精品解析：天津市河西区2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

河西区2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级期末质量调查 英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 (满分75分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much did the woman spend yesterday? A.$50. B.$30. C.$25. 2. What is the woman’s problem? A. She couldn’t find her notebook. B. She couldn’t follow the professor. C. She couldn’t write down the writer’s name. 3 What does the girl have for lunch today? A Apples. B. Bananas. C. Sandwiches. 4. How did the girl know about the party? A. From an e-mail. B. From a phone call. C. From a text message. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. At a hotel. C. At a restaurant. 第二节 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Watching some pictures. B. Looking for a young actor. C. Selecting an assistant for the man. 7. What is the teenager supposed to look like? A. He should be of medium height. B. He should have a big nose. C. He should have short hair. 8. What do people think of Peter? A. Famous. B. Reliable. C. Humorous. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What is the most probable relationship between Michael and Betty? A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. House owner and cleaner. 10. Who are busy with parties? A. Rob and Steve. B. Michael and Betty. C. Mrs. Anderson and her niece. 11. What is the man? A A writer. B. An actor. C. A director. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15题。 12. Where is the speaker? A. In New York. B. In London. C. In York. 13. Why was“Feel good” developed? A. To open up new markets. B. To introduce modern technology. C To increase the variety of products. 14. What does the speaker say about“Feel good”? A It is aimed at housewives. B. It will replace the original ranges. C. It is expected to have higher qualities. 15. What has the speaker’s company run to make the new product known? A. Advertisements on line. B. Nationwide promotions. C. Advertisements in magazines. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Bob, ______, but your MP4 is too loud. —Oh, I’m really sorry. I’ll turn it down right now. A. I hate to say B. it’s hard to say C. you are welcome D. I have a problem 2. During job interviews, many graduates use the and image of their schools to the full to impress the employers. A. expectation B. contribution C. reputation D. regulation 3. The keen competition in online game industry forced the firms with poor performance to _____ from the market. A. convert B. withdraw C. resign D. remove 4. The Internet users have been warned to any message that ask you to send cash or personal information, no matter how formal they are. A. abandon B. enhance C. decrease D. reject 5. What makes a good speaker is his or her ability to an audience’s needs and concerns. A. exceed B. exploit C. anticipate D. accumulate 6. Before investing in the new technology, the company’s management team will ______ the potential loss against the risks involved. A. weigh up B. catch up C. pass up D. build up 7. We are so used to the plants and flowers all around us that we may even them without realizing how much inspiration they have given us. A. put... off B. take... for granted C. keep... in touch D. reject... out of hand 8. He is easy to believe anything other people say at such a(n) age. A. decent B. delicate C. typical D. innocent 9. The rescue team ________ 15 countries has come to aid. A. consists of B. is made up of C. consisting of D. make up 10. In the reading room, we found her ________ at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book. A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed 11. _________ a reply, he decided to write another letter to the personal manager about his job application. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 12. The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A. had been missing B. were missing C. have been missing D. will be missing 13. When I entered the lecture theatre , the lecture and the audience attentively. A. began; listened B. was begun; was listening C. had already begun; listening D. had already begun; were listening 14. ---Look! Everything here is under construction. ---What’s the pretty small house that ______ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 15. The ancient city walls by the local government in recent years. A. are restored B. had been restored C. will be restored D. have been restored 第二节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Mrs Alverez was a second-grade teacher and she had a quiet boy, Carlos, who was ____16____ to learn to read in her class. Carlos was living with his single mother in a run-down apartment. He had no ____17____ and his struggles at school ____18____ his suffering. Mrs Alverez worked as hard as she could to help Carlos to read. Toward the end of the year, Mrs Alverez got a chance to move to a position in a good school. One day after school, Carlos’ mother came to see Mrs Alverez and begged her to stay. Mrs Alverez thought over the appeal of Carlos’ ____19____mother and ____20____ her“dream job”. Then Mrs Alverez taught as best as she could, always giving Carlos a bit of extra ____21____ . She hoped that things would ____22____ for this shy,frightened boy. Many years later, Mrs Alverez was crossing the street and ____23____ dropped her papers on the sidewalk. At that moment, two young men passed by and they stopped to help her. As the taller one ____24____ her with her papers,he murmured (低语), “Mrs Alverez?” In an instant they both _____25_____ each other and hugged tightly. The second boy _____26_____ and asked _____27_____ if she was Mrs Alverez. He said that Carlos had given a speech at the high school graduation ceremony, telling