精品解析：山东省聊城市2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期期末教学质量抽测 高二英语试题 本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Sarah do? A. She walked her dog. B. She did her homework. C. She cleaned her bedroom. 2. What is the man complaining about? A. The long wait. B. The terrible food. C. The noisy environment. 3. What does the woman want to do? A Have her hair cut. B. Buy a new dress. C. Attend a fashion show. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and clerk. B. Tourist and guide. C. Passenger and driver. 5. How much did it cost the woman to visit Shanghai Disneyland? A. $150. B. $105. C. $450. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白阅读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man do when he met Claire? A. He bought her something. B. He stopped to talk to her. C. He waved his hand to her. 7. Where is Claire probably working now? A. In a supermarket. B. In a school. C. In a bank. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man make the call? A. To follow up a booking. B. To make a reservation. C To postpone an appointment. 9. When does the man want the party to end? A. At 9:30 p.m. B. At 10:30 p.m. C. At 11:30 p.m. 10. What can the man enjoy on Saturday night? A. Welcome drinks. B. A meal discount. C. A free tour of the park. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a garden. B. In a supermarket. C. In a museum. 12. What pose does the man suggest? A. A finger heart. B. A “V” sign. C. Crossed arms. 13. What does the woman take the photo for? A. A graduation album. B. A job interview. C. An online profile. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man asking about at the beginning? A. Delivery time for shipping. B. Cost of shipping a package. C. Safety regulations for shipping. 15. What item is the man shipping? A. A set of golf clubs. B. A box of clothes. C. A piece of furniture. 16. What makes international shipping difficult recently? A. Customs restrictions. B. New safety regulations. C. Too many packages to process. 17. What will the man probably do next? A. Call a different shipping company. B. Wait for an update from the manager. C. Search for shipping news on his phone. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Advantages of using email at work. B. Disadvantages of using email in daily life. C. Ways of using email more efficiently at work. 19. What is the speaker’s second suggestion? A. Turn off the sound. B. Limit the frequency and time. C. Read all the email messages at once. 20. How can people judge which messages to answer right away? A. By looking through the contents. B. By checking the sender of each email. C. By scanning through the subjects. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1. What is special about Selana? A. She had a very long career. B. She had a humble beginning. C. She won two Academy Awards. D. She made many animated films. 2. What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A. His special talent. B. His great ambition. C. His childhood experience. D. His educational background. 3. Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A. Who Was Selena? B. Who Was Chuck Jones? C. Who Was Leif Erikson? D. Who Is Ralph Lauren? 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“Who Was?”系列丛书中与四个著名人物有关书籍的核心内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Was Selena?”部分中“The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. (这家人曾在家乡得克萨斯州的集市、婚礼、派对以及街头角落进行表演)”可知，塞拉娜出身卑微。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Is Ralph Lauren?”部分中“Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets.(拉尔夫·劳伦出生于布朗克斯区，早在青少年时期，他就以独特的时尚品味而闻名，喜欢经典服饰以及诸如破旧皮夹克之类的传统风格)”可知，拉尔夫·劳伦商业成功的主要因素是他的特殊才能。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Was Leif Erikson?”部分中“Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own.(莱夫·埃里克森天生就是个探险家。他的父亲，红色的埃里克，已经在今天的格陵兰岛建立了第一个欧洲定居点，尽管他还不知道，雷夫注定要参与他自己的冒险之旅。)”可知，莱夫·埃里克森的故事以冒险为核心，对于一个充满冒险精神的青少年来说，《Who Was Leif Erikson?》会是最佳的。故选C。 B Severson rarely hiked alone, but partners had been tough to find that Monday. And the day had dawned glorious, so he headed up the trail (小路) sending periodic messages to a friend from his phone as a safeguard. By 1:30 p.m., he was standing on the summit. Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. He could still see cairns (堆石标) through the decreasing visibility, so he walked downhill quickly. It wasn’t until he reached an unfamiliar low-lying land that he realized he’d gone off course. Severson had followed a different set of cairns, heading east rather than south. He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. When darkness fell, snowfall blocked his view. With zero visibility, he found a crack between three stones and lay down. “When my water bottles froze solid before 10 pm, I knew not to fall asleep,” says Severson. Almost, afraid, and with no help coming, be prepared himself for a night out in a September snowstorm. In wind chills down to —30℉, he stretched his muscles to stay warm, wishing he could call his wife. But no cell phone connected. “I never thought I was going to die,” he says. “But I was worried about severe frostbite.” By dawn, when Severson emerged zed and weak, a search was in full swing, but the 50 ground searchers, several rescue dogs, and two helicopters were unable to locate him. “We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. At around 1 p.m., Severson began moving again. He managed to gain the south summit, found his original valley, and, just before dark, encountered the searchers. 4. What led to Severson’s being caught in a snowstorm? A. sending messages constantly. B. Ignoring the weather report. C. Forgetting the position of cairns. D. Falling into an unfamiliar valley. 5. What did Severson try to do by returning to the slope? A. Follow the cairns to the east. B. Shelter himself in the low forest. C. Return to the starting point of the trail. D. Find the way to the narrow low-lying land. 6. How did Severson feel during the night out in a snowstorm? A. He was confident of survival. B. He was afraid of dying at high altitudes. C. He regretted not contacting his wife. D. He enjoyed being alone in the wild. 7. What can we infer from Cindy’s words? A. They were ashamed at not locating Severson. B. They were puzzled by Severson’s absence. C. They were exhausted at the extensive search. D. They were frustrated at Severson’s hiding. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了塞弗森独自徒步，因未查天气预报遇暴风雪迷路，在严寒中熬过一夜，最后在次日下午设法移动，最终遇到搜救人员。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. (尽管西边乌云密布，但塞弗森当时仍未意识到自己在忽略查看天气预报这件事上的错误有多么严重。)”可知，没有听从天气预报导致塞弗森在暴风雪中被困。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. (他躲在森林里避风，但暴风雨却愈发猛烈起来，于是他重新爬上那2000英尺高的山坡，希望能借助手电筒的光亮重新回到登山口。)”可知，塞弗森回到斜坡上是想回到这条小径的起点。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“I never thought I was going to die (我从未想过自己会死去)”可知，在暴风雪之夜外出时，塞弗森对自己能幸存下来很有信心。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. (“我们逐渐意识到，他是在躲避直升机，或许是因为感到难为情。”事故指挥官辛迪·珀塞尔说道。)”可知，他们对塞弗森的失踪感到困惑。故选B。 C Suppose you’re looking ahead to your evenings as a chance to catch up on the latest TV series or televised sport. Nothing looks more attractive to you than your couch (沙发). In the back of your mind, though, runs the possibility of using that time to figure out how to complete the home craft project. That project so far has become so complicated that it will take you at least an hour of watching instructional videos to complete it. You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done. However, the couch’s temptation becomes too hard to resist, and so the project will have to be abandoned. According to California State University’s Max Alberhasky, your situation is a typical example of what’s called the “happiness paradox”. Simply stated, this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from applying their skills. Put somewhat differently, when you’ re looking at how to spend your leisure time right in the moment, you’ re less likely to consider the long- term consequences of your decision. In one experiment conducted in the lab, undergraduates participated in either the high- skill activity of playing the online game “2048” (where you build chains of sums) or the low- skill activity of playing “Plinko” (a game based merely on luck). Participants playing the “2048” game reported being happier and finding more meaning in the activity than the “Plinko” players did. You know now why the cough looks so inviting compared to the halfway- done home project that just seems like it will be too hard and, hence, not very attractive. You can only pull yourself away from what will eventually be a less beneficial choice if you project yourself into the future and think about how good you’ll feel when it’s done and you can stand back and admire your work. 8. Why do we tend to give up the home craft project? A. We seek instant pleasures. B. We prefer rewarding tasks. C. We usually ignore easy activities. D. We focus on long-term interests. 9. What may cause the “happiness paradox”? A. Not realizing a job’s value. B. Not finding a worthwhile job. C. Escaping from boring tasks. D. Escaping from demanding tasks. 10. What can we infer from the experiment in paragraph 4? A. High- skill activities are more popular. B. Low- skill activities are more interesting. C. Higher level of difficulty leads to more fun. D. Lower level of difficulty results in more benefits. 11. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A. Realise potential rewards. B. Keep improving ourselves. C. Have a passion for our job. D. Find pleasure in the process. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们常因沙发诱惑放弃需努力的事，这是“幸福悖论”。实验显示，高技能活动比低技能活动更让人快乐，应着眼未来成果。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“That project so far has become so complicated that it will take you at least an hour of watching instructional videos to complete it. You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done. However, the couch’s temptation becomes too hard to resist, and so the project will have to be abandoned.(这个项目到目前为止已经变得非常复杂，你至少需要花一个小时观看教学视频才能完成它。你知道，如果完成了这个项目，你会为自己感到骄傲的。然而，沙发的诱惑实在太过难以抗拒，于是这个项目不得不被放弃)”可知，我们往往会放弃手工艺品制作项目是因为我们追求即时的快乐。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to California State University’s Max Alberhasky, your situation is a typical example of what’s called the “happiness paradox”. Simply stated, this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from applying their skills.(根据加利福尼亚州立大学的马克斯·阿尔伯哈斯基的说法，你的这种情况就是所谓的“幸福悖论”的典型例子。简单来说，这就是人们倾向于选择一种几乎不需要付出太多努力的休闲活动，尽管他们知道真正的情绪提升来自于运用自己的技能)”可知，躲避繁重的任务导致了“幸福悖论”。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In one experiment conducted in the lab, undergraduates participated in either the high- skill activity of playing the online game “2048” (where you build chains of sums) or the low- skill activity of playing “Plinko” (a game based merely on luck). Participants playing the “2048” game reported being happier and finding more meaning in the activity than the “Plinko” players did.(在实验室进行的一项实验中，本科生们分别参与了高技能活动——玩在线游戏“2048”（在游戏中你可以构建一系列的加法运算结果）以及低技能活动——玩“弹球机”（这只是一个纯粹依靠运气的游戏）。玩“2048”游戏的参与者表示自己更快乐，并且觉得这项活动更有意义，而玩“弹球机”的参与者则没有这种感受)”可知，实验发现难度越高，就越有趣。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“You can only pull yourself away from what will eventually be a less beneficial choice if you project yourself into the future and think about how good you’ll feel when it’s done and you can stand back and admire your work.(只有当你畅想未来，想象完成工作后，自己能够退后一步欣赏成果时的美妙感受，你才能摆脱最终不太有益的选择”可知，作者建议我们发现潜在的奖励。故选A。 D For wind and wildlife ecologist Emma Bennett, getting wind farms to adopt methods of avoiding bat collisions (碰撞) has long been a priority. For reasons nobody fully understands, bats are attracted to turbine (涡轮机) towers, perhaps because they see them as potential nesting sites or places to find insects. “Unlike birds, bats are actually investigating wind turbines and spending more time around them, which makes them at higher risk for death rate,” says Bennett. This attraction means that even when turbines are intentionally set up in places with little to no bat activity, the animals still often end up flying there and getting killed. The most effective solution, many experts agree, is to limit the times when the turbines are active. Ecologists have noticed that small bat species in particular are most likely to get struck by the blades when wind speeds are relatively low, around 2 to 5 meters per second. These small bats, weighing less than a chocolate bar, can’t fly if conditions get much windier. So at night, when the bats are out and about, setting wind turbines spinning only when higher wind speeds have been reached — an approach called curtailment — can help. For example, a two- year study at a Pennsylvania wind farm found that raising the wind speed at which turbines start to spin from 3.5 meters per second to 5 or 6.5 meters per second reduced bat deaths by between 44 percent and 93 percent. Because most wind power is generated at high wind speeds anyway, the impact of the restriction on energy production is minimal, says Bennett. When she tested a very modest restriction raising the cut- in speed from 3 meters per second to 4.5 meters per second, she and her colleagues saw bat death rate decline by around 54 percent, while the Australian wind farm in question lost less than 0.1 percent of earnings.“ Any small increase in this cut- in speed actually has a massive effect on bat survival,” Bennett says. 12. What is the problem disturbing Emma Bennett? A. The noises of turbines. B. The endangered bat species. C. Turbine towers’ attraction to bats. D. The location of turbine towers. 13. Why is “a chocolate bar” mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To provide an example. B. To support an argument. C. To justify a new theory. D. To give a description. 14. How does the “curtailment” method help save small bats? A. By making the turbines spin slower. B. By making the turbines spin a little faster. C. By starting the turbines at lower wind speeds. D. By starting the turbines at higher wind speeds. 15. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The definition of the cut-in speed. B. The efficiency of the restriction approach. C. The profits of the Australian wind farm. D. The experimental process of the restriction. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了减少风力涡轮机对蝙蝠碰撞伤害的方法及效果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段“For wind and wildlife ecologist Emma Bennett, getting wind farms to adopt methods of avoiding bat collisions (碰撞) has long been a priority.(对于风能与野生动物生态学家艾玛·贝内特而言，让风电场采用避免蝙蝠碰撞的方法一直是她的首要任务)”以及第二段“For reasons nobody fully understands, bats are attracted to turbine (涡轮机) towers, perhaps because they see them as potential nesting sites or places to find insects.(由于无人能完全弄清的原因，蝙蝠会被涡轮机塔所吸引，或许是因为它们将这些塔视作潜在的筑巢地或是觅食昆虫的场所)”可知，困扰Emma Bennett的问题是涡轮机塔对蝙蝠的吸引力，导致蝙蝠容易与涡轮机发生碰撞死亡。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“These small bats, weighing less than a chocolate bar, can’t fly if conditions get much windier.(这些体重还不到一块巧克力重的小蝙蝠，要是风再大些，就无法飞行了)”可知，这里提到“一块巧克力”是为了描述这些小蝙蝠的体重之轻，通过与常见物品巧克力做比较，让读者更直观地了解小蝙蝠的体重情况，属于给出描述。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“So at night, when the bats are out and about, setting wind turbines spinning only when higher wind speeds have been reached — an approach called curtailment — can help.(因此，在晚上，当蝙蝠外出活动时，只有在达到较高风速时才启动风力涡轮机旋转——这种方法被称为“curtailment”——可以帮助拯救蝙蝠)”以及“For example, a two- year study at a Pennsylvania wind farm found that raising the wind speed at which turbines start to spin from 3.5 meters per second to 5 or 6.5 meters per second reduced bat deaths by between 44 percent and 93 percent.(例如，在宾夕法尼亚州一个风电场开展的一项为期两年的研究发现，将涡轮机开始旋转的风速从每秒3.5米提高到每秒5米或6.5米，可使蝙蝠死亡数量减少44%至93%)”可知，“curtailment”方法是通过在达到较高风速时才启动涡轮机旋转来帮助拯救小蝙蝠的。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Because most wind power is generated at high wind speeds anyway, the impact of the restriction on energy production is minimal, says Bennett.(贝内特表示，由于无论如何大多数风力发电都是在高风速条件下产生的，所以这种限制措施对能源生产的影响微乎其微)”以及““ Any small increase in this cut- in speed actually has a massive effect on bat survival,” Bennett says.(贝内特说：“这种切入风速哪怕有小幅提升，实际上都会对蝙蝠的生存产生巨大影响。”)”可知，该段主要讲述了限制涡轮机启动风速这一方法对能源生产影响很小，但对蝙蝠生存影响很大，即关注的是这种限制方法的效率。故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Millions of people enter later life carrying extra 10 to 15 pounds, the weight they’ve gained after having children, developing joint problems, becoming less active, or making meals the center of their social lives. ____16____ This question has attracted great attention with weight loss drugs giving people the hope of losing excess pounds. ____17____ On the one hand, weight gain is associated with the accumulation of fat. And that can have serious negative consequences, contributing to heart disease, diabetes, and a host of other medical conditions. On the other hand, numerous studies suggest that carrying some extra weight can sometimes be protective in later life. ____18____ And for people who become seriously ill with conditions such as cancers or advanced diseases, that fat can be a source of energy, helping them tolerate demanding therapies. Of course, it depends on how heavy someone is to begin with. For those who are already overweight or mildly obese (肥胖的), putting on extra pounds places them at much greater risk than those with lower weights. ____19____ Experts are more concerned about a lack of activity in older adults who are overweight or mildly obese than about weight loss. ____20____ It raises the risk of developing a disability or functional damage that can influence independence. Therefore, for older adults wanting to lose weight, they need to be willing at the same time to increase physical activity. A. See your doctor if you’re losing weight without trying to. B. Should they lose this little extra weight to improve their health? C. And rapid weight gain in later life is always a cause for concern. D. Why is losing a few extra pounds so important for elder people? E. For years, experts have debated what to advise older adults in this situation. F. For people who fall, it can serve as the shock absorber, protecting from breaks. G. With minimal or no activity, muscle mass becomes worse and strength decreases. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨老年人是否应减掉多余体重，指出增重有弊也可能有益，强调超重老人缺乏活动更需关注，建议减重时增加运动。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Millions of people enter later life carrying extra 10 to 15 pounds, the weight they’ve gained after having children, developing joint problems, becoming less active, or making meals the center of their social lives.(数以百万计的人在步入晚年时体重会增加10到15磅，这是他们在生育子女后所增加的体重，他们可能会出现关节问题，变得不那么活跃，或者把吃饭变成社交活动的核心内容)”以及后文“This question has attracted great attention with weight loss drugs giving people the hope of losing excess pounds.(这个问题引起了广泛关注，因为减肥药物让人们看到了减轻体重的希望)”可知，前文提到许多人晚年体重增加，后文指出减肥药让人们有望减重，此处应衔接一个关于是否应该减重的疑问，故B选项“他们是否应该减轻这少量多余的体重以改善健康状况呢？”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据后文“On the one hand, weight gain is associated with the accumulation of fat. And that can have serious negative consequences, contributing to heart disease, diabetes, and a host of other medical conditions. On the other hand, numerous studies suggest that carrying some extra weight can sometimes be protective in later life.(一方面，体重增加与脂肪的积累有关。这可能会带来严重的负面影响，增加患心脏病、糖尿病以及一系列其他疾病的风险。另一方面，众多研究表明，在晚年阶段，体重稍有增加有时反而具有一定的保护作用)”可知，后文从正反两方面阐述了体重增加的影响 —— 既可能导致疾病，又可能在某些情况下起到保护作用，这体现了专家对此的争议，故E选项“多年来，专家们一直在争论在这种情况下应该给老年人提出什么样的建议”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“On the other hand, numerous studies suggest that carrying some extra weight can sometimes be protective in later life.(另一方面，众多研究表明，在晚年阶段，体重稍有增加有时反而会有一定的保护作用)”可知，前文提到“体重稍有增加有时反而会有一定的保护作用”，本句对上文提到的这一保护作用的具体举例，故F选项“对于摔倒的人来说，它可以起到缓冲作用，防止受伤”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Of course, it depends on how heavy someone is to begin with. For those who are already overweight or mildly obese (肥胖的), putting on extra pounds places them at much greater risk than those with lower weights.(当然，这取决于一个人的初始体重状况。对于那些已经超重或轻度肥胖的人来说，体重的进一步增加会让他们面临比体重较轻的人更大的健康风险)”可知，前文指出对于已经超重或轻度肥胖的人来说，增重风险更大，本句进一步强调了晚年增重的风险，故C选项“并且晚年体重的快速增加总是值得担忧的”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Experts are more concerned about a lack of activity in older adults who are overweight or mildly obese than about weight loss.(专家们更担心的是那些体重超标或轻度肥胖的老年人缺乏运动的情况，而非体重的减轻问题)”以及后文“It raises the risk of developing a disability or functional damage that can influence independence. Therefore, for older adults wanting to lose weight, they need to be willing at the same time to increase physical activity.(这会增加患上残疾或出现功能障碍的风险，从而影响其独立性。因此，对于想要减肥的老年人来说，他们需要同时愿意增加体育锻炼量)”可知，前文提到专家更担心超重或轻度肥胖的老年人缺乏活动，本句解释了缺乏活动的危害，与后文“增加残疾或功能损伤风险”呼应，故G选项“在几乎没有或完全没有运动的情况下，肌肉质量会变差，力量也会下降”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 On September 19 at 11 pm, we were awakened by the sound of exploding glass. We were in our ____21____ up the hills of Mariana, Humacao, in Puerto Rico — just a few miles north from where the eye of Hurricane Maria had ____22____ landfall. When we emerged from our hideout we couldn’t believe our eyes. Everything looked like a bomb had exploded. We were ____23____ and displaced. With most of our belongings _____24_____ damaged by water, we sought shelter in my husband’s cousin’s house next door. Three days later, we realized no ____25____ was coming and we were our only hope. In Mariana we didn’t have water for over six months and we ____26____ power for nine months. My husband and I started Proyecto of Apoyo Mutuo Mariana, which was roughly ____27____ as “Mariana Mutual Support Project”, in partnership with a local community organization and we were now the ones who could ____28____ ourselves. After several months of ____29____ up to 500 meals a day in an entirely grassroots effort, we moved toward building a community-led emergency center _____30_____ with a water filtration system, solar power, a crowd-sourced emergency plan, a laundry, a library, showers and beds. From this _____31_____ we asked ourselves, what would it take for all communities to face disasters and loss with _____32_____, instead of switching to _____33_____? This is why my husband and I founded Emerge Puerto Rico, an education and leadership development non-profit organization _____34_____ equipping our youngest generation with the mindset they need to release their greater collective power and face _____35_____ odds. 21. A. home B. school C. factory D. office 22. A. seen B. made C. met D. watched 23. A. excited B. shocked C. interested D. informed 24. A. possibly B. eventually C. temporarily D. permanently 25. A. help B. warmth C. storm D. award 26. A. lost B. gained C. searched D. seized 27. A. connected B. viewed C. translated D. responded 28. A. save B. feed C. teach D. understand 29. A. enjoying B. serving C. setting D. preparing 30. A. busy B. familiar C. content D. complete 31. A. adventure B. platform C. accident D. experience 32. A. skill B. wisdom C. courage D. delight 33. A. pride B. failure C. doubt D. depression 34. A. used to B. related to C. focused on D. based on 35. A. pleasant B. terrible C. ultimate D. distant 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家被飓风玛丽亚摧毁家园，之后作者和丈夫创立互助项目自救，最终发展成配备完善设施的社区应急中心，并成立非营利组织培养年轻一代的抗灾领导力的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在波多黎各胡马考州马里亚纳山上的家里，离飓风玛丽亚风眼登陆的地方只有几英里。A. home家；B. school学校；C. factory工厂；D. office办公室。根据下文“we sought shelter in my husband’s cousin’s house next door”可知，作者一家后来到隔壁堂兄家避难，因此是指当时在马里亚纳山上的家里。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在波多黎各胡马考州马里亚纳山上的家里，离飓风玛丽亚风眼登陆的地方只有几英里。A. seen看见；B. made进行；C. met遇见；D. watched观看。根据上文“the eye of Hurricane Maria had”可知，飓风玛丽亚风眼在附近登陆，短语make landfall意为“到达陆地，登陆”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们感到震惊，被迫离开家园。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. informed了解情况的。根据上文“When we emerged from our hideout we couldn’t believe our eyes. Everything looked like a bomb had exploded.”可知，作者一家简直不敢相信自己的眼睛，一切看起来都像炸弹爆炸了，因此是指感到震惊。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于我们的大部分财产都被水永久性地损坏了，我们到隔壁我丈夫的堂兄家避难。A. possibly可能地；B. eventually最终地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. permanently永久地。根据上文“Everything looked like a bomb had exploded.”可知，一切看起来都像炸弹爆炸了，因此是指大部分财产都被水永久性地损坏了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：三天后，我们意识到不会有任何帮助，我们是我们唯一的希望。A. help帮助；B. warmth温暖；C. storm暴风雨；D. award奖励。根据下文“we were our only hope”可知，作者一家意识到唯一的希望在于自己，因此是指不会有任何帮助。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在马里亚纳，我们有六个多月没有水，有九个月没有电。A. lost失去；B. gained获得；C. searched搜索；D. seized抓住。根据上文“In Mariana we didn’t have water for over six months”可知，作者一家有六个多月没有水，因此是指失去电力九个月，即九个月没有电。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫与当地的一个社区组织合作，创立了Apoyo Mutuo Mariana Proyecto，大致翻译过来就是“马里亚纳互助项目”，现在我们可以自救了。A. connected连接；B. viewed查看；C. translated翻译；D. responded回应。根据上文“Proyecto of Apoyo Mutuo Mariana”和下文“Mariana Mutual Support Project”可知，“马里亚纳互助项目”是Apoyo Mutuo Mariana Proyecto大致翻译过来的意思。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫与当地的一个社区组织合作，创立了Apoyo Mutuo Mariana Proyecto，大致翻译过来就是“马里亚纳互助项目”，现在我们可以自救了。A. save拯救；B. feed喂养；C. teach教学；D. understand理解。根据上文“Mariana Mutual Support Project”可知，作者和丈夫创立了“马里亚纳互助项目”，这是为了自救。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在长达数月完全依靠基层力量、每天提供多达500份餐食之后，我们着手建设一个由社区主导的应急中心，该中心配备了水过滤系统、太阳能发电设备、一份众包应急方案，还有洗衣房、图书馆、淋浴设施和床铺。A. enjoying享受；B. serving给……提供（餐饮）；C. setting设置；D. preparing准备。根据上文“Mariana Mutual Support Project”可知，作者和丈夫创立了“马里亚纳互助项目”，这一项目应该是为同样受灾的人提供饭。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在长达数月完全依靠基层力量、每天提供多达500份餐食之后，我们着手建设一个由社区主导的应急中心，该中心配备了水过滤系统、太阳能发电设备、一份众包应急方案，还有洗衣房、图书馆、淋浴设施和床铺。A. busy忙碌的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. content满足的；D. complete完整的。根据下文“with a water filtration system, solar power, a crowd-sourced emergency plan, a laundry, a library, showers and beds”可知，这一应急中心配备有这些基础设施，短语complete with意为“配备有”。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这一经历中，我们问自己，怎样才能让所有的社区勇敢地面对灾难和损失，而不是陷入抑郁？A. adventure冒险；B. platform平台；C. accident事故；D. experience经历。根据上文叙述的作者一家因为飓风登陆而流离失所，在困境中创办互助项目，进行自救可知，此处指上文的这一经历。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这一经历中，我们问自己，怎样才能让所有的社区勇敢地面对灾难和损失，而不是陷入抑郁？A. skill技能；B. wisdom智慧；C. courage勇气；D. delight快乐。根据下文“This is why my husband and I founded Emerge Puerto Rico, an education and leadership development non-profit organization”可知，作者和丈夫创立Emerge Puerto Rico这样一个教育和领导力发展的非营利组织，应该是为了帮助大家勇敢地面对灾难和损失。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这一经历中，我们问自己，怎样才能让所有的社区勇敢地面对灾难和损失，而不是陷入抑郁？A. pride骄傲；B. failure失败；C. doubt怀疑；D. depression抑郁。根据上文“disasters and loss”可知，灾难和损失常常会让人陷入抑郁。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：这就是为什么我丈夫和我创立了Emerge Puerto Rico，这是一个教育和领导力发展的非营利组织，专注于为我们最年轻的一代提供他们需要的心态，让他们释放出更大的集体力量，面对可怕的困难。A. used to习惯于；B. related to与……相关；C. focused on专注于；D. based on基于。根据上文“an education and leadership development non-profit organization”可知，教育和领导力发展的非营利组织应该是专注于为最年轻的一代提供他们需要的心态。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我丈夫和我创立了Emerge Puerto Rico，这是一个教育和领导力发展的非营利组织，专注于为我们最年轻的一代提供他们需要的心态，让他们释放出更大的集体力量，面对可怕的困难。A. pleasant愉快的；B. terrible可怕的；C. ultimate最终的；D. distant遥远的。根据上文“disasters and loss”可知，此处呼应“灾难和损失”，指面对可怕的困难。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据提示完成句子，在答题卡相应位置填上1个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。 36. Last week, a powerful typhoon s________ (吹过) the coastal city, causing severe damage to buildings and infrastructure. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】swept##wept 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，一场强台风席卷了这座沿海城市，对建筑和基础设施造成严重破坏。结合首字母提示可知，“吹过”应用动词sweep，作谓语，结合“Last week”可知，时态应用一般过去时。故填swept。 37. The ballerina danced with such f________ (流畅) that she seemed to float across the stage. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】fluency##luency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位芭蕾舞演员舞姿如此流畅，仿佛在舞台上轻盈地飘行一般。根据中英文提示可知用名词fluency，作宾语，不可数。故填fluency。 38. After kneeling affectionately to his mother Zhang Wei went d________ (拼命地) to rescue the fifth drowning person. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】desperately##esperately 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：深情地跪别母亲后，张伟拼死去救第五名溺水者。结合首字母提示可知，“拼命地”应用副词desperately，作修饰动词went的状语。故填desperately。 39. The company only hires q________(合格的) candidates with relevant experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】qualified##ualified 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司只聘用具有相关工作经验的合格求职者。根据中英文提示可知用形容词qualified，修饰名词candidates。故填qualified。 40. The report must be s________ (提交) to the manager by Friday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】submitted##ubmitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这份报告必须在周五之前提交给经理。根据中英文提示可知用动词submit，与主语构成被动关系，空处用submit的过去分词和must be构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填submitted。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 The Chinese nation respects and loves nature and preserves harmony between humanity and nature.____41____5,000-year-old Chinese civilization has an abundance of ideas about nature and environment. The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching ____42____(contain)well-known sayings about the laws of nature: Man patterns ____43____(he)on the operation of the earth; the earth patterns itself on the operation of heaven; heaven patterns itself on the operation of Dao; Dao patterns itself on ____44____ is nature. The contemporary Chinese principles follow the laws of nature, and apply bio-measures and farming techniques ____45____(restore)the original eco-environment of rivers and address both symptoms and root causes. All of these ideas come ____46____ the ancient belief that humanity should follow the laws of nature. The ancient Chinese philosophy also talks about the relationship between opening up the source and regulating the flow, ___47___ between protecting environment and developing the economy. It holds maintaining national (理性的) development and proper use of natural ____48____(resource). For centuries, the idea of taking from nature at the proper time and to the proper extent ____49____(inspire)Chinese people to address various social problems and achieve harmony between humanity and nature. Traditional ideas are _____50_____(close)related to our respect of nature today. 【答案】41. The 42. contains 43. himself 44. what 45. to restore 46 from 47. and 48. resources 49. has inspired##has been inspiring 50. closely 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中华民族崇尚自然、追求人与自然和谐，5000年文明有丰富自然环境理念，古代哲学思想与当今尊重自然密切相关。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：拥有五千年历史的中华文明在关于自然和环境的方面有着丰富的思想理念。此处civilization特指拥有五千年历史的中华文明，用定冠词，首字母大写。故填The。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching，谓语用三单形式。故填contains。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。此处指人“他自己”用反身代词himself。故填himself。 44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当代中国的这些原则遵循自然规律，并运用生物措施和农业技术来恢复河流原有的生态环境，同时解决表面症状和根本问题。短语apply sth. to do sth.表示“运用某物做某事”。故填to restore。 【46题详解】 考查介词。句意：所有这些观点都源于一种古老的信念，即人类应当遵循自然法则。短语come from表示“来自”。故填from。 【47题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国古代的哲学思想也探讨了开放源头与调节水流之间的关系，以及保护环境与发展经济之间的关系。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 【48题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：它关乎维护国家发展以及合理利用自然资源。表示多种自然资源，用复数形式作宾语。故填resources。 【49题详解】 考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，“适时、适度地向自然索取” 这一理念一直激励着中国人民解决各种社会问题，实现人与自然的和谐。这些传统思想与我们当今对自然的尊重密切相关。根据上文For centuries可知可用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或表示过去的动作持续到现在，还可能持续下去，用现在完成进行时；主语为idea，助动词用has。故填has inspired/has been inspiring。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：几个世纪以来，“适时、适度地向自然索取” 这一理念一直激励着中国人民解决各种社会问题，实现人与自然的和谐。这些传统思想与我们当今对自然的尊重密切相关。修饰形容词related用副词closely。故填closely。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，上周末你体验了一次你市新引进的无人驾驶出租车 (self-driving taxi)，请给你的外国笔友David写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1.体验过程； 2.你的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, Last weekend, I had an exciting experience riding in a self-driving taxi newly introduced in our city. As soon as I entered the vehicle, it automatically started and followed the preset route, smoothly navigating through traffic with remarkable precision. What amazed me most was that, despite the absence of a human driver, the taxi responded promptly to road conditions and signals, providing a safe and comfortable ride. I felt both thrilled and reassured by the advanced technology at work. This experience has truly opened my eyes to the future of transportation, and I can't wait to see what innovations lie ahead. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友David写一封邮件分享体验无人驾驶出租车的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling 使惊讶：amaze→shock 尽管：despite→in spite of 先进的：advanced→developed 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last weekend, I had an exciting experience riding in a self-driving taxi newly introduced in our city. 拓展句：Last weekend, I had an exciting experience riding in a self-driving taxi which/that was newly introduced in our city. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What amazed me most was that, despite the absence of a human driver, the taxi responded promptly to road conditions and signals, providing a safe and comfortable ride.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】This experience has truly opened my eyes to the future of transportation, and I can’t wait to see what innovations lie ahead.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分20分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With three little ones down for a meal, I hurried to answer before they were all awakened premature. Opening the door a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing. From his hand hung a torn plastic bag. “Can I help you?” I asked. “Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was shaky with age. “Are they from your garden?” Looking into his shabby bag, I saw mostly dirt, with a few carrots. “Yes,” His voice was soft and rough. “And I can get some apples from a tree in my yard. Would you like some of those too?” I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his produce. With a sigh, I gestured him in. “Please step inside and I’ll get my purse.” The next day, he knocked at our door again. This time Heidi, my generous little four-year-old, got there first. “Oh, hello. Would you like to come in for tea?” Without hesitating, the old man stepped inside and held out a basket with several apples resting at the bottom. “From my tree,” he said. “Thought you might like to make a pie.” There was no mistaking the depressed look in his eye. The three of us sat at the kitchen table, tasting cookies and sipping our tea, Heidi’s cup containing a much weaker version. Sheer delight in hosting a visitor was evident in her never- ending stream of questions. “What’s your name? Where do you live? Why are your clothes so dirty? Will your mother be mad at you?” The homeless- looking man chuckled (轻声笑) as he attempted to answer each question. His name was Mr Locket and he lived around the corner. His wife had passed away several years before, and his children all lived far away. He was lonely. His need for companionship had sent him door to door under the trick of selling fruit and vegetables. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eventually, the cookies were gone and he struggled to his feet. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, the children excitedly awaited his visit. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Eventually, the cookies were gone and he struggled to his feet. Inching his way to the door, he turned and offered us a cheerful smile and a wave goodbye. As I watched him limp painfully to an ancient bicycle leaning against our house, my heart melted. Once on his bike, he rode slowly down the road, perhaps a little less lonely than before. He had promised to return tomorrow, and I knew what I wanted to do. The next day, the children excitedly awaited his visit. The moment I answered the door and let Mr Locket in, they rushed over and led him to the table. The center of the table was decorated with a small bunch of garden flowers picked by little hands. I entered the kitchen and came out with a steaming apple pie. Pulling up a chair beside my children, he immediately seemed at home. We watched with amazement a s he wolfed down half the dessert with his eyes filled with tears. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位衣衫褴褛的老人以卖蔬果为由上门，作者让他进屋。次日老人带苹果再来，四岁女儿邀请他喝茶，得知他因孤独才上门。第三天，孩子们期待他来访，桌上有鲜花和苹果派，老人感动落泪。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“最终，饼干都被吃光了，他艰难地站了起来”可知，第一段可描写老人吃完饼干道别，作者感到心酸，老人承诺明天会再来。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，孩子们兴奋地等待着他的到来”可知，第二段可描写孩子们期待他来访，桌上有鲜花和苹果派，老人感动落泪。 2.续写线索：吃光饼干——老人道别离去——作者心酸——承诺明天会回来——孩子期待老人来访——作者准备了鲜花苹果派——老人感动 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①进入：enter/get into ②急忙：rush over/hurry to ③返回：return /get back 情绪类 ①孤单：lonely/alone ②惊讶：amazement/surprise 【点睛】[高分句型1] Inching his way to the door, he turned and offered us a cheerful smile and a wave goodbye. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] As I watched him limp painfully to an ancient bicycle leaning against our house, my heart melted. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期期末教学质量抽测 高二英语试题 本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Sarah do? A. She walked her dog. B. She did her homework. C. She cleaned her bedroom. 2. What is the man complaining about? A. The long wait. B. The terrible food. C. The noisy environment. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. Have her hair cut. B. Buy a new dress. C. Attend a fashion show. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and clerk. B. Tourist and guide. C. Passenger and driver. 5. How much did it cost the woman to visit Shanghai Disneyland? A. $150. B. $105. C. $450. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白阅读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man do when he met Claire? A. He bought her something. B. He stopped to talk to her. C. He waved his hand to her. 7. Where is Claire probably working now? A. In a supermarket. B. In a school. C. In a bank. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man make the call? A. To follow up a booking. B. To make a reservation. C. To postpone an appointment. 9. When does the man want the party to end? A. At 9:30 p.m. B. At 10:30 p.m. C. At 11:30 p.m. 10. What can the man enjoy on Saturday night? A. Welcome drinks. B. A meal discount. C. A free tour of the park. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a garden. B. In a supermarket. C. In a museum. 12. What pose does the man suggest? A. A finger heart. B. A “V” sign. C. Crossed arms. 13. What does the woman take the photo for? A. A graduation album. B. A job interview. C. An online profile. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14 What is the man asking about at the beginning? A. Delivery time for shipping. B. Cost of shipping a package. C. Safety regulations for shipping. 15. What item is the man shipping? A A set of golf clubs. B. A box of clothes. C. A piece of furniture. 16. What makes international shipping difficult recently? A. Customs restrictions. B. New safety regulations. C. Too many packages to process. 17. What will the man probably do next? A. Call a different shipping company. B. Wait for an update from the manager. C. Search for shipping news on his phone. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Advantages of using email at work. B. Disadvantages of using email in daily life. C. Ways of using email more efficiently at work. 19. What is the speaker’s second suggestion? A. Turn off the sound. B Limit the frequency and time. C. Read all the email messages at once. 20. How can people judge which messages to answer right away? A. By looking through the contents. B. By checking the sender of each email. C. By scanning through the subjects. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1. What is special about Selana? A. She had a very long career. B. She had a humble beginning. C. She won two Academy Awards. D. She made many animated films. 2. What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A. His special talent. B. His great ambition. C. His childhood experience. D. His educational background. 3. Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A. Who Was Selena? B. Who Was Chuck Jones? C. Who Was Leif Erikson? D. Who Is Ralph Lauren? B Severson rarely hiked alone, but partners had been tough to find that Monday. And the day had dawned glorious, so he headed up the trail (小路) sending periodic messages to a friend from his phone as a safeguard. By 1:30 p.m., he was standing on the summit. Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. He could still see cairns (堆石标) through the decreasing visibility, so he walked downhill quickly. It wasn’t until he reached an unfamiliar low-lying land that he realized he’d gone off course. Severson had followed a different set of cairns, heading east rather than south. He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. When darkness fell, snowfall blocked his view. With zero visibility, he found a crack between three stones and lay down. “When my water bottles froze solid before 10 pm, I knew not to fall asleep,” says Severson. Almost, afraid, and with no help coming, be prepared himself for a night out in a September snowstorm. In wind chills down to —30℉, he stretched his muscles to stay warm, wishing he could call his wife. But no cell phone connected. “I never thought I was going to die,” he says. “But I was worried about severe frostbite.” By dawn, when Severson emerged zed and weak, a search was in full swing, but the 50 ground searchers, several rescue dogs, and two helicopters were unable to locate him. “We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. At around 1 p.m., Severson began moving again. He managed to gain the south summit, found his original valley, and, just before dark, encountered the searchers. 4. What led to Severson’s being caught in a snowstorm? A. sending messages constantly. B. Ignoring the weather report. C. Forgetting the position of cairns. D. Falling into an unfamiliar valley. 5. What did Severson try to do by returning to the slope? A. Follow the cairns to the east. B. Shelter himself in the low forest. C. Return to the starting point of the trail. D. Find the way to the narrow low-lying land. 6. How did Severson feel during the night out in a snowstorm? A. He was confident of survival. B. He was afraid of dying at high altitudes. C. He regretted not contacting his wife. D. He enjoyed being alone in the wild. 7. What can we infer from Cindy’s words? A. They were ashamed at not locating Severson. B. They were puzzled by Severson’s absence. C. They were exhausted at the extensive search. D. They were frustrated at Severson’s hiding. C Suppose you’re looking ahead to your evenings as a chance to catch up on the latest TV series or televised sport. Nothing looks more attractive to you than your couch (沙发). In the back of your mind, though, runs the possibility of using that time to figure out how to complete the home craft project. That project so far has become so complicated that it will take you at least an hour of watching instructional videos to complete it. You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done. However, the couch’s temptation becomes too hard to resist, and so the project will have to be abandoned. According to California State University’s Max Alberhasky, your situation is a typical example of what’s called the “happiness paradox”. Simply stated, this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from applying their skills. Put somewhat differently, when you’ re looking at how to spend your leisure time right in the moment, you’ re less likely to consider the long- term consequences of your decision. In one experiment conducted in the lab, undergraduates participated in either the high- skill activity of playing the online game “2048” (where you build chains of sums) or the low- skill activity of playing “Plinko” (a game based merely on luck). Participants playing the “2048” game reported being happier and finding more meaning in the activity than the “Plinko” players did. You know now why the cough looks so inviting compared to the halfway- done home project that just seems like it will be too hard and, hence, not very attractive. You can only pull yourself away from what will eventually be a less beneficial choice if you project yourself into the future and think about how good you’ll feel when it’s done and you can stand back and admire your work. 8. Why do we tend to give up the home craft project? A. We seek instant pleasures. B. We prefer rewarding tasks. C. We usually ignore easy activities. D. We focus on long-term interests. 9. What may cause the “happiness paradox”? A. Not realizing a job’s value. B. Not finding a worthwhile job. C. Escaping from boring tasks. D. Escaping from demanding tasks. 10. What can we infer from the experiment in paragraph 4? A. High- skill activities are more popular. B. Low- skill activities are more interesting. C. Higher level of difficulty leads to more fun. D. Lower level of difficulty results in more benefits. 11. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A. Realise potential rewards. B. Keep improving ourselves. C. Have a passion for our job. D. Find pleasure in the process. D For wind and wildlife ecologist Emma Bennett, getting wind farms to adopt methods of avoiding bat collisions (碰撞) has long been a priority. For reasons nobody fully understands, bats are attracted to turbine (涡轮机) towers, perhaps because they see them as potential nesting sites or places to find insects. “Unlike birds, bats are actually investigating wind turbines and spending more time around them, which makes them at higher risk for death rate,” says Bennett. This attraction means that even when turbines are intentionally set up in places with little to no bat activity, the animals still often end up flying there and getting killed. The most effective solution, many experts agree, is to limit the times when the turbines are active. Ecologists have noticed that small bat species in particular are most likely to get struck by the blades when wind speeds are relatively low, around 2 to 5 meters per second. These small bats, weighing less than a chocolate bar, can’t fly if conditions get much windier. So at night, when the bats are out and about, setting wind turbines spinning only when higher wind speeds have been reached — an approach called curtailment — can help. For example, a two- year study at a Pennsylvania wind farm found that raising the wind speed at which turbines start to spin from 3.5 meters per second to 5 or 6.5 meters per second reduced bat deaths by between 44 percent and 93 percent. Because most wind power is generated at high wind speeds anyway, the impact of the restriction on energy production is minimal, says Bennett. When she tested a very modest restriction raising the cut- in speed from 3 meters per second to 4.5 meters per second, she and her colleagues saw bat death rate decline by around 54 percent, while the Australian wind farm in question lost less than 0.1 percent of earnings.“ Any small increase in this cut- in speed actually has a massive effect on bat survival,” Bennett says. 12. What is the problem disturbing Emma Bennett? A. The noises of turbines. B. The endangered bat species. C. Turbine towers’ attraction to bats. D. The location of turbine towers. 13. Why is “a chocolate bar” mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To provide an example. B. To support an argument. C. To justify a new theory. D. To give a description. 14 How does the “curtailment” method help save small bats? A. By making the turbines spin slower. B. By making the turbines spin a little faster. C. By starting the turbines at lower wind speeds. D. By starting the turbines at higher wind speeds. 15. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The definition of the cut-in speed. B. The efficiency of the restriction approach. C. The profits of the Australian wind farm. D. The experimental process of the restriction. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Millions of people enter later life carrying extra 10 to 15 pounds, the weight they’ve gained after having children, developing joint problems, becoming less active, or making meals the center of their social lives. ____16____ This question has attracted great attention with weight loss drugs giving people the hope of losing excess pounds. ____17____ On the one hand, weight gain is associated with the accumulation of fat. And that can have serious negative consequences, contributing to heart disease, diabetes, and a host of other medical conditions. On the other hand, numerous studies suggest that carrying some extra weight can sometimes be protective in later life. ____18____ And for people who become seriously ill with conditions such as cancers or advanced diseases, that fat can be a source of energy, helping them tolerate demanding therapies. Of course, it depends on how heavy someone is to begin with. For those who are already overweight or mildly obese (肥胖的), putting on extra pounds places them at much greater risk than those with lower weights. ____19____ Experts are more concerned about a lack of activity in older adults who are overweight or mildly obese than about weight loss. ____20____ It raises the risk of developing a disability or functional damage that can influence independence. Therefore, for older adults wanting to lose weight, they need to be willing at the same time to increase physical activity. A. See your doctor if you’re losing weight without trying to. B. Should they lose this little extra weight to improve their health? C. And rapid weight gain in later life is always a cause for concern. D. Why is losing a few extra pounds so important for elder people? E. For years, experts have debated what to advise older adults in this situation. F. For people who fall, it can serve as the shock absorber, protecting from breaks. G. With minimal or no activity, muscle mass becomes worse and strength decreases. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 On September 19 at 11 pm, we were awakened by the sound of exploding glass. We were in our ____21____ up the hills of Mariana, Humacao, in Puerto Rico — just a few miles north from where the eye of Hurricane Maria had ____22____ landfall. When we emerged from our hideout we couldn’t believe our eyes. Everything looked like a bomb had exploded. We were ____23____ and displaced. With most of our belongings _____24_____ damaged by water, we sought shelter in my husband’s cousin’s house next door. Three days later, we realized no ____25____ was coming and we were our only hope. In Mariana we didn’t have water for over six months and we ____26____ power for nine months. My husband and I started Proyecto of Apoyo Mutuo Mariana, which was roughly ____27____ as “Mariana Mutual Support Project”, in partnership with a local community organization and we were now the ones who could ____28____ ourselves. After several months of ____29____ up to 500 meals a day in an entirely grassroots effort, we moved toward building a community-led emergency center _____30_____ with a water filtration system, solar power, a crowd-sourced emergency plan, a laundry, a library, showers and beds. From this _____31_____ we asked ourselves, what would it take for all communities to face disasters and loss with _____32_____, instead of switching to _____33_____? This is why my husband and I founded Emerge Puerto Rico, an education and leadership development non-profit organization _____34_____ equipping our youngest generation with the mindset they need to release their greater collective power and face _____35_____ odds. 21. A. home B. school C. factory D. office 22. A. seen B. made C. met D. watched 23. A. excited B. shocked C. interested D. informed 24. A. possibly B. eventually C. temporarily D. permanently 25. A. help B. warmth C. storm D. award 26. A. lost B. gained C. searched D. seized 27. A. connected B. viewed C. translated D. responded 28. A. save B. feed C. teach D. understand 29. A. enjoying B. serving C. setting D. preparing 30. A. busy B. familiar C. content D. complete 31. A. adventure B. platform C. accident D. experience 32. A. skill B. wisdom C. courage D. delight 33. A. pride B. failure C. doubt D. depression 34. A. used to B. related to C. focused on D. based on 35. A. pleasant B. terrible C. ultimate D. distant 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据提示完成句子，在答题卡相应位置填上1个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。 36. Last week, a powerful typhoon s________ (吹过) the coastal city, causing severe damage to buildings and infrastructure. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 37. The ballerina danced with such f________ (流畅) that she seemed to float across the stage. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 38. After kneeling affectionately to his mother, Zhang Wei went d________ (拼命地) to rescue the fifth drowning person. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 39. The company only hires q________(合格的) candidates with relevant experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 40. The report must be s________ (提交) to the manager by Friday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 The Chinese nation respects and loves nature and preserves harmony between humanity and nature.____41____5,000-year-old Chinese civilization has an abundance of ideas about nature and environment. The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching ____42____(contain)well-known sayings about the laws of nature: Man patterns ____43____(he)on the operation of the earth; the earth patterns itself on the operation of heaven; heaven patterns itself on the operation of Dao; Dao patterns itself on ____44____ is nature. The contemporary Chinese principles follow the laws of nature, and apply bio-measures and farming techniques ____45____(restore)the original eco-environment of rivers and address both symptoms and root causes. All of these ideas come ____46____ the ancient belief that humanity should follow the laws of nature. The ancient Chinese philosophy also talks about the relationship between opening up the source and regulating the flow, ___47___ between protecting environment and developing the economy. It holds maintaining national (理性的) development and proper use of natural ____48____(resource). For centuries, the idea of taking from nature at the proper time and to the proper extent ____49____(inspire)Chinese people to address various social problems and achieve harmony between humanity and nature. Traditional ideas are _____50_____(close)related to our respect of nature today. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，上周末你体验了一次你市新引进的无人驾驶出租车 (self-driving taxi)，请给你的外国笔友David写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1.体验过程； 2.你的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分20分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With three little ones down for a meal, I hurried to answer before they were all awakened premature. Opening the door a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing. From his hand hung a torn plastic bag. “Can I help you?” I asked. “Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was shaky with age. “Are they from your garden?” Looking into his shabby bag, I saw mostly dirt, with a few carrots. “Yes,” His voice was soft and rough. “And I can get some apples from a tree in my yard. Would you like some of those too?” I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his produce. With a sigh, I gestured him in. “Please step inside and I’ll get my purse.” The next day, he knocked at our door again. This time Heidi, my generous little four-year-old, got there first. “Oh, hello. Would you like to come in for tea?” Without hesitating, the old man stepped inside and held out a basket with several apples resting at the bottom. “From my tree,” he said. “Thought you might like to make a pie.” There was no mistaking the depressed look in his eye. The three of us sat at the kitchen table, tasting cookies and sipping our tea, Heidi’s cup containing a much weaker version. Sheer delight in hosting a visitor was evident in her never- ending stream of questions. “What’s your name? Where do you live? Why are your clothes so dirty? Will your mother be mad at you?” The homeless- looking man chuckled (轻声笑) as he attempted to answer each question. His name was Mr Locket and he lived around the corner. His wife had passed away several years before, and his children all lived far away. He was lonely. His need for companionship had sent him door to door under the trick of selling fruit and vegetables. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Eventually, the cookies were gone and he struggled to his feet. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, the children excitedly awaited his visit. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$