精品解析：福建省福州市福九联盟2024-2025学年高二下学期期末英语试卷

2024-2025学年度第二学期福九联盟(高中)期末联考 高中二年英语科试题 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分,满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman sound? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Calm. 2. What will the woman probably do next? A. Take more medicine. B. Have a short rest. C. Finish her work. 3. Where is the library at present? A. Behind a coffee shop. B. Opposite a hospital. C. Next to a bakery. 4. Why does James thank Sandra? A. For preparing a meal for his family. B. For lending him some dishes. C. For taking care of his baby. 5. What does the woman suggest adding later? A. Eggs. B. Sugar. C. Butter. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son. 7. What was the highest temperature yesterday? A. 20 ℃. B. 28 ℃. C. 36 ℃. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What is the woman most interested in? A. Writing. B. Needlework. C. Languages. 9. What is the date today probably? A. February 23rd. B. March 22nd. C. March 8th. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A Their family history. B. The woman’s recent holiday. C. A traditional way of doing laundry. 11. Where was the man born? A. In Romania. B. In France. C. In America. 12. Why did the man’s grandfather refuse to replace the natural washing machine? A. It is free to run. B. It is easy to use. C. It is better for the environment. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What was the woman probably doing? A Searching for a job. B. Reading a magazine. C. Watching a movie. 14. Where does the ibises’ journey start probably? A. In Spain. B. In Germany. C. In Italy. 15. Who is the man? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A pilot. 16 Why is the man unlikely to apply to join the ibis program? A. He has no interest in it. B He prefers to work independently. C. He thinks it will soon be unnecessary. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Where does the speech probably take place? A. In a ticket center. B. In a climbing center. C. In a shopping center. 18. What do we know about the play areas in T1? A. They’re for flight ticket holders only. B. Children under 12 aren’t allowed. C. There is a garden near each one. 19. What is special about the waterfall in T2? A. It’s part of an open-air pool. B. It’s the world’s tallest. C. It’s digitally created. 20. Where can travelers watch free movies at the airport? A. At T1. B. At T3. C. At T4. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1. What is special about Selana? A. She had a very long career. B. She had a humble beginning. C. She won two Academy Awards. D. She made many animated films. 2. What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A His special talent. B. His great ambition. C. His childhood experience. D. His educational background. 3. Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A. Who Was Selena? B. Who Was Chuck Jones? C. Who Was Leif Erikson? D. Who Is Ralph Lauren? B “What have I gotten myself into?” I wondered as I sat through a research meeting conducted entirely in Polish, unable to even read the title on the screen. Having only basic Polish language skills, I found my experiment in cross-culture cooperation more challenging than I had expected. The idea of spending time abroad hadn’t occurred to me until my advisor suggested it during my first year. With his support, I enjoyed a remarkable summer in a laboratory in Japan, which left me wanting more. So, I applied for a Fulbright fellowship in Poland. To receive the fellowship, I first had to find a lab to host me, and neither I nor my advisor had any connections to Poland. Relying on Google to translate lab websites, I began to send cold emails. When my eventual host responded, eager to collaborate, I was thrilled. I suddenly felt the possibilities for my research career were endless and global. I was the first visiting scholar my research group had hosted from the United States, and my Polish colleagues were curious about what brought me to their country. This led to many fruitful discussions about the similarities and differences in how science is conducted across cultures. For example, much of the funding in Poland is awarded to teams rather than individuals. The system promotes cross-disciplinary (跨学科的) cooperations across the country, which in turn shapes how scientists design and carry out studies. I learned as much about the history and culture in Central and Eastern Europe as I did scientifically. Colleagues related firsthand accounts about challenges the region faced during the Cold War. Many laboratories had limited resources, and they rarely published their research in English. Those conditions helped shape research on antimicrobial treatment into bacteriophage and antibiotics, and Poland remain leaders in the former to this day. My cultural immersion made me a better researcher. I now see cross-cultural cooperations as a way to overcome communication barriers that can block progress in science. By stepping outside my comfort zone, I gained the confidence to navigate my research in new directions that I might have otherwise boxed myself out of. 4. Why did the author apply for fellowship in Poland? A. To follow the advisor’s suggestion. B. To practise Polish and learn its culture. C. To have another rewarding experience. D. To continue the research started in Japan. 5. How did the author benefit from the experience in Poland? A. He became an expert in Cold War history. B. He had access to cross-disciplinary cooperations. C. He obtained scientific knowledge and a global perspective. D. He secured individual funding for future research projects. 6. Which words best describe the author? A. Helpful and diligent. B. Curious and innovative. C. Ambitious and competitive. D. Adventurous and cooperative. 7. What does the author imply about cross-cultural cooperations? A. They are essential for the advancement of science. B. They might box researchers out of a certain direction. C. They should prioritize language training over research. D. They are valueless for creative minds in scientific field. C This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope. Why depressing? Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: That human activity, particularly in the form of emissions of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction. The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof. Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.” And the ray of hope? The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance. “Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived — that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO2.” The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released. 8. Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC? A. Seemingly contradictory. B. Wholly promising. C. Particularly hopeless. D. Exceptionally new. 9. What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 2 mean? A. out of date. B. in progress. C. under discussion. D. under control. 10. According to the passage, what can we learn about methane? A. It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming. B. It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming. C. Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases. D. Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report. 11. How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 D The rise of generative AI by Western firms like OpenAI and Anthropic has concentrated technological power. Much like the early industrial revolutions, the development of AI appeared to have promoted us into an era where only a handful of firms — armed with vast source of funding, specific data, and deep-seated ecosystems — are set to dominate the market. However, it is challenged by DeepSeek, a new player, claiming its R1 reasoning model was developed at a fraction of the typical cost — $5-6 million versus hundreds of millions. This breakthrough depends on targeted optimizations (优化): mixed-precision arithmetic (算术), GPU load balancing, and YaRN context extension. These innovations reduce computational demands, potentially lowering barriers to AI development. Critically, DeepSeek’s approach builds on prior research and development fundamentals by Western firms. Open-source frameworks pioneered by well-funded labs enabled DeepSeek to refine existing technologies rather than starting from scratch. While its cost-efficiency could democratize (使民主化) AI by empowering startup companies, significant risks accompany its model. Security analysts warn that DeepSeek’s promises of impressive performance and low operational costs come with heightened risks. Critics have raised alarm bells around security, warning that its cost-effective, open-source design appears to come at the cost of strong safeguards — making it notably easy to generate harmful, insecure, or biased outputs. Studies suggest it produces harmful content at higher rates than Western models and collects sensitive user data (e.g. IP addresses) stored on Chinese servers, raising privacy concerns. Policymakers face a dual reality: DeepSeek breaks the assumption that AI dominance requires vast fund, yet its operational model introduces ethical dilemmas. The key to solving the problem lies in balancing competition with safety standards. Market strategies may shift toward efficiency-driven, open-source cooperation. Ultimately, DeepSeek’s emergence highlights a tension — democratizing AI while reducing risks of insecure outputs. In an era of rapidly evolving AI economics, DeepSeek’s breakthrough may serve as a catalyst (催化剂) for a broader, more inclusive technological revolution — one where competition, rather than concentration, defines success. 12. What is the key breakthrough claimed by DeepSeek in AI development? A. Reducing computational demands significantly. B. Building its AI system with a substantially lower cost. C. Creating a new form of mixed-precision arithmetic. D. Balancing GPU load more efficiently than previous models. 13. Which of the following statement is TRUE about DeepSeek regarding data practices? A. It refuses to share research with Western companies. B. Its models require expensive user subscriptions. C. It collects sensitive data stored on Chinese servers. D. It has strong safeguards to avoid generating harmful outputs. 14. What dilemma do policymakers face regarding AI development? A. Balancing technological competition with safety standards. B. Choosing between funding startups and established firms. C. Prioritizing data collection over user privacy. D. Promoting closed-source over open-source models. 15. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? A. The rise of generative AI by Western firms has led to market domination. B. DeepSeek faces criticism over its potential security risks. C. DeepSeek introduces a new era of AI democratization. D. DeepSeek challenges traditional AI development with a cost-efficient model. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tang Poetry: Bridges Across Time Tang poetry, reaching its golden age during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), reflects society, nature, and human emotions with striking clarity. ___16___ Now let’s uncover how these verses still speak to modern hearts. ___17___ The “lüshi ”(律诗), an eight-line poem with demanding tonal rules, often describes landscapes or philosophical reflections. For instance, Li Bai’s Drinking Alone Under the Moon uses rhythmic patterns to combine loneliness with universal wonder, proving that structure fuels creativity rather than limiting it. These poems explore permanent themes.They convey joys and sorrows mirroring today’s struggles.Wang Wei’s Deer Enclosure presents solitude through an empty mountain forest, while Du Fu’s Spring Prospect expresses his sadness about war’s destruction using wilted flowers. ___18___ ___19___Translations of Wang Wei’s nature poems inspired 19th-century French Impressionists, while Ezra Pound’s adaptations of Li Bai reshaped Western modernist poetry. Today, AI programs analyze Tang metrics(诗韵) to compose new “ancient-style” verses, integrating tradition with technology. In Chinese education, Tang poetry is irreplaceable. Students memorize verses not just for exams but to connect with their heritage. ___20___ A 2023 study found students analyzing A Night Mooring at Maple Bridge improved metaphor interpretation skills by 40% compared to peers studying only modern texts. Teachers call it “emotional time travel” that bridges past and present. More than relics, Tang poems are alive — quoted in speeches, sung in pop songs, and even inspiring AI-generated art. Their endurance lies in speaking the unspoken, whether in 800 AD or the digital age. A. Tang poetry’s influence still evolves creatively. B. Remarkably, Tang poetry bridges East and West. C. Strict formats are seen as tools for artistic expression. D. Scholars use these poems to study Tang Dynasty fashion trends. E. Additionally, it contributes to cultivating the ability of thinking. F. Meanwhile, it reveals the inclusive, optimistic and brave spirit of the times. G. Such imagery connects modern readers to Tang-era hardships and hopes. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The cave entrance opened like a stone mouth, breathing out damp air. Maya tightened her headlamp, its beam cutting through ___21___ darkness. “Stay close,” warned Ben, their guide. As their team of five walked deeper, the walls narrowed, revealing ___22___ patterns carved by ancient water. This mapping mission into Crystal Cave’s uncharted passages integrated science with raw ___23___. For hours, they crawled through tunnels shining with calcite veins (方解石脉). Maya was amazed at nature’s ___24___beauty until a sudden rockfall thundered behind them, sealing their exit, sealing their exit. Dust choked the air. Panic surged when Eva’s GPS failed. “We’re trapped!” she cried. Ben’s voice ___25___ the fear: “Save batteries. Follow the ___26___.” He meant the underground river’s flow — their only compass. Progress was ___27___. Knee-deep in icy water, Maya fought against ___28___ as rocks tore her gloves. With ___29___breaths, she focused on Ben’s instructions, nervous and warn out. When Leo suggested splitting up, Ben’s refusal was firm: “The outlet isn’t the impulsion to act respectively, but the wisdom to stay ____30____.” His calm felt like an anchor in the chaos. Hours seemed to turn into an exhausting march. Just as despair set in, Maya spotted a sliver of light glowing faintly. “Look! Moss (青苔) growing — we’re near an exit!” she cried. The team climbed with difficulty toward the light. Emerging at dusk, they collapsed on grass, trembling not from cold, but overwhelming ____31____. Back home, newspaper headlines called them heroes. Yet Maya knew true bravery wasn’t the ____32____ of fear in the cave, but the choice to ____33____ forward despite it. Real adventure, she realized, doesn’t test how far you travel underground, but how ____34____ you measure your own stress tolerance. The greatest darkness we face is never in the caves — it’s in the moment we ____35____ whether to turn back or trust the light within. 