Unit 6 When disaster strikers 单元测试-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂（外研版2024）

Unit 6 When disaster strikers单元测试 2025-2026学年八年级英语上册新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂 （满分：100分 时间：90分） 一、单项选择（共20小题， 每小题1分，共20分） 1．We ________on the playground when it began to rain yesterday afternoon. A．run B．ran C．are running D．were running 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：当昨天下午开始下雨时，我们正在操场上跑步。 考查时态。A. run跑，一般现在时；B. ran跑，一般过去时；C. are running跑，现在进行时；D. were running跑，过去进行时。根据时间状语when it began to rain yesterday afternoon，可知动作发生在过去的某个时刻，主句动词应该用过去进行时，故选D。 2． Some social workers ________ after the people in need while others ________ out food to the local people. A．looked, gave B．were looking, gave C．were looking, were giving D．looked, were giving 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一阶段一直发生的动作 【详解】试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是一些社会工作者照顾有需要的人，而其他人提供食物给当地人民群众。此题重点考查的是while引导的状语从句表示当…的时候。其强调的是两个动作同时进行，并且经常用进行时态，故选C。 考点：过去进行时的用法。 点评：when，while都有“当……时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。如主句谓语动词表示的是短暂动作，从句时间状语指一段时间，when while 可通用。 while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 while 和 when在过去进行时中的用法：表示两个持续性的动作在过去同时发生用while，when后接一个短暂性的动作。持续性的动作用过去进行时,自然也就是要+ing了，短暂性的动作用一般过去时,所以不+ing.所以是while后的动作+ing,when后的动作一般不+ing 3．The New York ________ in this movie is beautiful. A．scene B．screen C．service D．sense 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】scene、screen、sense、service、名词辨析 【详解】句意：这部电影中的纽约场景很美。 考查名词辨析。scene场景；screen屏幕；service服务；sense感觉。根据“The New York...in this movie is beautiful.”可知，此处是指电影中的纽约场景很美。故选A。 4．—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么没来参加我们的聚会？——对不起。我从晚上7点到8点半在看足球比赛，忘记了时间。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m”可知，此处表示过去某个时间段正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，结构是was/were doing。故选B。 5．—Tom, did you notice Jack come in? —No. I ________ a football game at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你注意到杰克进来了吗？——没有。那时我正在看一场足球比赛。 考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，时态应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，表示“杰克进来那一刻，汤姆在看一场足球比赛”；主语为I，应用was。故选C。 6．When I passed by the music room, Sandy ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leaver’s party. A．practised B．will practise C．is practising D．was practising 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：当我经过音乐室时，Sandy正在为即将到来的离校晚会练习歌曲《友谊地久天长》。 考查时态。根据“When I passed by the music room”可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态用了一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+doing”，主句主语为Sandy，be动词需用was。故选D。 7．—Why didn’t you watch the final of the basketball match last night, Tom? —Well. I ______ the history project with Jack at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你昨晚为什么没看篮球比赛决赛？——嗯，当时我和杰克在讨论历史项目。 考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，此处是描述过去的某一时刻正进行的动作，用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”，主语是I，be用was。故选D。 8．—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：——你今天怎么来这么晚？——当我正在公交车站等车的时候，有三辆公交车没停就开走了。 考查时态。根据“Three buses went by without stopping while I...at the bus stop.”可知，此处表示正在等车时，有三辆公交车没停就开走了，主句时态为一般过去时，故此处从句时态应是过去进行时，表示“正在……”，构成为主语+was/were+doing。故选A。 9．We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain. A．are rowing B．were rowing C．rowed D．row 【答案】B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：我们正在湖上划船，这时天开始下雨了。 考查过去进行时。根据“when it started to rain”可知，此处表示过去某个时间正在做的事情，句子时态应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”；主语为“We”，be动词用were，动词row的现在分词为rowing。故选B。 10．—Kate, I went to see you at 7:30 last night, but you weren’t at home. —Oh, I ________ badminton with Jane at school. A．is playing B．has played C．played D．was playing 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：——凯特，我昨晚七点半去你家找你，但你不在家。——哦，我和简在学校打羽毛球呢。 考查时态。根据“I went to see you at 7:30 last night”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在做某事，应用过去进行时，其构成为“主语+was/were+doing”，主语为I，be动词用was。故选D。 11．While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：昨天晚上我和妈妈在超市购物时，我妹妹正在家里看书。 考查动词时态。根据“yesterday evening”可以判断这句话描述的是过去的事情，故排除选项C，根据“While I...”可知，我的动作与我妹妹的动作是同时进行，故两个空处需使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing，故选A。 12．I ________ a tea party with my friends when you called yesterday afternoon. A．have B．am having C．was having D．will have 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：昨天下午你打来电话时，我正在和朋友们开茶话会。 考查动词时态。根据“when you called yesterday afternoon.”可知，设空处是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，因此该句是过去进行时，故选C。 13．Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday. A．