them that a teacher named Mrs Alverez helped him learn to read, cared for him and _____28_____ him. It was this teacher to whom Carlos _____29_____ his success. Mrs.Alverez stood there looking at the two young men and began crying very _____30_____ tear of joy. 16. A. volunteering B. struggling C. hesitating D. refusing 17. A. imagination B. curiosity C. confidence D. pressure 18. A. kept away B. ended up C. led to D. added to 19. A. desperate B. peaceful C. suspicious D. experienced 20. A. stuck to B. went after C. turned down D. took up 21. A. attention B. sample C. respect D. service 22. A. polish up B. heat up C. calm down D. work out 23. A. occasionally B. accidentally C. temporarily D. purposely 24. A. mentioned B. surrounded C. approached D. assisted 25. A. motivated B. recognized C. reacted D. supported 26. A. interrupted B. detected C. reunited D. proceeded 27. A. proudly B. astonishedly C. worriedly D. casually 28. A. amused B. impressed C. protected D. inspired 29. A. offered B. returned C. owed D. contributed 30. A. grateful B. bitter C. regretful D. sweet 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Stanford Summer Session provides high-achieving and ambitious students with a transformative educational experience at a world-class university. Here is a list of the courses. Cellphone Photography Instructor:Yanez, V Course Description: The course combines critical analysis of cellphone photography with the creation of photographic artworks that explore this specific medium’s experimental, social and documentary potential. Note:No lab fee. Limited enrollment (注册人数). Attendance at the first class required. Enrollment will be determined at the first class meeting. Human Rights and World Literature Instructor: David Palumbo Lui Course Description: This course has two components. The first will be a set of readings on the history of modern human rights. These readings will come from philosophy, history, political theory. The second component consists of novels and films that come from different locations in the world, each telling a good story. Technology and Inequality Instructor: Jihye Lee Course Description: This course will provide an introduction to the social, politienl, and economic inequalities arising in the digital age. It also functions as an introduction to entry-level data science whereby you develop basic programming skills and apply them to present your group project. No previous programming experience is necessary. Public Speaking: Romancing the Room Instructor: James Wagstaffe Course Description: A practical approach to the art of public speaking. The course aims to develop skills in speech types including those used for personal communication, interviews, demonstrations, persuading, and special occasions. Materials include video tapes, texts of famous speeches, and a final dinner program of speeches. Students evaluate presentations by others. ＄55 materials fee. 31. What should students taking Yanez, V’s class keep in mind? A. They must show up at the first class. B. They will be charged for using labs. C. They should have programming experience. D. They need to bring their photographic works. 32. The readings on the history of modern human rights will NOT come from_______. A. philosophy B. history C. psychology D. political theory 33. What is Jihye Lee expert at? A. Cellphone photography. B. Social psychology. C. Movie review. D. Computer science. 34. What will James Wagstaffe teach students? A. To make wonderful videotapes. B. To give public speeches skillfully. C. To organize successful dinner parties. D. To write about their personal experiences. 35. Which course charges materials fee? A. Cellphone Photography. B. Technology and Inequality. C. Human Rights and World Literature. D. Public Speaking: Romancing the Room. B The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a music school, and to college I went-quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus was I launched upon a business career—which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. I felt that life was passing me by. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe. I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 36. The writer’s parents didn’t want him to take a music career mainly because . A. the writer didn’t show much talent in playing music B. college was a much better option than a music school C. it seemed an unstable and financially-challenged profession D. the living conditions of the writer’s parents weren’t good enough 37. What can be learned about the writer’s experience of college? A. The writer enjoyed the fruitful college life B. The writer dropped out before graduation. C. The writer kept playing the violin every day. D. The writer went to college unwillingly. 38. What was the most important thing the writer achieved from his business career? A. A sense of belonging B. A considerable fortune C. The satisfaction of helping others D. The pride of being a wealthy man. 39. What does the underlined sentence I walked on air. in Paragraph 3 mean? A. I was interviewed by a broadcaster. B. My music was alive on broadcast. C. I felt very relaxed indeed D. I was extremely excited 40. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. Being able to do what one loves is the best kind of life. B. A success of living depends on one’s adaption to life. C. One should think twice before he/she makes a decision. D. Ups and downs make one even stronger. C It is widely recognized that self-discipline gives us freedom. Those who can control themselves have the ability to make the best use of their time, thus lost in the joy of freedom while other people suffer from “painful self-discipline”, stuck in a difficult situation where they feel guilty for not being able to complete the missions on their never-ending to-do lists. But do these pains come from self-discipline? Not exactly. The people who are anxious about being so-called self-disciplined masters are actually missing the point of this virtue. It’s not a “the more the better” kind of thing. Rather, it’s the capability to find a complicated balance between work and entertainment, which enables you to work more efficiently and to take control of your life. Thus, there’s no need to push yourself too hard. As a self-disciplined student, I think I understand the key to easing the sometime painful learning process with all kinds of after-school activities. Self-discipline urges me to set aside adequate time for all of my required schoolwork and to efficiently finish it. What’s more, having a high learning efficiency means that if I am interested in a certain topic in my textbook or the knowledge of a specific field, I can spend more time exploring it in depth, while devoting myself to my own interests. However, each time the bell for the end of class rings, I’m always the first to grab the basketball and dash to the court to enjoy the thrill of a ball game with my friends until the sun sinks below the horizon. As I said, the real freedom to enjoy a wonderful life is based on self-discipline. And the final aim of self-discipline is to enjoy a wonderful life. Being self-disciplined is about doing the proper thing at the proper time. You have to push yourself under the guidance of self-discipline to achieve high efficiency in your daily routine. But don’t be too tough on yourself because unreasonable time management may drain you of the energy and passion you need to struggle on. Fit in adequate diversions from work within your carefully designed schedule, and I’m sure you can remove the obstacles that stand in your path to the ultimate freedom. 41. How does the author develop Paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By making a comparison. C. By analyzing a reason. D. By presenting a result. 42. What can we know about self-disciplined students in Paragraph 3? A. They have great trouble casing the painful learning process. B. They can hardly spare time to finish their assignments. C. They can pursue their hobbies with high learning efficiency. D. They spend most time enjoying ball games with their friends. 43. What is the ultimate goal of self-discipline in the author ‘s view? A. To suffer mental pain. B. To enjoy a happy life. C. To manage time scientifically. D. To achieve high efficiency. 44. What does the underlined word “drain” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Exhaust. B. Increase. C. Provide. D. Preserve. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Self-discipline is the key to achieving high efficiency. B. People should be strict with themselves to be self-disciplined. C. The pursuit of self-discipline is a painful process. D. Self-discipline is about finding a balance and leading to real freedom. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (满分25分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 46. What did the author want to develop according to paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 47. In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? (no more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 49. Why did the adviser consider the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 50. From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (no more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你从学校报纸上看到当地的动物保护协会正在招募暑期兼职动物保护助理员，请你向动物保护协会写一封申请信，要点如下： (1)申请这个职位的原因(如想从事有关专业等)； (2)具备的技能和经历(如：曾经养过动物，有经验；读了很多动物书籍，有相关知识；有责任感和组织能力等)； (3)申请进一步面谈。 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)申请信的开头、结尾已经给出，不计入词数； (3)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Sir/ Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河西区2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级期末质量调查 英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 (满分75分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分15分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much did the woman spend yesterday? A.$50. B.$30. C.$25. 2. What is the woman’s problem? A. She couldn’t find her notebook. B. She couldn’t follow the professor. C. She couldn’t write down the writer’s name. 3. What does the girl have for lunch today? A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Sandwiches. 4. How did the girl know about the party? A. From an e-mail. B. From a phone call. C. From a text message. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. At a hotel. C. At a restaurant. 第二节 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Watching some pictures. B. Looking for a young actor. C. Selecting an assistant for the man. 7. What is the teenager supposed to look like? A. He should be of medium height. B. He should have a big nose. C. He should have short hair. 8. What do people think of Peter? A. Famous. B. Reliable. C. Humorous. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What is the most probable relationship between Michael and Betty? A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. House owner and cleaner. 10. Who are busy with parties? A. Rob and Steve. B. Michael and Betty. C. Mrs. Anderson and her niece. 11. What is the man? A. A writer. B. An actor. C. A director. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15题。 12. Where is the speaker? A. In New York. B. In London. C. In York. 13 Why was“Feel good” developed? A. To open up new markets. B. To introduce modern technology. C. To increase the variety of products. 14. What does the speaker say about“Feel good”? A. It is aimed at housewives. B. It will replace the original ranges. C. It is expected to have higher qualities. 