精品解析：2023届粤港澳大湾区二十校高三第二次模拟考试英语试题

粤港澳大湾区二十校2023届高三第二次模拟考试 英 语 满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时,必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔,将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We need your help! Volunteers are the heart of our organization and essential to our work. Each year our volunteers give a collective 10,000+ hours both in-shelter and out-of-shelter. Our staff and volunteers partner together to form a vital team that’s essential to carrying out our mission to promote the health, care, and adoption of these animals. There are many important roles that you can fill to help animals in need. For safety’s sake, all volunteers need to be 18 or older. Cleaning/Organizing Calling all those who love to organize! Our Cleaning volunteers are absolutely essential to the daily running of the operation. From helping with laundry and dishes to organizing food, toys, and more you can ensure a clean and nurturing environment and make a positive impact on so many animals. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS On alternate weekends Animal Transport Calling all those who love to drive! Due to the fact that we have limited in-shelter medical capabilities, we are very dependent on our off-site vet partners for major surgeries, diagnoses and more. There is no minimum number of transports—even an occasional transport is greatly appreciated—we need as many people as possible! CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS Sat. AM and PM Dog Care Our Dog Care volunteers are a critical part of our team. From walks in the woods and playtime in our large back pen to just sitting with a dog or building enrichment, like Kongs and Lickimats, our Dog Care volunteers help enrich the lives of the dogs in our care and make their stay as positive as possible. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS No position available at this time. Cat Care Our Cat Care volunteers are essential to the daily care and enrichment of the cats and kittens in shelter. From cleaning their spaces and monitoring their well being to socializing a new cat or playing with kittens in our cat rooms, our Cat Care volunteers ensure a healthy and stimulating environment for our cats. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS Weekdays AM and/or PM 1. What should you do if you want to become a volunteer? A. Become a staff member. B. Behave like a grown-up. C. Care for animals’ welfare. D. Collect many animal shelters. 2. What is expected of an animal transport volunteer? A. To drive animals home occasionally. B. To walk animals in the shelter woods. C. To transport animals to the needy partners. D. To get animals to critical medical appointments. 3. Which one will you choose if you are only available on Mondays? A. Cat Care. B. Animal Transport. C. Dog Care. D. Cleaning/Organizing. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍某动物保护组织的志愿者招募信息，包括岗位职责和开放情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our staff and volunteers partner together to form a vital team that’s essential to carrying out our mission to promote the health, care, and adoption of these animals.(我们的员工和志愿者组成了一个重要的团队，这对我们促进这些动物的健康、护理和收养的使命至关重要。)”可知，如果你想成为一名志愿者，你应该关心动物的福利。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Animal Transport部分中的“Due to the fact that we have limited in-shelter medical capabilities, we are very dependent on our off-site vet partners for major surgeries, diagnoses and more.(由于我们的收容所内医疗能力有限，我们在大型手术、诊断等方面非常依赖我们的场外兽医合作伙伴。)”可知，动物运输志愿者需要将动物送到关键的医疗预约地点。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据各岗位的CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS信息，Cat Care的开放时间为“Weekdays AM and/or PM(工作日上午和/或下午)”，而周一属于工作日，因此如果只在周一有空，可以选择Cat Care。故选A项。 B In the last three years, I have read approximately 150 books. Reading almost every day in the last three years has increased my reading comprehension. It has also improved my own writing skills. This has boosted my confidence and encouraged me to start writing more often. I am now writing a fiction book. I write and edit for Odyssey, and I am an officer for the SNHU Book Club. This has also helped me become a better student. I’m able to read and comprehend the text more for each class, and do well on the assignments because of my better writing skills. I truly love it, and can’t imagine where I would be right now if I hadn’t become a bookworm. Because I read so much, I have decided to start doing a written version of a book haul (读书分享会). In short, a book haul is a review of the books read each month. They are typically done as a video, but until I have the proper equipment to do that, I will be writing mine. At the end of each month I will discuss the books I read, the books I bought, or received, and then ask for your thoughts and suggestions. January was a busy month for me. I only finished one book, Mark of Distinction by Jessica Dotta. It’s the second book in the Price of Privilege trilogy. I bought Carve the Mark, Veronica Roth’s new book, and An Unquiet Mind, a psychology based book by Kay Redfield Jamison. I plan on reading these in February, as well as the third section of the Red Queen series, King’s Cage by Victoria Aveyard, which will be released on February 7. I am so excited for it! If you’ve read any of the books I ever mention, feel free to reach out either on here, or Twitter! I love chatting about books! 4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the author? A. How she writes for a magazine. B. How she becomes a bookworm. C. How she benefits from reading. D. How she improves academic performance. 5. What can we know about the author’s book haul? A. It’s done as a video. B. It’s represented in written form. C. It’s a face-to-face review. D. It’s all about the already-read books. 6. What do we know about Price of Privilege? A. It is culture-specific. B. It is psychology-based. C. It is a series of books. D. It is to be released soon. 7. Why does the author write this text? A. To introduce her book haul. B. To share her reading experience. C. To invite people to be her pen-pal. D. To attract readers to join her book haul. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢阅读和写作，所以创办了一个读书分享会的书面版本，并且希望喜欢读书的朋友能和自己聊聊书籍。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Reading almost every day in the last three years has increased my reading comprehension. It has also improved my own writing skills. This has boosted my confidence and encouraged me to start writing more often.（在过去三年里，几乎每天都读书，提高了我的阅读理解能力。这也提高了我自己的写作技巧。这提高了我的信心，鼓励我开始更经常地写作。）”和“This has also helped me become a better student. I’m able to read and comprehend the text more for each class, and do well on the assignments because of my better writing skills.（这也帮助我成为一个更好的学生。我能够阅读和理解每一节课的文本，并做好作业，因为我更好的写作技能。）”可知，第一段主要讲述了读书给作者带来了好处。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “Because I read so much, I have decided to start doing a written version of a book haul .In short, a book haul is a review of the books read each month.你（因为非常喜欢阅读，我已经决定创办一个读书分享会的书面版本，简言之，读书分享会就是每个月对其读的书的书评）”可知，这个读书分享会是通过写出来书评来进行分享交流的。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。从第三段第二句和第三句“ I only finished one book, Mark of Distinction by Jessica Dotta. It’s the second book in the Price of Privilege trilogy. （我只看了一本书，杰西卡·多塔的《卓越的标志》。这是《特权的代价》三部曲中的第二本）”可知，《特权的代价》属于系列书籍。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If you’ve read any of the books I ever mention, feel free to reach out either on here, or Twitter! I love chatting about books!（如果你读过我提到的任何一本书，请随时在这里或Twitter上联系我!我喜欢聊书）”可知，作者希望读者能与其聊书。故选D。 C From strumming a guitar next to a campfire to entertaining guests with a piano piece at a formal dinner, being able to play a musical instrument is unquestionably rewarding. Studies comparing the mental abilities of musicians and non-musicians often show that musical training is related to small, but significant, cognitive (认知的) benefits even when other factors, such as social and economic status, are accounted for. Indeed, there is evidence that just two years of such training enhances cognition. However, it has remained unclear whether these enhanced cognitive skills are just temporary. It is difficult to determine if cognitive changes associated with learning how to play an instrument remain throughout a person’s lifetime. On a single day in 1947, the Scottish movement tested the intelligence of almost every 11-year-old child who attended school in the country. Researchers at Edinburgh University’s Reid School of Music realized it was not too late to ask the original participants about their musical experiences. The researchers developed a questionnaire that collected information about lifetime musical experience. This was completed by the surviving members who returned to the study for further testing in 2018. The participants were asked how many instruments they played and what their training was like. They were also asked to record how many years of regular practice they had and what performance level they had reached. A total of 366 members provided usable information and 117 revealed that they had some degree of experience with musical instruments. Overall, the researchers found that a significant positive relationship existed between playing an instrument and change in cognitive ability over time. More specifically, the more years and more hours of practice with an instrument that a person had, the more likely they were to show a positive cognitive change over the course of their life. Precisely why learning to play a musical instrument has these effects remains unclear. The researchers theorize that driving people to regularly use a mix of focused attention, co-ordination, auditory-motor skills and memory results in advantageous cognitive changes. 8. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The significance of playing a guitar and a piano. B. The benefits of playing a musical instrument. C. The relationship between music and social status. D. The difference between musicians and non-musicians. 9. What do we know about the Edinburgh research? A. It surveyed 366 participants. B. Its participants were old men or women. C. It asked participants to play musical instruments. D. Its data explained why music affected cognition. 10. What was the result collected in the 1947 Scottish movement used as? A. A database. B. An example. C. A cause. D. A target. 11. What is the best title of this text? A. Musical instruments benefit temporary cognitive ability. B. Musical instruments lead to disadvantages in cognition. C. Playing a musical instrument enhances long-term cognition. D. Playing an instrument prevents temporary cognitive changes. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究结果表明，演奏乐器可以增强长期认知能力。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“From strumming a guitar next to a campfire to entertaining guests with a piano piece at a formal dinner, being able to play a musical instrument is unquestionably rewarding. Studies comparing the mental abilities of musicians and non-musicians often show that musical training is related to small, but significant, cognitive (认知的) benefits even when other factors, such as social and economic status, are accounted for. Indeed, there is evidence that just two years of such training enhances cognition.(从在篝火旁弹吉他到在正式晚宴上用钢琴曲招待客人，能够演奏乐器无疑是值得的。对音乐家和非音乐家的心理能力进行比较的研究通常表明，即使考虑到社会和经济地位等其他因素，音乐训练也与微小但显著的认知益处有关。事实上，有证据表明，仅仅两年的此类培训就能提高认知能力能力。)”可知，第一段主要讲述演奏乐器的好处。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“On a single day in 1947, the Scottish movement tested the intelligence of almost every 11-year-old child who attended school in the country. Researchers at Edinburgh University’s Reid School of Music realized it was not too late to ask the original participants about their musical experiences.(1947年的一天，苏格兰运动测试了该国几乎每一个上学的11岁儿童的智力。爱丁堡大学里德音乐学院的研究人员意识到，现在向最初的参与者询问他们的音乐体验还为时不晚。)”和第四段“The researchers developed a questionnaire that collected information about lifetime musical experience. This was completed by the surviving members who returned to the study for further testing in 2018. (研究人员开发了一份问卷，收集了有关一生音乐经历的信息。这是由2018年返回研究进行进一步测试的幸存成员完成的。)”可知，这项研究参与者是一群老年人。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“On a single day in 1947, the Scottish movement tested the intelligence of almost every 11-year-old child who attended school in the country. Researchers at Edinburgh University’s Reid School of Music realized it was not too late to ask the original participants about their musical experiences. (1947年的一天，苏格兰运动测试了该国几乎每一个上学的11岁儿童的智力。爱丁堡大学里德音乐学院的研究人员意识到，现在向最初的参与者询问他们的音乐体验还为时不晚。)”可知，1947年苏格兰运动测试是研究人员们做研究的数据基础。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Overall, the researchers found that a significant positive relationship existed between playing an instrument and change in cognitive ability over time. More specifically, the more years and more hours of practice with an instrument that a person had, the more likely they were to show a positive cognitive change over the course of their life. Precisely why learning to play a musical instrument has these effects remains unclear. The researchers theorize that driving people to regularly use a mix of focused attention, co-ordination, auditory-motor skills and memory results in advantageous cognitive changes. (总体而言，研究人员发现，随着时间的推移，演奏乐器与认知能力的变化之间存在显著的正相关关系。更具体地说，一个人使用乐器的时间越长，练习的时间就越长，他们在一生中就越有可能表现出积极的认知变化。学习演奏乐器会产生这些影响的确切原因尚不清楚。研究人员推断，驱使人们经常使用集中注意力、协调、听觉运动技能和记忆的组合，会导致有利的认知变化。)”可知，文章主要介绍一项研究结果表明，演奏乐器可以增强长期认知能力。故选C。 D Among my friends, one topic seems to dominate our conversations: bones. It makes sense, given that 20 percent of American women over 50 have osteoporosis (骨质疏松) and that more than half have bone loss. For men, the figures are lower: 4 percent and a third. Worldwide, one out of three women over 50 and one out of five older men will develop a fracture (骨折). Another reason for the endless argument about bone problems is mass confusion over how best to strengthen your bones and whether diet really makes a difference. Diet research is always messy, and study results on nutrition and bone health haven’t been consistent. But gradually some clarity is emerging. As we draw up resolutions for what to eat, it’s useful to look at new data on vitamin D. Calcium is the key element for building bones, and vitamin D helps to absorb calcium from the food we eat, so doctors often recommend D supplements (补充剂) to make up for age-related bone loss. But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors. That result built on earlier findings, led by the same team, that these supplements do not improve bone density (密度). “Food and sun exposure likely provide enough vitamin D for healthy adults,” says Meryl LeBoff, who led the study. What does help maintain strong bones for all of us? The easy answer is food high in calcium, such as milk and tofu. Getting it from food is best, LeBoff says, “because there are so many other nutrients (营养物质), and you have a more continuous absorption than with D supplements.” The other key element of bone health involves calories out rather than calories in. Weight-bearing exercise stimulates bone formation throughout life. So while focusing on better nutritional choices, add more exercise to your daily menu. 12. What do the statistics in paragraph 1 emphasize? A The seriousness of bone problems. B. The concern about senior citizens. C. The confusion about strengthening bones. D. The importance of having a balanced diet. 13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 imply? A. Diet research is no longer a challenge. B. We’ve made resolutions to study diets. C. Findings on bone health prove to be similar. D. We begin to agree on ways to keep bones healthy. 14. What can be inferred from the recent study? A. People can absorb vitamin D in food easily. B. The findings go against LeBoffs earlier ones. C. D supplements play a minor role than expected. D. Fractures are linked with weight-bearing exercise. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A recipe for better bones B. Your bones cry! C. The magic of D supplements D. Vitamin D wins! 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率，但高钙食物和运动有助于增强骨骼健康。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“It makes sense, given that 20 percent of American women over 50 have osteoporosis (骨质疏松) and that more than half have bone loss. For men, the figures are lower: 4 percent and a third. Worldwide, one out of three women over 50 and one out of five older men will develop a fracture (骨折). (考虑到20%的50岁以上的美国女性患有骨质疏松症，超过一半的女性患有骨质疏松，这是有道理的。对于男性来说，这一数字更低：4%和三分之一。在全球范围内，三分之一的50岁以上女性和五分之一的老年男性会发生骨折)”可知，骨骼问题很普遍，第一段中的统计数据强调了骨骼问题的严重性。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段中的“Diet research is always messy, and study results on nutrition and bone health haven’t been consistent. (饮食研究总是一团糟，关于营养和骨骼健康的研究结果也不一致)”可知，but表转折，前文讲关于营养和骨骼健康的研究结果也不一致，后文应该讲就保持骨骼健康上大家达成了共识，再结合本段中的“so doctors often recommend D supplements (补充剂) to make up for age-related bone loss (所以医生经常建议补充D来弥补与年龄相关的骨质流失)”可知，划线句表明“我们开始就保持骨骼健康的方法达成一致”。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中的“But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors. That result built on earlier findings, led by the same team, that these supplements do not improve bone density (密度). (但最近的一项研究发现，服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率。这一结果建立在由同一团队领导的早期发现的基础上，即这些补充剂不能提高骨密度)”和第四段中的“because there are so many other nutrients (营养物质), and you have a more continuous absorption than with D supplements (因为还有很多其他营养素，而且比起D补充剂你更能持续吸收它们)”可推知，D补充剂的作用比预期的要小。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。由第三段中的“But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors. (但最近的一项研究发现，服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率)”，第三段中的“Food and sun exposure likely provide enough vitamin D for healthy adults (食物和阳光照射可能为健康成年人提供足够的维生素D)”，第四段中的“What does help maintain strong bones for all of us? The easy answer is food high in calcium, such as milk and tofu. (什么有助于我们所有人保持强壮的骨骼？简单的答案是高钙食物，比如牛奶和豆腐)”和最后一段中的“So while focusing on better nutritional choices, add more exercise to your daily menu. (因此，在关注更好的营养选择的同时，在你的日常菜单中增加更多的运动)”可知，文章一项研究表明服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率，但高钙食物和运动有助于增强骨骼健康，A项“更好骨骼的秘诀”符合文意。故选A项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分 , 满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you’ve studied biology, you’ve probably learned about blood types. Or perhaps you have learned something about blood types from social media. ____16____ These letters correspond to two antigens(抗原),A and B. People with AB blood have both antigens, those with A or B have only one, and people with O have no antigens at all. ____17____ If you’ve had a blood transfusion(输血), you are probably aware that your blood type determines which blood you can receive. Maybe you’ll think that you should plan your meals based on your blood type. ____18____ This last concept is popular in Asia, particularly in South Korea. Someone with type-A blood is thought to be considerate but shy. People with type-B blood are known for being creative but odd. Type-O individuals are considered to be some of the most sociable people. Those with type-AB are sensible artists, but sometimes calculating or unpredictable. South Korea is one place where the blood type personality theory catches on. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%South Koreans believe that blood types serve as an indicator of a person’s personality. ____19____ But such theory can also cause discrimination. In the above-mentioned study, about half of the respondents said that they like people with type-O blood the best. ____20____ The general belief was that type-O individuals have a personality that best fits the culture in South Korea, while AB-types don’t suit such a cultural outlook. As a result, in recent years, many media have stopped promoting the theory. A. Many factors contribute to your blood type. B. So, what does blood type mean to you personally? C. Meanwhile, only 6%of those surveyed said they like AB-types. D. They have a large social circle but are very easy to get annoyed. E. Or perhaps you think your blood type influences your personality. F. Even those that don’t agree with the concept are familiar with the idea. G. Either way, you’ll know there are four main blood types: A, B, O, and AB. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了血型的基本信息，包括ABO血型系统的基本知识，以及一些可能与血型相关的个性理论。虽然这些个性理论在一些地方很流行，但是也可能导致歧视，因为某些血型对应的个性特点被认为适应不同的文化习俗。在韩国，这种血型个性理论有很大的影响力，但近年来这种理论受到了一些非议和批评。 【16题详解】 前文“Or perhaps you have learned something about blood types from social media. (或许，也许你已经从社交媒体上了解了一些有关血型的知识。)”中的关键词“blood types”与G项“Either way, you’ll know there are four main blood types: A, B, O, and AB. (无论哪种方式，你都会知道有四种主要的血型：A，B，O和AB。)”中“four main blood types”为关键词重复出现，且上下文一致，故选G项。 【17题详解】 下文“If you’ve had a blood transfusion(输血), you are probably aware that your blood type determines which blood you can receive. Maybe you’ll think that you should plan your meals based on your blood type. (如果你输过血，你可能知道你血型决定了你可以接受哪种血液。也许你会认为你应该根据自己的血型来计划你的膳食)”可知血型对人意义非凡，与B项“So, what does blood type mean to you personally?(那么，血型对你个人意味着什么？)”上下文一致，承上启下，故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“This last concept is popular in Asia, particularly in South Korea. Someone with type-A blood is thought to be considerate but shy. People with type-B blood are known for being creative but odd. Type-O individuals are considered to be some of the most sociable people. Those with type-AB are sensible artists, but sometimes calculating or unpredictable. (最后一个概念在亚洲很流行，尤其是在韩国。有A型血统的人被认为是体贴但害羞的。B型血的人以富有创造力但古怪而闻名。O型人被认为是一些最善于交际的人。AB型人是明智的艺术家，但有时是计算或不可预测的。)”可知关键词concept要与本空有所呼应，且要与血型、性格相关，与E项“Or perhaps you think your blood type influences your personality. (或者你认为你的血型会影响你的个性。)”与上下文一致，故选E项。 【19题详解】 前文“South Korea is one place where the blood type personality theory catches on. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%South Koreans believe that blood types serve as an indicator of a person’s personality. (韩国是血型人格理论流行起来的一个地方。2017年发布的一项研究表明，近60%的韩国人认为血型是一个人性格的指标。)”与F项“Even those that don’t agree with the concept are familiar with the idea. (即使是那些不同意这个概念的人也熟悉这个想法。)”与上下文一致，故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据前文“But such theory can also cause discrimination. In the above-mentioned study, about half of the respondents said that they like people with type-O blood the best. (但这种理论也会引起歧视。在上述研究中，大约一半的受访者表示他们最喜欢O型血的人。)”及下文“The general belief was that type-O individuals have a personality that best fits the culture in South Korea, while AB-types don’t suit such a cultural outlook. (人们普遍认为，O型人具有最适合韩国文化的个性，而AB型人则不适合这种文化观。)”可知大多数人喜欢O型血的人，AB型占比低，与C项“Meanwhile, only 6%of those surveyed said they like AB-types. (同时，只有6%的受访者表示他们喜欢AB型。)”上下文一致，故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。。 Graphic designer Aaricia Wiesen bought her cat Munro during the lockdown when she was just a 12 week old kitten. They have been ___21___ since then. But, living near Glasgow city centre, Aaricia was ___22___ to let Munro out of the house to wander. “It wasn’t safe enough to let it out. I didn’t want to ___23___ her getting caught up in the traffic,” Aaricia said. ___24___, Aaricia had a great ___25___ for a compromise (折衷) and bought a chain for Munro — with the ___26___ of taking her out for adventures. “I started off really small. I just got her used to the ___27___ around the house. Then I started using the chain and ___28___ I started putting her in my backpack.” As Munro got older, Aaricia ___29___ taking her outside with the chain and putting her in her backpack. Every time they went out, they went a little further. Munro has got a ____30____ for adventuring since Aaricia first started taking her out. Last summer, when Munro was just a few months old, Aaricia ____31____ Munro to climb the 974m peak of Ben Lomond in the Scottish Highlands. Aaricia said: “I had her in the ____32____ for most of the way but ____33____ her when we came back down. She was very happy.” The ____34____ step is to take Munro on a proper trip away to get Munro used to staying overnight in ____35____ places — with a dream of travelling all around the world with her. 21. A. unreliable B. inseparable C. independent D. abnormal 22. A. anxious B. determined C. supposed D. encouraged 23. A. avoid B. imagine C. risk D. consider 24. A. Consequently B. Therefore C. However D. Hopefully 25. A. idea B. mistake C. accident D. market 26. A. trouble B. task C. effort D. aim 27. A. foods B. surroundings C. accidents D. belongings 28. A. casually B. originally C. eventually D. temporarily 29. A. began B. questioned C. advocated D. appreciated 30. A. reward B. break C. pity D. taste 31. A. directed B. expected C. demanded D. took 32 A. backpack B. hotel C. shelter D. house 33. A. searched B. stopped C. chained D. discovered 34. A. first B. next C. only D. initial 35. A. nearby B. resting C. different D. hiding 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了平面设计师Aaricia和她的猫Munro形影不离，她带猫外出冒险的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她们就形影不离了。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. inseparable形影不离的；C. independent独立的；D. abnormal反常的。根据上文“Graphic designer Aaricia Wiesen bought her cat Munro during the lockdown when she was just a 12 week old kitten.”以及最后一段“with a dream of travelling all around the world with her.”可知，Aaricia和Munro感情非常好，所以她们从不分开，由此可知，她们形影不离。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，住在格拉斯哥市中心附近的Aaricia急于让Munro走出家门去闲逛。A. anxious焦虑的，担忧的；B. determined坚决的；C. supposed假定的；D. encouraged受鼓励的。根据下文“Aaricia had a great ____5____ for a compromise (折衷) and bought a chain for Munro — with the ____6____ of taking her out for adventures.”可知，Aaricia非常想带自己的猫出门逛。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“把它放出去不够安全。我不想冒险让她被卷入车流中，”Aaricia说。A. avoid避免；B. imagine想象；C. risk冒险；D. consider考虑。根据上文“It wasn’t safe enough to let it out.”可知，Aaricia认为外面的世界并不安全，所以对她而言，不愿意自己的猫冒险。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Aaricia想到了一个折中的好主意，给Munro买了一条链子，目的是带她出去冒险。A. Consequently因此；B. Therefore所以；C. However然而；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据上文可知，Aaricia想带自己的猫外出闲逛，可是又怕外面的世界不安全；而下文则说Aaricia想到了一个好主意可以带猫外出游玩，两句之间存在转折关系。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Aaricia想到了一个折中的好主意，给Munro买了一条链子，目的是带她出去冒险。A. idea主意；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. market市场。根据下文“bought a chain for Munro — with the ____6____ of taking her out for adventures.”可知，下文是Aaricia想到的一个主意。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Aaricia想到了一个折中的好主意，给Munro买了一条链子，目的是带她出去冒险。A. trouble麻烦；B. task任务；C. effort努力；D. aim目的。根据下文“taking her out for adventures.”可知，她给Munro买了一条链子的目的就是为了带猫出去冒险。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是让她习惯家里的环境。A. foods食物；B. surroundings环境；C. accidents事故；D. belongings财物。根据上文“I started off really small.”可知，最初她只是带猫从小冒险开始，所以可以判断，她最初只是带猫在周围环境闲逛。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始用链子，最后我开始把她放进我的背包里。A. casually随意地；B. originally最初；C. eventually最后；D. temporarily暂时地。根据上文的“started off really small”以及“Then I started”可知，这是一个循序渐进的过程，所以空处指的是最终她把猫放在背包里出去玩。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着Munro长大，Aaricia开始用链子带她出去，把她放进背包里。A. began开始；B. questioned质疑；C. advocated提倡；D. appreciated欣赏。根据上文“Then I started using the chain and ___8___ I started putting her in my backpack.”可知，这里指开始带她出去。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从Aaricia第一次带Munro出去以来，Munro就爱上了冒险。A. reward奖励；B. break休息；C. pity遗憾；D. taste兴趣，爱好。根据下文“She was very happy.”可知，Munro喜欢冒险，get a taste for意为“对……产生兴趣”，符合语境。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，当Munro才几个月大的时候，Aaricia带着Munro爬上了苏格兰高地974米的本洛蒙德山。A. directed指导；B. expected期望；C. demanded要求；D. took带。根据上文“Munro has got a ____10____ for adventuring since Aaricia first started taking her out.”可知，Aaricia是带Munro出去冒险，由此判断，空处为原词重现，指“带”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Aaricia说：“大部分路程我都把她放在背包里，但下山的时候用链子牵着她。她非常开心。”A. backpack背包；B. hotel酒店；C. shelter庇护所；D. house房子。根据上文“As Munro got older, Aaricia ____9____ taking her outside with the chain and putting her in her backpack.”可知，Aaricia每次带Munro出去冒险时，都是把Munro放在背包里。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aaricia说：“大部分路程我都把她放在背包里，但下山的时候用链子牵着她。她非常开心。”A. searched搜索；B. stopped停止；C. chained用链子拴住；D. discovered发现。根据上文“As Munro got older, Aaricia ____9____ taking her outside with the chain and putting her in her backpack.”可知，Aaricia每次带Munro出去冒险时，都带着链条，所以，是把Munro用链条锁住。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下一步是带Munro进行一次真正的旅行，让Munro习惯在不同的地方过夜，梦想着和她一起环游世界。A. first第一；B. next下一个；C. only唯一的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“Last summer, when Munro was just a few months old, Aaricia ____11____ Munro to climb the 974m peak of Ben Lomond in the Scottish Highlands.”可知，Aaricia从去年暑假开始就开始带Munro出去冒险，所以空处指的是下一步要做的事情。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下一步是带Munro进行一次真正的旅行，让Munro习惯在不同的地方过夜，梦想着和她一起环游世界。A. nearby附近的；B. resting静止的；C. different不同的；D. hiding隐藏的。根据下文“with a dream of travelling all around the world with her.”可知，Aaricia希望能带Munro一起环游世界，所以首先Aaricia会让自己的猫适应在不同的地方过夜。故选C项。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Saturday night, a five-person team of the Chinese e-sports club, with the full name EDward Gaming, ___36___ (win) the 2021 League of Legends (LoL) World Championship in Iceland. The team has made very good use of the opportunity ___37___ (share) Chinese culture with the world. At the beginning of the championship, the members of EDG displayed Tai Chi martial arts, launching a “Chinese hurricane” there. With the popularity of digital technology, new forms of cultural exchanges have been emerging, of which e-sports are of the ___38___ (hot). Unlike texts and videos, e-sports are understandable around the world, with the barriers of language ___39___ (break) down. Also e-sports appeal most to those in ___40___ (they) early 20s, as shown by the celebrations of college students on Saturday night, ___41___ in turn makes them a good bridge of communication between Chinese youngsters and their peers around the world. More ____42____(important), the e-sports industry is sustainable in spreading Chinese culture, as the large audiences mean huge commercial potential. As early as 2019, Hainan province announced its plan of building ___43___ international e-sports center. On Nov 5, the 2022 Asian Games Committee announced it had listed eight e-sports ___44___ events in the Games. As more Chinese star gaming clubs and teams appear, the industry ___45___ (expect) to further grow and continue spreading Chinese culture to the world. 【答案】36. won 37. to share 38. hottest 39. broken 40. their 41. which 42. importantly 43. an 44. as 45. is expected 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国电子俱乐部的五人团队在冰岛赢得2021年英雄联盟世界竞标赛。文章介绍了夺冠的重要影响，以及电子竞技的发展情况。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国电子俱乐部的五人团队在冰岛赢得2021年英雄联盟世界竞标赛。根据语境可知，本句讲述发生过得事情，要用一般过去时。故填won。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小组充分利用这次机会去和世界分享中国文化。动词修饰opportunity时，常用不定式，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to share。 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：电子竞技是出现的文化交流中的最热的形式。根据of which 可知，在新出现的文化交流中，电子竞技是最热的，因此要用最高级。故填hottest。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：不像短信和视频，电子竞技能够在全世界被理解，随着语言障碍被打破。空格处是宾补，由于break与被修饰的词the barriers of language 是被动关系，因此要用过去分词。故填broken。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：电子竞技吸引的主要是二十几岁的人。空格处是定语，要用形容词性的物主代词。故填their。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这反过来再中国年轻人和世界同龄人中架起了沟通的桥梁。空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：最重要的是，电子竞技产业在传播中国文化方面是可持续的。空格处是状语，修饰后文整句话，要用副词。故填importantly。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：早在2019年，河南省就宣布它计划，去建立一个国际电子竞技中心。空格处是泛指，要用不定冠词，由于international是以元音音素开始的单词，应用an。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：在11月5日，2022年亚运会组委会宣布将电子竞技列为比赛项目。固定搭配list...as“把……列为”。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：随着中国更多的俱乐部和团队的出现，这个产业被期待得到更进一步的发展，继续传播中国文化。表达现在的期望，要用一般现在时，由于expect与主语the industry是被动关系，因此要用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is expected。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 5月19日是濒危物种日(Endangered Species Day)，为提高保护野生动植物的意识，你受学生会委托在校英文报发布一则倡议书，具体内容包括： 1. 倡议目的； 2. 你的建议； 3. 你的呼吁。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow students, With Endangered Species Day approaching, I’m writing to appeal to all of you to protect wild animals and plants. As we all know, we human beings could not live without wildlife, because they play an important role in keeping the balance of nature. Protecting them is actually protecting ourselves. We can put some relevant posters around the school and hand out some leaflets in the neighborhood. What’s more, we can also attend some lectures to have a better understanding of wildlife and their situation. We students can also do our part. Let’s take action right now! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的倡议书。要求考生在校英文报发布一则倡议书，倡议同学们要保护野生动植物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：important → essential/significant 此外：what’s more→ besides/in addition 分发：hand out→ give out 采取行动：take action→ take measures 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, we can also attend some lectures to have a better understanding of wildlife and their situation. 拓展句：What’s more, we can also attend some lectures so that we can have a better understanding of wildlife and their situation. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, we human beings could not live without wildlife, because they play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句和because引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】With Endangered Species Day approaching, I’m writing to appeal to all of you to protect wild animals and plants.（运用了with复合结构） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In late February, my dad asked me if I wanted to go fishing with him. I said yes. My whole family, minus one of my sisters, would be going. On the day we left I was excited to go on the trip. As soon as we got there, I unpacked all the things I had in the bedroom. My bedroom was small and had two bunk beds on either side of the room. The room made me feel like I was in someone’s grandma’s house. It was late by the time we got to the house, so I went to bed quickly. The next morning I got up and my dad said that we would board the boat for just something to do. As we were in the car, I noticed that it was raining pretty hard outside. Just then another boat approached us. A man with heavy beard shouted at us, claiming that it was not a good day for boating. He warned us to go back, but we thought nothing of it. The boat was pretty nice. It had a covering over the front side of the boat and seats in the back. We got out to the water, and the waves started to pick up a little. As we got out to the water a little farther I thought to myself, “Wouldn’t it be funny if the boat starts sinking?” Apparently, my thought was starting to come into reality, as the waves started picking up even more. I looked at my sister with a worried look on my face. She also looked worried. The boat started tipping more as the waves spilled into the boat. My sister and I started screaming. I looked at my dad and he had a worried look on his face too. That was how I knew that things were getting worse. My dad usually never gets worried about these sorts of things. The water was about knee high on my sister and me. The boat kept rocking from side to side. 注意1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My sister was now crying and my mom was yelling at us to put our life jackets on. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I thought I was going to die. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My sister was now crying and my mom was yelling at us to put our life jackets on. I almost cried myself but I knew that crying and panicking wouldn’t help. My dad had my sister sit closer to the front of the boat so she would be the safest. I clung to my mom the whole time while she took a bucket and tried scooping the water out of the boat. We started to head back to the docks before the boat sank. It was getting hard to breathe. I thought I was going to die. The waves wouldn’t calm down. The rain was still pouring down on us. Desperate as we were, we had no choice but to stay put, sinking with the boat. Just then, I felt someone grabbed my arm out of the water. Clearing the water on my face, I could see the man with heavy beard came to our rescue. As soon as the boat got back to the dock, my sister and I jumped out of the boat, after extending our gratitude to the man for his kindness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和家人一起去钓鱼。第二天早上，虽然一个胡子浓密的人说当天不适合登船，作者和家人还是去划船了。海浪越来越大，船开始倾斜，作者和妹妹非常害怕，开始尖叫，父亲的脸上也带着担忧的表情。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我妹妹哭了，我妈妈朝我们大喊，让我们穿上救生衣。”可知，第一段可描写作者和家人想办法自救，争取在船沉没之前返回码头，但是呼吸变得困难了。 ②由第二段首句内容“我以为我快要死了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人感觉绝望，这时那个胡子浓密的人赶来救人，作者和家人得救，向其表达了感激。 2.续写线索：穿上救生衣——从船里舀水出去——呼吸变得困难——作者感觉绝望——有人来救作者一家——得救后表示感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓紧：cling/hold tightly ②抓住：grab/seize ③清理：clear/clean 情绪类 ①绝望的：desperate/hopeless ②感激：gratitude/thankfulness 【点睛】【高分句型1】I almost cried myself but I knew that crying and panicking wouldn’t help.(由连接词that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】I clung to my mom the whole time while she took a bucket and tried scooping the water out of the boat.(由连接词while引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 粤港澳大湾区二十校2023届高三第二次模拟考试 英 语 满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时,必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔,将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We need your help! Volunteers are the heart of our organization and essential to our work. Each year our volunteers give a collective 10,000+ hours both in-shelter and out-of-shelter. Our staff and volunteers partner together to form a vital team that’s essential to carrying out our mission to promote the health, care, and adoption of these animals. There are many important roles that you can fill to help animals in need. For safety’s sake, all volunteers need to be 18 or older. Cleaning/Organizing Calling all those who love to organize! Our Cleaning volunteers are absolutely essential to the daily running of the operation. From helping with laundry and dishes to organizing food, toys, and more you can ensure a clean and nurturing environment and make a positive impact on so many animals. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS On alternate weekends Animal Transport Calling all those who love to drive! Due to the fact that we have limited in-shelter medical capabilities we are very dependent on our off-site vet partners for major surgeries, diagnoses and more. There is no minimum number of transports—even an occasional transport is greatly appreciated—we need as many people as possible! CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS Sat. AM and PM Dog Care Our Dog Care volunteers are a critical part of our team. From walks in the woods and playtime in our large back pen to just sitting with a dog or building enrichment, like Kongs and Lickimats, our Dog Care volunteers help enrich the lives of the dogs in our care and make their stay as positive as possible. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS No position available at this time. Cat Care Our Cat Care volunteers are essential to the daily care and enrichment of the cats and kittens in shelter. From cleaning their spaces and monitoring their well being to socializing a new cat or playing with kittens in our cat rooms our Cat Care volunteers ensure a healthy and stimulating environment for our cats. CURRENT OPEN POSITIONS Weekdays AM and/or PM 1. What should you do if you want to become a volunteer? A. Become a staff member. B. Behave like a grown-up. C. Care for animals’ welfare. D. Collect many animal shelters. 2. What is expected of an animal transport volunteer? A. To drive animals home occasionally. B. To walk animals in the shelter woods. C. To transport animals to the needy partners. D. To get animals to critical medical appointments. 3. Which one will you choose if you are only available on Mondays? A. Cat Care. B. Animal Transport. C. Dog Care. D. Cleaning/Organizing. B In the last three years, I have read approximately 150 books. Reading almost every day in the last three years has increased my reading comprehension. It has also improved my own writing skills. This has boosted my confidence and encouraged me to start writing more often. I am now writing a fiction book. I write and edit for Odyssey, and I am an officer for the SNHU Book Club. This has also helped me become a better student. I’m able to read and comprehend the text more for each class, and do well on the assignments because of my better writing skills. I truly love it, and can’t imagine where I would be right now if I hadn’t become a bookworm. Because I read so much, I have decided to start doing a written version of a book haul (读书分享会). In short, a book haul is a review of the books read each month. They are typically done as a video, but until I have the proper equipment to do that, I will be writing mine. At the end of each month I will discuss the books I read, the books I bought, or received, and then ask for your thoughts and suggestions. January was a busy month for me. I only finished one book, Mark of Distinction by Jessica Dotta. It’s the second book in the Price of Privilege trilogy. I bought Carve the Mark, Veronica Roth’s new book, and An Unquiet Mind, a psychology based book by Kay Redfield Jamison. I plan on reading these in February, as well as the third section of the Red Queen series, King’s Cage by Victoria Aveyard, which will be released on February 7. I am so excited for it! If you’ve read any of the books I ever mention, feel free to reach out either on here, or Twitter! I love chatting about books! 4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the author? A. How she writes for a magazine. B. How she becomes a bookworm. C. How she benefits from reading. D. How she improves academic performance. 5. What can we know about the author’s book haul? A. It’s done as a video. B. It’s represented in written form. C. It’s a face-to-face review. D. It’s all about the already-read books. 6. What do we know about Price of Privilege? A. It is culture-specific. B. It is psychology-based. C. It is a series of books. D. It is to be released soon. 7. Why does the author write this text? A. To introduce her book haul. B. To share her reading experience. C. To invite people to be her pen-pal. D. To attract readers to join her book haul. C From strumming a guitar next to a campfire to entertaining guests with a piano piece at a formal dinner, being able to play a musical instrument is unquestionably rewarding. Studies comparing the mental abilities of musicians and non-musicians often show that musical training is related to small, but significant, cognitive (认知的) benefits even when other factors, such as social and economic status, are accounted for. Indeed, there is evidence that just two years of such training enhances cognition. However, it has remained unclear whether these enhanced cognitive skills are just temporary. It is difficult to determine if cognitive changes associated with learning how to play an instrument remain throughout a person’s lifetime. On a single day in 1947, the Scottish movement tested the intelligence of almost every 11-year-old child who attended school in the country. Researchers at Edinburgh University’s Reid School of Music realized it was not too late to ask the original participants about their musical experiences. The researchers developed a questionnaire that collected information about lifetime musical experience. This was completed by the surviving members who returned to the study for further testing in 2018. The participants were asked how many instruments they played and what their training was like. They were also asked to record how many years of regular practice they had and what performance level they had reached. A total of 366 members provided usable information and 117 revealed that they had some degree of experience with musical instruments. Overall, the researchers found that a significant positive relationship existed between playing an instrument and change in cognitive ability over time. More specifically, the more years and more hours of practice with an instrument that a person had, the more likely they were to show a positive cognitive change over the course of their life. Precisely why learning to play a musical instrument has these effects remains unclear. The researchers theorize that driving people to regularly use a mix of focused attention, co-ordination, auditory-motor skills and memory results in advantageous cognitive changes. 8. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The significance of playing a guitar and a piano. B. The benefits of playing a musical instrument. C. The relationship between music and social status. D. The difference between musicians and non-musicians. 9. What do we know about the Edinburgh research? A. It surveyed 366 participants. B. Its participants were old men or women. C. It asked participants to play musical instruments. D. Its data explained why music affected cognition. 10. What was the result collected in the 1947 Scottish movement used as? A. A database. B. An example. C. A cause. D. A target. 11. What is the best title of this text? A. Musical instruments benefit temporary cognitive ability. B. Musical instruments lead to disadvantages in cognition. C. Playing a musical instrument enhances long-term cognition. D. Playing an instrument prevents temporary cognitive changes. D Among my friends, one topic seems to dominate our conversations: bones. It makes sense, given that 20 percent of American women over 50 have osteoporosis (骨质疏松) and that more than half have bone loss. For men, the figures are lower: 4 percent and a third. Worldwide, one out of three women over 50 and one out of five older men will develop a fracture (骨折). Another reason for the endless argument about bone problems is mass confusion over how best to strengthen your bones and whether diet really makes a difference. Diet research is always messy, and study results on nutrition and bone health haven’t been consistent. But gradually some clarity is emerging. As we draw up resolutions for what to eat, it’s useful to look at new data on vitamin D. Calcium is the key element for building bones, and vitamin D helps to absorb calcium from the food we eat, so doctors often recommend D supplements (补充剂) to make up for age-related bone loss. But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors. That result built on earlier findings, led by the same team, that these supplements do not improve bone density (密度). “Food and sun exposure likely provide enough vitamin D for healthy adults,” says Meryl LeBoff, who led the study. What does help maintain strong bones for all of us? The easy answer is food high in calcium, such as milk and tofu. Getting it from food is best, LeBoff says, “because there are so many other nutrients (营养物质), and you have a more continuous absorption than with D supplements.” The other key element of bone health involves calories out rather than calories in. Weight-bearing exercise stimulates bone formation throughout life. So while focusing on better nutritional choices, add more exercise to your daily menu. 12. What do the statistics in paragraph 1 emphasize? A. The seriousness of bone problems. B. The concern about senior citizens. C. The confusion about strengthening bones. D. The importance of having a balanced diet. 13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 imply? A. Diet research is no longer a challenge. B. We’ve made resolutions to study diets. C. Findings on bone health prove to be similar. D. We begin to agree on ways to keep bones healthy. 14. What can be inferred from the recent study? A. People can absorb vitamin D in food easily. B. The findings go against LeBoffs earlier ones. C. D supplements play a minor role than expected. D. Fractures are linked with weight-bearing exercise. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A recipe for better bones B. Your bones cry! C. The magic of D supplements D. Vitamin D wins! 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分 , 满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you’ve studied biology, you’ve probably learned about blood types. Or perhaps you have learned something about blood types from social media. ____16____ These letters correspond to two antigens(抗原),A and B. People with AB blood have both antigens, those with A or B have only one, and people with O have no antigens at all. ____17____ If you’ve had a blood transfusion(输血), you are probably aware that your blood type determines which blood you can receive. Maybe you’ll think that you should plan your meals based on your blood type. ____18____ This last concept is popular in Asia, particularly in South Korea. Someone with type-A blood is thought to be considerate but shy. People with type-B blood are known for being creative but odd. Type-O individuals are considered to be some of the most sociable people. Those with type-AB are sensible artists, but sometimes calculating or unpredictable. South Korea is one place where the blood type personality theory catches on. A study released in 2017 suggests that nearly 60%South Koreans believe that blood types serve as an indicator of a person’s personality. ____19____ But such theory can also cause discrimination. In the above-mentioned study, about half of the respondents said that they like people with type-O blood the best. ____20____ The general belief was that type-O individuals have a personality that best fits the culture in South Korea, while AB-types don’t suit such a cultural outlook. As a result, in recent years, many media have stopped promoting the theory. A. Many factors contribute to your blood type. B. So, what does blood type mean to you personally? C. Meanwhile, only 6%of those surveyed said they like AB-types. D. They have a large social circle but are very easy to get annoyed. E. Or perhaps you think your blood type influences your personality. F. Even those that don’t agree with the concept are familiar with the idea. G. Either way, you’ll know there are four main blood types: A, B, O, and AB. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。。 Graphic designer Aaricia Wiesen bought her cat Munro during the lockdown when she was just a 12 week old kitten. They have been ___21___ since then. But, living near Glasgow city centre, Aaricia was ___22___ to let Munro out of the house to wander. “It wasn’t safe enough to let it out. I didn’t want to ___23___ her getting caught up in the traffic,” Aaricia said. ___24___, Aaricia had a great ___25___ for a compromise (折衷) and bought a chain for Munro — with the ___26___ of taking her out for adventures. “I started off really small. I just got her used to the ___27___ around the house. Then I started using the chain and ___28___ I started putting her in my backpack.” As Munro got older, Aaricia ___29___ taking her outside with the chain and putting her in her backpack. Every time they went out, they went a little further. Munro has got a ____30____ for adventuring since Aaricia first started taking her out. Last summer, when Munro was just a few months old, Aaricia ____31____ Munro to climb the 974m peak of Ben Lomond in the Scottish Highlands. Aaricia said: “I had her in the ____32____ for most of the way but ____33____ her when we came back down. She was very happy.” The ____34____ step is to take Munro on a proper trip away to get Munro used to staying overnight in ____35____ places — with a dream of travelling all around the world with her. 21. A. unreliable B. inseparable C. independent D. abnormal 22 A. anxious B. determined C. supposed D. encouraged 23. A. avoid B. imagine C. risk D. consider 24. A. Consequently B. Therefore C. However D. Hopefully 25. A. idea B. mistake C. accident D. market 26. A. trouble B. task C. effort D. aim 27. A. foods B. surroundings C. accidents D. belongings 28 A. casually B. originally C. eventually D. temporarily 29. A. began B. questioned C. advocated D. appreciated 30. A. reward B. break C. pity D. taste 31. A. directed B. expected C. demanded D. took 32. A. backpack B. hotel C. shelter D. house 33. A. searched B. stopped C. chained D. discovered 34. A. first B. next C. only D. initial 35. A. nearby B. resting C. different D. hiding 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Saturday night, a five-person team of the Chinese e-sports club, with the full name EDward Gaming, ___36___ (win) the 2021 League of Legends (LoL) World Championship in Iceland. The team has made very good use of the opportunity ___37___ (share) Chinese culture with the world. At the beginning of the championship, the members of EDG displayed Tai Chi martial arts, launching a “Chinese hurricane” there. With the popularity of digital technology, new forms of cultural exchanges have been emerging, of which e-sports are of the ___38___ (hot). Unlike texts and videos, e-sports are understandable around the world, with the barriers of language ___39___ (break) down. Also e-sports appeal most to those in ___40___ (they) early 20s, as shown by the celebrations of college students on Saturday night, ___41___ in turn makes them a good bridge of communication between Chinese youngsters and their peers around the world. More ____42____(important), the e-sports industry is sustainable in spreading Chinese culture, as the large audiences mean huge commercial potential. As early as 2019, Hainan province announced its plan of building ___43___ international e-sports center. On Nov 5, the 2022 Asian Games Committee announced it had listed eight e-sports ___44___ events in the Games. As more Chinese star gaming clubs and teams appear, the industry ___45___ (expect) to further grow and continue spreading Chinese culture to the world. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 5月19日是濒危物种日(Endangered Species Day)，为提高保护野生动植物的意识，你受学生会委托在校英文报发布一则倡议书，具体内容包括： 1. 倡议目的； 2. 你的建议； 3. 你的呼吁。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In late February, my dad asked me if I wanted to go fishing with him. I said yes. My whole family, minus one of my sisters, would be going. On the day we left I was excited to go on the trip. As soon as we got there, I unpacked all the things I had in the bedroom. My bedroom was small and had two bunk beds on either side of the room. The room made me feel like I was in someone’s grandma’s house. It was late by the time we got to the house, so I went to bed quickly. The next morning I got up and my dad said that we would board the boat for just something to do. As we were in the car, I noticed that it was raining pretty hard outside. Just then another boat approached us. A man with heavy beard shouted at us, claiming that it was not a good day for boating. He warned us to go back, but we thought nothing of it. The boat was pretty nice. It had a covering over the front side of the boat and seats in the back. We got out to the water, and the waves started to pick up a little. As we got out to the water a little farther I thought to myself, “Wouldn’t it be funny if the boat starts sinking?” Apparently, my thought was starting to come into reality, as the waves started picking up even more. I looked at my sister with a worried look on my face. She also looked worried. The boat started tipping more as the waves spilled into the boat. My sister and I started screaming. I looked at my dad and he had a worried look on his face too. That was how I knew that things were getting worse. My dad usually never gets worried about these sorts of things The water was about knee high on my sister and me. The boat kept rocking from side to side. 注意1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My sister was now crying and my mom was yelling at us to put our life jackets on. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I thought I was going to die. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$