内容正文:
Section B
How do we understand differences?
单词讲解课件
Unit3
Same or Different?
新人教版八年级英语(上)
讲解内容
读音、词性
常用搭配
例句翻译
经典例题
01
02
03
04
新单词(预习)
New words
1.alike adj.相像的adv.相似地
2.mirror n.镜子
3.interest n.业余爱好;兴趣v.使感兴趣
4.novel n.小说
5.difference n.差异
6.sense n.理解力;感觉
7.humour /hju:mo/ (=humor)n.幽默;幽默感
8.thanks to归功于;由于;因为
9.less adj.较少的;更少的adv.较少地;更少地pron.较少;更少
10.straightforward adj坦率的;简单的
11.opinion n.看法;意见
12.make a mistake犯错误
13.honest adj.坦诚的;诚实的
14.direct adj.率直的;直接的
15.similarity n.相似之处
16.friendship n.友谊;友情
17.metre /'mi:ta(r)/ (=meter)n.米
18.prince n.王子
19.character n.人物;个性
20.pauper n.贫民;乞巧
21.exchange v.&n.交换
22.accident n.意外;(交通)事故
23.by accident偶然;意外地
24.expect v.预料;期待
25.silver adj.银色的n.银
26.silver lining 一线光明
27.situation n.情况;状况
28.care about关心;担心
29.reach v.伸手;达到
30.reach for伸手触碰
31.touch v.触动;触碰
32.lend(sb)a hand帮助(某人)
1.alike adj.相像的adv.相似地
🔸词性:adj. 相像的;adv. 相似地
🔹巧记:拆解为 "a(一个) + like(喜欢)" → 因为相似
所以喜欢 ("你们好像哦!")
📚固定搭配:
look alike(长得像)
think alike(想法相似)
📖例句:
The two sisters dress alike.(这对姐妹穿得很像。)
⚠️考点:
作形容词时只能作表语(放be动词后),不能作定语!
❌错误:an alike cat → ✅正确:The cats are alike.
副词用法:They walked alike.(他们走路姿势相似。)
❓经典例题:
The twins don’t look ______ in personality. (A) alike (B) like
✅答案:A(like是介词/动词,alike是形容词)
2.mirror n.镜子
🔸词性:n. 镜子
🔹巧记:单词里有双r(rr) 和 双o(oo),像镜子里
的对称影像!✨
📚固定搭配:
look into the mirror(照镜子)
rearview mirror(后视镜)
📖例句:
She checked her hair in the mirror before leaving.
⚠️考点:
拼写易错点:mirror(不是"miorr"或"miror")
❓经典例题:
He saw ______ in the mirror. (A) himself (B) him
✅答案:A(反身代词,镜子里的"自己")
3.interest n.业余爱好;兴趣v.使感兴趣
🔸词性:n. 兴趣;v. 使感兴趣
🔹巧记:"inter(在...之间) + est(最)" → 最吸引你的东
西就是兴趣!
📚固定搭配:
show interest in(对...感兴趣)
lose interest(失去兴趣)
places of interest(名胜古迹)
📖例句:
The teacher tried to interest students in science.(老师试图让学生对科学感兴趣。)
⚠️考点:
形容词形式:
interesting(物作主语,"有趣的")
The book is interesting.
interested(人作主语,"感到有兴趣的")
I am interested in the book.
短语 "take an interest in" = 开始感兴趣
❓经典例题:
This game is ______. I’m ______ in it. (A) interested; interesting (B) interesting; interested
✅答案:B
4.novel n.小说
🔸词性:n. 小说
🔹巧记:"no(没有) + vel(谐音'玩')" → 写小
说的人没时间玩!
📚固定搭配:
a detective novel(侦探小说)
write a novel(写小说)
📖例句:
"Harry Potter" is a famous fantasy novel.
⚠️考点:
区分 novel(长篇小说) vs. story(短篇故事)
❓经典例题:
She spent three years writing her first ______.
(A) book (B) novel
✅答案:B(强调"长篇创作"用novel)
5.difference n.差异
🔸词性:n. 差异
🔹巧记:different(不同的) + ce(名词后
缀)
📚固定搭配:
make a difference(有影响/很重要)
tell the difference(区分)
📖例句:
Can you see the difference between the two pictures?
⚠️考点:
短语 "make no difference" = 无关紧要
❓经典例题:
Your help ______ a big difference to us. (A) makes (B) does
✅答案:A(make a difference是固定搭配)
6.sense n.理解力;感觉
🔸词性:n. 感觉;理解力
🔹巧记:谐音"三思" → 用理解力好好思考!🤔
📚固定搭配:
make sense(有意义)
common sense(常识)
a sense of humor(幽默感)
📖例句:
Your explanation doesn’t make sense.(你的解释说
不通。)
⚠️考点:
sense 作动词时意为"感觉到":I sensed something wrong.
❓经典例题:
It doesn’t ______ to go out in the rain. (A) sense (B) make sense
✅答案:B
7.humour /hju:mo/ (=humor)n.幽默;幽默感
🔸词性:n. 幽默;幽默感
🔹巧记:谐音"幽默"(英式拼写 humour,
美式 humor)
📚固定搭配:
sense of humour(幽默感)
black humour(黑色幽默)
📖例句:
His humour made everyone laugh.(他的幽默逗
笑了大家。)
⚠️考点:
形容词 humorous(幽默的):a humorous story
英式 vs. 美式拼写(考试可能考察!)
❓经典例题:
The speech was full of ______. (A) humour (B) humorous
✅答案:A(名词作宾语)
8.thanks to归功于;由于;因为
🔸词性:短语,意为"由于;归功于"
🔹巧记:"谢谢(to)它" → 因为是它导致的!
📚固定搭配:
Thanks to your help,...(多亏你的帮助)
Thanks to the rain,...(因为下雨...)
📖例句:
Thanks to the new policy, traffic is better.
⚠️考点:
可接好坏原因:
✅ Thanks to the storm, the game was canceled.(中性)
✅ Thanks to her, we won!(积极)
❓经典例题:
______ the bad weather, we stayed home. (A) Thanks to (B) Because
✅答案:A(强调原因,口语化)
9.less adj.较少的;更少的adv.较少地;更少地pron.较少;更少
🔸词性:adj./adv./pron. 更少(little的比较级)
🔹巧记:反义词是 more(更多)
📚固定搭配:
less than(少于)
more or less(或多或少)
📖例句:
Eat less sugar to stay healthy.
⚠️考点:
修饰不可数名词:less water(❌less apples→用fewer)
短语:
no less than(不少于,强调多)
less and less(越来越少)
❓经典例题:
We have ______ time left. (A) fewer (B) less
✅答案:B(time不可数)
10.straightforward adj坦率的;简单的
🔸词性:adj. 坦率的;简单的
🔹巧记:straight(直) + forward(向前) → 直截了当!
📚固定搭配:
a straightforward answer(直白的回答)
straightforward instructions(简单的说明)
📖例句:
The question is quite straightforward.
⚠️考点:
近义词:direct(直接的),反义词:complicated(复杂的)
❓经典例题:
He gave a ______ explanation. (A) straight (B) straightforward
✅答案:B(形容词修饰名词)
11.opinion n.看法;意见
🔸词性:n. 意见;看法
🔹巧记:"O(哦) + pin(针) + ion" → "哦!针锋相
对的观点!"
📚固定搭配:
in my opinion(在我看来)
public opinion(舆论)
📖例句:
What’s your opinion on this movie?
⚠️考点:
区别:
opinion(主观看法)
fact(客观事实)
❓经典例题:
______ my opinion, he’s right. (A) On (B) In
✅答案:B(固定搭配)
12.make a mistake犯错误
🔸词性:短语,意为"犯错"
🔹巧记:mistake = mis(错) + take(拿) → 拿错了!
📚固定搭配:
make a spelling mistake(犯拼写错误)
correct a mistake(纠正错误)
📖例句:
It’s okay to make mistakes when learning.
⚠️考点:
同义短语:make an error
动词形式:mistake A for B(把A误认为B)
❓经典例题:
She ______ my pen for hers. (A) made (B) mistook
✅答案:B(mistake for是固定搭配)
13.honest adj.坦诚的;诚实的
🔸词性:adj. 诚实的
🔹巧记:"hon(荣誉) + est(最)" → 最荣誉的人是诚
实的!
📚固定搭配:
to be honest(说实话)
an honest person(诚实的人)
📖例句:
To be honest, I don’t like this gift.
⚠️考点:
h不发音! 发音读作/ˈɒnɪst/
反义词:dishonest(不诚实的)
❓经典例题:
It’s important to be ______. (A) honest (B) honesty
✅答案:A(形容词作表语)
14.direct adj.率直的;直接的
🔸词性:adj. 直接的;率直的
🔹巧记:"di(分开) + rect(直)" → 直接分开不拐弯!
📚固定搭配:
direct speech(直接引语)
direct flight(直飞航班)
be direct with sb(对某人直率)
📖例句:
She gave me a direct answer without hesitation.(她
毫不犹豫地给了我直接的回答。)
⚠️考点:
反义词:indirect(间接的)
动词形式:direct(指导;导演)
He directed the movie.(他导演了这部电影。)
❓经典例题:
The teacher asked us to rewrite the sentence in ______ speech. (A) direct (B) indirect
✅答案:A(直接引语)
15.similarity n.相似之处
🔸词性:n. 相似之处
🔹巧记:similar(相似的) + ity(名词后缀) → 相
似性
📚固定搭配:
bear similarity to(与...相似)
point out similarities(指出相似点)
📖例句:
There are many similarities between the two cultures.
⚠️考点:
常用复数:similarities(强调多个相似点)
反义词:difference(差异)
❓经典例题:
The ______ between the twins are amazing.
(A) similarity (B) similarities
✅答案:B(通常用复数)
16.friendship n.友谊;友情
🔸词性:n. 友谊
🔹巧记:friend(朋友) + ship(关系) → 友谊的
小船~
📚固定搭配:
build friendship(建立友谊)
lifelong friendship(终生友谊)
📖例句:
Their friendship began in kindergarten.
⚠️考点:
不可数名词(但可指具体一段友谊时用a friendship)
We have a strong friendship.
❓经典例题:
True ______ is hard to find. (A) friendship (B) friendships
✅答案:A(泛指抽象概念用单数)
17.metre /'mi:ta(r)/ (=meter)n.米
🔸词性:n. 米
🔹巧记:"me(我) + tre(谐音'尺')" → 我的
尺子量一米~ 📏
📚固定搭配:
square metre(平方米)
run 100 metres(跑100米)
📖例句:
The room is five metres long.
⚠️考点:
英式拼写 metre,美式 meter
单位缩写:m(小写!)
❓经典例题:
The rope is 3 ______ long. (A) metre (B) metres
✅答案:B(复数)
18.prince n.王子
🔸词性:n. 王子
🔹巧记:"prin(主要) + ce(谐音'瑟')" → 主要人物
王子很矜持~ 👑
📚固定搭配:
Prince Charming(白马王子)
crown prince(王储)
📖例句:
The prince will inherit the throne.
⚠️考点:
对应女性:princess(公主)
❓经典例题:
______ William is the eldest son of King Charles. (A) Prince (B) Princess
✅答案:A
19.character n.人物;个性
🔸词性:n. 人物;个性
🔹巧记:"char(谐音'察') + act(行动) + er" → 观察人物
的行动!
📚固定搭配:
main character(主角)
strong character(坚强的性格)
📖例句:
Harry Potter is the main character in the novel.
⚠️考点:
多义词:
角色(可数):a kind character
性格(不可数):She has good character.
❓经典例题:
The book describes the ______ of a brave soldier.
(A) characters (B) character
✅答案:B(指"性格"不可数)
20.pauper n.贫民;乞巧
🔸词性:n. 贫民;乞丐
🔹巧记:对比 "paper(纸)" → 贫民只有破纸遮身 😢
📚固定搭配:
live like a pauper(生活贫困)
📖例句:
The prince disguised himself as a pauper.
⚠️考点:
文学词汇,常见于《王子与贫儿》等故事
❓经典例题:
In the story, the rich man and the ______ exchanged clothes.
(A) prince (B) pauper
✅答案:B
21.exchange v.&n.交换
🔸词性:v. & n. 交换
🔹巧记:"ex(出) + change(改变)" → 拿出东西去改
变=交换
📚固定搭配:
exchange gifts(交换礼物)
in exchange for(作为...的交换)
student exchange program(学生交换项目)
📖例句:
We exchanged phone numbers at the party.
⚠️考点:
exchange A for B(用A换B)
I exchanged dollars for euros.
不可说:exchange with each other(❌重复,exchange已含双向含义)
❓经典例题:
She wants to ______ her book ______ your pen.
(A) exchange; for (B) change; with
✅答案:A
22.accident n.意外;(交通)事故
🔸词性:n. 意外;事故
🔹巧记:"ac(强调) + cid(落下) + ent" → 突然掉下
来的事=意外
📚固定搭配:
car accident(车祸)
by accident(偶然地)
📖例句:
He broke the vase by accident.
⚠️考点:
区分:
accident(意外事故)
incident(小事件,可能含冲突)
❓经典例题:
The fire was caused by ______. (A) an accident (B) an incident
✅答案:A(强调非故意)
by accident偶然;意外地
🔸词性:短语,意为"偶然地"
🔹巧记:对比 on purpose(故意地) → 反义词
记忆
📚固定搭配:
discover by accident(偶然发现)
📖例句:
I found this old photo by accident.
⚠️考点:
= by chance(同义替换考点)
❓经典例题:
______, I met my teacher at the airport.
(A) By accident (B) On accident
✅答案:A(固定搭配)
24.expect v.预料;期待
🔸词性:v. 预料;期待
🔹巧记:"ex(出) + pect(看)" → 向外看=期待
📚固定搭配:
expect to do(预计做某事)
as expected(正如预料)
📖例句:
We expect rain tomorrow.
⚠️考点:
后接不定式:I expect to finish by 5pm.
expect sb to do(期待某人做)
Parents expect children to study hard.
❓经典例题:
We didn’t ______ him to win. (A) hope (B) expect
✅答案:B(hope不接sb to do结构)
25.silver adj.银色的n.银
🔸词性:adj. 银色的;n. 银
🔹巧记:对比 gold(金) + silver(银) → 金银CP✨
📚固定搭配:
silver medal(银牌)
silver hair(银发)
📖例句:
Her ring is made of silver.
⚠️考点:
化学符号:Ag(来自拉丁语argentum)
❓经典例题:
The ______ moon hung in the sky. (A) golden (B) silver
✅答案:B(银色月亮)
26.silver lining 一线光明
🔸词性:短语,意为"一线希望"
🔹巧记:乌云(cloud)镶着银边(silver lining)→
黑暗中仍有光
📚固定搭配:
Every cloud has a silver lining.(谚语:黑暗中总有一
线光明)
📖例句:
The injury was bad, but the silver lining was more family
time.
⚠️考点:
常与cloud搭配使用,考察谚语
❓经典例题:
After failing the exam, he looked for ______.
(A) a silver lining (B) a gold line
✅答案:A
27.situation n.情况;状况
🔸词性:n. 情况;状况
🔹巧记:"sit(坐) + uation" → 坐稳了面对状况!