15 What has the speaker’s company run to make the new product known? A. Advertisements on line. B. Nationwide promotions. C. Advertisements in magazines. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Bob, ______, but your MP4 is too loud. —Oh, I’m really sorry. I’ll turn it down right now. A. I hate to say B. it’s hard to say C. you are welcome D. I have a problem 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——鲍勃，我不想这么说，但你的 MP4 声音实在太大了。 ——噢，真的很抱歉。我现在就把它关掉。A. I hate to say我不想这么说；B. it’s hard to say很难说；C. you are welcome没有关系；D. I have a problem我有个问题。由下文“but your MP4 is too loud”可知，此处表示“不想这么说、不得不说”，故选A。 2. During job interviews, many graduates use the and image of their schools to the full to impress the employers. A. expectation B. contribution C. reputation D. regulation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在求职面试中，许多毕业生充分利用他们学校的声誉和形象来给雇主留下深刻印象。A. expectation期望；B. contribution贡献；C. reputation声誉；D. regulation规则。结合“and image of their schools to the full to impress the employers”可知，毕业生应是利用学校的“声誉”来给雇主留下好印象，用reputation。故选C。 3. The keen competition in online game industry forced the firms with poor performance to _____ from the market. A. convert B. withdraw C. resign D. remove 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：网络游戏产业的激烈竞争迫使业绩不佳的公司退出市场。A. convert转换；B. withdraw退出；C. resign辞职；D. remove移除。结合“from the market”可知，业绩不佳的公司应是“退出”市场，用withdraw from表示“从……退出”。故选B。 4. The Internet users have been warned to any message that ask you to send cash or personal information, no matter how formal they are. A. abandon B. enhance C. decrease D. reject 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：互联网用户已被警告要拒绝任何要求你发送现金或个人信息的信息，无论它们看起来多么正式。A. abandon抛弃；B. enhance增强；C. decrease减少；D. reject拒绝。结合“any message that ask you to send cash or personal information”可知，空格处应表达“拒绝”，故用reject。故选D。 5. What makes a good speaker is his or her ability to an audience’s needs and concerns. A. exceed B. exploit C. anticipate D. accumulate 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的演讲者所具备的能力是能够预料到听众的需求和关注点。A. exceed超过；B. exploit利用；C. anticipate预料，预期；D. accumulate积累。根据“an audience’s needs and concerns”可知，空格处应表达“预料，预期”，故用anticipate。故选C。 6. Before investing in the new technology, the company’s management team will ______ the potential loss against the risks involved. A. weigh up B. catch up C. pass up D. build up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在投资新技术之前，公司的管理团队将权衡潜在的损失和所涉及的风险。A. weigh up权衡、衡量；B. catch up赶上、追上；C. pass up错过、放弃；D. build up增强、逐步建立。根据空处后的“the potential loss against the risks involved.”和句意可知，管理团队会权衡潜在的损失和所涉及的风险后，再投资新技术。故选A。 7. We are so used to the plants and flowers all around us that we may even them without realizing how much inspiration they have given us. A. put... off B. take... for granted C. keep... in touch D. reject... out of hand 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对身边的一草一木习以为常，甚至可能认为它们理所当然，而没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。A. put… off推迟；使某人反感；B. take… for granted视为理所当然；C. keep… in touch保持联系；D. reject… out of hand断然拒绝。take for granted是一个常用固定短语，强调因习惯而忽略某事物的存在或价值。句中的“without realizing how much inspiration they have given us(没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感)”进一步支持“视为理所当然”的意思。故选B项。 8. He is easy to believe anything other people say at such a(n) age. A. decent B. delicate C. typical D. innocent 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：在这么天真的年纪，他很容易相信别人说的任何话。 A. decent得体的，正派的； B. delicate脆弱的，精致的，微妙的； C. typical典型的，有代表性的； D. innocent天真无邪的，单纯的。根据上文“He is easy to believe anything other people say”可知，在这么天真的年纪，他很容易相信别人说的任何话。故选D。 9. The rescue team ________ 15 countries has come to aid. A. consists of B. is made up of C. consisting of D. make up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由15个国家组成的救援队伍已经前来提供援助。表示“由……组成”短语为consist of或be made up of，故排除D选项；此处句子已有谓语，应用非谓语动词形式，故排除A、B选项；team与consist of之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选C。 10. In the reading room, we found her ________ at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book. A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在阅览室内，我们发现她坐在一张桌子旁，集中精力看一本书。be seated就坐=sitting，在句中作宾语补足语，故用过去分词。fix one’s attention on集中精力于。 宾语attention与fix之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D。 11. _________ a reply, he decided to write another letter to the personal manager about his job application. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有收到回复，他决定再给人事经理写一封信，关于他的工作申请。句中已有谓语动词decided，且空处无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词形式。receive与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，且“没有收到回复”这一动作发生在“决定再写信”之前，所以应用现在分词的完成式；非谓语动词的否定形式是在其前加not，“Not having received”符合语境，故选C。 12. The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A. had been missing B. were missing C. have been missing D. will be missing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。 13. When I entered the lecture theatre , the lecture and the audience attentively. A. began; listened B. was begun; was listening C. had already begun; listening D. had already begun; were listening 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。 句意：当我进入阶梯教室时，讲座已经开始了，观众们正在专心听讲。 首先，讲座开始与 “我”进入教室有时间先后，讲座先开始，要用过去完成时；其次，描述 “我” 进入时观众正在进行听，用过去进行时。故选D。 14. ---Look! Everything here is under construction. ---What’s the pretty small house that ______ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——看！这里的一切都在建设中。——正在修建的那座漂亮的小房子是做什么用的？句子中“the pretty small house”与“build”为被动关系，且根据“Look! Everything here is under construction.”可知，小房子正在被修建，应用现在进行时态的被动语态“be being done”，主语“the pretty small house”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。 15. The ancient city walls by the local government in recent years. A. are restored B. had been restored C. will be restored D. have been restored 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，当地政府对这座古城墙进行了修复。