Unit 3 The art of painting（重难词汇精练）英语译林版2020选择必修第一册

Unit 3 The art of painting 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 6 题型一、词性转换 1．______________ n．解放，摆脱→______________ vt.解放；释放；摆脱；使自由 2．______________ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→______________ vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→______________ prep.在……对面 adj.相对的；相反的 n．对立面 3．______________ vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→______________ n．控制；统治 4．______________ vt.运用，使用；雇用→______________ n．雇主→______________ n．雇员→______________ n．雇用；就业；工作 5．______________ adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的→______________ adv.生动地；强烈地 6．______________ n．远见卓识；视力，视野；想象→______________ adj.视力的；视觉的 7．______________ vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗→______________ n．洗澡；沐浴 8．______________ n．建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学→______________ n．建筑师 9．______________ vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→______________ n．布置，整理；筹备，安排 10．______________ adj.细致的，精细的；准确的；恰好的→______________ adv.精确地；恰好地 11．______________ adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→______________ n．野心，雄心；抱负 12．______________ n．检查，查看，审视；视察→______________ vt.检查；视察；检阅 13．______________ vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→______________ n．暴露；揭露；接触 14．______________ adj.政治的，政府的；政党的→______________ n．政治；权术；政治信仰；政治学→______________ n．政治家；政客 15．______________ n．展览，展出→______________ v．展览，展出 题型二、核心短语 1．______________ (表示对比)而，相对于 2．______________各行各业，社会各界 3．______________忙于做某事，继续做某事 4．______________ 由……引起(或造成) 5．______________凭自身的资格(或努力) 6．______________充分说明，清楚表明 7．______________被安置在…… 8．______________看到……，看见…… 9．______________给某人留下印象 10．______________被……打动；迷恋…… 11．______________拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用 12．______________值得；配得上的 13．______________对……有影响 14．______________在某人看来 15．______________乍看之下 16．______________使……被理解 题型三、一词多用 wander 1.The road wanders the range of the hills. 2.What made the parents worried was that the little boy wandered and got lost. 3.She was wandering aimlessly the streets when I met her.   strike 1.She (strike) me as a very considerate and efficient person. 2.We were all struck his heroic deeds and moved to tears.   3.On her way to work, struck her that she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioner. oppose 1.We are (oppose) to any action that does great harm to the environment. 2.The husband strongly opposes his wife (go) to the party by herself. employ 1.Changes in farming methods have badly affected (employ) in the area. 2.There is a growing tendency among (employ) to hire temporary staff. 3. He has been employing in writing a novel these days. reality 1.We have to be (reality) about our chances of winning. 2.Along with the development of virtual (real), virtual experiment gets more and more deep research. 3.The boy said he was listening to the teacher attentively, but reality his mind was wandering. display 1.An error code will (display) if any invalid information has been entered.   2.The museum displayed many works of famous artists the public. 3.Designs for the new sports hall are display in the library.   worthy 1.The problem he has just mentioned is worthy (discuss).   2.Bread and books: food for the body and food for the soul—what could be more worthy our respect, and even love?   shade 1. I had tried my best, but her work still put mine the shade. 2.You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to shade your eyes it. arrange 1.I’ve arranged (see) him on Friday morning.   2.We arranged for a car (collect)them from the airport. 3.There are special (arrange) for people working overseas. 4.They arranged a soldier to show us around their military base.   go about sth. 1.Income from sales tax went _______ due to the bad economic situation. 2.You can go your notes before the exam. 3.Go the gate and you’ll see the house on the left. 4.If costs go , there will be an increase in food prices. apparent 1.I thought she had retired, but (apparent) she hasn’t. 2. is apparent that he has changed his mind.   expose 1.Her new movie has had a lot of (expose) in the media. 