will train B．trains C．is training D．was training 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一阶段一直发生的动作 【详解】句意：我们校队上周日上午7点到10点进行足球比赛训练。 考查动词时态。句中提及的时间是“last Sunday”，指过去的某个明确的时间，从7 a.m.到10 a.m.，因此用过去进行时态表示当时正在进行的动作，结构为was/were doing。故选D。 14．Last Saturday, I ________ my homework when you phoned me. A．am doing B．do C．was doing D．will do 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：上周六，你打电话给我时，我正在做作业。 考查时态。根据“when you phoned me”可知此处表示当某事发生的时候，另一件事情正在进行，此处用过去进行时was doing。故选C。 15．My friends took photos of me while I ________ at the New Year’s party, and we all felt very happy. A．sang B．am singing C．was singing D．will sing 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：当我在新年晚会上唱歌时，我的朋友们给我拍了照片，我们都感到非常高兴。 考查过去进行时。根据“My friends took photos of me while I...at the New Year’s party”可知，此句是while引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时强调过去正在进行的动作。故选C。 16．I ________ a piano lesson at seven o’clock last night. A．teach B．taught C．is teaching D．was teaching 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：昨晚七点，我正在上钢琴课。 考查时态。teach教，一般现在时；taught一般过去时；is teaching现在进行时；was teaching过去进行时。根据“at seven o’clock last night”可知，表示过去某个时间点正在做某事，用过去进行时。故选D。 17．While we ________, the teacher came in. A．discuss B．are discussing C．discussed D．were discussing 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：当老师进来的时候，我们正在讨论。 考查动词时态。discuss讨论，用于一般现在时；are discussing正在讨论，用于现在进行时；discussed讨论，动词过去式或过去分词；were discussing正在讨论，用于过去进行时。本句是while引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时was/were doing，主句用一般过去时。故选D。 18．The driver ________ on the phone when the accident happened. A．talking B．talked C．was talking D．talks 【答案】C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：事故发生时，司机正在打电话。 考查动词时态。talking谈话，现在分词；talked过去式或过去分词；was talking正在谈话，用于过去进行时；talks谈话，动词第三人称单数。根据“when the accident happened.”可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句用了一般过去时，主句时态需用过去进行时，故选C。 19．They arrived while we ________ dinner. A．were having B．was having C．have D．will have 【答案】A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去进行时含when、while 【详解】句意：我们正在吃饭时，他们到了。 考查动词的时态。根据“They arrived while we…dinner.”可知，句子为“while”引导的时间状语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态应为过去进行时，其谓语部分为：was/were doing。从句主语“We”，第一人称复数，be动词应为“were”，“have”的现在分词为“having”。故选A。 20．My mother ________ Her Story at 8 o’clock last night. A．watches B．will watch C．is watching D．was watching 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 【详解】句意：昨天晚上8点我妈妈正在看《她的故事》。 考查时态。根据“ at 8 o’clock last night.”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在做的事情，用过去进行时。故选D。 三、完形填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 It was about two o’clock in the early morning. I was sleeping when the earthquake 21 . Suddenly I felt a slight shake. Then I heard a loud 22 like thunder (雷声). Soon the real noise came, like bombs (炸弹) under the ground. The earth started to 23 . People were 24 . Some ran out of the building. I tried to run out, too, but I could not. Outside, people were running while pieces of glass were falling down. Then the 25 began to come down, too! Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was 26 around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not 27 if anyone else was near me. I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. “I’m here,” I said. I was afraid, but I tried to be 28 . I shouted for help, 29 no one came. Then I pulled myself slowly through the dark. Luckily, there was enough space for me to move. Hours later, as I was trying to go out, I 30 heard some noise above me. I shouted, “Please help! I’m here!” Then other people shouted, too. At last, the firemen saved us. 21．A．ended B．landed C．covered D．started 22．A．report B．noise C．show D．music 23．A．cheer B．beat C．shake D．develop 24．A．afraid B．glad C．famous D．excited 25．A．islands B．radios C．walls D．umbrellas 26．A．beautiful B．boring C．enough D．quiet 27．A．keep B．warn C．know D．write 28．A．calm B．huge C．harmful D．shy 29．A．and B．so C．but D．or 30．A．hardly B．suddenly C．usually D．loudly 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】自然灾害与防范、叙事忆旧、个人经历 【导语】本文主要回忆了作者经历地震的事情。 21．句意：地震发生时我正在睡觉。 ended结束；landed降落；covered覆盖；started开始。根据“Suddenly I felt a slight shake”可知，地震是在作者睡梦中开始的。故选D。 22．句意：然后我听到一声像雷一样的巨响。 report报告；noise响声；show节目；music音乐。根据“Soon the real noise came”可知，作者听到了响声。故选B。 23．句意：大地开始摇动。 cheer欢呼；beat击打；shake摇动；develop发展。根据“the noise and shaking ended”可知，大地摇动。故选C。 24．句意：人们感到害怕。 afraid害怕的；glad高兴的；famous有名的；excited兴奋的。根据“people were running while pieces of glass were falling down.”可知，地震来了，人们感到害怕。故选A。 25．句意：然后墙也开始倒塌了！ islands岛屿；radios收音机；walls墙；umbrellas雨伞。根据“I tried to run out, too, but I could not.”可知，是作者室内的墙开始倒塌。故选C。 26．句意：我周围一片安静。 beautiful漂亮的；boring无聊的；enough足够的；quiet安静的。根据“Finally, the noise and shaking ended.”可知，地震停下后，作者被埋在废墟下，一片安静。故选D。 27．句意：我什么也看不见，也不知道附近是否还有其他人。 keep保持；warn警告；know知道，了解；write写。根据“I could not see anything at all”可知，四周很黑，不知道是否还有其他人。故选C。 28．句意：我很害怕，但我努力保持镇静。 calm镇静的；huge大的；harmful有害的；shy害羞的。根据“I was afraid, but”可知，此处与前面害怕的情绪形成对比，是镇静的。故选A。 29．句意：我大喊救命，但没人来。 and并且，表并列；so所以，表结果；but但是，表转折；or或者，表选择。根据“Then I pulled myself slowly through the dark. Luckily, there was enough space for me to move.”可知，作者喊了救命，没人来帮忙，只能自己想办法。前后表示转折关系。故选C。 30．句意：几个小时后，当我正尝试要出去时，突然听到头顶上有一些声音。 hardly几乎不；suddenly突然地；usually通常地；loudly大声地。根据“I shouted for help, but no one came”和“as I was trying to go out”可知，作者呼救很久都没有人，这个声音是突然出现的。故选B。 四、阅读单选（共15小题， 每小题2分，共30分） A You must hear about a typhoon (台风), but how much do you know about it? A typhoon is one of the worst rainstorms. Most happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When the sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it goes into the air. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it goes in. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins. What to do when a typhoon hits? ◆Stay indoors. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ◆Try to bring all of your things indoors. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ◆Listen to the radio or watch TV for important news. 请根据以上短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31．Typhoons often happen ________. A．only in China B．in the hot season C．in the cold season 32．In which order does a typhoon happen? a. The air gets warmer.    b. The wind moves fast enough, and a typhoon starts. c. The sea water gets hot.    d. The air moves quickly, making wind. A．a-c-b-d B．a-d-b-c C．c-a-d-b 33．Which of the following is TRUE according to (根据) the passage? A．Watching TV for important news is OK. B．The typhoon can’t blow away the heavy things. C．The warmer the air gets, the slower the wind moves. 34．What CAN’T we do when a typhoon comes? A．Go out to find a safer place. B．Close all the windows. C．Listen to typhoon news. 35．Where does the passage come from? A．A funny movie. B．A travel record. C．A science magazine. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】自然灾害与防范、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了台风的形成过程以及台风来袭时我们应该怎样做。 31．推理判断题。根据“A typhoon is one of the worst rainstorms. Most happen in July, August and September.”可知，台风经常发生在7—9月份，即炎热的季节。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“When the sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it goes into the air...After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind...when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins.”可知，海水变热后升空，然后空气变热，迅速移动变成风，当风速达到一定程度后就会形成台风。台风的形成顺序为c-a-d-b。故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“Listen to the radio or watch TV for important news.”可知，可以看电视了解重要的消息，A项表述正确。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据“Stay indoors. Close all the windows and stay away from them.”可知，台风来袭时，我们要待在室内，不能出去。故选A。 35．推理判断题。本文介绍了台风的形成过程以及台风来袭时我们应该怎样做，应该出自科学杂志。故选C。 B Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. They mostly happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles, and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind doesn’t move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rains are. Typhoons are very dangerous. In 2004, Typhoon Yunna killled 164 people in Zhejiang and 24 people were missing. In 2024, Typhoon Mojie landed on Haikou,  Hainan, thousands of houses and buildings were damaged. What can we do when a Typhoon hits？ Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes. Listen to the radio or TV for information. If you’re told to go to a safer place, do so right away. 36．Typhoons usually happen _________. A．around the Pacific Ocean and the East China Sea B．in all of the Asian countries C．in July, August and September 37．Which picture can tell the meaning of the underlined sentences “it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in”? A． B． C． 38．When a typhoon comes, we can’t __________. A．stay outside with our bikes B．listen to typhoon news C．stay inside the strong house 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Tyhoon Haijui killed 164 people in Zhejiang in 2004. B．A typhoon will happen when the wind goes faster than 30 metres a second. C．The strongest winds and hardest rains are in the eye of typhoon. 40．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 【答案】36．C 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】自然灾害与防范、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了台风的形成过程及台风中我们的应对措施。 36．细节理解题。根据“They mostly happen in July, August and September.”可知，它们大多发生在七月、八月和九月。故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据“it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in”可知，当空气温度上升时，它开始向天空高处移动，然后，他周围温度更低的空气补充进来。根据描述可知，图片C描述符合题意。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes.”可知，当台风来的时候试着把你所有的东西都带进来，强风会吹走你的自行车。选项A“和我们的自行车呆在外面”符合题意。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据“And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins.”可知，当风速超过每秒30米时，台风就开始了。选项B“当风速超过每秒30米时，就会发生台风。”符合题意。故选B。 40．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述台风是最严重的风暴之一，第二段讲述了台风是如何发生的，第三段讲述了台风有两部分，第四段介绍了台风的危险，第五段介绍了台风来袭的时候我们应该做什么。因此本文为总分结构。故选A。 C It’s easy to think “that will never happen to me,” but natural disasters (灾难) are becoming both more common and serious. Millions of families face floods, tornadoes (龙卷风) and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought (干旱), taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions of animals. While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do. Flood Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water. They can make you sick, so don’t drink it even if you are thirsty. Tornado A tornado happens during some storms. If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms. Earthquake You can stay safe during an earthquake by moving away from things that might fall. Get down under something that’s strong if you can’t rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with your arm. If you’re outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt you. Bushfire Bushfires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the hotter months. It is important that you try to stay calm in a bushfire. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten (威胁) homes and lives within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early. You’d better prepare an emergency survival kit and have it handy at all times. No one wants to be caught in a dangerous and extreme situation. If the unthinkable does take place, having a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference for you and your loved ones. 41．The writer mentions Australian wildfires to show ________. A．a natural disaster will never happen to us B．the fires can cause the death of people and animals C．natural disasters are becoming more and more serious D．the high temperature and a drought may lead to wildfires 42．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the passage? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 43．When disasters happen, what can you do to keep safe? A．Drink flood water if you are thirsty when a flood happens. B．Stop moving and wait for other people’s help in a bushfire. C．Stay away from windows or flying things when a tornado comes. · D．Stay under the trees after getting out of buildings in an earthquake. 44．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Predictions about Natural Disasters B．The Ways to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters C．The Reasons Why Natural Disasters Happen D．The Types of Natural Disasters around the World 45．Where can the passage be find? A．A science magazine B．A dictionary C．A diary D．A sports poster 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】说明文、自我保护、自然灾害与防范、方法/策略 【导语】本文讲述了如何在自然灾害中的保持安全，并提供了具体的应对措施。文章通过介绍几种常见的自然灾害，包括洪水、龙卷风、地震和丛林大火，来告诉读者如何在这些灾害中确保自身安全。文章强调了制定计划以及掌握防灾知识的重要性，以应对不可预见的极端情况。 41．细节理解题。根据“It’s easy to think ‘that will never happen to me,’ but natural disasters are becoming both more common and serious.”以及“In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought, taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions of animals.”可知，作者通过开头和对澳大利亚野火的描述是为了强调自然灾害变得越来越普遍和严重，用来举例说明自然灾害的严重性。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据“Flood”、“Tornado”、“Earthquake”以及“Bushfire”可知，文中提到了四种自然灾害：洪水、龙卷风、地震和山火，故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据“Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on you.”可知，龙卷风来临时要远离窗户和飞的物体，故选C。 44．最佳标题题。根据“While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在自然灾害中的一些安全措施，选项B“在自然灾害中保持安全的方法”符合本文主题。故选B。 45．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文内容涉及自然灾害及如何应对，适合刊登在科学杂志上。故选A。 五、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 46．Trees can keep soil (土壤) in place, so planting as many trees as possible is a good way to stop (flood). 【答案】floods 【难度】0.4 【知识点】flood、可数名词复数规则变化 【详解】句意：树木可以固定土壤，因此尽可能多地植树是防止洪水的好方法。flood洪水，名词，此处用复数形式，泛指洪水灾害。故填floods。 47．I told my friend my secrets (秘密) and I asked her to keep them to . (she) 【答案】herself 【难度】0.4 【知识点】反身代词、herself 【详解】句意：我把我的秘密告诉了我的朋友，并请她保守秘密。