Unit 2 The universal language（重难词汇精练）英语译林版2020选择必修第一册

Unit 2 The universal language 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 6 题型五、单词拼写 6 题型六、完成句子 7 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一、语篇语法填空 8 题型二、应用文写作 8 题型一、词性转换 1．______________ vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写，使镇静→ n．作曲家，作曲者 2．______________n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→______________ adj.悲伤的；悲痛的；悲哀的 3．______________ vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→______________ n．转化；转换；变形 4．______________ vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→______________ n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 5．______________ n．周围，环境→______________ vt.环绕；包围→______________ adj.周围的 6．______________ n．改编本，改写本；适应→______________ vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应→______________ adj.有适应能力的，能适应的 7．______________ vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→______________ n．防御；防卫 8．______________ vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→______________ n．问候，招呼；祝贺 9．______________ adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→______________ v．相配，合身；适合 10．______________ adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→______________ n．距离；远方；间隔 11．______________ n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→______________ vi.呼吸；松口气 12．______________ n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→______________ vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期 13．______________ adj.热情的，热心的→e ______________ n．热心，热忱，热情 14．______________ adj.有才华的，有天赋的→______________ n．礼物；天赋；赠品 15．______________ n．预言，预测→______________ v．预言，预知；断言 16．______________ vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→______________ adj.沮丧的；萧条的→______________ n．抑郁(症)；消沉；萧条(期) 17．______________ vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→______________ n．拥有；财产 18．______________ adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的→______________ adv.绝望地，非常→______________ n．绝望 题型二、核心短语 1．______________使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 2．______________依赖，依靠；信任 3．______________奉送，额外赠送 4．______________作为额外增添 5．______________由……组成(或构成) 6．______________开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 7．______________突然，猛地 8．______________turn out最后是，结果是 9．______________深受欢迎 10．______________能够做某事；有能力做某事 11．______________不断涌进；源源不断地流入 12．______________突然开始(做某事)；闯入；破门而入 题型三、一词多用 compose 1.As a (compose), he proved himself to be expert at large dramatic forms. 2. Mozart’s (compose) are undoubtedly among the world’s greatest. 3.Her voice cracked but she managed to compose (her) as the conversation continued.   deserve 1.The composer deserved (win) the first prize because the tunes he created were really excellent. 2.No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore (deserve) our due respect. 3.John’s proposal and kind behaviour deserved .(praise) whisper 1.The mother patted the baby gently and whispered something his ear，intending the baby to sleep. 2. was whispered that the talks had fallen apart because each side had concerns. 3.She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost a whisper/in whispers. 4. He whispered the message David. transform 1.The company has been transformed from a family business one with 3,000 workforce. 2.There exists a concept that Chinese food may be (transform) into westerners’ main food one day. 3.Access to higher education brought about a dramatic (transform) in her outlook. combine 1.This (combine) of qualities is generally considered to be extremely rare. 2.Theory should be combined practice.   3. combination with years of experience, he put forward his constructive idea on how to improve the quality of the products. rely on 1.He is the kind of person that you can rely . 2.We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working. 3. You may rely on that he will come to meet you. 4. My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them to introduce (introduce) me to some great songs. Surroundings 1. (surround) by many strangers, she looked shy and embarrassed. 2.Determining where we are according to our (surrounding) remains an essential skill for our survival. 3.I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself creative people.   guarantee 1.We guarantee (deliver) your goods within a week.   2. I have no idea whether the television is still guarantee. 3. He gave me guarantee in a whisper that he would keep the secret. adaptation 1.She adapted the college life about a month after she went to college. 2.The (adapt) has perfectly captured the spirit of the original novel. 3.Successful businesses are highly (adapt) to economic change. 4.The scriptwriter helped him to adapt his novel the screen. tear apart 1.The city will tear the building and create a park. 2.Hearing the news, she tore the letter and cried sadly. 3.The issue is tearing their marriage . consist of 1.My breakfast usually consists bread served with porridge. 2.The results are entirely (consist) with our earlier research. 3.Your words should be consistent /consist your action.   Defend 1.She picked up a stick from the ground to defend (her) against the robber. 