2.It is a closed society in the sense that they’ve not been exposed many things. 3.City life gives inhabitants the chance to be (expose) to more culture.   decline 1.Their spokesman declined (make) comments on the issue.   2.He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is decline.   2.He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is the decline.   题型四、单句语法填空 1．Currently, about 35,000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it will take a lifetime to see everything. 2．It’s only (real) to accept that there will be some problems. 3．When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. 4．Thus, artists were not interested in painting (realist) scenes. 5．Dancing allows me to express myself freely, while motorcycle riding provides me with a sense of (liberate). 6．Water birds playing in the lake and cattle and sheep the grasslands bring the scenery to life.(wander) 7．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you. 8．After more than three (decade), Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. 9． (architect) is the art of planning, designing and constructing buildings. 10．The story they heard over the radio was very . All of them felt (move). 11．Everything (arrange) as you wished, your concert is bound to be successful. 12．She is a leading (politics) figure who has made great contributions to the society. 13．Someone who is (ambition) has a strong desire to be successful, rich or powerful. 14．Social (criticize) are concerned about the increasing gap between the rich and the poor in the city. 15．She is a talented writer in (she) own right, not just the daughter of a famous author. 16．After an (inspect), they must publish a report. 17．After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers (decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 18．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor. 19．When (expose) to the difficulties and failures, we must overcome them. 20．Hongya Cave was (historic) important, for it accommodated the local residents in the past. 题型五、单词拼写 1．In 1881, an typhoon s (袭击) the small Vietnamese city of Haiphong. 2．The painting is on the second floor of the (美术馆). 3．She would often w (漫游) along the beach, collecting seashells and lost in her daydreams. 4．The children feel as if they were transported to the Amazon Rainforest thanks to the writer’s (生动的) description. 5．She could be a good scholar if she didn’t let her mind w so much. 6．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last (十年). 7．Starting a community garden is a w cause that can bring neighbors together and improve local food access. 8．We have to be (现实的) about our chances of winning the war. 9．Though my parents were o to my gap year initially, they later appreciated how it broadened my perspective. 10．We are o (反对的) to any action that does harm to the environment. 11．He shouted so loudly that the whole (街区，邻近的地方) could hear him. 12．He thought her political (运动) would probably fade out soon in any case. 13．Families bringing up children on a low w (工资) face many problems. 14．The ancient city is known for its unique combination of modern design and traditional a . (建筑) 15．Usually the bride’s father proposes a (干杯) to the health of the bride and bridegroom. 16．He began to (整理) the flowers in the vase to look more beautiful. 17．The school organized a science (展览) where students demonstrated their inventions. 18．This provided i (了解) into how families share financial lessons across generations. 19．The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more (有雄心的) when we graduate. 20．The boy who won the scholarship was a quite (杰出的) student. 题型六、完成句子 1．我突然想到我把钥匙落在车上了。 suddenly me that I had left my keys in the car. 2．相对于只抄书，我们要批判地思考。 We think critically, just copying from books. 3．没有其他人申请这份工作是令人吃惊的。 that no one else has applied for the job. 4．既然一切都安排好了，晚会将按计划在8:00开始。 (with的复合结构) , the evening party will begin at 8 o’clock as planned. 5．政府一拨付资金，新的建筑项目就动工。 The new building programme will go ahead the government releases the funds。 6．需要更多的财力支持，让所有的孩子都受到良好的教育。 There is a need for more resources all children may have a decent education. 7．在加快工程进度的同时，必须注意质量。 on the project, we must pay attention to ensuring its quality. 8．微笑的好处在于它不仅能让我们快乐，还能取悦他人。 The advantage of smiling is but also please others. 9．通过每天观察顾客行为，经理获得了如何改进店铺服务的重要洞察。 By observing customer behavior , the manager into how to improve the store’s service. 10．这份工作最大的乐趣之一就是可以接触各行各业的人。 One of the greatest pleasures of this job is meeting people from . 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一上·广东湛江·月考） Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), 1 painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 2 sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world. The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 3 the woman’s face. What is the reason for her smile? Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 4 (he)! This is 5 some of her facial features (特征) are similar to those in one of Da Vinci’s self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 6 (true) —where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 7 (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess! Mona Lisa didn’t always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 8 (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 9 (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 10 (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art. 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高二下·湖北武汉·期末）假定你是李华，你校英语社即将开展一次题为“Is AI-painting Considered Art? ”的辩论赛。请你写一份参赛发言稿，内容包括： 1. 表达观点； 2. 陈述理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hi, everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class 3. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 The art of painting 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 9 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一、语篇语法填空 11 题型二、应用文写作 12 题型一、词性转换 1．______________ n．解放，摆脱→______________ vt.解放；释放；摆脱；使自由 2．______________ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→______________ vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→______________ prep.在……对面 adj.相对的；相反的 n．对立面 3．______________ vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→______________ n．控制；统治 4．______________ vt.运用，使用；雇用→______________ n．雇主→______________ n．雇员→______________ n．雇用；就业；工作 5．______________ adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的→______________ adv.生动地；强烈地 6．______________ n．远见卓识；视力，视野；想象→______________ adj.视力的；视觉的 7．______________ vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗→______________ n．洗澡；沐浴 8．______________ n．建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学→______________ n．建筑师 9．______________ vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→______________ n．布置，整理；筹备，安排 10．______________ adj.细致的，精细的；准确的；恰好的→______________ adv.精确地；恰好地 11．______________ adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→______________ n．野心，雄心；抱负 12．______________ n．检查，查看，审视；视察→______________ vt.检查；视察；检阅 13．______________ vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→______________ n．暴露；揭露；接触 14．______________ adj.政治的，政府的；政党的→______________ n．政治；权术；政治信仰；政治学→______________ n．政治家；政客 15．______________ n．展览，展出→______________ v．展览，展出 【答案】1. liberation, liberate 2. opposed, oppose, opposite 3. dominate, domination 4. employ, employer, employee, employment 5. vivid, vividly 6. vision, visual 7. bathe, bath 8. architecture, architect 9. arrange, arrangement 10. precise, precisely 11. ambitious, ambition 12. inspection, inspect 13. expose, exposure 14. political, politics, politician 15. exhibition, exhibit 题型二、核心短语 1．______________ (表示对比)而，相对于 2．______________各行各业，社会各界 3．______________忙于做某事，继续做某事 4．______________ 由……引起(或造成) 5．______________凭自身的资格(或努力) 6．______________充分说明，清楚表明 7．______________被安置在…… 8．______________看到……，看见…… 9．______________给某人留下印象 10．______________被……打动；迷恋…… 11．______________拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用 12．______________值得；配得上的 13．______________对……有影响 14．______________在某人看来 15．______________乍看之下 16．______________使……被理解 【答案】1．as opposed to2．all walks of life3．go about sth4．be down to5．in one’s own right 6．speak volumes about7．be housed in8．lay eyes on9．make/leave an impression on sb10．be struck by11．take up 12．be worthy of13．have an influence on14．from one’s point of view15．at first sight16．get across 题型三、一词多用 wander 1.The road wanders the range of the hills. 2.What made the parents worried was that the little boy wandered and got lost. 3.She was wandering aimlessly the streets when I met her.   【答案】1．through 2. off 3. around strike 1.She (strike) me as a very considerate and efficient person. 2.We were all struck his heroic deeds and moved to tears.   3.On her way to work, struck her that she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioner. 【答案】1．strikes 2.by 3. it oppose 1.We are (oppose) to any action that does great harm to the environment. 2.The husband strongly opposes his wife (go) to the party by herself. 【答案】1．opposed 2. going employ 1.Changes in farming methods have badly affected (employ) in the area. 2.There is a growing tendency among (employ) to hire temporary staff. 3. He has been employing in writing a novel these days. 【答案】1．employment 2. employers 3. himself reality 1.We have to be (reality) about our chances of winning. 2.Along with the development of virtual (real), virtual experiment gets more and more deep research. 3.The boy said he was listening to the teacher attentively, but reality his mind was wandering. 【答案】1．realistic 2. reality 3. in display 1.An error code will (display) if any invalid information has been entered.   2.The museum displayed many works of famous artists the public. 3.Designs for the new sports hall are display in the library.   【答案】1．be displayed 2. to 3. on worthy 1.The problem he has just mentioned is worthy (discuss).   2.Bread and books: food for the body and food for the soul—what could be more worthy our respect, and even love?   【答案】1．to be discussed 2. of shade 1. I had tried my best, but her work still put mine the shade. 2.You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to shade your eyes it. 【答案】1．in 2. from/against arrange 1.I’ve arranged (see) him on Friday morning.   2.We arranged for a car (collect)them from the airport. 3.There are special (arrange) for people working overseas. 4.They arranged a soldier to show us around their military base.   【答案】1. to see 2. to collect 3. arrangements 4. for go about sth. 1.Income from sales tax went _______ due to the bad economic situation. 2.You can go your notes before the exam. 3.Go the gate and you’ll see the house on the left. 4.If costs go , there will be an increase in food prices. 【答案】1．down 2. over 3. through 4. up apparent 1.I thought she had retired, but (apparent) she hasn’t. 2. is apparent that he has changed his mind.   【答案】1．appaently 2. It expose 1.Her new movie has had a lot of (expose) in the media. 2.It is a closed society in the sense that they’ve not been exposed many things. 3.City life gives inhabitants the chance to be (expose) to more culture.   【答案】1．exposure 2. to 3. exposed decline 1.Their spokesman declined (make) comments on the issue.   2.He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is decline.   2.He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is the decline.   【答案】1．to make 2. in 3.on 题型四、单句语法填空 1．Currently, about 35,000 works (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it will take a lifetime to see everything. 【答案】are being displayed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前，大约有35000件作品在卢浮宫的300多个房间里展出，要看完所有的作品需要一辈子的时间。空处作前句谓语，句子描述正在进行的动作，且display与主语about 35,000 works之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语about 35,000 works是复数，be动词使用are。故填are being displayed。 2．It’s only (real) to accept that there will be some problems. 【答案】realistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有接受会有一些问题，这才是现实的。空格处应填形容词作表语，realistic“现实的”，形容词，符合题意，故填realistic。 3．When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你划火柴点雪茄时，我看到那是芝加哥通缉的罪犯的脸。此处使用动词strike作谓语，根据“I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，strike的过去式为struck。故填struck。 4．Thus, artists were not interested in painting (realist) scenes. 【答案】realistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：因此，艺术家们对绘制现实场景不感兴趣。根据空后的名词scenes可知，空处需用形容词形式修饰其后的名词，realist的形容词形式是realistic，意为“现实的”。故填realistic。 5．Dancing allows me to express myself freely, while motorcycle riding provides me with a sense of (liberate). 【答案】liberation 【详解】考查名词。句意：舞蹈让我能够自由地表达自己，而骑摩托车则给我一种解放的感觉。此处为名词作宾语，liberate的名词为liberation表示“解放”或“自由”，且为不可数名词。故填liberation。 6．Water birds playing in the lake and cattle and sheep the grasslands bring the scenery to life.(wander) 【答案】wandering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：水鸟在湖中戏耍，牛羊在草原上漫步，使景色变得生动起来。wander和cattle and sheep之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填wandering。 7．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you. 【答案】mostly 【详解】考查副词。句意：你的未来是由很多东西决定的，但大部分取决于你本人。空白处在句子中做状语使用副词，根据上文“Your future depends on many things(你的未来是由很多东西决定的)”以及下文“you(你)”可推理出此处表达的是“大部分地”含义，表示该含义的表达为mostly，故填mostly。 8．After more than three (decade), Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. 【答案】decades 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：三十多年过去了，吉姆在工作的最后几天里，一切仍和往常一样。空处作After的宾语，根据空前的“more than three”可知，decade“十年”应用复数形式。故填decades。 9． (architect) is the art of planning, designing and constructing buildings. 【答案】Architecture 【详解】考查名词。句意：建筑是规划、设计和建造建筑物的艺术。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作主语，再结合句意“建筑”是architecture，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Architecture。 10．The story they heard over the radio was very . All of them felt (move). 【答案】 moving moved 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们从收音机里听到的故事非常感人。他们都感到感动。①处使用形容词moving“动人的，令人感动的”，主语为story，作表语。②处使用形容词moved“感动的”，主语为人，作表语。故填①moving；②moved。 11．Everything (arrange) as you wished, your concert is bound to be successful. 【答案】arranged/having been arranged 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：一切安排得如你所愿，你的音乐会一定会成功。此处为独立主格结构作状语，everything与arrange之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词或者是现在分词的完成被动式，表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前。故填arranged/having been arranged。 12．She is a leading (politics) figure who has made great contributions to the society. 【答案】political 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一位为社会做出巨大贡献的政治领袖。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词figure，表示“政治的”。故填political。 13．Someone who is (ambition) has a strong desire to be successful, rich or powerful. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有野心的人渴望成功、富有或有权势。空处作表语，需用形容词ambitious。故填ambitious。 14．Social (criticize) are concerned about the increasing gap between the rich and the poor in the city. 【答案】critics 【详解】考查名词。句意：社会批评家们担心这个城市里贫富差距日益扩大。空处作主语，根据句意，表示“批评家”，用名词critic，结合系动词are可知，主语用复数形式。故填critics。 15．She is a talented writer in (she) own right, not just the daughter of a famous author. 【答案】her 【详解】考查代词。句意：她本身就是一位才华横溢的作家，而并非仅仅是一位著名作家的女儿。此处为短语in one's own right表示“凭借自身的能力、资格或地位”，结合上文She可知用her。故填her。 16．After an (inspect), they must publish a report. 【答案】inspection 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过一番检查后，他们必须发布一份报告。空处作宾语，需填名词inspection，不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词。故填inspection。 17．After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers (decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 【答案】had declined 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据年度报告，在2019年达到顶峰后，到2023年，博物馆的游客人数已经下降到2015年之前的水平。decline作本句谓语，根据时间状语by 2023可知，描述是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had declined。 18．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor. 【答案】political 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位政治领袖原来是一个正直而有尊严的人，这与谣言相反。由空后leader为名词可知，此处为形容词political“政治的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填political。 19．When (expose) to the difficulties and failures, we must overcome them. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当面临困难和失败时，我们必须克服它们。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中When引导的时间状语从句完整形式为When we are_____ (expose) to the difficulties and failures，且主语we与expose“暴露，使面临”为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的are构成一般现在时的被动语态，省略we are，保留过去分词。故填exposed。 20．Hongya Cave was (historic) important, for it accommodated the local residents in the past. 【答案】historically 【详解】考查副词。句意：洪崖洞在历史上很重要，因为它过去是当地居民的住所。此处修饰形容词historic，应用副词historically“在历史上”，作状语。故填historically。 题型五、单词拼写 1．In 1881, an typhoon s (袭击) the small Vietnamese city of Haiphong. 【答案】struck/truck 【详解】考查动词。句意：1881年，一场台风袭击了越南小城海防。根据中英文提示可知是动词strike，结合时间状语In 1881可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填struck。 2．The painting is on the second floor of the (美术馆). 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。 句意：这幅画在美术馆的二楼。根据空前定冠词the和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词gallery“美术馆”，此处表示特指，用单数形式即可。故填gallery。 3．She would often w (漫游) along the beach, collecting seashells and lost in her daydreams. 【答案】wander/ander 【详解】考查动词。句意：她常常沿着海滩漫步，收集贝壳，沉浸在白日梦中。根据汉语提示及句意，would后接动词原形，构成“would do”结构，表示过去常常做某事。故填wander。 4．The children feel as if they were transported to the Amazon Rainforest thanks to the writer’s (生动的) description. 【答案】vivid 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于作者生动的描述，孩子们感觉自己仿佛被送到了亚马逊雨林。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词vivid“生动的”，作定语修饰名词description。故填vivid。 5．She could be a good scholar if she didn’t let her mind w so much. 【答案】wander/ander 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果她不总是走神，她可以成为一个聪颖勤奋的学生。根据didn’t let her mind以及语境可知，此处表示如果她不总是走神，设空处应用动词wander，意为“走神”，let sb do sth为固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，设空处应用省略to的不定式形式。故填wander。 6．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last (十年). 【答案】decade 【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，从事农业的人数下降了。根据汉语提示“十年”，可知此处应填名词decade，作介词宾语，构成短语in the last decade，含义为“在过去的十年里”。故填decade。 7．Starting a community garden is a w cause that can bring neighbors together and improve local food access. 【答案】worthy/orthy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：发起社区花园是一项有价值的事业，它可以让邻居们团结起来，并改善当地的食物供应。根据单词首字母以及句意“有价值的”以及下文名词cause，可知应填形容词worthy，作定语修饰名词。故填worthy。 8．We have to be (现实的) about our chances of winning the war. 【答案】realistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须现实地看待我们赢得这场战争的机会。根据汉语提示“现实的”可知，本空用形容词realistic，作表语。故填realistic。 9．Though my parents were o to my gap year initially, they later appreciated how it broadened my perspective. 【答案】opposed/pposed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管我的父母最初反对我的间隔年，但他们后来认识到这拓宽了我的视野。根据单词首字母以及句意“反对”可知，应填形容词opposed，be opposed to 为固定短语，意为“反对”。故填opposed。 10．We are o (反对的) to any action that does harm to the environment. 【答案】opposed/pposed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们反对任何破坏环境的行为。be opposed to反对……。根据中英文提示及句意，故填opposed。 11．He shouted so loudly that the whole (街区，邻近的地方) could hear him. 【答案】neighborhood 【详解】考查名词。句意：他大声喊叫，整个街区都听得见。形容词whole后接名词形式，在句中作主语。名词“街区，邻近的地方”英文为neighborhood。根据汉语提示及句意，故填neighborhood。 12．He thought her political (运动) would probably fade out soon in any case. 【答案】campaign 【详解】考查名词。句意：他认为无论怎样她的政治运动可能很快就会逐渐消失。根据汉语提示“运动”可知，空处需要名词campaign“运动”作从句主语，该词在本句中表示具体的“政治运动”这一事件，为可数名词，根据空前的her political可知，此处特指“她的政治运动”，用单数形式即可。故填campaign。 13．Families bringing up children on a low w (工资) face many problems. 【答案】wage/age 【详解】考查名词。句意：靠低工资抚养孩子的家庭面临许多问题。“工资”为“wage”,作宾语。故填wage。 14．The ancient city is known for its unique combination of modern design and traditional a . (建筑) 【答案】architecture/rchitecture 【详解】考查名词。句意：这座古城以其现代设计与传统建筑的独特结合而闻名。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填名词architecture“建筑”，和design并列作介词of的宾语，为不可数名词。故填architecture。 15．Usually the bride’s father proposes a (干杯) to the health of the bride and bridegroom. 【答案】toast 【详解】考查名词。句意：通常新娘的父亲会提议为新娘和新郎的健康干杯。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词toast“干杯”，且空前有不定冠词a，toast此处用作可数名词，应用单数形式。故填toast。 16．He began to (整理) the flowers in the vase to look more beautiful. 【答案】arrange 【详解】考查动词。句意：他开始整理花瓶里的花，让它们看起来更漂亮。“整理”用动词arrange，用原形构成不定式短语to arrange作宾语。故填arrange。 17．The school organized a science (展览) where students demonstrated their inventions. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校组织了一场科学展览，学生们在展览上展示了他们的发明。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词exhibition“展览”，作宾语，根据不定冠词a提示可知，空处用该单词的单数形式。故填exhibition。 18．This provided i (了解) into how families share financial lessons across generations. 【答案】insights/nsights 【详解】考查名词。句意：这让我们了解了家庭是如何跨代分享理财经验的。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用名词insight“了解”，作宾语，固定短语provide insights into意为“对……深入了解”。故填insights。 19．The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more (有雄心的) when we graduate. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们学校的校长希望我们毕业时能更有雄心壮志。根据汉语提示“有雄心的”可知应填形容词ambitious，作表语。故填ambitious。 20．The boy who won the scholarship was a quite (杰出的) student. 【答案】outstanding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：获得奖学金的那个男孩是个相当杰出的学生。根据汉语提示“杰出的”可知，此处应为形容词outstanding，作定语修饰名词student。故填outstanding。 题型六、完成句子 1．我突然想到我把钥匙落在车上了。 suddenly me that I had left my keys in the car. 【答案】 It struck 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时；表示“我突然想到”用固定句型It suddenly struck me that…，故填①It②struck。 2．相对于只抄书，我们要批判地思考。 We think critically, just copying from books. 【答案】 as opposed to 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“与⋯⋯相对”应用短语as opposed to，表示对比。故填as opposed to。 3．没有其他人申请这份工作是令人吃惊的。 that no one else has applied for the job. 【答案】It’s amazing 【详解】考查it、形容词和时态。根据it的用法，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语；由后文that no one else has applied for the job可知，“令人吃惊的”应用amazing作表语；由后文has可知，空处描述现在发生的动作，应用一般现在时，主谓一致。句首单词首字母大写，故填It’s amazing。 4．既然一切都安排好了，晚会将按计划在8:00开始。 (with的复合结构) , the evening party will begin at 8 o’clock as planned. 【答案】 With everything arranged/prepared/ready 【详解】考查with的复合结构。with的复合结构为 “with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”，“安排”译为arrange/prepare/ready，“一切”译为everything，动词arrange/prepare与宾语everything构成被动关系，所以用过去分词arranged/prepared作宾语补足语；形容词ready作宾语补足语，意为“准备好的”，with位于句首，首字母大写。故填①With ②everything ③arranged/prepared/ready。 5．政府一拨付资金，新的建筑项目就动工。 The new building programme will go ahead the government releases the funds。 【答案】as soon as 【详解】考查时间状语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“一……就……”，是as soon as，引导时间状语从句，故填as soon as。 6．需要更多的财力支持，让所有的孩子都受到良好的教育。 There is a need for more resources all children may have a decent education. 【答案】so that 【详解】考查目的状语从句。空处前后各为完整的句子，空后内容为空前内容的目的，因此可用意为“以便，为了”的so that引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 7．在加快工程进度的同时，必须注意质量。 on the project, we must pay attention to ensuring its quality. 【答案】While speeding up work 【详解】考查时间状语从句，时态，主谓一致，固定短语和省略。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在加快工程进度的同时”，“在……的同时”用while引导的时间状语从句，时态用现在进行时，“加快……的进度”是speed up，“工程”是work，因此while引导的时间状语从句是while we are speeding up work，时间状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是While speeding up work。故填While speeding up work。 8．微笑的好处在于它不仅能让我们快乐，还能取悦他人。 The advantage of smiling is but also please others. 【答案】that it can not only make us happy 【详解】考查表语从句，固定搭配，时态，情态动词和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“它不仅能让我们快乐”，由but also可知，“不仅”是not only，not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，“它”是it，“能”是can，是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，“让我们快乐”是make us happy，“它不仅能让我们快乐”是it can not only make us happy，是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that来引导，因此空格处是that it can not only make us happy。故填that it can not only make us happy。 9．通过每天观察顾客行为，经理获得了如何改进店铺服务的重要洞察。 By observing customer behavior , the manager into how to improve the store’s service. 【答案】 every day gained important insights 【详解】考查时态。“每天”为“every day”作状语；“获得重要洞察”为“gain important insights”,陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。故填every day ；gained important insights。 10．这份工作最大的乐趣之一就是可以接触各行各业的人。 One of the greatest pleasures of this job is meeting people from . 【答案】 all walks of life 【详解】考查名词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“各行各业”，应用名词短语all walks of life表示，作from的宾语。故填all walks of life。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一上·广东湛江·月考） Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), 1 painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 2 sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world. The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 3 the woman’s face. What is the reason for her smile? Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 4 (he)! This is 5 some of her facial features (特征) are similar to those in one of Da Vinci’s self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 6 (true) —where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 7 (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess! Mona Lisa didn’t always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 8 (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 9 (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 10 (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art. 【答案】1．a 2．which 3．on 4．himself 5．because 6．truth 7．teeth 8．was stolen 9．including 10．Luckily 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了达芬奇及其名作《蒙娜丽莎》的相关背景知识，包括画作的特点、历史事件和未解之谜。 1．考查冠词。句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇（1452-1519）是一位画家、雕塑家、建筑师和发明家，可能是有史以来最有才华的人。空后为可数名词单数painter，且泛指“一位画家”，painter为辅音音节发音，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查定语从句。句意：他最著名的画作《蒙娜丽莎》现藏于卢浮宫，是世界上伟大的艺术景点之一。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明画作the Mona Lisa，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which。故填which。 3．考查介词。句意：《蒙娜丽莎》因画中女子脸上神秘的微笑而闻名。结合句意可知，设空处表示“在……上”，需用介词on。故填on。 4． 考查代词。句意：一些人认为《蒙娜丽莎》实际上是达·芬奇本人的肖像。空处指代“Da Vinci”，需用反身代词himself表示强调。故填himself。 5．考查连词。句意：这是因为她的某些面部特征与达·芬奇的一幅自画像相似。设空前与设空后构成因果关系，设空后为原因，所以这是一个原因状语从句，要用because来引导。故填because。 6．考查名词。句意：他们可能认为微笑是因为达·芬奇知道真相——我们看到的是一位女性，而他画的实际上是一位男性。空处需填名词作knows的宾语，true的名词形式为truth。故填truth。 7．考查名词复数。句意：其他人可能认为她微笑是因为她掉了牙齿！tooth为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式。故填teeth。 8． 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1911年，这幅画被盗。根据时间状语In 1911可知要用一般过去时，且主语the painting与steal之间为被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为单数，be动词要用was。故填was stolen。 9．考查介词。句意：许多人被传唤问讯，包括现在著名的西班牙艺术家毕加索。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词were called，句中无连词，所以这是一个简单句；设空处意为“包括”，要用介词形式。故填including。 10．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，盗窃案发生两年后，画作被找到。设空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，且位于句首需要大写。故填Luckily。 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高二下·湖北武汉·期末）假定你是李华，你校英语社即将开展一次题为“Is AI-painting Considered Art? ”的辩论赛。请你写一份参赛发言稿，内容包括： 1. 表达观点； 2. 陈述理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hi, everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class 3. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Hi, everyone! I am Li Hua from Class 3. I firmly believe that AI-generated paintings should be recognized as a new form of art, which is simply the next step in the creative evolution. As is widely acknowledged, art has always developed with technology, from oil paints to digital tools. With the various applications of AI technology, paintings are able to demonstrate more remarkable creativity than ever before. By analyzing thousands of artworks, AI produces original pieces that can stir up deep emotions, just like human-created art does. Many galleries now exhibit AI artworks, proving its artistic value. In brief, AI painting can be considered as art, allowing people to explore greater potential. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份，为英语社“AI绘画是否被视为艺术?”辩论赛撰写参赛发言稿，表达观点并陈述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 承认：recognize → acknowledge 展示：demonstrate → show 显著的：remarkable → outstanding 各种各样的：various→ a variety of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As is widely acknowledged, art has always developed with technology, from oil paints to digital tools. 拓展句：It is widely acknowledged that art has always developed with technology, from oil paints to digital tools. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I firmly believe that AI-generated paintings should be recognized as a new form of art, which is simply the next step in the creative evolution.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】As is widely acknowledged, art has always developed with technology, from oil paints to digital tools. （运用了As引导的非限制性定语从句） 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$