精品解析：广东省惠州市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

惠州市2024-2025学年第二学期高一期末考试 英语 本卷共8页 考试时间：120分钟 满分：130分 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kindergarten Teaching Volunteer Program in Sri Lanka Are you seeking influential volunteering opportunities? Join our year-round Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka and change young lives as a volunteer-teacher. Make a difference in Galle, where you’ll help children build necessary skills while engaging yourself in the amazing culture and impressive natural beauty of Sri Lanka. Reasons for your participation (参与) : Many students want to learn languages like English, but they often struggle because resources are limited and costs are high. By joining our Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka, you’ll use your teaching expertise to create new opportunities for language learning. Your efforts will touch the hearts of Sri Lankan children and make language teaching more accessible and affordable. Details: Volunteer Tasks: Assisting with lesson planning; Providing classroom support; Teaching basic skills; Arranging extracurricular activities; Sharing your expertise. Types: Both a solo volunteer and part of a team are welcome. Working Time: From Monday to Friday. Steps to join: Select a program. Complete your online application. Get ready for departure (离开). Arrive in Sri Lanka as a volunteer. Discover and enjoy the wonders. Heartwarming tips: Sri Lanka is a very safe country, where the warm hospitality (好客) and amazing culture make you feel right at home. We are devoted to assisting you and ensuring your safety at every step of your journey. We cover daily expenses to place and house volunteers effectively, including placement services, administrative support, and the ongoing support of our projects across Sri Lanka. 1. What’s the purpose of Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka? A. To introduce Sri Lankan culture to volunteers. B. To help with the language teaching in Sri Lanka. C. To improve teaching skills of volunteer teachers. D. To provide living supplies to the Sri Lankan children. 2. What can we learn about the volunteer program? A. Volunteers are required to work on weekends. B. Group volunteers are preferred in application. C. Volunteers should complete their application after arrival. D. Volunteers should provide wide-ranging educational support. 3. What does the program provide to the volunteers? A. Free flight to Sri Lanka. B. Awards for language teaching. C. Safety support and daily expenses. D. Promised job offers after volunteering. B On the morning of April 20th, I woke up in a panic (恐慌), thinking it was 6 am, but in reality, it was still 3 am. I had a vivid dream where I had overslept. This kind of dream often occurred before important events. Even though I knew I was well-prepared, I couldn’t shake off the worry. After a restless sleep filled with more anxious dreams, my alarm finally went off. I met my friend Jenny and we took an Uber to the race site. The first half marathon was unknown to us. The race began, and we navigated (穿过) through a lush forest. We celebrated each mile, but after some tough uphill sections, I began to worry about making it through. As we approached the halfway point, we were cheered on by other runners, which encouraged us further. The downhill journey back was amazing, and we cruised through the second half, deciding to hold hands and cross the finish line together. To our surprise, we won our age and gender group! After the race, we were overjoyed but faced a minor problem — no cellphone service to call an Uber back. Luckily, we met Lisa, Amy, and Robin, fellow runners who offered us a ride. During the car ride, we shared stories about running and life. They inspired me with their passion for running and traveling the world. I loved how running was a universal language that connected people with shared goals of being outdoors and meeting new people. Their attitudes showed me that adulthood could be full of surprises and joy. The half marathon has taught me that the best experiences do not come from the familiar and safe. I’ve realized that I’ll be able to overcome many other unknown challenges of adulthood. I don’t know what they are yet, but my new friends have shown me that adulthood has many beautiful surprises waiting. I can’t wait to see what the next 13.1miles of life will bring. 4. What can we know about the author from the first paragraph? A. Her short sleeping time made her panic. B. She often failed to make full preparations. C. Her alarm clock had a problem now and then. D. She often worried about approaching occasions. 5. What does the underlined word “cruised” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Raced effortlessly. B. Moved passively. C. Struggled painfully. D. Walked aimlessly. 6. Which of the following can best describe the car ride? A. Silent and embarrassing. B. Inspiring and connecting. C. Impressive but unbearable. D. Smooth but uncomfortable. 7. What does the author’s experience show? A. Welcome the unknown. B. Better late than never. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Every coin has two sides. C When you remember a chocolate bar in a desk drawer, your brain might not just be recalling it — it could be actively pushing you to seek it out. A recent study of Monell Chemical Senses Center suggests that specific neurons (神经元) in the brain record the sensory and emotional details of energy-rich food. In mice, these neurons set off desire, leading to overeating — even when the animals weren’t hungry. Though the research was conducted in animals, it supports that memories of fat and sugar can quietly shape our eating behavior — often without our awareness. In early human history, when energy was rare, we learned to use sensory signals — smell, sight, and location to identify energy-rich foods. After eating, the brain stores that information along with how the food made us feel. That influence dopamine (多巴胺) release in the brain’s reward pathways and the brain then updates the value of a food based on this information. When you meet the flavor (风味) again, the memory activates, stirring up a desire. Memories of fat and sugar are stored via separate reward pathways, both leading to dopamine. Foods that combine fat and sugar can activate both pathways. In today’s world, the energy-rich foods that contain this powerful combination are everywhere and easily accessible, flooding our brain’s natural decision-making systems and making it harder to choose healthier options. The good news is that the brain is adaptable. Just as it learns to desire certain foods, it can also learn new responses, says Amy Egbert, an assistant professor of psychological sciences. The first step is to identify the cause of the desire. Is it based on hunger, emotion, or something else? Once you identify the cause, you can begin to break the strong desire cycle. Medicines like GLP-1 also show promise in weakening the brain’s reward signals after eating. However, it’s worth noting that while these medicines may be able to manage physical desire for food in the short term, they don’t fix the root. cause of overeating. While researchers are still exploring exactly how these medicines work, the best bet is to focus on how and why we eat and deal with that together with medicines. 