2.I have to say in her (defend) that she knew nothing about it before. 3.The Chinese People’s Liberation Army is capable of defending the territory of our motherland being invaded. greet 1.He greeted all his guests a fixed smile on his face. 2.They exchanged (greet) and sat down to lunch. 3.When she opened the door, she was greeted a scene of confusion.   get down to 1.The old man has got accustomed to (live) in the city. 2.How are you getting along your work recently? 3.If we get the present difficulties, then everything should be all right. 4.Try your best to get rid your bad habits and you’ll benefit a lot from it. suitable 1.I don’t have anything (suit) to wear for the party. 2.This diet is suited anyone who wants to lose weight fast. 3.I don’t know whether I am suitable the job or not.   distance 1.We spotted them waving to us a distance of 100 metres. 2. the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years. 3.The sound of the car died away in the (distant).   expectation 1.You are expected (attend) the meeting on time.   2.He is confident in his (expect) of a full recovery from the illness. 3.The boss said that he was not suitable for the job, which was his expectation.   remarkable 1.Beijing is remarkable its long history and famous places of interest. 2.The judges made remarks the high standard of entries for the competition. 3. After two years, the second group saw (remark) improvements in heart health. 4. is remarkable that the additional money was not used to pay off debts. 5.We know innovators can be (remarkable) creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. gifted 1.He is a (gift) musician, so he will meet your demand. 2.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people. 3.He is witty, amusing and gifted a sharp business brain.   reputation 1.The company has a well-deserved reputation being reliable. 2.He built up a reputation a tough businessman.   3. The weather in Britain lives up its reputation. prediction 1.Not many people agree with the government’s (predict) that the economy will improve. 2. is widely predicted to be one of the first islands to be drowned by the rising seas caused by global warming.   3.The gifted musician has made predictions/a prediction the result of his coming performance. upset 1.It upsets me (think) of her all alone in that big house.   2.It upset him nobody had bothered to tell him about it. 3. upset her was that her son failed in the exam.   posses 1.The (possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel. 2.It’s necessary for everyone to be possession of cellphones and web in the information age.   abandon 1.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel (abandon). 2.After 20 lessons, I finally abandoned (learn) to drive. 3.The fans cheered abandon when their football team won.   desperate 1.He is desperate knowledge and devotes all his time and energy to his study. 2.I ran after him (desperate), but failed to catch up. 3.He was so desperate get a job that he would do anything.   题型四、单句语法填空 1．The waterfall’s flow changed (dramatic) after the heavy rain, surging twice its normal size overnight. 2．The (adapt) process varies from person to person. 3．He felt uncomfortable in his new (surrounding) after moving abroad. 4．Environmentalists are urging governments (defend) endangered species more effectively. 5．The rescue team (consist) of dozens of soldiers rescued several survivors from the ruins with local residents. 6．Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her (adapt) to the new culture. 7．It had been a (please) journey, which made me refreshed. 8． (compose) of three parts, the exhibition attracts people from all over the world. 9．While none of this is guaranteed (work), there is no alternative to trying. 10．To live a low-carbon life, people can rely public transportation to get them to and from work. 11．There are certain products and services that are very (suit) for selling online. 12．The familiar melody brought back my (distance) memories. 13．I grew up, with the Beatles’s music (accompany) me every step of the way. 14．Supported by the enthusiastic hosts, Allen won the silver medal out of (expect). 15．It’s (usual)to have adult conversation like that with such a young child. 16．Longing to experience the low-paced lifestyle, they want (desperate) to make a change on the weekend. 17．The passionate boy is (enthusiasm) in sports and especially has enthusiasm for ball games. 18．Even if you are a (gift) man, you should not take your gift for granted.Make full use of it and you’ll succeed. 19．Her (remark) achievement earned her a scholarship to the famous university. 20．All of sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. 题型五、单词拼写 1．She (耳语) in his ear that she saw a thief just now. 2．For what he had contributed to the community, he d to earn people’s respect. 3．The band’s music (融合了) classical and hip-hop elements. 4．Depending on how you play the game, you can change the outcome, almost (保证) a different storyline each time. 5．We are determined to d our motherland at all costs. 6．However great the difficulties may be, we can o them. 7．There are two kinds of traditional Chinese f arts which might be of interest. (根据首字母单词拼写) 8．