📚固定搭配:
current situation(现状)
in a difficult situation(处境困难)
📖例句:
The economic situation is improving.
⚠️考点:
同义词:circumstance(常用复数)
❓经典例题:
What would you do in this ______? (A) situate (B) situation
✅答案:B
28.care about关心;担心
🔸词性:短语,意为"关心;在意"
🔹巧记:care(关心) + about(关于) → 关心关于...
的事
📚固定搭配:
care deeply about(非常关心)
don't care about(不在乎)
📖例句:
She cares about animal rights.
⚠️考点:
区分:
care about(关心事物)
care for(照顾;喜欢)
❓经典例题:
He doesn’t ______ money. (A) care about (B) care for
✅答案:A
29.reach v.伸手;达到
🔸词性:v. 伸手;达到
🔹巧记:对比 teach(教) → 老师伸手递知识
📚固定搭配:
reach for(伸手去拿)
reach an agreement(达成协议)
📖例句:
The baby reached for the toy.
⚠️考点:
多义词:
物理到达:reach the station
抽象达成:reach a goal
❓经典例题:
She ______ the book on the top shelf.
(A) reached (B) reached for
✅答案:B(强调"试图够到")
30.reach for伸手触碰
🔸词性:短语,意为"伸手去拿"
🔹巧记:reach(伸) + for(为了) → 为了某物而伸手
📚固定搭配:
reach for the stars(追求梦想)
📖例句:
He reached for his wallet in his pocket.
⚠️考点:
与reach区别:
reach直接接宾语(碰到)
reach for(试图碰到)
❓经典例题:
The cat ______ the fish but couldn’t get it. (A) reached (B) reached for
✅答案:B
31.touch v.触动;触碰
🔸词性:v. 触碰;n. 接触
🔹巧记:谐音"他吃" → 他吃之前要先触碰食物
📚固定搭配:
keep in touch(保持联系)
touch screen(触摸屏)
📖例句:
Don’t touch the wet paint!
⚠️考点:
形容词:touching(感人的)
a touching story
❓经典例题:
The story was so ______ that I cried.
(A) touch (B) touching
✅答案:B
32.lend(sb)a hand帮助(某人)
🔸词性:短语,意为"帮助(某人)"
🔹巧记:lend(借出) + hand(手) → 借出手=帮忙
📚固定搭配:
Can you lend me a hand?(能帮个忙吗?)
📖例句:
They lent a hand with the cleaning.
⚠️考点:
= give sb a hand(同义替换)
❓经典例题:
Could you ______ me a hand with this box? (A) borrow (B) lend
✅答案:B
新单词(回顾)
New words
1.alike adj.相像的adv.相似地
2.mirror n.镜子
3.interest n.业余爱好;兴趣v.使感兴趣
4.novel n.小说
5.difference n.差异
6.sense n.理解力;感觉
7.humour /hju:mo/ (=humor)n.幽默;幽默感
8.thanks to归功于;由于;因为
9.less adj.较少的;更少的adv.较少地;更少地pron.较少;更少
10.straightforward adj坦率的;简单的
11.opinion n.看法;意见
12.make a mistake犯错误
13.honest adj.坦诚的;诚实的
14.direct adj.率直的;直接的
15.similarity n.相似之处
16.friendship n.友谊;友情
17.metre /'mi:ta(r)/ (=meter)n.米
18.prince n.王子
19.character n.人物;个性
20.pauper n.贫民;乞巧
21.exchange v.&n.交换
22.accident n.意外;(交通)事故
23.by accident偶然;意外地
24.expect v.预料;期待
25.silver adj.银色的n.银
26.silver lining 一线光明
27.situation n.情况;状况
28.care about关心;担心
29.reach v.伸手;达到
30.reach for伸手触碰
31.touch v.触动;触碰
32.lend(sb)a hand帮助(某人)
感谢聆听 批评指导
Thanks for listening
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