根据“I told my friend my secrets and I asked her to keep them to...”可知，keep...to oneself意为“保守秘密”，所以此处应填she的反身代词，故填herself。 48．We will get if we don’t have a map. (lose) 【答案】lost 【难度】0.4 【知识点】lost、be/get lost、形容词作表语 【详解】句意：如果我们没有地图，我们将会迷路。lose“丢失”，动词，lost “丢失的”，形容词，get是特殊的系动词，后面跟形容词lost，get lost“迷路”，故填lost。 49．However, we (lose) everything in the fire and only had the clothes we were wearing. 【答案】lost 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、过去式变化规则、lost 【详解】句意：然而，我们在火灾中失去了一切，只剩下了我们穿的衣服。根据“and only had”可知，and表并列，前后动词形式一致。had为过去式，故空处用lose的过去式。故填lost。 50．Why not (develop) our plans with the help of the teacher? 【答案】develop 【难度】0.4 【知识点】特殊疑问句、develop 【详解】句意：为什么不在老师的帮助下制定我们的计划呢？develop 意为“发展，开发，研制”，是动词原形。why not do sth.意为“为什么不做某事”，表示用来提出某种建议等，not后面接动词原形。故填develop。 51．The little girl cried loudly when she was in the street. (lose) 【答案】lost 【难度】0.4 【知识点】形容词作表语、lost 【详解】句意：当小女孩在街上迷路时，她大声哭了起来。结合提示词和空前的was可知，本题考查短语be lost“迷路”。故填lost。 52．Mary likes listening to music because she can relax when she feels tired. (she) 【答案】herself 【难度】0.4 【知识点】反身代词、herself 【详解】句意：玛丽喜欢听音乐，因为她觉得累的时候可以放松自己。分析句子结构和提示词可知，应填she的反身代词形式herself“她自己”，做动词relax的宾语。故填herself。 53．Mum looked for her key everywhere but found nothing. (lose) 【答案】lost 【难度】0.4 【知识点】形容词作定语、lost 【详解】句意：妈妈到处找丢失的钥匙，但什么也没找到。lose“丢失”，动词；空处在句中作定语修饰名词key，所以用形容词lost表示“丢失的”，故填lost。 54．Amy (lose) her watch this morning. She is worried. 【答案】lost 【难度】0.4 【知识点】过去发生的动作/状态、过去式变化规则、lost 【详解】句意：艾米今天早上丢了她的手表。她很担心。根据“this morning”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，lose的过去式是lost。故填lost。 55．Movie World has (comfortable) seats of all the movie theaters. That’s why few people choose to watch movies there. 【答案】the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable 【难度】0.4 【知识点】comfortable、least、most、uncomfortable、形容词作定语、the+最高级（+比较范围） 【详解】句意：电影世界有所有电影院里最不舒服的座位。那就是几乎没有人选择在那里看电影的原因。根据“of all the movie theaters”可知，应用最高级；再根据“That’s why few people choose to watch movies there”和括号内所给单词可知，此空意为“最不舒服的”。the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable“最不舒服的”。故填the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable。 六、短文首字母填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。单词的第一个字母已给出。 A very strong earthquake hit Morocco at midnight on Sept 8, 2023. At that time, Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake. He hurried back home through the b 56 buildings that covered the roads. Said found that his house was completely destroyed (毁坏) when he a 57 home. Mohamed, Said’s father, was trying his best to save his three grandchildren who were still inside. U 58 , two of Said’s three children—his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive (存活). “I was s 59 at home when the earthquake hit. Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟). The house c 60 down while they were inside,” Mohamed said. Asma and Ibrahim were among the 47 people who lost their l 61 in the earthquake. Some volunteers p 62 Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster. The Moroccan Red Crescent, w 63 the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss (损失). In the face of disasters, it’s i 64 to bring back what people have lost, but offering a hand in time can help families like Said’s spend their hard time. This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard j 65 for a family to get better after an earthquake. Disasters are merciless (无情的), but there is love in the world. 【答案】 56．(b)roken 57．(a)rrived 58．(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily 59．(s)leeping 60．(c)ame 61．(l)ives 62．(p)rovided 63．(w)ith 64．(i)mpossible 65．(j)ourney 【难度】0.4 【知识点】志愿服务、自然灾害与防范 【导语】本文讲述了2023年9月8日晚摩洛哥发生地震，造成包括赛义德的两个孩子在内的47人死亡，志愿者和摩洛哥红新月会为受灾家庭提供援助，帮助他们渡过难关，重建生活。 56．句意：他匆匆穿过布满道路的残破建筑回家。根据上文“Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake”并结合首字母提示可知，发生了地震，房子应是倒塌，毁坏了，broken“损坏的”符合。故填(b)roken。 57．句意：赛义德到家时发现他的房子完全被毁了。根据“Said found that his house was completely destroyed”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指到家时发现自己家发生的事情，arrive“到达”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填(a)rrived。 58．句意：不幸的是，赛义德的三个孩子中有两个——他11岁的女儿阿斯玛和5岁的儿子易卜拉欣——没有幸存下来。根据“his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive”并结合首字母提示可知，两个孩子没有幸存下来，应是不幸的事情，unfortunately/unluckily“不幸的是”，副词，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故填(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily。 59．句意：地震发生时，我正在家里睡觉。根据“I was…at home when the earthquake hit.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指地震发生时，自己在睡觉，sleep“睡觉”，此处应用现在分词形式，与was构成过去进行时。故填(s)leeping。 60．句意：他们在里面的时候房子塌了。根据上文“Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟).”并结合首字母提示可知，房子塌了，come down“落下”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式came。故填(c)ame。 61．句意：阿斯玛和易卜拉欣在地震中丧生的47人之中。根据上文“his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive”并结合首字母提示可知，两个孩子没有幸存下来，此处指失去生命，根据空前的“their”可知，此处用复数形式lives“生命”。故填(l)ives。 62．句意：一些志愿者为赛义德的家人提供了帐篷、保暖的衣服和食物，以帮助他们度过灾难的第一部分。根据“Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster”并结合首字母提示可知，是给他们提供救助，provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式provided。故填(p)rovided。 63．句意：摩洛哥红新月会在卡塔尔红新月会的帮助下，也帮助赛义德的家人处理了他们的巨大损失。根据“The Moroccan Red Crescent,…the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指在卡塔尔红新月会的帮助下，摩洛哥红新月会帮助赛义德的家人处理了他们的巨大损失，with the help of…“在……的帮助下”，是固定词组。故填(w)ith。 64．句意：面对灾难，人们不可能挽回失去的东西，但及时伸出援手可以帮助像赛义德这样的家庭度过艰难的时光。根据“it’s…to bring back what people have lost”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指人们不可能挽回失去的东西，impossible“不可能的”符合。故填(i)mpossible。 65．句意：这种帮助只是地震后一个家庭康复的漫长而艰难旅程的第一步。根据“This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard…for a family to get better after an earthquake.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指这种帮助只是地震后一个家庭康复的漫长而艰难旅程的第一步，journey“旅程”符合，a后接单数名词。故填(j)ourney。 七、书面表达（共1题，共15分） 66．Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震。很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Susanna，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动情景，80词左右。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My name is Susanna. In our city, there was an earthquake at 8:32 yesterday evening. At that time, I was taking a shower in the bathroom. My mother was cleaning up the kitchen and my father was watching TV in the living room. My elder sister Alice was working on her computer in her room. We were very scared. Luckily, the earthquake was not strong and it didn’t last long. And we were all safe. 【难度】0.65 【知识点】自然灾害与防范、家庭生活、家人和亲人 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要以“一般过去时”和“过去进行时”为主； ③提示：需具体描述地震发生时家人的活动场景，可适当增加细节内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先作自我介绍，以及说明地震发生时的时间和地点； 第二步，具体描述地震发生时家人的活动场景，应列举具体事例； 第三步，结尾点明“安然无恙”，呼应题目中的“幸运”。 [亮点词汇] ①at that time当时 ②take a shower洗淋浴 ③luckily幸运的是 [高分句型] ①In our city, there was an earthquake at 8:32 yesterday evening. (there be句型) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 When disaster strikers单元测试 2025-2026学年八年级英语上册新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂 （满分：100分 时间：90分） 一、单项选择（共20小题， 每小题1分，共20分） 1．We ________on the playground when it began to rain yesterday afternoon. A．run B．ran C．are running D．were running 2． Some social workers ________ after the people in need while others ________ out food to the local people. A．looked, gave B．were looking, gave C．were looking, were giving D．looked, were giving 3．The New York ________ in this movie is beautiful. A．scene B．screen C．service D．sense 4．—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch 5．—Tom, did you notice Jack come in? —No. I ________ a football game at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 6．When I passed by the music room, Sandy ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leaver’s party. A．practised B．will practise C．is practising D．was practising 7．—Why didn’t you watch the final of the basketball match last night, Tom? —Well. I ______ the history project with Jack at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 8．—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 9．We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain. A．are rowing B．were rowing C．rowed D．row 10．—Kate, I went to see you at 7:30 last night, but you weren’t at home. —Oh, I ________ badminton with Jane at school. A．is playing B．has played C．played D．was playing 11．While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read 12．I ________ a tea party with my friends when you called yesterday afternoon. A．have B．am having C．was having D．will have 13．Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday. A．will train B．trains C．is training D．was training 14．Last Saturday, I ________ my homework when you phoned me. A．am doing B．do C．was doing D．will do 15．My friends took photos of me while I ________ at the New Year’s party, and we all felt very happy. A．sang B．am singing C．was singing D．will sing 16．I ________ a piano lesson at seven o’clock last night. A．teach B．taught C．is teaching D．was teaching 17．While we ________, the teacher came in. A．discuss B．are discussing C．discussed D．were discussing 18．The driver ________ on the phone when the accident happened. A．talking B．talked C．was talking D．talks 19．They arrived while we ________ dinner. A．were having B．was having C．have D．will have 20．My mother ________ Her Story at 8 o’clock last night. A．watches B．will watch C．is watching D．was watching 三、完形填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 It was about two o’clock in the early morning. I was sleeping when the earthquake 21 . Suddenly I felt a slight shake. Then I heard a loud 22 like thunder (雷声). Soon the real noise came, like bombs (炸弹) under the ground. The earth started to 23 . People were 24 . Some ran out of the building. I tried to run out, too, but I could not. Outside, people were running while pieces of glass were falling down. Then the 25 began to come down, too! Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was 26 around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not 27 if anyone else was near me. I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. “I’m here,” I said. I was afraid, but I tried to be 28 . I shouted for help, 29 no one came. Then I pulled myself slowly through the dark. Luckily, there was enough space for me to move. Hours later, as I was trying to go out, I 30 heard some noise above me. I shouted, “Please help! I’m here!” Then other people shouted, too. At last, the firemen saved us. 21．A．ended B．landed C．covered D．started 22．A．report B．noise C．show D．music 23．A．cheer B．beat C．shake D．develop 24．A．afraid B．glad C．famous D．excited 25．A．islands B．radios C．walls D．umbrellas 26．A．beautiful B．boring C．enough D．quiet 27．A．keep B．warn C．know D．write 28．A．calm B．huge C．harmful D．shy 29．A．and B．so C．but D．or 30．A．hardly B．suddenly C．usually D．loudly 四、阅读单选（共15小题， 每小题2分，共30分） A You must hear about a typhoon (台风), but how much do you know about it? A typhoon is one of the worst rainstorms. Most happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When the sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it goes into the air. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it goes in. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins. What to do when a typhoon hits? ◆Stay indoors. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ◆Try to bring all of your things indoors. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ◆Listen to the radio or watch TV for important news. 请根据以上短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31．Typhoons often happen ________. A．only in China B．in the hot season C．in the cold season 32．In which order does a typhoon happen? a. The air gets warmer.    b. The wind moves fast enough, and a typhoon starts. c. The sea water gets hot.    d. The air moves quickly, making wind. A．a-c-b-d B．a-d-b-c C．c-a-d-b 33．Which of the following is TRUE according to (根据) the passage? A．Watching TV for important news is OK. B．The typhoon can’t blow away the heavy things. C．The warmer the air gets, the slower the wind moves. 34．What CAN’T we do when a typhoon comes? A．Go out to find a safer place. B．Close all the windows. C．Listen to typhoon news. 35．Where does the passage come from? A．A funny movie. B．A travel record. C．A science magazine. B Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. They mostly happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles, and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind doesn’t move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rains are. Typhoons are very dangerous. In 2004, Typhoon Yunna killled 164 people in Zhejiang and 24 people were missing. In 2024, Typhoon Mojie landed on Haikou,  Hainan, thousands of houses and buildings were damaged. What can we do when a Typhoon hits？ Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes. Listen to the radio or TV for information. If you’re told to go to a safer place, do so right away. 36．Typhoons usually happen _________. A．around the Pacific Ocean and the East China Sea B．in all of the Asian countries C．in July, August and September 37．Which picture can tell the meaning of the underlined sentences “it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in”? A． B． C． 38．When a typhoon comes, we can’t __________. A．stay outside with our bikes B．listen to typhoon news C．stay inside the strong house 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Tyhoon Haijui killed 164 people in Zhejiang in 2004. B．A typhoon will happen when the wind goes faster than 30 metres a second. C．The strongest winds and hardest rains are in the eye of typhoon. 40．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． C It’s easy to think “that will never happen to me,” but natural disasters (灾难) are becoming both more common and serious. Millions of families face floods, tornadoes (龙卷风) and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought (干旱), taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions of animals. While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do. Flood Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water. They can make you sick, so don’t drink it even if you are thirsty. Tornado A tornado happens during some storms. If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms. Earthquake You can stay safe during an earthquake by moving away from things that might fall. Get down under something that’s strong if you can’t rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with your arm. If you’re outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt you. Bushfire Bushfires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the hotter months. It is important that you try to stay calm in a bushfire. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten (威胁) homes and lives within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early. You’d better prepare an emergency survival kit and have it handy at all times. No one wants to be caught in a dangerous and extreme situation. If the unthinkable does take place, having a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference for you and your loved ones. 41．The writer mentions Australian wildfires to show ________. A．a natural disaster will never happen to us B．the fires can cause the death of people and animals C．natural disasters are becoming more and more serious D．the high temperature and a drought may lead to wildfires 42．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the passage? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 43．When disasters happen, what can you do to keep safe? A．Drink flood water if you are thirsty when a flood happens. B．Stop moving and wait for other people’s help in a bushfire. C．Stay away from windows or flying things when a tornado comes. · D．Stay under the trees after getting out of buildings in an earthquake. 44．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Predictions about Natural Disasters B．The Ways to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters C．The Reasons Why Natural Disasters Happen D．The Types of Natural Disasters around the World 45．Where can the passage be find? A．A science magazine B．A dictionary C．A diary D．A sports poster 五、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 46．Trees can keep soil (土壤) in place, so planting as many trees as possible is a good way to stop (flood). 47．I told my friend my secrets (秘密) and I asked her to keep them to . (she) 48．We will get if we don’t have a map. (lose) 49．However, we (lose) everything in the fire and only had the clothes we were wearing. 50．Why not (develop) our plans with the help of the teacher? 51．The little girl cried loudly when she was in the street. (lose) 52．Mary likes listening to music because she can relax when she feels tired. (she) 53．Mum looked for her key everywhere but found nothing. (lose) 54．Amy (lose) her watch this morning. She is worried. 55．Movie World has (comfortable) seats of all the movie theaters. That’s why few people choose to watch movies there. 六、短文首字母填空（共10小题， 每小题1分，共10分） 先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。单词的第一个字母已给出。 A very strong earthquake hit Morocco at midnight on Sept 8, 2023. At that time, Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake. He hurried back home through the b 56 buildings that covered the roads. Said found that his house was completely destroyed (毁坏) when he a 57 home. Mohamed, Said’s father, was trying his best to save his three grandchildren who were still inside. U 58 , two of Said’s three children—his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive (存活). “I was s 59 at home when the earthquake hit. Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟). The house c 60 down while they were inside,” Mohamed said. Asma and Ibrahim were among the 47 people who lost their l 61 in the earthquake. Some volunteers p 62 Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster. The Moroccan Red Crescent, w 63 the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss (损失). In the face of disasters, it’s i 64 to bring back what people have lost, but offering a hand in time can help families like Said’s spend their hard time. This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard j 65 for a family to get better after an earthquake. Disasters are merciless (无情的), but there is love in the world. 七、书面表达（共1题，共15分） 66．Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震。很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Susanna，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动情景，80词左右。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$