精品解析：北京市北京北师大实验中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

2025北京北师大实验中学高二5月月考 英语 行政班______教学班______姓名______学号______ 考生须知 1.本试卷共16页，共5道大题，94道小题；答题卡共2张。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3.将A、B卷答案分别填写在各自的答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 命题人：高二英语备课组 审题人：闫大刚 许云萍 A卷 第一部分 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 My life used to be like every minute was rushing. My thoughts were controlled by a schedule of ___1___ tasks. However hard I tried, there was never enough time to ___2___. Six years ago, I was blessed with a stop-and-smell-the-roses type of child. When I ___3___ to leave, she’d slowly choose her purse. When I needed to ___4___ a quick lunch, she’d chat with strangers. My ___5___ phrase to her was “Hurry up!” One day, everything changed. At the grocery store, my daughter complained, “You’re so slow!” She crossed her arms and sighed (叹气) ___6___. Suddenly, I saw in her how I pushed her to hurry all the time, and how my hurried lifestyle was ___7___ her. “Sorry,” I whispered, “I’ll be more patient. Thank you for ___8___ me.” She looked surprised, but accepted it. Removing “hurry up” from my speech is easy but developing ___9___ is hard. Now, I try to give her extra time to ____10____ before we go somewhere. During outdoor walks, I let her set the ____11____. If she stops to ____12____ something, I’ll push my ____13____ out of my head and simply observe her — her smile and the way she spotted interesting insects. She’s a “Noticer”, who finds joy in ____14____ things. Now, I never say, “Hurry up.” Those words ____15____life itself. Pausing for simple joys is the only way to truly live. 1. A. endless B. limited C. minor D. finished 2. A. work out B. cheer up C. hang out D. catch up 3. A. hesitated B. claimed C. dreamed D. rushed 4. A. prepare B. grab C. deliver D. select 5. A. tricky B. unique C. constant D. magic 6. A. in relief B. with regret C. in annoyance D. with confusion 7. A. inspiring B. hurting C. moving D. toughening 8. A. teaching B. training C. defending D. comforting 9. A. vision B. awareness C. patience D. closeness 10. A. complain B. chat C. relax D. prepare 11. A. goal B. pace C. standard D. example 12. A. buy B. change C. recall D. admire 13. A. memory B. agenda C. promise D. doubt 14. A. imaginary B. boring C. small D. original 15. A. deny B. simplify C. reveal D. waste 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者与女儿之间的生活故事，讲述了作者从“匆忙生活”到“学会慢下来”的转变过程。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的思想被无尽的任务日程所控制。A. endless无尽的；B. limited有限的；C. minor次要的；D. finished完成的。根据上文“My life used to be like every minute was rushing.”可知作者过去的生活很忙碌，有很多任务，所以这里应该是“无尽的”任务，故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论我多么努力，从来没有足够的时间去赶上进度。A. work out解决；锻炼；B. cheer up振作起来；C. hang out闲逛；D. catch up赶上。根据上文“My life used to be like every minute was rushing. My thoughts were controlled by a schedule of endless tasks.”可知作者时间很紧张，有很多任务要做，所以这里应该是没有足够时间“赶上进度”，即完成那些任务，故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我急着要离开的时候，她会慢慢地挑选她的钱包。A. hesitated犹豫；B. claimed声称；C. dreamed梦想；D. rushed匆忙。根据上文“My life used to be like every minute was rushing”可知作者过去生活节奏很快，所以这里应该是“急着”离开，与下文女儿的slowly形成对比，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我需要匆匆吃一顿午饭时，她会和陌生人聊天。A. prepare准备；B. grab匆忙地做；C. deliver递送；D. select选择。根据上文“My life used to be like every minute was rushing”以及下文“a quick lunch”可知作者生活节奏快，所以这里应该是“匆忙地”吃一顿午饭，故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对她常说的话是“快点！”A. tricky棘手的；B. unique独特的；C. constant经常的；不断的；D. magic神奇的。根据上文叙述作者忙着出门，女儿却慢慢挑选钱包，作者忙着吃饭，女儿却和陌生人聊天可知，“hurry up”是作者经常对女儿说的话，故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：她双臂交叉，恼怒地叹了口气。A. in relief如释重负地；B. with regret遗憾地；C. in annoyance恼怒地；D. with confusion困惑地。根据上文“You’re so slow”可知，女儿对作者的慢感到不满，所以这里应该是“恼怒地”叹了口气，故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我从她身上看到了我是如何一直催促她快点，以及我匆忙的生活方式是如何伤害她的。A. inspiring鼓舞；B. hurting伤害；C. moving感动；D. toughening使变坚强。根据上文“she’d slowly choose her purse”以及“You’re so slow”可知，上文说的是女儿原本是一个做事慢腾腾的人，后来在作者的影响下变成了一个抱怨作者慢的人，可推理出此处说的是作者匆忙的生活方式对女儿是一种“伤害”，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我低声说：“对不起，我会更有耐心的。谢谢你教导了我。”A. teaching教导；B. training训练；C. defending保卫；D. comforting安慰。根据上文“Suddenly, I saw in her how I pushed her to hurry all the time”可知女儿的抱怨让作者意识到了自己的问题，所以这里应该是女儿“教导”了作者，让作者意识到要更有耐心，故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从我的话语中去掉“快点”很容易但是培养耐心却很难。A. vision视力；视野；B. awareness意识；C. patience耐心；D. closeness亲密。根据上文“Removing “hurry up” from my speech is easy”可知上文说的是从话语中去掉“快点”很容易，可推理出这里表达的是是培养“耐心”很难，与前面去掉“快点”形成对比，故选C项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，在我们去某个地方之前，我试着给她额外的时间去准备。A. complain抱怨；B. chat聊天；C. relax放松；D. prepare准备。根据上文“give her extra time”可推理出这里应该是给女儿额外时间去“准备”，故选D项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在户外散步时，我让她来定速度。A. goal目标；B. pace速度；C. standard标准；D. example例子。根据下文“out of my head and simply observe her”可知下文说的是从我的头脑中出去，还提到了只是观察她，可推理出此处说的是不催促女儿，让她决定速度，故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她停下来欣赏某样东西，我会把我的日程安排从脑海中抛开，只是观察她 —— 她的微笑和她发现有趣昆虫的方式。A. buy买；B. change改变；C. recall回忆；D. admire欣赏。根据下文“her smile and the way she spotted interesting insects.”可知下文说的是她的微笑和她发现有趣昆虫的方式，由此可知此处说的是女儿停下来“欣赏”有趣的东西，故选D项。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她停下来欣赏某样东西，我会把我的日程安排从脑海中抛开，只是观察她——她的微笑和她发现有趣昆虫的方式。A. memory记忆；B. agenda日程安排；C. promise承诺；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“simply observe her”可推理出这里应该是把“日程安排”从脑海中抛开，即不再想着那些任务，好好享受和女儿在一起的时光，故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一个“观察者”，能从微小的事情中找到快乐。A. imaginary想象的；B. boring无聊的；C. small小的；D. original原始的。根据上文“ the way she spotted interesting insects.”可推理出女儿能从发现昆虫这样的“小”事情中找到快乐，故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些话否定了生活本身。A. deny否认；B. simplify简化；C. reveal揭示；D. waste浪费。根据上文“Now, I never say, “Hurry up.””以及下文“Pausing for simple joys is the only way to truly live.”可知“快点”这样的话让作者过去总是匆忙，作者现在认为停下来享受简单的快乐是真正生活的唯一方式，可推理出此处说的是作者认为自己没有好好享受生活，因为诸如“快点”这样的话“否认”了生活本身，故选A项。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，共48分) 第一节(共19小题；每小题2分，共38分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A To increase your chances of landing an assignment for a travel guidebook, you need to find out what the publishers are looking for．Here are links to their submission guidelines with a few special requirements and tips． Fonor's Fonor's is a publishing company of both travel guidebooks and online content covering thousands of destinations worldwide．Visit Fonors．com/about-us, and near the bottom of the page you'll find "Write for Us" with information for submitting articles．Do remember to attach a copy of one of your other works when contributing． ☆TIP: Fonor's always hires writers who live in the destinations they cover．So, it's good to remember: While you may want to write about a foreign destination, more than likely you're closer to being an expert about the place where you live． Workman Workman publishes unique and unexpected travel guides such as 1, 000 Places to See Before You Die, and The Food Lover's Guide to Paris．Consider them if you're interested in writing a nontraditional travel guide．You can find their submission guidelines at workman．com/work-with-us．They require a typical nonfiction book proposal with a suggested table of contents and author information．A chapter of your other books is also required．Send your submissions to submissions@workman.com． ☆TIP: If they don't accept your article, you might be lucky enough to get feedback about why． Lonely Planet Writers can get in touch with Lonely Planet by visiting their "Become a Contributor" page at LonelyPlanet.com/contribute．At that page you'll find a form asking for a resume（简历）and links to your other writing, but there's also space for more travel-related information such as geographical knowledge and level of fluency in relevant languages． ☆TIP: You'll find they also accept articles for "Travel News"．If they say yes, you may get another chance for a bigger job such as a guidebook． For more information on publishers, please visit ContributorsDigest.com． 16. This passage is mainly for _______________． A. guides B. writers C. travelers D. publishers 17. Who may provide advice on how to improve articles? A. Fonor's． B. Workman． C. Lonely Planet． D. Contributor's Digest． 18. What is required by all the companies? A. Geographical knowledge． B. Nontraditional ideas． C. Overseas experience． D. Previous writing． 【答案】16. B 17. B 18. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了三个出版社接受文章的标准，出版社网址以及一些特殊要求和提示。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章第一段“To increase your chances of landing an assignment for a travel guidebook, you need to find out what the publishers are looking for．Here are links to their submission guidelines with a few special requirements and tips．（为了增加你得到编写旅行指南工作的机会，你需要明白出版商想要的是什么。以下是他们网站的链接，其中有一些特殊要求和提示。）”可以推知，本篇文章主要是通过介绍一些出版社，为作家提供机会。故选B项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Workman”部分的小贴士“If they don't accept your article, you might be lucky enough to get feedback about why．（如果他们不接受你的文章，你可能会很幸运地得到关于原因的反馈。）”可知 BWorkman．可以就如何改进文章提供建议。故选B项。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章“Fonor's”部分“Do remember to attach a copy of one of your other works when contributing．（请记住在投稿时附上您的其他作品的副本。）”和“Workman”部分“A chapter of your other books is also required．（你的其他书籍的一章也是必需的。）”以及“Lonely Planet”部分“At that page you'll find a form asking for a resume（简历）and links to your other writing.( 在那一页，你会看到一张要求提供简历和你其他作品的链接的表格。)”可以推知，所有公司都要求作者有作品，即有写作经验。故选D项。 B Recycling Electronic Waste When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people. Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN—the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before. But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose (处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it. Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refurbish (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time. For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.” 19. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article? A. The littering of e-waste. B. The recycling of plastic. C. The change of environment. D. The overuse of old computers. 20. What did Alex do to start the project? A. Set up WIN. B. Collect information. C. Ask friends for help. D. Carry out a survey. 21. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work? A. Traditional. B. Competitive. C. Scientific. D. Convenient. 22. What message does the story convey? A. There is no end to perfection. B. Success comes through failure. C. Every positive attitude has a reward. D. Young people can make a big difference. 【答案】19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了几个十几岁的年轻人为了避免电子垃圾对环境造成的影响，想办法循环利用电子垃圾的事情。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people.”（当Alex Lin 11岁时，他在报纸上读到一篇令人震惊的文章，人们把旧电脑埋在后院，把电视扔到河里，把手机扔到垃圾堆里。这是危险的，因为电子垃圾中含有有害的化学物质，可能会泄漏到环境中，进入农作物、动物、水源和人类。）和第二段第一句话“Alex was really worried”（Alex真的很担心）可知，Alex看到报纸上的文章，得知随意丢弃电子垃圾是危险的，会危害环境、农作物、动物、水源和人类，这让他很担心。由此可知，Alex看完这篇文章后担心的是乱扔电子垃圾的现象。故选A项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans.”（但是他们能对这个电子垃圾项目做些什么呢？小组花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。）可知，为了开展这个项目，小组首先花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。由此可知，Alex通过收集信息的方式来开始这个项目。故选B项。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans.”（但是他们能对这个电子垃圾项目做些什么呢？小组花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。）、第四段关键句“Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot.”（Alex和他的朋友们开始行动了。他们在当地报纸上登广告，向学生们分发通知，要求居民们把不需要的电子产品带到学校停车场。）和第五段关键句“The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town.”（下一步是为该镇建立一个长期的电子垃圾投放中心。）可知，Alex和他的朋友们为了开展这个项目，首先收集信息，然后通过登报和分发通知等方式进行宣传，接下来建立一个长期的电子垃圾投放中心，这种做法是科学的，再结合最后一段关键句“Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste.”（由于WIN的工作，越来越多的人，像Alex和他的团队一样，正在得到关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。）可知，他们的工作获得了成功。由此可推断出，Alex和他的团队的工作方式是科学的。故选C项。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合最后一段关键句“Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste.”（由于WIN的工作，越来越多的人，像Alex和他的团队一样，正在得到关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。）可知，文章主要讲述了几个十几岁的年轻人为了避免电子垃圾对环境造成的影响，想办法循环利用电子垃圾的事情，并最终获得了成功，越来越多的人知道了关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。“Young people can make a big difference.”意为“年轻人可以有所作为。”能够概括这个故事传达的信息。故选D项。 C Recently, I attended a public talk by someone whose views I “knew” I would oppose. And yet, I went. I listened, asked questions, and gave my time. While my core values weren’t transformed in those two hours, I learned something and left with a deeper appreciation for the complexity of other perspectives. In this weeknight activity, I was actively trying to tackle “beliefism,” a divisive phenomenon in which surrounding yourself with people who share your views leads to discrimination against those who disagree. In this way, beliefism deepens division and reinforces polarization — building walls instead of bridges. Indeed, beliefism is widespread in modern society. A significant part of the problem originates from the fact that we live in a world that is both physically and virtually divided. We rarely interact with people from other walks of life. Social media algorithms stoke the fires of division, locking us into echo chambers that reinforce our preexisting beliefs and shut down debate. Ultimately, where many forces are driving us apart, we must think — what can we do to unpack division and restore connection? We can begin by trying to understand the psychology of beliefism, which at its core is a form of bias — a mental shortcut in which we categorise people according to single characteristics or generalising assumptions. Indeed, in a world that is infinitely complex, our minds use these biases to simplify and make sense of the world. The thing is, when we see others only through the perspective of their political or social beliefs, we reduce and flatten them to a single dimension. Further, when people feel they are dismissed or disregarded only for their beliefs, they are left feeling isolated and misunderstood. Secondly, we can understand the tendency for beliefism as part of our evolutionary (进化的) desire to establish a community or group. The problem is that while this instinct (本能) may have once served evolutionary purposes, today, it blocks meaningful dialogue and cooperation. Indeed, research shows that overcoming beliefism has benefits. When we welcome a variety of ideas and perspectives, we are able to overcome group-think and make better decisions and judgements. What’s more, less beliefist people are generally happier, having stronger, more fulfilling relationships and broader horizons. Luckily, there are a number of relevant, research-backed psychological techniques that help build tolerance and break bias. We might exercise individuation, seeing people as diverse-sided individuals and breaking away from reductive ways of thinking. We can practice perspective-taking, building empathy (同理心) by stepping into someone else’s shoes and trying to see the world through their eyes. Ultimately, the way forward is not through divisions, but through a recognition of our shared humanity. Remind yourself that each person exists at the intersection of many identities, experiences, and beliefs. Challenge yourself to practice empathy, and remember that no one is wholly defined by the worst thing they have said or done. 23. What does the underlined word “stoke” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Fuel. B. Keep. C. Put. D. Contain. 24. What can we know about beliefism from the passage? A. Social media algorithms mainly contribute to its wide spread. B. Human evolution proves its harm in establishing group-think. C. It reflects our simplified way of understanding the surrounding world. D. It leads us to make assumptions about others’ political or social beliefs. 25. Which of the following would be most effective in fighting beliefism? A. Facilitating interactions between people from different communities. B. Creating a list of acceptable beliefs for each community to follow. C. Asking people to write about their experiences of being isolated. D. Stressing conflict instead of cooperation between different beliefs. 26. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Beyond Us and Them B. The Roots of Beliefism C. The Harm of Social Division D. At the Crossroad of Faith 【答案】23. A 24. C 25. A 26. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于信仰主义的看法以及如何摆脱这种思想。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A significant part of the problem originates from the fact that we live in a world that is both physically and virtually divided. We rarely interact with people from other walks of life.(这个问题的很大一部分源于我们生活在一个物理上和虚拟上都是分裂的世界。我们很少与各行各业的人打交道)”以及后文“locking us into echo chambers that reinforce our preexisting beliefs and shut down debate(把我们锁在回音室里，强化了我们已有的信念，关闭了辩论)”可知，社交媒体算法点燃了分裂之火，把我们锁在回音室里，强化了我们已有的信念，关闭了辩论。故划线词意思是“点燃”，故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Indeed, in a world that is infinitely complex, our minds use these biases to simplify and make sense of the world.(事实上，在一个无限复杂的世界里，我们的大脑利用这些偏见来简化和理解这个世界)”可知，信仰反映了我们理解周围世界的简化方式。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“When we welcome a variety of ideas and perspectives, we are able to overcome group-think and make better decisions and judgements. What’s more, less beliefist people are generally happier, having stronger, more fulfilling relationships and broader horizons.(当我们欢迎各种各样的想法和观点时，我们就能克服群体思维，做出更好的决定和判断。更重要的是，信仰主义者较少通常更快乐，拥有更牢固、更充实的人际关系和更广阔的视野)”可知，促进来自不同社区的人之间的互动对对抗信仰主义是最有效的。故选A。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, the way forward is not through divisions, but through a recognition of our shared humanity. Remind yourself that each person exists at the intersection of many identities, experiences, and beliefs. Challenge yourself to practice empathy, and remember that no one is wholly defined by the worst thing they have said or done.(最终，前进的道路不是通过分裂，而是通过认识到我们共同的人性。提醒自己，每个人都存在于许多身份、经历和信仰的交叉点上。挑战自己，练习同理心，记住，没有人完全被他们说过或做过的最糟糕的事情所定义)”以及文章主要介绍了作者对于信仰主义的看法以及如何摆脱这种思想，可知，A选项“超越我们和他们”最符合文章标题。故选A。 D Crucial systems across the world collapsed on Friday, triggered by one mistake in a single company. The power cut of CrowdStrike, a giant in the cybersecurity industry, hit banks, airlines, and health-care systems. It may end up being the worst information technology disaster in history. This was not, however, an unforeseeable freak accident, nor will it be the last of its kind. Instead, the devastation was the inevitable outcome of modern social systems that have been designed for hyperconnected optimization (优化), not decentralized resilience. There is often a trade-off between maximum optimization and resilience. Consider a basic prehistorical social system in which many humans lived in small, isolated bands. What any single person did would have little to no effect on those living elsewhere. It was an inefficient, basic system — but if one part of the human system failed, few others were affected. Throughout our advancement as a species, from building empires to building machines, social systems have evolved to be more connected and centralized. In the 21st century, the combination of globalization and digitization has created a landscape characterized by the threat of catastrophic, immediate risk. Globalization enables large efficiency gains, where a product can be put together from carefully managed links in the global supply chain. But those systems lack resilience. Every link must fit together perfectly; the system falls apart if even one chain breaks. Centuries ago, the philosopher David Hume wrote that we can never be certain that the patterns of the past will remain the patterns of the future. This is especially true in the 21st century as we are betting more and more of our world on unstable systems. Can we really trust our species to flawlessly govern unimaginably complex systems — systems we don’t always fully understand — that can be brought down by a single screw-up? Modern societies have discounted the cost of that risk because our current reward systems favor optimization over resilience. CEOs try to deliver short-term improvements, not long-term planning. Nobody gets reelected by investing in a rainy-day fund. Business leaders are hired or fired based on quarterly results. Even though the modern quest for optimization has too often made resilience an afterthought, it is not inevitable that we continue down the risky path we’re on. And making our systems more resilient doesn’t require going back to a disconnected, primitive world, either. Instead, our complex, interconnected societies simply demand that we compromise a bit of efficiency in order to allow a little extra cushion (缓冲). If social systems rely on a more diverse digital array of companies, the societies will be less vulnerable (脆弱的). For the broader set of risks facing global society, better regulation is essential to ensure fail-safes, backups, and stress testing — so that one error doesn’t bring down entire systems. The CrowdStrike breakdown is a clear warming that the modern world is fragile by design. So far, we have decided to make ourselves vulnerable. That means we can decide differently too. 27. The author mentions the CrowdStrike mainly to ________. A. highlight its crucial role in cybersecurity B. introduce an information technology collapse C. explain why people are in a connected system D. indicate predictable failures of the modern system 28. What can be inferred about a more globalized system? A. It leads to a highly advanced digitalized network. B. It tends to prioritize adaptability over productivity. C. It enlarges the impact of local errors to a global scale. D. It guarantees immediate economic rewards for participants. 29. As for the future of social systems, which would the author agree with? A. The more disconnected they are, the more resilient they will be. B. Some efficiency should be sacrificed for more flexibility. C. Long-term planning prevents structural breakdowns. D. History can help people predict future patterns. 30. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Hyperconnectivity: The Price of Perfection B. A Wakeful Warning: The Lesson from CrowdStrike C. System Collapse: An Inevitable Technology Disaster D. Resilience vs. Optimization: A Debate for Better Systems 【答案】27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以CrowdStrike系统崩溃事件为例，探讨现代社会系统重优化轻弹性的问题及应对之策。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Crucial systems across the world collapsed on Friday, triggered by one mistake in a single company. The power cut of CrowdStrike, a giant in the cybersecurity industry, hit banks, airlines, and health-care systems. It may end up being the worst information technology disaster in history.(周五，全球关键系统崩溃，起因是一家公司的一个失误。网络安全行业巨头 CrowdStrike 的停电影响了银行、航空公司和医疗保健系统。这可能最终成为历史上最严重的信息技术灾难。)”以及第二段“This was not, however, an unforeseeable freak accident, nor will it be the last of its kind. Instead, the devastation was the inevitable outcome of modern social systems that have been designed for hyperconnected optimization, not decentralized resilience.(然而，这并非一场不可预见的怪异事故，也不会是此类事故中的最后一次。相反，这场灾难是现代社会系统的必然结果，这些系统是为超连接优化而设计的，而非分散式弹性设计。)”可知，作者提及CrowdStrike 事件主要是为了表明现代系统存在可预见的故障。故选D项。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Globalization enables large efficiency gains, where a product can be put together from carefully managed links in the global supply chain. But those systems lack resilience. Every link must fit together perfectly; the system falls apart if even one chain breaks.(全球化带来了巨大的效率提升，产品可以由全球供应链中精心管理的环节组装而成。但这些系统缺乏弹性。每个环节都必须完美配合；哪怕只有一个环节出问题，整个系统就会崩溃。)”可知，全球化使得系统缺乏弹性，一个环节出错就可能导致整个系统崩溃，可推断出全球化的系统会将局部错误的影响扩大到全球范围。故选C项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Even though the modern quest for optimization has too often made resilience an afterthought, it is not inevitable that we continue down the risky path we’re on. And making our systems more resilient doesn’t require going back to a disconnected, primitive world, either. Instead, our complex, interconnected societies simply demand that we compromise a bit of efficiency in order to allow a little extra cushion.(尽管现代对优化的追求常常将弹性置于次要地位，但我们并非必然要继续走这条危险的道路。而且，使我们的系统更具弹性也不需要回到一个脱节的、原始的世界。相反，我们复杂、相互关联的社会只要求我们牺牲一点效率，以便有更多的缓冲空间。)”可知，作者认为为了使系统更具弹性，即更具灵活性，应该牺牲一些效率。故选B项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇以CrowdStrike系统崩溃这一事件展开，阐述现代社会系统因注重优化而缺乏弹性的问题，进而讨论应对措施，强调这一事件给我们带来的警示。而B选项A Wakeful Warning: The Lesson from CrowdStrike(一个警醒：来自CrowdStrike的教训) 准确概括文章主旨。故选B项。 E Since the end of World War II, a broad agreement in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. This includes global trade deals, the European Union, the work of institutions like the World Bank, and the removal of capital controls. These efforts, driven by domestic progress, technology, and legislative changes, have made the world more closely connected and smaller. This broad program of global integration has been highly successful. We’ve avoided major wars, seen living standards rise, and made significant progress in fighting hunger, empowering women, as well as improving literacy and life expectancy. However, there is now a revolt against this integration, especially in the West. In the US, all presidential candidates oppose free-trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, cancel trade deals, and persecute Muslims are popular. The Brexit movement in the UK commands strong support, and meanwhile the EU faces challenges in maintaining open borders due to the refugee crisis. A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts. The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite-driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors. Elites can continue promoting integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support so that nothing stands in the way of their efforts. The U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate suggest that this approach may no longer work. Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed. Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. It would also mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere, who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their children can have better lives than they did. 31. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Global Integration: A Project Carried Out by Elites for Elites B. Global Harmonization: An Alternative for Global Trade Agreements C. Rethinking Global Integration: From Top-Down to Bottom-up D. Why the Resistance Against Globalization? 32. When the author says the trends “moving the wrong way” (para. 3) , he implies that ________. A. global economic integration could not be stopped B. the gaps between the rich and poor should be greatly narrowed C. the revolt against globalization is well underway D. an optimistic attitude will help people understand the benefits of globalization 33. According to the passage, the consideration of global integration as a project carried out by elites for elites ________. A. remains to be proved B. is not accepted by ordinary people C. should not be treated formally as it is only subjective D. should not be ignored as it carries an element of truth 34. The author suggests all of the following to promote global integration EXCEPT ________. A. turning it into a bottom-up project B. popularizing the knowledge of the benefits of globalization C. managing the consequences of globalization D. preferring global harmonization to global trade agreements 【答案】31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出二战后全球经济一体化取得成功，但如今遭遇抵制，分析了原因，并提出应从自上而下推动转变为自下而上推动，重视管理其后果。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段中“Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed.(相反，未来的一体化将更多地依赖于发展中国家的技术和增长。历史表明，没有强大领导或机构的无节制全球化不太可能成功)”和最后一段中“Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom up rather than a top down project.(更有前景的想法是：全球一体化的推进可以成为一个自下而上而非自上而下的项目)”可知，文章核心是反思全球一体化模式，提出从顶层设计转向基层推动的新思路。C项“重新思考全球一体化：从自上而下到自下而上”准确概括了这一主旨，适合作文章标题。故选C项。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements.(这种抗拒的一个主要原因是缺乏知识。那些因为工厂搬到国外而失去工作的人把责任归咎于全球化，但他们从不把商品价格的降低归功于国际贸易。成功的出口商往往把他们的成功归功于自己的技能，而不是国际协议)”可知，人们对全球化的认知不足，所以抗拒它。由此推知，句子“But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts.(但在这个时候，随着趋势朝着错误的方向发展，很难对这些努力持乐观态度)”中加粗部分指的是人们抗拒全球化，即“反对全球化的运动正在进行”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors.(然而，反对全球一体化的核心是认为全球化是一个由精英推动的项目。许多人认为大公司设定议程，让各国相互对立，而且全球化让少数人能够避税和逃避监管。他们看到当雇主输给外国竞争对手时，当地社区遭受痛苦)”可知，人们有这样的看法并非毫无道理，所以这种认为全球化是精英为精英开展的项目的观点不应被忽视，因为它有一定的真实性。故选D项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The promotion of global integration can become a bottom up rather than a top down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements(全球一体化的推进可以成为一个自下而上而非自上而下的项目。重点可以从促进一体化转移到管理其后果。这将意味着从国际贸易协定转向国际协调协定)”可知，作者提到要将其转变为自下而上的项目、管理全球化的后果以及更倾向于全球协调而非全球贸易协定，所以A、C和D项是作者的建议。B项未提及。故选B项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Daydreaming, often dismissed as a waste of time, is increasingly recognized as a vital cognitive process. Far from being a sign of laziness, daydreaming allows the brain to explore ideas, solve problems and foster creativity. Recent studies in neuroscience have revealed the complex mechanisms behind this mental activity. When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN). ___35___ This network becomes active when we are not focused on the outside world, enabling the brain to process information, consolidate memories and generate new ideas. For example, many breakthroughs in science and art have emerged from moments of spontaneous daydreaming. Contrary to popular belief, daydreaming is not a passive activity. It requires significant mental energy and involves complex neural activity. Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation. ___36___ Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems. ___37___ By allowing the mind to wander, we can approach challenges from new perspectives and uncover innovative solutions. Studies have found that individuals who daydream regularly tend to perform better on tasks requiring creative thinking. ___38___ Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning. Excessive or negative daydreaming, often linked to meditation, can lead to anxiety and reduced productivity. The key is to strike a balance between focused work and intentional daydreaming. To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it’s important to create opportunities for it. ___39___ For instance, taking short breaks during work or engaging in activities like walking can stimulate the DMN and promote productive daydreaming. A. However, not all daydreaming is beneficial. B. The DMN is a network of brain regions that activate during restful states. C. These activities are essential for long-term goal setting and personal growth. D. Daydreaming is most effective when combined with periods of intense focus. E. The brain’s ability to switch between focused attention and daydreaming is crucial. F. It also can improve emotional toughness by helping us process difficult experiences. G. Structured daydreaming, such as guided visualization, can enhance its positive effects. 【答案】35. B 36. C 37. F 38. A 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了白日梦的认知价值及其神经机制，分析了其积极作用（如促进创造力、解决问题）和潜在负面影响，并提出如何有效利用白日梦的方法。 【35题详解】 根据上文“When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN) (当我们做白日梦时，大脑进入一种被称为“默认模式网络”（DMN）的状态)”可知，选项承接上文需解释DMN的定义。故B选项“DMN是大脑在休息状态下激活的区域网络”切题。故选B项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation.(研究表明，在做白日梦时，大脑会进行高级认知过程，如计划、自我反思和情绪调节)”可知，选项承接上文说明这些活动的作用。故C选项“这些活动对长期目标设定和个人成长至关重要”切题。