空格处是谓语动词，主语The ancient city walls与谓语动词restore之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；再由时间状语in recent years可知，应该用现在完成时，主语是复数形式，助动词用have。故选D项。 第二节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Mrs Alverez was a second-grade teacher and she had a quiet boy, Carlos, who was ____16____ to learn to read in her class. Carlos was living with his single mother in a run-down apartment. He had no ____17____ and his struggles at school ____18____ his suffering. Mrs Alverez worked as hard as she could to help Carlos to read. Toward the end of the year, Mrs Alverez got a chance to move to a position in a good school. One day after school, Carlos’ mother came to see Mrs Alverez and begged her to stay. Mrs Alverez thought over the appeal of Carlos’ ____19____mother and ____20____ her“dream job”. Then Mrs Alverez taught as best as she could, always giving Carlos a bit of extra ____21____ . She hoped that things would ____22____ for this shy,frightened boy. Many years later, Mrs Alverez was crossing the street and ____23____ dropped her papers on the sidewalk. At that moment, two young men passed by and they stopped to help her. As the taller one ____24____ her with her papers,he murmured (低语), “Mrs Alverez?” In an instant they both _____25_____ each other and hugged tightly. The second boy _____26_____ and asked _____27_____ if she was Mrs Alverez. He said that Carlos had given a speech at the high school graduation ceremony, telling them that a teacher named Mrs Alverez helped him learn to read, cared for him and _____28_____ him. It was this teacher to whom Carlos _____29_____ his success. Mrs.Alverez stood there looking at the two young men and began crying very _____30_____ tear of joy. 16. A. volunteering B. struggling C. hesitating D. refusing 17. A. imagination B. curiosity C. confidence D. pressure 18. A. kept away B. ended up C. led to D. added to 19. A. desperate B. peaceful C. suspicious D. experienced 20. A. stuck to B. went after C. turned down D. took up 21. A. attention B. sample C. respect D. service 22. A. polish up B. heat up C. calm down D. work out 23. A. occasionally B. accidentally C. temporarily D. purposely 24. A. mentioned B. surrounded C. approached D. assisted 25. A. motivated B. recognized C. reacted D. supported 26. A. interrupted B. detected C. reunited D. proceeded 27 A. proudly B. astonishedly C. worriedly D. casually 28. A. amused B. impressed C. protected D. inspired 29. A. offered B. returned C. owed D. contributed 30. A. grateful B. bitter C. regretful D. sweet 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了阿尔维雷斯老师放弃理想工作，帮助困境中卡洛斯学习。多年后重逢，得知卡洛斯视她为成功的功臣，老师流下喜悦的泪水。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔维雷斯夫人是一名二年级教师，她有一个安静的学生卡洛斯，在她的课堂上努力学习阅读。A. volunteering自愿；B. struggling挣扎，努力应付；C. hesitating犹豫；D. refusing拒绝。根据后文“Mrs Alverez worked as hard as she could to help Carlos to read”可知，卡洛斯在学习阅读方面“困难重重”。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有信心，在学校的挣扎更增加了他的痛苦。A. imagination想象力；B. curiosity好奇心；C. confidence自信；D. pressure压力。根据上文“Carlos was living with his single mother in a run-down apartment.”可知，卡洛斯生活在破旧公寓，与单亲妈妈同住，学习困难，这些都暗示他缺乏“自信”。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他没有信心，在学校的挣扎更增加了他的痛苦。A. kept away远离；B. ended up最终成为；C. led to导致；D. added to增加，加剧。根据句意以及上文“his struggles at school”可知，他在学校的挣扎“加剧”了他的痛苦。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿尔维雷斯夫人考虑了卡洛斯绝望的母亲的请求，拒绝了她“梦想的工作”。A. desperate绝望的，急切的；B. peaceful平静的；C. suspicious怀疑的；D. experienced有经验的。根据上文“begged her to stay”可知，卡洛斯的妈妈来恳求老师留下，这种行为体现了她的“绝望”（希望老师继续帮助孩子）。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：阿尔维雷斯夫人考虑了卡洛斯绝望的母亲的请求，拒绝了她“梦想的工作”。A. stuck to坚持；B. went after追求；C. turned down拒绝；D. took up从事。根据上文“Mrs Alverez thought over the appeal of Carlos’ ____4____mother”可知，阿尔维雷斯夫人考虑了卡洛斯妈妈的恳求，因此“拒绝”了那份理想的工作。故选C项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，阿尔维雷斯夫人尽她所能地教，总是给卡洛斯一点额外的关注。A. attention关注；B. sample样本；C. respect尊重；D. service服务。根据上文“Then Mrs Alverez taught as best as she could”可知，老师尽最大努力教学，总是给卡洛斯额外的“关注”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她希望这个害羞、胆怯的男孩能有个好结果。A. polish up改善；B. heat up升温；C. calm down冷静；D. work out成功解决，进展顺利。根据上文“Then Mrs Alverez taught as best as she could”提到老师尽最大努力教学，可知，老师希望这个害羞、胆怯的男孩一切都能“进展顺利”。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多年后，阿尔维雷斯夫人过马路时不小心把文件掉在人行道上了。A. occasionally偶尔；B. accidentally意外地；C. temporarily暂时；D. purposely故意 地。根据语境以及下文“dropped her papers on the sidewalk”可知，多年后，阿尔维雷斯夫人过马路时“不小心”把文件掉在人行道上。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当高个子拿着文件走近她时，他低声说：“阿尔维雷斯夫人？”A. mentioned提到；B. surrounded包围；C. approached接近；D. assisted帮助。根据语境以及上文“two young men passed by and they stopped to help her.”可知，高个子年轻人拿着文件走近阿尔维雷斯夫人。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：顷刻间，他们都认出了对方，紧紧地拥抱在一起。A. motivated激励；B. recognized认出；C. reacted反应；D. supported支持。根据下文“and hugged tightly”由此可知，他们都认出了对方，紧紧地拥抱在一起。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二个年轻人打断了他们，惊讶地问她是不是阿尔维雷斯夫人。A. interrupted打断；B. detected察觉；C. reunited重逢；D. proceeded继续。根据语境以及下文“and asked ____12____ if she was Mrs Alverez”可知，第二个年轻人“打断”了他们的拥抱，询问她是否是阿尔维雷斯老师。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二个年轻人打断了他们，惊讶地问她是不是阿尔维雷斯夫人。A. proudly骄傲地；B. astonishedly惊讶地；C. worriedly担忧地；D. casually随意地。根据该句中的“if she was Mrs Alverez”以及下文“telling them that a teacher named Mrs Alverez helped him learn to read”提到一位名叫阿尔韦雷斯夫人的老师帮助他学习阅读，由此可知，第二个年轻人惊讶地问她是不是阿尔维雷斯夫人。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，卡洛斯曾在高中毕业典礼上发表演讲，告诉他们一位名叫阿尔韦雷斯夫人的老师帮助他学习阅读，关心他，激励他。A. amused逗乐；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. protected保护；D. inspired激励。根据上文“a teacher named Mrs Alverez helped him learn to read, cared for him”可知，卡洛斯在高中毕业典礼上说，阿尔韦雷斯夫人帮助他阅读、关心他并“激励”他。