21. A. sudden B. absolute C. cruel D. visible 22. A. resolved B. twisted C. colored D. faded 23. A. interest B. technology C. adventure D. curiosity 24. A. delicate B. violent C. artificial D. random 25. A. sliced through B. came over C. set off D. ran across 26. A. voice B. compass C. current D. light 27. A. surprising B. painful C. lonely D. worthy 28. A. boredom B. despair C. sorrow D. tiredness 29. A. steady B. shallow C. calm D. slow 30. A. connected B. focused C. united D. closed 31. A. regret B. fear C. relief D. pride 32. A. cause B. absence C. enemy D. source 33. A. carry B. put C. look D. push 34. A. deeply B. strongly C. tightly D. widely 35. A. wonder B. deny C. realize D. believe 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese opera, a special mix of music, dance, and dialogue, stands ____36____ a cornerstone (基石) of traditional Chinese performing arts. The root of Chinese opera ____37____(date) back to ancient celebrations and folk dances during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BCE), and it has developed into many different local styles since then. Among them, Peking Opera, which appeared during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912), is the most ____38____ (represent) one, known for its stylized movements, complex face painting, and unique vocal style. Similarly, Chaoju (Teochew Opera), ____39____ (originate) from Guangdong province, is famous for its graceful singing and lively performances, often featuring stories of local legends. Chinese opera helps pass down cultural values and traditions, with stories ____40____ (main) based on history and folk tales. The Legend of the White Snake, for instance, tells the story of Bai Suzhen, a white snake spirit, falling in love with a human, through ____41____ themes of love and betrayal (背叛) are explored. Costumes and makeup also play ____42____ exceptional role in storytelling. Each color carries symbolic meanings: red symbolizes loyalty, while white represents dishonesty. While preserving its traditions, Chinese opera ____43____ (embrace) modernity in recent decades. ____44____ (engage) modern audience, new adaptations combine traditional elements with modern technologies like multimedia and special effects. This timeless art form continues to develop, reflecting China’s cultural ____45____ (deep) and social changes. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，针对校园内存在浪费粮食的现象，学校决定举行抵制浪费粮食的活动。请你在学校英文报上写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1. 活动的理由及目的； 2. 具体的做法； 3. 发出倡议。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.适当增加细节以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给不计入词数。 Say No to Food Waste Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Little boy, will you help an old man up the hill with his load?” These words were spoken by an old gray-headed man, who was drawing a hand-cart with a bag of corn in it. “I can’t. I am in a hurry,” said Hanson, who was hurrying to get to the playground, so that he might play with the boys before the morning class began. The old man sat down on a stone at the foot of the hill to rest himself and gather strength for the ascent (上坡). He stared after Hanson, and sighed as he thought of the days of his youth, now far back in the past. Tears were beginning to gather in his eyes, when another little boy, Jack, who was Hanson’s classmate and good friend, came up to him and said, “Shall I help you up the hill with your load?” The old man brushed his eyes with the sleeve of his coat, and replied, “I shall be very glad to have your help.” He then stood up, took the handle of his cart, and pulled with all his strength, with Jack pushing behind. When they reached the top of the hill, Jack discovered a hole in the bag on the under side, from which the corn was dropping out. Putting forth all his strength, he turned the bag, so that there might be no further loss of corn. “Thank you very much,” said the old man, as Jack set out upon a run for his school, “and may God reward you for your kindness.” But Jack was out of hearing before the old’s last words were spoken. When Jack reached the school, he was about ten minutes late, for which he received a mark (违纪记录). This was a very unusual thing for him, as he stood out among the students in his class for never being late. If he had told the reason for his being late to Miss White, the head teacher, he would have been forgiven; but he thought it would look a little like boasting (吹嘘，夸耀) to do so. So he took the mark without saying a word. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Curious, Hanson approached Jack when the school was over. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Knowing the truth from Hanson, Miss White resolved to do something the next morning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第二学期福九联盟(高中)期末联考 高中二年英语科试题 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分,满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman sound? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Calm. 2. What will the woman probably do next? A. Take more medicine. B. Have a short rest. C. Finish her work. 3 Where is the library at present? A. Behind a coffee shop. B. Opposite a hospital. C. Next to a bakery. 4. Why does James thank Sandra? A. For preparing a meal for his family. B. For lending him some dishes. C. For taking care of his baby. 5. What does the woman suggest adding later? A. Eggs. B. Sugar. C. Butter. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son. 7. What was the highest temperature yesterday? A. 20 ℃. B. 28 ℃. C. 36 ℃. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What is the woman most interested in? A. Writing. B. Needlework. C. Languages. 9. What is the date today probably? A. February 23rd. B. March 22nd. C. March 8th. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their family history. B. The woman’s recent holiday. C. A traditional way of doing laundry. 11. Where was the man born? A. In Romania. B. In France. C. In America. 12. Why did the man’s grandfather refuse to replace the natural washing machine? A. It is free to run. B. It is easy to use. C. It is better for the environment. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What was the woman probably doing? A. Searching for a job. B. Reading a magazine. C. Watching a movie. 14. Where does the ibises’ journey start probably? A. In Spain. B. In Germany. C. In Italy. 15. Who is the man? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A pilot. 16. Why is the man unlikely to apply to join the ibis program? A. He has no interest in it. B. He prefers to work independently. C. He thinks it will soon be unnecessary. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Where does the speech probably take place? A. In a ticket center. B. In a climbing center. C. In a shopping center. 18. What do we know about the play areas in T1? A. They’re for flight ticket holders only. B. Children under 12 aren’t allowed. C. There is a garden near each one. 19. What is special about the waterfall in T2? A. It’s part of an open-air pool. B. It’s the world’s tallest. C. It’s digitally created. 20. Where can travelers watch free movies at the airport? A. At T1. B. At T3. C. At T4. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1. What is special about Selana? A. She had a very long career. B. She had a humble beginning. C. She won two Academy Awards. D. She made many animated films. 2 What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A. His special talent. B. His great ambition. C. His childhood experience. D. His educational background. 3. Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A. Who Was Selena? B. Who Was Chuck Jones? C Who Was Leif Erikson? D. Who Is Ralph Lauren? 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“Who Was?”系列丛书中与四个著名人物有关书籍的核心内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Was Selena?”部分中“The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. (这家人曾在家乡得克萨斯州的集市、婚礼、派对以及街头角落进行表演)”可知，塞拉娜出身卑微。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Is Ralph Lauren?”部分中“Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets.(拉尔夫·劳伦出生于布朗克斯区，早在青少年时期，他就以独特的时尚品味而闻名，喜欢经典服饰以及诸如破旧皮夹克之类的传统风格)”可知，拉尔夫·劳伦商业成功的主要因素是他的特殊才能。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Was Leif Erikson?”部分中“Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own.(莱夫·埃里克森天生就是个探险家。他的父亲，红色的埃里克，已经在今天的格陵兰岛建立了第一个欧洲定居点，尽管他还不知道，雷夫注定要参与他自己的冒险之旅。)”可知，莱夫·埃里克森的故事以冒险为核心，对于一个充满冒险精神的青少年来说，《Who Was Leif Erikson?》会是最佳的。故选C。 B “What have I gotten myself into?” I wondered as I sat through a research meeting conducted entirely in Polish, unable to even read the title on the screen. Having only basic Polish language skills, I found my experiment in cross-culture cooperation more challenging than I had expected. The idea of spending time abroad hadn’t occurred to me until my advisor suggested it during my first year. With his support, I enjoyed a remarkable summer in a laboratory in Japan, which left me wanting more. So, I applied for a Fulbright fellowship in Poland. To receive the fellowship, I first had to find a lab to host me, and neither I nor my advisor had any connections to Poland. Relying on Google to translate lab websites, I began to send cold emails. When my eventual host responded, eager to collaborate, I was thrilled. I suddenly felt the possibilities for my research career were endless and global. I was the first visiting scholar my research group had hosted from the United States, and my Polish colleagues were curious about what brought me to their country. This led to many fruitful discussions about the similarities and differences in how science is conducted across cultures. For example, much of the funding in Poland is awarded to teams rather than individuals. The system promotes cross-disciplinary (跨学科的) cooperations across the country, which in turn shapes how scientists design and carry out studies. I learned as much about the history and culture in Central and Eastern Europe as I did scientifically. Colleagues related firsthand accounts about challenges the region faced during the Cold War. Many laboratories had limited resources, and they rarely published their research in English. Those conditions helped shape research on antimicrobial treatment into bacteriophage and antibiotics, and Poland remain leaders in the former to this day. My cultural immersion made me a better researcher. I now see cross-cultural cooperations as a way to overcome communication barriers that can block progress in science. By stepping outside my comfort zone, I gained the confidence to navigate my research in new directions that I might have otherwise boxed myself out of. 4. Why did the author apply for fellowship in Poland? A. To follow the advisor’s suggestion. B. To practise Polish and learn its culture. C. To have another rewarding experience. D. To continue the research started in Japan. 5. How did the author benefit from the experience in Poland? A. He became an expert in Cold War history. B. He had access to cross-disciplinary cooperations. C. He obtained scientific knowledge and a global perspective. D. He secured individual funding for future research projects. 6. Which words best describe the author? A. Helpful and diligent. B. Curious and innovative. C. Ambitious and competitive. D. Adventurous and cooperative. 7. What does the author imply about cross-cultural cooperations? A. They are essential for the advancement of science. B. They might box researchers out of a certain direction. C. They should prioritize language training over research. D. They are valueless for creative minds in scientific field. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在波兰进行跨文化合作研究的经历，包括申请奖学金的过程、在波兰的研究生活以及这段经历给他带来的收获。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“With his support, I enjoyed a remarkable summer in a laboratory in Japan, which left me wanting more. So, I applied for a Fulbright fellowship in Poland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一个实验室度过了一个非凡的夏天，这让我渴望更多。所以，我申请了波兰的富布赖特奖学金)” 可知，作者申请波兰奖学金是为了获得另一次有意义的经历。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I learned as much about the history and culture in Central and Eastern Europe as I did scientifically.(我对中欧和东欧的历史和文化的了解与我在科学方面的了解一样多)”以及第六段“My cultural immersion made me a better researcher. I now see cross-cultural cooperations as a way to overcome communication barriers that can block progress in science.(我的文化沉浸使我成为一名更好的研究者。我现在将跨文化合作视为克服阻碍科学进步的沟通障碍的一种方式)”可知，作者在波兰的经历让他获得了科学知识和全球视野。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“With his support, I enjoyed a remarkable summer in a laboratory in Japan, which left me wanting more. So, I applied for a Fulbright fellowship in Poland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一个实验室度过了一个非凡的夏天，这让我渴望更多。所以，我申请了波兰的富布赖特奖学金)”以及第三段“Relying on Google to translate lab websites, I began to send cold emails. When my eventual host responded, eager to collaborate, I was thrilled.(依靠谷歌翻译实验室网站，我开始发陌生邮件。当我最终的接待方回复我，并且渴望合作时，我非常激动)”可知，作者在日本有了一次不错的经历后，即便在没有与波兰相关联系，且自身波兰语技能仅为基础水平的情况下，仍大胆申请去波兰的奖学金，并主动发邮件联系实验室，这体现了他的冒险精神（Adventurous），敢于走出舒适区去尝试新的经历。再根据第四段“I was the first visiting scholar my research group had hosted from the United States, and my Polish colleagues were curious about what brought me to their country. This led to many fruitful discussions about the similarities and differences in how science is conducted across cultures.(我是我的研究小组接待的第一位来自美国的访问学者，我的波兰同事们很好奇是什么把我带到了他们的国家。