故选C项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems.(此外，白日梦可以提高解决问题的能力。通过在白日梦中探索，许多人可以找到解决问题的方法)”可知，选项承接上文说明白日梦的其他益处。故F选项“它还能通过帮助我们处理困难经历来提升情绪韧性”切题。故选F项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning.(消极的白日梦模式会干扰心理健康和日常功能)”可知，选项引出下文的负面影响。故A选项“然而，并非所有白日梦都有益”切题。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it's important to create opportunities for it.(为了利用白日梦的好处，为它创造机会是很重要的)”可知，本段首句提出核心观点 “要利用白日梦的益处，需为其创造机会”，即讲如何让白日梦发挥积极作用，空格处需补充具体方法，再衔接后句的举例，形成 “观点 - 方法 - 举例” 的逻辑。选项D“Daydreaming is most effective when combined with periods of intense focus.(当白日梦与高度专注的时段相结合时，效果最佳。)” 与后文具体举例吻合。故选D项。 第三部分 阅读表达(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 In order to fit in and make friends in a new school, Amanda observed how her classmates behaved and interacted with each other. Gradually, she perfectly adopted the mannerisms of the classmates around her, laughing at their jokes, nodding in agreement with their opinions, hiding herself into someone she thought others wanted her to be. We’ve all done these. This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted. In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on social masking. “Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with social situations, it can also come with negative consequences. Hiding our behaviours and interests constantly can lead to a strong feeling of separation, disconnection, and internal conflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as westruggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted. Fortunately, a mask is not our own skin. We may feel extremely tired after social engagements and want to spend time alone in order to feel like ourselves. “The goal is to feel safe enough to remove the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial for individuals to receive acceptance and support for who they are, rather than feeling like they need to hide their true selves in order to fit in.” 40. What is social masking? _____________________________________________________________ 41. Why do many of us rely on social masking? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. _____________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to masking, what else can you do to fit in when you are in a new environment? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is the process of holding back or hiding your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted. 41. Because we as a species want to be included./It’s a tribal thing of being together rather than being on our own./We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference./Because as a species everyone wants to be included rather than being on their own or being exposed and different. 42. When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. According to the passage, they will feel more depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression. 43. As a student, when I am in a new environment, I will try to interact with my classmates, which can make us know each other better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign of respect for others and myself. (开放题，言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“社会伪装”，其产生的原因以及带来的不良后果。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted. (这是一种社会伪装，是一种抑制或隐藏我们与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样我们就能感到被接受)”可知，社会伪装是一种克制或隐藏你与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样你就会感到被接受。故答案为：It is the process of holding back or hiding your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中““Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” (心理学家Dipti Tait说：“社会伪装之所以发生，是因为我们作为一个物种想要被包容。这是一个群体的事情，我们在一起，而不是我们自己。我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。”)”可知，我们中的很多人都依赖社会伪装是因为我们想要被包容；因为我们是一个群体，而不是一个人；或者因为我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。故答案为：Because we as a species want to be included./It’s a tribal thing of being together rather than being on our own./We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference./Because as a species everyone wants to be included rather than being on their own or being exposed and different. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as we struggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted. (因此，当我们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，我们可能会经历更大的患抑郁症的可能性)”可知，当人们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，可能会经历严重的抑郁。因此句中错误部分为“they will feel less depressed”；根据文章可知，他们的情绪会更加低落。故答案为：When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. According to the passage, they will feel more depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression. 【43题详解】 开放性题目。答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数要求。例如，作为一名学生，当我在一个新的环境中，我会尝试与我的同学互动，这可以让我们更好地了解彼此。我会把自己的意思说清楚，因为这是一种尊重他人和尊重自己的表现。故答案可为：As a student, when I am in a new environment, I will try to interact with my classmates, which can make us know each other better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign of respect for others and myself. 第四部分 书面表达(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。最近你收到英国笔友Jim的来信，得知其所在学校即将举行合唱比赛，但他推荐的曲目未被负责合唱的同学采纳，因此两人发生了冲突，他感到十分沮丧。请你写一封回信给Jim，内容包括： 1.表示安慰； 2.给出建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m really sorry to hear about the conflict you had with your classmates. I can totally understand how you feel — it’s frustrating when your ideas aren’t accepted. Don’t be too upset; this kind of thing happens sometimes when people work together. Maybe you could try talking to them calmly and listen to their reasons for not choosing your song. Then, share your thoughts politely. If it still doesn’t work out, why not suggest another piece that mixes your style with theirs? Teamwork often needs compromise. Cheer up! Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二学生李华的身份给英国笔友Jim回信，安慰他因推荐的合唱比赛曲目未被采纳而与同学发生冲突的沮丧情绪，并给出相关建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 完全：totally→fully 沮丧的：frustrating→discouraging 平静地：calmly→peacefully 推荐：suggest→recommend 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Maybe you could try talking to them calmly and listen to their reasons for not choosing your song. 拓展句：Maybe you could try talking to them calmly and listen to their reasons why they didn’t choose your song. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I can totally understand how you feel — it’s frustrating when your ideas aren’t accepted.（运用了how引导的宾语从句以及when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】If it still doesn’t work out, why not suggest another piece that mixes your style with theirs?（运用了if引导的条件状语从句以及that引导的定语从句） B卷 第五部分 课内基础(共四节，共55分) 第一节 教材单词填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 根据首字母和汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式，每空仅限一词。 注意：请在答题卡上写下完整的单词(包括首字母) 45. We’ve had a few d_______ (分歧，意见不合), but we are still good friends. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】disagreements##isagreements 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“分歧，意见不合”及首字母“d”可知，应为名词disagreement，“a few”后接可数名词复数形式，disagreement的复数是disagreements。故填disagreements。 46. In the second group of states, direct i_______ (干涉，干预) in the economy was limited. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】intervention##ntervention 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在第二组国家中，对经济的直接干预是有限的。此处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示“干涉，干预”及首字母“i”可知，应为名词intervention，结合谓语动词was limited可知，此处为名词单数形式。故填intervention。 47. Now that c_______ (冲突) have come up, we need to think about how to resolve them quickly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】conflicts##onflicts 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：既然冲突已经出现，我们需要考虑如何快速解决它们。此处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示“冲突”及首字母“c”可知，应为名词conflict，结合句中谓语动词“have come up”可知，此处应为conflict的复数conflicts。故填conflicts。 48. She has always e_______ (羡慕，妒忌) my success. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】envied##nvied 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她一直羡慕我的成功。结合首字母提示可知，“羡慕，妒忌”应用动词envy，和has构成谓语，时态为现在完成时，envy需用过去分词的形式。故填envied。 49. With a little e_______ (鼓励，鼓舞) from his parents he should do well. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】encouragement##ncouragement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：只要父母稍加鼓励，他应该会做得很好。此处为名词作介词with的宾语，根据汉语提示“鼓励，鼓舞”及首字母“e”可知，应为名词encouragement且为不可数名词。故填encouragement。 50. What were your first i_______ (印象) of college? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】impressions##mpressions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你对大学的第一印象是什么？此处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示“印象”及首字母“i”可知，应为名词impression，结合谓语动词were可知，主语为复数形式，所以此处使用impression的复数impressions。故填impressions。 51. Our findings have far-reaching c_______ (后果) for researchers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】consequences##onsequences 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的发现对研究人员有深远的后果。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“后果”及首字母“c”可知，应为名词consequence，且为可数名词，结合语境，研究发现的后果通常不止一个，所以此处应用复数形式consequences。故填consequences。 52. A_______ (除此以外, 此外), the bus service will run on Sundays, every two hours. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】Additionally##dditionally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：此外，公交服务将在周日运行，每隔两小时一班。根据中英文提示可知用副词additionally，修饰句子，首字母大写。故填Additionally。 53. Police are i________ (调查，侦查) possible links between the murders.（根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】investigating##nvestigating 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：警方正在调查这些谋杀案之间可能存在的联系。根据汉语和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词作谓语，符合题意；结合句意可知，此处表示动作正在进行，所以空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态：are doing。故填investigating。 54. The whale d_______ (下潜) as the harpoon struck it. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】dived##ived##dove##ove 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当鱼叉击中鲸鱼时，它下潜了。空处为主句谓语动词，由struck可知时态为一般过去时，dive（下潜）的过去式为dived或dove 。故填dived/dove。 55. We i_______ (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】interrupt##nterrupt##interrupted##nterrupted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们中断这个节目，为您播报一条重要新闻。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“打断，中断”及首字母“i”可知，应为动词interrupt，结合句意，句子既可以表示现在发生的动作，用一般现在时，主语We为复数，谓语用原形，也可以表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语动词为interrupt的过去式interrupted。故填interrupt/interrupted。 56. We’ve received a c________ (投诉) from one of our listeners about offensive language. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】complaint##omplaint 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们收到了一位听众对侮辱性语言的投诉。“投诉”表达为名词complaint，空前有a，设空处用名词单数，作宾语。故填complaint。 57. The government will not n_______ (谈判，协商) with terrorists. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】negotiate##egotiate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：政府不会与恐怖分子谈判。结合首字母提示可知，“谈判，协商”应用动词negotiate，和will not构成谓语，时态为一般将来时，negotiate应用原形。故填negotiate。 58. Welfare payments c_______ (停止，中止) as soon as an individual starts a job. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】cease##ease 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：一旦个人开始工作，福利补贴就会停止。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“停止，中止”及首字母“c”可知，应为动词cease，此处为谓语动词，as soon as引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主句可用一般现在时，表示客观事实或一般将来时，表将来动作，主语“Welfare payments”是复数，一般现在时中用原形cease；一般将来时中用will cease，该句中提示词的首字母“c”，所以此处只能使用动词原形。故填cease。 59. Why do they always have to resort to v_______ (暴力)? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】violence##iolence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为什么他们总是非得诉诸暴力呢？resort to中to是介词，后接名词作宾语，violence表示“暴力”，符合语境。故填violence。 第二节 教材短语填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 用方框中短语的适当形式填空，有一个短语是多余的。 burst into be exposed to turn down appeal to flock to consist of involve in a chain of sort out in a flash get rid of at random rather than apologize for a household name make an attempt 60. The audience ______ laughter because of a slip of the tongue from the host. 61. It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many ______. 62. The coastal city is the place people used to ______for business, vacation and to gain an “experience”. 63. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. You should never ______ the chance to be on the stage. 64. It’s impossible ______ the bad habit once you become addicted. 65. It will take him years ______ the math problem. 66. Leave me out of it. I don’t want to get ______this messy situation. 67. Their support is spiritual ______ physical. 68. Being______, the director is still modest about his achievements. 69. The weekend seemed to be over ______. 70. Fyodor Dostoevsky ______ literature from an early age and had already published a novel by the time he was 25 years of age. 71. I think you should ______your rude remarks, not just to him, but to us all. 72. The lecture delivered by Prof Yang was so fascinating that it ______ young listeners in the auditorium. 73. Education ______ way more than just tests and lectures. 74. The scholars refused ______ to justify the theory. 【答案】60. burst into 61. at random 62. flock to 63. turn down 64. to get rid of 65. to sort out 66. involved in 67. rather than 68. a household name 69. in a flash 70. was exposed to 71. apologize for 72. appealed to 73. consists of 74. to make an attempt 【解析】 【60题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来。根据“laughter because of a slip of the tongue”可知，此处指观众因口误突然大笑，burst into laughter为固定短语，意为“突然大笑起来”。结合语境可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，burst的过去式为burst。故填burst into。 【61题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：仔细读几本书比随意读很多书要好。根据“read a few books carefully than to read many”可知，此处指随意读书，at random为固定短语，意为“随意地”，符合语境。故填at random。 【62题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这座沿海城市是人们过去常去经商、度假和获取“体验”的地方。根据“for business, vacation”可知，此处指人们涌向这座城市，flock to为固定短语，意为“涌向”，used to后接动词原形。故填flock to。 【63题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这是千载难逢的机会。你绝不能拒绝登上舞台的机会。根据“a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity”可知，此处指不能拒绝机会，turn down为固定短语，意为“拒绝”，should后接动词原形。故填turn down。 【64题详解】 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：一旦你上瘾，就不可能改掉这个坏习惯。根据“the bad habit once you become addicted”可知，此处指改掉坏习惯，get rid of为固定短语，意为“摆脱；改掉”，该句It为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语。故填to get rid of。 【65题详解】 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：他要花几年时间才能解决这道数学题。根据“the math problem”可知，此处指解决数学题，sort out为固定短语，意为“解决；整理”。It takes sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，此处用动词不定式。故填to sort out。 【66题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：别把我算进去。我不想卷入这个混乱的局面。根据“this messy situation”可知，此处指卷入混乱局面，get involved in为固定短语，意为“卷入；参与”，符合语境。故填involved in。 【67题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：他们的支持是精神上的，而不是物质上的。根据“spiritual”和“physical”可知，此处表示对比，rather than为固定短语，意为“而不是”，符合语境。故填rather than。 【68题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：作为一个家喻户晓的人物，这位导演仍然对自己的成就很谦虚。根据“the director is still modest about his achievements”可知，此处指导演是家喻户晓的人物，a household name为固定短语，意为“家喻户晓的人物”，符合语境。故填a household name。 【69题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：周末似乎一瞬间就结束了。根据“The weekend seemed to be over”可知，此处指周末结束得快，in a flash为固定短语，意为“一瞬间；立刻”，符合语境。故填in a flash。 【70题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：费奥多尔·陀思妥耶夫斯基从小就接触文学，25岁时就已经出版了一部小说。根据“literature from an early age”可知，此处指从小接触文学，be exposed to为固定短语，意为“接触；暴露于”。结合“from an early age”可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语Fyodor Dostoevsky为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was exposed to。 【71题详解】 考查动词。句意：我认为你应该为你粗鲁的言论道歉，不仅是对他，也是对我们所有人。根据“your rude remarks”可知，此处指为粗鲁言论道歉，apologize for为固定短语，意为“为……道歉”，should后接动词原形。故填apologize for。 【72题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：杨教授的讲座非常吸引人，吸引了礼堂里的年轻听众。根据“so fascinating”可知，此处指讲座吸引年轻听众，appeal to为固定短语，意为“吸引”。结合“was”可知，句子应用一般过去时，appeal的过去式为appealed。故填appealed to。 【73题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：教育不仅仅包括考试和讲座。根据“way more than just tests and lectures”可知，此处指教育包括的内容，consist of为固定短语，意为“由……组成；包括”。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Education为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填consists of。 【74题详解】 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：学者们拒绝尝试为这一理论辩护。根据“to justify the theory”可知，此处指尝试辩护，make an attempt为固定短语，意为“尝试”。refuse to do sth.为固定用法，意为“拒绝做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故填to make an attempt。 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 给提示词的填入其正确形式，没给提示词的仅填一个词。 75. On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ________ (name) the world’s oldest living man. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was named 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世的最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。动词name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was named。 76. Because this experiment ______ (attempt) before, we were able to use some of the work those researchers did to help us with our experiment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been attempted 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：因为这个实验以前有人做过，我们能够利用那些研究人员所做的一些工作来帮助我们进行实验。根据句中的before以及主句“we were able to use”可知，attempt这一动作发生在“were able to use”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时；且experiment与attempt之间存在被动关系，所以此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，其结构为“had been + 过去分词”。故填had been attempted。 77. Once ______ (release), the results of the experiment will definitely start a heated discussion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】released 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦实验结果公布，肯定会引发激烈的讨论。分析句子结构可知，此处为once引导的时间状语从句的省略，时间状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省略“主语+be动词”，该句中release与其逻辑主语the results of the experiment之间是被动关系，表示“结果被公布”，因此用过去分词released，其完整形式为“Once the results of the experiment is released”，此处省略了“the results of the experiment is”。故填released。 78. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilization ______ (surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been surrounded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：从我们现在所知的墨西哥部分地区向南延伸至中美洲，玛雅文明自19世纪被重新发现以来一直被神秘所笼罩。根据时间状语“since its rediscovery in the 19th century”可知，该句应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的状态，主语Maya civilization与动词surround之间是被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“has/have been + 过去分词”，主语Maya civilization是单数，助动词用has。故填has been surrounded。 79. As a result, most poetry today ______ (write) in free verse, with lines of varying length. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is written 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：因此，如今大多数诗歌都是以自由诗的形式创作的，诗句长度各异。此处为谓语动词，根据句意和时间状语today可知，该句使用一般现在时，且主语“most poetry”与动词write之间是被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语“poetry”为不可数名词，所以谓语动词为is written。故填is written。 80. At that moment, she realized that she ______ (follow) by a stranger, so she quickened her pace. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being followed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：就在那时，她意识到自己正被一个陌生人跟踪，于是加快了脚步。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语动词realized以及从句中的时间状语at that moment可知，从句应使用过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，主语she与动词follow之间是被动关系，因此用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was being followed。 81. Not only ______ he turn up late, but he also forgot his books. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】did 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：他不仅迟到了，而且还忘了带书。此处否定词位于句首需用部分倒装，结合后文forgot可知为一般过去时，在主语he前用助动词did。故填did。 82. Hardly had I got home ______ it began to rain. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我刚一到家就开始下雨了。固定句型hardly...when...表示“一……就……”，hardly为表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，when引导时间状语从句，故填when。 83. Young ______ he is, he is an experienced teacher. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though##as 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管他很年轻，但他是一位经验丰富的老师。中文“as / though”引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或动词原形提前构成倒装结构，此句是将表语“young”提前，“Young as / though he is”相当于“Though / Although he is young”。故填as / though。 84. West of the lake ______ (lie) the famous city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lies 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：湖的西边坐落着那座著名的城市。此处为谓语动词，该句表方位的副词短语位于句首，句子使用的是全部倒装结构，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，且主语“the famous city”为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用lies。故填lies。 第四节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 给提示词的用提示词的正确形式填空，没给提示词的只填写一个词。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The first time I saw May, she ___85___ (sit) in my front yard, hugging my dog Harley. She had just moved into a small house down the road from us. From the second I talked to her, I knew May would be a cherished friend. Her smile and good cheer made me feel better when I was around her. It didn’t take long ___86___ May was beloved by everyone in our neighborhood. Children and adults visited her home often. When we visited her, she would kindly listen to all of our ___87___ (trouble) and then say something so wise that we would leave her home with our hearts ___88___ (sing). 【答案】85. was sitting 86. before 87. troubles 88. singing 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次见到朋友May的情景。 【85题详解】 考查时态。句意：我第一次见到梅的时候，她正坐在我家前院，抱着我的狗哈利。分析句子“The first time I saw May,”可知，此处应用一般过去时。分析句意可知，此处描述的是我第一见到May时，她正坐在我家前院里，应用进行时。由此可知，此处使用过去进行时。故填was sitting。 【86题详解】 考查连接词。句意：没过多久，梅就受到了我们周围每个人的喜爱。It didn’t take long before..固定用法，意为“过了不久就……”。分析句子可知，此处表示没过多久，梅就受到了我们周围每个人的喜爱。故填before。 【87题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我们去看她时，她会亲耳倾听我们所有的烦恼，然后说一些睿智的话，让我们在离开她的家时，心里都在歌唱。trouble名词，意为 “麻烦，烦恼”；当表示具体的麻烦事或烦恼时，是一个可数名词，由空前our可知，此处应使用名词复数。故填troubles。 【88题详解】 考查with的复合结构。句意：当我们去看她时，她会亲耳倾听我们所有的烦恼，然后说一些睿智的话，让我们在离开她的家时，心里都在歌唱。分析句子可知，此处的sing与heart之间是主动关系，故填singing。 【点睛】“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构是高中语法必考项之一。做这类题时一定要分析，动词与宾语之间的关系，若是表示主动或进行，则用dong；若是表示被动或完成，则用done；若是表示将要发生的事情，则用to do；其他情况，若是表示状态则可以用形容词、副词或介词短语来充当宾补。如第4小题，sing与heart之间是主动关系，所以应使用现在分词形式。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 We are drowning in a sea of free information. The Internet is in our businesses, homes and our bedrooms. An army of designers and data engineers spend their working life figuring out ways ___89___ (make) us stay plugged in longer. Our desires are repackaged by giant tech companies and then ___90___ (sell) back to us under the cover of free content, but it isn't free. We are paying for it with invisible currencies, such as our time and privacy, ___91___ people are only now beginning to understand. 【答案】89. to make 90. are sold 91. which 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。我们淹没在自由信息的海洋中，互联网在我们身边各处。直到现在人们才意识到一直以来消费的都是自己的时间和隐私。 【89题详解】 考查不定式作状语。句意：一大群设计师和数据工程师花费他们的工作时间，想办法让我们更长久地保持联系。分析句子可知，设计师和数据工程师的目的就是，想办法让我们更长久地保持联系。应使用不定式，表目的。故填to make。 【90题详解】 考查语态。句意：我们的欲望被大型科技公司重新包装，然后在免费内容的掩护下卖给我们，但并不是免费的。分析句子可知，此处是and并列了两个谓语动词，时态应跟are repackaged保持一致，即一般现在时。且sell与主语our desires之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填are sold。 【91题详解】 考查非限制定语从句。句意：我们用无形的货币来支付，比如我们的时间和隐私，这些东西人们现在才开始了解。分析句子可知，空后是一个非限制定语从句，且从句中动词understand后缺宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Finding the opportunity to read can be a challenge, so it comes ___92___ (nature) that audiobooks (有声书) have become a preferred choice. ___93___ the help of audiobook, people can enjoy their favorite books while exercising or commuting to school. Audiobooks ___94___ (grow) in popularity up till now, for they are undoubtedly a useful way to escape the stresses of modern life and a good way to keep busy. 【答案】92. naturally 93. With 94. have grown/have been growing 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了有声读物给人们带来的好处。有声读物既是逃避现代生活压力的有用方法，也是保持忙碌的好方法。 【92题详解】 考查副词。句意：寻找阅读的机会是一个挑战，因此有声读物自然成为首选。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词comes，应用副词形式。故填naturally。 【93题详解】 考查介词。句意：在有声读物的帮助下，人们可以在锻炼或上下班上学时欣赏自己喜爱的书籍。固定搭配with the help of意为“在……的帮助下”，此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填With。 【94题详解】 考查时态。句意：有声读物到目前为止越来越受欢迎，为它们无疑是逃避现代生活压力的有用方法，也是保持忙碌的好方法。分析文章可知，句中有时间状语up till now，应该用现在完成时态；根据句意可知，有声读物越来越受欢迎这件事情将来还可持续下去，用现在完成进行时也符合题意。故填have grown/have been growing。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025北京北师大实验中学高二5月月考 英语 行政班______教学班______姓名______学号______ 考生须知 1.本试卷共16页，共5道大题，94道小题；答题卡共2张。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3.将A、B卷答案分别填写在各自的答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 命题人：高二英语备课组 审题人：闫大刚 许云萍 A卷 第一部分 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 My life used to be like every minute was rushing. My thoughts were controlled by a schedule of ___1___ tasks. However hard I tried, there was never enough time to ___2___. Six years ago, I was blessed with a stop-and-smell-the-roses type of child. When I ___3___ to leave, she’d slowly choose her purse. When I needed to ___4___ a quick lunch, she’d chat with strangers. My ___5___ phrase to her was “Hurry up!” One day, everything changed. At the grocery store, my daughter complained, “You’re so slow!” She crossed her arms and sighed (叹气) ___6___. Suddenly, I saw in her how I pushed her to hurry all the time, and how my hurried lifestyle was ___7___ her. “Sorry,” I whispered, “I’ll be more patient. Thank you for ___8___ me.” She looked surprised, but accepted it. Removing “hurry up” from my speech is easy but developing ___9___ is hard. Now, I try to give her extra time to ____10____ before we go somewhere. During outdoor walks, I let her set the ____11____. If she stops to ____12____ something, I’ll push my ____13____ out of my head and simply observe her — her smile and the way she spotted interesting insects. She’s a “Noticer”, who finds joy in ____14____ things. Now, I never say, “Hurry up.” Those words ____15____life itself. Pausing for simple joys is the only way to truly live. 1. A. endless B. limited C. minor D. finished 2. A. work out B. cheer up C. hang out D. catch up 3. A. hesitated B. claimed C. dreamed D. rushed 4. A. prepare B. grab C. deliver D. select 5. A. tricky B. unique C. constant D. magic 6. A. in relief B. with regret C. in annoyance D. with confusion 7. A. inspiring B. hurting C. moving D. toughening 8. A. teaching B. training C. defending D. comforting 9. A. vision B. awareness C. patience D. closeness 10. A. complain B. chat C. relax D. prepare 11. A. goal B. pace C. standard D. example 12. A. buy B. change C. recall D. admire 13. A. memory B. agenda C. promise D. doubt 14. A. imaginary B. boring C. small D. original 15. A. deny B. simplify C. reveal D. waste 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，共48分) 第一节(共19小题；每小题2分，共38分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A To increase your chances of landing an assignment for a travel guidebook, you need to find out what the publishers are looking for．Here are links to their submission guidelines with a few special requirements and tips． Fonor's Fonor's is a publishing company of both travel guidebooks and online content covering thousands of destinations worldwide．Visit Fonors．com/about-us, and near the bottom of the page you'll find "Write for Us" with information for submitting articles．Do remember to attach a copy of one of your other works when contributing． ☆TIP: Fonor's always hires writers who live in the destinations they cover．So, it's good to remember: While you may want to write about a foreign destination, more than likely you're closer to being an expert about the place where you live． Workman Workman publishes unique and unexpected travel guides such as 1, 000 Places to See Before You Die, and The Food Lover's Guide to Paris．Consider them if you're interested in writing a nontraditional travel guide．You can find their submission guidelines at workman．com/work-with-us．They require a typical nonfiction book proposal with a suggested table of contents and author information．A chapter of your other books is also required．Send your submissions to submissions@workman.com． ☆TIP: If they don't accept your article, you might be lucky enough to get feedback about why． Lonely Planet Writers can get in touch with Lonely Planet by visiting their "Become a Contributor" page at LonelyPlanet.com/contribute．At that page you'll find a form asking for a resume（简历）and links to your other writing, but there's also space for more travel-related information such as geographical knowledge and level of fluency in relevant languages． ☆TIP: You'll find they also accept articles for "Travel News"．If they say yes, you may get another chance for a bigger job such as a guidebook． For more information on publishers, please visit ContributorsDigest.com． 16. This passage is mainly for _______________． A. guides B. writers C. travelers D. publishers 17. Who may provide advice on how to improve articles? A. Fonor's． B. Workman． C. Lonely Planet． D. Contributor's Digest． 18. What is required by all the companies? A. Geographical knowledge． B. Nontraditional ideas． C. Overseas experience． D. Previous writing． B Recycling Electronic Waste When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people. Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN—the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before. But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose (处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it. Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refurbish (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time. For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.” 19. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article? A. The littering of e-waste. B. The recycling of plastic. C. The change of environment. D. The overuse of old computers. 20. What did Alex do to start the project? A. Set up WIN. B. Collect information. C. Ask friends for help. D. Carry out a survey. 21. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work? A. Traditional. B. Competitive. C. Scientific. D. Convenient. 