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡洛斯的成功要归功于这位老师。A. offered提供；B. returned归还；C. owed归功于；D. contributed贡献。根据句意以及上文“It was this teacher to whom Carlos…”可知，卡洛斯将自己的成功“归功于”这位老师。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿尔维雷斯夫人站在那里看着这两个年轻人，高兴得流下了甜蜜的眼泪。A. grateful感激的；B. bitter苦涩的；C. regretful后悔的；D. sweet甜蜜的。 根据语境以及上文“and began crying”可知，老师看着两个年轻人，流下了“甜蜜的”泪水。故选D项。 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Stanford Summer Session provides high-achieving and ambitious students with a transformative educational experience at a world-class university. Here is a list of the courses. Cellphone Photography Instructor:Yanez, V Course Description: The course combines critical analysis of cellphone photography with the creation of photographic artworks that explore this specific medium’s experimental, social and documentary potential. Note:No lab fee. Limited enrollment (注册人数). Attendance at the first class required. Enrollment will be determined at the first class meeting. Human Rights and World Literature Instructor: David Palumbo Lui Course Description: This course has two components. The first will be a set of readings on the history of modern human rights. These readings will come from philosophy, history, political theory. The second component consists of novels and films that come from different locations in the world, each telling a good story. Technology and Inequality Instructor: Jihye Lee Course Description: This course will provide an introduction to the social, politienl, and economic inequalities arising in the digital age. It also functions as an introduction to entry-level data science whereby you develop basic programming skills and apply them to present your group project. No previous programming experience is necessary. Public Speaking: Romancing the Room Instructor: James Wagstaffe Course Description: A practical approach to the art of public speaking. The course aims to develop skills in speech types including those used for personal communication, interviews, demonstrations, persuading, and special occasions. Materials include video tapes, texts of famous speeches, and a final dinner program of speeches. Students evaluate presentations by others. ＄55 materials fee. 31. What should students taking Yanez, V’s class keep in mind? A. They must show up at the first class. B. They will be charged for using labs. C. They should have programming experience. D. They need to bring their photographic works. 32. The readings on the history of modern human rights will NOT come from_______. A. philosophy B. history C. psychology D. political theory 33. What is Jihye Lee expert at? A. Cellphone photography. B. Social psychology. C. Movie review. D. Computer science. 34. What will James Wagstaffe teach students? A. To make wonderful videotapes. B. To give public speeches skillfully. C. To organize successful dinner parties. D. To write about their personal experiences. 35. Which course charges materials fee? A. Cellphone Photography. B. Technology and Inequality. C. Human Rights and World Literature. D. Public Speaking: Romancing the Room. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学在暑假期间为成绩优异、志向远大的学生提供的课程。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cellphone Photography部分的 “Attendance at the first class required. (必须上第一节课)”可知，上Yanez, V课的学生应该记住必须上第一节课。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Human Rights and World Literature部分的“These readings will come from philosophy, history, political theory.(这些阅读材料将来自哲学、历史、政治理论) ”可知，关于现代人权历史的读物的阅读来自哲学、历史和政治理论。C项“心理学”不包括在其中。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据Technology and Inequality部分的“It also functions as an introduction to entry-level data science whereby you develop basic programming skills and apply them to present your group project. (它也作为入门级数据科学的介绍，在此您开发基本的编程技能，并应用它们来展示您的小组项目)”可知，该课程是入门级数据科学的介绍，可以开发学生的编程技能。由此推知，Jihye Lee擅长计算机科学。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据Public Speaking: Romancing the Room部分的“Course Description: A practical approach to the art of public speaking. The course aims to develop skills in speech types including those used for personal communication, interviews, demonstrations, persuading, and special occasions. (课程描述：公共演讲艺术的实用方法。该课程旨在培养语言类型的技巧，包括用于个人沟通、采访、演示、说服和特殊场合的技巧)”可知， James Wagstaffe会教学生熟练地进行公开演讲。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据Public Speaking: Romancing the Room部分的“＄55 materials fee (55美元材料费)”可知，该课程会收取材料费。故选D。 B The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a music school, and to college I went-quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus was I launched upon a business career—which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. I felt that life was passing me by. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe. I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 36. The writer’s parents didn’t want him to take a music career mainly because . A. the writer didn’t show much talent in playing music B. college was a much better option than a music school C. it seemed an unstable and financially-challenged profession D. the living conditions of the writer’s parents weren’t good enough 37. What can be learned about the writer’s experience of college? A. The writer enjoyed the fruitful college life B. The writer dropped out before graduation. C. The writer kept playing the violin every day. D. The writer went to college unwillingly. 38. What was the most important thing the writer achieved from his business career? A. A sense of belonging B. A considerable fortune C. The satisfaction of helping others D. The pride of being a wealthy man. 39. What does the underlined sentence I walked on air. in Paragraph 3 mean? A. I was interviewed by a broadcaster. B. My music was alive on broadcast. C. I felt very relaxed indeed D. I was extremely excited 40. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. Being able to do what one loves is the best kind of life. B. A success of living depends on one’s adaption to life. C. One should think twice before he/she makes a decision. D. Ups and downs make one even stronger. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者为了帮助家庭解决经济危机不得不放弃自己的音乐梦想去经商，后来他义无反顾去国外继续学习音乐的故事。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段第六句“As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. ”（作为这个家庭例子的结果，只要一提到音乐这个职业，人们就会联想到一种充满风险和不确定性的存在。）可知音乐这个职业应该是不稳定的和具有经济挑战的事业。故选C项。 【37题详解】 事实细节题。根据第二段第一句“Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job.（在我大学毕业之前，我的家庭遭遇到了严重的经济逆转，因此我觉得我有责任离开大学去参加工作。）可知作者在毕业之前辍学了。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“ I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it.”（我为了钱而进入商界，除了能够帮助家人的满足感之外，钱是我从中得到的唯一东西。）可知，除了金钱本身，作者从商业生涯中唯一获得的、有价值的东西就是帮助家人的那种满足感。故选C。 【39题详解】 句义猜测题。根据第三段中“I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word.”（我待在那里四年比以前梦想当中的工作更加努力，并且享受着每一分钟。享受对我来说是个太温柔的词汇。）可知作者对于学习音乐这件事情不仅是享受的，而且从作者表明享受这个词太温柔得出划线短语“ I walked on air.”（走在空气中）表达了作者的激动和兴奋之情。故选D项。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living.”（如果我继续做生意，我或许现在是一个相当富有的人，但是我相信我不会取得生活的成功。）可知作者想要传达的观点是做自己喜欢的事情才是生活的成功这个道理。故选A项。 C It is widely recognized that self-discipline gives us freedom. Those who can control themselves have the ability to make the best use of their time, thus lost in the joy of freedom while other people suffer from “painful self-discipline”, stuck in a difficult situation where they feel guilty for not being able to complete the missions on their never-ending to-do lists. But do these pains come from self-discipline? Not exactly. The people who are anxious about being so-called self-disciplined masters are actually missing the point of this virtue. It’s not a “the more the better” kind of thing. Rather, it’s the capability to find a complicated balance between work and entertainment, which enables you to work more efficiently and to take control of your life. Thus, there’s no need to push yourself too hard. As a self-disciplined student, I think I understand the key to easing the sometime painful learning process with all kinds of after-school activities. Self-discipline urges me to set aside adequate time for all of my required schoolwork and to efficiently finish it. What’s more, having a high learning efficiency means that if I am interested in a certain topic in my textbook or the knowledge of a specific field, I can spend more time exploring it in depth, while devoting myself to my own interests. However, each time the bell for the end of class rings, I’m always the first to grab the basketball and dash to the court to enjoy the thrill of a ball game with my friends until the sun sinks below the horizon. As I said, the real freedom to enjoy a wonderful life is based on self-discipline. And the final aim of self-discipline is to enjoy a wonderful life. Being self-disciplined is about doing the proper thing at the proper time. You have to push yourself under the guidance of self-discipline to achieve high efficiency in your daily routine. But don’t be too tough on yourself because unreasonable time management may drain you of the energy and passion you need to struggle on. Fit in adequate diversions from work within your carefully designed schedule, and I’m sure you can remove the obstacles that stand in your path to the ultimate freedom. 41. How does the author develop Paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By making a comparison. C. By analyzing a reason. D. By presenting a result. 42. What can we know about self-disciplined students in Paragraph 3? A. They have great trouble casing the painful learning process. B. They can hardly spare time to finish their assignments. C. They can pursue their hobbies with high learning efficiency. D. They spend most time enjoying ball games with their friends. 43. What is the ultimate goal of self-discipline in the author ‘s view? A. To suffer mental pain. B. To enjoy a happy life. C. To manage time scientifically. D. To achieve high efficiency. 44. What does the underlined word “drain” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Exhaust. B. Increase. C. Provide. D. Preserve. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Self-discipline is the key to achieving high efficiency. B. People should be strict with themselves to be self-disciplined. C. The pursuit of self-discipline is a painful process. D. Self-discipline is about finding a balance and leading to real freedom. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是自律与自由之间的关系，以及如何通过自律实现真正的自由。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Those who can control themselves have the ability to make the best use of their time, thus lost in the joy of freedom while other people suffer from “painful self-discipline”, stuck in a difficult situation where they feel guilty for not being able to complete the missions on their never-ending to-do lists.(那些能控制自己的人有能力充分利用他们的时间，因此迷失在自由的喜悦中，而其他人则遭受“痛苦的自律”，陷入困境，因为他们无法完成没完没了的任务而感到内疚。)”可知，第一段是通过对比展开的，故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Self-discipline urges me to set aside adequate time for all of my required schoolwork and to efficiently finish it. What’s more, having a high learning efficiency means that if I am interested in a certain topic in my textbook or the knowledge of a specific field, I can spend more time exploring it in depth, while devoting myself to my own interests.(自律促使我为所有要求的作业留出足够的时间，并有效地完成它。更重要的是，学习效率高意味着如果我对教科书中的某个主题或某个领域的知识感兴趣，我可以花更多的时间深入探索，同时全身心地投入到自己的兴趣中。)”可知，自律的学生可以追求自己的爱好，学习效率高。故选C。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“And the final aim of self-discipline is to enjoy a wonderful life.(自律的最终目的是享受美好的生活。)”可知，自律的最终目的是享受幸福的生活。故选B。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“unreasonable time management(不合理的时间管理)”和“of the energy and passion you need to struggle on(你所需要的继续拼搏的能量与激情)”可知，不合理的时间管理可能会耗尽你继续奋斗所需的能量和激情，drain的意思是“消耗”，和Exhaust意思相近，故选A。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But do these pains come from self-discipline? Not exactly. The people who are anxious about being so-called self-disciplined masters are actually missing the point of this virtue. It’s not a “the more the better” kind of thing. Rather, it’s the capability to find a complicated balance between work and entertainment, which enables you to work more efficiently and to take control of your life. Thus, there’s no need to push yourself too hard.(但这些痛苦来自自律吗？不完全是。那些急于成为所谓自律大师的人，实际上没有抓住这种美德的要点。这并不是“越多越好”的事情。相反，它是一种在工作和娱乐之间找到复杂平衡的能力，它能让你更有效地工作，掌控你的生活。因此，没有必要把自己逼得太紧。)”可知，本文主要讲的是自律与自由之间的关系，以及如何通过自律实现真正的自由，因此主旨是D选项“Self-discipline is about finding a balance and leading to real freedom.(自律就是找到一种平衡，走向真正的自由。)”。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (满分25分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 46. What did the author want to develop according to paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 47. In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? (no more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 49. Why did the adviser consider the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 50. From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (no more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. A novel research program. 47. The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 48. The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialized training. 49. Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others. 50. From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealized and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾执着于独立读研，却屡遭失败。后在合作实验室学习，学会求助，终获成果，明白合作助力独立科研。 【46题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Growing up, I idealized independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research program and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve.(在成长过程中，我一直将独立视为一种理想状态。我总是希望自己付出的努力就能带来成功。当我决定攻读研究生学位时，我希望能制定出一个新颖的研究计划，并迅速确立自己作为独立科学家的地位。但我对自身能够取得的成就抱有不切实际的乐观态度)”可知，根据第一段可知，作者想要开发一项新颖的研究项目。故答案为A novel research program. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan.(但我对独立性的渴望促使我继续推进我的研究计划)”可知，起初需要被视为独立科学家的认可促使作者推进研究计划。故答案为The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“My adviser and I devised a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialized training.(我的导师和我共同想出了一个颇为独特的解决办法：我将在一个合作实验室里待上三个月，以接受专业培训)”可知，在经历了多次失败之后，最终作者将在合作实验室工作三个月以获得专业培训。故答案为The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialized training. 【49题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasizing the collaborating skills I acquired.(我的导师将这次经历视为一项具有开创性的成功案例，并着重强调了我所培养的协作能力)”可知，导师认为作者在实验室中的经历堪称重大成功是因为作者是通过与他人合作而掌握了合作技能的。故答案为Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others. 【50题详解】 考查开放题。根据“从这个故事中，你能了解到关于‘独立’的什么内容？”可回答：从这个故事中，我们了解到，虽然独立最初被理想化并被热烈追求，但真正的独立往往意味着认识到合作的价值，并学会主动寻求帮助。故答案为From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealized and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. 第二节：书面表达(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你从学校报纸上看到当地的动物保护协会正在招募暑期兼职动物保护助理员，请你向动物保护协会写一封申请信，要点如下： (1)申请这个职位的原因(如想从事有关专业等)； (2)具备的技能和经历(如：曾经养过动物，有经验；读了很多动物书籍，有相关知识；有责任感和组织能力等)； (3)申请进一步面谈。 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)申请信开头、结尾已经给出，不计入词数； (3)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Sir/ Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam, I’m Li Hua from No.7 Senior High School. I am writing this letter because I want to apply for the position of assistant animal protector that is being advertised in our school newspaper. As I hope to major in biology and animal science in college, this position will help provide me with a reference for my future education. Also, I think it will be meaningful to devote myself to such admirable work. I believe I am a qualified candidate for this job for a couple of reasons. First, I got my own dog when I was eight years old, which enabled me to gain practical experience in taking care of animals. Also, to better prepare for my future career, I’ve read many books about biology and animal science to acquire professional knowledge. Additionally, I regard myself as a trustworthy and organized person, which means I will commit myself to the work and manage my workload responsibly however difficult it may be. I would appreciate it if I could talk to you about my application face to face. Please contact me through this email address to set up an interview if you have any further questions. Thank you I’m looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向动物保护协会写一封申请信，说明申请这个职位的原因、具备的技能和经历以及申请进一步面谈 【详解】1.词汇积累 职位：position→post 联系：contact→get in touch with 此外：additionally→besides 投入：commit oneself to→devote oneself to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Also, to better prepare for my future career, I’ve read many books about biology and animal science to acquire professional knowledge. 拓展句：Also, I’ve read many books about biology and animal science to acquire professional knowledge so that I can better prepare for my future career. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As I hope to major in biology and animal science in college, this position will help provide me with a reference for my future education.（运用了as引导原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if I could talk to you about my application face to face.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $