Unit 2 Home Sweet Home.(Section A)（语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练）- 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home. (Section A) （语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解：情态动词can和could 1 （一）can 和 could 用法与区别 1 （二）Can / Could 问句的回答方式 3 （三） 专题练习 3 二、基础讲解 4 （一）词汇讲解 4 （二）中考真题风格练习 5 三、分层精练 6 （一）单项选择 6 （二）单词拼写 7 （三）完成句子 8 （四）补全对话 8 一、语法讲解：情态动词can和could （一）can 和 could 用法与区别 功能 Can (现在时) Could (过去时 / 委婉语气) 核心区别 1. 能力 表示现在或一般性的能力。 She can speak three languages. Birds can fly. 表示过去的能力。When I was five, I could ride a bike. He could run very fast when he was young. 时态区别：can 表现在/一般能力；could 表过去能力。 2. 请求/许可 请求（较直接、非正式） Can I borrow your pen? You can go now. 请求（更礼貌、委婉、正式） Could you please open the window? Could I use your phone? 语气区别：could 比 can 更礼貌、委婉。 3. 可能性 理论/客观可能性（某事可能发生/存在）。 It can be very cold in winter here. Anybody can make mistakes. 表示现在的推测（否定或疑问句）： That can't be true! (不可能是真的) Can this news be real? (这消息可能是真的吗？) 表示现在或将来的可能性，但更不确定、更委婉。 We could go to the beach tomorrow if the weather is good. 表示过去的可能性： He could have been at home yesterday. (他昨天可能在家) 表示现在的推测（比can更不确定）： That could be John at the door. (门外可能是John) 可能性程度：  can 表理论/客观可能性或较强否定推测。 could 表较小可能性、更不确定的推测或过去可能性。 4. 建议 较少直接用于建议。 委婉地提出建议。 You could try calling him again. could 常用于委婉建议。 5. 虚拟语气/假设 不用于此意。 虚拟条件句 (与现在事实相反/将来不太可能)。 If I had time, I could help you. (可惜没时间) If it stopped raining, we could play. could 表示在非真实条件下可能发生的情况。 （二）Can / Could 问句的回答方式 问句功能 问句示例 肯定回答 (Yes) 否定回答 (No) 1. 询问现在能力 Can you swim? / Can she speak English? Yes, I/we/they can. Yes, he/she/it can. No, I/we/they can't. No, he/she/it can't. 2. 询问过去能力 Could you swim when you were 5? Could he run fast? Yes, I/we/they could. Yes, he/she/it could. No, I/we/they couldn't. No, he/she/it couldn't. 3. 请求 (Can you...?) Can you help me? Can you open the window? Yes, I can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / I'd be glad to. No, I can't. / I'm sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not. 4. 请求 (Could you...?) Could you pass me the salt? Could you speak louder? Yes, I can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / I'd be happy to. No, I can't. / I'm sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not. 5. 请求许可 (Can I...? / Could I...?) Can I borrow your pen? Could I use your phone? Yes, you can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / Go ah （三） 专题练习 1.When I was a child, I ______ count from 1 to 100 in English. A. can B. could C. am able to D. will can 2.— ______ you pass me the salt, please? — Sure, here you are. A. Can B. Could C. Will D. Should 3. It's usually sunny in summer here, but it ______ rain sometimes. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 4.The lights in his room are off. He ______ be at home now. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 5.— ______ I use your dictionary for a moment? — Of course you ______. A. Could; can B. Can; could C. Could; could D. Can; can 6.My grandfather ______ run very fast when he was a young man. A. can B. could C. may D. might 7.I ______ swim across the river last year, but I can do it now. A. can B. can't C. could D. couldn't 8.If we started early, we ______ catch the first train. A. can B. could C. will D. shall 9.Where's Mike? He ______ be in the library. He often goes there. A. can B. could C. can't D. mustn't 10.You look tired. You ______ go to bed earlier tonight. A. can B. could C. must D. need 二、基础讲解 （一）词汇讲解 1. invite 含义：邀请 用法：invite sb. to + 地点/活动；invite sb. to do sth.