精品解析：天津市五区县重点校2024-2025学年2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024～2025学年度第二学期期末重点校联考 高二英语 本试卷分为第 Ⅰ 卷（选择题）和第 Ⅱ 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 150分，考试时间120分钟。 第I卷（共110分） 第一部分：听力（共15分） 第一节：（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do first? A. Wash his hands. B. Do some typing. C. Move the sofa. 2. Where will the boy go after school? A. The post office. B. The teahouse. C. His sister’s house. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dish. B. An artist. C. A country. 4. Why does Alice feel excited? A. She has won the first race. B. She has been chosen for the race. C. She has got a pair of running shoes. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She will buy a new car. B. She can’t find the garage. C. She dislikes the service. 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What does the man want the woman to do for him? A. Arrange a holiday. B. Cancel a trip. C. Find a hotel. 7. Why won’t the man go to the island? A. No entertainment is included. B. There are too many people. C. It’s far from the hotel. 8. How does the man sound in the end? A. Rather excited. B. Quite grateful. C. A bit disappointed. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On the phone. B. At the office. C. In a restaurant. 10. What is the key to the whole operation in the woman’s view? A. Having early studies. B. Producing a good product. C. Getting a good import agent. 11. What does the woman decide to do? A. Meet the chief designer. B. Sell the product in Africa. C. Help the man with the report. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a lecture. B. Leading a tour. C. Hosting a talk show. 13. What does the factory produce? A. Fruits. B. Cakes. C. Candies. 14. What can people see on the first level? A. Workers are building the jelly bean sculpture. B. There are lots of unwanted materials. C. Robots are creating different statues. 15. What happened to many of the workers replaced by the robots? A. They were fired. B. They were given other jobs. C. They were sent to another factory. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节）（满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I have got the first prize in the VEX Robotics Competition. —_______________! Your efforts have paid off. A. Gook luck B. Come on C. Good for you D. Cheer up 2. I couldn't find my glasses, ________I have trouble seeing anything clearly. A. by which B. with which C. without which D. in which 3. She _____________ every offer of help and solved the issue by herself. A. turned on B. turned down C. turned out D. turned off 4. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ______ its superior quality. A. on top of B. in terms of C. on behalf of D. on account of 5. Despite the vast knowledge that we have ________, there are still many unsolved natural mysteries out there. A. accumulated B. anticipated C. cooperated D. purchased 6. This company was the first ______ portable computer as well as visual telephone at that time. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 7. We should always keep in mind that accidents ________carelessness while driving. A. pass up B. weigh up C. arise from D. put off 8. Several years ago, I had a manager who ________ changed his mind about what he wanted. A. consistently B. constantly C. actually D. ultimately 9. She advises that people be realistic and seek ________ from expert consultants. A. admission B. alternative C. guidance D. distribution 10. In my opinion, the topic is too difficult to understand. Try to simplify your speech ________ it goes beyond the children. A. even though B. now that C. so that D. in case 11. ________ in the floods, these animals made desperate efforts to escape, but some of them disappeared in water. A. Catching B. Caught C. Having caught D. To be caught 12. —You ________ with your father before you decided. —Yes, but he was too busy to answer my phone. A. should consult B. must consult C. must have consulted D. should have consulted 13. The book has succeeded in making philosophy ________ to a wider audience. A. sufficient B. invisible C. accessible D. immoral 14. Didn’t it ever occur to you ________ the English poem was about? Understanding its theme is the most important thing. A. what B. that C. how D. whether 15. Robin had to have his car repaired because it ______ seriously. A. has damaged B. has been damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged 第二节：完形填空：（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31—50题中所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Nick was not the kind of boy I had expected to spend my summer with. I was hoping to have some ____16____ the summer before my busy senior year, but my mother asked me to do her a ____17____. One of her colleagues needed a full-time ____18____. “You planned to volunteer at the local hospital, why not volunteer to ____19____ Nick instead?” Then she told me that this six-year-old boy was not a ____20____ child. Nick was a lovely little boy who suffered from many disorders. Normal day-care centers would not ____21____ him. As a baby, he had serious ear infections which left him with equilibrium（平衡）problems. He couldn’t ____22____ or run properly. I was ____23____ if I was to take the job when my mother ____24____ “Don’t you want to be a nurse in the future? I doubt if you even have the ____25____.” Then I told her I was ____26____ for the job. The day started at 7:00 a.m. Nick was my wake-up call! With so much energy and very little ____27____, he was quite a mix. At the park, when he saw all the other children play on the jungle gym and swings, the boy’s face ____28____up—How he wished he belonged to the group of his age! You would think it would be ____29____ to get a child to go down a slide. Believe me, it wasn’t! It took time, a lot of time. But with patience and support, Nick took one step up the slide each day. We worked together to face his ____30____ and gradually he got closer to taking the slide of his life. Halfway through the summer, he ____31____ it to the top of the slide. With my arms holding him tightly, we flew down the slide! I waited for his ____32____. After realizing that he was safe and sound, he gave me a big ____33____ and asked, “May I go down again, alone?” I had never been happier in my life when I saw this little child climb the ladder and enjoy what other children ____34____ for granted. This ____35____ child taught me that being a nurse means respect, kindness and patience. 16. A. grade B. course C. project D. relaxation 17 A. service B. favour C. business D. trade 18. A. nurse B. waitress C. guard D. guide 19. A. protect B. assist C. attend D. comfort 20. A. normal B. naughty C. clever D. happy 21. A. admit B. receive C. accept D. adopt 22. A. speak B. play C. stand D. walk 23. A. hesitating B. wondering C. questioning D. asking 24. A. suggested B. argued C. challenged D. commented 25. A. energy B. courage C. faith D. time 26. A. eager B. sorry C. grateful D. ready 27. A. awareness B. balance C. knowledge D. appeal 28. A. delighted B. turned C. lighted D. shuts 29 A. demanding B. simple C. interesting D. flexible 30. A. fears B. worries C. chances D. happiness 31. A. climbed B. got C. managed D. made 32. A. laughter B. reaction C. answer D. greeting 33. A. kiss B. clap C. welcome D. surprise 34. A. play B. do C. take D. enjoy 35. A. miserable B. smart C. lucky D. special 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 A From roller coasters to adventure tours performances to experiments, there are plenty of exciting attractions in the UK. Here is our pick of the best attractions that children can visit. The Natural History Museum Why go: This really is the grandfather of all London museums — the beauty of the building and the amazing exhibits. Look out for the whale skeleton (骨架) occupying the entry hall, but don’t miss the largest piece of gold (or a model of it)in the minerals gallery. You can easily spend a day here — tasty steaks, sandwiches and pizzas. Try to avoid weekends, because the crowds are larger. Best for: Children aged 5 and over. If time is limited, families should go quickly and directly towards the dinosaur gallery, because it’s really wonderful. Details: Entry is free, although there is a charge for some temporary exhibitions. Legoland Why go: Some 80 million Lego bricks have gone into the creation of this colourful park. There are thrilling rides and countless ways to spend money in shops. Yes, the queues can be long (unless you pay extra for the queue-jumping equipment, which is useful though it does not cover all rides). Best for: Legoland is aimed at children under 10s, with pre-schoolers particularly well catered for in Duplo Valley. Details: £32 per person; under 3s go free. 25 per cent discount for booking online more than seven days in advance. Warner Bros Studio Tour London — The Making of Harry Potter Why go: You’ve read the books, you’ve watched the films, but no Harry Potter fan will want to miss the chance to go behind the scenes at the film studios where all eight of the movies were made. Sharing the secrets behind the most successful film series of all time and yet still managing to keep the sense of magic alive, this studio tour gives visitors access to two locations filled with original sets and costumes. Best for: Children aged 7 and over and anyone with an interest in filmmaking. Details: £39 adults; £31 children; under 4s go free. 36 What can we know about the natural history museum? A. It’s a newly opened museum. B. The dinosaur gallery is highly recommended. C. People can see the whale skeleton in the minerals gallery. D. People only need a short time to visit the whole museum. 37. Which tourist attraction offers a favorable price if you book in advance? A. The natural history museum. B. The dinosaur gallery. C. Legoland. D. The making of Harry Potter. 38. Where may Harry Potter fans want to travel? A. London museums. B. Duplo Valley. C. The minerals gallery. D. Warner Bros Studio Tour London. 39. What do the three tourist attractions have in common? A. All of them are suitable for an eight-year-old child to visit. B. The queue — jumping equipment is used in all of them. C. They are all movie-based theme attractions. D. They all serve delicious food. 40. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The natural history museum is closed on weekends. B. Duplo Valley is very attractive to primary school children. C. People need to pay a charge in the natural history museum in certain cases. D. An adult with a three-year-old child should pay 70 pounds to visit the studio tour. B Standing at the finish line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race. Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event. Fearing that he wouldn’t be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for this “hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1000-kilometer race that was recognized as the world’s longest horse race by The Guinness Book of Records in 2011. He confirmed his belief that preparation can surpass youth, as some of the other riders were less prepared. Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. The race organizers had provided an extensive support network to keep an eye on the participants from afar. Despite that, the physical strain of riding such a long distance made simple things like squatting (蹲) down at the end of the day almost impossible. Along the vast race course there were unpredictable circumstances beyond Long’s control, however well prepared he’d been. Weather was one of them, which could switch from heavy rain to burning unexpectedly. Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. Without a living soul in sight, Long was desperate for interaction, guidance, and comfort. This feeling of loneliness accounted for his hope that one of his fellow competitors would catch up. Regardless of the hardship, Long felt a sort of spiritual adventure while traveling through the wilderness. He was provided with some memorable moments while connecting with nature. He also grew to love the country and the communities along the route. Still holding the passion for riding, Long never dismisses the idea of competing in another Mongol Derby. 41. What distinguished Bob Long from other competitors in the Mongol Derby? A. He rode the whole race course alone. B. He completed the toughest part of the course. C. He was the oldest participant of the horse race. D. He was most likely to enter the competition again. 42. What does the underlined word “grueling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Unpredictable but memorable. B. Difficult and exhausting. C. Comfortable and pleasant. D. Romantic but time-consuming. 43. Why did Bob Long decide to enter the Mongol Derby?​ A. He wanted to break the Guinness World Record.​ B. He was encouraged by a movie about the race.​ C. He believed his years of riding experience would guarantee victory.​ D. He was eager to explore the Mongolian grassland. 44. What was the biggest challenge that Long faced during the race? A. The changeable weather. B. The mental state in the course. C. The difficulty in finding the right route. D. The physical strain of riding a long distance. 45. What is the text mainly about? A. An introduction to the Mongol Derby. B. A review of a film based on the longest horse race. C. The experience of the Mongol Derby’s oldest winner. D. The preparations before a long and difficult horse race. C Goldfish are known for their terrible memories. One common saying even says that they only have a three-second memory. Despite having no scientific basis, it has spread for many years. “What is confusing is that it’s pretty much the same wherever you go in the world,” Culumn Brown, an expert in fish, said. “In some places, it’s two seconds, and in others, it’s ten, but it’s always short.” However, is that really the case? Brown has studied the intelligence of fish, including goldfish, for more than 25 years. He said, “In reality, goldfish are often used as a common model for studying memory and learning in fish because of their good performance. And there are thousands of studies on goldfish.” For example, if goldfish are fed at only one side of their tank (缸)，they will quickly learn and remember to stay at that side at feeding times no matter whether they are actually fed. Similarly, if they are trained to push a red tool instead of the blue one, they will continue to show a preference for that color long after the experiment is finished. Despite these studies, people’s views on goldfish haven’t changed much. A big reason for this is that most people do not come across live fish in their daily life. And even when they do, people don’t spend time with fish the way that they do with other animals like cats. What’s more, people’s guilt (内疚) may be another factor in thinking poorly of goldfish’s memory. It makes them feel good about putting goldfish in a small tank. Goldfish properly cared for can live for 20 years, so owners might want to consider getting their pets large tanks with many objects and other fish, as well as taking the time to play games with them and teach them skills. After all, your goldfish might remember certain experiences for years to come. 46. What is pointed out about goldfish in the first paragraph? A. People worldwide like to keep them as pets. B. Their strange behavior confuses lots of people. C. Some studies have proved their terrible memories. D. Misunderstanding about their memory is common. 47. Why does the author mention the two examples in paragraph 2? A. To prove goldfish are easy to raise. B. To show goldfish have a good memory. C. To describe how goldfish form good eating habits. D To explain why goldfish are smarter than other animals. 48. What may make people’s view on goldfish remain unchanged? A. The bad influence of goldfish on other fish. B. The poor relationship between goldfish and cats. C. People’s doubts about research and dislike for goldfish D. People’s unfamiliarity with goldfish and wish to reduce guilt. 49. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Pet owners are supposed to treat goldfish better. B. Pet owners ought to send goldfish back to sea. C. Mixing goldfish with other fish species is unwise. D. Raising goldfish is good for people’s mental health. 50. What may be the best title for the text? A. Are goldfish the smartest fish? B. Is it right to keep goldfish in a small tank? C. Do goldfish really have a short memory? D. Why are goldfish chosen for research? D As is known to everyone, the options we make have an effect on our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice! However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your character changes or grows, or diminishes depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice. And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation. Some will argue this is not true. After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything? There is some truth in this. We are thrown into life without any say over the matter, and have little control over most of it. However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances. We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up. This ability to choose how we behave and respond is a great gift. It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You can’t entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, formed by years of making good choices, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of. At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future. 51. What example does the author use to illustrate the impact of bad choices on the future?​ A. A student who fails to get into university due to laziness despite good academic potential.​ B. A person who can’t choose their birthplace and family background.​ C. Someone who gives up easily during hard times.​ D. An individual who is afraid of the unknown future.​ 52. What can we infer from the passage?​ A. We have no control over any aspect of our lives except making choices.​ B. Good character formed by making wise choices gives us confidence in the future.​ C. External factors like birthplace and family background have no impact on our life.​ D. Small choices in daily life don’t matter in shaping our character. 53. In the author’s opinion, what is the most important thing we can control in life?​ A. When and where to be born.​ B. Whether our families will be rich or poor.​ C. How we respond to different circumstances.​ D. Who we will meet in our lives. 54. According to the passage, why are our choices closely related to our future?​ A. Because choices directly decide our social status.​ B. Because choices can influence our character which determines our future.​ C. Because making choices helps us gain more control over external circumstances.​ D. Because every choice we make ensures a successful future. 55. What is the main idea of the passage?​ A. The ways to make good choices in different situations.​ B. The uncontrollable factors existing in our life.​ C. The significant relationship between our choices, character and future.​ D. The importance of having confidence in the future. 第Ⅱ卷 （共40分） 第四部分：写作 第一节：单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 56. Every child has the _________(潜力) to succeed; it’s up to educators to help them unlock it.​ (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. Einstein was regarded as a g_________ for his revolutionary theories in physics.​ (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. We have always been told to eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins that can help to s__________ our immune system. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. Ancient Greek _________(文明) made significant contributions to philosophy, art, and science.​ (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. Only those who have passed the strict training can be considered q______ for the challenging job. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。 Soldier Cui Xinze’s mission is to guard the pipeline that transports refined oil from Golmud in Qinghai to Lhasa in Tibet Autonomous Region, a vital artery (干线) that is called a “lifeline” for Tibet. His day begins with a three-hour patrol to check for leaks (泄露) along the pipeline, which crosses rivers and ravines (沟壑) in the mountainous region. If something appears abnormal, he and his team have to walk 30 kilometers to patrol the area for which they’re responsible. The oxygen concentration on the plateau is just half of that on the plains. “Although we lack oxygen, we never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline as soldiers,” says the 39-year-old, who began his mission at the age of 19. The job is more than just simply conducting a daily patrol. Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires. Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on. “Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful,” says Zhao Weiqiang, a soldier who has worked with Cui for 10 years. Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station. Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help alleviate the tedium (单调乏味). Despite the drawbacks, they still carry their sense of duty. “To guard the pipeline is our mission and I’m proud to do it,” says Zhao. 61. What’s the danger pipeline soldiers may face when a spillage occurs? (no more than 5 words) _________________________________________________________________ 62. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than 8 words) _________________________________________________________________ 63. Why do pipeline soldiers feel lonely? (no more than 6 words) _________________________________________________________________ 64. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word) _________________________________________________________________ 65. What do you think of these pipeline soldiers? Please explain. (no more than 20 words） _________________________________________________________________ 第三节：书面表达（满分25分） 66. 假如你是李津，你校的英语校报正在举行“Recommending Cultural Highlights”的征文活动，请写一篇征文，介绍一个中国具有文化特色的景点（如敦煌，三星堆等）。 内容要点： 1．简要介绍该景点的地理位置和重要地位； 2．介绍它的文化价值和影响； 3．呼吁大家保护相关文化遗产。 注意：​ 1．题目自拟。​ 2．词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024～2025学年度第二学期期末重点校联考 高二英语 本试卷分为第 Ⅰ 卷（选择题）和第 Ⅱ 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 150分，考试时间120分钟。 第I卷（共110分） 第一部分：听力（共15分） 第一节：（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do first? A. Wash his hands. B. Do some typing. C. Move the sofa. 2. Where will the boy go after school? A. The post office. B. The teahouse. C. His sister’s house. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dish. B. An artist. C. A country. 4. Why does Alice feel excited? A. She has won the first race. B. She has been chosen for the race. C. She has got a pair of running shoes. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She will buy a new car. B. She can’t find the garage. C. She dislikes the service. 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What does the man want the woman to do for him? A. Arrange a holiday. B. Cancel a trip. C. Find a hotel. 7. Why won’t the man go to the island? A. No entertainment is included. B. There are too many people. C. It’s far from the hotel. 8. How does the man sound in the end? A Rather excited. B. Quite grateful. C. A bit disappointed. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On the phone. B. At the office. C. In a restaurant. 10. What is the key to the whole operation in the woman’s view? A. Having early studies. B. Producing a good product. C. Getting a good import agent. 11 What does the woman decide to do? A. Meet the chief designer. B. Sell the product in Africa. C. Help the man with the report. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a lecture. B. Leading a tour. C. Hosting a talk show. 13 What does the factory produce? A. Fruits. B. Cakes. C. Candies. 14. What can people see on the first level? A. Workers are building the jelly bean sculpture. B. There are lots of unwanted materials. C. Robots are creating different statues. 15. What happened to many of the workers replaced by the robots? A. They were fired. B. They were given other jobs. C. They were sent to another factory. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节）（满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I have got the first prize in the VEX Robotics Competition. —_______________! Your efforts have paid off. A. Gook luck B. Come on C. Good for you D. Cheer up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。——我在VEX机器人大赛中获得一等奖。——好样的！你的努力得到了回报。A. Gook luck祝你好运；B. Come on（用于命令）快，加油，加把劲；C. Good for you真了不起，好样的；D. Cheer up加油。分析语境可知，上文中提到的是“在比赛中获得第一名”，由此可知，此处表达认可或者赞扬对方，所以“好样的，你真了不起”符合语境。故选C项。 2. I couldn't find my glasses, ________I have trouble seeing anything clearly. A. by which B. with which C. without which D. in which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我找不到我的眼镜了，没有它我看什么都有困难。此处为“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句。根据句意可知，空处介词为without，先行词是“my glasses”，在定语从句中作without的宾语。关系代词为which。故选C项。 3. She _____________ every offer of help and solved the issue by herself. A. turned on B. turned down C. turned out D. turned off 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了所有提供的帮助，自己解决了这个问题。A. turned on打开（电器、设备等）；B. turned down拒绝（提议、邀请等）；C. turned out证明是；结果是；D. turned off关闭（电器、设备等）。根据“and solved the issue by herself.”可知，她拒绝了每一个提供帮助的提议。故选B。 4. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ______ its superior quality. A. on top of B. in terms of C. on behalf of D. on account of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这种新产品因其卓越的品质而备受赞誉，并迅速占据了市场。A. on top of在……之上；B. in terms of就……而言；C. on behalf of代表；D. on account of因为。结合its superior quality可知，空格处应表达“因为”的意思，故用on account of。故选D。 5. Despite the vast knowledge that we have ________, there are still many unsolved natural mysteries out there. A. accumulated B. anticipated C. cooperated D. purchased 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们已经积累了大量的知识，但仍有许多未解的自然之谜存在着。A. accumulated积累；B. anticipated预期；C. cooperated合作；D. purchased购买。根据上文“the vast knowledge that we have”指积累了大量知识。故选A。 6. This company was the first ______ portable computer as well as visual telephone at that time. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这家公司是当时第一家生产便携式电脑和可视电话的公司。分析句子可知，这里考查the first + (n.) +to do sth.表“第一个做某事的（人）”，为固定搭配。所以这里应用不定式作后置定语。故选B项。 7. We should always keep in mind that accidents ________carelessness while driving. A. pass up B. weigh up C. arise from D. put off 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该时刻记住事故是由于开车时的粗心引起的。A. pass up错过；B. weigh up权衡；C. arise from由……产生，起因于；D. put off推迟。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语arise from“由……产生，起因于”，满足句意要求。故选C项。 8. Several years ago, I had a manager who ________ changed his mind about what he wanted. A. consistently B. constantly C. actually D. ultimately 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我有一位经理，他总是改变自己的想法，不知道自己到底想要什么。A. consistently一贯地，始终如一地；B. constantly频繁地，不断地；C. actually实际上；D. ultimately最终。根据句意和changed his mind可知，这里指这位经理不断地改变自己的想法，不知道自己想要什么。故选B项。 9. She advises that people be realistic and seek ________ from expert consultants. A. admission B. alternative C. guidance D. distribution 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她建议人们要现实一些，并寻求专家顾问的指导。A. admission承认，准许进入；B. alternative可供选择的事物；C. guidance指导；D. distribution分配，分发。根据“from expert consultants”可知，此处表示寻求专家顾问的“指导”，guidance符合句意。故选C项。 10. In my opinion, the topic is too difficult to understand. Try to simplify your speech ________ it goes beyond the children. A. even though B. now that C. so that D. in case 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这个话题太难理解了。尽量简化你的演讲，以免超出孩子们的理解范围。A. even though即使；B. now that既然；C. so that因此；D. in case以免。由语意可知，这个话题太难理解了，因此才建议要简化演讲，以免孩子听不懂。D选项符合题意。故选D项。 11. ________ in the floods, these animals made desperate efforts to escape, but some of them disappeared in water. A. Catching B. Caught C. Having caught D. To be caught 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些动物被洪水困住，拼命挣扎逃生，但有些却消失在了水中。句中已有谓语动词made，空处应填非谓语动词作状语，主语these animals和动词catch构成动宾关系，应用过去分词形式caught作状语。故选B。 12. —You ________ with your father before you decided. —Yes, but he was too busy to answer my phone. A. should consult B. must consult C. must have consulted D. should have consulted 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——在你做决定之前，你本应该和你父亲商量一下的。——是的，但是他太忙了，没接我的电话。A. should consult应该商量（一般现在时）；B. must consult必须商量（一般现在时）；C. must have consulted一定商量过（对过去情况的肯定推测）；D. should have consulted本应该商量（但实际上没有，对过去情况的虚拟）。根据答语“but he was too busy to answer my phone”可知，父亲没接电话，即实际上“我”在做决定之前没有和父亲商量，这里是对过去情况的虚拟，表达“本应该做某事但实际上没做”应该用“should have done”结构。故选D项。 13. The book has succeeded in making philosophy ________ to a wider audience. A. sufficient B. invisible C. accessible D. immoral 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书成功地使哲学为更广泛的读者所接受。A. sufficient足够的，充分的；B. invisible看不见的，隐形的；C. accessible易理解的，易接触到的；D. immoral不道德的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词accessible“易理解的，易接触到的”，满足句意要求。故选C项。 14. Didn’t it ever occur to you ________ the English poem was about? Understanding its theme is the most important thing. A. what B. that C. how D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你难道从来没想过这首英文诗是关于什么的吗？理解它的主题是最重要的。“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是空格处引导的主语从句，从句中缺少介词“about”的宾语，表示“关于什么”，应用what引导。故选A项。 15. Robin had to have his car repaired because it ______ seriously. A. has damaged B. has been damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Robin不得不修理他的车，因为车已经严重损坏了。根据句意可知，空处的动作发生在主句的动作had之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，动词damage与主语it之间存在被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D项。 第二节：完形填空：（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31—50题中所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Nick was not the kind of boy I had expected to spend my summer with. I was hoping to have some ____16____ the summer before my busy senior year, but my mother asked me to do her a ____17____. One of her colleagues needed a full-time ____18____. “You planned to volunteer at the local hospital, why not volunteer to ____19____ Nick instead?” Then she told me that this six-year-old boy was not a ____20____ child. Nick was a lovely little boy who suffered from many disorders. Normal day-care centers would not ____21____ him. As a baby, he had serious ear infections which left him with equilibrium（平衡）problems. He couldn’t ____22____ or run properly. I was ____23____ if I was to take the job when my mother ____24____, “Don’t you want to be a nurse in the future? I doubt if you even have the ____25____.” Then I told her I was ____26____ for the job. The day started at 7:00 a.m. Nick was my wake-up call! With so much energy and very little ____27____, he was quite a mix. At the park, when he saw all the other children play on the jungle gym and swings, the boy’s face ____28____up—How he wished he belonged to the group of his age! You would think it would be ____29____ to get a child to go down a slide. Believe me, it wasn’t! It took time, a lot of time. But with patience and support, Nick took one step up the slide each day. We worked together to face his ____30____ and gradually he got closer to taking the slide of his life. Halfway through the summer, he ____31____ it to the top of the slide. With my arms holding him tightly, we flew down the slide! I waited for his ____32____. After realizing that he was safe and sound, he gave me a big ____33____ and asked, “May I go down again, alone?” I had never been happier in my life when I saw this little child climb the ladder and enjoy what other children ____34____ for granted. This ____35____ child taught me that being a nurse means respect, kindness and patience. 16. A. grade B. course C. project D. relaxation 17. A. service B. favour C. business D. trade 18. A. nurse B. waitress C. guard D. guide 19. A. protect B. assist C. attend D. comfort 20. A. normal B. naughty C. clever D. happy 21. A. admit B. receive C. accept D. adopt 22. A. speak B. play C. stand D. walk 23. A. hesitating B. wondering C. questioning D. asking 24. A. suggested B. argued C. challenged D. commented 25. A. energy B. courage C. faith D. time 26. A. eager B. sorry C. grateful D. ready 27. A. awareness B. balance C. knowledge D. appeal 28. A. delighted B. turned C. lighted D. shuts 29. A. demanding B. simple C. interesting D. flexible 30. A. fears B. worries C. chances D. happiness 31. A. climbed B. got C. managed D. made 32. A. laughter B. reaction C. answer D. greeting 33. A. kiss B. clap C. welcome D. surprise 34. A. play B. do C. take D. enjoy 35. A. miserable B. smart C. lucky D. special 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者利用一个暑假照顾一个身体不健康的孩子，从中得到了一些从来没有过的快乐。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望在我繁忙的高三之前的暑假能放松一下。A. grade等级，成绩；B. course课程；C. project工程，项目；D. relaxation放松，缓和。根据后文的before my busy senior year可知，作者想要在忙碌的日子到来前先放松一下。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我妈妈让我帮她一个忙。A. service服务；B. favour偏爱，赞同；C. business商业，生意；D. trade贸易，交易。固定短语，do sb. a favour帮某人忙。符合句意。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的一个同事需要一名全职护士。A. nurse护士；B. waitress女服务员；C. guard守卫，警卫；D. guide指南，向导。根据后面的You planned to volunteer at the local hospital可知，母亲的一个同事需要一个全职的护士。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你本来打算去当地医院做志愿者的，为什么不去做志愿者照顾尼克呢？A. protect保护；B. assist协助，帮助；C. attend照顾，出席；D. comfort安慰，舒适。根据上下文，因为她以后是做一个护士，所以可以现在帮忙照顾nick。attend sb. 意为照顾某人。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她告诉我这个六岁的男孩不是一个正常的孩子。A. normal正常的，正规的；B. naughty淘气的；C. clever聪明的；D. happy开心的。上下文，根据后文可知，nick与平常的孩子不一样，所以此处指的是他不是一个正常的孩子。normal意为正常的。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：普通的护理中心不会接受他。A. admit承认；B. receive收到，接收；C. accept接受；D. adopt采取。根据Normal day-care centers可知普通的护理中心不接受他。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能正常地走路或跑步。A. speak说；B. play玩，打；C. stand站立；D. walk走路。根据后面的run properly，可知此处指的他不能很好地行走或者跑步。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在犹豫是否要接受这份工作。A. hesitating犹豫；B. wondering想知道，感到；C. questioning怀疑，询问；D. asking问。根据if可知她在犹豫是否接受这份工作。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我母亲质疑道：“你将来不想当护士吗？……”A. suggested建议；B. argued争论；C. challenged质疑；D. commented发表意见。根据后面母亲说的话I doubt if you even have the ____10____.可知，她是在怀疑作者。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑你是否有勇气。A. energy精力，能量；B. courage勇气，胆量；C. faith信念，信仰；D. time时间。母亲在怀疑怀疑你是否有这样的勇气。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我告诉她我已经准备好了。A. eager渴望的，热心的；B. sorry遗憾的，抱歉的；C. grateful感恩的；D. ready准备好的，现成的。根据后文的内容可知，作者接受了这份工作，所以此处她说我准备好了接受这份工作了。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他精力充沛，但平衡感差 。A. awareness意识；B. balance平衡；C. knowledge知识；D. appeal呼吁，申诉，恳求。根据前文的As a baby, he had serious ear infections which left him with equilibrium（平衡）problems可知，他在平衡方面有问题。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的脸上露出了喜悦之情。A. delighted愉快，高兴；B. turned转动，使变成；C. lighted点亮，点燃；D. shuts关闭，关上。根据前文At the park, when he saw all the other children play on the jungle gym and swings, the boy’s face.可知，短语light up意为面部呈现高兴的表情。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会认为让孩子从滑梯上滑下来很简单。 A. demanding难满足的，苛求的，要求高的；B. simple简单的；C. interesting有趣的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后面的it wasn’t! It took time, a lot of time.可知，你可能会认为让孩子去滑滑梯是很简单的。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一起努力去面对他的恐惧。A. fears害怕；B. worries忧虑，担心；C. chances机会，机遇；D. happiness快乐，幸福。根据上下文，因为他没有很好的平衡性，所以他在玩滑梯的时候会害怕，所以作者跟他一起面对滑梯时候的害怕。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天过了一半，他爬到了滑梯的顶端。A. climbed攀爬；B. got得到；C. managed设法做到；D. made造成，制造。此处指的是他终于成功地爬到了滑梯的顶部，manage it=make it =succeed。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我等着他的反应。A. laughter笑，笑声；B. reaction反应，感应；C. answer答案；D. greeting问候，招呼。根据下文After realizing that he was safe and sound, he gave me a big ____18____ and…描述了他的反应，可知此处表示我在等着看他对此有什么反应。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我一个大大的吻。A. kiss吻；B. clap鼓掌，拍手声；C. welcome欢迎，迎接；D. surprise惊喜。根据After realizing that he was safe and sound可知孩子高兴的不得了，亲了作者一下。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到这个孩子爬上梯子，享受着其他孩子认为理所当然的东西时，我一生中从未如此快乐过。A. play扮演，播放；B. do做；C. take认为；D. enjoy享受。固定搭配，take sth. for granted 认为……是理所当然的。符合句意。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个特殊的孩子教会了我，护士意味着尊重、善良和耐心。A. miserable悲惨的，痛苦的；B. smart聪明的；C. lucky幸运的；D. special特别的。根据上文可知，nick跟平常的孩子不一样，因此他是一个特殊的孩子。故选D。 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 A From roller coasters to adventure tours performances to experiments, there are plenty of exciting attractions in the UK. Here is our pick of the best attractions that children can visit. The Natural History Museum Why go: This really is the grandfather of all London museums — the beauty of the building and the amazing exhibits. Look out for the whale skeleton (骨架) occupying the entry hall, but don’t miss the largest piece of gold (or a model of it)in the minerals gallery. You can easily spend a day here — tasty steaks, sandwiches and pizzas. Try to avoid weekends, because the crowds are larger. Best for: Children aged 5 and over. If time is limited, families should go quickly and directly towards the dinosaur gallery, because it’s really wonderful. Details: Entry is free, although there is a charge for some temporary exhibitions. Legoland Why go: Some 80 million Lego bricks have gone into the creation of this colourful park. There are thrilling rides and countless ways to spend money in shops. Yes, the queues can be long (unless you pay extra for the queue-jumping equipment, which is useful though it does not cover all rides). Best for: Legoland is aimed at children under 10s, with pre-schoolers particularly well catered for in Duplo Valley. Details: £32 per person; under 3s go free. 25 per cent discount for booking online more than seven days in advance. Warner Bros Studio Tour London — The Making of Harry Potter Why go: You’ve read the books, you’ve watched the films, but no Harry Potter fan will want to miss the chance to go behind the scenes at the film studios where all eight of the movies were made. Sharing the secrets behind the most successful film series of all time and yet still managing to keep the sense of magic alive, this studio tour gives visitors access to two locations filled with original sets and costumes. Best for: Children aged 7 and over and anyone with an interest in filmmaking. Details: £39 adults; £31 children; under 4s go free. 36 What can we know about the natural history museum? A. It’s a newly opened museum. B. The dinosaur gallery is highly recommended. C People can see the whale skeleton in the minerals gallery. D. People only need a short time to visit the whole museum. 37. Which tourist attraction offers a favorable price if you book in advance? A. The natural history museum. B. The dinosaur gallery. C. Legoland. D. The making of Harry Potter. 38. Where may Harry Potter fans want to travel? A. London museums. B. Duplo Valley. C. The minerals gallery. D. Warner Bros Studio Tour London. 39. What do the three tourist attractions have in common? A. All of them are suitable for an eight-year-old child to visit. B. The queue — jumping equipment is used in all of them. C. They are all movie-based theme attractions. D. They all serve delicious food. 40. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The natural history museum is closed on weekends. B. Duplo Valley is very attractive to primary school children. C. People need to pay a charge in the natural history museum in certain cases. D. An adult with a three-year-old child should pay 70 pounds to visit the studio tour. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个适合孩子参观的最佳景点。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Natural History Museum部分“If time is limited, families should go quickly and directly towards the dinosaur gallery, because it’s really wonderful.(如果时间有限，家庭应迅速且直接地前往恐龙展厅，因为那里的展览真的很棒)”可知，自然历史博物馆恐龙展厅非常值得一看。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Legoland部分“25 per cent discount for booking online more than seven days in advance.(提前七天以上在线预订可享受25%的折扣)”可知，如果提前预订的话，莱格兰乐园票价会比较优惠。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Warner Bros Studio Tour London — The Making of Harry Potter部分“You’ve read the books, you’ve watched the films, but no Harry Potter fan will want to miss the chance to go behind the scenes at the film studios where all eight of the movies were made.(你已经读过相关书籍，也看过相关影片，但任何一位《哈利·波特》的粉丝都不会愿意错过亲临拍摄这些八部影片的电影制片厂的机会)”可知，哈利·波特的粉丝们会想去伦敦华纳兄弟工作室之旅。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“Best for: Children aged 5 and over.(适合人群：5岁及以上儿童)”；第二部分“Best for: Legoland is aimed at children under 10s, with pre-schoolers particularly well catered for in Duplo Valley.(适合人群：乐高乐园专为10岁以下的儿童设计，其中多乐乐谷区域尤其适合学龄前儿童游玩)”以及第三部分“Best for: Children aged 7 and over and anyone with an interest in filmmaking.(适合人群：7岁及以上儿童以及对电影制作感兴趣的任何人)”可知，所有这些景点都适合八岁的孩子去参观。故选A。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据The Natural History Museum部分“Details: Entry is free, although there is a charge for some temporary exhibitions.(详情：入场免费，但部分临时展览会有收费项目)”可知，在某些情况下，人们需要在自然历史博物馆支付费用。故选C。 B Standing at the finish line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race. Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event. Fearing that he wouldn’t be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for this “hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1000-kilometer race that was recognized as the world’s longest horse race by The Guinness Book of Records in 2011. He confirmed his belief that preparation can surpass youth, as some of the other riders were less prepared. Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. The race organizers had provided an extensive support network to keep an eye on the participants from afar. Despite that, the physical strain of riding such a long distance made simple things like squatting (蹲) down at the end of the day almost impossible. Along the vast race course there were unpredictable circumstances beyond Long’s control, however well prepared he’d been. Weather was one of them, which could switch from heavy rain to burning unexpectedly. Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. Without a living soul in sight, Long was desperate for interaction, guidance, and comfort. This feeling of loneliness accounted for his hope that one of his fellow competitors would catch up. Regardless of the hardship, Long felt a sort of spiritual adventure while traveling through the wilderness. He was provided with some memorable moments while connecting with nature. He also grew to love the country and the communities along the route. Still holding the passion for riding, Long never dismisses the idea of competing in another Mongol Derby. 41. What distinguished Bob Long from other competitors in the Mongol Derby? A. He rode the whole race course alone. B. He completed the toughest part of the course. C. He was the oldest participant of the horse race. D. He was most likely to enter the competition again. 42. What does the underlined word “grueling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Unpredictable but memorable. B. Difficult and exhausting. C. Comfortable and pleasant. D. Romantic but time-consuming. 43. Why did Bob Long decide to enter the Mongol Derby?​ A. He wanted to break the Guinness World Record.​ B. He was encouraged by a movie about the race.​ C. He believed his years of riding experience would guarantee victory.​ D. He was eager to explore the Mongolian grassland. 44. What was the biggest challenge that Long faced during the race? A. The changeable weather. B. The mental state in the course. C. The difficulty in finding the right route. D. The physical strain of riding a long distance. 45. What is the text mainly about? A. An introduction to the Mongol Derby. B. A review of a film based on the longest horse race. C. The experience of the Mongol Derby’s oldest winner. D. The preparations before a long and difficult horse race. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. B 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒙古德比（Mongol Derby）赛马比赛中，最年长的参赛者和获胜者鲍勃·朗（Bob Long）的经历。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race.(这位美国人刚刚成为有史以来完成并赢得世界上最长赛马比赛蒙古德比的年龄最大的人)”可知，鲍勃·朗区别于其他赛马选手的是他是最年长的参赛者。故选C。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。第二段提到“a movie based on the grueling event.(以grueling赛事为原型的电影)”，紧接着第三段进一步解释这个比赛，根据第三段中的“Fearing that he wouldn’t be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for this “hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1000-kilometer race that was recognized as the world’s longest horse race by The Guinness Book of Records in 2011.(由于担心自己无法完成比赛，他开始为这场‘在马上能做的最困难、最艰难、要求最高的事情’做好身心准备，这是一场一年一度的1000公里的比赛，2011年被吉尼斯世界纪录认定为世界上最长的赛马)”可知，该赛马比赛是一场最艰难、要求最高的比赛，推测划线单词grueling的意思是“艰难的、使人精疲力竭的”，和选项B意思一致。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event.(朗一生都是骑手，他在观看了以这场艰苦赛事为原型的电影《所有的野马》后参加了比赛。)”可知，鲍勃·朗决定参加蒙古德比是受一部关于这场比赛的电影的鼓舞。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind.(最重要的是，最大的障碍是精神状态)”可知，对鲍勃·朗来说，最大的挑战是在比赛过程中的精神状态。故选B。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Standing at the finish line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race.(站在终点线上，70岁的鲍勃·朗花了一段时间反思自己刚刚取得的成就。在他身后，是一片辽阔、一望无际的蒙古草原。这位美国人刚刚成为有史以来完成并赢得世界上最长赛马比赛蒙古德比的年龄最大的人)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了最年长的赛马选手鲍勃·朗赢得比赛的经历。故选C。 C Goldfish are known for their terrible memories. One common saying even says that they only have a three-second memory. Despite having no scientific basis, it has spread for many years. “What is confusing is that it’s pretty much the same wherever you go in the world,” Culumn Brown, an expert in fish, said. “In some places, it’s two seconds, and in others, it’s ten, but it’s always short.” However, is that really the case? Brown has studied the intelligence of fish, including goldfish, for more than 25 years. He said, “In reality, goldfish are often used as a common model for studying memory and learning in fish because of their good performance. And there are thousands of studies on goldfish.” For example, if goldfish are fed at only one side of their tank (缸)，they will quickly learn and remember to stay at that side at feeding times no matter whether they are actually fed. Similarly, if they are trained to push a red tool instead of the blue one, they will continue to show a preference for that color long after the experiment is finished. Despite these studies, people’s views on goldfish haven’t changed much. A big reason for this is that most people do not come across live fish in their daily life. And even when they do, people don’t spend time with fish the way that they do with other animals like cats. What’s more, people’s guilt (内疚) may be another factor in thinking poorly of goldfish’s memory. It makes them feel good about putting goldfish in a small tank. Goldfish properly cared for can live for 20 years, so owners might want to consider getting their pets large tanks with many objects and other fish, as well as taking the time to play games with them and teach them skills. After all, your goldfish might remember certain experiences for years to come. 46. What is pointed out about goldfish in the first paragraph? A. People worldwide like to keep them as pets. B. Their strange behavior confuses lots of people. C. Some studies have proved their terrible memories. D. Misunderstanding about their memory is common. 47. Why does the author mention the two examples in paragraph 2? A. To prove goldfish are easy to raise. B. To show goldfish have a good memory. C. To describe how goldfish form good eating habits. D. To explain why goldfish are smarter than other animals. 48. What may make people’s view on goldfish remain unchanged? A. The bad influence of goldfish on other fish. B. The poor relationship between goldfish and cats. C. People’s doubts about research and dislike for goldfish D. People’s unfamiliarity with goldfish and wish to reduce guilt. 49. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Pet owners are supposed to treat goldfish better. B. Pet owners ought to send goldfish back to sea. C. Mixing goldfish with other fish species is unwise. D. Raising goldfish is good for people’s mental health. 50. What may be the best title for the text? A. Are goldfish the smartest fish? B. Is it right to keep goldfish in a small tank? C. Do goldfish really have a short memory? D. Why are goldfish chosen for research? 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们普遍认为金鱼记忆力差，但研究表明并非如此。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Goldfish are known for their terrible memories. One common saying even says that they only have a three-second memory. Despite having no scientific basis, it has spread for many years. (金鱼以其糟糕的记忆力而“闻名”。甚至有句常见的俗语说，它们的记忆只有三秒。尽管这一说法毫无科学依据，但却流传多年。)”可知，关于金鱼的记忆的误解很常见。故选D。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For example, if goldfish are fed at only one side of their tank(缸)，they will quickly learn and remember to stay at that side at feeding times no matter whether they are actually fed. Similarly, if they are trained to push a red tool instead of the blue one, they will continue to show a preference for that color long after the experiment is finished.(例如，如果只在鱼缸的一侧喂金鱼，它们会很快学会并记住在喂食时呆在那一边，不管它们是否真的被喂食。同样，如果训练它们推动红色工具而不是蓝色工具，即使在实验结束后很长时间，它们仍会继续表现出对红色的偏好。)”可知，作者在第二段中提到两个例子是为了表明金鱼记忆力好。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A big reason for this is that most people do not come across live fish in their daily life. And even when they do, people don’t spend time with fish the way that they do with other animals like cats. What’s more, people’s guilt (内疚) may be another factor in thinking poorly of goldfish’s memory. It makes them feel good about putting goldfish in a small tank.(一个主要原因是，大多数人在日常生活中不会遇到活鱼。即使他们遇到了，人们也不会像对待猫等其他动物那样花时间和鱼在一起。更重要的是，人们的内疚可能是认为金鱼记忆力差的另一个因素。这让他们觉得把金鱼放在小鱼缸里感觉很好。)”可知，人们对金鱼的不熟悉和希望减轻内疚感可能使人们对金鱼的看法保持不变。故选D。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Goldfish properly cared for can live for 20 years, so owners might want to consider getting their pets large tanks with many objects and other fish, as well as taking the time to play games with them and teach them skills.(如果照顾得当，金鱼可以活20年，所以主人可能会考虑给他们的宠物准备一个有很多物品和其他鱼的大鱼缸，以及花时间和它们玩游戏，教它们技能。)”可知，作者认为宠物主人应该更好地对待金鱼。故选A。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“One common saying even says that they only have a three-second memory. Despite having no scientific basis, it has spread for many years.(甚至有句常见的俗语说，它们的记忆只有三秒。尽管这一说法毫无科学依据，但却流传多年。)”以及最后一段中“After all, your goldfish might remember certain experiences for years to come.(毕竟，你的金鱼可能会在未来几年记住某些经历。)”可知，文章主要讨论了金鱼是否真的只有短暂的记忆，因此最佳标题是“Do goldfish really have a short memory?(金鱼真的只有短暂的记忆力吗？)”。故选C。 D As is known to everyone, the options we make have an effect on our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice! However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your character changes or grows, or diminishes depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice. And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation. Some will argue this is not true. After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything? There is some truth in this. We are thrown into life without any say over the matter, and have little control over most of it. However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances. We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up. This ability to choose how we behave and respond is a great gift. It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You can’t entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, formed by years of making good choices, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of. At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future. 51. What example does the author use to illustrate the impact of bad choices on the future?​ A. A student who fails to get into university due to laziness despite good academic potential.​ B. A person who can’t choose their birthplace and family background.​ C. Someone who gives up easily during hard times.​ D. An individual who is afraid of the unknown future.​ 52. What can we infer from the passage?​ A. We have no control over any aspect of our lives except making choices.​ B. Good character formed by making wise choices gives us confidence in the future.​ C. External factors like birthplace and family background have no impact on our life.​ D. Small choices in daily life don’t matter in shaping our character. 53. In the author’s opinion, what is the most important thing we can control in life?​ A. When and where to be born.​ B. Whether our families will be rich or poor.​ C. How we respond to different circumstances.​ D. Who we will meet in our lives. 54. According to the passage, why are our choices closely related to our future?​ A. Because choices directly decide our social status.​ B. Because choices can influence our character which determines our future.​ C. Because making choices helps us gain more control over external circumstances.​ D. Because every choice we make ensures a successful future. 55. What is the main idea of the passage?​ A. The ways to make good choices in different situations.​ B. The uncontrollable factors existing in our life.​ C. The significant relationship between our choices, character and future.​ D. The importance of having confidence in the future. 【答案】51. A 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是人生选择、性格塑造与未来发展的密切关系，强调通过明智的选择培养优秀品格，以增强对未来的信心。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice!(假设我是一个聪明且成绩优异的学生。但另一方面，由于我过于懒惰，我在考试中表现不佳。我被大学拒绝录取，也找不到一份好工作。我所想象的美好未来将永远无法实现。这一切都源于一个错误的选择！)”可知，作者用“一个尽管有良好的学习潜力但因懒惰而未能考上大学的学生”来说明错误选择对未来的不良影响。故选A。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your character changes or grows, or diminishes depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice. And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.(然而，你的选择对你的未来所产生的影响要复杂得多。这是因为你所做出的几乎每一个选择都会影响你的性格。你的性格通过你的选择得以展现，同时也由这些选择所塑造。无论何时做出选择，你的性格都会随着选择的变化而改变、成长或者衰退，这取决于你所做出的决定是明智还是愚蠢。你的性格是在你一点一滴的选择中逐渐形成的。因此，你会成为在特定情境下会做出某种特定选择的那种人)”以及倒数第二段“You can’t entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, formed by years of making good choices, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of.(你无法完全掌控明天会发生什么。但如果你对自己的性格充满信心，这种自信源自于多年来所做的正确选择，那么你就能够确切地知道关于未来的一件事：无论发生什么，你都会做出一个让自己感到自豪的选择)”可知，通过做出明智选择而形成的良好品质会让我们对未来充满信心。故选B。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances. We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up.(然而，我们确实拥有一定的选择权，并且我们确实能够掌控最重要的事情：我们如何应对各种情况。我们可以选择在艰难时期继续努力奋斗，也可以选择放弃)”可知，在作者看来，在生活中我们能够掌控的最重要的事情是如何应对不同的情况。故选C。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future.(所以，在每一个时刻，当你做出选择时，都要努力塑造自己的性格，哪怕这些选择看起来微不足道。要记住：你的选择塑造了你的性格。而你的性格决定了你的未来)”可知，我们的选择与我们的未来息息相关是因为选择能够影响我们的性格，而性格决定了我们的未来。故选B。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future.(所以，在每一个时刻，当你做出选择时，都要努力塑造自己的性格，哪怕这些选择看起来微不足道。要记住：你的选择塑造了你的性格。而你的性格决定了你的未来)”结合文章指出我们所做的选择可能会以一种复杂的方式影响你的未来，因为你的选择和性格相互影响，最终影响未来。论述了性格和选择之间相互影响相互作用的关系。可知，这篇文章的主要观点是我们的选择、性格与未来之间存在着重要的关联。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 （共40分） 第四部分：写作 第一节：单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 56. Every child has the _________(潜力) to succeed; it’s up to educators to help them unlock it.​ (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】potential 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个孩子都有成功的潜力，能否帮助他们发掘这种潜力，取决于教育工作者。根据句意和中文提示，表示“潜力”应用potential，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填potential。 57. Einstein was regarded as a g_________ for his revolutionary theories in physics.​ (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】genius##enius 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：爱因斯坦因其在物理学领域的开创性理论而被誉为天才。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用名词genius，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填genius。 58. We have always been told to eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins that can help to s__________ our immune system. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】strengthen##trengthen 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们一直被告知要多吃水果和蔬菜，因为它们富含维生素，有助于增强我们的免疫系统。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用动词strengthen，此处为不定式作宾语，故填strengthen。 59. Ancient Greek _________(文明) made significant contributions to philosophy, art, and science.​ (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】civilization##civilisation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：古希腊文明在哲学、艺术和科学方面做出了重大贡献。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词civilization/civilization“文明”为不可数名词，作主语，满足句意要求。故填civilization/civilisation。 60. Only those who have passed the strict training can be considered q______ for the challenging job. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】qualified##ualified 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有那些通过了严格训练的人才能被认为有资格从事这项具有挑战性的工作。根据“Only those who have passed the strict training”可知，通过了严格训练的人才能被认为有资格，结合首字母提示，用形容词qualified作主语补足语，意为“有资格的，胜任的”。故填qualified。 第二节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。 Soldier Cui Xinze’s mission is to guard the pipeline that transports refined oil from Golmud in Qinghai to Lhasa in Tibet Autonomous Region, a vital artery (干线) that is called a “lifeline” for Tibet. His day begins with a three-hour patrol to check for leaks (泄露) along the pipeline, which crosses rivers and ravines (沟壑) in the mountainous region. If something appears abnormal, he and his team have to walk 30 kilometers to patrol the area for which they’re responsible. The oxygen concentration on the plateau is just half of that on the plains. “Although we lack oxygen, we never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline as soldiers,” says the 39-year-old, who began his mission at the age of 19. The job is more than just simply conducting a daily patrol. Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires. Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on. “Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful,” says Zhao Weiqiang, a soldier who has worked with Cui for 10 years. Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station. Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help alleviate the tedium (单调乏味). Despite the drawbacks, they still carry their sense of duty. “To guard the pipeline is our mission and I’m proud to do it,” says Zhao. 61. What’s the danger pipeline soldiers may face when a spillage occurs? (no more than 5 words) _________________________________________________________________ 62. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than 8 words) _________________________________________________________________ 63. Why do pipeline soldiers feel lonely? (no more than 6 words) _________________________________________________________________ 64. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word) _________________________________________________________________ 65. What do you think of these pipeline soldiers? Please explain. (no more than 20 words） _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】61. They may get burnt. Or: They may face possible fires. Or: They may lose their lives. 62. Cui works in an extremely cold environment. Or: Cui’s working environment is extremely cold. 63. Because they live a boring life. Or: Because their life is boring. 64. Ease /Relieve/Reduce. 65. They are responsible. They overcome difficulties and risk their lives to protect the pipeline, which shows their sense of duty. Or: They are devoted. Despite hard working conditions, they never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline . 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了崔新泽等士兵守卫青藏成品油管道，每日巡逻、应对泄漏，忍受缺氧、严寒与孤独，仍坚守使命，但是他们仍然为这份工作自豪。 【61题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Sometimes when a spillage (泄露) occurs, it can mean extreme danger, and it requires the guards to plug (堵) the leak and expose themselves to possible fires.(有时一旦发生泄漏，就可能意味着极其严重的危险，这时就需要守卫人员去堵住泄漏点，并冒着可能引发火灾的风险进行作业)”可知，一旦发生泄漏，管道士兵可能会被烧伤。或者：他们可能会面临可能发生的火灾。或者：他们可能会失去生命。故答案为They may get burnt. Or: They may face possible fires. Or: They may lose their lives. 【62题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第五段“Apart from a lack of oxygen, they have to struggle with the bitter cold. The temperature can fall as low as -40 ℃ in winter and they have to patrol regularly, despite the strong wind and snow. Although it’s summer, the station where Cui is based has its heating system on.(除了缺氧的问题之外，他们还得应对严寒的天气。冬季时气温会低至零下40摄氏度，而他们仍需定期巡逻，尽管风雪很大。尽管现在是夏天，但崔所在的站点却启用了供暖系统)”可知，第五段的主要观点是崔工作在一个极其寒冷的环境中。或者：崔的工作环境极其寒冷。故答案为Cui works in an extremely cold environment. Or: Cui’s working environment is extremely cold. 【63题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Day after day, they walk the same route, do the same exercise and even have the same meals, since food is not easy to transport to their station.(日复一日，他们沿着相同的路线行走，做着同样的训练，甚至吃着同样的饭菜，因为食物很难运送到他们的站点)”可知，管道工人会感到孤独是因为他们过着枯燥的生活。或者：因为他们的生活很枯燥。故答案为Because they live a boring life. Or: Because their life is boring. 【64题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据最后一段“Compared with the physical pain we have to endure, the loneliness is more painful(与我们必须忍受的肉体上的痛苦相比，孤独所带来的痛苦要更为深重)”以及划线词上文“Now they’re trying to cultivate vegetables and raise animals at their station to help(现在他们正试图在站点里种植蔬菜和饲养动物)”可知，种植蔬菜和饲养动物是为了减轻/缓解/减少孤独感。故划线词意思是“减轻/缓解/减少”。故答案为Ease /Relieve/Reduce. 【65题详解】 考查开放题。根据“你觉得这些管道工人怎么样？请详细说说。”可回答：他们有责任感。他们克服困难，冒着生命危险保护管道，这体现了他们的责任感。或者：他们很忠诚。尽管工作条件艰苦，但他们从不缺乏守护管道的信念和热情。故答案为They are responsible. They overcome difficulties and risk their lives to protect the pipeline, which shows their sense of duty. Or: They are devoted. Despite hard working conditions, they never lack the faith and passion to guard the pipeline. 第三节：书面表达（满分25分） 66. 假如你是李津，你校的英语校报正在举行“Recommending Cultural Highlights”的征文活动，请写一篇征文，介绍一个中国具有文化特色的景点（如敦煌，三星堆等）。 内容要点： 1．简要介绍该景点的地理位置和重要地位； 2．介绍它的文化价值和影响； 3．呼吁大家保护相关文化遗产。 注意：​ 1．题目自拟。​ 2．词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dunhuang: A Treasure of Chinese Culture Dunhuang, located in the northwestern part of China, is a city with a long history and rich culture. It was a crucial stop on the ancient Silk Road, playing a significant role in promoting international trade and cultural exchanges in history. The most famous attraction in Dunhuang is undoubtedly the Mogao Grottoes, which are well-known for murals and painted sculptures. The murals cover a wide range of subjects, ranging from religious stories to scenes of everyday life. The artworks in the caves have provided valuable materials for scholars around the world to study ancient Chinese art, religion, history, and culture. They have also influenced the development of art and culture in many countries along the Silk Road. However, these precious cultural relics are facing threats. Therefore, it is our responsibility to take effective measures to protect them. We should raise public awareness of cultural heritage protection. Only in this way can we ensure that this magnificent cultural treasure can be passed down to future generations. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李津的身份，为校英语校报“推荐文化亮点”征文活动写一篇文章，介绍一个中国具有文化特色的景点，涵盖其地理位置、重要地位、文化价值与影响，并呼吁保护相关文化遗产。 【详解】1.词汇积累 至关重要的：crucial → vital 促进：promote → advance 著名的：well-known → renowned 宝贵的：precious → valuable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Dunhuang, located in the northwestern part of China, is a city with a long history and rich culture. 拓展句：Dunhuang, which is located in the northwestern part of China, is a city with a long history and rich culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The most famous attraction in Dunhuang is undoubtedly the Mogao Grottoes, which are well-known for murals and painted sculptures.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only in this way can we ensure that this magnificent cultural treasure can be passed down to future generations.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和Only放在开头的倒装句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$