22. What message does the story convey? A. There is no end to perfection. B. Success comes through failure. C. Every positive attitude has a reward. D. Young people can make a big difference. C Recently, I attended a public talk by someone whose views I “knew” I would oppose. And yet, I went. I listened, asked questions, and gave my time. While my core values weren’t transformed in those two hours, I learned something and left with a deeper appreciation for the complexity of other perspectives. In this weeknight activity, I was actively trying to tackle “beliefism,” a divisive phenomenon in which surrounding yourself with people who share your views leads to discrimination against those who disagree. In this way, beliefism deepens division and reinforces polarization — building walls instead of bridges. Indeed, beliefism is widespread in modern society. A significant part of the problem originates from the fact that we live in a world that is both physically and virtually divided. We rarely interact with people from other walks of life. Social media algorithms stoke the fires of division, locking us into echo chambers that reinforce our preexisting beliefs and shut down debate. Ultimately, where many forces are driving us apart, we must think — what can we do to unpack division and restore connection? We can begin by trying to understand the psychology of beliefism, which at its core is a form of bias — a mental shortcut in which we categorise people according to single characteristics or generalising assumptions. Indeed, in a world that is infinitely complex, our minds use these biases to simplify and make sense of the world. The thing is, when we see others only through the perspective of their political or social beliefs, we reduce and flatten them to a single dimension. Further, when people feel they are dismissed or disregarded only for their beliefs, they are left feeling isolated and misunderstood. Secondly, we can understand the tendency for beliefism as part of our evolutionary (进化的) desire to establish a community or group. The problem is that while this instinct (本能) may have once served evolutionary purposes, today, it blocks meaningful dialogue and cooperation. Indeed, research shows that overcoming beliefism has benefits. When we welcome a variety of ideas and perspectives, we are able to overcome group-think and make better decisions and judgements. What’s more, less beliefist people are generally happier, having stronger, more fulfilling relationships and broader horizons. Luckily, there are a number of relevant, research-backed psychological techniques that help build tolerance and break bias. We might exercise individuation, seeing people as diverse-sided individuals and breaking away from reductive ways of thinking. We can practice perspective-taking, building empathy (同理心) by stepping into someone else’s shoes and trying to see the world through their eyes. Ultimately, the way forward is not through divisions, but through a recognition of our shared humanity. Remind yourself that each person exists at the intersection of many identities, experiences, and beliefs. Challenge yourself to practice empathy, and remember that no one is wholly defined by the worst thing they have said or done. 23. What does the underlined word “stoke” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Fuel. B. Keep. C. Put. D. Contain. 24. What can we know about beliefism from the passage? A. Social media algorithms mainly contribute to its wide spread. B. Human evolution proves its harm in establishing group-think. C. It reflects our simplified way of understanding the surrounding world. D. It leads us to make assumptions about others’ political or social beliefs. 25. Which of the following would be most effective in fighting beliefism? A. Facilitating interactions between people from different communities. B. Creating a list of acceptable beliefs for each community to follow. C. Asking people to write about their experiences of being isolated. D. Stressing conflict instead of cooperation between different beliefs. 26. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Beyond Us and Them B. The Roots of Beliefism C. The Harm of Social Division D. At the Crossroad of Faith D Crucial systems across the world collapsed on Friday, triggered by one mistake in a single company. The power cut of CrowdStrike, a giant in the cybersecurity industry, hit banks, airlines, and health-care systems. It may end up being the worst information technology disaster in history. This was not, however, an unforeseeable freak accident, nor will it be the last of its kind. Instead, the devastation was the inevitable outcome of modern social systems that have been designed for hyperconnected optimization (优化), not decentralized resilience. There is often a trade-off between maximum optimization and resilience. Consider a basic prehistorical social system in which many humans lived in small, isolated bands. What any single person did would have little to no effect on those living elsewhere. It was an inefficient, basic system — but if one part of the human system failed, few others were affected. Throughout our advancement as a species, from building empires to building machines, social systems have evolved to be more connected and centralized. In the 21st century, the combination of globalization and digitization has created a landscape characterized by the threat of catastrophic, immediate risk. Globalization enables large efficiency gains, where a product can be put together from carefully managed links in the global supply chain. But those systems lack resilience. Every link must fit together perfectly; the system falls apart if even one chain breaks. Centuries ago, the philosopher David Hume wrote that we can never be certain that the patterns of the past will remain the patterns of the future. This is especially true in the 21st century as we are betting more and more of our world on unstable systems. Can we really trust our species to flawlessly govern unimaginably complex systems — systems we don’t always fully understand — that can be brought down by a single screw-up? Modern societies have discounted the cost of that risk because our current reward systems favor optimization over resilience. CEOs try to deliver short-term improvements, not long-term planning. Nobody gets reelected by investing in a rainy-day fund. Business leaders are hired or fired based on quarterly results. Even though the modern quest for optimization has too often made resilience an afterthought, it is not inevitable that we continue down the risky path we’re on. And making our systems more resilient doesn’t require going back to a disconnected, primitive world, either. Instead, our complex, interconnected societies simply demand that we compromise a bit of efficiency in order to allow a little extra cushion (缓冲). If social systems rely on a more diverse digital array of companies, the societies will be less vulnerable (脆弱的). For the broader set of risks facing global society, better regulation is essential to ensure fail-safes, backups, and stress testing — so that one error doesn’t bring down entire systems. The CrowdStrike breakdown is a clear warming that the modern world is fragile by design. So far, we have decided to make ourselves vulnerable. That means we can decide differently too. 27. The author mentions the CrowdStrike mainly to ________. A. highlight its crucial role in cybersecurity B. introduce an information technology collapse C. explain why people are in a connected system D. indicate predictable failures of the modern system 28. What can be inferred about a more globalized system? A. It leads to a highly advanced digitalized network. B. It tends to prioritize adaptability over productivity. C. It enlarges the impact of local errors to a global scale. D. It guarantees immediate economic rewards for participants. 29. As for the future of social systems, which would the author agree with? A. The more disconnected they are, the more resilient they will be. B. Some efficiency should be sacrificed for more flexibility. C. Long-term planning prevents structural breakdowns. D. History can help people predict future patterns. 30. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Hyperconnectivity: The Price of Perfection B. A Wakeful Warning: The Lesson from CrowdStrike C. System Collapse: An Inevitable Technology Disaster D. Resilience vs. Optimization: A Debate for Better Systems E Since the end of World War II, a broad agreement in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. This includes global trade deals, the European Union, the work of institutions like the World Bank, and the removal of capital controls. These efforts, driven by domestic progress, technology, and legislative changes, have made the world more closely connected and smaller. This broad program of global integration has been highly successful. We’ve avoided major wars, seen living standards rise, and made significant progress in fighting hunger, empowering women, as well as improving literacy and life expectancy. However, there is now a revolt against this integration, especially in the West. In the US, all presidential candidates oppose free-trade agreements like the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, cancel trade deals, and persecute Muslims are popular. The Brexit movement in the UK commands strong support, and meanwhile the EU faces challenges in maintaining open borders due to the refugee crisis. A major reason for this resistance is a lack of knowledge. People who lose jobs because factories move abroad blame globalization, but they never credit international trade for lower prices on goods. Successful exporters often attribute their success to their own skills rather than international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts. The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is the perception that globalization is an elite-driven project. Many believe that big companies set the agenda, playing countries against each other, and that globalization allows a few to avoid taxes and regulations. They see local communities suffering when employers lose out to foreign competitors. Elites can continue promoting integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support so that nothing stands in the way of their efforts. The U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate suggest that this approach may no longer work. Rather, future integration will depend more on technology and growth in developing countries. History shows that uncontrolled globalization without a strong leader or institutions is unlikely to succeed. Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. It would also mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere, who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their children can have better lives than they did. 31. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Global Integration: A Project Carried Out by Elites for Elites B. Global Harmonization: An Alternative for Global Trade Agreements C. Rethinking Global Integration: From Top-Down to Bottom-up D. Why the Resistance Against Globalization? 