（邀请某人做某事） 例句：She invited all her friends to her birthday party. 2. yet 含义：还；已经（用于疑问/否定句）；然而（表转折） 用法： 疑问句/否定句：句末（如：Have you finished yet?） 转折：句首（Yet, he never gave up.） 例句：The movie hasn’t started yet. 3. borrow 含义：借入（从他人处获得某物） 用法：borrow sth. from sb.（从某人借某物） 注意：与 lend（借出）反义 例句：Can I borrow your pencil from you? 4. until 含义：直到…为止 用法： 时间点：not...until...（直到…才） 时间段：wait until + 时间 例句：He didn’t leave until the rain stopped. 5. dead 含义：死的（形容词，表状态） 用法：作定语或表语（a dead leaf；The battery is dead.） 易错点：区别 die（动词，动作） 例句：The flowers are dead because no one watered them. 6. clean up 含义：打扫干净；清理 用法：短语动词（clean up the room；clean it up） 拓展：cleanup（名词，大扫除） 例句：Let’s clean up the beach together! （二）中考真题风格练习 单项选择 1. —Could I ______ your dictionary? I left mine at home. —Sure. Here you are. A. lend B. borrow C. invite D. clean 2. The children ______ the playground after the sports meeting. A. cleaned up B. borrowed C. invited D. dead 3. —Have you finished your homework ______? —No, I need another 10 minutes. A. yet B. until C. dead D. borrow 4. We waited ______ midnight to see the lunar eclipse (月食). A. borrow B. until C. invite D. dead 5. The phone battery is ______. I need to charge it. A. clean B. dead C. yet D. borrow 词汇运用 6. （用borrow/lend填空） Could you ______ me your umbrella? It’s raining heavily. 7. （用until/yet完成句子） Don’t turn on the TV ______ you finish your homework. 8. （用invite的正确形式填空） They __________ (invite) us to their wedding next month. 9. 找出错误并改正： My grandfather died for five years. We miss him very much. 10. 将句子译成英语： “直到老师进来，学生们才停止说话。” 三、分层精练 （一）单项选择 1．— How long will you stay here? — I will stay here ________ next Monday. A．from B．for C．at D．until 2．The ________ in the bathroom needs to be cleaned twice a week. A．bedroom B．balcony C．living room D．toilet 3．Can I ________ your bike to go to the store? Mine is broken. A．lend B．borrow C．give D．pack 4．Could you please ________ the clothes and put them in the wardrobe? A．pack up B．hang up C．clean up D．take out 5．—Could you please take out the rubbish? —______ A．Thank you! B．You’re welcome! C．No problem. D．That sounds good! 6．—Lily, may I touch your goldfish? —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．can D．could 7．—Can you swim, Tim? —Yes, I ________. I always swim with my sister in my free time. A．can B．must C．need 8．— Peter, ________ you play the piano? — No, I can’t, but I can play the guitar. A．should B．can C．must D．need 9．I need to ________ my toys into different boxes before the move. A．sort B．borrow C．invite D．forget 10．—Have you seen the film Detective Chinatown 1900 ______? —Yes. I have______ seen it with my friends. A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet （二）单词拼写 11．Why don’t you (邀请) your friends to our home for dinner tonight, Simon? 12．There is a computer and a TV in the (live) room. 13．My uncle lives in a big flat with two (balcony). 14．Lily and her family live in a house with four (a room for sleeping). 15．The kids are washing their hands in the (浴室). 16．Don’t make your cat wet when you do (chore). 17．Could you please (打扫) the floor? It’s very dirty. 18．You need to (浇水) the flowers twice a month. 19．Lily often (借出) a helping hand to people in need. 20． (could) you help me find the hotel? 21．The old man was found (die) in the bedroom the next day. 22．We will wait here (直到) the rain stops. 23．My mother asked me to (打扫干净) my room this weekend. 24．Throwing the (垃圾) here and there is a bad habit. 25．The different (社区) in our town celebrate their cultural festivals in unique ways. （三）完成句子 26．从现在开始，请每个人小心保管你们的物品。 Everyone, please your things from now on. 27．They can only take a quick shower once a week.（改为一般疑问句） 28．The old man couldn’t see anything. (改为同义句) The old man see . 29．—Could I use your dictionary? Mine was left home.(做肯定回答) —Yes, . But remember to give it back to me. 30．can change, we, different, into, forms of energy, electricity (连词成句) . （四）补全对话 请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理、意思完整。一空一句。 Rose: Ann, could you please get me some water? Ann: Sure. What are you doing now? Rose: 31 Ann: Do you like it? Rose: 32 It’s too boring, but I have to do it. How about you? Ann: I hate sweeping the floor, too, but I like other chores. Rose: Really? 33 Ann: I like to make the bed and water the flowers. Rose: 34 Ann: Yes. I think it’s relaxing. And you? Rose: I agree. 35 A．I often help my mother do the dishes. B．Do you like doing the dishes? C．What do you want to do? D．No, not really. E．I’m sweeping the floor. F．It’s very boring. G．What chores do you like? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home. (Section A) （语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解：情态动词can和could 1 （一）can 和 could 用法与区别 1 （二）Can / Could 问句的回答方式 3 （三） 专题练习 3 二、基础讲解 5 （一）词汇讲解 6 （二）中考真题风格练习 6 三、分层精练 8 （一）单项选择 8 （二）单词拼写 10 （三）完成句子 13 （四）补全对话 14 一、语法讲解：情态动词can和could （一）can 和 could 用法与区别 功能 Can (现在时) Could (过去时 / 委婉语气) 核心区别 1. 能力 表示现在或一般性的能力。 She can speak three languages. Birds can fly. 表示过去的能力。When I was five, I could ride a bike. He could run very fast when he was young. 时态区别：can 表现在/一般能力；could 表过去能力。 2. 请求/许可 请求（较直接、非正式） Can I borrow your pen? You can go now. 请求（更礼貌、委婉、正式） Could you please open the window? Could I use your phone? 语气区别：could 比 can 更礼貌、委婉。 3. 可能性 理论/客观可能性（某事可能发生/存在）。 It can be very cold in winter here. Anybody can make mistakes. 表示现在的推测（否定或疑问句）： That can't be true! (不可能是真的) Can this news be real? (这消息可能是真的吗？) 表示现在或将来的可能性，但更不确定、更委婉。 We could go to the beach tomorrow if the weather is good. 表示过去的可能性： He could have been at home yesterday. (他昨天可能在家) 表示现在的推测（比can更不确定）： That could be John at the door. (门外可能是John) 可能性程度：  can 表理论/客观可能性或较强否定推测。 could 表较小可能性、更不确定的推测或过去可能性。 4. 建议 较少直接用于建议。 委婉地提出建议。 You could try calling him again. could 常用于委婉建议。 5. 虚拟语气/假设 不用于此意。 虚拟条件句 (与现在事实相反/将来不太可能)。 If I had time, I could help you. (可惜没时间) If it stopped raining, we could play. could 表示在非真实条件下可能发生的情况。 （二）Can / Could 问句的回答方式 问句功能 问句示例 肯定回答 (Yes) 否定回答 (No) 1. 询问现在能力 Can you swim? / Can she speak English? Yes, I/we/they can. Yes, he/she/it can. No, I/we/they can't. No, he/she/it can't. 2. 询问过去能力 Could you swim when you were 5? Could he run fast? Yes, I/we/they could. Yes, he/she/it could. No, I/we/they couldn't. No, he/she/it couldn't. 3. 请求 (Can you...?) Can you help me? Can you open the window? Yes, I can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / I'd be glad to. No, I can't. / I'm sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not. 4. 请求 (Could you...?) Could you pass me the salt? Could you speak louder? Yes, I can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / I'd be happy to. No, I can't. / I'm sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not. 5. 请求许可 (Can I...? / Could I...?) Can I borrow your pen? Could I use your phone? Yes, you can. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. / Go ah （三） 专题练习 1.When I was a child, I ______ count from 1 to 100 in English. A. can B. could C. am able to D. will can 【答案】B. could 【详解】句首 "When I was a child" 明确表示过去时间。表示过去的能力用 could。A (can) 是现在时，C (am able to) 也是现在时，D (will can) 结构错误。 2.— ______ you pass me the salt, please? — Sure, here you are. A. Can B. Could C. Will D. Should 【答案】B. Could 【详解】请求别人递盐，用 Could you...? 比 Can you...? 更礼貌、更常见，尤其是在稍微正式或对陌生人/长辈的场合。C (Will) 和 D (Should) 在此语境下不合适。 3. It's usually sunny in summer here, but it ______ rain sometimes. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 【答案】A. can 【详解】句子描述夏天通常晴朗，但"有时"下雨。这是指一种理论上的可能性或客观存在的可能性（夏天确实偶尔会下雨），用 can。B (could) 表示的可能性更小或更不确定，这里不需要。C (can't) 和 D (couldn't) 表示不可能，与句意相反。 4.The lights in his room are off. He ______ be at home now. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't 【答案】C. can't 【详解】 根据线索"他房间灯关着"，说话者非常确定他现在不可能在家（灯关着是强有力的证据）。表示非常确定的否定推测用 can't。B (could) 表示不确定的可能，D (couldn't) 不用于表示现在的否定推测（常用 can't），A (can) 表示可能，与句意相反。 5.— ______ I use your dictionary for a moment? — Of course you ______. A. Could; can B. Can; could C. Could; could D. Can; can 【答案】A. Could; can 【详解】第一空请求使用字典，用 Could I...? 更礼貌。第二空是给予许可，用现在时 can 表示"你现在可以用"。不能用 could 给予许可（could 表能力或请求，不表许可本身）。 6.My grandfather ______ run very fast when he was a young man. A. can B. could C. may D. might 【答案】B. could 【详解】"when he was a young man" 明确过去时间。表示过去的能力用 could。A (can) 是现在时，C (may) 和 D (might) 主要用于许可或可能性，不强调能力。 7.I ______ swim across the river last year, but I can do it now. A. can B. can't C. could D. couldn't 【答案】D. couldn't 【详解】"last year" 是过去时间，"but I can do it now" 表明现在能游过去，暗示过去不能。表示过去没有能力用 couldn't。C (could) 表示过去有能力，与句意相反。A (can) 和 B (can't) 是现在时。 8.If we started early, we ______ catch the first train. A. can B. could C. will D. shall 【答案】B. could 【详解】句首 "If we started early" 是虚拟条件句（假设我们早点出发，但实际可能不会或还没决定），表示在这种假设条件下可能发生的结果。主句用 could 表示"我们就可能赶上"。A (can) 用于真实条件句或现在能力，C (will) 和 D (shall) 表示确定性或意愿，与虚拟语气不符。 9.Where's Mike? He ______ be in the library. He often goes there. A. can B. could C. can't D. mustn't 【答案】B. could 【详解】根据线索"他经常去那里"，说话者推测 Mike可能在图书馆，但不是很确定（只是基于习惯的猜测）。表示不太确定的推测用 could。A (can) 表示理论可能性或较强能力，这里侧重推测。C (can't) 表示不可能，与句意相反。D (mustn't) 表示禁止。 10.You look tired. You ______ go to bed earlier tonight. A. can B. could C. must D. need 【答案】.B. could 【详解】说话者根据对方"看起来累"给出一个委婉的建议："你可以今晚早点睡"。Could 常用于提出建议，语气比 should 或 must 更温和、更有选择性。A (can) 表示能力或许可，不如 could 适合建议。C (must) 表示强烈要求"必须"，D (need) 表示"需要"，语气和适用性不如 could。 二、基础讲解 （一）词汇讲解 1. invite 含义：邀请 用法：invite sb. to + 地点/活动；invite sb. to do sth.（邀请某人做某事） 例句：She invited all her friends to her birthday party. 2. yet 含义：还；已经（用于疑问/否定句）；然而（表转折） 用法： 疑问句/否定句：句末（如：Have you finished yet?） 转折：句首（Yet, he never gave up.） 例句：The movie hasn’t started yet. 3. borrow 含义：借入（从他人处获得某物） 用法：borrow sth. from sb.（从某人借某物） 注意：与 lend（借出）反义 例句：Can I borrow your pencil from you? 4. until 含义：直到…为止 用法： 时间点：not...until...（直到…才） 时间段：wait until + 时间 例句：He didn’t leave until the rain stopped. 5. dead 含义：死的（形容词，表状态） 用法：作定语或表语（a dead leaf；The battery is dead.） 易错点：区别 die（动词，动作） 例句：The flowers are dead because no one watered them. 6. clean up 含义：打扫干净；清理 用法：短语动词（clean up the room；clean it up） 拓展：cleanup（名词，大扫除） 例句：Let’s clean up the beach together! （二）中考真题风格练习 单项选择 1. —Could I ______ your dictionary? I left mine at home. —Sure. Here you are. A. lend B. borrow C. invite D. clean 【答案】 B 【详解】 根据“I left mine at home”可知说话人想“借入”，用borrow（借入）。 2. The children ______ the playground after the sports meeting. A. cleaned up B. borrowed C. invited D. dead 【答案】 A 【详解】: 宾语“playground”需搭配清理动作，clean up（打扫）符合。 3. —Have you finished your homework ______? —No, I need another 10 minutes. A. yet B. until C. dead D. borrow 【答案】A 【详解】 疑问句中询问“是否已经完成”，句末用yet（还）。 4. We waited ______ midnight to see the lunar eclipse (月食). A. borrow B. until C. invite D. dead 【答案】 B 【详解】 “waited ______ midnight”表示“等到午夜”，until（直到）表时间终点。 5. The phone battery is ______. I need to charge it. A. clean B. dead C. yet D. borrow 【答案】 B 【详解】语境“需要充电”说明电池没电，dead（没电的）描述状态。 词汇运用 6. （用borrow/lend填空） Could you ______ me your umbrella? It’s raining heavily. 【答案】lend 【详解】“______ me your umbrella”意为“借给我”，主语“你”是借出方，用lend。 7. （用until/yet完成句子） Don’t turn on the TV ______ you finish your homework. 【答案】 until 【详解】 “Don’t...______ you finish”是“not...until”结构（完成作业前不要开电视）。 8. （用invite的正确形式填空） They __________ (invite) us to their wedding next month. 【答案】 will invite / are going to invite 【详解】 时间状语“next month”表将来，需用将来时。 9. 找出错误并改正： My grandfather died for five years. We miss him very much. 【答案】 died → has been dead 【详解】 “for five years”表持续状态，需用be dead；die是瞬间动词，不能接时间段。 10. 将句子译成英语： “直到老师进来，学生们才停止说话。” 【答案】The students didn’t stop talking until the teacher came in. 【详解】 “直到…才” → not...until... “停止说话” → stop talking “老师进来” → the teacher came in 三、分层精练 （一）单项选择 1．— How long will you stay here? — I will stay here ________ next Monday. A．from B．for C．at D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你会在这里待多久？——我会在这里待到下周一。 考查介词辨析。from从……；for为了；at在；until直到。根据题意可知，待在这直到下周一，连词until“直到”符合题意。故选D。 2．The ________ in the bathroom needs to be cleaned twice a week. A．bedroom B．balcony C．living room D．toilet 【答案】D 【详解】句意：浴室的厕所需要每周清洁两次。 考查名词辨析。bedroom卧室；balcony阳台；living room客厅；toilet厕所。根据句意可知，这里指浴室的厕所，其他名词表示的地方均不在浴室里。故选D。 3．Can I ________ your bike to go to the store? Mine is broken. A．lend B．borrow C．give D．pack 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我能借你的自行车去商店吗？我的坏了。 考查动词辨析。lend借出；borrow借进；give交给；pack打包。根据句意可知，此处表示“我的自行车坏了，想借你的自行车”，应用“借进来”borrow。故选B。 4．Could you please ________ the clothes and put them in the wardrobe? A．pack up B．hang up C．clean up D．take out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能把衣服挂起来放进衣柜里吗？ 考查动词短语辨析。pack up打包；hang up挂起；clean up打扫干净；take out拿出。根据“put them in the wardrobe”可知，此处是指把衣服挂起来放进衣柜，hang up“挂起”符合语境，故选B。 5．—Could you please take out the rubbish? —______ A．Thank you! B．You’re welcome! C．No problem. D．That sounds good! 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能把垃圾拿出去吗？——没问题。 考查情景交际。Thank you!谢谢你；You’re welcome!不用谢；No problem.没问题；That sounds good!那听起来不错。根据“Could you please take out the rubbish?”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，回答时应选择表示同意或回应的表达。故选C。 6．—Lily, may I touch your goldfish? —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．can D．could 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莉莉，我可以摸你的金鱼吗？——抱歉，恐怕你不能。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；couldn’t不能；can能够；could能够。根据“Sorry,”可知，此处是指不能摸金鱼，句子时态是一般现在时，用can’t表示。故选A。 7．—Can you swim, Tim? —Yes, I ________. I always swim with my sister in my free time. A．can B．must C．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 蒂姆，你会游泳吗？——是的，我会。我空闲时总是和姐姐一起游泳。 考查情态动词。can能够；must必须；need需要。根据“Can you swim”可知，回答用can。故选A。 8．— Peter, ________ you play the piano? — No, I can’t, but I can play the guitar. A．should B．can C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——皮特，你会弹钢琴吗？——不，我不会，但是我会弹吉他。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；can能，会，表达能力；must必须；need需要。根据“No, I can’t, but I can play the guitar.”可知，此处在询问能力。故选B。 9．I need to ________ my toys into different boxes before the move. A．sort B．borrow C．invite D．forget 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在搬家之前，我需要把我的玩具分类放进不同的盒子里。 考查动词词义辨析。sort分类；borrow借；invite邀请；forget忘记。根据“into different boxes”可知，此处是指把玩具分类放进不同的盒子里，sort...into...“把……分类放进……里”。故选A。 10．—Have you seen the film Detective Chinatown 1900 ______? —Yes. I have______ seen it with my friends. A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《唐人街探案1900》了吗？——是的。我已经和我的朋友们一起看过了。 考查副词辨析。already已经，通常用于肯定句中，放在句中或句末；yet还，已经，通常用于否定句和疑问句中，放在句末。根据第一个空所在句为一般疑问句可知，此处应该用yet，表示“你看过这部电影了吗？”；根据第二个空所在句为肯定句可知，此处应该用already，表示“我已经看过了”。故选B。 （二）单词拼写 11．Why don’t you (邀请) your friends to our home for dinner tonight, Simon? 【答案】invite 【详解】句意：西蒙，今晚你为什么不邀请你的朋友来我们家吃饭呢？invite“邀请”，动词，助动词don’t后接动词原形。故填invite。 12．There is a computer and a TV in the (live) room. 【答案】living 【详解】句意：在客厅里有一台电脑和一台电视。living room“客厅”，名词短语。故填living。 13．My uncle lives in a big flat with two (balcony). 【答案】balconies 【详解】句意：我叔叔住在一个带有两个阳台的大公寓里。two修饰可数名词balcony的复数形式。故填balconies。 14．Lily and her family live in a house with four (a room for sleeping). 【答案】bedrooms 【详解】句意：莉莉和她的家人住在一个有四个卧室的房子里。根据所给英文提示“a room for sleeping”以及句意可知，bedroom“卧室”符合句意，根据数词four可知，应用复数形式。故填bedrooms。 15．The kids are washing their hands in the (浴室). 【答案】bathroom 【详解】句意：孩子们正在浴室里洗他们的手。bathroom“浴室”，可数名词，此处特指某一个浴室，所以用名词单数形式。故填bathroom。 16．Don’t make your cat wet when you do (chore). 【答案】chores 【详解】句意：当你做家务时，别把你的猫弄湿。do chores表示“做家务”，为固定短语。故填chores。 17．Could you please (打扫) the floor? It’s very dirty. 【答案】sweep 【详解】句意：你能扫一下地吗？它很脏。sweep“打扫”，动词，句子是一般疑问句，句首有助动词could，句中谓语动词用原形，故填sweep。 18．You need to (浇水) the flowers twice a month. 【答案】water 【详解】句意：你需要每月给花浇水两次。浇水：water，need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故填water。 19．Lily often (借出) a helping hand to people in need. 【答案】lends 【详解】句意：莉莉经常向有需要的人伸出援助之手。“借出”用“lend”，此句是一般现在时，主语Lily是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。“lend a helping hand to sb.”表示“向某人伸出援助之手”，“lend”在句中作谓语，因为主语是第三人称单数，所以动词要加-s ，变为lends。故填lends。 20． (could) you help me find the hotel? 【答案】Could 【详解】句意：你能帮我找到酒店吗？could在疑问句中常用来表示礼貌的请求，句子开头，首字母大写。故填Could。 21．The old man was found (die) in the bedroom the next day. 【答案】dead 【详解】句意：第二天，老人被发现死在了卧室里。“find sb./sth.+形容词”是常用结构，表示“发现某人/某物处于某种状态”；die是动词，意为“死亡”，其形容词形式是dead，表示“死的；失去生命的”，用来描述老人被发现时的状态，故填dead。 22．We will wait here (直到) the rain stops. 【答案】until 【详解】句意：我们将在这里等到雨停。根据汉语提示可知，空格处需填写until“直到”，为连词，在本题中引导时间状语从句。故填until。 23．My mother asked me to (打扫干净) my room this weekend. 【答案】 clean up 【详解】句意：我妈妈让我这个周末打扫干净我的房间。ask sb. to do sth. 表示“要求某人做某事”，to后接动词原形， clean up“打扫干净”，与空前to构成动词不定式。故填clean；up。 24．Throwing the (垃圾) here and there is a bad habit. 【答案】litter/rubbish/trash 【详解】句意：到处扔垃圾是个坏习惯。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查litter/rubbish/trash“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填litter/rubbish/trash。 25．The different (社区) in our town celebrate their cultural festivals in unique ways. 【答案】communities 【详解】句意：我们镇上不同的社区以独特的方式庆祝他们的文化节。根据中文提示，community“社区”符合题意，different修饰名词复数，故填communities。 （三）完成句子 26．从现在开始，请每个人小心保管你们的物品。 Everyone, please your things from now on. 【答案】be careful with 【详解】be careful with sth“小心保管某物”，祈使句，be动词用原形。故填be careful with。 27．They can only take a quick shower once a week.（改为一般疑问句） 【答案】Can they only take a quick shower once a week? 【详解】句意：他们每周只能快速洗一次澡。分析句子可知，此句为含有情态动词can的句子，变一般疑问句，把can提到句首。故填Can they only take a quick shower once a week? 28．The old man couldn’t see anything. (改为同义句) The old man see . 【答案】 could nothing 【详解】句意：老人什么也看不见。couldn’t see anything=could see nothing“什么也看不见”，故填could；nothing。 29．—Could I use your dictionary? Mine was left home.(做肯定回答) —Yes, . But remember to give it back to me. 【答案】 you can 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的词典吗？我把我的落在家里了。——可以，但记得还给我。提问用的是“Could I...”，语气更委婉，并不是过去式，表示允许时，口语中通常用“Yes, you can.”来表示肯定允许，更自然、常见。故填you；can。 30．can change, we, different, into, forms of energy, electricity (连词成句) . 【答案】We can change different forms of energy into electricity 【详解】句子为陈述句，we为主语，can change为谓语，different forms of energy为宾语，into electricity为宾语补足语。change … into …“把……变成……”。故填We can change different forms of energy into electricity“我们可以将不同形式的能量转化为电能”。 （四）补全对话 请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理、意思完整。一空一句。 Rose: Ann, could you please get me some water? Ann: Sure. What are you doing now? Rose: 31 Ann: Do you like it? Rose: 32 It’s too boring, but I have to do it. How about you? Ann: I hate sweeping the floor, too, but I like other chores. Rose: Really? 33 Ann: I like to make the bed and water the flowers. Rose: 34 Ann: Yes. I think it’s relaxing. And you? Rose: I agree. 35 A．I often help my mother do the dishes. B．Do you like doing the dishes? C．What do you want to do? D．No, not really. E．I’m sweeping the floor. F．It’s very boring. G．What chores do you like? 【答案】31．E 32．D 33．G 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是一段谈论对做家务的看法的对话。 31．根据“What are you doing now?”可知，Rose需回答当前动作，选项E“我在扫地。”符合语境。故选E。 32．根据“Do you like it?”可知，Ann问Rose是否喜欢扫地，后文提到“It’s too boring”表明否定，选项D“不，不太喜欢。”符合语境。故选D。 33．根据“I like to make the bed and water the flowers.”可知，此处需询问具体喜欢的家务，选项G“你喜欢做什么家务？”符合语境。故选G。 34．根据“Yes. I think it’s relaxing.”可知，设空处应该为一般疑问句，且是问的喜欢某种家务吗，选项B“你喜欢洗碗吗？”符合语境。故选B。 35．根据“I think it’s relaxing. And you?”以及“I agree.”可知，Rose同意洗碗很放松，并补充自己的行为，选项A“我经常帮妈妈洗碗。”符合语境。故选A。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$