精品解析：北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷

昌平区2024—2025学年第二学期高一年级期末质量抽测 英语试卷 2025.7 本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Tuan Pham was feeling pretty good about himself as he approached the 12-mile mark of the Long Beach Half Marathon(马拉松). The___1___on Oct. 15, 2023, was the 47-year-old’s seventh such event, and he couldn’t wait to celebrate at the finish line with his teenage son, who had raced ahead. Pham took another step or two, and that was the last thing he___2___. He had no idea how he fell face-first to the ground, where he___3___without moving as runners skirted him. He had no heartbeat, nor was he breathing. Just as Pham___4___the ground, Ryan Chiu, a surgeon(外科医生)from Long Beach Medical Center, was leaving a restaurant a few feet away. Dr. Chiu___5___recognized what was happening. He ran to Pham’s side and began chest compressions(胸部按压). He enlisted the help of a bystander, who took over on compressions while Dr. Chiu___6___his hospital and told them to prepare an operating room and gather a surgical team. Minutes later, an ambulance arrived. Doctors lifted up Pham and___7___him to the hospital, with Dr. Chiu following in his own car. The surgery that Dr. Chiu performed was a___8___, and Pham is alive and well—well enough to return to the route of the Long Beach Half Marathon and pick up where he___9___. Pham likely wouldn’t have had that_____10_____if fortune hadn’t stepped in. If Chiu had left the restaurant early, he would never have seen Pham falling. “I can’t believe the first guy to see me fall, to show up and give me help, was a surgeon,” Pham told the reporter. “How lucky I am!” 1. A. run B. walk C. jump D. climb 2. A. expected B. wanted C. remembered D. tried 3. A. sat B. stood C. stopped D. lay 4. A. hit B. found C. covered D. left 5. A. immediately B. gradually C. especially D. naturally 6. A. searched B. called C. paid D. showed 7. A. allowed B. sped C. forced D. invited 8. A. warning B. reward C. success D. preparation 9. A. moved on B. backed up C. calmed down D. left off 10. A. connection B. opportunity C. challenge D. accident 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述在 2023年10月15日的长滩半程马拉松比赛中，47岁的Tuan Pham在接近12英里标记处突然倒地，心跳呼吸骤停，幸运地获得了医生的及时救助的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2023年10月15日的这场跑步比赛是这位47岁选手的第七次此类赛事，他迫不及待地想在终点线与跑在前面的十几岁儿子一起庆祝。A. run跑步；B. walk步行；C. jump跳跃；D. climb攀爬。根据“the Long Beach Half Marathon”可知，这是一场跑步比赛，run符合语境，故选A项。 2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pham又迈出了一两步，这是他记得的最后一件事。A. expected期望；B. wanted想要；C. remembered记得；D. tried尝试。根据“He had no idea how he fell face-first to the ground”可知，他摔倒后不知道怎么回事，所以又迈的这一两步是他摔倒前记得的最后一件事，remembered符合语境，故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不知道自己是怎么脸朝下摔倒在地的，他躺在那里一动不动，跑步者们绕过他。A. sat坐；B. stood站；C. stopped停止；D. lay躺。根据“fell face - first to the ground”可知，摔倒后他是躺在地上，lay符合语境，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在Pham摔倒在地的时候，长滩医疗中心的外科医生Ryan Chiu正从几英尺外的一家餐厅离开。A. hit撞击，摔倒；B. found发现；C. covered覆盖；D. left离开。根据上文“ he fell face-first to the ground”可知，这里指Pham摔倒在地，hit the ground“摔倒在地”，符合语境，故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Chiu医生立刻意识到发生了什么。A. immediately立刻；B. gradually逐渐地；C. especially尤其；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“a surgeon(外科医生)”以及下文“recognized what was happening.”可知，作为医生，看到有人倒地，应该是立刻意识到情况，immediately符合语境，故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他寻求了一位旁观者的帮助，这位旁观者接替他进行胸部按压，而Chiu医生打电话给他的医院，让他们准备一间手术室并召集一个手术团队。A. searched搜索；B. called打电话；C. paid支付；D. showed展示。根据下文“told them to prepare an operating room and gather a surgical team”可知，Chiu医生是打电话给医院安排这些事，called符合语境，故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生们抬起Pham，迅速将他送往医院，Chiu医生自己开车跟在后面。A. allowed允许；B. sped快速运送；C. forced强迫；D. invited邀请。根据常识可知，因为情况紧急，所以是迅速将Pham送往医院，sped符合语境，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chiu医生进行的手术很成功，Pham现在安然无恙——好到足以回到长滩半程马拉松的赛道上，从他停下的地方继续跑。A. warning警告；B. reward奖励；C. success成功；D. preparation准备。根据“Pham is alive and well”可知，手术成功了，success符合语境，故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Chiu医生进行的手术很成功，Pham现在安然无恙——好到足以回到长滩半程马拉松的赛道上，从他停下的地方继续跑。A. moved on继续前进；B. backed up支持，倒车；C. calmed down平静下来；D. left off停止，中断。这里指回到马拉松赛道从摔倒中断的地方继续，left off符合语境，故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不是运气介入，Pham可能不会有这个机会。A. connection联系；B. opportunity机会；C. challenge挑战；D. accident事故。根据下文“fortune hadn’t stepped in.”可知，Pham很幸运遇到了医生Dr. Chiu，所以才能重获新生，所以这里指Pham能康复并重返赛道的机会，opportunity符合语境，故选B项。 第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Halimatu is a young volunteer working in a village in Sierra Leone. While she was doing door-to-door visits, and encouraging communities to practice hand washing, people____11____(say) that they didn’t have running water and couldn’t afford soap.____12____(disappoint) by what they told her, Halimatu decided to learn how to make a tippy-tap, a hands-free way to wash your hands and is suited for villages. Halimatu____13____(help) more communities since then. 【答案】11. said 12. Disappointed 13. has helped 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了在塞拉利昂一个村庄工作的年轻志愿者哈利玛图的故事。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当她挨家挨户走访，鼓励社区居民洗手时，人们说他们没有自来水，也买不起肥皂。这里描述的是过去发生的事情，即过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。say的过去式为said，故填said。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对他们告诉她的情况感到失望，哈利玛图决定学习如何制作“tippy - tap”，这是一种免接触洗手的方式，适合村庄使用。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词decided，disappoint需用非谓语形式。be disappointed by是固定搭配，意为“对……感到失望”，这里省略be动词，用过去分词Disappointed作状语，故填Disappointed。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，哈利玛图帮助了更多的社区。根据时间状语“since then”可知，此处强调从过去某个时间（学习制作“tippy - tap”之后）开始一直持续到现在的动作，对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时。其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语Halimatu是第三人称单数，所以用has helped，故填has helped。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Oi Baishi (1864-1957) is one of the most well-known Chinese painters ____14____ the playful style of his watercolor works. In his painting “Mouse and Cat with a Lamp (灯)”, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole ____15____ a lamp is hung. Under the pole is a cat. Despite the image’s simple composition, the moving and still parts are both there, ____16____ (create) a striking situation. The images of mouse and cat are very different from each other, ____17____ causes a hearty laugh. 【答案】14. for 15. where 16. creating 17. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了齐白石及其水彩画作品《油灯猫鼠图》。 【14题详解】 考查介词。句意：齐白石(1864 1957)是中国最著名的画家之一，以他水彩画作品的俏皮风格而闻名。根据语境可知，此处表示“以……风格而闻名”，用介词for；be well-known for“因……而闻名”。故填for。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在他的画作《油灯猫鼠图》中，一只老鼠站在一根挂着灯的长杆顶端。“____ a lamp is hung”是定语从句，修饰先行词a long pole，关系将其代入从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管画面构图简单，但动静元素都有，营造出一种不可思议的情景。“(create) a striking situation”在句中作伴随状语，create(创造)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the moving and still parts之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：老鼠和猫形象彼此非常不同，这让人开怀大笑。“____ causes a hearty laugh”是非限定性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词将句中所述情况带入从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Active ____18____ (learner) do not accept everything they learn. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. Even when an idea sounds ____19____ (entire) unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about ____20____ they believe this. If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will increase your chance of learning something. 【答案】18. learners 19. entirely 20. why 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了积极的学习者不会盲目接受所学的一切，而是会探寻每个观点背后的真相，即便观点听起来荒谬，也可能有基于事实的一面，努力探寻想法的来源会增加学习的机会。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：积极的学习者不会接受他们所学的一切。提示词learner(学习者)作主语，结合谓语动词“do”可知，主语是复数名词。故填learners。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：即使一个想法听起来完全不可能，其中也可能有基于事实的一面。提示词修饰形容词unlikely，用副词entirely作状语，意为“完全地”。故填entirely。 【20题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：所以如果有人说恐龙今天仍然存在，想想他们为什么会这么认为。“____ they believe this”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“他们为什么会这么认为”，用连接副词why引导该从句，并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A FIRST(For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) is a global nonprofit organization that prepares young people for the future through team-based robotics programs for ages 4-18. FIRST hosts thousands of events around the globe annually. These events are made possible through the support of event volunteers who work along with others who really like the task of FIRST to run seasonal events at the local, regional, and even international levels. Event volunteers can be: ●FIRST graduates ●Non-profit organization staff supporting or participating in robotics programs ●Parents of robotics program students ●Teachers/Professors teaching or organizing science projects ●Experts in related fields(e.g., engineers, programmers) ●Employees of Tech companies ●Undergraduates and teachers in colleges As an event volunteer you will: ●Become responsible members of the global community who recognize that your collective skills can create meaningful changes in someone’s life, in the community, and even in the world. ●Join a community of like-minded individuals that support FIRST programs. ●Receive general FIRST training and training for your volunteer role. ●Gain valuable skills in certain fields that may be good for your future jobs. ●Have a chance to get training records of volunteerism. No matter what level you want to be involved in, there is a role for you, from safety workers to judges, and hosts to officials. Some roles require a little time with quick preparations on the day. Other roles require pre-event training and longer participation on event days. Technical and non-technical event volunteer roles are ready to support FIRST programs. How to sign up: First you should create an account in the FIRST website: sign-up is in the top right corner of this page or by clicking the “Start Volunteer Registration” button below. Then click the Volunteer Registration tab & choose “Volunteer at an Event”. You can search events by location and choose up to five roles. You must enter your e-mail: This email will be used to receive the result and get your password if you forget it. Before receiving an email to check your volunteer role, you should fill in a youth protection background survey. 21. Who is likely to become a FIRST event volunteer? A. FIRST participants. B. Science teachers. C. Government staff. D. Experts in business. 22. What will FIRST event volunteers receive from their work? A. Certain job offers in related fields. B. Small gifts for their time and effort. C. Basic training and role-specific preparation. D. Chances to meet individuals of various interests. 23. What do applicants need to do during the sign-up? A. Complete a background check. B. Check the result on the website. C. Create a new email account. D. Search for events by time. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了FIRST是全球非营利组织，通过机器人项目培养青少年，其活动需志愿者，介绍了志愿者类型、收获、角色及注册流程，鼓励人们参与。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Event volunteers can be部分“●Teachers/Professors teaching or organizing science projects(教授或组织科学项目的教师)”可知，科学教师有可能成为“FIRST”活动的志愿者。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据As an event volunteer you will部分“●Receive general FIRST training and training for your volunteer role.(获得FIRST的基础培训和针对具体角色的培训)”可知，参加活动的志愿者在工作中会得到基础培训以及针对具体岗位的准备指导。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Before receiving an email to check your volunteer role, you should fill in a youth protection background survey.(在收到确认你志愿者角色的邮件之前，你需要填写一份青少年保护背景调查)”可知，申请人在注册时需要完成背景调查。故选A。 B In a tech-driven world, Caine Monroy, a young inventive talent, stood out with his imagination and cleverness, proving that a cardboard box and a dream can produce something extraordinary. It began in 2011 when nine-year-old Caine spent his summer vacation at his father’s car parts store in East Los Angeles. With few friends to play with he found joy in making a cardboard game room with games like basketball goals, a toy-catching machine, and soccer. His creativity was endless, and he ran his game room with passion, charging $1 for two turns or $2 for a Fun Pass with 500 turns. Despite his creativity and hard work, at first, few people pay attention to Caine’s game room, due to its location with little foot traffic. However, Caine believed that one day he’d have customers. His game room was too good for people not to enjoy. He kept working every day, building, improving, and making it better. Then a documentary filmmaker, Nirvan Mullick, discovered the game room and was impressed by Caine’s determination, leading to a short film about him. The documentary “Caine’s game room” became popular on social media, reaching all over the world and inspiring many to value imagination and creativity. The documentary became popular, and suddenly, Caine’s game room became a widely big success. Hundreds of people lined up at the car parts store, eager to experience the wonder of the cardboard game room. The small, one-dollar games that once sat unnoticed and overlooked now attracted attention from all corners of the globe. It has also become an inspiration for teachers who use the concept for STEAM lessons and summer projects. Caine’s popularity as a speaker comes from his remarkable experience, with six Forbes features and over 250,000 media impressions worldwide. He has given two Ted X Talks and is preparing for a third. His speaking activities have taken him to famous events like the Cannes Lions Festival and locations including New York, San Francisco, USC, and the White House, all before his 18th birthday. Currently, Caine is studying at college and writing his first show book. He remains a popular speaker and is a role model for many young individuals, inspiring them to welcome their creativity. 24. Caine built the game room due to . A. his shortage of friends B. his popularity C. his endless ideas D. his expectations 25. How did Caine feel when no customers came to his game room? A. Upset. B. Angry. C. Hopeful. D. Surprised. 26. How did Caine gain global attention? A. The low price of his game room made him famous. B. Customers introduced his game room to more people. C. A documentary of his game room spread widely online. D. STEAM lessons he created with teachers became popular. 27. What can we learn from Caine’s story? A. Dream big and start small. B. Fortune favors the brave person. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Creativity invites luck to knock. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩凯恩利用纸箱搭建游戏室，起初少有人关注，后来一部纪录片使其闻名全球，他也成了很多年轻人的榜样。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With few friends to play with he found joy in making a cardboard game room with games like basketball goals, a toy-catching machine, and soccer. (由于几乎没有朋友一起玩，他在制作一个纸板游戏室中找到了乐趣，里面有篮球架、抓玩具机和足球等游戏)”可知，凯恩搭建游戏室是因为他缺少朋友。故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Despite his creativity and hard work, at first, few people pay attention to Caine’s game room, due to its location with little foot traffic. However, Caine believed that one day he’d have customers. His game room was too good for people not to enjoy. He kept working every day, building, improving, and making it better. (尽管他很有创意，也很努力，但一开始，很少有人注意到凯恩的游戏室，因为它的位置人流量很少。然而，凯恩相信有一天他会有顾客的。他的游戏室太棒了，人们不可能不喜欢。他每天都坚持工作，不断建造、改进，让它变得更好)”可知，当没有顾客来他的游戏室时，他依然满怀希望。故选C项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The documentary ‘Caine’s game room’ became popular on social media, reaching all over the world and inspiring many to value imagination and creativity. (纪录片《凯恩的游戏室》在社交媒体上走红，传遍了世界各地，激励了许多人重视想象力和创造力)”和第四段中“The documentary became popular, and suddenly, Caine’s game room became a widely big success. (这部纪录片走红后，突然间，凯恩的游戏室获得了巨大的成功)”可知，一部关于他游戏室的纪录片在网上广泛传播，让他获得了全球关注。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In a tech-driven world, Caine Monroy, a young inventive talent, stood out with his imagination and cleverness, proving that a cardboard box and a dream can produce something extraordinary.(在这个科技驱动的世界里，年轻的发明天才Caine Monroy凭借他的想象力和聪明才智脱颖而出，证明了纸箱和梦想可以创造出非凡的东西)”可知，本文主要讲述了Caine用纸箱打造游戏室并获得成功的励志故事，体现了创造力的重要性，所以从Caine的故事中我们知道了“Creativity invites luck to knock.|(创造力会带来好运)”。故选D项。 C Extreme weather events, such as tornadoes, can cause widespread damage to forests, leading to environmental and financial losses. When trees fall during these storms, ecosystems might be influenced, increasing forest management costs. As climate change worsens, severe storms are expected to become more frequent, making it important to understand how forests respond to wind stress. While previous studies have explored how trees react to wind, it is unclear whether these responses remain the same across different forest configurations. With this aim, a team of researchers led by Associate Professor Kana Kamimura, tested how trees move under various forest arrangements and weather conditions, including how trees withstand wind. The research aims to explain how winds directly impact trees and how trees reduce the stress from wind to survive. To achieve this, researchers set up two experimental areas of cedar trees, in November 2017. In the first plot, P-100 was made up of 3,000 trees per hectare, creating a thick forest. In the second plot, P-50, half of the trees were removed for this research, leaving 1,500 trees per hectare. Over two years, the team watched 24 trees in the dense (密集的) area and 12 in the thinned area, using tools to track the range of trees movement during various wind conditions. The tracking period included many typhoons, such as Typhoon Trami, in 2018, which caused significant damage to the thinned plot. The researchers found that cedar trees show two completely different swaying patterns depending on wind speed. In light winds, the trees swayed at around 2 to 2.3 cycles per second, with their branches taking in much of the wind energy, protecting the trunks and roots from wind stress. However, at higher wind speeds, the trees changed to a slower swaying pattern of 0.2 to 0.5 cycles per second. In this case, the whole tree swayed together, changing force across the trunk and roots, increasing the probability of breakage or uprooting. Interestingly, the change between these two swaying patterns occurred at different wind speeds, depending on the forest density. In the dense area, the trees switched patterns at wind speeds between 1.79 and 7.44 meters per second. In contrast, in the thinned plot, the change occurred at slightly lower wind speeds, ranging from 1.57 to 5.63 meters per second. This study offers valuable understanding for balancing thinning with wind resistance in forest management to support long-lasting forestry practices, and help forests go through extreme climate changes. 28. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The results of the previous studies. B. The practical reasons for the research. C. The potential effects of extreme weather. D. The challenges brought by climate changes. 29. What does the underlined word “configurations” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Areas. B. Sizes. C. Types. D. Layouts. 30. What can we infer from the study conducted by the researchers? A. The trees tend to sway more violently as the wind becomes stronger. B. The branches of trees took in most of the wind energy in strong wind. C. Planting trees in a thinned pattern can help protect trees from storms. D. Trees in thinned plots change their swaying pattern in lighter winds. 31. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To call on people to plant more trees in thinned area. B. To raise people’s awareness of environment protection. C. To offer ideas for a more reasonable forest management. D. To compare the different swaying patterns of trees in storms. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因极端天气频发，研究人员测试不同森林布局和天气下树木的反应，发现其摇曳模式随风速和密度变化，为森林管理提供参考。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Extreme weather events, such as tornadoes, can cause widespread damage to forests, leading to environmental and financial losses. When trees fall during these storms, ecosystems might be influenced, increasing forest management costs. As climate change worsens, severe storms are expected to become more frequent, making it important to understand how forests respond to wind stress.(极端天气事件，比如龙卷风，可能会对森林造成大面积破坏，从而导致环境和经济方面的损失。在这些风暴中树木倒塌时，生态系统可能会受到影响，进而增加森林管理的成本。随着气候变化的加剧，预计强风暴将会变得更加频繁，因此了解森林如何应对风力压力变得尤为重要)”可知，第一段主要说明了开展相关研究的现实原因，故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“With this aim, a team of researchers led by Associate Professor Kana Kamimura, tested how trees move under various forest arrangements and weather conditions, including how trees withstand wind.(为此，由副教授金木川领导的一组研究人员进行了相关测试，他们考察了树木在各种森林布局和天气条件下（包括树木如何抵御风力）的移动情况)”可知，先前研究探索了树木对风的反应，但不清楚这些反应在不同森林布局中是否相同”。故“configurations”指森林的布局、结构，即“layouts”。故划线词意思是“布局”。故选D。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Interestingly, the change between these two swaying patterns occurred at different wind speeds, depending on the forest density. In the dense area, the trees switched patterns at wind speeds between 1.79 and 7.44 meters per second. In contrast, in the thinned plot, the change occurred at slightly lower wind speeds, ranging from 1.57 to 5.63 meters per second.( 有趣的是，这两种摇摆模式之间的转变发生在不同的风速下，且取决于森林的密度。在茂密的区域，树木在风速介于1.79米/秒至7.44米/秒之间时会改变模式。相比之下，在疏伐过的区域，这种转变发生在稍低的风速下，范围在1.57米/秒至5.63米/秒之间)”可知，在疏伐后的林地中，树木在微风中摆动的模式会发生变化。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This study offers valuable understanding for balancing thinning with wind resistance in forest management to support long-lasting forestry practices, and help forests go through extreme climate changes.(这项研究为在森林管理中平衡树木的稀疏生长与抵御风力提供了宝贵的见解，有助于支持长期的林业实践，并帮助森林应对极端气候变化)”可知，文章最后一段明确指出，该研究为平衡森林疏伐与抗风性提供了见解，有助于更合理的森林管理和长期林业实践。因此，主要目的是为森林管理提供思路，故选C。 D This article was written by a human being, but AI technology that can automatically create text is on the rise in many areas. As people depend on such things, ensuring correct and clear responses and information to their users becomes important. Many familiar tools, including ChatGPT and others, appear very fluent in whatever they deliver, but their responses often include made-up content they produce and cannot be fully trusted. Users unfamiliar with the topic may mistakenly accept incorrect information, especially since AI presents responses with confident tones. “You can’t fail to notice how some AI systems can explain clearly while still producing often significant errors,” Professor Takamitsu Watanabe from the International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) told the reporter. “But what struck my team and me was a similarity between this behavior and that of people with Wernicke’s aphasia (失语症), where such people speak fluently but don’t always make much sense. That caused us to wonder if the way these AI systems work could be similar to those of the human brain affected by aphasia, and if so, what the reminders might be.” To explore this idea, the team used a method called energy landscape analysis, a technique originally developed by physicists seeking to visualize (视觉化) energy states, but which was recently adapted for neuroscience. They examined patterns in resting brain activity from people with different types of aphasia and compared them to internal data from several publicly available large language models (LLMs). And in their analysis, the team did discover some striking similarities. The way digital information or signals are moved around and guided within these AI models closely matched the way some brain signals behaved in the brains of people with certain types of aphasia, including Wernicke’s aphasia. “You can imagine the energy landscape as a surface with a ball on it. When there’s a curve (弯曲), the ball may roll down and come to rest, but when the curves are shallow, the ball may roll around everywhere,” Watanabe explained. “In aphasia, the ball represents the person’s brain state. In LLMs, it represents the continuing signal pattern in the model based on its instructions and internal dataset.” The research has several reminders. For neuroscience it offers a possible new way to group and track conditions like aphasia based on internal brain activity rather than just visible signs. For AI, it could lead to better testing tools that help engineers improve the structure of AI systems from the inside out. Though, despite the similarities the researchers discovered, they strongly advised not to make too many assumptions. 32. Professor Watanabe compares AI systems with aphasia patients to show . A. AI systems can explain clearly B. AI and aphasia brains are alike C. it is hard to improve AI system D. aphasia brains are affected by AI 33. What can we learn from professor Watanabe’s research? A. LLMs have copied human thinking process. B Aphasia patients can be cured for its obvious signs. C. Language signals are guided to certain area of brains. D. Problems occur during the process of signal moving. 34. What would be the best title for the passage? A. AI Overconfidence Mirrors Human Brain Condition B. AI Structure Reflects How Human Brain Develops C. AI Improvement Follows Human Brain Research D. AI System Reshapes Human’s Way of Speaking 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现人工智能系统的运作方式与患失语症的人类大脑有相似之处，该研究对神经科学和人工智能都有启示。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段Takamitsu Watanabe教授的话“But what struck my team and me was a similarity between this behavior and that of people with Wernicke’s aphasia (失语症), where such people speak fluently but don’t always make much sense. That caused us to wonder if the way these AI systems work could be similar to those of the human brain affected by aphasia, and if so, what the reminders might be.(但让我和我的团队震惊的是，这种行为与韦尼克氏失语症患者的行为有相似之处，这些患者说话流利，但并不总是有意义。这让我们想知道，这些人工智能系统的工作方式是否可能与受失语症影响的人类大脑的工作方式相似，如果是这样，会有什么启示)”可知，Watanabe教授将人工智能系统与失语症患者进行比较是为了表明人工智能和患失语症的大脑有相似之处。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The way digital information or signals are moved around and guided within these AI models closely matched the way some brain signals behaved in the brains of people with certain types of aphasia, including Wernicke’s aphasia.(在这些人工智能模型中，数字信息或信号的移动和引导方式与包括韦尼克氏失语症在内的某些类型失语症患者大脑中一些大脑信号的表现方式非常相似)”可知，数字信息或信号的移动和引导方式与包括韦尼克氏失语症在内的某些类型失语症患者大脑中一些大脑信号的表现方式非常相似，也就是说，在人工智能信号移动的过程中会出现类似于失语症患者大脑中出现的问题。故选D项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Many familiar tools, including ChatGPT and others, appear very fluent in whatever they deliver, but their responses often include made-up content they produce and cannot be fully trusted.(许多熟悉的工具，包括ChatGPT等，在提供内容时都显得非常流利，但它们的回答往往包含编造的内容，不能完全信任)”以及第二段中“But what struck my team and me was a similarity between this behavior and that of people with Wernicke’s aphasia (失语症), where such people speak fluently but don’t always make much sense.(但让我和我的团队感到震惊的是，这种行为与韦尼克失语症患者的行为有相似之处，这类患者说话流利，但并不总是有意义)”可知，文章主要讨论了AI系统的过度自信与人类大脑中失语症患者状态的相似性。故A项“AI Overconfidence Mirrors Human Brain Condition(人工智能的过度自信反映了人类大脑的状态)”最符合文章主旨，适合作文章标题。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Impostor syndrome is the feeling that people have when they doubt their abilities even when they have been successful or have received praise. They worry that one day, everyone will realize they are faking(假冒)it. It was first described in 1978, when researchers observed it in successful businesswomen. However, it can affect people of all sexes and careers. Studies estimate that 82% of people experience it at some point in their lives.____35____For example, women working in fields with male majorities or minority students often suffer from it. People with impostor syndrome have some shared characteristics.____36____When they succeed, they frequently credit their success to luck rather than their skills. Many are also uncomfortable receiving praise and often work harder than necessary to prove their worth. Many factors can contribute to impostor syndrome.____37____Children with controlling or overprotective parents often develop these feelings later in life. Starting something new, like a job or school program, can also cause impostor syndrome since people may be short of experience in their new roles. The good news is that people can take several approaches to overcome it. One method is to talk about your doubts with others. Sharing your feelings reduces loneliness and allows others to remind you of your true abilities.____38____Save positive feedback from others and track your achievements to serve as reminders whenever doubt arises. ____39____Focus on progress rather than excellence. When you make mistakes, view them as chances to learn instead of proof that you are a fake. Joining support groups can also help you realize that you are not alone in the fight against impostor syndrome. Remember that feeling like an impostor doesn’t mean you are one. By using these strategies to overcome impostor syndrome, you may stop feeling like a fake and truly enjoy your success. A. Another useful strategy is to stop trying to be perfect. B. Self-awareness can turn impostor syndrome into a growth tool. C. Research suggests that family upbringing plays an important role. D. High achievers in senior positions are more likely to experience it. E. They tend to be individuals who aim to be perfect in everything they do. F. It is also important to celebrate your successes instead of overlooking them. G. It is especially common among people who feel different from their age-mates. 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. C 38. F 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冒名顶替综合症，包括其定义、影响人群、特征、成因以及克服方法。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Studies estimate that 82% of people experience it at some point in their lives.(研究估计 82% 的人在人生的某个阶段会经历它)” 及下文 “For example, women working in fields with male majorities or minority students often suffer from it.(例如，在男性占多数领域工作的女性或少数族裔学生经常受其困扰)” 可知，空处承上启下，引出后文具体例子，说明冒名顶替综合症在特定人群中更普遍。故G选项“它在那些感觉与同龄人不同的人群中尤其常见” 符合语境，故选G。 【36题详解】 根据上文“People with impostor syndrome have some shared characteristics.(有冒名顶替综合症的人有一些共同特征)” 可知，空处与前文呼应，具体阐述冒名顶替综合症人群的特征。故E选项“他们往往是那些在做每件事时都力求完美的人)” 符合语境，故选E。 【37题详解】 根据上文 “Many factors can contribute to impostor syndrome.(许多因素会导致冒名顶替综合症)” 及下文 “Children with controlling or overprotective parents often develop these feelings later in life.(有控制欲或过度保护的父母的孩子在日后生活中经常会产生这些感觉)” 可知，空处承上启下，引出后文关于家庭教养对冒名顶替综合症影响的内容。故C选项“研究表明家庭教养方式起着重要作用” 符合语境，故选C。 【38题详解】 根据上文“One method is to talk about your doubts with others. Sharing your feelings reduces loneliness and allows others to remind you of your true abilities.(一种方法是与他人谈论你的疑虑。分享你的感受可以减少孤独感，并让他人提醒你自己的真正能力)” 可知，空处与前文并列，介绍克服冒名顶替综合症的另一种方法。故F选项“庆祝你的成功而不是忽视它们也很重要”，故选F。 【39题详解】 根据下文“Focus on progress rather than excellence. When you make mistakes, view them as chances to learn instead of proof that you are a fake.(关注进步而非卓越。当你犯错时，将它们视为学习的机会而不是你是伪装者的证明)” 可知，本段主要讲停止追求完美。故A选项“另一个有用的策略是停止追求完美” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节：(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There are countless metaphors for memory. It’s a leaky bucket, a steel trap, a paper container, and words written in sand. But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. Perhaps the comparison speaks to me because I have watched my kids create amazing villages of Lego bricks, only to be taken apart, put away and reconstructed, always with a similar overall structure but with little and occasionally major changes. Memory works this way, too, Greene and Murphy think. “As we walk down Memory road, the buildings we pass — our memories of individual events — are under repeated reconstruction,” Greene and Murphy write. In easy-to-understand writing, the book covers a lot of ground, from how we form memories to how delicate (精致的) those memories really are. Readers may find it interesting to learn how bad we all are at remembering why we did something, from small choices, like buying an album, to important ones. People change their reasoning — or at least, their memories of their reasoning — on these sorts of events all the time. Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. Don’t panic, the authors write. Digital fakes can influence memories, sure. Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. Forgetting may make our brains more efficient by removing unnecessary details so we can focus on the important memories. It may even keep us happier by allowing time to ease the painful experiences, the authors write. “We suggest accepting it just the way it is — imperfections and all.” 40. What are memories like according to psychologists Greene and Murphy? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What affects our memories in modem times? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can people do to avoid influences on memories in modern times? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They are like a Lego Tower: built from the ground up, broken down, put away, and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time. 41. Fake news and AI videos. 42. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. The authors say that memories being wrong and imperfect are features, not problems, as they result from a flexible memory system helpful for learning, planning and coping. 43. To avoid influences, people can develop critical thinking skills, verify information from reliable sources carefully, and be cautious about digital content like fake news and AI videos. Accepting memory’s imperfections also helps reduce unnecessary worry. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了格林和墨菲将记忆比作乐高塔，阐述其特性，提及现代虚假信息的影响，指出记忆的不完美是特点，建议人们接受它。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. (但你可曾想过，我们的记忆就像一座乐高积木塔：它是从底部开始搭建起来的，然后被拆解、收进箱子里，每次取出时又会以略微不同的形式重新搭建起来。心理学家奇亚拉·格林和吉莉安·墨菲在他们的新书《记忆长廊》中阐释了这一比喻。)”可知，根据格林和墨菲两位心理学家的观点，记忆就像乐高积木塔：从底部开始搭建，然后拆解、收起，每次都会以略微不同的形式重新搭建起来。故答案为They are like a Lego Tower: built from the ground up, broken down, put away, and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. (现代也出现了一些棘手的问题，比如假新闻和人工智能视频是否对我们的记忆有特殊影响，甚至制造虚假记忆。)”可知，假新闻和人工智能视频会影响我们的记忆。故答案为Fake news and AI videos. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. (格林和墨菲反复传递出这样一种令人宽慰的信息：我们的记忆可能会有错误和不完整之处，但这些只是特点，并非问题所在。这些不完美之处是灵活的记忆系统所产生的结果，这种系统使我们能够从过去吸取经验、规划未来并应对意外事件。)”可知，错误部分为“and it is the problem of our memory”，我们在记忆事物时都会犯错，这是我们的记忆所存在的问题。作者们表示，记忆的错误和不完美是其特征，并非问题所在，因为它们是由有助于学习、规划和应对的灵活记忆系统所导致的。故答案为We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. The authors say that memories being wrong and imperfect are features, not problems, as they result from a flexible memory system helpful for learning, planning and coping. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“在当今社会，人们可以采取哪些措施来避免记忆受到不良影响呢？”可回答：为避免受骗，人们可以培养批判性思维能力，仔细核实可靠来源的信息，并对假新闻和AI视频等数字内容保持警惕。接受记忆的不完美也有助于减少不必要的担忧。故答案为To avoid influences, people can develop critical thinking skills, verify information from reliable sources carefully, and be cautious about digital content like fake news and AI videos. Accepting memory’s imperfections also helps reduce unnecessary worry. 第二节：书面表达(20分) 44. 假设你是高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jin写信询问你校校园环保社团“绿芽行动社(Green Sprout Initiative)”的相关情况，请给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。 内容包括：1.社团的基本情况(创建时间、目的、创办人等); 2.社团活动具体内容。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to tell you about our school’s “Green Sprout Initiative”. It was founded in 2018 by Ms. Li, a biology teacher, aiming to raise students’ environmental awareness and make our campus greener. We have various activities. Every Friday afternoon, we organize tree-planting and flower-growing in the school garden. We also hold workshops on recycling, teaching students to sort waste and reuse materials. Last month, we launched a “No Plastic” campaign, encouraging everyone to use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. It’s a meaningful club where we learn to protect the environment together. Do you have similar clubs in your school? Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jin给写一封邮件，介绍“绿芽行动社”的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 建立：found→set up 使用：use→utilize 各种各样：various→a variety of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It was founded in 2018 by Ms. Li, a biology teacher, aiming to raise students’ environmental awareness and make our campus greener. 拓展句：It was founded in 2018 by Ms. Li, who is a biology teacher, aiming to raise students’ environmental awareness and make our campus greener. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s a meaningful club where we learn to protect the environment together. (运用了where引导定语从句) 【高分句型2】Last month, we launched a “No Plastic” campaign, encouraging everyone to use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 昌平区2024—2025学年第二学期高一年级期末质量抽测 英语试卷 2025.7 本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Tuan Pham was feeling pretty good about himself as he approached the 12-mile mark of the Long Beach Half Marathon(马拉松). The___1___on Oct. 15, 2023, was the 47-year-old’s seventh such event, and he couldn’t wait to celebrate at the finish line with his teenage son, who had raced ahead. Pham took another step or two, and that was the last thing he___2___. He had no idea how he fell face-first to the ground, where he___3___without moving as runners skirted him. He had no heartbeat, nor was he breathing. Just as Pham___4___the ground, Ryan Chiu, a surgeon(外科医生)from Long Beach Medical Center, was leaving a restaurant a few feet away. Dr. Chiu___5___recognized what was happening. He ran to Pham’s side and began chest compressions(胸部按压). He enlisted the help of a bystander, who took over on compressions while Dr. Chiu___6___his hospital and told them to prepare an operating room and gather a surgical team. Minutes later, an ambulance arrived. Doctors lifted up Pham and___7___him to the hospital, with Dr. Chiu following in his own car. The surgery that Dr. Chiu performed was a___8___, and Pham is alive and well—well enough to return to the route of the Long Beach Half Marathon and pick up where he___9___. Pham likely wouldn’t have had that_____10_____if fortune hadn’t stepped in. If Chiu had left the restaurant early, he would never have seen Pham falling. “I can’t believe the first guy to see me fall, to show up and give me help, was a surgeon,” Pham told the reporter. “How lucky I am!” 1 A. run B. walk C. jump D. climb 2. A. expected B. wanted C. remembered D. tried 3. A. sat B. stood C. stopped D. lay 4. A. hit B. found C. covered D. left 5. A. immediately B. gradually C. especially D. naturally 6. A. searched B. called C. paid D. showed 7. A. allowed B. sped C. forced D. invited 8. A. warning B. reward C. success D. preparation 9. A. moved on B. backed up C. calmed down D. left off 10. A. connection B. opportunity C. challenge D. accident 第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Halimatu is a young volunteer working in a village in Sierra Leone. While she was doing door-to-door visits, and encouraging communities to practice hand washing, people____11____(say) that they didn’t have running water and couldn’t afford soap.____12____(disappoint) by what they told her, Halimatu decided to learn how to make a tippy-tap, a hands-free way to wash your hands and is suited for villages. Halimatu____13____(help) more communities since then. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Oi Baishi (1864-1957) is one of the most well-known Chinese painters ____14____ the playful style of his watercolor works. In his painting “Mouse and Cat with a Lamp (灯)”, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole ____15____ a lamp is hung. Under the pole is a cat. Despite the image’s simple composition, the moving and still parts are both there, ____16____ (create) a striking situation. The images of mouse and cat are very different from each other, ____17____ causes a hearty laugh. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Active ____18____ (learner) do not accept everything they learn. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. Even when an idea sounds ____19____ (entire) unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about ____20____ they believe this. If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will increase your chance of learning something. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A FIRST(For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) is a global nonprofit organization that prepares young people for the future through team-based robotics programs for ages 4-18. FIRST hosts thousands of events around the globe annually. These events are made possible through the support of event volunteers who work along with others who really like the task of FIRST to run seasonal events at the local, regional, and even international levels. Event volunteers can be: ●FIRST graduates ●Non-profit organization staff supporting or participating in robotics programs ●Parents of robotics program students ●Teachers/Professors teaching or organizing science projects ●Experts in related fields(e.g., engineers, programmers) ●Employees of Tech companies ●Undergraduates and teachers in colleges As an event volunteer you will: ●Become responsible members of the global community who recognize that your collective skills can create meaningful changes in someone’s life in the community, and even in the world. ●Join a community of like-minded individuals that support FIRST programs. ●Receive general FIRST training and training for your volunteer role. ●Gain valuable skills in certain fields that may be good for your future jobs. ●Have a chance to get training records of volunteerism. No matter what level you want to be involved in, there is a role for you, from safety workers to judges, and hosts to officials. Some roles require a little time with quick preparations on the day. Other roles require pre-event training and longer participation on event days. Technical and non-technical event volunteer roles are ready to support FIRST programs. How to sign up: First you should create an account in the FIRST website: sign-up is in the top right corner of this page or by clicking the “Start Volunteer Registration” button below. Then click the Volunteer Registration tab & choose “Volunteer at an Event”. You can search events by location and choose up to five roles. You must enter your e-mail: This email will be used to receive the result and get your password if you forget it. Before receiving an email to check your volunteer role, you should fill in a youth protection background survey. 21. Who is likely to become a FIRST event volunteer? A. FIRST participants. B. Science teachers. C. Government staff. D. Experts in business. 22. What will FIRST event volunteers receive from their work? A. Certain job offers in related fields. B. Small gifts for their time and effort. C. Basic training and role-specific preparation. D. Chances to meet individuals of various interests. 23. What do applicants need to do during the sign-up? A. Complete a background check. B. Check the result on the website. C. Create a new email account. D. Search for events by time. B In a tech-driven world, Caine Monroy, a young inventive talent, stood out with his imagination and cleverness, proving that a cardboard box and a dream can produce something extraordinary. It began in 2011 when nine-year-old Caine spent his summer vacation at his father’s car parts store in East Los Angeles. With few friends to play with he found joy in making a cardboard game room with games like basketball goals, a toy-catching machine, and soccer. His creativity was endless, and he ran his game room with passion, charging $1 for two turns or $2 for a Fun Pass with 500 turns. Despite his creativity and hard work, at first, few people pay attention to Caine’s game room, due to its location with little foot traffic. However, Caine believed that one day he’d have customers. His game room was too good for people not to enjoy. He kept working every day, building, improving, and making it better. Then a documentary filmmaker, Nirvan Mullick, discovered the game room and was impressed by Caine’s determination, leading to a short film about him. The documentary “Caine’s game room” became popular on social media, reaching all over the world and inspiring many to value imagination and creativity. The documentary became popular, and suddenly, Caine’s game room became a widely big success. Hundreds of people lined up at the car parts store, eager to experience the wonder of the cardboard game room. The small, one-dollar games that once sat unnoticed and overlooked now attracted attention from all corners of the globe. It has also become an inspiration for teachers who use the concept for STEAM lessons and summer projects. Caine’s popularity as a speaker comes from his remarkable experience, with six Forbes features and over 250,000 media impressions worldwide. He has given two Ted X Talks and is preparing for a third. His speaking activities have taken him to famous events like the Cannes Lions Festival and locations including New York, San Francisco, USC, and the White House, all before his 18th birthday. Currently, Caine is studying at college and writing his first show book. He remains a popular speaker and is a role model for many young individuals, inspiring them to welcome their creativity. 24. Caine built the game room due to . A. his shortage of friends B. his popularity C. his endless ideas D. his expectations 25. How did Caine feel when no customers came to his game room? A. Upset. B. Angry. C. Hopeful. D. Surprised. 26. How did Caine gain global attention? A. The low price of his game room made him famous. B. Customers introduced his game room to more people. C. A documentary of his game room spread widely online. D. STEAM lessons he created with teachers became popular. 27. What can we learn from Caine’s story? A. Dream big and start small. B. Fortune favors the brave person. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Creativity invites luck to knock. C Extreme weather events, such as tornadoes, can cause widespread damage to forests, leading to environmental and financial losses. When trees fall during these storms, ecosystems might be influenced, increasing forest management costs. As climate change worsens, severe storms are expected to become more frequent, making it important to understand how forests respond to wind stress. While previous studies have explored how trees react to wind, it is unclear whether these responses remain the same across different forest configurations. With this aim, a team of researchers led by Associate Professor Kana Kamimura, tested how trees move under various forest arrangements and weather conditions, including how trees withstand wind. The research aims to explain how winds directly impact trees and how trees reduce the stress from wind to survive. To achieve this, researchers set up two experimental areas of cedar trees, in November 2017. In the first plot, P-100 was made up of 3,000 trees per hectare, creating a thick forest. In the second plot, P-50, half of the trees were removed for this research, leaving 1,500 trees per hectare. Over two years, the team watched 24 trees in the dense (密集的) area and 12 in the thinned area, using tools to track the range of trees movement during various wind conditions. The tracking period included many typhoons, such as Typhoon Trami, in 2018, which caused significant damage to the thinned plot. The researchers found that cedar trees show two completely different swaying patterns depending on wind speed. In light winds, the trees swayed at around 2 to 2.3 cycles per second, with their branches taking in much of the wind energy, protecting the trunks and roots from wind stress. However, at higher wind speeds, the trees changed to a slower swaying pattern of 0.2 to 0.5 cycles per second. In this case, the whole tree swayed together, changing force across the trunk and roots, increasing the probability of breakage or uprooting. Interestingly, the change between these two swaying patterns occurred at different wind speeds, depending on the forest density. In the dense area, the trees switched patterns at wind speeds between 1.79 and 7.44 meters per second. In contrast, in the thinned plot, the change occurred at slightly lower wind speeds, ranging from 1.57 to 5.63 meters per second. This study offers valuable understanding for balancing thinning with wind resistance in forest management to support long-lasting forestry practices, and help forests go through extreme climate changes. 28. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The results of the previous studies. B. The practical reasons for the research. C. The potential effects of extreme weather. D. The challenges brought by climate changes. 29. What does the underlined word “configurations” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Areas. B. Sizes. C. Types. D. Layouts. 30. What can we infer from the study conducted by the researchers? A. The trees tend to sway more violently as the wind becomes stronger. B. The branches of trees took in most of the wind energy in strong wind. C. Planting trees in a thinned pattern can help protect trees from storms. D. Trees in thinned plots change their swaying pattern in lighter winds. 31. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To call on people to plant more trees in thinned area. B. To raise people’s awareness of environment protection. C. To offer ideas for a more reasonable forest management. D. To compare the different swaying patterns of trees in storms. D This article was written by a human being, but AI technology that can automatically create text is on the rise in many areas. As people depend on such things, ensuring correct and clear responses and information to their users becomes important. Many familiar tools, including ChatGPT and others, appear very fluent in whatever they deliver, but their responses often include made-up content they produce and cannot be fully trusted. Users unfamiliar with the topic may mistakenly accept incorrect information, especially since AI presents responses with confident tones. “You can’t fail to notice how some AI systems can explain clearly while still producing often significant errors,” Professor Takamitsu Watanabe from the International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) told the reporter. “But what struck my team and me was a similarity between this behavior and that of people with Wernicke’s aphasia (失语症), where such people speak fluently but don’t always make much sense. That caused us to wonder if the way these AI systems work could be similar to those of the human brain affected by aphasia, and if so, what the reminders might be.” To explore this idea, the team used a method called energy landscape analysis, a technique originally developed by physicists seeking to visualize (视觉化) energy states, but which was recently adapted for neuroscience. They examined patterns in resting brain activity from people with different types of aphasia and compared them to internal data from several publicly available large language models (LLMs). And in their analysis, the team did discover some striking similarities. The way digital information or signals are moved around and guided within these AI models closely matched the way some brain signals behaved in the brains of people with certain types of aphasia, including Wernicke’s aphasia. “You can imagine the energy landscape as a surface with a ball on it. When there’s a curve (弯曲), the ball may roll down and come to rest, but when the curves are shallow, the ball may roll around everywhere,” Watanabe explained. “In aphasia, the ball represents the person’s brain state. In LLMs, it represents the continuing signal pattern in the model based on its instructions and internal dataset.” The research has several reminders. For neuroscience, it offers a possible new way to group and track conditions like aphasia based on internal brain activity rather than just visible signs. For AI, it could lead to better testing tools that help engineers improve the structure of AI systems from the inside out. Though, despite the similarities the researchers discovered, they strongly advised not to make too many assumptions. 32. Professor Watanabe compares AI systems with aphasia patients to show . A. AI systems can explain clearly B. AI and aphasia brains are alike C. it is hard to improve AI system D. aphasia brains are affected by AI 33. What can we learn from professor Watanabe’s research? A. LLMs have copied human thinking process. B. Aphasia patients can be cured for its obvious signs. C. Language signals are guided to certain area of brains. D. Problems occur during the process of signal moving. 34. What would be the best title for the passage? A. AI Overconfidence Mirrors Human Brain Condition B. AI Structure Reflects How Human Brain Develops C. AI Improvement Follows Human Brain Research D. AI System Reshapes Human’s Way of Speaking 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Impostor syndrome is the feeling that people have when they doubt their abilities, even when they have been successful or have received praise. They worry that one day, everyone will realize they are faking(假冒)it. It was first described in 1978, when researchers observed it in successful businesswomen. However, it can affect people of all sexes and careers. Studies estimate that 82% of people experience it at some point in their lives.____35____For example, women working in fields with male majorities or minority students often suffer from it. People with impostor syndrome have some shared characteristics.____36____When they succeed, they frequently credit their success to luck rather than their skills. Many are also uncomfortable receiving praise and often work harder than necessary to prove their worth. Many factors can contribute to impostor syndrome.____37____Children with controlling or overprotective parents often develop these feelings later in life. Starting something new, like a job or school program, can also cause impostor syndrome since people may be short of experience in their new roles. The good news is that people can take several approaches to overcome it. One method is to talk about your doubts with others. Sharing your feelings reduces loneliness and allows others to remind you of your true abilities.____38____Save positive feedback from others and track your achievements to serve as reminders whenever doubt arises. ____39____Focus on progress rather than excellence. When you make mistakes, view them as chances to learn instead of proof that you are a fake. Joining support groups can also help you realize that you are not alone in the fight against impostor syndrome. Remember that feeling like an impostor doesn’t mean you are one. By using these strategies to overcome impostor syndrome, you may stop feeling like a fake and truly enjoy your success. A. Another useful strategy is to stop trying to be perfect. B. Self-awareness can turn impostor syndrome into a growth tool. C. Research suggests that family upbringing plays an important role. D. High achievers in senior positions are more likely to experience it. E. They tend to be individuals who aim to be perfect in everything they do. F. It is also important to celebrate your successes instead of overlooking them. G. It is especially common among people who feel different from their age-mates. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节：(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There are countless metaphors for memory. It’s a leaky bucket a steel trap, a paper container, and words written in sand. But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. Perhaps the comparison speaks to me because I have watched my kids create amazing villages of Lego bricks, only to be taken apart, put away and reconstructed, always with a similar overall structure but with little and occasionally major changes. Memory works this way, too, Greene and Murphy think. “As we walk down Memory road, the buildings we pass — our memories of individual events — are under repeated reconstruction,” Greene and Murphy write. In easy-to-understand writing, the book covers a lot of ground, from how we form memories to how delicate (精致的) those memories really are. Readers may find it interesting to learn how bad we all are at remembering why we did something, from small choices, like buying an album, to important ones. People change their reasoning — or at least, their memories of their reasoning — on these sorts of events all the time. Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. Don’t panic, the authors write. Digital fakes can influence memories, sure. Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. Forgetting may make our brains more efficient by removing unnecessary details so we can focus on the important memories. It may even keep us happier by allowing time to ease the painful experiences, the authors write. “We suggest accepting it just the way it is — imperfections and all.” 40. What are memories like according to psychologists Greene and Murphy? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What affects our memories in modem times? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can people do to avoid influences on memories in modern times? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达(20分) 44. 假设你是高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jin写信询问你校校园环保社团“绿芽行动社(Green Sprout Initiative)”的相关情况，请给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。 内容包括：1.社团的基本情况(创建时间、目的、创办人等); 2.社团活动具体内容。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$