精品解析：新疆维吾尔自治区哈密市第十五中学2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试高一英语试卷 (考试时间120分钟 满分150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What instrument does the woman play? A. The piano. B. The guitar. C. The violin. 2. How long will the man be away? A. For two hours. B. For three hours. C. For four hours. 3. What do we know about Mrs Parker? A. She is shy. B. She is funny. C. She is serious. 4. What color is the man’s toothbrush? A. Blue. B. Green. C. Red. 5. Where could the speakers most likely be? A. In the man’s house. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 6. What is wrong with the man’s car? A. It is lent out. B. It is out of gas. C. It is being repaired. 7. What will the man do first? A. Pick up his parents. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to the woman’s house. 8. What is the boy’s favorite subject now? A. Math. B. Physics. C. English. 9. What did the woman think of history when she was at school? A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Easy. 10. What is the man doing? A. Asking for advice. B. Doing an interview. C. Answering questions. 11. Where does the woman work? A. In China. B. In Canada. C. In America. 12. When does the woman go to the dance club? A. On Mondays and Fridays. B. On Fridays and Saturdays. C. On Saturdays and Sundays. 13. Why is the man looking for Sandra? A. To have lunch with her. B. To ask her to attend a meeting. C. To ask her opinion about his article. 14. What will be discussed at the meeting? A. Job cuts. B. Further education. C. The Christmas party. 15. Why does the woman think the man needn’t worry? A. His article will help him. B. He is an experienced worker. C. He is one of the best in the company. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coworkers. B. College classmates. C. Roommates. 17. What is the speaker talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A website for volunteers. C. An environmental event. 18. How long do the volunteers need to work this Saturday? A. Three hours. B. Nine hours. C. Twelve hours. 19. Who can’t be a volunteer? A. People under 18. B. People who don’t register. C. People who are not in a group. 20. Which of the following is required to take? A. Designer gloves. B. A water bottle. C. Reusable shopping bags. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From the deserts to the rocky coastline, the United States offers a breathtaking range of natural landscapes. Here are some of its top picks, one in each state. Massachusetts Book an overnight stay at the Borden Flats Lighthouse in Massachusetts’ Taunton River for a taste of lightkeeper life. The tower wan built in 1881 to guide ships through the Mount Hope Bay, near the town of Fall River, Book months in advance for this self-catering flat with wonderful views. Connecticut With 650 feet of vertical (垂直的) drop, Connecticut’s Mohawk Mountain So Area might look modest, but its eight chairlifts provide access to 26 sidewinding trails (小径), many of which can be skied after dark thanks to night lighting. Toward the mountain top several trails connect with snowshoe and cross-country ski paths that go deeper into Mohawk State Forest. Colorado The Centennial State has nearly a hundred developed and undeveloped hot springs.The heated natural water is said to relieve pain and reduce stress. For the wellness road trip, start with the 720-mile Colorado Historic Hot Springs Loop from Denver to Pagosa Springs to Steamboat Springs, which highlights 17 destinations, including Glenwood Hot Springs Resort with its 405-foot-long main pool. Montana Helena, Montana’s laid-back capital, is often overlooked. But its location, at 3, 875 feet of elevation on the eastern slope (斜坡) of the Continental Divide, makes it a mountain biker’s dream. Seventy-five miles of trails include the Mount Helena Ridge Trail, where you’ll get views of the valley below. You might see wildflowers or a black bear. 1. What are you required to do to taste lightkeeper life? A. Buy a ticket to an old tower. B. Make reservations in advance. C. Follow ships in Taunton River. D. Take a boat tour in Fall River. 2. Where can you find Pagosa Springs? A. In Massachusetts. B. In Connecticut. C. In Colorado. D. In Montana. 3. Which of the following highlights Helena? A. Mountain biking. B. Rock climbing. C. A natural pool. D. A lighthouse. B In December 2018, Cheré Bautista had to face a fear that she had worried about since she was a teen. Then 36, Bautista had spent months searching for work and had finally been offered a job in the call center of a Seattle-area hospital. But at the last minute, the offer was rescinded due to something Bautista had kept secret for twenty years: She had never graduated from high school. “That was the lowest point in my life,” recalls Bautista. She has come a long way since her childhood. Raised by a single dad, she often had to take care of herself. At 16, she dropped out of high school to work and support herself. Gradually, Bautista built a life. By 2005, she had worked at a local bank. With each passing year, however, Bautista felt her career options (职业选择) narrowing. After nearly ten years in banking, she was getting burned out. She dreamed of becoming an accountant (会计), but knew that required a diploma (文凭). Meanwhile, her incomplete education made her feel uncomfortable socially. When the hospital call center job fell through, Bautista knew she’d reached a breaking point. “At that moment, it was just, ‘I have to fix this.’” After searching for local classes, Bautista came across a preparatory program on the Hopelink website. She’d known it ran a food bank, but was unaware Hope link also offered free adult education programs. Though Bautista was nervous about being in class, she refused to let that fear get in the way. “She always asked questions and was really open about what she understood and didn’t understand,” says Debbie Margolis, a teacher of Hopelink. Hopelink helped Bautista prepare for her GED test, which awards the equivalent of a high school diploma. She passed the test in six months in June 2019. Even today, Bautista recalls the relief she felt—“Just the weight lifting off my shoulders: I finally get this done.” 4. What does the underlined word “rescinded” mean in the first paragraph? A. Limited. B. Delivered. C. Identified. D. Cancelled. 5. What can we learn about Bautista from paragraph 2? A. She missed her childhood. B. She suffered many hardships. C. She supported a big family. D. She lived with her students. 6. One of the purposes of Hopelink is to ________. A. teach the locals how to save food B. design GED tests for young students C. provide adults with education courses D. help parents see their own strengths 7. Which of the following best describes Bautista? A. Determined. B. Demanding. C. Humorous. D. Generous. C Ecologists Dr. Matt Holden Dr. Andrew Rogers and Dr. Russell Yong observed their share house and its backyard in 2020, and discovered 1,150 unique species of animals and plants over a 12-month period. “We asked a large number of ecologists and conservation scientists how many species they’d expect to find in this setting and they said it could be only 200,”Dr. Holden said. “But after 60 days of surveying, we’d already discovered 777 species. It shows suburban (郊区的) houses and apartments could have far more biodiversity (生物多样性) than ever imagined, especially when it comes to insects.” The idea of the species count was born when Dr. Rogers went to clean spider’s webs (蜘蛛网) in his room and wondered how many spiders were in the house. “The three of us soon worked out a plan to check the house and backyard in search of other insects that lived alongside us,” Dr. Holden said. The survey showed richly biodiverse creatures, including 436 moth and butterfly species, 56 different spiders, and 56 birds. The researchers were also surprised to discover three species not previously recorded in Australia’s leading biodiversity database. “The house was a rich ecosystem of species interacting—we discovered unexpectedly a kind of moth, which spends its whole time feeding inside the waste of other animals before turning into an adult,” Dr. Holden said. Homes across all suburban areas could play host to similar biodiversity. “It depends on how people tend to their homes and gardens—keeping low maintenance trees and flowers and preventing chemicals used for killing insects will lead to the rising number of living creatures,” Dr. Holden said. “You don’t have to go travelling to connect with Australia’s different species of creatures. Just look in your own backyard.” 8. How many species did the three housemates discover in 12 months? A. 200. B. 436. C. 700. D. 1, 150. 9. What made Dr. Rogers get the idea of the species count? A. Cleaning his room. B. Observing the spiders. C. A talk with his friend. D. A mass of dead insects. 10. Which statement will Dr. Holden probably agree with? A. Australia has seen a jump in living creatures. B. Suburban backyards are home to diverse species. C. Wildlife tourism threatens animals and plants. D. People should keep their gardens free of insects. 11. Where is this text most likely from? A. A children’s story. B. A museum guide. C. A science magazine. D. A health report. D Microplastics (微塑料) pollute drinking water. Data now suggest all of us have microplastics in our bodies. Some plastics are harmful. Menake Piyasena, a professor at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, and his team worked on a new process. In the past, Piyasena used ultrasound (超声波) to separate microbes and other cells from water. He recalls thinking: “What if we can use the same method to concentrate on microplastics?” The researchers send polluted water down a tube. The tube’s water flows past a transducer, which turns electrical energy into sound energy. It makes ultrasound waves that travel from one side of the tube to the other. When they hit microplastics, these waves exert（施加）a force on the plastic bits. What happens next depends on the size of those plastic bits. Ones less than about 180micrometers across will move to the center of the flow. Larger ones will interact with each other and create an additional force. This sends those larger ones toward the other end of flowing water. The ultrasound treatment removed about four in every five plastic bits from the water. It took about 90 minutes to clean one liter. It cost only about 10 cents to do that. “We think our approach will be cost-effective and simple,” Piyasena says. “Microplastics are a problem worldwide,” says a research chemist Souhail Al-Abed, who works for the US Environmental Protection Agency. In his opinion, this tech is not yet ready to be rolled out for widespread use. “I’d like to express praise for Piyasena’s team that are conducting this research,” Al-Abed adds. “Research does not have all the answers on day 1 or day 2 or day 100. But continuing work by these researchers may find a good solution for the future.” 12. Why did the researchers turn to ultrasound in the new study? A. They proved it was harmless to humans. B. They managed to apply it to other studies. C. It produced enough energy to heat water. D. It enabled them to focus on the experiment. 13. What can we infer about the water treatment? A It might waste plenty of water. B. It will serve every family soon. C. It could lead to safer drinking water. D. It has been the most effective approach. 14. What is Al-Abed’s attitude to Piyasena’s research? A. Hopeless. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Positive. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Ultrasound Helps Remove Microplastics in Water B. Scientists Have Found the Cause of Water Pollution C. Efforts Are Made to Turn Microplastics into Energy D. Plastics Have a Bad Influence on Our Everyday Life 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A full holiday schedule of gatherings and celebrations can make staying fit seem much more difficult. ____16____. Keep moving. Lance Dalleck, a professor of sport science at Western Colorado University, says that small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. ____17____. Dalleck suggests getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activity. ____18____. “The holidays can affect your exercise and weight-control intentions. Start each day with a game plan, just like a great coach going into a big game,” says Dr. Nicholas DiNubile specializing in sports medicine. He recommends tracking your food intake and activity level. “Doing so makes you aware of the amount of calories (热量) in certain foods,” he says. Exercise early, sleep well and make lists. Chris Freytag, a personal trainer, says, “The holiday season is one of my favorite times of the year, but I recognize that it will be hard on my health.” ____19____. That way you don’t get distracted (分心) later in the day by parties, or other events. He also recommends getting plenty of rest and maintaining lists to stay organized and stress-free. Be creative and free of “all or nothing” mindsets (心态) The holidays are very busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mindsets when it comes to healthful eating and physical activity. “In fact, there is more than just one way to live healthfully and be active,” says Jessica Matthews, a professor in the College of Health Sciences in San Diego. “____20____.” A Be the person with a plan B. Have a very crowded schedule C. You’d better find a workout partner D. He recommends working out in the morning E. Actually, too much sitting is harmful to your health F. By exploring new activities, you can enjoy your holiday G. These expert-recommended tips can help you stay on track 第三部分 语言运用(满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 About 15 years ago, Oliver Muensterer packed his suitcase (行李箱) and traveled from his home to a town a few hours away. He had a job interview, so he ___21___ the evening beforehand. When he ___22___ the next morning, he took a shower and started to get changed. Just then, he noticed that he’d ___23___ to pack a white shirt “I thought I had prepared ___24___ for everything. I had a tie and my suit, but somehow I left the shirt behind,” Muensterer said. This discovery made Muensterer ___25___. He only had about an hour until he needed to be at the interview. He ___26___ to the front desk and asked the man behind the counter (柜台) if he could ___27___ a nearby store where he could buy a new shirt “He listened to my story. And I hardly had ended it when he said, ‘I have a ___28___,’” Muensterer remembered. But rather than ___29___ Muensterer to a nearby shop, the desk attendant did something ____30____. Without saying a word, he ____31____ his own white shirt and handed it to Muensterer. “So I put it on and I went to the ____32____. When I gave him back his shirt, he just smiled at me.” That ____33____ has stuck with Muensterer over the years. “Ever since, when I see someone who needs something, I’m very willing to ____34____. And I always remember that day when a ____35____ helped me out of trouble,” he said. 21. A. regretted B. laughed C. arrived D. chatted 22. A. stepped back B. turned back C. stood up D. woke up 23. A. forgotten B. hoped C. afforded D. begun 24. A. suddenly B. quickly C. perfectly D. secretly 25. A. excited B. worried C. curious D. proud 26. A. replied B. wrote C. attended D. rushed 27. A. suggest B. open C. remember D. clean 28. A. bill B. solution C. card D. coworker 29. A. calling B. inviting C. directing D. carrying 30. A. surprising B. tiring C. wrong D. stupid 31. A. waited for B. took off C. made up D. held on 32. A. flight B. station C. computer D. interview 33. A. moment B. price C. danger D. city 34. A. ask B. share C. hide D. joke 35. A. driver B. manager C. stranger D. passenger 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The ___36___ (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___37___ date back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 16th century—11th century BC). Over time, calligraphy took shape step by step as ___38___ form of art rather than just a means of record. Calligraphy is a difficult art. The type of brush, ink and paper can all affect the output. From brush direction ___39___ speed of writing, every turn of the wrist also ___40___ (matter). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (布局) as a whole influence ___41___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that even the feelings and values of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy. Lan Ting Xu, ___42___ (create) by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420), is one of the most celebrated ___43___ (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its expressive brushwork brought it both historical ___44___ cultural significance in Chinese literature. Calligraphy is also within reach, like the Spring Festival couplets (春联). Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, and where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The art is still ___45___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信倾诉汉语难学，想放弃后续学习课程。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1 给予安慰； 2. 提供建议； 3. 表达期待。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I hadn’t decided whether to fly home for Thanksgiving yet. I didn’t have the money for the ticket, plus I wasn’t sure I could get enough time off from my job. All that wondering changed when my mom called. She got right to the point: “Your grandmother isn’t well. Your dad and I decided I should fly out there for Thanksgiving.” Mom was an only child, so that made sense to me. But I was not ready for what I heard next. “We decided you should come along, so I cover your ticket.” As always, Mom’s plan went off all right. I met her at the airport. Mom was anxious to see her parents, especially her mother, who was really fragile(虚弱). When we finally got to their house, we said hello and then Grandpa helped Grandma lie down again and took us to the living room, telling us we would eat Thanksgiving dinner at noon. He went into the kitchen. Mom paced(踱步) the floor. I asked her what the matter was. “He can’t cook,” she shook her head. “How’s he supposed to fix a Thanksgiving meal for us?” I tried to reason with her. “Can’t you smell dinner? Grandma is upstairs resting. Grandpa is the only one who could be cooking.” But we couldn’t see through the kitchen door. Mom had an idea. “Let’s sneak out(溜出去) the front door and see what’s going on. Then we will know who is really cooking.” Grandpa had trouble hearing, so he didn’t hear us leave. It was a crazy plan. I followed her around the house to the kitchen windows. There we watched Grandpa fill water glasses and make coffee. “When did he learn to make coffee?” Mom asked. Quietly, we ran back around the side of the house and into the living room. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, the kitchen door opened at noon. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Wow, I can’t believe it! This smells so good,” I said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试高一英语试卷 (考试时间120分钟 满分150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What instrument does the woman play? A. The piano. B. The guitar. C. The violin. 2. How long will the man be away? A. For two hours. B. For three hours. C. For four hours. 3. What do we know about Mrs Parker? A. She is shy. B. She is funny. C. She is serious. 4. What color is the man’s toothbrush? A. Blue. B. Green. C. Red. 5. Where could the speakers most likely be? A. In the man’s house. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 6. What is wrong with the man’s car? A. It is lent out. B. It is out of gas. C. It is being repaired. 7. What will the man do first? A. Pick up his parents. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to the woman’s house. 8. What is the boy’s favorite subject now? A. Math. B. Physics. C. English. 9. What did the woman think of history when she was at school? A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Easy. 10. What is the man doing? A. Asking for advice. B. Doing an interview. C. Answering questions. 11. Where does the woman work? A In China. B. In Canada. C. In America. 12. When does the woman go to the dance club? A. On Mondays and Fridays. B. On Fridays and Saturdays. C. On Saturdays and Sundays. 13. Why is the man looking for Sandra? A. To have lunch with her. B. To ask her to attend a meeting. C To ask her opinion about his article. 14. What will be discussed at the meeting? A. Job cuts. B. Further education. C. The Christmas party. 15. Why does the woman think the man needn’t worry? A. His article will help him. B. He is an experienced worker. C. He is one of the best in the company. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coworkers. B. College classmates. C. Roommates. 17. What is the speaker talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A website for volunteers. C. An environmental event. 18. How long do the volunteers need to work this Saturday? A. Three hours. B. Nine hours. C. Twelve hours. 19. Who can’t be a volunteer? A. People under 18. B. People who don’t register. C. People who are not in a group. 20. Which of the following is required to take? A. Designer gloves. B. A water bottle. C. Reusable shopping bags. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From the deserts to the rocky coastline, the United States offers a breathtaking range of natural landscapes. Here are some of its top picks, one in each state. Massachusetts Book an overnight stay at the Borden Flats Lighthouse in Massachusetts’ Taunton River for a taste of lightkeeper life. The tower wan built in 1881 to guide ships through the Mount Hope Bay, near the town of Fall River, Book months in advance for this self-catering flat with wonderful views. Connecticut With 650 feet of vertical (垂直的) drop, Connecticut’s Mohawk Mountain So Area might look modest, but its eight chairlifts provide access to 26 sidewinding trails (小径), many of which can be skied after dark thanks to night lighting. Toward the mountain top several trails connect with snowshoe and cross-country ski paths that go deeper into Mohawk State Forest. Colorado The Centennial State has nearly a hundred developed and undeveloped hot springs.The heated natural water is said to relieve pain and reduce stress. For the wellness road trip, start with the 720-mile Colorado Historic Hot Springs Loop from Denver to Pagosa Springs to Steamboat Springs, which highlights 17 destinations, including Glenwood Hot Springs Resort with its 405-foot-long main pool. Montana Helena, Montana’s laid-back capital, is often overlooked. But its location, at 3, 875 feet of elevation on the eastern slope (斜坡) of the Continental Divide, makes it a mountain biker’s dream. Seventy-five miles of trails include the Mount Helena Ridge Trail, where you’ll get views of the valley below. You might see wildflowers or a black bear. 1. What are you required to do to taste lightkeeper life? A. Buy a ticket to an old tower. B. Make reservations in advance. C. Follow ships in Taunton River. D. Take a boat tour in Fall River. 2. Where can you find Pagosa Springs? A. In Massachusetts. B. In Connecticut. C. In Colorado. D. In Montana. 3. Which of the following highlights Helena? A. Mountain biking. B. Rock climbing. C. A natural pool. D. A lighthouse. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国各州的自然景观和旅游活动，如麻萨诸塞州的灯塔住宿、科罗拉多的温泉之旅、蒙大拿的山地自行车道等。 1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Book months in advance for this self-catering flat with wonderful views. (提前几个月预订这个自带美妙景观的自助式公寓。)”可知，想要体验灯塔守护者的生活，需要提前几个月预订住宿。B项（提前预定）符合题意，故选 B 项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“For the wellness road trip, start with the 720-mile Colorado Historic Hot Springs Loop from Denver to Pagosa Springs to Steamboat Springs, which highlights 17 destinations... (对于健康之旅，从丹佛开始，经过Pagosa Springs到Steamboat Springs的720英里的科罗拉多历史温泉环路，突出了17个目的地...)”可知，Pagosa Springs是科罗拉多州的一个地点，因此正确答案是In Colorado。故选 C 项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话“ Helena, Montana’s laid-back capital, is often overlooked. But its location, at 3, 875 feet of elevation on the eastern slope (斜坡) of the Continental Divide, makes it a mountain biker’s dream.  (海伦娜是蒙大拿州的首府，一个悠闲自在的地方，却常常被人们忽视。但是，它位于大陆分水岭东侧的斜坡上，海拔3875英尺，是山地自行车骑行者的梦想之地。)”可知，这句话描述了Helena是山地自行车骑行者的梦想之地，说明它的特色便是山地骑行，故选 A 项。 B In December 2018, Cheré Bautista had to face a fear that she had worried about since she was a teen. Then 36, Bautista had spent months searching for work and had finally been offered a job in the call center of a Seattle-area hospital. But at the last minute, the offer was rescinded due to something Bautista had kept secret for twenty years: She had never graduated from high school. “That was the lowest point in my life,” recalls Bautista. She has come a long way since her childhood. Raised by a single dad, she often had to take care of herself. At 16, she dropped out of high school to work and support herself. Gradually, Bautista built a life. By 2005, she had worked at a local bank. With each passing year, however, Bautista felt her career options (职业选择) narrowing. After nearly ten years in banking, she was getting burned out. She dreamed of becoming an accountant (会计), but knew that required a diploma (文凭). Meanwhile, her incomplete education made her feel uncomfortable socially. When the hospital call center job fell through, Bautista knew she’d reached a breaking point. “At that moment, it was just, ‘I have to fix this.’” After searching for local classes, Bautista came across a preparatory program on the Hopelink website. She’d known it ran a food bank, but was unaware Hope link also offered free adult education programs. Though Bautista was nervous about being in class, she refused to let that fear get in the way. “She always asked questions and was really open about what she understood and didn’t understand,” says Debbie Margolis, a teacher of Hopelink. Hopelink helped Bautista prepare for her GED test, which awards the equivalent of a high school diploma. She passed the test in six months in June 2019. Even today, Bautista recalls the relief she felt—“Just the weight lifting off my shoulders: I finally get this done.” 4. What does the underlined word “rescinded” mean in the first paragraph? A. Limited. B. Delivered. C. Identified. D. Cancelled. 5. What can we learn about Bautista from paragraph 2? A. She missed her childhood. B. She suffered many hardships. C. She supported a big family. D. She lived with her students. 6. One of the purposes of Hopelink is to ________. A. teach the locals how to save food B. design GED tests for young students C. provide adults with education courses D. help parents see their own strengths 7. Which of the following best describes Bautista? A. Determined. B. Demanding. C. Humorous. D. Generous. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了Cheré Bautista高中没有毕业，这使她在找工作事受挫，于是她参加了成人教育项目，开始学习，并参加了考试，获得了高中文凭。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“due to something Bautista had kept secret for twenty years: She had never graduated from high school.(由于包蒂斯塔保守了二十年的秘密：她从未高中毕业)”及第二段“‘That was the lowest point in my life,’ recalls Bautista.(“那是我人生中的最低点，”包蒂斯塔回忆道。)”可推断，她没有高中毕业，这使得她申请的工作没有通过，所以她很伤心，即她的申请被取消，画线单词意为“取消”与cancelled的意思最接近。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“She has come a long way since her childhood. Raised by a single dad, she often had to take care of herself. At 16, she dropped out of high school to work and support herself.(自从童年以来，她已经走了很长一段路。她由单亲父亲抚养长大，经常需要照顾自己。16岁时，她从高中辍学去工作养活自己)”可推断，Bautista曾吃过不少苦头。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“She’d known it ran a food bank, but was unaware Hopelink also offered free adult education programs.(她知道它经营着一家食品银行，但不知道Hopelink还提供免费的成人教育项目)”可知，Hopelink可以为成年人提供教育培训。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“At that moment, it was just,’ I have to fix this.’(在那一刻，我只是想，‘我必须解决这个问题。)”及第六段“Though Bautista was nervous about being in class, she refused to let that fear get in the way. “She always asked questions and was really open about what she understood and didn’t understand,” says Debbie Margolis, a teacher of Hopelink.(尽管包蒂斯塔对上课感到紧张，但她拒绝让这种恐惧妨碍她。“她总是提出问题，并且对自己理解和不理解的内容非常开放，”Hopelink的老师黛比·马戈利斯 (Debbie Margolis) 说道)”和最后一段中“She passed the test in six months in June 2019. (她在6个月后于2019年6月通过了考试)”可知，Bautista在课上提出问题，拒绝让自己的恐惧妨碍她，并在短短6个月就通过了考试。由此可推知，她意志坚定。故选A。 C Ecologists Dr. Matt Holden, Dr. Andrew Rogers and Dr. Russell Yong observed their share house and its backyard in 2020, and discovered 1,150 unique species of animals and plants over a 12-month period. “We asked a large number of ecologists and conservation scientists how many species they’d expect to find in this setting and they said it could be only 200,”Dr. Holden said. “But after 60 days of surveying, we’d already discovered 777 species. It shows suburban (郊区的) houses and apartments could have far more biodiversity (生物多样性) than ever imagined, especially when it comes to insects.” The idea of the species count was born when Dr. Rogers went to clean spider’s webs (蜘蛛网) in his room and wondered how many spiders were in the house. “The three of us soon worked out a plan to check the house and backyard in search of other insects that lived alongside us,” Dr. Holden said. The survey showed richly biodiverse creatures, including 436 moth and butterfly species, 56 different spiders, and 56 birds. The researchers were also surprised to discover three species not previously recorded in Australia’s leading biodiversity database. “The house was a rich ecosystem of species interacting—we discovered unexpectedly a kind of moth, which spends its whole time feeding inside the waste of other animals before turning into an adult,” Dr. Holden said. Homes across all suburban areas could play host to similar biodiversity. “It depends on how people tend to their homes and gardens—keeping low maintenance trees and flowers and preventing chemicals used for killing insects will lead to the rising number of living creatures,” Dr. Holden said. “You don’t have to go travelling to connect with Australia’s different species of creatures. Just look in your own backyard.” 8. How many species did the three housemates discover in 12 months? A. 200. B. 436. C. 700. D. 1, 150. 9. What made Dr. Rogers get the idea of the species count? A. Cleaning his room. B. Observing the spiders. C. A talk with his friend. D. A mass of dead insects. 10. Which statement will Dr. Holden probably agree with? A. Australia has seen a jump in living creatures. B. Suburban backyards are home to diverse species. C. Wildlife tourism threatens animals and plants. D. People should keep their gardens free of insects. 11. Where is this text most likely from? A. A children’s story. B. A museum guide. C. A science magazine. D. A health report. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了三位科学家在一年时间里一共发现了1150种不同的动植物。文章还说明了他们发现这些动植物的经过和意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ecologists Dr. Matt Holden, Dr. Andrew Rogers and Dr. Russell Yong observed their share house and its backyard in 2020, and discovered 1,150 unique species of animals and plants over a 12-month period.(生态学家马特·霍尔顿博士、安德鲁·罗杰斯博士和罗素·杨博士在2020年观察了他们的合租房屋及其后院，并在12个月的时间里发现了1150种独特的动植物)”可知，这三位室友在一年时间里一共发现了1150种不同的动植物。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea of the species count was born when Dr. Rogers went to clean spider’s webs (蜘蛛网) in his room and wondered how many spiders were in the house.(当罗杰斯博士在他的房间里清理蜘蛛网时，他想知道房子里有多少蜘蛛，于是产生了物种计数的想法)”可知，Dr. Rogers 在打扫卫生时萌发了在家盘点物种的想法。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The house was a rich ecosystem of species interacting(房子是一个物种相互作用的丰富生态系统)”及最后一段“Homes across all suburban areas could play host to similar biodiversity. “It depends on how people tend to their homes and gardens—keeping low maintenance trees and flowers and preventing chemicals used for killing insects will lead to the rising number of living creatures,” Dr. Holden said. “You don’t have to go travelling to connect with Australia’s different species of creatures. Just look in your own backyard.”(所有郊区的家庭都可以成为类似生物多样性的宿主。霍尔顿博士说:“这取决于人们如何照料他们的家园和花园——养护养护成本低的树木和花朵，防止使用化学杀虫剂，这将导致生物数量的增加。”“你不需要去旅行就能接触到澳大利亚不同种类的生物。看看你自己的后院就知道了。”)”可推断，Holden可能认同以下论述——城郊后院蕴含丰富的物种。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ecologists Dr. Matt Holden, Dr. Andrew Rogers and Dr. Russell Yong observed their share house and its backyard in 2020, and discovered 1,150 unique species of animals and plants over a 12-month period.(生态学家马特·霍尔顿博士、安德鲁·罗杰斯博士和罗素·杨博士在2020年观察了他们的合租房屋及其后院，并在12个月的时间里发现了1150种独特的动植物)”结合文章主要说明了他们发现这些植物的经过和意义。可推断，本文可能出自一本科学杂志。故选C。 D Microplastics (微塑料) pollute drinking water. Data now suggest all of us have microplastics in our bodies. Some plastics are harmful. Menake Piyasena, a professor at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, and his team worked on a new process. In the past, Piyasena used ultrasound (超声波) to separate microbes and other cells from water. He recalls thinking: “What if we can use the same method to concentrate on microplastics?” The researchers send polluted water down a tube. The tube’s water flows past a transducer, which turns electrical energy into sound energy. It makes ultrasound waves that travel from one side of the tube to the other. When they hit microplastics, these waves exert（施加）a force on the plastic bits. What happens next depends on the size of those plastic bits. Ones less than about 180micrometers across will move to the center of the flow. Larger ones will interact with each other and create an additional force. This sends those larger ones toward the other end of flowing water. The ultrasound treatment removed about four in every five plastic bits from the water. It took about 90 minutes to clean one liter. It cost only about 10 cents to do that. “We think our approach will be cost-effective and simple,” Piyasena says. “Microplastics are a problem worldwide,” says a research chemist Souhail Al-Abed, who works for the US Environmental Protection Agency. In his opinion, this tech is not yet ready to be rolled out for widespread use. “I’d like to express praise for Piyasena’s team that are conducting this research,” Al-Abed adds. “Research does not have all the answers on day 1 or day 2 or day 100. But continuing work by these researchers may find a good solution for the future.” 12. Why did the researchers turn to ultrasound in the new study? A They proved it was harmless to humans. B. They managed to apply it to other studies. C. It produced enough energy to heat water. D. It enabled them to focus on the experiment. 13. What can we infer about the water treatment? A. It might waste plenty of water. B. It will serve every family soon. C. It could lead to safer drinking water. D. It has been the most effective approach. 14. What is Al-Abed’s attitude to Piyasena’s research? A. Hopeless. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Positive. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Ultrasound Helps Remove Microplastics in Water B. Scientists Have Found the Cause of Water Pollution C. Efforts Are Made to Turn Microplastics into Energy D. Plastics Have a Bad Influence on Our Everyday Life 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍 Piyasena带领的科研团队通过实验发现，超声波有助于清除水中的微塑料。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In the past, Piyasena used ultrasound (超声波) to separate microbes and other cells from water. He recalls thinking: “What if we can use the same method to concentrate on microplastics?”(过去，Piyasena使用超声波从水中分离微生物和其他细胞。他回忆起当时想法：“如果我们能用同样的方法专注于微塑料呢？”)”可知，Piyasena的团队曾将超声波成功应用于其他研究项目 ，所以在此次研究中尝试采用同样的方法去除水中的微塑料。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Microplastics (微塑料) pollute drinking water. Data now suggest all of us have microplastics in our bodies. Some plastics are harmful.(微塑料污染饮用水。现在的数据表明，我们所有人体内都有微塑料。有些塑料是有害的)”以及第五段的“The ultrasound treatment removed about four in every five plastic bits from the water. It took about 90 minutes to clean one liter.(超声波处理从水中去除了大约五分之四的塑料碎片。大约花了90分钟清洗一升)”可推断，这种水处理方法可能会让我们的饮用水更安全。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““I’d like to express praise for Piyasena’s team that are conducting this research,” Al-Abed adds. “Research does not have all the answers on day 1 or day 2 or day 100. But continuing work by these researchers may find a good solution for the future.”(Al Abed补充道：“我想对Piyasena的团队进行这项研究表示赞扬。”“研究并没有在第1天、第2天或第100天得到所有答案。但这些研究人员的持续工作可能会为未来找到一个好的解决方案。”)”可推断，Al-Abed 对Piyasena的研究持肯定态度。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Menake Piyasena, a professor at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, and his team worked on a new process. In the past, Piyasena used ultrasound (超声波) to separate microbes and other cells from water. He recalls thinking: “What if we can use the same method to concentrate on microplastics?”(新墨西哥矿业学院教授Menake Piyasena和他的团队研究了一种新工艺。过去，Piyasena使用超声波从水中分离微生物和其他细胞。他回忆起当时的想法：“如果我们能用同样的方法专注于微塑料呢？”)”可知，本文主要介绍 Piyasena带领的科研团队通过实验发现，超声波有助于清除水中的微塑料。所以“超声波有助于去除水中的微塑料”适合作本文的标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A full holiday schedule of gatherings and celebrations can make staying fit seem much more difficult. ____16____. Keep moving. Lance Dalleck, a professor of sport science at Western Colorado University, says that small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. ____17____. Dalleck suggests getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activity. ____18____. “The holidays can affect your exercise and weight-control intentions. Start each day with a game plan, just like a great coach going into a big game,” says Dr. Nicholas DiNubile specializing in sports medicine. He recommends tracking your food intake and activity level. “Doing so makes you aware of the amount of calories (热量) in certain foods,” he says. Exercise early, sleep well and make lists. Chris Freytag, a personal trainer, says, “The holiday season is one of my favorite times of the year, but I recognize that it will be hard on my health.” ____19____. That way you don’t get distracted (分心) later in the day by parties, or other events. He also recommends getting plenty of rest and maintaining lists to stay organized and stress-free. Be creative and free of “all or nothing” mindsets (心态). The holidays are very busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mindsets when it comes to healthful eating and physical activity. “In fact, there is more than just one way to live healthfully and be active,” says Jessica Matthews, a professor in the College of Health Sciences in San Diego. “____20____.” A. Be the person with a plan B. Have a very crowded schedule C. You’d better find a workout partner D. He recommends working out in the morning E. Actually, too much sitting is harmful to your health F. By exploring new activities, you can enjoy your holiday G. These expert-recommended tips can help you stay on track 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在假期保持健康的建议。 【16题详解】 空格前的句子“A full holiday schedule of gatherings and celebrations can make staying fit seem much more difficult.(一个满是聚会和庆祝活动的假期安排会让保持健康看起来更加困难。)”是说假期里保持健康更加困难，而下文介绍的是假期保持健康的建议，所以空格处应该是一个承上启下的句子，引出下文的建议，所以G项“These expert-recommended tips can help you stay on track(这些专家推荐的建议可以帮助你保持在正轨上)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 空格后的句子“Dalleck suggests getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activity.(达勒克建议每隔30到60分钟站起来5分钟，做一些轻微的活动。)”是建议每隔30到60分钟站起来5分钟，做一些轻微的活动，为什么建议这么做呢？空格处的句子应该给出答案，空格处的句子应该是说久坐的危害，所以，E项“Actually, too much sitting is harmful to your health(事实上，久坐对你的健康有害)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 空格处是该部分的主题句，根据下文的内容““The holidays can affect your exercise and weight-control intentions. Start each day with a game plan, just like a great coach going into a big game,” says Dr. Nicholas DiNubile specializing in sports medicine.(“假期会影响你锻炼和控制体重的意图。每天从一个比赛计划开始，就像一个伟大的教练进入一场重要的比赛，”运动医学专业的尼古拉斯·迪努比博士说。)”可知，此处是建议制定计划，所以A项“Be the person with a plan(做一个有计划的人)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据小标题“Exercise early, sleep well and make lists.(早点锻炼，睡个好觉，列个清单)”和空格后的句子“That way you don’t get distracted (分心) later in the day by parties, or other events. He also recommends getting plenty of rest and maintaining lists to stay organized and stress-free.(这样你就不会在一天的晚些时候被聚会或其他事件分散注意力。他还建议多休息，并保持清单，以保持有序和无压力)”讲了多休息并保持清单可知，空格处的做法应该是不影响一天中晚些时候的锻炼活动，所以D项“He recommends working out in the morning(他建议早上锻炼)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据空格前的句子““In fact, there is more than just one way to live healthfully and be active,” says Jessica Matthews, a professor in the College of Health Sciences in San Diego.(圣地亚哥健康科学学院教授杰西卡·马修斯说：“事实上，健康生活和活跃的方式不止一种。”)”可知，空格处的句子应该是建议去探索新的活动，所以F项“By exploring new activities, you can enjoy your holiday(通过探索新的活动，你可以享受你的假期)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 About 15 years ago, Oliver Muensterer packed his suitcase (行李箱) and traveled from his home to a town a few hours away. He had a job interview, so he ___21___ the evening beforehand. When he ___22___ the next morning, he took a shower and started to get changed. Just then, he noticed that he’d ___23___ to pack a white shirt “I thought I had prepared ___24___ for everything. I had a tie and my suit, but somehow I left the shirt behind,” Muensterer said. This discovery made Muensterer ___25___. He only had about an hour until he needed to be at the interview. He ___26___ to the front desk and asked the man behind the counter (柜台) if he could ___27___ a nearby store where he could buy a new shirt “He listened to my story. And I hardly had ended it when he said, ‘I have a ___28___,’” Muensterer remembered. But rather than ___29___ Muensterer to a nearby shop, the desk attendant did something ____30____. Without saying a word, he ____31____ his own white shirt and handed it to Muensterer. “So I put it on and I went to the ____32____. When I gave him back his shirt, he just smiled at me.” That ____33____ has stuck with Muensterer over the years. “Ever since, when I see someone who needs something, I’m very willing to ____34____. And I always remember that day when a ____35____ helped me out of trouble,” he said. 21. A. regretted B. laughed C. arrived D. chatted 22. A. stepped back B. turned back C. stood up D. woke up 23. A. forgotten B. hoped C. afforded D. begun 24. A. suddenly B. quickly C. perfectly D. secretly 25. A. excited B. worried C. curious D. proud 26. A. replied B. wrote C. attended D. rushed 27. A. suggest B. open C. remember D. clean 28. A. bill B. solution C. card D. coworker 29. A. calling B. inviting C. directing D. carrying 30. A. surprising B. tiring C. wrong D. stupid 31. A. waited for B. took off C. made up D. held on 32. A. flight B. station C. computer D. interview 33. A. moment B. price C. danger D. city 34. A. ask B. share C. hide D. joke 35. A. driver B. manager C. stranger D. passenger 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 Oliver Muensterer去外地参加重要面试，忘记带白衬衫，酒店员工把自己的白衬衫给作者，作者准时到达并获理想职位，自此之后， Oliver Muensterer传承善行，乐于助人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有个工作面试，所以他提前一个晚上到了。A. regretted后悔；B. laughed笑；C. arrived到达；D. chatted聊天。根据上文“He had a job interview”可知，因为要参加面，所以提前到了。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天早上醒来时，他冲了个澡，开始换衣服。A. stepped back后退；B. turned back转身；C. stood up 站起来；D. woke up醒来。根据下文“he took a shower and started to get changed”可知，第二天早上醒来。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他注意到他忘了带一件白衬衫。A. forgotten忘记；B. hoped希望；C. afforded支付得起；D. begun开始。根据下文“but somehow I left the shirt behind”可知，他忘了带一件白衬衫。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我以为我已经为每件事做好了完美的准备。A. suddenly突然地；B. quickly快速地；C. perfectly完美地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“I thought”可知，作者原以为已经为每件事做好了完美的准备。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一发现使明斯特尔感到担忧。A. excited激动的；B. worried担忧的；C. curious好奇的；D. proud自豪的。根据常识可知，忘记白衬衫让他担忧。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他匆匆前往前台，问柜台后面的人是否可以推荐附近的商店，在那里他可以买到一件新衬衫。A. replied回复；B. wrote写；C. attended参加；D. rushed匆匆前往。根据上文“He only had about an hour until he needed to be at the interview.”可知，他匆匆前往前台，因为时间不够多。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他冲到前台，问柜台后面的人是否可以推荐附近的商店，在那里他可以买到一件新衬衫。A. suggest建议、推荐；B. open打开；C. remember记得；D. clean清扫。作者是外地人，不熟悉哪里有商店，所以问柜台后面的人是否可以推荐附近的商店。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还没说完，他就说：“有个解决办法”，明斯特尔回忆道。A. bill账单；B. solution解决方法；C. card卡片；D. coworker同事。根据下文“Without saying a word, he ___11___ his own white shirt and handed it to Muensterer.”可知，这是个解决办法。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但服务台服务员并没有指引斯特尔去附近的商店，而是做了一件令人惊讶的事。A. calling打电话；B. inviting邀请；C. directing 指导，指引；D. carrying携带。根据下文“Without saying a word, he ___11___ his own white shirt and handed it to Muensterer.”可知，但服务台服务员并没有指引斯特尔去附近的商店。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但服务台服务员并没有指指引斯特尔去附近的商店，而是做了一件令人惊讶的事。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. tiring令人疲惫的； C. wrong错误的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据“Without saying a word, he ___11___ his own white shirt and handed it to Muensterer.”可知，这让斯特尔很惊讶。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他二话没说，脱下自己的白衬衫，递给门斯特尔。A. waited for等待；B. took off起飞，脱下；C. made up组成；D. held on坚持。根据下文“handed it to Muensterer.”可知，是先脱下衬衫。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我穿上它去面试了。A. flight航班；B. station车站；C. computer电脑；D. interview面试，采访。根据上文“a job interview”可知，斯特尔穿上白衬衫去面试了。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，这一刻一直萦绕在门斯特尔的脑海里。A. moment时刻；B. price 价格；C. danger危险；D. city城市。根据下文“stuck with Muensterer over the years”陌生人借给斯特尔白衬衫的这一刻在他脑海中萦绕。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，当我看到有人需要什么，我非常愿意分享。A. ask问；B. share 分享；C. hide躲藏；D. joke开玩笑。根据上文“Ever since, when I see someone who needs something”可知，斯特尔的经历使他也很愿意去帮助别人，所以当看到有人需要什么，非常愿意分享与他们分享。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远记得那天，一个陌生人帮助我摆脱了困境。A. driver司机；B. manager经理；C. stranger陌生人；D. passenger乘客。根据上文“Oliver Muensterer packed his suitcase (行李箱) and traveled from his home to a town a few hours away”可知，斯特尔与借给他衬衫的服务员是陌生人。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The ___36___ (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___37___ date back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 16th century—11th century BC). Over time, calligraphy took shape step by step as ___38___ form of art rather than just a means of record. Calligraphy is a difficult art. The type of brush, ink and paper can all affect the output. From brush direction ___39___ speed of writing, every turn of the wrist also ___40___ (matter). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (布局) as a whole influence ___41___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that even the feelings and values of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy. Lan Ting Xu, ___42___ (create) by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420), is one of the most celebrated ___43___ (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its expressive brushwork brought it both historical ___44___ cultural significance in Chinese literature. Calligraphy is also within reach, like the Spring Festival couplets (春联). Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, and where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The art is still ___45___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage. 【答案】36. development 37. that 38. a 39. to 40. matters 41. its 42. created 43. masterpieces 44. and 45. highly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法的历史、艺术特点及其文化价值。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国书法的发展始于最早的汉字，可以追溯到商朝(公元前16世纪至公元前11世纪)。分析句式结构再根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式developmen作主语。故填developmen。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词characters指物，且先行词前有最高级the earliest修饰，所以应该用关系代词that来引导。故填that。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，书法逐渐成为一种艺术形式，而不仅仅是一种记录手段。意可知，此处是泛指“一种”一种艺术形式，且form的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：从笔触的方向到书写的速度，手腕的每一次转动都很重要。分析句意再根据上文的From可知，此处用介词to构成固定短语from…to表示“从……到……”。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：同上。根据上文的is可知，本句的时态为一般现在时，且主语every turn of the wrist是第三人称单数，所以空格处谓语动词应该用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填matters。 【41题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：个体人物的结构和整体的空间布局影响其品质。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词性物主代词来修饰名词quality。故填its。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：东晋时期(317-420)王羲之创作的《兰亭序》是中国书法最著名的杰作之一。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为create和Lan Ting Xu之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据上文的one of可知，one of后面应该跟可数名词的复数形式。故填masterpieces。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：其富有表现力的笔法使其在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义。分析句意可知，此处上下文之间是并列关系，所以用连词and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种艺术在今天仍然受到高度重视，因为它不仅仅是文字，它是一种活的遗产。分析结构可知，此处用提示词的副词形式highly作状语修饰动词valued。故填highly。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信倾诉汉语难学，想放弃后续学习课程。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 给予安慰； 2. 提供建议； 3. 表达期待。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, Learning that you’re feeling a bit discouraged in the process of learning Chinese, I want to assure you that learning a new language is indeed a process that requires time and patience, so don’t get discouraged — you’re on the right path. To help you excel in learning Chinese, I recommend practicing language skills on a daily basis, such as writing Chinese characters and mastering basic grammar. Equally important is finding language partners for communication, which enhances your spoken language skills. Additionally, engaging in various Chinese cultural activities can make learning more enjoyable. I am convinced that with consistent effort, you’ll make significant progress. Wish you great success in your Chinese learning! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国好友Peter回信，就如何学好汉语给他提供一些建议，并表达期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 气馁的，泄气的：discouraged→frustrated 重要的：important→essential/vital/critical 加强：enhance→strengthen 参与：engage in→participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, engaging in various Chinese cultural activities can make learning more enjoyable. 拓展句：Additionally, if you engage in various Chinese cultural activities, you will feel learning more enjoyable. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you’re feeling a bit discouraged in the process of learning Chinese, I want to assure you that learning a new language is indeed a process that requires time and patience, so don’t get discouraged — you’re on the right path.（运用了第一、二个that引导的宾语从句，第三个that引导的定语从句修饰先行词process） 【高分句型2】Equally important is finding language partners for communication, which enhances your spoken language skills.（运用了完全倒装结构及which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I hadn’t decided whether to fly home for Thanksgiving yet. I didn’t have the money for the ticket, plus I wasn’t sure I could get enough time off from my job. All that wondering changed when my mom called. She got right to the point: “Your grandmother isn’t well. Your dad and I decided I should fly out there for Thanksgiving.” Mom was an only child, so that made sense to me. But I was not ready for what I heard next. “We decided you should come along, so I cover your ticket.” As always, Mom’s plan went off all right. I met her at the airport. Mom was anxious to see her parents, especially her mother, who was really fragile(虚弱). When we finally got to their house, we said hello and then Grandpa helped Grandma lie down again and took us to the living room, telling us we would eat Thanksgiving dinner at noon. He went into the kitchen. Mom paced(踱步) the floor. I asked her what the matter was. “He can’t cook,” she shook her head. “How’s he supposed to fix a Thanksgiving meal for us?” I tried to reason with her. “Can’t you smell dinner? Grandma is upstairs resting. Grandpa is the only one who could be cooking.” But we couldn’t see through the kitchen door. Mom had an idea. “Let’s sneak out(溜出去) the front door and see what’s going on. Then we will know who is really cooking.” Grandpa had trouble hearing, so he didn’t hear us leave. It was a crazy plan. I followed her around the house to the kitchen windows. There we watched Grandpa fill water glasses and make coffee. “When did he learn to make coffee?” Mom asked. Quietly, we ran back around the side of the house and into the living room. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, the kitchen door opened at noon. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Wow, I can’t believe it! This smells so good,” I said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Finally, the kitchen door opened at noon. We peeked through the kitchen window and saw Grandpa carrying a large tray full of food. He placed it on the table and then motioned for us to come in. Mom and I looked at each other, mouths open in surprise. “Wow, I can’t believe it! This smells so good,” I said. We gathered around the table, and Mom served the food. As we took our first bite, we couldn’t help but smile. The turkey was tender and juicy, the mashed potatoes were creamy, and the gravy was rich and flavorful. The cranberry sauce and stuffing were homemade and delicious. “Grandpa, this is the best Thanksgiving dinner I’ve ever had,” I said, looking across the table at him. He smiled with pride. “I’m glad you like it. I learned to cook when your grandma got too sick to do it herself.” “I had no idea you could cook like this,” Mom said, shaking her head in amazement. “Well, there’s a lot about me that you don’t know,” Grandpa teased. We all laughed and continued to enjoy the delicious meal. It was a Thanksgiving that we would remember for a long time to come. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。外婆生病了，妈妈让作者回来一起去外婆家探望。外婆病得很厉害，只能躺在床上。外公说要给大家做感恩节大餐，但妈妈知道外公不会做饭，有点担心。于是他们偷偷站到厨房窗户外面看，妈妈看到外公竟然会煮咖啡了，她感到很惊讶。外公做了美味大餐，并解释说在外婆病的时候他就学会了做饭。这个感恩节将会让大家记很久。 【详解】1. 续写线索： 由续写第一段首句“终于，厨房的门在中午打开了。”可知，第一段可以描写他们看到了外公准备好了感恩节大餐，并示意大家坐在餐桌吃饭。 由续写第二段首句“‘哇，我简直不敢相信！闻起来真香，’我说。”可知，第二段可以描写他们品尝了外公做的大餐，发现它非常美味，大家过了愉快的一个感恩节，将会铭记很久。 2. 段落续写：厨房门打开——外公端上饭菜并叫大家进来坐——大家品尝后发现大餐非常美味——外公解释自己学会做饭的原因——大家享用了美味大餐，度过了一个愉快的感恩节——这一天会让大家铭记很久 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①放：place/put ②示意：motion/signal ③忍不住做：couldn’t help but do/ couldn’t help doing 情绪类 ①惊讶地：in surprise/surprisedly/in amazement ②骄傲地：with pride/proudly 【点睛】【高分句型1】“Grandpa, this is the best Thanksgiving dinner I’ve ever had,” I said, looking across the table at him.(使用了省略that的定语从句、现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】I learned to cook when your grandma got too sick to do it herself. (使用了不定式作宾语、when引导时间状语从句、too…to do…结构它) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$