32. When the author says the trends “moving the wrong way” (para. 3) , he implies that ________. A. global economic integration could not be stopped B. the gaps between the rich and poor should be greatly narrowed C. the revolt against globalization is well underway D. an optimistic attitude will help people understand the benefits of globalization 33. According to the passage, the consideration of global integration as a project carried out by elites for elites ________. A. remains to be proved B. is not accepted by ordinary people C. should not be treated formally as it is only subjective D. should not be ignored as it carries an element of truth 34. The author suggests all of the following to promote global integration EXCEPT ________. A. turning it into a bottom-up project B. popularizing the knowledge of the benefits of globalization C. managing the consequences of globalization D. preferring global harmonization to global trade agreements 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Daydreaming, often dismissed as a waste of time, is increasingly recognized as a vital cognitive process. Far from being a sign of laziness, daydreaming allows the brain to explore ideas, solve problems and foster creativity. Recent studies in neuroscience have revealed the complex mechanisms behind this mental activity. When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN). ___35___ This network becomes active when we are not focused on the outside world, enabling the brain to process information, consolidate memories and generate new ideas. For example, many breakthroughs in science and art have emerged from moments of spontaneous daydreaming. Contrary to popular belief, daydreaming is not a passive activity. It requires significant mental energy and involves complex neural activity. Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation. ___36___ Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems. ___37___ By allowing the mind to wander, we can approach challenges from new perspectives and uncover innovative solutions. Studies have found that individuals who daydream regularly tend to perform better on tasks requiring creative thinking. ___38___ Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning. Excessive or negative daydreaming, often linked to meditation, can lead to anxiety and reduced productivity. The key is to strike a balance between focused work and intentional daydreaming. To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it’s important to create opportunities for it. ___39___ For instance, taking short breaks during work or engaging in activities like walking can stimulate the DMN and promote productive daydreaming. A. However, not all daydreaming is beneficial. B. The DMN is a network of brain regions that activate during restful states. C. These activities are essential for long-term goal setting and personal growth. D. Daydreaming is most effective when combined with periods of intense focus. E. The brain’s ability to switch between focused attention and daydreaming is crucial. F. It also can improve emotional toughness by helping us process difficult experiences. G. Structured daydreaming, such as guided visualization, can enhance its positive effects. 第三部分 阅读表达(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 In order to fit in and make friends in a new school, Amanda observed how her classmates behaved and interacted with each other. Gradually, she perfectly adopted the mannerisms of the classmates around her, laughing at their jokes, nodding in agreement with their opinions, hiding herself into someone she thought others wanted her to be. We’ve all done these. This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted. In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on social masking. “Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with social situations, it can also come with negative consequences. Hiding our behaviours and interests constantly can lead to a strong feeling of separation, disconnection, and internal conflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as westruggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted. Fortunately, a mask is not our own skin. We may feel extremely tired after social engagements and want to spend time alone in order to feel like ourselves. “The goal is to feel safe enough to remove the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial for individuals to receive acceptance and support for who they are, rather than feeling like they need to hide their true selves in order to fit in.” 40. What is social masking? _____________________________________________________________ 41. Why do many of us rely on social masking? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. _____________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to masking, what else can you do to fit in when you are in a new environment? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 第四部分 书面表达(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。最近你收到英国笔友Jim的来信，得知其所在学校即将举行合唱比赛，但他推荐的曲目未被负责合唱的同学采纳，因此两人发生了冲突，他感到十分沮丧。请你写一封回信给Jim，内容包括： 1.表示安慰； 2.给出建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ B卷 第五部分 课内基础(共四节，共55分) 第一节 教材单词填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 根据首字母和汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式，每空仅限一词。 注意：请在答题卡上写下完整的单词(包括首字母) 45. We’ve had a few d_______ (分歧，意见不合), but we are still good friends. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 46. In the second group of states, direct i_______ (干涉，干预) in the economy was limited. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. Now that c_______ (冲突) have come up, we need to think about how to resolve them quickly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. She has always e_______ (羡慕，妒忌) my success. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. With a little e_______ (鼓励，鼓舞) from his parents he should do well. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. What were your first i_______ (印象) of college? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Our findings have far-reaching c_______ (后果) for researchers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52. A_______ (除此以外, 此外), the bus service will run on Sundays, every two hours. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. Police are i________ (调查，侦查) possible links between the murders.（根据中英文提示填空) 54. The whale d_______ (下潜) as the harpoon struck it. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. We i_______ (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 56. We’ve received a c________ (投诉) from one of our listeners about offensive language. (根据中英文提示填空) 57. The government will not n_______ (谈判，协商) with terrorists. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 58. Welfare payments c_______ (停止，中止) as soon as an individual starts a job. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 59. Why do they always have to resort to v_______ (暴力)? (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第二节 教材短语填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 用方框中短语的适当形式填空，有一个短语是多余的。 burst into be exposed to turn down appeal to flock to consist of involve in a chain of sort out in a flash get rid of at random rather than apologize for a household name make an attempt 60. The audience ______ laughter because of a slip of the tongue from the host. 61. It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many ______. 62. The coastal city is the place people used to ______for business, vacation and to gain an “experience”. 63. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. You should never ______ the chance to be on the stage. 64. It’s impossible ______ the bad habit once you become addicted. 65. It will take him years ______ the math problem. 66. Leave me out of it. I don’t want to get ______this messy situation. 67. Their support is spiritual ______ physical. 68. Being______, the director is still modest about his achievements. 69. The weekend seemed to be over ______. 70. Fyodor Dostoevsky ______ literature from an early age and had already published a novel by the time he was 25 years of age. 71. I think you should ______your rude remarks, not just to him, but to us all. 72. The lecture delivered by Prof Yang was so fascinating that it ______ young listeners in the auditorium. 73. Education ______ way more than just tests and lectures. 74. The scholars refused ______ to justify the theory. 第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 给提示词的填入其正确形式，没给提示词的仅填一个词。 75. On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ________ (name) the world’s oldest living man. (所给词的适当形式填空) 76. Because this experiment ______ (attempt) before, we were able to use some of the work those researchers did to help us with our experiment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 77. Once ______ (release), the results of the experiment will definitely start a heated discussion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 78. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilization ______ (surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. (所给词的适当形式填空) 79. As a result, most poetry today ______ (write) in free verse, with lines of varying length. (所给词的适当形式填空) 80. At that moment, she realized that she ______ (follow) by a stranger, so she quickened her pace. (所给词的适当形式填空) 81. Not only ______ he turn up late, but he also forgot his books. (用适当的词填空) 82. Hardly had I got home ______ it began to rain. (用适当的词填空) 83. Young ______ he is, he is an experienced teacher. (用适当的词填空) 84. West of the lake ______ (lie) the famous city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 给提示词的用提示词的正确形式填空，没给提示词的只填写一个词。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The first time I saw May, she ___85___ (sit) in my front yard, hugging my dog Harley. She had just moved into a small house down the road from us. From the second I talked to her, I knew May would be a cherished friend. Her smile and good cheer made me feel better when I was around her. It didn’t take long ___86___ May was beloved by everyone in our neighborhood. Children and adults visited her home often. When we visited her, she would kindly listen to all of our ___87___ (trouble) and then say something so wise that we would leave her home with our hearts ___88___ (sing). B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 We are drowning in a sea of free information. The Internet is in our businesses, homes and our bedrooms. An army of designers and data engineers spend their working life figuring out ways ___89___ (make) us stay plugged in longer. Our desires are repackaged by giant tech companies and then ___90___ (sell) back to us under the cover of free content, but it isn't free. We are paying for it with invisible currencies, such as our time and privacy, ___91___ people are only now beginning to understand. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Finding the opportunity to read can be a challenge, so it comes ___92___ (nature) that audiobooks (有声书) have become a preferred choice. ___93___ the help of audiobook, people can enjoy their favorite books while exercising or commuting to school. Audiobooks ___94___ (grow) in popularity up till now, for they are undoubtedly a useful way to escape the stresses of modern life and a good way to keep busy. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $