2025年中考英语语法之语法之主谓一致课件

语法复习之 主谓一致 2 2 0 2 1 learning aims: 1.master the principle of subject predicate agreement; 2.Some problems in mastering subject predicate agreement 3 2 0 2 1 Bohu Senior High School 何为主谓一致？在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。 4 一 用单数的情况 5 1.由and连接的并列成分作主语时，如果主语指的是同一个人，同一个物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数 。 The singer and dancer has come. The singer and the dancer have come. 2.由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由 each, every no等修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. have the right to do sth 有权力做某事 3.Many a +单数名词（许多……）;more than one +单数名词(不止一个)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More than one is against your plan. More than one bird is on the tree. 6 4.当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志及组织机构等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New YorkTimes is read all over the United States. 5.表示时间，距离，价格，度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 1000 dollars isn’t a large amount money. Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 7 二 用复数的情况 8 1.一些只有复数形式的名词，如：police , cattle等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 Are there any police around? 2.由两部分构成的物体，如；glasses ,shoes ,trousers ,chopsticks ,scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 His glasses are on the desk. The pair of(一副) glasses is on the desk. 9 3.the+形容词表示一类人 ，如:the poor , the rich ,the young , the old, the dead , the sick , the brave等，作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 The old are respected in our country. 4.Quantities of+名词，谓语动词通常用复数。 Quantities of nuts were on the desk. 10 三 就近原则 11 A B C D 由连词not…only,but…also(不仅，而且) ,or或者 ,either…or（或者。。或者）, neither…nor（既不。。也不。 两者都不）,等连接的并列主语，谓语动词按就近原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。 Not only his sisters but also he often goes to park. 他的哥哥们和他的爸爸都不去工作 Neither his brothers nor his father goes to work. 2. there be句型，以here开头的句子，谓语动词用就近原则。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. there are some books and a pen on the desk. 12 四 哪些结构中的谓语动词要看具体情况来确定？ 13 1.主语后面跟有but(除了) , except（除了，表示后边跟的名词没有参与） , besides（除了表示后边的名词参与） , with(和，一起) , together with（连同，和，一起） , along with（和，连同） , as well as（同样，也） ,like（介词 ，像） , unlike（不像） , including（介词，包括）等引导的介词短语时，谓语动词与介词短语前面的主语一致。 The woman with three children is my aunt. 他和我的朋友们一块去了超市。 He with my friends goes to the supermarket. 2.集体名词family , audience , crew（全体人员） , crowd（人群） , class , company（公司） , committee（委员会） 等看作主语时，谓语动词用单数，看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 My family is a big one. My family are watching TV. 14 3.不定代词由all（所有） , most大多数 , some 一些, none没有 , rest其余 , half 一半,或由分数（百分数）名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。但要注意population（人口）一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. The population of China is 14 billion and 73% of population are peasants. 15 2 0 2 0 注意 ：all 当all指物时，谓语动词用单数；当all指人时，谓语动词用复数。 All is right. (指物) All are present. (指人) 16 4.A number of 大量的后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式; 但，the number of（...的数量）其谓语用单数。 A number of books have been sold out. The number of the students is 200. 5.定语从句中是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应该与先行词的数保持一致。 Those （who want to go） should sign your names here. 17 2 0 2 注意：在one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one 前是否有the（only）,the very/the 如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如果没有，就用复数形式。 This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. He was the only/very/the one of the students who was late for school. 18 小结 用复数的情况 就近原则 具体情况 1.the singer and dancer 2.every,each no 3.Many a, more than one 4.国家等专有名词 5.时间，距离，价格，度量衡等名词 1.police, cattle , glasses , shoes , trousers , chopsticks , scissors 2.The + 形容词 表示一类人 the poor 3.quantities of 1.but/except/besides/with/together/with/along with/as well as/ … 2.family/audience/crew/crowd/class/committee/company… 3.all/most/some/none/rest/half/population… 4.A number of / the number of 5.定于从句中 用单数的情况 1.not…only/or/either…or/neither…nor/not only…but also… 2.there be 19 2 0 2 0 do some exercises 20 1. Either he or I ____ (be)to go there? 2 My family____ (be) listening to the radio 3.A singer and dancer _____(be) present at the part. 4.My family ___(be) a big family. am are is is 语 法 填 空 21 1. our group is all going to visit the farm. Is--are 单 句 改 错 2. the number of people dying of cancer have been increasing. Have--has 3.more than one works have been fired. Have--has 4.the old is taken good care of in the community. Is--are 5. 80% of the e-mails is in English. Is--are 1. There ______a lot of milk in the bottle? A. are        B. is  C. were         D. has 单 项 选 择 2.zhang’s family____rather big, with twelve people in all. A. are        B. is  C. were         D. has 3.Nobody but Jane and Mary _____the secret. A. know        B. have known  C. knows         D. is known 4. All but one____here just now. A. are        B. is  C. was         D. were 5.The number of people invited____ fifty, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons. A. were , was        B. was , was  C. was, were          D. were , were 2 0 2 0 32 Exercise(二) 1.They said the eighteenth and last lesson ____uite easy. A. is B. was C. are D. were 2.---When are you going to Kumming for your holidays? ---I haven’t decided. ______ this Sunday ______ next Sunday is OK. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also 3.______ Helen ____Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B 4.____of them has his own opinion. A. Both谓语复数 B. Some谓语也是复数 C. Every不和of连用 D. Each 和of 连用 5. Are there any _______ on the farm? A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep（单复同形） 6. My shirt _____ white and my trousers _____ blue. A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are 7.------Two months ______ quite a long time. -Yes. I’m afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. The old man has two children but ____ of them lives with him. A. both（两者都） B. none（三者或三者以上都不） C. neither(两者不) D. all（三者或三者以上都）、 ABDDDDAC 9. Our knowledge of computer _____ growing all the time. A. be B. is C. are D. were 10. Everyone except Tom and John _____ there when the meeting began.不定代词谓语用单数 something anything, someone anyone A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. Most of the houses _______ this year. A. has built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built 12.I think maths _____ very difficult to learn. A. is B. are C. has D. have 13.A large number of students _____ to work in Xingjiang. A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going 14. The number of the students in the class ______ small. A. are B. is C. have D. were 15. There _____ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were BBDAABA 二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. _____ (be) everything OK? 2. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question. 3. Ten divided by two _______ (be) five. 4. Most of the drinking water ______ (be) from the Black River. 5. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day. 6. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision. 7. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together. 8. Bread and butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast. 9. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief. 10. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. 2 0 2 0 二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. _____ (be) everything OK? 2. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question. 3. Ten divided by two _______ (be) five. 4. Most of the drinking water ______ (be) from the Black River. 5. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day. 6. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision. 7. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together. 8. Bread and butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast. 9. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief. 10. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. 36 2 0 2 0 Homework Finish the exercise (二)on the paper. 37 2 0 2 0 Practice makes perfect. Thanks！ 38 $$