精品解析：福建省泉州市科技中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第一次限时训练英语试题

泉州科技中学2024-2025学年度 第二学期限时训练高一年英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man want to do？ A. Send mail to Sally. B. Contact Mary. C. Get Mary's address. 2.How long will it take the woman to reach Beijing by train？ A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. 3.What are the speakers mainly talking about？ A. A new dress. B. The weather. C. A recent event. 4.What can we learn about the man's new roommate？ A. He really likes potatoes. B. He is fond of watching TV. C. He seldom visits his parents. 5.What is the man looking for? A. Gloves. B. Bus tickets. C. A pen. 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个问题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6.When will Mr.Miller pick up the speakers？ A At 9:00 am. B.At 2:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 7.Where will the speakers be at 6:00 pm？ A. In the hotel. B. On the banana farm. C. In the butterfly park. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8.Who is the woman？ A. An architect. B.A saleswoman. C.A gallery worker. 9. How did the man know about the gallery? A. From his friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazine. 10. What does the man think of the exhibition? A. He didn't like it at all. B. He liked the video a lot. C. He found the paintings great. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11.What will the woman do on Saturday？ A. See a film. B. Do the housework. C. Visit her parents. 12.When did the man's family move to the US？ A. Before he was born. B. When he was a young child. C. When he was a teenager. 13.What do we know about boys in Indian families？ A They don't help with the housework. B. They're expected to work at an early age. C. They must take care of their sisters. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14.Where does Dr. Gucci work？ A. In Paris. B. In London. C. In Bergamo. 15.When will Mr.Wilkinson leave for the airport？ A. At about 6:30 am. B. At about 5:30 am. C. At about 4:15am. 16.With whom will Mr.Wilkinson have lunch on Monday？ A. Gavin. B. Gianni Riva. C. Mr.Brown. 17.What is Linda most probably？ A. A secretary. B. A tour guide. C. A saleswoman. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18.What is the passage mainly about？ A. The origin of advertising. B. The prosperity (繁荣) of advertising. C. The importance of advertising. 19.What's the financial source of the mass media？ A. Advertisements. B. The private businesses. C. The local governments. 20.What does the speaker talk about at last？ A. Ways of advertising. B. The popularity of advertisements. C. People's opinions on advertising. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Hands-on basketball The boy was only nine years old when he designed a “hands-on basketball”. Chris Haas had the idea when he saw his friends miss lots of baskets. His basketball has painted hands on it. The hands show you where to put your hands when you throw the ball. Today people use his invention around the world. Wristies At age 10, Kathryn Gregory was playing outside one day in the cold. Her wrists (手腕) began to hurt from the cold so she decided to find a way to keep both her hands and wrists warm during the winter. In 1994, she invented Wristies: fuzzy sleeves (毛绒袖子) that can be worn underneath gloves to protect your wrists from the cold. She worked with her mom to get the idea off the ground and now the product is sold worldwide. Makin’ Bacon Abbey Fleck was 8 years old when she noticed how much time her parents spent soaking up bacon fat (吸干培根油脂) after cooking. She realized that it might be easier to hang bacon while it cooks. That way you wouldn’t need paper towels and it would even make the bacon healthier. She then worked with her father to design a dish that hangs bacon while it cooks. Now people can see her invention in many supermarkets. Braille Louis Braille had an accident when he was three. The accident left him blind. At that time, it was hard for blind children to read. They had to touch raised letters. But it was difficult to tell a Q from an O, an R from a B, and so on. When he was fifteen, Louis invented an alphabet (字母表) that used raised dots. The Braille alphabet was a big success! 1. Whose invention is related to sports? A. Chris Haas’. B. Kathryn Gregory’s. C. Abbey Fleck’s. D. Louis Braille’s. 2. What can we learn about Makin’ Bacon? A. It was invented in 1994. B. It was named after its inventor. C. It helps people eat more healthily. D. It reduces the cases of cooking accidents. 3. What do the four inventions have in common? A. They were invented by kids. B. They came into being by chance. C. They were designed to help others. D. They brought wealth to their inventors. B Michael J. Fox was at the height of his career when he developed Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病) in 1991. Since then, he has been fighting the disease and has not lost his love for life. After his diagnosis (诊断), Michael concealed his illness for several years in order not to risk his career as an actor. His diagnosis didn’t become public until 1999. To this day, he has done his best not to be influenced by his illness as much as possible and has worked both in front of the camera and as a voice actor. Michael said in an interview with the American magazine Haute Living in 2016: “I realize now that I can play anybody, as long as they have Parkinson’s.” Like the role of “Louis Canning” in The Good Wife, which he played from 2010 to 2016. For his role of the lawyer (律师), who suffers from the side effects of medication(药物) to treat Parkinson’s, he was nominated (提名) five times for an Emmy. Michael has shown the doctors who said that he would not be able to work ten years after the diagnosis that this is not the case. He has found the right way to deal with Parkinson’s disease for him: Humor. In an interview in March 2017, he joked about moments in his everyday life where he is controlled by his illness. “The thing that makes it funny to me is when I think about someone else watching all this and thinking, Poor Michael can’t even get the coffee — it’s so sad!”, explains the 59-year-old. Since his diagnosis became public, Michael has devoted himself to Parkinson’s research. In 2000, he founded the Michael Foundation for Parkinson’s Research to find a cure for Parkinson’s disease. By the end of 2018, 800 million US dollars had already been collected. 4. What does the underlined word “concealed” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Hid. B. Feared. C. Refused to treat. D. Paid no attention to. 5. What made Michael’s role of the lawyer successful? A. Their similar personalities. B. Their similar experiences. C. Michael’s handsome appearance. D. Michael’s dream of being a lawyer. 6. Which of the following can best describe Michael? A. Confident and easy-going. B. Patient and honest. C. Tough and positive. D. Independent and open-minded. 7. What did Michael do for Parkinson’s disease? A. He provided money for those with it. B. He called on people to face it bravely. C. He established a center to treat people with it. D. He tried to raise money to support research on it. C Every tree tells a story. They hold our memories, represent belief, and witness countless moments of joy and sorrow. In our imagination, there is always a place for a tree. For the locals in Naunde, Mozambique, a mango tree provides more than just shade from the Saharan sun. It is also a traditional setting for storytelling, ceremonies, and regulating village life. “It is a place to meet and talk, to seek agreement and settle arguments, to bridge differences and develop unity,” wrote Kofi Annan, the former Secretary-General of the UN. “If you have a problem and can’t find a solution, you meet again tomorrow under the tree and you keep talking.” The mango tree always stands there, witnessing and remembering everything, and at the same time becomes an inseparable part of the collective memory of the locals. “Each growth layer that trees add every year contains a bit of the air from that year. The trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air through tiny pores (气孔) , which helps build their tissues, so they physically hold the record of the years of their surroundings,” said Benjamin Swett, author of New York City of Trees. In this way, trees also serve as nature’s memory stick, keeping a record of a history as long as themselves. The English language borrows a lot from trees: We turn over a new leaf and branch out, meaning we move on from the past and start something new. And there are times when we can’t see the wood for the trees. We tend to enjoy the flourishing leaves, branches, and roots of the trees. However, we pay little attention to the forests that embrace trees. The same things often happen to us in our own lives. We often dip ourselves into some bad experiences in life. As a result, we may give up at a terrible moment instead of imagining satisfying success after defeating the failure. Trees inspire mankind, not just through language, but through ideas. Perhaps the most famous is a tree in a garden in Lincolnshire, England, where an apple fell and inspired young Isaac Newton to wonder: Why would that apple always fall directly to the ground? According to an 18th-century account, Newton was home from Cambridge when he stepped into the garden and into a reverie (沉思) . There, the idea of gravitation came into his mind, inspired by an apple. 8. What is the role of a mango tree in Naunde? A. A spot to bind the locals together. B. A witness to the changing weather. C. A generous food supplier on Earth. D. A shelter to protect villagers in disasters. 9. How do trees keep a record of their surroundings? A. By changing the width of their growth layer. B. By sticking out branches in different directions. C. By absorbing carbon dioxide to build their tissues. D. By reflecting changing climate conditions with their tiny pores. 10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. Suggestions on facing failure. B. Famous English stories about trees. C. The relationship between trees and forests. D. Lessons from English expressions related to trees. 11. Why does the author mention Newton in the last paragraph? A. To explain the necessity of observation. B. To show how gravitation was discovered. C. To stress the importance of trees in inspiring ideas. D. To introduce how trees serve as a mirror of history. D How does an ecosystem work? What makes the population of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey, the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs maybe unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point, it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 12. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A. The living habits of species in food webs. B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 13. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________. A. has a wide fond choice B. can easily find new prey C. sticks to one prey species D. can quickly move to another place 14. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline? A. The prey species they directly attack will die out. B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators. C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged. D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes. 15. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats. C. Species of commercial value dominate other species. D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s common that everyone wants to get the most out of his teenage years. Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood. There are many ways you can upgrade your life as a teenager. Discover what inspires you. Passions (酷爱) should make you feel excited. Considering what inspires you in your day-to-day life can help you make clear of passions. ____16____ This may mean you have a passion for art or art history. Spend your time pouring your energies into your personal passions. ____17____ It’s important to have goals as a teen, as they can help shape your adult life. Writing down a lot of goals for a given year, term, or summer can help you upgrade your life. Clear goals work best. ____18____ For example, maybe you’re interested in animal protection. A goal like “I will avoid using products tested on animals”is a more specific goal than “I will do my part to end animal cruelty.” Do not give in to pressure from people of an age. It’s great to be open to trying new things as a teen, and important to make the most of your teenage years. ____19____ True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you don’t want to do. Peer (同龄人) pressure comes in different forms, and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life. Know how to tell and avoid peer pressure. Accept your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone is good at different things. You may not have a gift for writing, but you may be good at science courses. ____20____ You cannot succeed in everything, and that’s okay. A. Do not limit yourself as a teenager. B. Set your own goals for a special period. C Focus on what you’re good at and what you enjoy. D. Maybe you love reading about artists or find going to art museums inspiring. E. However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe. F. You’ll end up meeting people your own age and developing a group of friends at work. G That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。 Without arms and legs, artist Adama Traore of Abidjan finds a unique way to make his art. He has been ____21____ a paintbrush in his mouth for years, line by line, color by color. Missing limbs (四肢) since ____22____, he was sent to a center for ____23____ youth at nine. He ____24____ skills to paint and even drew with markers (记号笔). He was ____25____ by a lady named Mario Deal in the center. Thanks to the kind and friendly woman, there were more than 100 disabled men in the center. Yet the lady suffered from diseases and passed away. Traore was very sad, ending up ____26____. Just getting around was ____27____ possible for him. ____28____ he had no money, none of taxi drivers would pick up a person with such serious disability. But he kept painting colorful landscapes and portraits (肖像), ____29____ gaining the public’s acceptance. Traore slowly built up ____30____ from his artwork and used them to ____31____ a small art studio. He got married and now goes to ____32____ by taxi. The driver ____33____ by the artist’s courage now gives him both a ride and a bit of a ____34____ on the fare. Every day he picks up Traore and ____35____ him off and the next day again. Honestly, money doesn’t matter, but it’s ____36____. Traore says, “If I didn’t ____37____, I don’t know what I would do. I can’t be a carpenter or a builder. If I’m just sitting here, people would say the man is a beggar. But when they see me painting, they regard me as a ____38____ man.” Traore gets about 84 dollars for each painting. Traore says painting is medicine and lifts ____39____. Indeed, painting ____40____ Traore Adama. 21. A. dragging B. building C. planting D. holding 22. A. adoption B. interview C. birth D. adulthood 23. A. addicted B. disabled C. deserted D. depressed 24. A. learned B. created C. experimented D. acknowledged 25. A. brought out B. brought back C. brought up D. brought about 26. A. selfless B. homeless C. unaware D. uncertain 27. A. hardly B. extremely C. undoubtedly D. absolutely 28. A. Discussing B. Forgetting C. Thinking D. Planning 29. A. exactly B. finally C. suddenly D. generally 30. A. ways B. materials C. wishes D. savings 31. A. open B. visit C. decorate D. design 32. A. pray B. wander C. work D. practice 33. A. caught B. impressed C. guided D. controlled 34. A. suggestion B. reminder C. problem D. discount 35. A. drops B. pushes C. rushes D. skips 36. A. health B. determination C. luck D. popularity 37. A. cheat B. lose C. drive D. paint 38. A. useful B. wise C. poor D. perfect 39. A. education B. experience C. levels D. spirits 40. A. leaves B. arranges C. makes D. greets 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 一. 根据语境，选择下框中短语填入句中，框中有两个多余的单词或短语。 选词填空 A. pick out B. fight for C. be regarded as D. the other day E.in spite of F. come across G. apart from 41. I’ve just ________________ a beautiful poem in this book. 42. He never lost the will to live ________________ what happened. 43. The author says that the soldiers ________________ freedom not for money . 44. I've finished my homework________________ the last question. 45. He will ________________ a pioneer in the field of technology. 二. 单句语法填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式） 46. The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist ______ (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. （所给词的适当形式填空） 47. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had ________ (limit) resources. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory ________ which they worked had poor air quality. (用适当的词填空) 49. Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster ________ (strike) Reeve. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends ____ he eventually found the will to live again. (用适当的词填空) 第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A little green box called “The Bird” became common among hospital patients throughout the world after it ___51___ (introduce) in 1958. It was the first ___52___ (high) trusted, low-cost, mass-produced medical respirator (批量生产的医用呼吸器) in the world, ___53___ (invent) by Forrest Bird. Bird was born in Stoughton, Massachusetts. His father, a World War I pilot, encouraged him to fly alone in ___54___ airplane by age 14. During World War II, as an officer with the Army Air Corps, Bird became a technical air training officer. At that time airplanes were beginning to exceed (超过) heights ___55___ pilots could breathe without help. This provided Bird with his first chance at developing technology for helping breathing. After attending many medical schools and ___56___(complete) various residencies (实习期), Bird developed the Bird Universal Medical Respirator ___57___ cardiopulmonary (心肺的) care. He tested the device by traveling to medical schools and asking doctors for their most ill patients. In each case, known therapies (疗法) had failed and the patient was expected ___58___ (die) of cardiopulmonary failure. Although some patients died, many times The Bird succeeded. In ___59___ (recognize) of his work, Bird received the 2008 National Medal of Technology and Innovation. The “Babybird” respirator, introduced in 1970, reduced the number of deaths of babies due to respiratory ____60____ (problem) from 70 percent to less than ten percent. 第四部分 写作（25分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had a younger sister, Michelle. But as a big brother, I rarely cared for her. On a Sunday in March when I was 8, Easter (复活节) came. As usual, my sister and I would search for the hidden baskets full of candy and other things prepared for us. On that Easter morning, I got up early. “Michelle!” I whispered to my sister, who was still sleeping in her bedroom. “Wake up. It’s Easter. We have to go and find our baskets.” She rolled over in bed and finally got up. “Mom and Dad are still sleeping,” I warned her as we walked out into the kitchen. “If we’re quiet, we can find our baskets without waking them up.” It didn’t take long for me to find my basket, which had candy, toys, etc. This basket was obviously mine because it contained the latest issue of my favorite magazine. My sister continued searching in every room while I dropped my basket off at the kitchen table and started separating candy into different categories. 20 minutes later, my sister told me, “I can’t find it. I looked all over. Can you help me?” I decided to help her not because I felt sorry for her, but because I thought it was fun to find the missing basket. We started searching through the cabinets (贮藏柜). Later, our parents were awake. Dad headed straight for the bathroom, while Mom walked out to make coffee. “Mom, I’ve found my basket,” I told her. She smiled and asked, “Where’s yours, Michelle?” That’s when my six-year-old sister started to cry. “Let’s keep looking,” Mom said, taking hold of my sister’s hand. After searching the living room they went to the closet (贮藏室). There Michelle finally found her basket. But when she picked up her basket, we found everything in it had all been bitten and damaged by mice. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Michelle dropped her basket on the floor, looking upset. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then I walked slowly into my sister’s room with my basket ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 泉州科技中学2024-2025学年度 第二学期限时训练高一年英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man want to do？ A. Send mail to Sally. B. Contact Mary. C. Get Mary's address. 2.How long will it take the woman to reach Beijing by train？ A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. 3.What are the speakers mainly talking about？ A. A new dress. B. The weather. C. A recent event. 4.What can we learn about the man's new roommate？ A. He really likes potatoes. B. He is fond of watching TV. C. He seldom visits his parents. 5.What is the man looking for? A. Gloves. B. Bus tickets. C. A pen. 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个问题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6.When will Mr.Miller pick up the speakers？ A. At 9:00 am. B.At 2:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 7.Where will the speakers be at 6:00 pm？ A. In the hotel. B. On the banana farm. C. In the butterfly park. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8.Who is the woman？ A. An architect. B.A saleswoman. C.A gallery worker. 9. How did the man know about the gallery? A. From his friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazine. 10. What does the man think of the exhibition? A. He didn't like it at all. B. He liked the video a lot. C. He found the paintings great. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11.What will the woman do on Saturday？ A. See a film. B. Do the housework. C. Visit her parents. 12.When did the man's family move to the US？ A. Before he was born. B. When he was a young child. C. When he was a teenager. 13.What do we know about boys in Indian families？ A. They don't help with the housework. B. They're expected to work at an early age. C. They must take care of their sisters. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14.Where does Dr. Gucci work？ A. In Paris. B. In London. C. In Bergamo. 15.When will Mr.Wilkinson leave for the airport？ A. At about 6:30 am. B. At about 5:30 am. C. At about 4:15am. 16.With whom will Mr.Wilkinson have lunch on Monday？ A. Gavin. B. Gianni Riva. C. Mr.Brown. 17.What is Linda most probably？ A. A secretary. B. A tour guide. C. A saleswoman. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18.What is the passage mainly about？ A. The origin of advertising. B. The prosperity (繁荣) of advertising. C. The importance of advertising. 19.What's the financial source of the mass media？ A. Advertisements. B. The private businesses. C. The local governments. 20.What does the speaker talk about at last？ A. Ways of advertising. B. The popularity of advertisements. C. People's opinions on advertising. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Hands-on basketball The boy was only nine years old when he designed a “hands-on basketball”. Chris Haas had the idea when he saw his friends miss lots of baskets. His basketball has painted hands on it. The hands show you where to put your hands when you throw the ball. Today people use his invention around the world. Wristies At age 10, Kathryn Gregory was playing outside one day in the cold. Her wrists (手腕) began to hurt from the cold so she decided to find a way to keep both her hands and wrists warm during the winter. In 1994, she invented Wristies: fuzzy sleeves (毛绒袖子) that can be worn underneath gloves to protect your wrists from the cold. She worked with her mom to get the idea off the ground and now the product is sold worldwide. Makin’ Bacon Abbey Fleck was 8 years old when she noticed how much time her parents spent soaking up bacon fat (吸干培根油脂) after cooking. She realized that it might be easier to hang bacon while it cooks. That way you wouldn’t need paper towels and it would even make the bacon healthier. She then worked with her father to design a dish that hangs bacon while it cooks. Now people can see her invention in many supermarkets. Braille Louis Braille had an accident when he was three. The accident left him blind. At that time, it was hard for blind children to read. They had to touch raised letters. But it was difficult to tell a Q from an O, an R from a B, and so on. When he was fifteen, Louis invented an alphabet (字母表) that used raised dots. The Braille alphabet was a big success! 1. Whose invention is related to sports? A. Chris Haas’. B. Kathryn Gregory’s. C. Abbey Fleck’s. D. Louis Braille’s. 2. What can we learn about Makin’ Bacon? A. It was invented in 1994. B. It was named after its inventor. C. It helps people eat more healthily. D. It reduces the cases of cooking accidents. 3. What do the four inventions have in common? A. They were invented by kids. B. They came into being by chance. C. They were designed to help others. D. They brought wealth to their inventors. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个由孩子发明的东西。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“The boy was only nine years old when he designed a “hands-on basketball”. Chris Haas had the idea when he saw his friends miss lots of baskets. His basketball has painted hands on it. The hands show you where to put your hands when you throw the ball. (这个男孩设计“掌上篮球”时只有九岁。当Chris Haas看到他的朋友们投丢了很多球时，就有了这个想法。他的篮球在上面画了手。当你投球时，手会告诉你手放在哪里)”可知，掌上篮球与运动有关，是由克里斯·哈斯（Chris Haas）发明的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“She realized that it might be easier to hang bacon while it cooks. That way you wouldn’t need paper towels and it would even make the bacon healthier. (她意识到烤培根时挂起来可能更容易。这样你就不需要纸巾，甚至可以让培根更健康)”可知，Makin的培根可以让人们更健康的吃。故选C项。 3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“The boy was only nine years old when he designed a “hands-on basketball”. (这个男孩设计“掌上篮球”时只有九岁)”；第二段“At age 10, Kathryn Gregory was playing outside one day in the cold.(10岁时，Kathryn Gregory有一天在外面寒冷的环境中玩耍)”；第三段“Abbey Fleck was 8 years old when she noticed how much time her parents spent soaking up bacon fat after cooking.(Abbey Fleck在八岁时注意到父母在烹饪后花了多少时间吸收培根脂肪)”以及第四段“When he was fifteen, Louis invented an alphabet that used raised dots.(路易十五岁时发明了一种使用凸起点的字母表)”可知，这些都是由孩子们发明的东西。故选A项。 B Michael J. Fox was at the height of his career when he developed Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病) in 1991. Since then, he has been fighting the disease and has not lost his love for life. After his diagnosis (诊断), Michael concealed his illness for several years in order not to risk his career as an actor. His diagnosis didn’t become public until 1999. To this day, he has done his best not to be influenced by his illness as much as possible and has worked both in front of the camera and as a voice actor. Michael said in an interview with the American magazine Haute Living in 2016: “I realize now that I can play anybody, as long as they have Parkinson’s.” Like the role of “Louis Canning” in The Good Wife, which he played from 2010 to 2016. For his role of the lawyer (律师), who suffers from the side effects of medication(药物) to treat Parkinson’s, he was nominated (提名) five times for an Emmy. Michael has shown the doctors who said that he would not be able to work ten years after the diagnosis that this is not the case. He has found the right way to deal with Parkinson’s disease for him: Humor. In an interview in March 2017, he joked about moments in his everyday life where he is controlled by his illness. “The thing that makes it funny to me is when I think about someone else watching all this and thinking, Poor Michael can’t even get the coffee — it’s so sad!”, explains the 59-year-old. Since his diagnosis became public, Michael has devoted himself to Parkinson’s research. In 2000, he founded the Michael Foundation for Parkinson’s Research to find a cure for Parkinson’s disease. By the end of 2018, 800 million US dollars had already been collected. 4. What does the underlined word “concealed” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Hid. B. Feared. C. Refused to treat. D. Paid no attention to. 5. What made Michael’s role of the lawyer successful? A. Their similar personalities. B. Their similar experiences. C. Michael’s handsome appearance. D. Michael’s dream of being a lawyer. 6. Which of the following can best describe Michael? A. Confident and easy-going. B. Patient and honest. C. Tough and positive. D. Independent and open-minded. 7. What did Michael do for Parkinson’s disease? A. He provided money for those with it. B. He called on people to face it bravely. C. He established a center to treat people with it. D. He tried to raise money to support research on it. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了患有帕金森病的Michael J. Fox的个人经历。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“in order not to risk his career as an actor. His diagnosis didn’t become public until 1999.”(以免自己的演员生涯受到威胁。他的诊断结果直到1999年才公之于众)可知，在确诊后，迈克尔隐瞒了自己的病情好几年。所以划线词的意思是“隐瞒”，与“hide”同义。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Michael J. Fox was at the height of his career when he developed Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病) in 1991”(1991年， Michael J. Fox患上帕金森氏症，当时他正处于事业的巅峰)、第三段“I realize now that I can play anybody, as long as they have Parkinson’s.”(我现在意识到，我可以扮演任何人，只要他们有帕金森病)和“For his role of the lawyer (律师), who suffers from the side effects of medication(药物) to treat Parkinson’s, he was nominated (提名) five times for an Emmy.”(因为他扮演一名患有帕金森病药物副作用的律师，他五次获得艾美奖提名)可知，律师角色的成功源于迈克尔与他所扮演的角色的相似经历。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“After his diagnosis (诊断), Michael concealed his illness for several years in order not to risk his career as an actor. His diagnosis didn’t become public until 1999. To this day, he has done his best not to be influenced by his illness as much as possible and has worked both in front of the camera and as a voice actor.”(在确诊后，迈克尔隐瞒了自己的病情好几年，以免自己的演员生涯受到威胁。他的诊断结果直到1999年才公之于众。直到今天，他尽可能地不受疾病的影响，既做过镜头前的工作，也做过配音演员)可知，他很坚韧；根据第四段“He has found the right way to deal with Parkinson’s disease for him: Humor.”(找到了对付帕金森氏症的正确方法：幽默。)可知，他很积极乐观。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Since his diagnosis became public, Michael has devoted himself to Parkinson’s research. In 2000, he founded the Michael Foundation for Parkinson’s Research to find a cure for Parkinson’s disease. By the end of 2018, 800 million US dollars had already been collected.”(自从诊断结果公布后，迈克尔就投身于帕金森病的研究。2000年，他创立了迈克尔帕金森氏症研究基金会，以寻找帕金森病的治疗方法。截至2018年底，已募集资金8亿美元。)可知，他努力筹集资金来支持帕金森病的研究。故选D项。 C Every tree tells a story. They hold our memories, represent belief, and witness countless moments of joy and sorrow. In our imagination, there is always a place for a tree. For the locals in Naunde, Mozambique, a mango tree provides more than just shade from the Saharan sun. It is also a traditional setting for storytelling, ceremonies, and regulating village life. “It is a place to meet and talk, to seek agreement and settle arguments, to bridge differences and develop unity,” wrote Kofi Annan, the former Secretary-General of the UN. “If you have a problem and can’t find a solution, you meet again tomorrow under the tree and you keep talking.” The mango tree always stands there, witnessing and remembering everything, and at the same time becomes an inseparable part of the collective memory of the locals. “Each growth layer that trees add every year contains a bit of the air from that year. The trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air through tiny pores (气孔) , which helps build their tissues, so they physically hold the record of the years of their surroundings,” said Benjamin Swett, author of New York City of Trees. In this way, trees also serve as nature’s memory stick, keeping a record of a history as long as themselves. The English language borrows a lot from trees: We turn over a new leaf and branch out, meaning we move on from the past and start something new. And there are times when we can’t see the wood for the trees. We tend to enjoy the flourishing leaves, branches, and roots of the trees. However, we pay little attention to the forests that embrace trees. The same things often happen to us in our own lives. We often dip ourselves into some bad experiences in life. As a result, we may give up at a terrible moment instead of imagining satisfying success after defeating the failure. Trees inspire mankind, not just through language, but through ideas. Perhaps the most famous is a tree in a garden in Lincolnshire, England, where an apple fell and inspired young Isaac Newton to wonder: Why would that apple always fall directly to the ground? According to an 18th-century account, Newton was home from Cambridge when he stepped into the garden and into a reverie (沉思) . There, the idea of gravitation came into his mind, inspired by an apple. 8. What is the role of a mango tree in Naunde? A. A spot to bind the locals together. B. A witness to the changing weather. C. A generous food supplier on Earth. D. A shelter to protect villagers in disasters. 9. How do trees keep a record of their surroundings? A. By changing the width of their growth layer. B. By sticking out branches in different directions. C. By absorbing carbon dioxide to build their tissues. D. By reflecting changing climate conditions with their tiny pores. 10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A. Suggestions on facing failure. B. Famous English stories about trees. C. The relationship between trees and forests. D. Lessons from English expressions related to trees. 11. Why does the author mention Newton in the last paragraph? A. To explain the necessity of observation. B. To show how gravitation was discovered. C. To stress the importance of trees in inspiring ideas. D. To introduce how trees serve as a mirror of history. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。树木在人类的思想、历史和生活中总是有一席之地，文章从各方面论述了树木对人类的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“It is also a traditional setting for storytelling, ceremonies, and regulating village life. “It is a place to meet and talk, to seek agreement and settle arguments, to bridge differences and develop unity,” wrote Kofi Annan, the former Secretary-General of the UN.(这里也是讲故事、举行仪式和规范乡村生活的传统场所。联合国前秘书长科菲·安南写道：“这是一个会面和交谈、寻求共识、解决争议、弥合分歧、发展团结的地方。”)”可知，芒果树在Naunde的角色是一个把当地人联系在一起的地方。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“The trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air through tiny pores (气孔) , which helps build their tissues, so they physically hold the record of the years of their surroundings(树木通过微小的孔吸收空气中的二氧化碳，这有助于它们的组织，所以它们物理上保存了周围环境的年份记录)”可知，树木通过吸收二氧化碳构建它们的组织来记录它们周围的环境。故选C。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句中的“The English language borrows a lot from trees(英语从树上借用了很多东西)”可知，第四段主要是讲与树有关的英语表达。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Trees inspire mankind, not just through language, but through ideas.(树木不仅通过语言，而且通过思想启发人类。)”可知，作者在最后一段中提到牛顿是为了强调树木在激发灵感方面的重要性。故选C。 D How does an ecosystem work? What makes the population of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey, the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs maybe unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point, it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 12. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A. The living habits of species in food webs. B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 13. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________. A. has a wide fond choice B. can easily find new prey C. sticks to one prey species D. can quickly move to another place 14. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline? A. The prey species they directly attack will die out. B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators. C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged. D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes. 15. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats. C. Species of commercial value dominate other species. D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。为了弄清生态系统的运转，科学家建立了数学模型，通过模型发现不同层次的物种之间的依存关系，而人类作为最高层的掠食动物，其一举一动都会影响整个生态系统。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.(为了找到答案，科学家们建立了食物网的数学模型，记录下谁吃谁以及每只吃多少)”以及第二段中“With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.(通过这些模型，科学家们发现了一些在食物网中运作的关键原理)”可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现管理生态系统食物网的规则。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey, the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked.(当掠食者总是吃掉大量的单一猎物时，这两个物种就紧密地联系在一起；当掠食者以不同物种为食时，它们之间的联系很弱)”可知，如果掠食动物只吃一种猎物，那么它们之间的联系就很紧密，故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs maybe unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.(数学模型也揭示了食物网可能是不稳定的，顶级捕食者的微小变化可能导致整个生态系统的巨大影响。在20世纪60年代，科学家们提出，处于食物网顶端的掠食者对其他物种的数量有着惊人的控制能力——包括它们没有直接攻击的物种)”可知，如果食物链中顶级捕食者的数量大幅减少，其他物种的数量将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.(而无计划的人类活动证明了顶级掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正确的。在海洋中，我们以工业化规模捕捞顶级掠食者，如鳕鱼，而在陆地上，我们捕杀大型掠食者，如狼。这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡)”可推知，从第四段的例子可以得出结论是：不受控制的人类活动极大地扰乱了生态系统。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s common that everyone wants to get the most out of his teenage years. Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood. There are many ways you can upgrade your life as a teenager. Discover what inspires you. Passions (酷爱) should make you feel excited. Considering what inspires you in your day-to-day life can help you make clear of passions. ____16____ This may mean you have a passion for art or art history. Spend your time pouring your energies into your personal passions. ____17____ It’s important to have goals as a teen, as they can help shape your adult life. Writing down a lot of goals for a given year, term, or summer can help you upgrade your life. Clear goals work best. ____18____ For example, maybe you’re interested in animal protection. A goal like “I will avoid using products tested on animals”is a more specific goal than “I will do my part to end animal cruelty.” Do not give in to pressure from people of an age. It’s great to be open to trying new things as a teen, and important to make the most of your teenage years. ____19____ True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you don’t want to do. Peer (同龄人) pressure comes in different forms, and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life. Know how to tell and avoid peer pressure. Accept your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone is good at different things. You may not have a gift for writing, but you may be good at science courses. ____20____ You cannot succeed in everything, and that’s okay. A. Do not limit yourself as a teenager. B. Set your own goals for a special period. C. Focus on what you’re good at and what you enjoy. D. Maybe you love reading about artists or find going to art museums inspiring. E. However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe. F. You’ll end up meeting people your own age and developing a group of friends at work. G. That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以提高青少年生活质量的一些方法。 16题详解】 上文“Discover what inspires you. (发现激励你的东西)”以及下文“This may mean you have a passion for art or art history. (这可能意味着你对艺术或艺术史有热情)”说明找出能够激励你的事情。空处呼应主旨句，引出下文。D项中的inspiring和前文“what inspires you”相呼应，“about artists or find going to art museums”和下文“for art or art history”相呼应，说明也许你喜欢读关于艺术家的书，或者觉得去美术馆很有启发性。故选D。 【17题详解】 下文“It’s important to have goals as a teen, as they can help shape your adult life.(作为一个青少年，有目标是很重要的，因为它们可以帮助塑造你的成年生活)”说明本段主要讲述设立目标对于青少年的重要性。B项“为特殊时期设定自己的目标。”适合做本段的主旨句。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文“Clear goals work best.(明确的目标最有效)”说明要设立明确的目标。空处进一步说明如何设立明确的目标。G项“writing goals you should state clearly”和上文“Clear goals”相呼应，“how you want to go after these things”和下文中所举例子相呼应，表明在写目标时，你应该清楚地说明你想如何追求这些目标。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“Do not give in to pressure from people of an age.(不要屈服于来自某个年龄段的人的压力)”以及下文“Peer (同龄人) pressure comes in different forms, and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life. Know how to tell and avoid peer pressure.(同伴压力有不同的形式，会给你的生活带来不必要的压力和紧张。知道如何讲述并避免同伴的压力)”说明不必受到同龄人的压力。空处和前文为转折关系，并且呼应主旨句。E项中的However和前文形成转折关系，说明作为年轻人，需要开放的态度去接受新事物，需要充分利用自己的青年时代，但是没有必要做任何让你感到不舒服或不安全的事情。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“Accept your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone is good at different things. You may not have a gift for writing, but you may be good at science courses.(接受你的长处和短处。每个人都擅长不同的事情。你可能没有写作天赋，但你可能擅长科学课程)”说明青少年需要清楚自己的长处和短处，并且重点关注自己的优势。空处承接前文，引出下文，表明关注你所擅长并且喜欢的东西，因为你不可能每一件事都成功。C项“专注于你擅长的和你喜欢的。”符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。 Without arms and legs, artist Adama Traore of Abidjan finds a unique way to make his art. He has been ____21____ a paintbrush in his mouth for years, line by line, color by color. Missing limbs (四肢) since ____22____, he was sent to a center for ____23____ youth at nine. He ____24____ skills to paint and even drew with markers (记号笔). He was ____25____ by a lady named Mario Deal in the center. Thanks to the kind and friendly woman, there were more than 100 disabled men in the center. Yet the lady suffered from diseases and passed away. Traore was very sad, ending up ____26____. Just getting around was ____27____ possible for him. ____28____ he had no money, none of taxi drivers would pick up a person with such serious disability. But he kept painting colorful landscapes and portraits (肖像), ____29____ gaining the public’s acceptance. Traore slowly built up ____30____ from his artwork and used them to ____31____ a small art studio. He got married and now goes to ____32____ by taxi. The driver ____33____ by the artist’s courage now gives him both a ride and a bit of a ____34____ on the fare. Every day he picks up Traore and ____35____ him off and the next day again. Honestly, money doesn’t matter, but it’s ____36____. Traore says, “If I didn’t ____37____, I don’t know what I would do. I can’t be a carpenter or a builder. If I’m just sitting here, people would say the man is a beggar. But when they see me painting, they regard me as a ____38____ man.” Traore gets about 84 dollars for each painting. Traore says painting is medicine and lifts ____39____. Indeed, painting ____40____ Traore Adama. 21. A. dragging B. building C. planting D. holding 22. A. adoption B. interview C. birth D. adulthood 23. A. addicted B. disabled C. deserted D. depressed 24. A. learned B. created C. experimented D. acknowledged 25. A. brought out B. brought back C. brought up D. brought about 26. A. selfless B. homeless C. unaware D. uncertain 27. A. hardly B. extremely C. undoubtedly D. absolutely 28. A. Discussing B. Forgetting C. Thinking D. Planning 29. A. exactly B. finally C. suddenly D. generally 30. A. ways B. materials C. wishes D. savings 31. A. open B. visit C. decorate D. design 32. A. pray B. wander C. work D. practice 33 A. caught B. impressed C. guided D. controlled 34. A. suggestion B. reminder C. problem D. discount 35. A. drops B. pushes C. rushes D. skips 36. A. health B. determination C. luck D. popularity 37. A. cheat B. lose C. drive D. paint 38. A. useful B. wise C. poor D. perfect 39. A. education B. experience C. levels D. spirits 40. A. leaves B. arranges C. makes D. greets 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了没有四肢的艺术家特拉奥雷以绘画谋生，用一种独特的方式创作艺术并赢得尊重的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，他一直把画笔放在嘴里，一行一行，一种颜色一种颜色。A. dragging拖动；B. building建筑；C. planting种植；D. holding拿着。根据下文“a paintbrush in his mouth”可知，此处表示他把画笔放在嘴里，用嘴拿着画笔。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自出生以来，他就失去了四肢，9岁时被送往残疾青年中心。A. adoption收养；B. interview采访；C. birth出生；D. adulthood成年。根据下文“he was sent to a center for ____3____ youth at nine”以及语境可知，自从出生，他就失去了四肢。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自出生以来，他就失去了四肢，9岁时被送往残疾青年中心。A. addicted上瘾的；B. disabled残疾的；C. deserted被遗弃的；D. depressed抑郁的。根据上文“Missing limbs since ____2____”以及下文“there were more than 100 disabled men in the center.”可知，此处表示他被送往残疾青年中心。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他学会了绘画技巧，甚至用马克笔画画。A. learned学习；B. created创造；C. experimented实验；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“He has been ____1____ a paintbrush in his mouth for years, line by line, color by color.”可知，此处表示他学会了绘画技巧。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是由中心一位名叫马里奥·迪尔的女士抚养长大的。A. brought out出版；B. brought back带回；C. brought up抚养；D. brought about导致。根据下文“by a lady named Mario Deal in the center”可知，他是由中心的一位女士抚养长大的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：特拉奥雷非常伤心，最终无家可归。A. selfless无私；B. homeless无家可归的；C. unaware没有意识到的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据上文“Yet the lady suffered from diseases and passed away.”可知，特拉奥雷变得无家可归了。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：仅仅是到处走动对他来说都几乎是不可能的。A. hardly几乎不；B. extremely极端地；C. undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. absolutely绝对地。根据下文“____8____ he had no money, none of taxi drivers would pick up a person with such serious disability.”可知，到处走动对他来说几乎不可能。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到他没有钱，没有一个出租车司机会接这么严重残疾的人。A. Discussing讨论；B. Forgetting遗忘；C. Thinking思考；D. Planning计划。根据下文“he had no money, none of taxi drivers would pick up a person with such serious disability.”可知，出租车司机考虑到他没有钱，所以不想接他。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他一直在画多彩的风景画和肖像画，最终获得了公众的认可。A. exactly准确地；B. finally最终；C. suddenly突然；D. generally一般地。根据上文“he kept painting colorful landscapes and portraits”可知，通过一直努力，他最终获得了公众的认可。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：特拉奥雷慢慢地从他的作品中积累了一些存款，并用这些钱开了一家小型艺术工作室。A. ways方式；B. materials材料；C. wishes愿望；D. savings存款。根据下文“used them to ____11____ a small art studio”可知，特拉奥雷积累了一些存款，用存款开了一家小型艺术工作室。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：特拉奥雷慢慢地从他的作品中积累了一些存款，并用这些钱开了一家小型艺术工作室。A. open开；B. visit参观；C. decorate装饰；D. design设计。根据下文“a small art studio”可知，他开了一家小型艺术工作室。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他结婚了，现在坐出租车上班。A. pray祈祷；B. wander漫步；C. work工作；D. practice练习。根据上文“used them to ____11____ a small art studio”可知，他开了一家小型艺术工作室，所以此处表示他坐出租车上班。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位司机钦佩艺术家的勇气，现在让他搭便车，并在车费上打了一点折扣。A. caught捕获；B. impressed使钦佩；C. guided引导；D. controlled控制。根据下文“by the artist’s courage now gives him both a ride and a bit of a ____14____ on the fare.”可知，司机钦佩艺术家的勇气，所以现在司机让他搭便车，并给车费打折。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位司机钦佩艺术家的勇气，现在让他搭便车，并在车费上打了一点折扣。A. suggestion建议；B. reminder提醒；C. problem问题；D. discount折扣。根据下文“on the fare”可知，司机在车费上打了一点折扣。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天都会接上特拉奥雷，然后让他下车，并且第二天再一次这样做。A. drops使落下；B. pushes推；C. rushes冲；D. skips跳。根据上文“Every day he picks up Traore”可知，司机每天会接上特拉奥雷，然后到了目的地让他下车，drop sb. off表示“让某人下车”。故选A项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老实说，钱不重要，但重要的是决心。A. health健康；B. determination决心；C. luck运气；D. popularity人气。根据语境，司机钦佩特拉奥雷的决心，所以他愿意每天接送特拉奥雷，所以此处表示钱不重要，重要的是决心。故选B项。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我不画画，我不知道我会做什么。A. cheat欺骗；B. lose输；C. drive驾驶；D. paint画画。根据上文“But he kept painting colorful landscapes and portraits, ____9____ gaining the public’s acceptance.”可知，特拉奥雷一直在画画，所以此处表示如果不画画，他不知道自己会做什么。故选D项。 【38题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当他们看到我画画时，他们认为我是个有用的人。A. useful有用的；B. wise明智的；C. poor贫穷的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“If I’m just sitting here, people would say the man is a beggar. But when they see me painting, they regard me as”可知，特拉奥雷认为如果他什么都不做，人们会说他是乞丐，但是如果他画画，人们会认为他是有用的人。故选A项。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：特拉奥雷说绘画是一种良药，可以振奋精神。A. education教育；B. experience经验；C. levels水平；D. spirits精神。根据上文“Traore says painting is medicine and lifts”可知，特拉奥雷认为绘画是一种良药，可以振奋精神。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：的确，绘画造就了特拉奥雷·阿达玛。A. leaves离开；B. arranges安排；C. makes制作；D. greets问候。根据语境可知，此处表示绘画造就了特拉奥雷。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 一. 根据语境，选择下框中短语填入句中，框中有两个多余的单词或短语。 选词填空 A. pick out B. fight for C. be regarded as D. the other day E.in spite of F. come across G. apart from 41. I’ve just ________________ a beautiful poem in this book. 42. He never lost the will to live ________________ what happened. 43. The author says that the soldiers ________________ freedom not for money . 44. I've finished my homework________________ the last question. 45. He will ________________ a pioneer in the field of technology. 【答案】41. come across 42. in spite of 43. fight for 44. apart from 45. be regarded as 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：我刚在这本书里偶然发现了一首优美的诗。根据语境，此处表示在书中偶然看到一首诗，come across为动词短语，意为“偶然发现；偶然遇见”。由句中“have just”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，come的过去分词形式为come。故填come across。 【42题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：不管发生什么，他从未失去求生的意志。根据前后文逻辑，此处需用表示让步的短语，in spite of为介词短语，意为“尽管；不管；不顾”，符合语境。故填in spite of。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：作者说士兵们是为自由而战，不是为了钱。根据语境，此处表示士兵们为自由而奋斗，fight for为动词短语，意为“为……而战”。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语soldiers是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fight for。 【44题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：除了最后一道题，我已经完成了作业。根据语境，此处表示作业基本完成，只剩下最后一题，apart from为介词短语，意为“除……之外”，符合语境。故填apart from。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语及被动语态。句意：他将被视为技术领域的先驱。根据语境，此处表示他会被当作先驱，be regarded as为动词短语，意为“被视为……”。主语he与regard之间是被动关系，且句中有will，所以此处用“will + be +过去分词”构成一般将来时的被动语态。故填be regarded as。 二. 单句语法填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式） 46. The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist ______ (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 to be awarded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士是屠呦呦，第一位因她的工作而被授予诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。当名词前有序数词修饰时，后面常用不定式作后置定语；且scientist与award之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be awarded。故填to be awarded。 47. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had ________ (limit) resources. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】limited 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这之所以困难是因为这个团队资源有限。limited在句中作定语修饰resources，需用形容词形式，表示“有限的”。故填limited。 48. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory ________ which they worked had poor air quality. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意：他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。分析句子可知，空处和which搭配引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词laboratory，关系代词which指laboratory，结合“they worked”可推知，表示“在实验室工作”，空处应用介词in。故填in。 49. Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster ________ (strike) Reeve. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】struck 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：不幸的是，1995年灾难降临到里夫身上。句中时间状语in 1995表明事情发生在过去，所以谓语动词要用一般过去时。strike的过去式是struck，在句中作谓语。故填struck。 50. It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends ____ he eventually found the will to live again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句。句意：只有在妻子、父母和朋友的持续支持下，他才最终找到了重新生活的意愿。去掉It was和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知此处考查强调句：it is/was+被强调部分+that（强调人可用who）+其他，本句对原因状语进行强调，用that。故填that。 第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A little green box called “The Bird” became common among hospital patients throughout the world after it ___51___ (introduce) in 1958. It was the first ___52___ (high) trusted, low-cost, mass-produced medical respirator (批量生产的医用呼吸器) in the world, ___53___ (invent) by Forrest Bird. Bird was born in Stoughton, Massachusetts. His father, a World War I pilot, encouraged him to fly alone in ___54___ airplane by age 14. During World War II, as an officer with the Army Air Corps, Bird became a technical air training officer. At that time airplanes were beginning to exceed (超过) heights ___55___ pilots could breathe without help. This provided Bird with his first chance at developing technology for helping breathing. After attending many medical schools and ___56___(complete) various residencies (实习期), Bird developed the Bird Universal Medical Respirator ___57___ cardiopulmonary (心肺的) care. He tested the device by traveling to medical schools and asking doctors for their most ill patients. In each case, known therapies (疗法) had failed and the patient was expected ___58___ (die) of cardiopulmonary failure. Although some patients died, many times The Bird succeeded. In ___59___ (recognize) of his work, Bird received the 2008 National Medal of Technology and Innovation. The “Babybird” respirator, introduced in 1970, reduced the number of deaths of babies due to respiratory ____60____ (problem) from 70 percent to less than ten percent. 【答案】51. was introduced 52. highly 53. invented 54. an 55. where 56. completing 57. for 58. to die 59. recognition 60 problems 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Forrest Bird发明的名为“The Bird”的医用呼吸器及其相关事迹。 【51题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1958年被引入后，一个名为“The Bird”的绿色小盒子在全世界的医院患者中变得常见起来。句中it指代 “The Bird”，“The Bird” 与introduce之间存在被动关系，即 “被引入”，且时间状语为in 1958，这是过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语it是第三人称单数，故填was introduced。 【52题详解】 考查副词。句意：它是世界上第一款备受信赖、低成本、批量生产的医用呼吸器。此处要用副词修饰形容词trusted，high的副词形式highly表示“高度地，非常”，强调信赖的程度，故填highly。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它是世界上第一款备受信赖、低成本、批量生产的医用呼吸器，由Forrest Bird发明。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词was，invent需用非谓语形式。The Bird与invent之间是被动关系，即“被发明”，所以用过去分词invented作后置定语，修饰 “The Bird”，故填invented。 【54题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他的父亲是一名一战飞行员，在他14岁时鼓励他独自驾驶飞机飞行。airplane是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一架飞机”，且airplane是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。 【55题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：那时，飞机开始超过飞行员在无辅助情况下能够呼吸的高度。“____5____ pilots could breathe without help” 是定语从句，先行词为heights，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该定语从句，故填where。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在进入多所医学院学习并完成各种实习之后，Bird研发出了用于心肺护理的Bird通用医用呼吸器。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语，complete的动名词形式为completing，故填completing。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：在进入多所医学院学习并完成各种实习之后，Bird研发出了用于心肺护理的Bird通用医用呼吸器。此处表示“用于心肺护理”，for有“为了，用于”的意思，故填for。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在每种情况下，已知的疗法都失败了，患者预计会死于心肺衰竭。expect sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“预计某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式to die作主语补足语，故填to die。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：为表彰他的工作，Bird获得了2008年国家技术与创新奖章。in recognition of为固定短语，意为“为了表彰，鉴于”，所以此处用名词recognition作宾语，故填recognition。 【60题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：1970年推出的“Babybird”呼吸器将婴儿因呼吸问题导致的死亡率从70%降低到了不到10%。problem是可数名词，此处表示多种呼吸问题，所以用复数形式problems作宾语，故填problems。 第四部分 写作（25分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had a younger sister, Michelle. But as a big brother, I rarely cared for her. On a Sunday in March when I was 8, Easter (复活节) came. As usual, my sister and I would search for the hidden baskets full of candy and other things prepared for us. On that Easter morning, I got up early. “Michelle!” I whispered to my sister, who was still sleeping in her bedroom. “Wake up. It’s Easter. We have to go and find our baskets.” She rolled over in bed and finally got up. “Mom and Dad are still sleeping,” I warned her as we walked out into the kitchen. “If we’re quiet, we can find our baskets without waking them up.” It didn’t take long for me to find my basket, which had candy, toys, etc. This basket was obviously mine because it contained the latest issue of my favorite magazine. My sister continued searching in every room while I dropped my basket off at the kitchen table and started separating candy into different categories. 20 minutes later, my sister told me, “I can’t find it. I looked all over. Can you help me?” I decided to help her not because I felt sorry for her, but because I thought it was fun to find the missing basket. We started searching through the cabinets (贮藏柜). Later, our parents were awake. Dad headed straight for the bathroom, while Mom walked out to make coffee. “Mom, I’ve found my basket,” I told her. She smiled and asked, “Where’s yours, Michelle?” That’s when my six-year-old sister started to cry. “Let’s keep looking,” Mom said, taking hold of my sister’s hand. After searching the living room they went to the closet (贮藏室). There Michelle finally found her basket. But when she picked up her basket, we found everything in it had all been bitten and damaged by mice. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Michelle dropped her basket on the floor, looking upset. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then I walked slowly into my sister’s room with my basket. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Michelle dropped her basket on the floor, looking upset. Without saying anything, my sister rushed to her bedroom and slammed the door. I was lost in thought. On the one hand, I wanted to enjoy my candy and toys alone. On the other hand, I could feel my sister’s sorrow when I put myself in her shoes. It was such a dilemma. Leaving my sister floating in an ocean of sadness, would I still enjoy my gifts? Having struggled for a while, I decided to cheer her up by sharing what I had with her. Then I walked slowly into my sister’s room with my basket. She lied on her bed silently, tears rolling down her cheeks. “Cheer up, my dear sister. Forget about the damaged basket. You can have mine.” I said in a cheerful tone. Hearing this, her eyes twinkled with pleasure. The moment I saw her smiling face again, joy welled up inside me. Laughter lingered around the room. That was the first time that I had learned the meaning of sharing. It made me happier when I was able to bring joy to others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者虽然是哥哥，但是很少关心自己的妹妹Michelle。在作者八岁那年的复活节，作者早早地起床，叫醒妹妹，两人一同寻找为他们准备的隐藏的礼物。作者很快找到了属于自己的礼物，开心地整理里面的糖果，但是妹妹一直没有找到，在妹妹的请求下，作者开始帮助妹妹找她的礼物。后来，妈妈也来帮妹妹找礼物，最终找到的时候，大家却发现礼物篮子空了，里面的东西都被老鼠破坏了。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Michelle把篮子扔在地上，看上去很沮丧”可知，第一段可描写作者作为哥哥内心挣扎是否用自己的礼物篮子来安慰沮丧的妹妹，以及作者最终做出决定。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后我提着我的篮子慢慢地走进妹妹的房间”可知，第二段可描写作者作为哥哥安慰妹妹，分享自己的礼物篮子，以及看到妹妹开心起来后作者的感悟。 2. 续写线索：Michelle很沮丧——作者内心挣扎——作者做出决定——作者进入妹妹的房间——作者分享礼物——作者的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①奔：rush/run/dash ②感觉到：feel/perceive/sense ③决定：decide/make a decision/make a choice ④认识到：learn/understand/realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①难过：sorrow/sadness/unhappiness ②高兴的：cheerful/joyous/happy/joyful 【点睛】[高分句型1] On the other hand, I could feel my sister’s sorrow when I put myself in her shoes. (when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Having struggled for a while, I decided to cheer her up by sharing what I had with her. (现在分词短语Having struggled…作状语、what引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$