这引发了许多关于不同文化中科学研究方式的异同的富有成效的讨论)”和第五段“Colleagues related firsthand accounts about challenges the region faced during the Cold War. Many laboratories had limited resources, and they rarely published their research in English. Those conditions helped shape research on antimicrobial treatment into bacteriophage and antibiotics, and Poland remain leaders in the former to this day.(同事们讲述了该地区在冷战期间面临的挑战的第一手资料。许多实验室资源有限，而且他们很少用英语发表研究成果。这些条件促成了对噬菌体和抗生素的抗菌治疗的研究，并且波兰在前者方面至今仍处于领先地位)”可知，作者积极参与和同事们的讨论，了解当地科学研究的情况以及地区历史等内容，展现出他有合作精神（cooperative），对新的知识和文化充满好奇并主动去探索。所以选项D（有冒险精神和合作的）最能描述作者，故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“I now see cross-cultural cooperations as a way to overcome communication barriers that can block progress in science.(我现在将跨文化合作视为克服阻碍科学进步的沟通障碍的一种方式)”可推知，作者认为跨文化合作对科学的进步是至关重要的。故选A。 C This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope. Why depressing? Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: That human activity, particularly in the form of emissions of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction. The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof. Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.” And the ray of hope? The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance. “Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived — that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO2.” The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released. 8. Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC? A. Seemingly contradictory. B. Wholly promising. C. Particularly hopeless. D. Exceptionally new. 9. What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 2 mean? A. out of date. B. in progress. C. under discussion. D. under control. 10. According to the passage, what can we learn about methane? A. It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming. B. It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming. C. Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases. D. Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report. 11. How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）发布的第六份气候变化报告，这份报告既令人沮丧，又给人们以希望。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope.(今年，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）分阶段发布了第六份报告，这份报告让许多气候科学家读起来令人沮丧，但在某些方面也带来了一线希望)”可知，这份报告既让人沮丧，又给人以希望，由此可以判断，该报告似乎是有些矛盾。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线短语“This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet.(这使得2015年《巴黎协定》中所设定的目标——各国同意将全球变暖控制在2摄氏度以内，并希望进一步控制在1.5摄氏度以内——变得更加难以实现)”可知，此处讲述的是划线短语所在句子中产生的结果使得2015年《巴黎协定》中概述的目标更难实现了，也就是说划线短语所在的句子陈述的内容“1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years(在接下来的几百年里，全球变暖幅度将达到1.5摄氏度)”已经形成，造成《巴黎协定》的目标更难实现，所以该短语baked in的意思是“形成，在进行中”。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance.(政府间气候变化专门委员会的第六份报告在研究范围上比以往的研究更为广泛——例如，首次深入探讨了短期温室气体（如甲烷）在导致气候变暖方面所起的作用)”可知，在IPCC的第六份报告中第一次深入研究了甲烷在气候变暖中的作用，由此可以推断，在这之前，未提到过甲烷对气候变暖带来的影响。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released.(这将包括采取一系列措施，例如转而采用更以植物为主的饮食（以减少甲烷排放）、控制人口增长、减少经济不平等现象，并开发能够去除大气中已存在的二氧化碳的方法（而非仅仅阻止其排放）)”可知，提到的适应性路径涉及四个方面：转向更多的植物性饮食、控制人口增长、减少财政不平等以及开发方法解决已经存在大气中的CO。故选C项。 D The rise of generative AI by Western firms like OpenAI and Anthropic has concentrated technological power. Much like the early industrial revolutions, the development of AI appeared to have promoted us into an era where only a handful of firms — armed with vast source of funding, specific data, and deep-seated ecosystems — are set to dominate the market. However, it is challenged by DeepSeek, a new player, claiming its R1 reasoning model was developed at a fraction of the typical cost — $5-6 million versus hundreds of millions. This breakthrough depends on targeted optimizations (优化): mixed-precision arithmetic (算术), GPU load balancing, and YaRN context extension. These innovations reduce computational demands, potentially lowering barriers to AI development. Critically, DeepSeek’s approach builds on prior research and development fundamentals by Western firms. Open-source frameworks pioneered by well-funded labs enabled DeepSeek to refine existing technologies rather than starting from scratch. While its cost-efficiency could democratize (使民主化) AI by empowering startup companies, significant risks accompany its model. Security analysts warn that DeepSeek’s promises of impressive performance and low operational costs come with heightened risks. Critics have raised alarm bells around security, warning that its cost-effective, open-source design appears to come at the cost of strong safeguards — making it notably easy to generate harmful, insecure, or biased outputs. Studies suggest it produces harmful content at higher rates than Western models and collects sensitive user data (e.g. IP addresses) stored on Chinese servers, raising privacy concerns. Policymakers face a dual reality: DeepSeek breaks the assumption that AI dominance requires vast fund, yet its operational model introduces ethical dilemmas. The key to solving the problem lies in balancing competition with safety standards. Market strategies may shift toward efficiency-driven, open-source cooperation. Ultimately, DeepSeek’s emergence highlights a tension — democratizing AI while reducing risks of insecure outputs. In an era of rapidly evolving AI economics, DeepSeek’s breakthrough may serve as a catalyst (催化剂) for a broader, more inclusive technological revolution — one where competition, rather than concentration, defines success. 12. What is the key breakthrough claimed by DeepSeek in AI development? A. Reducing computational demands significantly. B. Building its AI system with a substantially lower cost. C. Creating a new form of mixed-precision arithmetic. D. Balancing GPU load more efficiently than previous models. 13. Which of the following statement is TRUE about DeepSeek regarding data practices? A. It refuses to share research with Western companies. B. Its models require expensive user subscriptions. C. It collects sensitive data stored on Chinese servers. D. It has strong safeguards to avoid generating harmful outputs. 14. What dilemma do policymakers face regarding AI development? A. Balancing technological competition with safety standards. B. Choosing between funding startups and established firms. C. Prioritizing data collection over user privacy. D. Promoting closed-source over open-source models. 15. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? A. The rise of generative AI by Western firms has led to market domination. B. DeepSeek faces criticism over its potential security risks. C. DeepSeek introduces a new era of AI democratization. D. DeepSeek challenges traditional AI development with a cost-efficient model. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了 DeepSeek的突破性崛起对AI行业格局的重塑，及其引发的技术民主化与安全风险的深层矛盾，并揭示了这一变革对政策制定与未来技术竞争范式的启示。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, it is challenged by DeepSeek, a new player, claiming its R1 reasoning model was developed at a fraction of the typical cost—$5-6 million versus hundreds of millions.(然而，新玩家DeepSeek对其提出了挑战，声称其R1推理模型的开发成本仅为典型成本的一小部分，仅为500万至600万美元，而不是数亿美元。)”可知，DeepSeek在人工智能发展方面的关键突破是以低得多的成本构建人工智能系统。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Studies suggest it produces harmful content at higher rates than Western models and collects sensitive user data (e.g. IP addresses) stored on Chinese servers, raising privacy concerns.(研究表明，它产生有害内容的速度高于西方模式，并收集存储在中国服务器上的敏感用户数据（如IP地址），引起了人们对隐私的担忧。)”可知，DeepSeek收集存储在中国服务器上的敏感数据。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Policymakers face a dual reality: DeepSeek breaks the assumption that AI dominance requires vast fund, yet its operational model introduces ethical dilemmas. The key to solving the problem lies in balancing competition with safety standards.(政策制定者面临双重现实：DeepSeek打破了人工智能主导地位需要大量资金的假设，但其运营模式引入了道德困境。解决问题的关键在于平衡竞争与安全标准。)”可知，在人工智能发展方面，政策制定者面临的困境是平衡技术竞争与安全标准。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“However, it is challenged by DeepSeek, a new player, claiming its R1 reasoning model was developed at a fraction of the typical cost—$5-6 million versus hundreds of millions.(然而，新玩家DeepSeek对其提出了挑战，声称其R1推理模型的开发成本仅为典型成本的一小部分，仅为500万至600万美元，而不是数亿美元。)”可知，本文主要讲的是DeepSeek的突破性崛起对AI行业格局的重塑，及其引发的技术民主化与安全风险的深层矛盾，DeepSeek在人工智能发展方面的关键突破是以低得多的成本构建人工智能系统，因此本文主要介绍的是DeepSeek以一种具有成本效益的模型挑战了传统的人工智能开发。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tang Poetry: Bridges Across Time Tang poetry, reaching its golden age during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), reflects society, nature, and human emotions with striking clarity. ___16___ Now let’s uncover how these verses still speak to modern hearts. ___17___ The “lüshi ”(律诗), an eight-line poem with demanding tonal rules, often describes landscapes or philosophical reflections. For instance, Li Bai’s Drinking Alone Under the Moon uses rhythmic patterns to combine loneliness with universal wonder, proving that structure fuels creativity rather than limiting it. These poems explore permanent themes.They convey joys and sorrows mirroring today’s struggles.Wang Wei’s Deer Enclosure presents solitude through an empty mountain forest, while Du Fu’s Spring Prospect expresses his sadness about war’s destruction using wilted flowers. ___18___ ___19___Translations of Wang Wei’s nature poems inspired 19th-century French Impressionists, while Ezra Pound’s adaptations of Li Bai reshaped Western modernist poetry. Today, AI programs analyze Tang metrics(诗韵) to compose new “ancient-style” verses, integrating tradition with technology. In Chinese education, Tang poetry is irreplaceable. Students memorize verses not just for exams but to connect with their heritage. ___20___ A 2023 study found students analyzing A Night Mooring at Maple Bridge improved metaphor interpretation skills by 40% compared to peers studying only modern texts. Teachers call it “emotional time travel” that bridges past and present. More than relics, Tang poems are alive — quoted in speeches, sung in pop songs, and even inspiring AI-generated art. Their endurance lies in speaking the unspoken, whether in 800 AD or the digital age. A. Tang poetry’s influence still evolves creatively. B. Remarkably, Tang poetry bridges East and West. C. Strict formats are seen as tools for artistic expression. D. Scholars use these poems to study Tang Dynasty fashion trends. E. Additionally, it contributes to cultivating the ability of thinking. F. Meanwhile, it reveals the inclusive, optimistic and brave spirit of the times. G. Such imagery connects modern readers to Tang-era hardships and hopes. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述唐诗在唐代达鼎盛，以严谨格式表达情感与哲思，主题永恒，影响跨中西且与时俱进，在教育中不可或缺，至今仍具生命力。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Tang poetry, reaching its golden age during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), reflects society, nature, and human emotions with striking clarity.(唐诗在唐朝（公元618到907年）达到了鼎盛时期，它以极高的清晰度展现了社会、自然以及人类的情感)”可知，前文提到唐诗精准反映社会、自然与情感，本句补充其对时代精神的体现，自然过渡到“唐诗如何打动现代人”的主题。故F选项“同时，它也展现了那个时代包容、乐观和勇敢的精神。”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据后文“The “lüshi ”(律诗), an eight-line poem with demanding tonal rules, often describes landscapes or philosophical reflections. For instance, Li Bai’s Drinking Alone Under the Moon uses rhythmic patterns to combine loneliness with universal wonder, proving that structure fuels creativity rather than limiting it.(“律诗”是一种由八行组成、有着严格音韵规则的诗歌形式，常用来描绘自然景色或进行哲学思考。例如，李白的《月下独酌》就通过韵律的运用将孤独与普遍的惊奇融合在一起，证明了结构能够激发创造力而非对其加以限制)”可知，后文以律诗为例，说明李白《月下独酌》通过韵律激发创造力，C句直接点出“格式并非束缚而是工具”，与例子呼应。故C选项“严格的格式被视为艺术表达的工具。”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“These poems explore permanent themes.They convey joys and sorrows mirroring today’s struggles. Wang Wei’s Deer Enclosure presents solitude through an empty mountain forest, while Du Fu’s Spring Prospect expresses his sadness about war’s destruction using wilted flowers.(这些诗歌探讨的是永恒的主题。它们传达了喜怒哀乐，反映了当今的种种困境。王维的《鹿柴》通过一片空旷的山林展现了孤独之感，而杜甫的《春望》则通过凋零的花朵表达了对战争破坏的悲痛之情)”可知，前文列举王维《鹿柴》的孤寂、杜甫《春望》的战乱之痛，G 句说明这些意象让古今情感相通，强化“永恒主题”的观点。故G选项“这种意象将现代读者与唐朝时期的艰难困苦和希望联系起来。”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Translations of Wang Wei’s nature poems inspired 19th-century French Impressionists, while Ezra Pound’s adaptations of Li Bai reshaped Western modernist poetry. Today, AI programs analyze Tang metrics(诗韵) to compose new “ancient-style” verses, integrating tradition with technology.(王维的自然诗作的译文启发了19世纪的法国印象派画家，而埃兹拉·庞德对李白诗作的改编则重塑了西方现代主义诗歌。如今，人工智能程序通过分析唐诗的韵律来创作新的“古风”诗篇，将传统与科技相融合)”可知，后文提到王维诗歌启发法国印象派、庞德改编李白影响西方现代诗，以及AI用诗韵创作新诗，A 句概括这种“持续且创新的影响”。故A选项“唐诗的影响仍在不断创新发展。”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In Chinese education, Tang poetry is irreplaceable. Students memorize verses not just for exams but to connect with their heritage.(在中国的教育体系中，唐诗是不可或缺的一部分。学生们背诵诗歌不仅是为了应试，更是为了与自己的文化传统建立联系)”以及后文“A 2023 study found students analyzing A Night Mooring at Maple Bridge improved metaphor interpretation skills by 40% compared to peers studying only modern texts. Teachers call it “emotional time travel” that bridges past and present.( 2023年的一项研究发现，学生在分析《枫桥之夜系泊》时，其比喻理解能力比只学习现代文本的同龄人提高了40%。教师们称这种学习方式为“情感时间旅行”，它将过去与现在连接了起来)”可知，前文说学生通过唐诗连接文化遗产，E 句补充其对思维的培养，与后文“分析《枫桥夜泊》提升隐喻理解能力 40%”的研究结果呼应。故E选项“同时，它有助于培养思考能力。”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The cave entrance opened like a stone mouth, breathing out damp air. Maya tightened her headlamp, its beam cutting through ___21___ darkness. “Stay close,” warned Ben, their guide. As their team of five walked deeper, the walls narrowed, revealing ___22___ patterns carved by ancient water. This mapping mission into Crystal Cave’s uncharted passages integrated science with raw ___23___. For hours, they crawled through tunnels shining with calcite veins (方解石脉). Maya was amazed at nature’s ___24___beauty until a sudden rockfall thundered behind them, sealing their exit, sealing their exit. Dust choked the air. Panic surged when Eva’s GPS failed. “We’re trapped!” she cried. Ben’s voice ___25___ the fear: “Save batteries. Follow the ___26___.” He meant the underground river’s flow — their only compass. Progress was ___27___. Knee-deep in icy water, Maya fought against ___28___ as rocks tore her gloves. With ___29___breaths, she focused on Ben’s instructions, nervous and warn out. When Leo suggested splitting up, Ben’s refusal was firm: “The outlet isn’t the impulsion to act respectively, but the wisdom to stay ____30____.” His calm felt like an anchor in the chaos. Hours seemed to turn into an exhausting march. Just as despair set in, Maya spotted a sliver of light glowing faintly. “Look! Moss (青苔) growing — we’re near an exit!” she cried. The team climbed with difficulty toward the light. Emerging at dusk, they collapsed on grass, trembling not from cold, but overwhelming ____31____. Back home, newspaper headlines called them heroes. Yet Maya knew true bravery wasn’t the ____32____ of fear in the cave, but the choice to ____33____ forward despite it. Real adventure, she realized, doesn’t test how far you travel underground, but how ____34____ you measure your own stress tolerance. The greatest darkness we face is never in the caves — it’s in the moment we ____35____ whether to turn back or trust the light within. 21. A. sudden B. absolute C. cruel D. visible 22. A. resolved B. twisted C. colored D. faded 23. A. interest B. technology C. adventure D. curiosity 24. A. delicate B. violent C. artificial D. random 25. A. sliced through B. came over C. set off D. ran across 26. A. voice B. compass C. current D. light 27. A. surprising B. painful C. lonely D. worthy 28. A. boredom B. despair C. sorrow D. tiredness 29. A. steady B. shallow C. calm D. slow 30. A. connected B. focused C. united D. closed 31. A. regret B. fear C. relief D. pride 32. A. cause B. absence C. enemy D. source 33. A. carry B. put C. look D. push 34. A. deeply B. strongly C. tightly D. widely 35. A. wonder B. deny C. realize D. believe 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了玛雅一行人在水晶洞探险时遇落石被困，GPS失灵后依向导本的指示沿地下河前行，拒绝分开行动。历经艰难找到出口。最后玛雅明白了真正的勇敢是直面恐惧前行，冒险考验的是抗压能力。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛雅把头灯的亮度调高了些，其灯光在一片漆黑中穿透而出。A. sudden突然的；B. absolute完全的；C. cruel残酷的；D. visible看得见的。根据上文“Maya tightened her headlamp, its beam cutting through”可知，用到了头灯说明周围一片漆黑，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：随着他们五人小组继续前行，四周的墙壁逐渐变窄，映入眼帘的是由古老水流侵蚀而成的扭曲图案。A. resolved决心；B. twisted扭曲；C. colored着色；D. faded褪色。根据后文“patterns carved by ancient water”指他们看到了由古老水流侵蚀而成的扭曲图案。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次对水晶洞未被探索过的通道的测绘任务将科学探索与原始的冒险元素相结合了起来。A. interest兴趣；B. technology技术；C. adventure冒险；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Crystal Cave’s uncharted passages”可知，洞穴没有被探索过，所以是冒险。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛雅对大自然那细腻的美惊叹不已，然而就在这时，一块巨石突然从后面滚落下来，堵住了他们的出路，彻底隔断了他们的去路。A. delicate细腻的，柔和的；B. violent暴力的；C. artificial人工的；D. random随机的。根据上文“patterns carved by ancient water”可知，玛雅对大自然那细腻的美惊叹不已，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：本的声音犹如利刃般斩断了恐惧：“节省电量。沿着水流的方向走。”A. sliced through切开；B. came over过来；C. set off突出；D. ran across偶遇。根据后文“the fear: “Save batteries.”指本的声音犹如利刃般斩断了恐惧。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：本的声音犹如利刃般斩断了恐惧：“节省电量。沿着水流的方向走。”A. voice嗓音；B. compass围绕；C. current水流，趋势；D. light光线。根据后文“river’s flow”可知，本建议沿着水流的方向走。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：前进十分痛苦。A. surprising惊人的；B. painful痛苦的；C. lonely寂寞的；D. worthy值得的。根据后文“Knee-deep in icy water”可知，前进过程痛苦。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：膝盖深陷在冰冷的水中，玛雅奋力与疲惫抗争，而岩石则不断撕扯着她的手套。A. boredom厌倦；B. despair绝望；C. sorrow悲伤；D. tiredness疲惫。根据下文“warn out. ”可知，被困在洞穴里，玛雅奋力与疲惫抗争，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她呼吸微弱的，一边紧张又疲惫，一边专注听着本的指示。A. steady稳定的；B. shallow（呼吸）微弱的，肤浅的；C. calm平静的；D. slow缓慢的。根据后文“nervous and worn out”可知，因为紧张和疲惫而呼吸微弱的。故选B。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当利奥提议分道扬镳时，本坚决拒绝了：“合作的真正意义并非在于各自行动的冲动，而在于保持团结的智慧。”A. connected连接；B. focused集中；C. united团结；D. closed关闭。根据上文“Leo suggested splitting up, Ben’s refusal was firm”可知，本不同意分开走，认为要团结在一起，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄昏时分他们走了出来，瘫倒在草地上，身体并未因寒冷而颤抖，而是因为极度的欣慰而微微颤抖着。A. regret后悔；B. fear恐惧；C. relief安慰，欣慰；D. pride骄傲。根据上文“Emerging at dusk, they collapsed on grass, trembling not from cold”可知，成功脱险，感到欣慰。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而玛雅明白，真正的勇敢并非是在洞穴中毫无畏惧，而是在面对恐惧的情况下仍选择勇往直前。A. cause原因；B. absence没有，缺席；C. enemy敌人；D. source来源。根据后文“of fear in the cave”指真正的勇敢并非是在洞穴中毫无畏惧，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而玛雅明白，真正的勇敢并非是在洞穴中毫无畏惧，而是在面对恐惧的情况下仍选择勇往直前。A. carry搬运；B. put放；C. look看；D. push推。根据上文“Save batteries. Follow the...”可知，他们在洞穴里被困选择勇往直前。故选D。 34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她意识到，真正的冒险，并非在于你深入地下探索的距离有多远，而在于你如何深刻地评估自己的抗压能力。A. deeply深刻地；B. strongly强烈地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. widely广泛地。根据后文“you measure your own stress tolerance”指深刻评估自己的抗压能力。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所面临的最黑暗的时刻，从来都不是在那些阴暗的洞穴——而是当我们意识到是应该转身而退，还是应该相信内心那束光的时候。A. wonder好奇；B. deny否认；C. realize意识到；D. believe相信。后文“whether to turn back or trust the light within”是她指出我们应该意识到是应该转身而退，还是应该相信内心那束光，来决定面临最黑暗的时刻是什么。故选C。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese opera, a special mix of music, dance, and dialogue, stands ____36____ a cornerstone (基石) of traditional Chinese performing arts. The root of Chinese opera ____37____(date) back to ancient celebrations and folk dances during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BCE), and it has developed into many different local styles since then. Among them, Peking Opera, which appeared during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912), is the most ____38____ (represent) one, known for its stylized movements, complex face painting, and unique vocal style. Similarly, Chaoju (Teochew Opera), ____39____ (originate) from Guangdong province, is famous for its graceful singing and lively performances, often featuring stories of local legends. Chinese opera helps pass down cultural values and traditions, with stories ____40____ (main) based on history and folk tales. The Legend of the White Snake, for instance, tells the story of Bai Suzhen, a white snake spirit, falling in love with a human, through ____41____ themes of love and betrayal (背叛) are explored. Costumes and makeup also play ____42____ exceptional role in storytelling. Each color carries symbolic meanings: red symbolizes loyalty, while white represents dishonesty. While preserving its traditions, Chinese opera ____43____ (embrace) modernity in recent decades. ____44____ (engage) modern audience, new adaptations combine traditional elements with modern technologies like multimedia and special effects. This timeless art form continues to develop, reflecting China’s cultural ____45____ (deep) and social changes. 【答案】36. as 37. dates 38. representative 39. originating 40. mainly 41. which 42. an 43. has embraced 44. To engage 45. depth 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国戏曲的起源、特点、文化价值以及在现代社会中的传承与发展。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国戏曲是音乐、舞蹈和对话的独特融合，是中国传统表演艺术的基石。“stand as”为固定短语，意为“作为……而存在”，符合语境。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国戏曲的起源可以追溯到周朝(公元前1046-256年)的古代庆祝活动和民间舞蹈，此后发展成许多不同的地方风格。date back to(追溯到)是谓语动词，与主语“The root”之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填dates。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其中，出现于清朝(1644-1912年)的京剧是最具代表性的一种，以其风格化的动作、复杂的脸谱和独特的唱腔而闻名。提示词修饰代词one，用形容词representative作定语，意为“典型的，有代表性的”。故填representative。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样，起源于广东的潮剧以其优美的唱腔和生动的表演而闻名，经常以当地传说的故事为特色。“(originate) from Guangdong province”作后置定语，originate(起源于)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“Chaoju (Teochew Opera)”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填originating。