Welcome unit 语法--句子成分与基本句型结构 讲义-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

本文围绕句子成分与基本句型结构展开，通过感知句子、语法精讲、即时练等环节，构建从基础认知到实践运用的逻辑链，承接基础英语知识，为复杂句式学习奠基。教学中，借助多样练习渗透语言、文化、思维、学习能力等核心素养，如分析课文句子提升语言能力。 该设计亮点在于以练促学，特色教法为任务驱动。从学生层面看，强化实践与思维能力；从教师层面看，提供清晰授课流程；从课堂效果看，有效突破句型结构理解这一教学难点。

句子成分与基本句型结构 感知以下句子，并写出其对应的句型结构。 1.I’m a little anxious right now. 2.I want to make a good first impression. 3.He even told us a funny story. 4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 5.There’s a lot to explore at senior high. 6.What happened in the chemistry class? 7.I just had my first maths class at senior high school! 8.For Tim，that dream has come true! [规律感知] 主语＋谓语(SV) __8__ 主语＋系动词＋表语(SP) __1__ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) __7__ 主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) __6__ 存现句(There be...) __5__ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) __4__ 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVIODO) __3__ 主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) __2__ 语法精讲： 句子的主要成分是主语和谓语，而充当谓语的动词有不同的种类，这就形成了英语简单句的不同句型。 1.主语＋不及物动词(SV) 2.主语＋及物动词＋宾语(SVO) 3.主语＋系动词＋表语(SP) 4.主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVIODO) 5.主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补(SVOC) 6.主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) 7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) 8.存现句(There be...) [即时练]　写出下列句子所属的基本句型结构 ①This kind of food tastes terrible.SP ②He studies hard.SVA ③There are several books on the desks.There__be... ④He made me very angry.SVOC ⑤I visited many places of interest with my family last week.SVOA ⑥Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.SVIODO 【小题练习】 Ⅰ.分析P4课文中的句子并尝试翻译 示例：I want to make a good first impression. (SVO)我想给别人留下好的第一印象。 1.I just had my first maths class at senior high school! (SVOA)我刚刚上完高中的第一节数学课！ 2.He even told us a funny story. (SVIODO)他还给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (SVOC)我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。 4.This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. (SVOA)今天下午，我们在科学实验室上了化学课。 5.I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. (SVO)我无法集中精力做实验。 6.I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. (SP)我一点也不感到尴尬或害怕。 7.There’s a lot to explore at senior high. (There__be...)在高中有很多值得探索的东西。 8.I think that tomorrow will be a great day! (SVO)我认为明天将是伟大的一天！ Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑部分所充当的句子成分 1.The manager made them work day and night.宾语补足语 2.A lot of green lands have been opened to the public.谓语 3.The best method of keeping fit is to do exercise.表语 4.They lived in the room above.定语 5.He gave me a basket full of eggs.定语 6.To be or not to be is a question.主语 7.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday.宾语补足语 8.Is he the man who wants to see you？定语 9.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends.宾语 10.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.状语 Ⅲ.用给出的基本句型结构翻译句子 1.你应该保持你的房间干净且整齐。(SVOC) You__should__keep__your__room__clean__and__tidy. 2.一群来自英国的交换生下个月要来我们学校参观。(SVOA) A__group__of__exchange__students__from__the__UK__are__going__to__visit__our__school__next__month. 3.她给我们作了一个关于现代艺术的有趣的讲座。(SVIODO) She__gave__us__an__interesting__lecture__on__modern__art. 4.当我们从山顶上看，我们感觉这个城市更美。(SVOC) When__we__see__from__the__top__of__the__hill/Seeing__from__the__top__of__the__hill，we__can__find__the__city__more__beautiful. 5.这次活动给我们留下了深刻印象。(SVIODO) The__activity__left__us__a__deep__impression. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$