The book described the a of desert species to the hot conditions. 9．T a polluted area into a park requires both government action and public support. 10．When (作曲) music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes. 11．The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into cheers at the end of the symphony. 12．After months of unemployment and with no money left, he felt (绝望的) and didn’t know how to feed his family. 13．He found a dog (遗弃) in the wood and brought him home. 14．The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into (热情的，热心的) cheers at the end of the symphony. 15．The young musician’s e talent amazed everyone at the concert. 16．The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I had to (抛弃) the car and continue on foot. 17．I never thought I was very (有天赋的) at anything to do with music, but my parents wanted me to learn to play the piano at the age of six. 18．Despite his young age, Einstein’s g in physics amazed the academic community. 19．This restaurant has a good (名声) for its delicious food and friendly service. 20．It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very (苦恼的). 题型六、完成句子 1．我们不能总是依赖父母来帮忙。 We can’t always our parents for help. 2．这个团队由十名成员组成,每个人都有独特的技能。 The team consists ten members, each with unique skills. 3．那个人把房子廉价卖给了我，还赠送了家具。 The man sold me the house at a cheap price with the furniture for good measure. 4．这对夫妻从来都没有想到他们会因为误会而分开。 It had never occurred to the couple that they would by misunderstanding. 5．按照广告， 如果你买一杯咖啡，你将另外得到一杯作为赠送。 According to the advertisement, if you buy a cup of coffee, you will get another one 6．首先，因为我的英语口语很流利，我认为我非常适合这份工作。 Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think . 7．我该开始认真思考一下那篇论文了。 It’s time I thinking about that essay. 8．通过致力于科学研究，她希望为该领域做出贡献，并且不辜负她导师的期望。 By dedicating herself to scientific research, she hopes to the field and her mentor’s . 9．猛不防有人抓住了我的脖子。 someone grabbed me around the neck. 10．他和他爸爸在书法方面一样有天赋。(as… as… ) He is . 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） Yingge dance performances 1 (inspire) by the story of The Water Margin, one of China’s Four Great Classical Novels. Set during the Song Dynasty (960–1279), the novel tells the story of 108 characters 2 gather and live at the Liangshan Marsh in east China. Each of these 108 characters 3 (have) a different personality and set of skills, and their stories are known widely throughout China. The choreography (编舞) of the Yingge dance draws from these familiar tales, using the dancers’ movements, costumes and facial makeup 4 (express) the differences in spirit of the characters. With something of martial arts, the dance is often referred to 5 the “Chinese battle dance.” According to Zheng Cheng, 6 professor at Jieyang Polytechnic in Guangdong, the art form not only shows an unstoppable force but also represents the essence of masculinity (阳刚之气). 7 (typical), the lead dancer plays Shi Qian, a character from the novel famous for his wisdom. “Yingge dance has the lead dancer carrying a cloth snake as the snake stands for 8 (flexible) and wisdom, lending the dance a sense of deep 9 (culture) significance,” Zheng said. “Holding a cloth snake, the lead dancer copies the snake’ s flowing movements, winding his way through the dance troupe (剧团). His graceful steps and gestures guide the team’s direction, rhythm and formation, 10 (make) the performance orderly and eye-catching.” 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高一下·重庆·期末）假设你是李华，你校的英语报拟增设一个栏目，外籍编辑Eric提出“Music and me”和“British history and traditions”两个选项，征询同学们的意见。请你给Eric写一封邮件， 内容包括：1.你的选择；2. 说明理由。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 The universal language 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 6 题型五、单词拼写 9 题型六、完成句子 12 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一、语篇语法填空 13 题型二、应用文写作 15 题型一、词性转换 1．______________ vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写，使镇静→ n．作曲家，作曲者 2．______________n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→______________ adj.悲伤的；悲痛的；悲哀的 3．______________ vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→______________ n．转化；转换；变形 4．______________ vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→______________ n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 5．______________ n．周围，环境→______________ vt.环绕；包围→______________ adj.周围的 6．______________ n．改编本，改写本；适应→______________ vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应→______________ adj.有适应能力的，能适应的 7．______________ vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→______________ n．防御；防卫 8．______________ vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→______________ n．问候，招呼；祝贺 9．______________ adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→______________ v．相配，合身；适合 10．______________ adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→______________ n．距离；远方；间隔 11．______________ n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→______________ vi.呼吸；松口气 12．______________ n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→______________ vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期 13．______________ adj.热情的，热心的→e ______________ n．热心，热忱，热情 14．______________ adj.有才华的，有天赋的→______________ n．礼物；天赋；赠品 15．______________ n．预言，预测→______________ v．预言，预知；断言 16．______________ vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→______________ adj.沮丧的；萧条的→______________ n．抑郁(症)；消沉；萧条(期) 17．______________ vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→______________ n．拥有；财产 18．______________ adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的→______________ adv.绝望地，非常→______________ n．绝望 【答案】1. compose, composer 2. sorrow, sorrowful 3.transform, transformation 4. combine, combination 5. surroundings, surround, surrounding 6. adaptation, adapt, adaptable 7. defend, defense 8. greet. greeting 9. suitable, suit 10. distant, distance 11. breath, breathe 12. expectation, expect 13. enthusiastic, enthusiasm 14. gifted, gift 15. prediction, predict 16. depress, depressed, depression 17. possess, possession 18. desperate, desperately, desperation 题型二、核心短语 1．______________使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 2．______________依赖，依靠；信任 3．______________奉送，额外赠送 4．______________作为额外增添 5．______________由……组成(或构成) 6．______________开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 7．______________突然，猛地 8．______________turn out最后是，结果是 9．______________深受欢迎 10．______________能够做某事；有能力做某事 11．______________不断涌进；源源不断地流入 12．______________突然开始(做某事)；闯入；破门而入 【答案】1．tear apart2．rely on 3．throw in 4．for good measure 5．consist of 6．get down to (doing) sth 7．all of a sudden 8．turn out 9．be well received 10．be capable of doing sth 11．stream into 12．break into 题型三、一词多用 compose 1.As a (compose), he proved himself to be expert at large dramatic forms. 2. Mozart’s (compose) are undoubtedly among the world’s greatest. 3.Her voice cracked but she managed to compose (her) as the conversation continued.   【答案】1. composer, compositions, himself deserve 1.The composer deserved (win) the first prize because the tunes he created were really excellent. 2.No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore (deserve) our due respect. 3.John’s proposal and kind behaviour deserved .(praise) 【答案】1. to win 2. deserves 3. praise/ praising / to be praised whisper 1.The mother patted the baby gently and whispered something his ear，intending the baby to sleep. 2. was whispered that the talks had fallen apart because each side had concerns. 3.She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost a whisper/in whispers. 4. He whispered the message David. 【答案】1. in 2. It 3. in 4. to transform 1.The company has been transformed from a family business one with 3,000 workforce. 2.There exists a concept that Chinese food may be (transform) into westerners’ main food one day. 3.Access to higher education brought about a dramatic (transform) in her outlook. 【答案】1. into 2. transformed 3. transformation combine 1.This (combine) of qualities is generally considered to be extremely rare. 2.Theory should be combined practice.   3. combination with years of experience, he put forward his constructive idea on how to improve the quality of the products. 【答案】1. combination 2. with 3. In rely on 1.He is the kind of person that you can rely . 2.We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working. 3. You may rely on that he will come to meet you. 4. My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them to introduce (introduce) me to some great songs. 【答案】1. on 2. reliable 3. it 4. to introduce Surroundings 1. (surround) by many strangers, she looked shy and embarrassed. 2.Determining where we are according to our (surrounding) remains an essential skill for our survival. 3.I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself creative people.   【答案】1.Sunnrouded 2. surroundings 3. with guarantee 1.We guarantee (deliver) your goods within a week.   2. I have no idea whether the television is still guarantee. 3. He gave me guarantee in a whisper that he would keep the secret. 【答案】1.to deliver 2. under 3. a adaptation 1.She adapted the college life about a month after she went to college. 2.The (adapt) has perfectly captured the spirit of the original novel. 3.Successful businesses are highly (adapt) to economic change. 4.The scriptwriter helped him to adapt his novel the screen. 【答案】1.to 2. adaptation 3. adaptable 4. for tear apart 1.The city will tear the building and create a park. 2.Hearing the news, she tore the letter and cried sadly. 3.The issue is tearing their marriage . 【答案】1.down 2. up 3. apart consist of 1.My breakfast usually consists bread served with porridge. 2.The results are entirely (consist) with our earlier research. 3.Your words should be consistent /consist your action.   【答案】1.of 2. consistetnt 3. with/with Defend 1.She picked up a stick from the ground to defend (her) against the robber. 2.I have to say in her (defend) that she knew nothing about it before. 3.The Chinese People’s Liberation Army is capable of defending the territory of our motherland being invaded. 【答案】1.herself 2. defence 3. from/against greet 1.He greeted all his guests a fixed smile on his face. 2.They exchanged (greet) and sat down to lunch. 3.When she opened the door, she was greeted a scene of confusion.   【答案】1.with2. greetings 3. by get down to 1.The old man has got accustomed to (live) in the city. 2.How are you getting along your work recently? 3.If we get the present difficulties, then everything should be all right. 4.Try your best to get rid your bad habits and you’ll benefit a lot from it. 【答案】1.living 2. with 3. over 4. of suitable 1.I don’t have anything (suit) to wear for the party. 2.This diet is suited anyone who wants to lose weight fast. 3.I don’t know whether I am suitable the job or not.   【答案】1.suitable 2. to 3. for distance 1.We spotted them waving to us a distance of 100 metres. 2. the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years. 3.The sound of the car died away in the (distant). 【答案】1.from/at 2. In 3. distance   expectation 1.You are expected (attend) the meeting on time.   2.He is confident in his (expect) of a full recovery from the illness. 3.The boss said that he was not suitable for the job, which was his expectation.   【答案】1.to attend 2. expectation 3. beyond remarkable 1.Beijing is remarkable its long history and famous places of interest. 2.The judges made remarks the high standard of entries for the competition. 3. After two years, the second group saw (remark) improvements in heart health. 4. is remarkable that the additional money was not used to pay off debts. 5.We know innovators can be (remarkable) creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. 【答案】1.for 2. on 3. remarkable 4. It 5.remarkably gifted 1.He is a (gift) musician, so he will meet your demand. 2.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people. 3.He is witty, amusing and gifted a sharp business brain.   【答案】1.gifted 2. for 3. with reputation 1.The company has a well-deserved reputation being reliable. 2.He built up a reputation a tough businessman.   3. The weather in Britain lives up its reputation. 【答案】1.for 2. as3. to  prediction 1.Not many people agree with the government’s (predict) that the economy will improve. 2. is widely predicted to be one of the first islands to be drowned by the rising seas caused by global warming.   3.The gifted musician has made predictions/a prediction the result of his coming performance. 【答案】1.prediction 2. It 3. about/for upset 1.It upsets me (think) of her all alone in that big house.   2.It upset him nobody had bothered to tell him about it. 3. upset her was that her son failed in the exam.   【答案】1.to think 2. that 3. from/against posses 1.The (possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel. 2.It’s necessary for everyone to be possession of cellphones and web in the information age.   【答案】1.possession 2. in abandon 1.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel (abandon). 2.After 20 lessons, I finally abandoned (learn) to drive. 3.The fans cheered abandon when their football team won.   【答案】1.abandoned 2. learning 3. with desperate 1.He is desperate knowledge and devotes all his time and energy to his study. 2.I ran after him (desperate), but failed to catch up. 3.He was so desperate get a job that he would do anything.   【答案】1.for 2. desperately 3. to 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The waterfall’s flow changed (dramatic) after the heavy rain, surging twice its normal size overnight. 【答案】dramatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：大雨过后，瀑布的水流发生了剧烈的变化，一夜之间流量达到了平时的两倍之多。空处应用副词，修饰动词“changed”，作状语；dramatically为副词，表示“剧烈地、戏剧性地”，符合句意。故填dramatically。 2．The (adapt) process varies from person to person. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：适应过程因人而异。空格处需作定语修饰名词process，因此要用所给词adapt“适应”的名词形式adaptation，adaptation process表示“适应过程”。故填adaptation。 3．He felt uncomfortable in his new (surrounding) after moving abroad. 【答案】surroundings 【详解】考查名词。句意：移居国外后，他对新环境感到不自在。形容词new后接名词形式。surrounding作名词时，常用复数形式surroundings，表示“环境”。故填surroundings。 4．Environmentalists are urging governments (defend) endangered species more effectively. 【答案】to defend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环保主义者敦促政府更有效地保护濒危物种。此处为不定式作宾语补足语，urge sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“敦促某人做某事”，符合语境。故填to defend。 5．The rescue team (consist) of dozens of soldiers rescued several survivors from the ruins with local residents. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由几十名士兵组成的救援队与当地居民一起从废墟中救出了几名幸存者。本句中rescued是谓语动词；所给动词consist 在句中作后置定语，修饰名词rescue team；动词短语consist of意为“由……组成的”，不使用被动形式，与所修饰名词为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填consisting。 6．Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her (adapt) to the new culture. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：谢蕾选择和一户寄宿家庭住在一起，这户人家能帮助她适应新文化。her是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接名词，adapt的名词形式是adaptation，为不可数名词，表示 “适应”作宾语。故填adaptation。 7．It had been a (please) journey, which made me refreshed. 【答案】pleasant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一次愉快的旅行，使我精神焕发。此处修饰名词journey，应用形容词pleasant“令人愉快的；舒适的”，作定语。故填pleasant。 8． (compose) of three parts, the exhibition attracts people from all over the world. 【答案】Composed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：展览由三个部分组成，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。句子已有谓语动词attracts，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，句子的主语 the exhibition与 compose之间是逻辑动宾关系，所以用过去分词 composed 作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Composed。 9．While none of this is guaranteed (work), there is no alternative to trying. 【答案】to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这一切都不能保证有效，但除了尝试之外别无选择。从句为guarantee sb to do的被动语态，含义为“保证某人做某事”，设空处应填动词不定式，补充说明主语的情况。故填to work。 10．To live a low-carbon life, people can rely public transportation to get them to and from work. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：为了过上低碳生活，人们可以依靠公共交通上下班。rely on是固定短语，意为“依靠，依赖”，在该句中表达人们依靠公共交通来实现上下班这一出行需求，故空处应填介词on。故填on。 11．There are certain products and services that are very (suit) for selling online. 【答案】suitable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些产品和服务非常适合在网上销售。根据are可知，此处应用形容词suitable表示“适合的”作表语。故填suitable。 12．The familiar melody brought back my (distance) memories. 【答案】distant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：熟悉的旋律勾起了我遥远的回忆。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词memories，distance的形容词是distant，意为“遥远的”。故填distant。 13．I grew up, with the Beatles’s music (accompany) me every step of the way. 【答案】accompanying 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我是在披头士乐队的音乐陪伴下长大的，他们的音乐一路伴随我成长的每一步。这里考查with的复合结构，the Beatles’s music与accompany为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作宾补。故填accompanying。 14．Supported by the enthusiastic hosts, Allen won the silver medal out of (expect). 【答案】expectation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在热情的东道主的支持下，Allen出乎意料地获得了银牌。根据空前介词out of可知，空处需填所给词的名词形式expectation作宾语，out of expectation为固定短语，意为“出乎意料”。故填expectation。 15．It’s (usual)to have adult conversation like that with such a young child. 【答案】unusual 16．Longing to experience the low-paced lifestyle, they want (desperate) to make a change on the weekend. 【答案】desperately 【详解】考查副词。句意：渴望体验低节奏的生活方式，他们迫切希望在周末做出改变。空处修饰动词want，应用副词形式，故填desperately。 17．The passionate boy is (enthusiasm) in sports and especially has enthusiasm for ball games. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个充满激情的男孩对运动很热情，尤其对球类运动怀有热情。设空处位于系动词is后作表语，需用形容词形式enthusiasm，构成固定搭配“be enthusiastic in”，意为“对……热情”。故填enthusiastic。 18．Even if you are a (gift) man, you should not take your gift for granted.Make full use of it and you’ll succeed. 【答案】gifted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：即便你是个有天赋的人，也不该把天赋视为理所当然。充分利用它，你会成功的。空格处修饰名词“man”，需用gift形容词形式表示“有天赋的；天资聪颖的”。故填gifted。 19．Her (remark) achievement earned her a scholarship to the famous university. 【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她引人瞩目的成就为她赢得了这所著名大学的奖学金。achievement为名词，需要用形容词来修饰，remark为名词或动词，需用其形容词形式用于描述成就的性质特点。故填remarkable。 20．All of sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. 【答案】a 【详解】 考查固定短语。句意：突然间，屋顶所在的地方出现了天空。all of a sudden是固定搭配，意为“突然”。故填a。 题型五、单词拼写 1．She (耳语) in his ear that she saw a thief just now. 【答案】whispered 【详解】考查时态。句意：她在他耳边低声说她刚才看见一个小偷。“耳语”是whisper，由saw可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填whispered。 2．For what he had contributed to the community, he d to earn people’s respect. 【答案】deserved/eserved 【详解】考查动词。句意：因为他对社区所做的贡献，他理应赢得人们的尊重。根据首字母“d”及语境可知，这里表示“理应，应得”，应用动词“deserve”，由“had contributed”可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以用deserved。故填deserved。 3．The band’s music (融合了) classical and hip-hop elements. 【答案】combines 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个乐队的音乐融合了古典和嘻哈元素。根据汉语提示“融合了”可知，此处应填谓语动词combine；句子描述乐队音乐的通常风格，为客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为The band’s music，应用谓语动词的第三人称单数形式。故填combines。 4．Depending on how you play the game, you can change the outcome, almost (保证) a different storyline each time. 【答案】guaranteeing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据你玩游戏的方式，你可以改变结果，几乎保证每次都有不同的故事情节。根据汉语提示“保证”可知，应填动词guarantee，句中已有谓语can change，空处作非谓语动词，guarantee与主语you是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填guaranteeing。 5．We are determined to d our motherland at all costs. 【答案】defend/efend 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们决心不惜任何代价保卫我们的祖国。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词defend“保卫”，be determined to do sth.“决心做某事”，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填defend。 6．However great the difficulties may be, we can o them. 【答案】overcome/vercome 【详解】考查动词。句意：无论困难有多大，我们都能克服它们。空白处在情态动词can后作谓语，使用动词原形。根据上文“However great the difficulties may be (无论困难有多大)”可推理出空白处应填表示“克服”含义的动词，根据首字母提示，以字母 o 开头且表示“克服”含义的动词为overcome，故填overcome。 7．There are two kinds of traditional Chinese f arts which might be of interest. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】folk/olk 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有两种中国传统民间艺术，你可能会感兴趣。空处修饰名词arts，应填形容词作定语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，folk“民俗的，民间的”，形容词，符合题意，故填folk。 8．The book described the a of desert species to the hot conditions. 【答案】adaptation/daptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书描述了沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填名词adaptation“适应”，作动词described的宾语，此处特指对炎热环境的适应。故填adaptation。 9．T a polluted area into a park requires both government action and public support. 【答案】Transforming/ransforming 【详解】考查动词。句意：将一个被污染的地区变成一个公园需要政府的行动和公众的支持。根据首字母T可知，本空用动词transform“转变”，本句已有谓语requires，本空用非谓语动词形式，此处作主语，用动名词，句首单词首字母字母大写。故填Transforming。 10．When (作曲) music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes. 【答案】composing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他在钢琴前作曲时，他会把铅笔的一端放进嘴里，另一端靠在乐器上，这样他就能感觉到音符。根据汉语提示“作曲”可知，此处为动词compose；此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，完整形式为When he was composing music at the piano，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，所以此处省略he was。故填composing。 11．The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into cheers at the end of the symphony. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人群立刻意识到他们正在聆听真正特别的东西，于是在交响乐结束时爆发出热烈的欢呼声。此处表示“热烈的”欢呼声，应用形容词enthusiastic“热情的，热烈的”，修饰名词cheers，作前置定语。故填enthusiastic。 12．After months of unemployment and with no money left, he felt (绝望的) and didn’t know how to feed his family. 【答案】desperate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：失业几个月后，身无分文，他感到绝望，不知道如何养活家人。空格处用形容词作表语，“绝望的”的形容词是desperate，故填desperate。 13．He found a dog (遗弃) in the wood and brought him home. 【答案】abandoned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现一只被遗弃在树林里的狗，然后把它带回了家。根据汉语提示“遗弃”可知，此处应为动词abandon，句中已有谓语动词found和brought，所以abandon应用非谓语形式，此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语a dog与abandon之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填abandoned。 14．The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into (热情的，热心的) cheers at the end of the symphony. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人群立刻意识到他们听到了一些真正特别的东西，在交响乐结束时，他们爆发出了热情的欢呼声。根据汉语提示“热情的，热心的”可知，此处用形容词enthusiastic，作前置定语，修饰名词cheers。故填enthusiastic。 15．The young musician’s e talent amazed everyone at the concert. 【答案】extraordinary/xtraordinary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位年轻音乐家非凡的才华在音乐会上令所有人惊叹。根据首字母 “e”及句意可知，此处表示“非凡的”，形容词extraordinary ，作定语修饰名词talent。故填extraordinary。 16．The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I had to (抛弃) the car and continue on foot. 【答案】abandon 【详解】考查动词。句意：暴风雨越来越猛烈。最后，我不得不弃车，继续步行。“抛弃”作谓语，用动词abandon，在情态动词had to后用原形。故填abandon。 17．I never thought I was very (有天赋的) at anything to do with music, but my parents wanted me to learn to play the piano at the age of six. 【答案】gifted/talented 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从未想过自己在与音乐有关的任何方面有天赋，但我的父母想让我在六岁时学弹钢琴。根据汉语提示“有天赋的”可知，此处为形容词gifted/talented，作表语。故填gifted/talented。 18．Despite his young age, Einstein’s g in physics amazed the academic community. 【答案】genius/enius 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管年纪轻轻，爱因斯坦在物理学方面的天赋让学术界惊叹不已。根据句意和提示的首字母“g”可知，此处应为名词genius，表示“天赋；天才”，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填genius。 19．This restaurant has a good (名声) for its delicious food and friendly service. 【答案】reputation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家餐厅因美食可口、服务友好而享有良好的名声。根据汉语提示“名声”及空前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应填单数名词reputation，have a good reputation for...为固定搭配，意为“因……而享有好名声”。故填reputation。 20．It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very (苦恼的). 【答案】upset 【详解】考查形容词。句意：起初，这似乎是一个玩笑，但女孩非常苦恼。空格处用形容词作表语，根据汉语提示“苦恼的”可知用形容词upset，故填upset。 题型六、完成句子 1．我们不能总是依赖父母来帮忙。 We can’t always our parents for help. 【答案】 rely on 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“依靠，依赖”短语为rely on，情态动词“can’t”后接动词原形。故填rely on。 2．这个团队由十名成员组成,每个人都有独特的技能。 The team consists ten members, each with unique skills. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。根据空前的consists和汉语“由……组成”可知，空处应用介词of，consist of意为“由……组成”，为固定搭配。故填of。 3．那个人把房子廉价卖给了我，还赠送了家具。 The man sold me the house at a cheap price with the furniture for good measure. 【答案】thrown in 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“赠送”，是固定短语throw in，此处是with复合结构，furniture与throw in之间为被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词thrown in作宾语补足语，故填thrown in。 4．这对夫妻从来都没有想到他们会因为误会而分开。 It had never occurred to the couple that they would by misunderstanding. 【答案】 be torn apart 【详解】考查语态和动词短语。根据中英文提示，缺失句意为“分开”，可用动词短语“tear...apart”，是从句谓语动词，与主语they之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境和助动词would可知，应用过去将来时的被动语态would be torn apart。故填be torn apart。 5．按照广告， 如果你买一杯咖啡，你将另外得到一杯作为赠送。 According to the advertisement, if you buy a cup of coffee, you will get another one 【答案】 thrown in 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。根据句意和中文提示，缺失部分需要表达的是“作为赠送”，在英语中，常用动词短语throw in表示“免费赠送”，作宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语another one之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式thrown in表被动。故填thrown in。 6．首先，因为我的英语口语很流利，我认为我非常适合这份工作。 Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think . 【答案】I am very suitable for this job./I am very fit for this job. 【详解】考查形容词短语。根据中文提示，“适合”可以使用be suitable for或者be fit for。“这份工作”翻译为this job。故答案是I am very suitable for this job.或者I am very fit for this job。 7．我该开始认真思考一下那篇论文了。 It’s time I thinking about that essay. 【答案】 got down to 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气。“It’s time (that) sb did/should do sth.”为固定句型，意为“某人该做某事了”，其中从句中应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”；“开始做……”用动词短语get down to doing sth.，作从句谓语，用虚拟语气got down to或者should get down to，题干设3个空，用got down to。故填①got②down③to。 8．通过致力于科学研究，她希望为该领域做出贡献，并且不辜负她导师的期望。 By dedicating herself to scientific research, she hopes to the field and her mentor’s . 【答案】 make contributions to live up to expectations 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和名词。因句子表示的是客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。根据汉语提示，表示“做出贡献”含义的动词短语为：make contributions to；表示“不辜负”含义的动词短语为：live up to；最后空白处在句中做宾语，应使用名词，根据汉语提示，表示“期望”含义的名词为：expectation，因此除为泛指，使用复数，故填①make②contributions③to④live⑤up⑥to⑦expectations。 9．猛不防有人抓住了我的脖子。 someone grabbed me around the neck. 【答案】 All of a sudden 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中文提示可知，表示“猛不防”应用all of a sudden，为固定搭配，在本句中作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填All of a sudden。 10．他和他爸爸在书法方面一样有天赋。(as… as… ) He is . 【答案】as gifted as his father at calligraphy 【详解】考查形容词和短语。对比中英句子，空处需填“在书法方面一样有天赋”，“和……一样”用as...as… ，第一个as后接形容词或副词原形，表示“在……方面有天赋”用be gifted at...，“书法”是calligraphy。故填as gifted as his father at calligraphy。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末） Yingge dance performances 1 (inspire) by the story of The Water Margin, one of China’s Four Great Classical Novels. Set during the Song Dynasty (960–1279), the novel tells the story of 108 characters 2 gather and live at the Liangshan Marsh in east China. Each of these 108 characters 3 (have) a different personality and set of skills, and their stories are known widely throughout China. The choreography (编舞) of the Yingge dance draws from these familiar tales, using the dancers’ movements, costumes and facial makeup 4 (express) the differences in spirit of the characters. With something of martial arts, the dance is often referred to 5 the “Chinese battle dance.” According to Zheng Cheng, 6 professor at Jieyang Polytechnic in Guangdong, the art form not only shows an unstoppable force but also represents the essence of masculinity (阳刚之气). 7 (typical), the lead dancer plays Shi Qian, a character from the novel famous for his wisdom. “Yingge dance has the lead dancer carrying a cloth snake as the snake stands for 8 (flexible) and wisdom, lending the dance a sense of deep 9 (culture) significance,” Zheng said. “Holding a cloth snake, the lead dancer copies the snake’ s flowing movements, winding his way through the dance troupe (剧团). His graceful steps and gestures guide the team’s direction, rhythm and formation, 10 (make) the performance orderly and eye-catching.” 【答案】1．are inspired 2．who/that 3．has 4．to express 5．as 6．a 7．Typically 8．flexibility 9．cultural 10．making 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英歌舞表演，其灵感来源于中国四大古典名著之一的《水浒传》，讲述了英歌舞的编舞来源、艺术形式以及领舞者的角色和象征意义等内容。 1．考查时态语态。句意：英歌舞表演受到中国四大古典小说之一水浒传故事的启发。此处inspire做谓语动词，主语是performances，二者之间构成动宾关系，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are inspired。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这部小说以宋朝(960-1279年)为背景，讲述了108位好汉在山东梁山泊聚义的故事。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词108 characters，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这108位好汉每个人都有不同的性格和一套技能，他们的故事在中国广为人知。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词与主语each保持一致，用单数。故填has。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：英歌舞的编舞灵感来源于这些熟悉的故事，用舞者的动作、服装和面部妆容来表达人物精神的差异。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了表达”。故填to express。 5．考查介词。句意：由于带有武术的某些东西，这种舞蹈常被称为“中国战舞”。be referred to as为固定短语，意为“被称为”。故填as。 6．考查冠词。句意：据广东揭阳职业技术学院教授郑城介绍，这种艺术形式不仅展现出一种不可阻挡的力量，还代表了阳刚之气的精髓。此处泛指“一位教授”，professor发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．考查副词。句意：通常，领舞者扮演的是小说中以智慧著称的石迁。此处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Typically。 8．考查名词。句意：“英歌舞中领舞者手持一条布蛇，因为蛇象征着灵活和智慧，为舞蹈增添了深厚的文化意义，”郑说。此处作介词for的宾语，应用名词flexibility，意为“灵活”，不可数名词。故填flexibility。 9．考查形容词。句意：“英歌舞中领舞者手持一条布蛇，因为蛇象征着灵活和智慧，为舞蹈增添了深厚的文化意义，”郑说。此处修饰名词significance，应用形容词cultural，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他优雅的步伐与舞姿带领着整个团队的方向，节奏与形式，使得表演井然有序，吸人眼球。空处为非谓语动词，动词make与逻辑主语构成主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然结果。故填making。 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高一下·重庆·期末）假设你是李华，你校的英语报拟增设一个栏目，外籍编辑Eric提出“Music and me”和“British history and traditions”两个选项，征询同学们的意见。请你给Eric写一封邮件， 内容包括：1.你的选择；2. 说明理由。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Eric, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. I would choose “Music and me”. Music is a universal language that connects people. Many students enjoy listening to or playing music, and sharing personal stories about music can make the newspaper more lively and personal. “British history and traditions” is also interesting, but it might feel a bit distant for some students. Music, however, is something we experience every day. It can inspire creativity and bring joy. I believe this topic will attract more readers and encourage them to share their own stories. Looking forward to your decision! Best wishes, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校的英语报拟增设一个栏目，外籍编辑Eric提出“Music and me”和“British history and traditions”两个选项，征询同学们的意见。要求考生给Eric写一封邮件介绍自己的选择并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：choose→select 普遍的：universal→global 快乐：joy→delight 吸引：attract→appeal to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. 拓展句：I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper, I think which is greatly meaningful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Music is a universal language that connects people. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Many students enjoy listening to or playing music, and sharing personal stories about music can make the newspaper more lively and personal.（运用了动名词作主语） 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$