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国戏曲有助于传承文化价值观和传统，故事主要取材于历史和民间传说。提示词修饰介词短语“based on history and folk tales”，用副词mainly作状语，意为“主要地”。故填mainly。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：例如，《白蛇传》讲述了白蛇精白素贞爱上人类的故事，探讨了爱与背叛的主题。“through _____ themes of love and betrayal (背叛) are explored”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the story”，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作介词through的宾语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：服装和化妆在讲故事中也起着特殊的作用。play a/an...role in...是固定短语，意为“在……中起……作用”，且exceptional发音以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an修饰。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在保持传统的同时，中国戏曲在近几十年来也接受了现代性。embrace(欣然接受)是谓语动词，与主语“Chinese opera”之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“in recent decades”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填has embraced。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引现代观众，新的改编将传统元素与多媒体和特效等现代技术相结合。“(engage) modern audience”是“new adaptations combine traditional elements with modern technologies...”的目的，用不定式表目的；句首单词首字母大写。故填To engage。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种永恒的艺术形式继续发展，反映了中国的文化深度和社会变化。提示词作reflect的宾语，用名词depth，意为“深度”，不可数名词。故填depth。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，针对校园内存在浪费粮食的现象，学校决定举行抵制浪费粮食的活动。请你在学校英文报上写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1. 活动的理由及目的； 2. 具体的做法； 3. 发出倡议。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.适当增加细节以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给不计入词数。 Say No to Food Waste Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Say No to Food Waste Dear fellow students, With deep concern over the food waste on our campus, we’re launching an anti-waste campaign, aiming to promote a more economical lifestyle and protect resources. Food waste is a pressing issue in our school, with large amounts of food wasted in the canteen every day. Here are some practical ways we can make a difference. Firstly, take only what you can eat when dining. Additionally, it’s vital to keep the “Clean Plate Campaign” in mind by finishing our meals. Most importantly, we should share tips on saving food through posters, reminding others to cherish food. Every little effort counts. Let’s join hands to build a greener campus! Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生针对浪费粮食的现象，在学校英文报上写一封倡议书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 方法：way→approach 此外：additionally→besides 珍惜：cherish→value 紧迫的：pressing→urgent 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Most importantly, we should share tips on saving food through posters, reminding others to cherish food. 拓展句：Most importantly, we should share tips on saving food through posters, which can remind others to cherish food. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With deep concern over the food waste on our campus, we’re launching an anti-waste campaign, aiming to promote a more economical lifestyle and protect resources.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Firstly, take only what you can eat when dining.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Little boy, will you help an old man up the hill with his load?” These words were spoken by an old gray-headed man, who was drawing a hand-cart with a bag of corn in it. “I can’t. I am in a hurry,” said Hanson, who was hurrying to get to the playground, so that he might play with the boys before the morning class began. The old man sat down on a stone at the foot of the hill to rest himself and gather strength for the ascent (上坡). He stared after Hanson, and sighed as he thought of the days of his youth, now far back in the past. Tears were beginning to gather in his eyes, when another little boy, Jack, who was Hanson’s classmate and good friend, came up to him and said, “Shall I help you up the hill with your load?” The old man brushed his eyes with the sleeve of his coat, and replied, “I shall be very glad to have your help.” He then stood up, took the handle of his cart, and pulled with all his strength, with Jack pushing behind. When they reached the top of the hill, Jack discovered a hole in the bag on the under side, from which the corn was dropping out. Putting forth all his strength, he turned the bag, so that there might be no further loss of corn. “Thank you very much,” said the old man, as Jack set out upon a run for his school, “and may God reward you for your kindness.” But Jack was out of hearing before the old’s last words were spoken. When Jack reached the school, he was about ten minutes late, for which he received a mark (违纪记录). This was a very unusual thing for him, as he stood out among the students in his class for never being late. If he had told the reason for his being late to Miss White, the head teacher, he would have been forgiven; but he thought it would look a little like boasting (吹嘘，夸耀) to do so. So he took the mark without saying a word. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Curious, Hanson approached Jack when the school was over. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Knowing the truth from Hanson, Miss White resolved to do something the next morning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version： Curious, Hanson approached Jack when the school was over. Wondering why Jack was late for school, Hanson couldn’t help asking him. “I was helping an old gray-headed man push his cart,” responded Jack. Incredibly shocked, Hanson couldn’t resist recalling what he had seen and done this morning, lost in thought. A sense of shame seized him, his head lowered and face reddening. Having waved goodbye to each other, Hanson rushed to find Miss White without thinking twice and exposed the truth. Knowing the truth from Hanson, Miss White resolved to do something the next morning. When Jack entered his classroom without being late as usual the next morning, he was surprised to find there was a bunch of flowers on his desk. After a while, in came Miss White, who shared Jack’s good deeds with the whole class. Lasting applause lingered around the classroom and Jack was overwhelmed with great joy. Undoubtedly, a seed of kindness was deeply sowed in the heart of everyone present, particularly Hanson. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述小男孩Jack在上学途中主动帮助一位推车上坡的老人，因耽误时间迟到挨批却缄口不言；同学Hanson得知真相后羞愧认错，班主任Miss White公开表扬，最终美德在校园传递。 【详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“放学后，好奇的Hanson走向Jack。”可知，第一段可描写Hanson追问迟到原因、Jack如实回答、Hanson羞愧并主动向Miss White坦白。 ②由第二段首句内容“得知真相后，Miss White决定第二天做点什么。”可知，第二段可描写老师公开表扬Jack、全班鼓掌，美德在同学心中生根。 2.续写线索：追问原因——如实相告——羞愧坦白——公开表扬——全班共鸣——美德传递 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：respond→reply ②帮助：help→aid ③进入：enter→go into 情绪类 ①羞愧：shame→abashment ②惊讶地：surprised→astonished 【点睛】【高分句型1】Wondering why Jack was late for school, Hanson couldn’t help asking him.（运用了现在分词作状语和why引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】When Jack entered his classroom without being late as usual the next morning, he was surprised to find there was a bunch of flowers on his desk.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和动名词作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$