精品解析：江西省丰城九中2022-2023学年下学期高一期末考试英语试题(含听力）

丰城九中2022-2023学年下学期高一期末考试卷 英 语 本试卷总分值为150分 考试时长为120分钟 考试范围：必修一——选择性必修一 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Professor and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the man want to go? A. To the History Museum. B. To the Donghu Park. C. To the City Library. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car? A. It is fast. B. It is cheap. C. It is convenient. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How many words does the man learn each week? A. Fifteen. B. Ten. C. Six. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A classmate. B. A workmate. C. A neighbor. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. When did the woman start to play the piano? A. At 5 years old. B. At 11 years old. C. At 16 years old. 7. Why did the man play a lot of sports? A. He never liked the guitar. B. He preferred playing sports. C. He didn’t have an instrument. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why is the woman flying to New York? A. To give a report. B. To meet a customer. C. To attend an exhibition. 9. Where will Paul go first? A. Mr. Smith’s house. B. The coffee shop. C. The home office. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where is the man going to have dinner on Friday night? A. At his mother’s place. B. At his sister’s place. C. At a restaurant. 11. When did the man’s sister move out? A. During high school. B. Right after high school. C. In her second year of college. 12. How often does the man usually see his sister? A. About once a week. B. About once a month. C. About once a year. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. In which year did the man start to volunteer? A. 2014. B. 2020. C. 2015. 14. Why did the man choose to volunteer after retirement? A. To find a good way to kill time. B. To put his experience and knowledge to use. C. To develop a new hobby. 15. What volunteer job is the man doing now? A. Being a guide. B. Offering food to the homeless. C. Teaching in local schools. 16. What does the man gain from volunteering? A. Free education. B. A sense of purpose. C. Love for life. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What might the speaker be? A. A resident. B. A fire fighter. C. A news reporter. 18. Where did the fire start? A. From a store. B. From a park. C. From an apartment building. 19. When did the fire happen? A. An hour ago. B. Late last night. C. Early last night. 20. How did the people of Battery Park sound? A. Frightened. B. Calm. C. Surprised. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the forest decreases, Africa has become overly dependent on several tree species. Fortunately, the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project is helping to stop this terrible trend. Choose from Kakum National Park, Shai Hills Resource Reserve or Mole National Park and make a vital contribution to environmental preservation in Ghana. Quick facts Programme: Volunteer Ghana Project Site: National parks & reserves Minimum Duration: 4 weeks Language Requirement: English Minimum Age: 18 Accommodations: 2 meals daily & Homestay Working Hours: 7 hours per day Start Dates: Every other Friday Your role as a volunteer You will help by maintaining the grounds, constructing or repairing park facilities and assisting with land management projects, as well as directing park visitors, promoting the park’s tourist appeal and raising awareness of environmental issues. Also help lower the rate of forest decrease and protect the biodiversity within Ghana’s national parks and reserves. Media-loved volunteers may also get involved in park projects related to video creation, photography and image arts. National parks and reserves volunteers typically work five days, from Monday to Friday. Working hours are from 8 a. m. until 3 p. m... However, schedules and exact duties may vary depending on the park you’re based at, your qualifications, and the time and duration of your stay. Journey to work National parks and reserves volunteers are placed with a host family living either in the park or in a village nearby. Contact us To get further information, please visit our website at www.uvolunteer.net. Join the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project to do your part for the environment in Ghana. 21 What does the project offer volunteers? A. Free trips across Ghana. B. Two meals every day. C A language course. D. A 4-week training. 22 What does a volunteer’s job involve? A. Helping ground management. B. Building more nature reserves. C. Introducing various tree species. D. Tearing down old park equipment. 23. What is the project intended to do? A. Stop animals from dying out. B. Protect Ghana’s environment. C. Keep the diversity of culture. D. Collect ecological information. B In 1999, John Smyth, a high-school teacher decided it was time to retire. Together with his wife Helen, he set off on a journey around Australia. But when they returned, John found he missed the classroom, so he spent another eight years doing casual teaching. Then he heard about a program known as Volunteers for Isolated Students’ Education (VISE), which pairs up energetic people with educational experience, usually retired teachers, with children whose schooling is largely done remotely, because they live too far away from towns and cities to attend regular schools. John grew up in the country and as a kid in the bush, he always dreamed of running with circus, but he didn’t even have much chance to see the circus in person. Therefore he was immediately interested in the program and got a travelling post as a teacher with Stardust Circus. The lesson timetable was built around the kid's performance schedules. “The eight-year-old I tutored was an awesome gymnast who was part of the teeterboard (跷跷板)act, ”he explains. “A big guy would jump on the other side, he would swing up in the air, do a couple of twirls(旋转) and land on his uncle’s shoulders. . . and his uncle was standing on the boy’s father’s shoulders!” The circus still includes some animal acts, including lions, monkeys, horses, goats and pigs. John and his wife Helen found it extraordinary enough to sink into sleep to the sound of lions roaring, but one day the lion-trainer, Matt, gave him a very special privilege, inviting him in to meet four 13-month-old lions in person. While it was understandably a little scary at first, for John it was a never-to-be-forgotten experience, which helped him realize his boyhood dream in his 75th year. 24. Why did John Smyth stay in the Stardust Circus? A. To run the circus. B. To live far from towns. C. To educate the children. D. To conduct a program. 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. Teachers of the VISE program live too far away. B. Children in the circus are taught at fixed time. C. John instructed the gymnast’s performance of swinging in the air. D. The couple enjoyed sleeping with the sound of lions roaring. 26. Which word best describes John’s experience of meeting the little lions? A. Scary. B. Upsetting. C. Boring. D. Memorable. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Working for a Living B. Returning to School C. Running with the Circus D. Travelling with Animals C Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she’s doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen on most college campuses. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day, and the students I used to see there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who flips through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work—it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it. It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a straight-A student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about fifty minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their secret to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work accomplished = time spent × intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time. 28. Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly. C. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. D. Alice and Sara are sitting on the couch reading their favorite books. 29. Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they ________. A. want to spend more time on study B. are eager to follow their friends’ way C. have got used to their study approach D. are unaware of their pseudo-working 30. What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5? A. Possible. B. Best. C. Least. D. Accurate. 31. What does the author want to stress by mentioning the formula? A. The length of time on study counts. B. Concentration plays a key role in study. C. Getting work done quickly means everything. D. Effective study approach is very important. D The stomach is an extremely strong organ, full of acid to break down each meal. In order to prevent this acid from burning a hole in our stomachs and damaging other organs, our stomach lining is specially adapted to contain the acid safely. H. pylori are able to live in the stomach by living in the lining, safe from harsh stomach acid. These bacteria are actually pretty common in people, approximately a third of Australians have H. pylori in their bodies, but not all have symptoms. The bacteria can eventually create infection in stomach lining, a condition known as gastritis (胃炎）, by wearing away the lining and allowing stomach acid to burn away stomach tissue, causing painful ulcers (溃疡）。 Up until the 1980s, it was thought that bacteria could not survive in stomach acid. The cause of stomach ulcers was due to lifestyle choices: stress, smoking, spicy foods; the stomach acid was breaking through the lining on its own. This belief was first questioned in 1979 by Robin Warren, an Australian pathologist, who found bacteria on a microscope slide containing the stomach lining of a patient with gastritis. In the years that followed Warren continued his research. Warren then teamed up with Barry Marshall in 1981 and the two continued with the research, trying to separate the mystery bacteria and find a cure. Over the next three years, they tested their theories with some positive results, however the idea that bacteria could be the cause of gastritis was not widely accepted or even acknowledged. Finally, fed up with being ignored and confident in his findings, Barry Marshall decided to test on himself. He infected himself with H. pylori and soon developed gastritis and terrible stomach ulcers. Marshall then began to cure himself by taking a dose of antibiotics (抗生素）. This once and for all proved not only that bacteria could grow in stomach acid, but it could also cause gastritis and stomach ulcers. Eventually, the world fully acknowledged Warren and Marshall's huge contribution to science and medicine and the two were awarded the Nobel prize in Medicine in 2005. Twenty-six years after Robin Warren first began his research. 32. Why did the academics initially refuse to accept that H. pylori caused gastritis? A. Lifestyle choices caused stomach ulcers. B. Stomach acid could break through the lining on its own. C. They thought that bacteria couldn't survive in the stomach. D. The Australian pathologist Robin Warren provided no evidence. 33. How did Barry Marshall prove that H. pylori caused gastritis? A. Choosing unhealthy lifestyles. B. Introducing H. pylori to his own stomach. C. Finding the bacteria on stomach lining. D. Growing H. pylori in the lab. 34. What can we infer from the text? A. Scientific progress takes time. B. Science guides medical practices. C. Warren is not a productive scientist. D. Only Marshall deserves the prize. 35. The text is most likely written to . A. Chemists B. Patients C. Researchers D. The general public 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) . 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____36____ Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon(表情符号)at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement. I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way. ____37____ Our children will wonder: What is a keyboard? We will enter the age of the ”brain net". Medicine will develop fast, too. ____38____, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. We won’t fear it like we used to. Technology will help in this respect. ____39____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically. ____40____. By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs(器官)of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, well replace them. That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it. A. We will do a few tests B People will live an easy life C. We will have cured certain forms of cancer D. Brain science will have changed communication E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment 第三部分： 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) When I was in third grade, my family moved from a house in the sticks to a house in town. My parents sold the first house ____41____ they bought the second, so we had about three months when we were ____42____. During those three months, a family friend ____43____ us their very small fishing cabin right next to what we called the canal. The cabin had one bedroom, a small living room, a(n) ____44____ kitchen, and a foyer (休息室) where my brother and I slept in a bunk bed. It was a ____45____ time for my parents. All of our routines were upended. But ____46____, I loved it. I loved the bunk bed, where I ____47____ my brother was right above me, close enough for me to reach up and ____48____ if needed. I loved the small kitchen, where my mother would cook and I would read aloud to her. I loved that there were no other ____49____ anywhere nearby, so my brother had to play with me. I loved the games that we found in the cabin. I loved that as I went to sleep at night, the light from the living room and the ____50____ of my father watching TV were just a few feet away. In that period of disruption, I loved the closeness that our small cabin ____51____ us. In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends. I couldn’t have ____52____ to share a bedroom with him. In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have been allowed to ____53____ late enough to hear my father watching TV. ____54____ my parents found a new house and we moved into it. It was bigger than our old house and much bigger than the cabin. But I mourned the loss of the cabin and, particularly, the loss of the ____55____. 41. A. when B. until C. before D. after 42. A. houseless B. jobless C. helpless D. speechless 43. A. awarded B. showed C. returned D. offered 44. A. spacious B. tiny C. efficient D. unique 45. A. precious B. happy C. stressful D. remarkable 46. A. secretly B. desperately C. apparently D. occasionally 47. A. witnessed B. realized C. expected D. knew 48. A. attack B. touch C. generate D. hold 49. A. kids B. neighbors C. classmates D. relatives 50. A. vision B. laughter C. sound D. argument 51. A. relied upon B. came upon C. called upon D. forced upon 52. A. decided B. requested C. refused D. accompanied 53. A. warm up B. get up C. stay up D. grow up 54 A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Urgently 55. A. closeness B. games C. friends D. quietness 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am sure, you know something about Taichi. The fluid ____56____ (combine) of slow, graceful movements and lightning- quick strikes easily sets Taichi apart from other martial arts. The ____57____ (early) traceable (可追溯的)origin of Taichi dates back to mid-seventeenth century in Central China’s Henan province, home to its first great popularizer, ____58____ Ming dynasty general, Chen Wangting (1597-1664). In modern times, Taichi has become popular among Chinese of all ages. Taichi, ____59____ ( influence) by Daoist and Confucian thought, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, builds upon theories of body energies, the yin and yang cycle ____60____ the unity of heaven, earth and man. ____61____ (like) other aggressive Kong fu, it focuses on internal development, and is characterized by posture, breath regulation and concentration. The Diagram of Taichi, or the black and white, teardrop-shaped diagram of yin and yang, was from ____62____ (observe) shadows which were cast t on a sundial (日晷) at midday throughout the year. ____63____ are known as important aspects of the traditional Chinese calendar, such as holidays, seasonal divisions, and the 24 solar terms, came from these astronomical observations. In 2020, Taichi ____64____ (add) to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. And since then, more and more foreign friends _____65_____ (fall) in love with this traditional Chinese martial art. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达 (15分) 66. 假设你校开展了一系列劳动实践课程，包括蔬菜种植、手工制作、家电维修等等。请你写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：1. 你喜爱的课程；2. 你的心得体会；3. 对课程的建议。 My Favorite Hands-on Course ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：读后续写(25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Many years ago, when I was a young man in my twenties, I worked as a salesman for a St. Louis piano company. Every time we would advertise in Southeast Missouri, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” The old lady scrawled on and on and on that postcard until she filled it up. Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards. One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to look the old lady up: The old lady lived in a small and dirty house in the middle of a cotton field. There were chickens in the house. Obviously, the old lady could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit. Her little granddaughter was about 10, barefoot. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. However, she still sent us the same postcard every six weeks. A couple of years later, I owned my own piano company, and when I advertised in that area, the postcards started coming to me. For months, I ignored them. But then, one day, despite knowing that I was about to make a terrible business decision, I delivered the piano to the old lady and told her I would carry the contract myself at $10 a month with no interest, and that would mean 52 payments. I took the new piano in the house and placed it where I thought the roof would be least likely to rain on it. It old her and the little girl to try to keep the chickens off of it, and I left — sure I had just thrown away a new piano. But the payments came in, all 52 of them as agreed — sometimes with coins taped to a 3×5inch card in the envelope. It was incredible! So, I put the incident out of my mind for 20 years. 注意 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Then one day, as I was sitting at the bar having an after-dinner drink, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: She told me her name was Elise and since her grandmother couldn’t afford to pay for lessons, she had learned to play by listening to the radio. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$请看听力部分第一节，第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例如，现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。你将听到以下内容。Excuse me, can you tell me how much the shirt is? Yes, it's nine fifteen. 你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案标在试卷上。衬衫的价格为九磅15便士，所以你选择C项并将其标在试卷上。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off? I hope so. I haven't finished my report yet. Excuse me, does this bus go to the history museum? Yes, you can get off at the door hoo park and walk straight until you see the city library. The museum is just opposite the library. How will you go to shanghai? I prefer to take the train to save money. What about you by car? We needn't bothered to Carry luggage. What are you learning in english class right now? Well, we have to learn the meanings of ten words each week, and we are going to read a shakespeare play for the next six weeks. Oh, we learn five more words than you. Chris, did you hear that drama hudson is leaving? really? Where did you hear that? SHE told me that he is leaving next month. I have to say i'm not surprised. I didn't think he was very happy working here. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Your guitar playing sounds beautiful. You must have played for a long time. Actually, i've only taken guitar lessons for a year. I played the piano since I was five years old, until last year when I turned sixteen. But I always wanted a guitar and I finally got one for my birthday. I played everyday since then. That's great. I always wanted to have a guitar, but I never did. Neither of my parents plays music, so they didn't think of getting me a musical instrument. I played a lot of sports instead. Your guitar playing sounds beautiful. You must have played for a long time. Actually, i've only taken guitar lessons for a year. I played the piano since I was five years old, until last year when I turned sixteen. But I always wanted a guitar and I finally got one for my birthday. I've played everyday since then. That's great. I always wanted to have a guitar, but I never did. Neither of my parents plays music, so they didn't think of getting me a musical instrument. I played a lot of sports instead. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hey, paul, I hear that you'll take the plane at two P. M. To attend the exhibition in new york. Yeah. well, i'm going to visit a customer there today, and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport? I'm afraid I can't. I have to take this report to mr. Smith at the home office before his meeting at ten AM. So I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you'd like, I could meet you at the airport. In that case, how about meeting at twelve to have lunch together before our flight? That sounds like a plan. I'll see you in the coffee shop at noon. Okay. okay, see you then. Hey, paul, I hear that you'll take the plane at two P. M. To attend the exhibition in new york. Yeah. well, i'm going to visit a customer there today, and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport? I'm afraid I can't. I have to take this report to mr. Smith at the home office before his meeting at ten AM. So I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you'd like, I could meet you at the airport. In that case, how about meeting at twelve to have lunch together before our flight? That sounds like a plan. I'll see you in the coffee shop at noon. Okay. okay, see you then. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。What are you going to do on friday night? Oh, i'm going to have dinner with my mother, and my sister . sounds lovely. Are you going to a restaurant? No, my mother prefers cooking at home, so we are going to eat at her place. her place. You don't live with your mother anymore. No, I moved out during my second year of college, and my sister left, right after he graduated from high school. Okay, so how often do you all meet up back at your mothers about once? Some of. But I was too busy with school last month, so I haven't seen my mother for two months. What about your sister? Do you see her more often? Not really. She's usually pretty busy at work, so we only see each other at my mother's. What are you going to do on friday night? Oh, i'm going to have dinner with my mother, and my sister . sounds lovely. Are you going to a restaurant? No, my mother prefers cooking at home, so we are going to eat at her place. her place. You don't live with your mother anymore. No, I moved out during my second year of college, and my sister left, right after he graduated from high school. Okay, so how often do you all meet up back at your mothers . about once a month? But I was too busy with school last month, so I haven't seen my mother for two months. What about your sister? Do you see her more often? Not really. She's usually pretty busy at work, so we only see each other at my mothers. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Good evening, David. I'm so glad to have you. Here is my pleasure. When did you start to volunteer? When I retired in two thousand and fourteen, I found myself with more time to spare, and I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year. There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older. We can start new hobbies. We can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer? You know, there's always someone out there that needs your help. And seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use. I can't agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering? absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the united states last year alone. What volunteer activities do you participate in? I used to offer food to the homeless at the food back, but now i'm doing teaching in local schools. What do you get from volunteering? I gain a sense of purpose. IT just feels good to be needed. Thank you again, David. You're welcome, and thank you for inviting me to the show. Good evening, David. I'm so glad to have you. Here is my pleasure. When did you start to volunteer? When I retired in two thousand fourteen, I found myself with more time to spare, and I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year. There are many ways we can occupy ourselves. As we get older, we can start new hobbies. We can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer? You know, there's always someone out there that needs your help. And seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use. I can't agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering? absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the united states last year alone. What volunteer activities do you participate in? I used to offer food to the homeless at the food bag, but now i'm doing teaching in local schools. What do you get from volunteering? I gain a sense of purpose. IT just feels good to be needed. Thank you again, David. You're welcome, and thank you for inviting me to the show. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Thank you, ron. I am Kitty gill. Here, at the corner of Green wood and pine, where the head of the fire can still be felt someone hundred feet away, the fire is said to have started inside the local store, and IT has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings as we speak, firefighters and the police are helping those who could not make IT outside without assistance. Though many seem to be safe, there is not much relief left to the people of battery park. According to the fire department, the fire began early last night after the Bakery closed. There seems to be a problem with the water system in the area, and IT is stopping the fire prevention system from turning on. Many have come from local areas with food and water to help. As far as we know, no one has been injured yet by the fire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago, but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes, they do not feel calm. This will be in August that the people of battery park will not forget any time. Now back to you in the studio. Thank you, ron. I am Kitty gill. Here, at the corner of Green woods and pine, where the heat of the fire can still be felt someone hundred feet away, the fire is said to have started inside the local store, and IT has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings as we speak, firefighters and the police are helping those who could not make IT outside without assistance. Though many seem to be safe, there is not much relief left to the people of battery park. According to the fire department, the fire began early last night after the Bakery closed. There seems to be a problem with the water system in the area, and IT is stopping the fire prevention system from turning on. Many have come from local areas with food and water to help. As far as we know, no one has been injured yet by the fire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago, but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes, they do not feel calm. This will be in August that the people of battery park will not forget any time. Now back to you in the studio. 第二节到此结束。 丰城九中2022-2023学年下学期高一期末考试卷 英 语 本试卷总分值为150分 考试时长为120分钟 考试范围：必修一——选择性必修一 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Professor and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off? M: I hope so. I haven’t finished my report yet. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the man want to go? A. To the History Museum. B. To the Donghu Park. C. To the City Library. 【答案】A 【解析】 原文】M: Excuse me. Does this bus go to the History Museum? W: Yes. You can get off at the Donghu Park and walk straight until you see the City Library. The museum is just opposite the library. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car? A. It is fast. B. It is cheap. C. It is convenient. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: How will you go to Shanghai? M: I prefer to take the train to save money. What about you? W: By car. We needn’t bother to carry luggage. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How many words does the man learn each week? A. Fifteen. B. Ten. C. Six. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: What are you learning in English class right now? W: Well, we have to learn the meanings of ten words each week. And were going to read a Shakespeare’s play for the next six weeks. M: Oh, we learn five more words than you. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A classmate. B. A workmate. C. A neighbor. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Kris, did you hear that Gemma Hudson is leaving? M: Really? Where did you hear that? W: She told me that she’s leaving next month. M: I have to say I'm not surprised. I didn’t think she was very happy working here. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. When did the woman start to play the piano? A. At 5 years old. B. At 11 years old. C. At 16 years old. 7. Why did the man play a lot of sports? A. He never liked the guitar. B. He preferred playing sports. C. He didn’t have an instrument. 【答案】6. A 7. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Your guitar playing sounds beautiful. You must have played for a long time. W: Actually, I’ve only taken guitar lessons for a year. I played the piano since I was five years old until last year when I turned sixteen. But I always wanted a guitar, and I finally got one for my birthday. I’ve played every day since then! M: That’s great! I always wanted to have a guitar, but I never did. Neither of my parents plays music. So they didn’t think of getting me a musical instrument. I played a lot of sports instead. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why is the woman flying to New York? A. To give a report. B. To meet a customer. C. To attend an exhibition. 9. Where will Paul go first? A. Mr. Smith’s house. B. The coffee shop. C. The home office. 【答案】8. B 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Paul. I hear that you’ll take the plane at 2 pm to attend the exhibition in New York M: Yeah. W: Well, I’m going to visit a customer there today and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport? M: I’m afraid I can’t. I have to take this report to Mr. Smith at the home office before his meeting at 10 am, so I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you’d like, I could meet you at the airport. W: In that case, how about meeting at 12:00 to have lunch together before our flight? M: That sounds like a plan. I’ll see you in the coffee shop at noon, OK? W: OK. See you then. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where is the man going to have dinner on Friday night? A. At his mother’s place. B. At his sister’s place. C. At a restaurant. 11. When did the man’s sister move out? A. During high school. B. Right after high school. C. In her second year of college. 12. How often does the man usually see his sister? A. About once a week. B. About once a month. C. About once a year. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: What are you going to do on Friday night? M: Oh, I’m going to have dinner with my mother and my sister. W: Sounds lovely! Are you going to a restaurant? M: No. My mother prefers cooking at home, so we’re going to eat at her place. W: Her place? You don’t live with your mother anymore? M: No. I moved out during my second year of college and my sister left right after she graduated from high school. W: OK. So how often do you all meet up back at your mothers? M: About once a month. But I was too busy with school last month, so I haven’t seen my mother for two months. W: What about your sister? Do you see her more often? M: Not really. She’s usually pretty busy at work so we only see each other at my mother’s. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. In which year did the man start to volunteer? A. 2014. B. 2020. C. 2015. 14. Why did the man choose to volunteer after retirement? A. To find a good way to kill time. B. To put his experience and knowledge to use. C. To develop a new hobby. 15. What volunteer job is the man doing now? A. Being a guide. B. Offering food to the homeless. C. Teaching in local schools. 16. What does the man gain from volunteering? A. Free education. B. A sense of purpose. C. Love for life. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Good evening, David. I’m so glad to have you here. M: It’s my pleasure. W: When did you start to volunteer? M: When I retired in 2014, I found myself with more time to spare and I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year. W: There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older. We can start new hobbies; we can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer? M: You know there’s always someone out there that needs your help and seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use. W: I can’t agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering? M: Absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the United States last year alone. W: What volunteer activities do you participate in? M: I used to offer food to the homeless at the Food Bank. But now I’m doing teaching in local schools. W: What do you get from volunteering? M: I gain a sense of purpose. It just feels good to be needed. W:Thank you again, David. M: You’re welcome. And thank you for inviting me to the show. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What might the speaker be? A. A resident. B. A fire fighter. C. A news reporter. 18. Where did the fire start? A. From a store. B. From a park. C. From an apartment building. 19. When did the fire happen? A. An hour ago. B. Late last night. C. Early last night. 20. How did the people of Battery Park sound? A. Frightened. B. Calm. C. Surprised. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Thank you Ron. I’m Katie Gill here at the corner of Greenwood and Pine where the heat of the fire can still be felt some 100 feet away. The fire is said to have started inside the local store and it has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings. As we speak fire fighters and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance. Though many seem to be safe, there is not much relief left to the people of Battery Park. According to the fire department, the fire began early last night after the bakery closed. There seems to be a problem with the water system in the area and it is stopping the fire prevention system from turning on. Many have come from local areas with food and water to help. As far as we know, no one has been injured yet by the fire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago, but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes, they do not feel calm. This will be an August that the people of Battery Park will not forget any time. Now back to you in the studio. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the forest decreases, Africa has become overly dependent on several tree species. Fortunately, the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project is helping to stop this terrible trend. Choose from Kakum National Park, Shai Hills Resource Reserve or Mole National Park and make a vital contribution to environmental preservation in Ghana. Quick facts Programme: Volunteer Ghana Project Site: National parks & reserves Minimum Duration: 4 weeks Language Requirement: English Minimum Age: 18 Accommodations: 2 meals daily & Homestay Working Hours: 7 hours per day Start Dates: Every other Friday Your role as a volunteer You will help by maintaining the grounds, constructing or repairing park facilities and assisting with land management projects, as well as directing park visitors, promoting the park’s tourist appeal and raising awareness of environmental issues. Also help lower the rate of forest decrease and protect the biodiversity within Ghana’s national parks and reserves. Media-loved volunteers may also get involved in park projects related to video creation, photography and image arts. National parks and reserves volunteers typically work five days, from Monday to Friday. Working hours are from 8 a. m. until 3 p. m... However, schedules and exact duties may vary depending on the park you’re based at, your qualifications, and the time and duration of your stay. Journey to work National parks and reserves volunteers are placed with a host family living either in the park or in a village nearby. Contact us To get further information, please visit our website at www.uvolunteer.net. Join the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project to do your part for the environment in Ghana. 21. What does the project offer volunteers? A. Free trips across Ghana. B. Two meals every day. C. A language course. D. A 4-week training. 22. What does a volunteer’s job involve? A. Helping ground management. B Building more nature reserves. C. Introducing various tree species. D. Tearing down old park equipment. 23. What is the project intended to do? A. Stop animals from dying out. B. Protect Ghana’s environment. C. Keep the diversity of culture. D. Collect ecological information. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为保护生态环境，加纳招募志愿者的相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题Quick facts之下的“Accommodations: 2 meals daily & Homestay”（住宿：每天两顿饭和寄宿家庭）可知，该项目为志愿者提供了每天两餐饭。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题Your role as a volunteer下第一段“You will help by maintaining the grounds, constructing or repairing park facilities and assisting with land management projects, as well as directing park visitors, promoting the park’s tourist appeal and raising awareness of environmental issues.”（您将通过维护场地、建造或修复公园设施、协助土地管理项目、指导公园游客、促进公园的游客吸引力和提高对环境问题的认识来提供帮助。）可知，志愿者的工作包括帮助维护地面管理。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题Contact us下的“Join the Volunteer National Parks and Reserves Project to do your part for the environment in Ghana.”（加入志愿者国家公园和保护区项目，为加纳的环境尽自己的一份力量。）可知，这个项目的目的是保护加纳的环境。故选B项。 B In 1999, John Smyth, a high-school teacher decided it was time to retire. Together with his wife Helen, he set off on a journey around Australia. But when they returned, John found he missed the classroom, so he spent another eight years doing casual teaching. Then he heard about a program known as Volunteers for Isolated Students’ Education (VISE), which pairs up energetic people with educational experience, usually retired teachers, with children whose schooling is largely done remotely, because they live too far away from towns and cities to attend regular schools. John grew up in the country and as a kid in the bush, he always dreamed of running with circus, but he didn’t even have much chance to see the circus in person. Therefore he was immediately interested in the program and got a travelling post as a teacher with Stardust Circus. The lesson timetable was built around the kid's performance schedules. “The eight-year-old I tutored was an awesome gymnast who was part of the teeterboard (跷跷板)act, ”he explains. “A big guy would jump on the other side, he would swing up in the air, do a couple of twirls(旋转) and land on his uncle’s shoulders. . . and his uncle was standing on the boy’s father’s shoulders!” The circus still includes some animal acts, including lions, monkeys, horses, goats and pigs. John and his wife Helen found it extraordinary enough to sink into sleep to the sound of lions roaring, but one day the lion-trainer, Matt, gave him a very special privilege, inviting him in to meet four 13-month-old lions in person. While it was understandably a little scary at first, for John it was a never-to-be-forgotten experience, which helped him realize his boyhood dream in his 75th year. 24. Why did John Smyth stay in the Stardust Circus? A To run the circus. B. To live far from towns. C. To educate the children. D. To conduct a program. 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. Teachers of the VISE program live too far away. B. Children in the circus are taught at fixed time. C. John instructed the gymnast’s performance of swinging in the air. D. The couple enjoyed sleeping with the sound of lions roaring. 26. Which word best describes John’s experience of meeting the little lions? A. Scary. B. Upsetting. C. Boring. D. Memorable. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Working for a Living B. Returning to School C. Running with the Circus D. Travelling with Animals 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。John参加了VISE项目，在马戏团义务教授孩子的同时也免费观看了梦寐以求的马戏表演，过上了有意义且有趣的生活。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Therefore he was immediately interested in the program and got a travelling post as a teacher with Stardust Circus. (因此，他立即对该计划产生了兴趣，并获得了星尘马戏团旅行教师职位。)”可知，John在听说了项目VISE后很感兴趣，并以一名老师的身份跟随马戏团，对那里的孩子进行授课。故选C项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“John and his wife Helen found it extraordinary enough to sink into sleep to the sound of lions roaring, but one day the lion-trainer, Matt, gave him a very special privilege, inviting him in to meet four 13-month-old lions in person.(约翰和他的妻子海伦觉得在狮子咆哮的声音中入睡是很不寻常的，但有一天，驯狮师马特给了他一个非常特殊的特权，邀请他亲自去见四只13个月大的狮子。)”可知，John与妻子都很享受伴着狮声人睡。故选D项。 26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“While it was understandably a little scary at first, for John it was a never-to-be-forgotten experience, which helped him realize his boyhood dream in his 75th year. (虽然一开始有点吓人是可以理解的，但对约翰来说，这是一次永远不会忘记的经历，这帮助他75岁时实现了儿时的梦想。)”可知，John见到小狮子时，有一点害怕，但这对John来说，是一次无法忘怀的经历，帮助他实现了从儿时的梦想。故选D项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，John在退休之后来到马戏团义务教授孩子的同时也免费观看了梦寐以求的马戏表演，过上了有意义且有趣的生活。因此C项“和马戏团一起跑”概括了本文内容，适合本文内容，适合作本文的标题。故选C项。 C Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she’s doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen on most college campuses. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day, and the students I used to see there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who flips through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work—it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it. It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a straight-A student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about fifty minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their secret to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work accomplished = time spent × intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time. 28. Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly. C. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. D. Alice and Sara are sitting on the couch reading their favorite books. 29. Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they ________. A. want to spend more time on study B. are eager to follow their friends’ way C. have got used to their study approach D. are unaware of their pseudo-working 30. What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5? A. Possible. B. Best. C. Least. D. Accurate. 31. What does the author want to stress by mentioning the formula? A. The length of time on study counts. B. Concentration plays a key role in study. C. Getting work done quickly means everything. D. Effective study approach is very important. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大学中伪工作的普遍现象，并介绍了伪工作者和全优学生的区别。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she’s doesn’t actually accomplish much.(伪工作者看起来和感觉都像是一个努力工作的人——他或她在图书馆待很长时间，不怕坚持到深夜——但是，由于缺乏注意力和专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就。)”可知，伪工作者看似很努力，会花很多时间做事，但缺乏注意力和专注力，效率不高，再结合选项可推测出，杰克在图书馆花大量时间做论文的同时听音乐。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(这里更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪工作。)”可知，与全优学生相比，大多数学生的主要问题是他们没有意识到自己在伪工作。故选D。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“In fact, the most important skill in becoming a straight-A student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort.(事实上，成为一名全优学生最重要的技能是能够以最少的浪费精力快速完成工作。)”可知，全优学生会浪费最少的精力快速完成工作，由此可推测出，他们学习效率很高，会在最少的时间里尽量快速完成工作。根据画线词前的“about fifty minutes”和画线词后的“learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit”可知，这里表示大约50分钟是最佳的学习时间，能够最大化学习效率，optimal意为“最佳的”，与best意思最接近。故选B。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“To understand their secret to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work accomplished = time spent × intensity of focus.(为了理解他们成功的秘诀，可以考虑以下简单的公式：完成的工作=花费的时间×专注的强度。)”和最后一段中的“The straight-A approach on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.(另一方面，为了使用更少的时间，全有学生会增加注意力集中强度。)”可知，完成的工作=花费的时间×专注的强度，在工作量不变的情况下，要想少花时间，就要增加专注强度，而全优学生就会增加注意力集中强度来减少时间，由此可推测出，作者通过这个公式是想强调专注力在学习中起着重要作用。故选B。 D The stomach is an extremely strong organ, full of acid to break down each meal. In order to prevent this acid from burning a hole in our stomachs and damaging other organs, our stomach lining is specially adapted to contain the acid safely. H. pylori are able to live in the stomach by living in the lining, safe from harsh stomach acid. These bacteria are actually pretty common in people, approximately a third of Australians have H. pylori in their bodies, but not all have symptoms. The bacteria can eventually create infection in stomach lining, a condition known as gastritis (胃炎）, by wearing away the lining and allowing stomach acid to burn away stomach tissue, causing painful ulcers (溃疡）。 Up until the 1980s, it was thought that bacteria could not survive in stomach acid. The cause of stomach ulcers was due to lifestyle choices: stress, smoking, spicy foods; the stomach acid was breaking through the lining on its own. This belief was first questioned in 1979 by Robin Warren, an Australian pathologist, who found bacteria on a microscope slide containing the stomach lining of a patient with gastritis. In the years that followed Warren continued his research. Warren then teamed up with Barry Marshall in 1981 and the two continued with the research, trying to separate the mystery bacteria and find a cure. Over the next three years, they tested their theories with some positive results, however the idea that bacteria could be the cause of gastritis was not widely accepted or even acknowledged. Finally, fed up with being ignored and confident in his findings, Barry Marshall decided to test on himself. He infected himself with H. pylori and soon developed gastritis and terrible stomach ulcers. Marshall then began to cure himself by taking a dose of antibiotics (抗生素）. This once and for all proved not only that bacteria could grow in stomach acid, but it could also cause gastritis and stomach ulcers. Eventually, the world fully acknowledged Warren and Marshall's huge contribution to science and medicine and the two were awarded the Nobel prize in Medicine in 2005. Twenty-six years after Robin Warren first began his research. 32. Why did the academics initially refuse to accept that H. pylori caused gastritis? A. Lifestyle choices caused stomach ulcers. B. Stomach acid could break through the lining on its own. C. They thought that bacteria couldn't survive in the stomach. D. The Australian pathologist Robin Warren provided no evidence. 33. How did Barry Marshall prove that H. pylori caused gastritis? A. Choosing unhealthy lifestyles. B. Introducing H. pylori to his own stomach. C. Finding the bacteria on stomach lining. D. Growing H. pylori in the lab. 34. What can we infer from the text? A. Scientific progress takes time. B. Science guides medical practices. C. Warren is not a productive scientist. D. Only Marshall deserves the prize. 35. The text is most likely written to . A. Chemists B. Patients C. Researchers D. The general public 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的Up until the 1980s, it was thought that bacteria could not survive in stomach acid.(直到20世纪80年代，人们一直认为细菌在胃酸中无法生存。)可知，学者们最初拒绝接受幽门螺杆菌引起胃炎是因为他们认为细菌在胃酸里无法生存。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Finally, fed up with being ignored and confident in his findings, Barry Marshall decided to test on himself.He infected himself with H. pylori and soon developed gastritis and terrible stomach ulcers.和下文内容可知，受够了被忽视和对他的发现充满信心，巴里·马歇尔决定亲自进行测试，他感染了幽门螺杆菌，很快就发展成胃炎和可怕的胃溃疡。因此可知，巴里·马歇尔让幽门螺杆菌进入了自己的胃，最后患了胃炎和胃溃疡，来证明幽门螺杆菌引起胃炎。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，最终，世界完全承认沃伦和马歇尔对科学和医学的巨大贡献，两人于2005年被授予诺贝尔医学奖。罗宾首次开始他的研究后26年。因此推断科学发展需要时间。故选A。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。文章介绍了两位科学家对幽门螺旋杆菌的研究历程以及结论,是一篇科普文章。科普文章的受众是 the general public(普通大众)，故选D。 【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer, suggest, imply, conclude, indicate等标志性词语。这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。推理判断题。文章介绍了两位科学家对幽门螺旋杆菌的研究历程以及结论,是一篇科普文章。科普文章的受众是 the general public(普通大众)，故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) . 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____36____ Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon(表情符号)at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement. I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way. ____37____ Our children will wonder: What is a keyboard? We will enter the age of the ”brain net". Medicine will develop fast, too. ____38____, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. We won’t fear it like we used to. Technology will help in this respect. ____39____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically. ____40____. By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs(器官)of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, well replace them. That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it. A. We will do a few tests B. People will live an easy life C. We will have cured certain forms of cancer D. Brain science will have changed communication E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。从几个方面讲述了未来的生活。 【36题详解】 根据下文“Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.（不再在每句话的末尾加上表情符号，他们会直接使用感情交流：比如说生气、开心和激动。）”可知，空后提出了未来的交流方式，故D项“脑科学将会改变交流的方式。”符合，空后说明具体的直接情感交流的方式，故选D项。 【37题详解】 根据本段首句“I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really.（真的，我说的是心灵感应。）”可知，本段主要介绍了未来通过心灵感应来交流的方式。且空前“We’ll still communicate the traditional way.”（我们仍然会用传统的方式交流。）可知，此空与空前构成转折关系，故F项“但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会”符合，尽管我们会用传统的方式交流，但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会，故选F项。 【38题详解】 根据本段首句内容“Medicine will develop fast, too.”（医疗也会得到快速的发展。）可知，本段主要介绍未来医疗方面的发展。根据下文“and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly.”（并且我们会像对待常见的感冒一样对待癌症，我们会和它一起生活，它也不再是致命的。）可知，空处应承接前文，讲述医疗的发展对我们的好处。选项C.“我们将治愈某些癌症”，符合题意，故选C。 【39题详解】 根据空前“Technology will help in this respect.”（科技在这方面能起到一定的作用。）空后“Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells.”（智能马桶能通过液体活检来发现尿液中含有的癌细胞。）可知，空前提到科技在医疗方面会有所帮助，空后举出具体的例子，故G项“我们的衣服会发现心脏病的开始，并建议我们去治疗。”符合，举出另一个相关的例子，故选G项。 【40题详解】 根据空后“By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them.”（到2050年，我认为我们将能够生长很多重要的器官，而不再是任由我们的器官变旧变虚弱，我们可以自行替代这些旧的器官。）可知，本段主要讲述在未来我们可以自己生长器官，故E项“我们已经可以能通过细胞来生长皮肤、鼻子、耳朵等等。”符合，故选E项。 第三部分： 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) When I was in third grade, my family moved from a house in the sticks to a house in town. My parents sold the first house ____41____ they bought the second, so we had about three months when we were ____42____. During those three months, a family friend ____43____ us their very small fishing cabin right next to what we called the canal. The cabin had one bedroom, a small living room, a(n) ____44____ kitchen, and a foyer (休息室) where my brother and I slept in a bunk bed. It was a ____45____ time for my parents. All of our routines were upended. But ____46____, I loved it. I loved the bunk bed, where I ____47____ my brother was right above me, close enough for me to reach up and ____48____ if needed. I loved the small kitchen, where my mother would cook and I would read aloud to her. I loved that there were no other ____49____ anywhere nearby, so my brother had to play with me. I loved the games that we found in the cabin. I loved that as I went to sleep at night, the light from the living room and the ____50____ of my father watching TV were just a few feet away. In that period of disruption, I loved the closeness that our small cabin ____51____ us. In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends. I couldn’t have ____52____ to share a bedroom with him. In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have been allowed to ____53____ late enough to hear my father watching TV. ____54____ my parents found a new house and we moved into it. It was bigger than our old house and much bigger than the cabin. But I mourned the loss of the cabin and, particularly, the loss of the ____55____. 41. A. when B. until C. before D. after 42. A. houseless B. jobless C. helpless D. speechless 43. A. awarded B. showed C. returned D. offered 44. A. spacious B. tiny C. efficient D. unique 45. A. precious B. happy C. stressful D. remarkable 46. A. secretly B. desperately C. apparently D. occasionally 47. A. witnessed B. realized C. expected D. knew 48. A. attack B. touch C. generate D. hold 49. A. kids B. neighbors C. classmates D. relatives 50. A. vision B. laughter C. sound D. argument 51. A. relied upon B. came upon C. called upon D. forced upon 52. A. decided B. requested C. refused D. accompanied 53. A. warm up B. get up C. stay up D. grow up 54. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Urgently 55. A. closeness B. games C. friends D. quietness 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者三年级时家庭搬家的经历，讲述了在临时居住的小木屋中度过的三个月时光。 【41题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：父母在买第二套房之前卖掉了第一套房，所以我们有大约三个月的时间无房可住。A. when当……时候；B. until直到；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据下文“During those three months, a family friend ____3____ us their very small fishing cabin right next to what we called the canal.”可知，作者的父母在买下第二套房子之前卖掉了第一套房子。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. houseless无房可住的；B. jobless失业的；C. helpless无助的；D. speechless说不出话的。根据上文“My parents sold the first house ____1____ they bought the second”可知，在买下第二套房子之前卖掉了第一套房子，所以有大约三个月的时间没有房子住。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那三个月里，一位家庭朋友把他们紧邻我们称为运河的极小钓鱼木屋借给了我们。A. awarded授予；B. showed展示；C. returned返回；D. offered提供。根据下文“their very small fishing cabin”可知，一位家庭朋友把他们的极小钓鱼木屋借给了作者一家。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小木屋有一间卧室、一个小客厅、一个狭小的厨房，还有一个休息室，我和哥哥在那里的双层床上睡觉。A. spacious宽敞的；B. tiny极小的；C. efficient高效的；D. unique独特的。上文提到“very small fishing cabin”，且厨房与卧室、客厅并列描述，应保持一致的小的特点。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对父母来说，那是一段充满压力的时光。A. precious珍贵的；B. happy快乐的；C. stressful有压力的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据下文“All of our routines were upended”可知，这对父母来说是压力大的时光。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但偷偷地，我很喜欢那段日子。A. secretly秘密地；B. desperately绝望地；C. apparently显然地；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据上文“It was a ____5____ time for my parents.”和下文“I loved it”可知，父母感到压力，但作者却喜欢这段时光，这种情感与父母形成对比。secretly（偷偷地）体现出作者内心暗自喜欢。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢那张双层床，知道哥哥就在我上方，近得我一伸手就能碰到他（如果有需要的话）。A. witnessed目睹；B. realized意识到；C. expected期望；D. knew知道。根据下文“my brother was right above me”可知，作者知道哥哥就在自己的正上方。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attack攻击；B. touch触摸；C. generate生成；D. hold拿着。根据上文“close enough for me to reach up”可知，作者伸手可以触摸到哥哥，touch符合空间距离的描述。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢附近没有其他孩子，所以哥哥不得不和我一起玩。A. kids孩子；B. neighbors邻居；C. classmates同学；D. relatives亲戚。根据下文“so my brother had to play with me”可知，附近没有其他孩子。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢晚上睡觉时，客厅的灯光和父亲看电视的声音就在几英尺外。A. vision视力；B. laughter笑声；C. sound声音；D. argument争论。根据下文“of my father watching TV”可知，此处指父亲看电视的声音。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那段生活混乱的时期，我爱上了小木屋强加给我们的亲密感。A. relied upon依靠；B. came upon偶遇；C. called upon呼吁；D. forced upon强加于。根据上文“their very small fishing cabin”可知，狭小空间让家人不得不亲近，因此小木屋迫使作者一家人变得亲密。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能要求和哥哥共用一个卧室。A. decided决定；B. requested要求；C. refused拒绝；D. accompanied陪伴。根据上文“In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends.”可知，在正常生活中，作者不敢要求和哥哥共享卧室。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们的正常生活中，我也不被允许熬夜到能听到父亲看电视的时间。A. warm up热身；B. get up起床；C. stay up熬夜；D. grow up长大。根据下文“to hear my father watching TV”可知，熬夜到能听到父亲看电视的声音。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我的父母找到了一所新房子，我们搬了进去。A. Initially最初；B. Eventually最终；C. Temporarily暂时地；D. Urgently紧急地。根据下文“my parents found a new house and we moved into it.”可知，最终父母找到新房并搬家。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我为失去小木屋而难过，尤其是失去了那份亲密感。A. closeness亲密关系；B. games游戏；C. friends朋友；D. quietness安静。根据上文“I loved the closeness that our small cabin ____11____ us.”可知，此处是信息词closeness的词汇复现，指作者因为失去了那份亲密感而难过。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am sure, you know something about Taichi. The fluid ____56____ (combine) of slow, graceful movements and lightning- quick strikes easily sets Taichi apart from other martial arts. The ____57____ (early) traceable (可追溯的)origin of Taichi dates back to mid-seventeenth century in Central China’s Henan province, home to its first great popularizer, ____58____ Ming dynasty general, Chen Wangting (1597-1664). In modern times, Taichi has become popular among Chinese of all ages. Taichi, ____59____ ( influence) by Daoist and Confucian thought, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, builds upon theories of body energies, the yin and yang cycle ____60____ the unity of heaven, earth and man. ____61____ (like) other aggressive Kong fu, it focuses on internal development, and is characterized by posture, breath regulation and concentration. The Diagram of Taichi, or the black and white, teardrop-shaped diagram of yin and yang, was from ____62____ (observe) shadows which were cast t on a sundial (日晷) at midday throughout the year. ____63____ are known as important aspects of the traditional Chinese calendar, such as holidays, seasonal divisions, and the 24 solar terms, came from these astronomical observations. In 2020, Taichi ____64____ (add) to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. And since then, more and more foreign friends _____65_____ (fall) in love with this traditional Chinese martial art. 【答案】56. combination 57. earliest 58. a 59. influenced 60. and 61. Unlike 62. observing 63. What 64. was added 65. have fallen 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了中国文化的象征之——太极运动的相关知识。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：缓慢、优雅的动作和闪电般快速的打击的流畅结合很容易使太极拳与其他武术区分开来。分析句子可知，空处为主语，combination“结合；组合”，不可数名词，故填combination。 【57题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：太极拳最早可追溯的起源可以追溯到17世纪中叶中国中部的河南省，那里是太极拳第一个伟大的推广者、明朝名将陈王廷(1597-1664)的故乡。修饰名词用形容词作定语，根据句意用最高级，故填earliest。 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一个明朝名将”，作同位语，Ming发音以辅音音素开头，需填不定冠词a。故填a。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：太极受道家和儒家思想以及中医的影响，建立在身体能量、阴阳循环和天人合一的理论基础上。分析句子可知，influence作状语，与逻辑主语Taichi是被动语态，用过去分词作状语，故填influenced。 【60题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。根据句意可知，“theories of body energies, the yin and yang cycle”和“the unity of heaven, earth and man”是并列关系， 故填and。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：与其他侵略性的功夫不同，它侧重于内部发展，其特点是姿势，呼吸调节和集中。根据句意并分析句子可知，此处填介词unlike“不像”，构成介词短语作状语，故填Unlike。 62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：太极图，即黑白相间的泪珠状阴阳图，是通过观察全年正午日晷上投下的阴影得来的。介词后用动名词作宾语，故填observing。 【63题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：传统中国历法的重要方面，如节日、季节划分和二十四节气，都来自这些天文观测。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的（东西等）”，用连词what，故填What。 【64题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2020年，太极拳被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表名录》。分析句子可知，add是谓语动词，与主语Taichi是被动关系，由时间状语In 2020可知，用一般过去时，且主语Taichi是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was added。 【65题详解】 考查时态。句意：从那时起，越来越多的外国朋友爱上了这项中国传统武术。分析句子可知，fall作谓语，由时间状语since then可知，用现在完成时，主语friends是复数，故填have fallen。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达 (15分) 66. 假设你校开展了一系列劳动实践课程，包括蔬菜种植、手工制作、家电维修等等。请你写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：1. 你喜爱的课程；2. 你的心得体会；3. 对课程的建议。 My Favorite Hands-on Course ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In response to the call of nationwide labor education, a series of hands-on courses were launched last term in our school, ranging from planting vegetables to making traditional handicrafts. Sewing is one of my favorite courses, where I obtained a fundamental knowledge of essential life skills such as sewing a button, knitting a scarf, and making a cushion by operating the sewing machine. It was surely a rewarding and fulfilling experience, which not only enriched our extracurricular life but also helped us acquire practical basic working capabilities for livelihood and form the good habit of labouring. The hands-on courses have won wide popularity among students and exerted a positive effect on the personal growth of everyone involved. If possible, an exhibition could be held to demonstrate students’ well-designed works and display their creativity. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生写一篇短文，介绍自己喜欢的劳动实践课程。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 课程：lesson→course 获得：gain→obtain 影响：influence→effect 展示：show→display 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： In response to the call of nationwide labor education, a series of hands-on courses were launched last term in our school, ranging from planting vegetables to making traditional handicrafts. 拓展句： In response to the call of nationwide labor education, a series of hands-on courses were launched last term in our school, which ranged from planting vegetables to making traditional handicrafts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sewing is one of my favorite courses, where I obtained a fundamental knowledge of essential life skills such as sewing a button, knitting a scarf, and making a cushion by operating the sewing machine.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 It was surely a rewarding and fulfilling experience, which not only enriched our extracurricular life but also helped us acquire practical basic working capabilities for livelihood and form the good habit of labouring.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节：读后续写(25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Many years ago, when I was a young man in my twenties, I worked as a salesman for a St. Louis piano company. Every time we would advertise in Southeast Missouri, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” The old lady scrawled on and on and on that postcard until she filled it up. Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards. One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to look the old lady up: The old lady lived in a small and dirty house in the middle of a cotton field. There were chickens in the house. Obviously, the old lady could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit. Her little granddaughter was about 10, barefoot. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. However, she still sent us the same postcard every six weeks. A couple of years later, I owned my own piano company, and when I advertised in that area, the postcards started coming to me. For months, I ignored them. But then, one day, despite knowing that I was about to make a terrible business decision, I delivered the piano to the old lady and told her I would carry the contract myself at $10 a month with no interest, and that would mean 52 payments. I took the new piano in the house and placed it where I thought the roof would be least likely to rain on it. It old her and the little girl to try to keep the chickens off of it, and I left — sure I had just thrown away a new piano. But the payments came in, all 52 of them as agreed — sometimes with coins taped to a 3×5inch card in the envelope. It was incredible! So, I put the incident out of my mind for 20 years. 注意 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Then one day, as I was sitting at the bar having an after-dinner drink, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: She told me her name was Elise and since her grandmother couldn’t afford to pay for lessons, she had learned to play by listening to the radio. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Then one day, as I was sitting at the bar having an after-dinner drink, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano. Stunned by her great performance, I moved to a table beside her. She stopped and smiled at me politely, “Aren’t you the man who sent my grandma a piano a long time ago?” It didn’t ring a bell, so she started to explain. And I suddenly remembered. My goodness, it was her, the little barefoot girl. I wanted to know more about the girl. She told me her name was Elise and since her grandmother couldn’t afford to pay for lessons, she had learned to play by listening to the radio. After practicing hard, she could play many songs. Then, she was admitted to a music school where she was offered a scholarship. She expressed her deep gratitude to me. She said, “ If you hadn’t given me this piano, I wouldn’t be where I am right now.” I felt proud of her and also told that it was her grandma’s persistence and love that made her achieve her dream. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。主要讲述了作者大学毕业后在一家钢琴公司当销售员，每当公司做广告的时候，公司总会收到一位老太太的明信片，上面写着“请给我的小孙女一架新钢琴。我可以用卖鸡蛋的钱一个月付10美元。”几年后，作者拥有了一家自己的钢琴公司，决定免费给那位老太太一把钢琴，自己将承担每月10美元，总共需要支付52笔钱。但随后作者收到老太太寄给作者的全部52笔钱。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“后来有一天，我正坐在酒吧里喝着饭后饮料，听到身后传来最美妙的钢琴声。”可知，第一段可描写作者走近去听女孩弹奏钢琴，女孩认出了作者就是当年给自己钢琴的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“她告诉我她的名字叫爱丽丝，由于她的祖母付不起学费，她就通过听收音机学会了弹琴。”可知，第二段可描写女孩靠自己努力获取了成功，同时表达对作者的感谢，作者告诉女孩是她奶奶的爱和坚持让她实现了梦想。 2.续写线索：听到钢琴声——走近——女孩认出作者——作者惊讶——女孩讲述成功经历——感谢作者——作者感到骄傲——告诉女孩她奶奶对她的爱 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①四处看：look around/look about ②了解：know about/learn about ③表演：play/performance 情绪类 ①惊讶的：stunned /surprised ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano. （运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2].Then, she was admitted to a music school where she was offered a scholarship. （运用了where引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型3]. I felt proud of her and also told that it was her grandma’s persistence and love that made her achieve her dream.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和强调句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$