8. What did the Monell study find according to paragraph 1? A We easily remember food containing chocolate. B Our characters are controlled by certain neurons. C. Certain neurons record the shapes of high-energy food. D. Certain neurons stir up eagerness for high-energy food. 9. How does memory of energy-rich foods affect Our desire to eat them? A. By storing personal information. B. By producing the original flavor. C. By influencing dopamine release. D. By providing some sensory signals. 10. Why are energy-rich foods the easier choices for people? A. They benefit decision making. B. They activate two reward pathways. C. They contain chemicals necessary for brain. D. They provide quick energy for daily activities. 11. What is the recommended solution to overeating? A. Keeping away from snacks. B. Relying on medicines before meals. C. Finding the cause of the eager cycle. D. Combining mindset change with medicines. D When a friend faces difficulties or feels defeated (挫败), we naturally offer understanding and encouragement. We provide emotional support without hesitation during their challenging moments. However, when we face similar struggles ourselves, that same voice often disappears, replaced by hard self-criticism (自责) and judgment. This phenomenon is surprisingly common, yet it seriously affect our ability to handle life’s unavoidable challenges effectively. The inner conversations we have during defeats often include language we would never use when speaking to someone we care about. We tell ourselves we’re failures, that we should have known better, or that we’re simply not capable enough. Research shows that practicing self-compassion (自我同情) provides significant mental benefits. Studies indicate that people who have higher levels of self-compassion show greater resilience (恢复力) when facing stressful situations and recover more effectively from defeats. Dr. Kristin Nef who has studied self-compassion for over twenty years, points out an important difference in how we understand our mistakes. “We can say, ‘I made a mistake,’ instead of saying, ‘I am a mistake,’” she explains. Self-compassion is a healthier choice than traditional self-respect because it does not depend on good self-judgment or comparing with others. Instead, it focuses on treating ourselves with the same kindness and understanding we would naturally show to a good friend facing similar situations. This approach recognizes that making mistakes and experiencing failure are normal human experiences rather than personal character weaknesses. By developing self-compassion, we create opportunities for real learning and growth instead of getting trapped in cycles of self-blame and bad thoughts. This mental change enables us to respond to challenges with better emotional balance and practical problem-solving skills. Finally, self-compassion leads to improved outcomes and better mental health. It provides a stronger and more lasting base for dealing with life’s difficulties than hard self-criticism ever can. 12. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. People are likely to help friends more than strangers. B. People tend to be tougher on themselves than on others. C. Friends’ encouragement often fails to reduce self-doubt. D. Self-criticism is an effective way to overcome challenges. 13. What can practicing self-compassion bring about? A. More dependence on others. B. Less mistakes in big decisions. C. Deeper inner strength against setbacks. D. Greater pressure in the face of defeats. 14. What can be inferred about self-compassion? A. It encourages competition with others. B. It aims to challenge one’s weaknesses. C. It centers on kindness to oneself as friends. D. It provides chances to form a healthy cycle. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Stop Being Hard on Yourself B. Treat Others with More Kindness C. Help Others Find Their Strengths D. Focus on Your Mistakes and Learn 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Woodworking, sewing, or sculpting cupcakes—any form of art benefits your mind and body. Girija Kaimal, an art therapy expert, says creating art eases stress, lifts mood, and activates the brain’s reward system. Here’s how to start your art-making habit. Embrace your artistic side. Many think only talented artists can create, but Kaimal’s research shows otherwise. ___16___ So, let go of self-doubt, pick up a brush or craft tool, and express yourself without worrying about perfection. Explore various art forms. Art isn’t just painting—it includes cooking, knitting, crafting, and more. Begin with what you love, like a childhood hobby, or try something new. ___17___ Instead, switch between drawing, baking, or DIY projects based on your mood. Variety keeps the creative process exciting. ___18___ The real joy of art lies in creating, not in making a masterpiece. Kaimal emphasizes that the act of making art relieves stress, even if you’re unhappy with the outcome. ___19___ So, relax, have fun, let your creativity flow and immerse yourself in the experience. Make art a daily routine. Treat art like exercise or study—set aside time for it. ___20___ Create a dedicated art corner at home with your supplies. Whether it’s a table corner or a basket, this space will remind you to keep creating. As art becomes part of your life, you’ll feel more relaxed, fulfilled, and connected to your creative side. A. Don’t stick to one activity. B. Focus on the outcome of art-making. C. Value the process instead of the result. D. What upsets you is the mood you are in. E. Even 10 minutes a day can make a difference. F. Everyone, regardless of skill level, can be an artist. G. Letting go of expectations frees you to explore new ideas. 第二部分 语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Back in my freshman year of college, I was always so busy. I ____21____ to keep a regular eating schedule due to a demanding workload and social events. Making ____22____ to eat was the last of my concerns. What this meant was I’d often go from mornings to evenings on a (n) ____23____ stomach, and it wasn’t until masses of people headed to the campus eateries around dinner time did I ____24____ I hadn’t eaten all day. On one of these occasions in which I couldn’t ____25____ the poor food options (选择) on campus, I walked off to a local food store. There, I packed a box of delicious chicken and ____26____ skipped to the cash register. As I went to swipe (刷) my card, an ____27____ came up showing the system couldn’t process it. When I looked down, it hit me that I was swiping my college ID card instead of a real credit card with no other forms of ____28____ on me. At this point, a gentleman behind me stepped forward. Without a second ____29____, he offered to pay for my meal and ____30____ me to eat up. Feeling embarrassed, I tried to turn down his offer, but he ____31____. I thanked him profusely. His only words were that he ____32____ I would pay it forward one day. Sitting down to eat the meal afterwards, I was still in awe of a complete stranger’s random act of ____33____. The stranger showed me that what’s worth treasuring is the positive ____34____ we have on others. To this day, I remember the gentleman’s actions, eager to ____35____ when others are in need. 21. A. promised B. struggled C. managed D. started 22 A. time B. space C. money D. effort 23. A. full B. nervous C. enormous D. empty 24 A. regret B. realize C. confirm D. believe 25. A. afford B. describe C. take D. reject 26. A. happily B. slowly C. seriously D. awkwardly 27. A. idea B. order C. error D. image 28. A. access B. identification C. payment D. communication 29. A. thought B. complaint C. doubt D. excuse 30. A. instructed B. persuaded C. reminded D. encouraged 31. A. agreed B. insisted C. left D. laughed 32. A. promised B. hoped C. admitted D. discovered 33. A. kindness B. patience C. bravery D. determination 34. A. focus B. edge C. impression D. impact 35. A. move on B. step in C. help out D. get back 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Cuili was regarded as kind of a “weirdo” when she decided to open a library at her convenience store providing books for villagers to read ___36___ free in 2008. While others were busy making a living, Li, a farmer who owned a store in her village, ___37___ (think) bigger. That year, she watched a ___38___ (perform) at her village with her son. To her surprise, the show was poor and unsuitable for children. ___39___ (feel) anxious that children would grow up in such an environment, she wanted to improve the ___40___ (culture)atmosphere in the village through the power of books At the very beginning, no villager came forward ___41___ (borrow) her book. Li decided to attract children first by offering sugar to those who came to read. In this way, more and more children ___42___ (attract) to the library. Surprised to discover children behaved much better than before, parents began to speak ___43___ (high) of Li’s efforts and offer support. What began as a mother’s worry now allows reading to thrive in her hometown. Her Weiguang Library, ___44___ started with only 200 books, has grown into a reading center housing 5,000-6,000 books. She named it Weiguang because she believes no matter how faint ___45___ light is, it has the power to keep the fire burning. 第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 46. Listening to music is ________ (benefit) to students because it helps them relax and focus better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. The moon landing in 1969 marked a historic ________ (achieve) for mankind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. His tireless efforts finally brought him great ________ (satisfy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. The team worked overtime, ________ (determine) to solve the AI challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Cheating is ________ (harm) to one’s honesty and character. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. The scholar made a significant __________ (contribute) to restoring ancient documents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 52. It is difficult for the wildlife __________ (adapt) to the climate change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. She __________ (inspire) by the online speech and began to volunteer at the community center every weekend. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The classic play __________ (perform) in over 30 countries so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. The kids excitedly prepared for the Spring Festival, ________ (decorate) the house with lanterns. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. Dr. Lin Qiaozhi showed great kindness by __________(admit) many poor patients for free in her hospital. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. The old castle,__________ (surround) by ancient walls, has stood for over a thousand years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. He was fed up with food ________ (lack) local characteristics and all tasting the same. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第五节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适单词，在空白处填入该单词的正确形式。 make progress figure out be aware of in spite of as a result in addition to keep sb. company bring about 59. She ________ (意识到) plastic waste and started using cloth bags. 60. Chinese research teams ________ (解决) how to reduce high-speed rail noise in 2023. 61. Space exploration helps us learn about the universe, and ________ (结果), we gain new knowledge about our own planet. 62. Our AI club ________ (取得进步) in designing smart tools in the past month. 63. ________ (除……之外) singing, he also plays the guitar during school performances. 64. My friend Lin always ________ (陪伴我) when I feel lonely. 65. ________ (尽管) the bad weather, many people still attended the festival and enjoyed the celebrations. 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 66. 你校英文报正在开展“讲述生活中的诚信故事”主题征文活动，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.描述一次真实的经历； 2.分享你的感悟。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100词左右； 2.标题和首句已给出，不计入总词数； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Honesty around Us An honest moment taught me a lifelong lesson. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 惠州市2024-2025学年第二学期高一期末考试 英语 本卷共8页 考试时间：120分钟 满分：130分 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kindergarten Teaching Volunteer Program in Sri Lanka Are you seeking influential volunteering opportunities? Join our year-round Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka and change young lives as a volunteer-teacher. Make a difference in Galle, where you’ll help children build necessary skills while engaging yourself in the amazing culture and impressive natural beauty of Sri Lanka. Reasons for your participation (参与) : Many students want to learn languages like English, but they often struggle because resources are limited and costs are high. By joining our Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka, you’ll use your teaching expertise to create new opportunities for language learning. Your efforts will touch the hearts of Sri Lankan children and make language teaching more accessible and affordable. Details: Volunteer Tasks: Assisting with lesson planning; Providing classroom support; Teaching basic skills; Arranging extracurricular activities; Sharing your expertise. Types: Both a solo volunteer and part of a team are welcome. Working Time: From Monday to Friday. Steps to join: Select a program. Complete your online application. Get ready for departure (离开). Arrive in Sri Lanka as a volunteer. Discover and enjoy the wonders. Heartwarming tips: Sri Lanka is a very safe country, where the warm hospitality (好客) and amazing culture make you feel right at home. We are devoted to assisting you and ensuring your safety at every step of your journey. We cover daily expenses to place and house volunteers effectively, including placement services, administrative support, and the ongoing support of our projects across Sri Lanka. 1. What’s the purpose of Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka? A To introduce Sri Lankan culture to volunteers. B. To help with the language teaching in Sri Lanka. C. To improve teaching skills of volunteer teachers. D To provide living supplies to the Sri Lankan children. 2. What can we learn about the volunteer program? A. Volunteers are required to work on weekends. B. Group volunteers are preferred in application. C. Volunteers should complete their application after arrival. D. Volunteers should provide wide-ranging educational support. 3. What does the program provide to the volunteers? A. Free flight to Sri Lanka. B. Awards for language teaching. C. Safety support and daily expenses. D. Promised job offers after volunteering. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于斯里兰卡幼儿园教学志愿者项目的介绍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reasons for your participation中“Many students want to learn languages like English, but they often struggle because resources are limited and costs are high. By joining our Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka, you’ll use your teaching expertise to create new opportunities for language learning. (许多学生想学习像英语这样的语言，但由于资源有限和成本高昂，他们经常遇到困难。通过加入我们在斯里兰卡的幼儿园教学志愿者计划，您将利用您的教学专业知识为语言学习创造新的机会)”可知，该项目的目的是帮助斯里兰卡的语言教学。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Details中“Volunteer Tasks: Assisting with lesson planning; Providing classroom support; Teaching basic skills; Arranging extracurricular activities; Sharing your expertise.(志愿者任务：协助课程规划；提供课堂支持；教授基本技能；安排课外活动；分享专业知识)”可知，志愿者需要提供多方面的教育支持。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Heartwarming tips中“We are devoted to assisting you and ensuring your safety at every step of your journey.(我们致力于在你旅程的每一步为你提供帮助并确保你的安全)”和“We cover daily expenses to place and house volunteers effectively, including placement services, administrative support, and the ongoing support of our projects across Sri Lanka.(我们承担日常费用，有效地安置志愿者，包括安置服务、行政支持以及对斯里兰卡各地项目的持续支持)”可知，项目为志愿者提供安全支持和日常费用。故选C项。 B On the morning of April 20th, I woke up in a panic (恐慌), thinking it was 6 am, but in reality, it was still 3 am. I had a vivid dream where I had overslept. This kind of dream often occurred before important events. Even though I knew I was well-prepared, I couldn’t shake off the worry. After a restless sleep filled with more anxious dreams, my alarm finally went off. I met my friend Jenny and we took an Uber to the race site. The first half marathon was unknown to us. The race began, and we navigated (穿过) through a lush forest. We celebrated each mile, but after some tough uphill sections, I began to worry about making it through. As we approached the halfway point, we were cheered on by other runners, which encouraged us further. The downhill journey back was amazing, and we cruised through the second half, deciding to hold hands and cross the finish line together. To our surprise, we won our age and gender group! After the race, we were overjoyed but faced a minor problem — no cellphone service to call an Uber back. Luckily, we met Lisa, Amy, and Robin, fellow runners who offered us a ride. During the car ride, we shared stories about running and life. They inspired me with their passion for running and traveling the world. I loved how running was a universal language that connected people with shared goals of being outdoors and meeting new people. Their attitudes showed me that adulthood could be full of surprises and joy. The half marathon has taught me that the best experiences do not come from the familiar and safe. I’ve realized that I’ll be able to overcome many other unknown challenges of adulthood. I don’t know what they are yet, but my new friends have shown me that adulthood has many beautiful surprises waiting. I can’t wait to see what the next 13.1miles of life will bring. 4. What can we know about the author from the first paragraph? A. Her short sleeping time made her panic. B. She often failed to make full preparations. C. Her alarm clock had a problem now and then. D. She often worried about approaching occasions. 5. What does the underlined word “cruised” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Raced effortlessly. B. Moved passively. C. Struggled painfully. D. Walked aimlessly. 6. Which of the following can best describe the car ride? A. Silent and embarrassing. B. Inspiring and connecting. C. Impressive but unbearable. D. Smooth but uncomfortable. 7. What does the author’s experience show? A. Welcome the unknown. B. Better late than never. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Every coin has two sides. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在参加人生第一次半程马拉松比赛前后的经历和感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“On the morning of April 20th, I woke up in a panic(恐慌), thinking it was 6 am, but in reality, it was still 3 am. I had a vivid dream where I had overslept. This kind of dream often occurred before important events. Even though I knew I was well-prepared, I couldn’t shake off the worry.(4月20日早上，我惊慌地醒来，以为是早上6点，但实际上，还是凌晨3点。我做了一个生动的梦，梦里我睡过头了。这种梦通常发生在重大事件之前。尽管我知道我准备得很充分，但我还是无法摆脱忧虑。)”可知，作者在重要事件前常做关于迟到的噩梦，且无法摆脱担忧，说明她对即将到来的场合容易焦虑。故选D项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“The downhill journey back was amazing(回程的下坡之旅棒极了)”可知，下坡路程感觉棒极了，且两人“hold hands and cross the finish line together(手牵手冲过终点)”，说明后半程跑得轻松顺利。Cruised在此处指“轻松地赛跑，跑得轻松、不费力”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“During the car ride, we shared stories about running and life. They inspired me with their passion for running and traveling the world. I loved how running was a universal language that connected people with shared goals of being outdoors and meeting new people. (在开车的过程中，我们分享了关于跑步和生活的故事。他们对跑步和环游世界的热情激励着我。我喜欢跑步是一种通用的语言，它将人们与户外运动和结识新朋友的共同目标联系在一起。)”可知，在乘车过程中，作者和朋友们分享了关于跑步和生活的故事，这些跑步爱好者的热情激励了作者，让作者与有共同爱好的人建立联系。因此，这段乘车经历是鼓舞人心且增进人际联系。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I met my friend Jenny and we took an Uber to the race site. The first half marathon was unknown to us.(我遇到了我的朋友珍妮，我们乘优步去了比赛现场。我们对前半程马拉松一无所知。)”以及最后一段的句子“The half marathon has taught me that the best experiences do not come from the familiar and safe. I’ve realized that I’ll be able to overcome many other unknown challenges of adulthood.(半程马拉松教会了我，最好的经历不是来自熟悉和安全的地方。我已经意识到，我将能够克服许多其他未知的成年挑战。)”可知，作者通过这次半程马拉松的经历意识到，最好的体验并不总是来自熟悉和安全的事物，而是能够克服成年生活中许多其他未知的挑战。因此，作者的经历表明我们应该欢迎未知，勇敢地去面对和探索它。故选A项。 C When you remember a chocolate bar in a desk drawer, your brain might not just be recalling it — it could be actively pushing you to seek it out. A recent study of Monell Chemical Senses Center suggests that specific neurons (神经元) in the brain record the sensory and emotional details of energy-rich food. In mice, these neurons set off desire, leading to overeating — even when the animals weren’t hungry. Though the research was conducted in animals, it supports that memories of fat and sugar can quietly shape our eating behavior — often without our awareness. In early human history, when energy was rare, we learned to use sensory signals — smell, sight, and location to identify energy-rich foods. After eating, the brain stores that information along with how the food made us feel. That influence dopamine (多巴胺) release in the brain’s reward pathways and the brain then updates the value of a food based on this information. When you meet the flavor (风味) again, the memory activates, stirring up a desire. Memories of fat and sugar are stored via separate reward pathways, both leading to dopamine. Foods that combine fat and sugar can activate both pathways. In today’s world, the energy-rich foods that contain this powerful combination are everywhere and easily accessible, flooding our brain’s natural decision-making systems and making it harder to choose healthier options. The good news is that the brain is adaptable. Just as it learns to desire certain foods, it can also learn new responses, says Amy Egbert, an assistant professor of psychological sciences. The first step is to identify the cause of the desire. Is it based on hunger, emotion, or something else? Once you identify the cause, you can begin to break the strong desire cycle. Medicines like GLP-1 also show promise in weakening the brain’s reward signals after eating. However, it’s worth noting that while these medicines may be able to manage physical desire for food in the short term, they don’t fix the root. cause of overeating. While researchers are still exploring exactly how these medicines work, the best bet is to focus on how and why we eat and deal with that together with medicines. 8. What did the Monell study find according to paragraph 1? A. We easily remember food containing chocolate. B. Our characters are controlled by certain neurons. C. Certain neurons record the shapes of high-energy food. D. Certain neurons stir up eagerness for high-energy food. 9. How does memory of energy-rich foods affect Our desire to eat them? A. By storing personal information. B. By producing the original flavor. C. By influencing dopamine release. D. By providing some sensory signals. 10. Why are energy-rich foods the easier choices for people? A. They benefit decision making. B. They activate two reward pathways. C. They contain chemicals necessary for brain. D. They provide quick energy for daily activities. 11. What is the recommended solution to overeating? A. Keeping away from snacks. B. Relying on medicines before meals. C. Finding the cause of the eager cycle. D. Combining mindset change with medicines. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近一项研究表明大脑特定神经元会激起对高能量食物的渴望，其记忆通过影响多巴胺起作用，建议结合心态调整与药物应对暴饮暴食。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study of Monell Chemical Senses Center suggests that specific neurons (神经元) in the brain record the sensory and emotional details of energy-rich food. In mice, these neurons set off desire, leading to overeating — even when the animals weren’t hungry. (莫奈尔化学感官中心最近的一项研究表明，大脑中的特定神经元会记录高能量食物的感官和情感细节。在老鼠身上，这些神经元会引发欲望，导致过量进食——即使这些动物并不饿。)”可知，该研究发现特定神经元会激起对高能量食物的渴望。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“After eating, the brain stores that information along with how the food made us feel. That influence dopamine (多巴胺) release in the brain’s reward pathways and the brain then updates the value of a food based on this information. When you meet the flavor (风味) again, the memory activates, stirring up a desire.(吃完后，大脑会储存这些信息以及食物给我们的感觉。这会影响大脑奖励途径中多巴胺的释放，然后大脑会根据这些信息更新食物的价值。当你再次遇到味道时，记忆就会激活，激起欲望。)” 可知，高能量食物的记忆通过影响多巴胺的释放来激发进食欲望。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Memories of fat and sugar are stored via separate reward pathways, both leading to dopamine. Foods that combine fat and sugar can activate both pathways. In today’s world, the energy-rich foods that contain this powerful combination are everywhere and easily accessible, flooding our brain’s natural decision-making systems and making it harder to choose healthier options.(脂肪和糖的记忆是通过单独的奖励途径储存的，这两种途径都会产生多巴胺。结合脂肪和糖的食物可以激活这两种途径。在当今世界，含有这种强大组合的富含能量的食物无处不在，很容易获得，淹没了我们大脑的自然决策系统，使我们更难选择更健康的选择。)”可知，高能量食物易被选择是因为它们能激活两种奖励通路。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While researchers are still exploring exactly how these medicines work, the best bet is to focus on how and why we eat and deal with that together with medicines.(虽然研究人员仍在探索这些药物的确切作用机制，但最好的办法是关注我们如何以及为什么吃这些药物，并与药物一起处理。)”可知，暴饮暴食的推荐解决方案是将心态调整与药物结合。故选D项。 D When a friend faces difficulties or feels defeated (挫败), we naturally offer understanding and encouragement. We provide emotional support without hesitation during their challenging moments. However, when we face similar struggles ourselves, that same voice often disappears, replaced by hard self-criticism (自责) and judgment. This phenomenon is surprisingly common, yet it seriously affect our ability to handle life’s unavoidable challenges effectively. The inner conversations we have during defeats often include language we would never use when speaking to someone we care about. We tell ourselves we’re failures, that we should have known better, or that we’re simply not capable enough. Research shows that practicing self-compassion (自我同情) provides significant mental benefits. Studies indicate that people who have higher levels of self-compassion show greater resilience (恢复力) when facing stressful situations and recover more effectively from defeats. Dr. Kristin Nef who has studied self-compassion for over twenty years, points out an important difference in how we understand our mistakes. “We can say, ‘I made a mistake,’ instead of saying, ‘I am a mistake,’” she explains. Self-compassion is a healthier choice than traditional self-respect because it does not depend on good self-judgment or comparing with others. Instead, it focuses on treating ourselves with the same kindness and understanding we would naturally show to a good friend facing similar situations. This approach recognizes that making mistakes and experiencing failure are normal human experiences rather than personal character weaknesses. By developing self-compassion, we create opportunities for real learning and growth instead of getting trapped in cycles of self-blame and bad thoughts. This mental change enables us to respond to challenges with better emotional balance and practical problem-solving skills. Finally, self-compassion leads to improved outcomes and better mental health. It provides a stronger and more lasting base for dealing with life’s difficulties than hard self-criticism ever can. 12. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. People are likely to help friends more than strangers. B. People tend to be tougher on themselves than on others. C. Friends’ encouragement often fails to reduce self-doubt. D. Self-criticism is an effective way to overcome challenges. 13. What can practicing self-compassion bring about? A. More dependence on others. B. Less mistakes in big decisions. C. Deeper inner strength against setbacks. D. Greater pressure in the face of defeats. 14. What can be inferred about self-compassion? A. It encourages competition with others. B. It aims to challenge one’s weaknesses. C. It centers on kindness to oneself as friends. D. It provides chances to form a healthy cycle. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Stop Being Hard on Yourself B. Treat Others with More Kindness C. Help Others Find Their Strengths D. Focus on Your Mistakes and Learn 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我同情的概念及其对心理健康的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When a friend faces difficulties or feels defeated (挫败), we naturally offer understanding and encouragement. We provide emotional support without hesitation during their challenging moments. However, when we face similar struggles ourselves, that same voice often disappears, replaced by hard self-criticism and judgment.(当朋友遇到困难或受挫时，我们自然而然地给予理解和鼓励。在他们面临挑战的时刻，我们毫不犹豫地提供情感支持。然而，当我们自己面临类似的困境时，那个同样的声音往往就消失了，取而代之的是严厉的自我批判和指责)”可知，作者指出的现象是，当人们自己面临困难时，通常会比对待朋友时更加严厉地批评自己。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的句子“Research shows that practicing self-compassion provides significant mental benefits. Studies indicate that people who have higher levels of self-compassion show greater resilience when facing stressful situations and recover more effectively from defeats.(研究表明，练习自我同情对精神有很大的好处。研究表明，自我同情水平较高的人在面对压力时表现出更强的适应力，也能更有效地从失败中恢复过来)”可知，练习自我同情可以带来显著的心理益处，增强面对压力时的恢复力，并更有效地从失败中恢复，即自我同情能增强应对挫折的内在力量。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的句子“Self-compassion is a healthier choice than traditional self-respect because it does not depend on good self-judgment or comparing with others. Instead, it focuses on treating ourselves with the same kindness and understanding we would naturally show to a good friend facing similar situations.(自我同情是一种比传统自尊更健康的选择，因为它不依赖于良好的自我判断或与他人比较。相反，它关注的是用同样的善意和理解对待自己，我们会在面对类似情况时自然地向一个好朋友展示)”可知，自我同情关注的是以对待朋友的方式对待自己，而不是与他人比较。这表明自我同情是以自我友善为中心的。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的整体内容，文章主要讨论了人们在面对困难时往往对自己比对朋友更严厉，而练习自我同情可以带来显著的心理益处，帮助人们更好地应对挑战。因此，一个合适的标题是“Stop Being Hard on Yourself(不要对自己太苛刻)”。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Woodworking, sewing, or sculpting cupcakes—any form of art benefits your mind and body. Girija Kaimal, an art therapy expert, says creating art eases stress, lifts mood, and activates the brain’s reward system. Here’s how to start your art-making habit. Embrace your artistic side. Many think only talented artists can create, but Kaimal’s research shows otherwise. ___16___ So, let go of self-doubt, pick up a brush or craft tool, and express yourself without worrying about perfection. Explore various art forms. Art isn’t just painting—it includes cooking, knitting, crafting, and more. Begin with what you love, like a childhood hobby, or try something new. ___17___ Instead, switch between drawing, baking, or DIY projects based on your mood. Variety keeps the creative process exciting. ___18___ The real joy of art lies in creating, not in making a masterpiece. Kaimal emphasizes that the act of making art relieves stress, even if you’re unhappy with the outcome. ___19___ So, relax, have fun, let your creativity flow and immerse yourself in the experience. Make art a daily routine. Treat art like exercise or study—set aside time for it. ___20___ Create a dedicated art corner at home with your supplies. Whether it’s a table corner or a basket, this space will remind you to keep creating. As art becomes part of your life, you’ll feel more relaxed, fulfilled, and connected to your creative side. A Don’t stick to one activity. B. Focus on the outcome of art-making. C. Value the process instead of the result. D. What upsets you is the mood you are in. E. Even 10 minutes a day can make a difference. F. Everyone, regardless of skill level, can be an artist. G. Letting go of expectations frees you to explore new ideas. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明艺术创作有益身心，给出拥抱艺术潜能、尝试多样形式、重视过程、日常坚持等培养创作习惯的方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“Many think only talented artists can create, but Kaimal’s research shows otherwise.(很多人认为只有有天赋的艺术家才能创作，但凯马尔的研究表明并非如此)”可知，此处需要说明研究的具体结论。F项Everyone, regardless of skill level, can be an artist.(每个人，无论技能水平如何，都可以成为艺术家)中“regardless of skill level”直接反驳“only talented artists can create”的观点，与“research shows otherwise”呼应，解释了为何普通人也能创作，为“let go of self-doubt”提供依据。故选F项。 【17题详解】 由下文“Instead, switch between drawing, baking, or DIY projects based on your mood.(相反，根据心情在绘画、烘焙或DIY项目之间切换)”可知，此处需要说明不要局限于单一艺术形式。A项Don’t stick to one activity.(不要执着于一种活动)中“Don’t stick to one”与“switch between drawing, baking, or DIY projects”形成呼应，instead进一步强调了多样化的重要性，引导读者尝试不同艺术形式，保持创作的新鲜感。故选A项。 【18题详解】 由下文“The real joy of art lies in creating, not in making a masterpiece.(艺术的真正乐趣在于创作过程，而不是创作杰作)”可知，此处需要总述重视过程而非结果的观点。C项Value the process instead of the result.(重视过程而非结果) 中“process instead of the result” 直接对应“joy lies in creating, not in making a masterpiece”，统领后文对创作过程意义的论述，形成“总述观点→具体阐释”的结构。故选C项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Kaimal emphasizes that the act of making art relieves stress, even if you’re unhappy with the outcome.(凯马尔强调，即使对结果不满意，创作艺术的行为也能缓解压力)”及下文“So, relax, have fun, let your creativity flow and immerse yourself in the experience.(所以，放松，享受乐趣，让你的创造力流动，让自己沉浸在体验中)”可知，此处需要说明放下对结果的期待的好处。G项Letting go of expectations frees you to explore new ideas.(放下期待能让你自由地探索新想法) 中“letting go of expectations”呼应“even if you’re unhappy with the outcome”，“frees you to explore”解释了为何过程更重要 —— 因为它能释放创造力，衔接“观点阐述→行动建议”的逻辑。故选G项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Treat art like exercise or study—set aside time for it.(把艺术当作锻炼或学习 —— 为它留出时间)”可知，此处需要说明每日创作的具体时间安排。E项Even 10 minutes a day can make a difference.(即使每天10分钟也能有所不同)中“10 minutes a day”是“set aside time”的具体建议，强调无需长时间投入，小剂量的日常创作也能积累效果，使“养成习惯”的建议更易执行。故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Back in my freshman year of college, I was always so busy. I ____21____ to keep a regular eating schedule due to a demanding workload and social events. Making ____22____ to eat was the last of my concerns. What this meant was I’d often go from mornings to evenings on a (n) ____23____ stomach, and it wasn’t until masses of people headed to the campus eateries around dinner time did I ____24____ I hadn’t eaten all day. On one of these occasions in which I couldn’t ____25____ the poor food options (选择) on campus, I walked off to a local food store. There, I packed a box of delicious chicken and ____26____ skipped to the cash register. As I went to swipe (刷) my card, an ____27____ came up showing the system couldn’t process it. When I looked down, it hit me that I was swiping my college ID card instead of a real credit card with no other forms of ____28____ on me. At this point, a gentleman behind me stepped forward. Without a second ____29____, he offered to pay for my meal and ____30____ me to eat up. Feeling embarrassed, I tried to turn down his offer, but he ____31____. I thanked him profusely. His only words were that he ____32____ I would pay it forward one day. Sitting down to eat the meal afterwards, I was still in awe of a complete stranger’s random act of ____33____. The stranger showed me that what’s worth treasuring is the positive ____34____ we have on others. To this day, I remember the gentleman’s actions, eager to ____35____ when others are in need. 21. A. promised B. struggled C. managed D. started 22. A. time B. space C. money D. effort 23. A. full B. nervous C. enormous D. empty 24. A. regret B. realize C. confirm D. believe 25. A. afford B. describe C. take D. reject 26. A. happily B. slowly C. seriously D. awkwardly 27. A. idea B. order C. error D. image 28. A. access B. identification C. payment D. communication 29. A. thought B. complaint C. doubt D. excuse 30. A. instructed B. persuaded C. reminded D. encouraged 31. A. agreed B. insisted C. left D. laughed 32. A. promised B. hoped C. admitted D. discovered 33. A. kindness B. patience C. bravery D. determination 34. A. focus B. edge C. impression D. impact 35 A. move on B. step in C. help out D. get back 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大学一年级时因忙碌常顾不上吃饭，一次买餐刷卡出错，一位陌生绅士帮其付款并鼓励他传递善意的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于繁重的课业和社交活动，我难以保持规律的饮食作息。A. promised承诺；B. struggled努力、挣扎；C. managed设法做到；D. started开始。根据后文“due to a demanding workload and social events”可知，作者因课业和社交活动忙，很难保持规律饮食；struggle to do“艰难地做……；吃力地做……”。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：腾出时间吃饭是我最不关心的事。A. time时间；B. space空间；C. money钱；D. effort努力。根据前文“I was always so busy”可知，作者很忙，没时间吃饭。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我常常从早到晚都饿着肚子，直到晚餐时间大批人前往校园餐厅时，我才意识到自己一整天都没吃东西。A. full满的；B. nervous紧张的；C. enormous巨大的；D. empty空的。根据前文“Making ____ to eat was the last of my concerns”可知，作者没时间吃饭，所以肚子是空的。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我常常从早到晚都饿着肚子，直到晚餐时间大批人前往校园餐厅时，我才意识到自己一整天都没吃东西。A. regret后悔；B. realize意识到；C. confirm确认；D. believe相信。根据后文“masses of people headed to the campus eateries around dinner time”和“I hadn’t eaten all day”可知，作者太忙了，没时间吃饭，所以看到别人前往餐厅才意识到自己一整天没吃饭。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我实在无法忍受校园里糟糕的食物选择，就去了一家当地的食品店。A. afford负担得起；B. describe描述；C. take忍受；D. reject拒绝。根据后文“I walked off to a local food store”可推知，作者无法忍受校园食物，所以去了外面的食品店。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我买了一盒美味的鸡肉，然后开心地蹦蹦跳跳地走向收银台。A. happily开心地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. seriously严肃地；D. awkwardly尴尬地。根据前文“I packed a box of delicious chicken”和后文“skipped to the cash register”可知，作者买到了美味的鸡肉，蹦蹦跳跳地走向收银台，说明很开心。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我去刷卡时，出现了一个错误提示，显示系统无法处理。A. idea主意；B. order命令；C. error错误；D. image图像。根据后文“showing the system couldn’t process it”可知，刷卡时出现了错误。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我低头看时，我才意识到我刷的是我的大学学生证，而不是一张真正的信用卡，而且我身上没有其他支付方式。A. access通道；B. identification身份证明；C. payment支付；D. communication交流。根据前文“I was swiping my college ID card instead of a real credit card”和“no other forms of”可推知，作者带错了卡，所以没有其他支付方式。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，我身后的一位绅士走上前来。他毫不犹豫地提出帮我付餐费，并鼓励我吃光。A. thought思考；B. complaint抱怨；C. doubt怀疑；D. excuse借口。根据后文“he offered to pay for my meal”可知，绅士没有多想就帮作者付餐费；without a second thought“毫不犹豫地”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，我身后的一位绅士走上前来。他毫不犹豫地提出帮我付餐费，并鼓励我吃光。A. instructed指示；B. persuaded说服；C. reminded提醒；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“me to eat up”可知，绅士鼓励作者把饭吃光。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬，试图拒绝他的好意，但他坚持要帮我付。A. agreed同意；B. insisted坚持；C. left离开；D. laughed笑。根据前文“I tried to turn down his offer”和转折词“but”可知，作者拒绝，但是绅士坚持帮忙付款。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他唯一的话是，他希望有一天我能将这份善意传递下去。A. promised承诺；B. hoped希望；C. admitted承认；D. discovered发现。根据后文“I would pay it forward one day”可知，这是绅士提出的希望。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我坐下来吃饭时，仍然对一个陌生人的随机善举感到敬畏。A. kindness善良、善举；B. patience耐心；C. bravery勇敢；D. determination决心。根据前文“he offered to pay for my meal”可知，绅士帮作者付款，这是一种善举。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位陌生人让我明白，值得珍惜的是我们对他人产生的积极影响。A. focus焦点；B. edge边缘；C. impression印象；D. impact影响。根据后文“To this day, I remember the gentleman’s actions, eager to ____ when others are in need.”可知，陌生人的善举对作者产生了积极影响。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到今天，我还记得那位绅士的行为，渴望在别人需要的时候伸出援手。A. move on继续前进；B. step in介入；C. help out帮助解决困难；D. get back回来。根据前文“To this day, remember the gentleman’s actions”可推知，绅士的善行对作者产生了积极影响，所以作者渴望在别人需要时也能帮助到别人。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Cuili was regarded as kind of a “weirdo” when she decided to open a library at her convenience store providing books for villagers to read ___36___ free in 2008. While others were busy making a living, Li, a farmer who owned a store in her village, ___37___ (think) bigger. That year, she watched a ___38___ (perform) at her village with her son. To her surprise, the show was poor and unsuitable for children. ___39___ (feel) anxious that children would grow up in such an environment, she wanted to improve the ___40___ (culture)atmosphere in the village through the power of books At the very beginning, no villager came forward ___41___ (borrow) her book. Li decided to attract children first by offering sugar to those who came to read. In this way, more and more children ___42___ (attract) to the library. Surprised to discover children behaved much better than before, parents began to speak ___43___ (high) of Li’s efforts and offer support. What began as a mother’s worry now allows reading to thrive in her hometown. Her Weiguang Library, ___44___ started with only 200 books, has grown into a reading center housing 5,000-6,000 books. She named it Weiguang because she believes no matter how faint ___45___ light is, it has the power to keep the fire burning. 【答案】36. for 37. thought 38. performance 39. Feeling 40.  cultural 41. to borrow 42. were attracted 43. highly 44. which 45. the 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述李翠利2008年在便利店开免费图书馆，从无人问津到吸引村民，“微光图书馆”渐成规模，改善乡村文化氛围。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：2008年，李翠利决定在自己的便利店里开一家图书馆，免费为村民提供书籍阅读，当时她被认为有点“怪”。这里考查for free，为固定搭配，意为“免费地”。故填for。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：当其他人都在忙着谋生时，身为农民、在村里开了家店的李翠利想得更远。此空考查谓语动词，主语 Li与think为主动关系，再根据前文in 2008及“were busy”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填thought。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：那一年，她和儿子在村里看了一场演出。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，perform的名词形式为performance，表“演出”，符合语境。故填performance。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：担心孩子们在这样的环境中长大，她想通过书籍的力量改善村里的文化氛围。此空考查非谓语，句子主语she与feel之间为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词作状语，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Feeling。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：担心孩子们在这样的环境中长大，她想通过书籍的力量改善村里的文化氛围。此处修饰名词atmosphere，应用形容词cultural，表“文化的”，符合语境。故填cultural。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一开始，没有村民上前借书。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to borrow。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：通过这种方式，越来越多的孩子被吸引到图书馆。此空考查谓语动词，句子主语children与attract之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，children为复数。故填were attracted。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：惊讶地发现孩子们比以前表现得好得多，家长们开始高度评价李翠利的努力并提供支持。此处修饰动词speak，应用副词highly，表“高度地”，speak highly of意为“高度评价”，符合语境。故填highly。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她的“微光图书馆”最初只有200本书，如今已发展成拥有5000到6000本书的阅读中心。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Her Weiguang Library”，为物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她给它取名“微光”，是因为她相信，无论光有多微弱，它都有能力让火焰燃烧下去。由语境可知，此处特指“光”，所以应用定冠词the。故填the。 第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 46. Listening to music is ________ (benefit) to students because it helps them relax and focus better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：听音乐对学生有益，因为它有助于他们放松并更好地集中注意力。提示词作表语，用形容词beneficial构成主系表结构，意为“有益的”，表明主语“Listening to music”的性质。故填beneficial。 47. The moon landing in 1969 marked a historic ________ (achieve) for mankind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】achievement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：1969年的登月标志着人类一项具有历史意义的成就。提示词作宾语，用名词achievement，意为“成就”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填achievement。 48. His tireless efforts finally brought him great ________ (satisfy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】satisfaction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他不懈的努力最终为他带来了极大的满足。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作直接宾语，satisfaction，表“满足”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填satisfaction。 49. The team worked overtime, ________ (determine) to solve the AI challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】determined 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：团队加班工作，决心解决人工智能方面的挑战。“(determine) to solve the AI challenges”在句中作伴随状语，用形容词determined，意为“下定决心的，坚决的”，表明其逻辑主语“The team”的状态。故填determined。 50. Cheating is ________ (harm) to one’s honesty and character. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】harmful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作弊对一个人的诚实和品格是有害的。提示词作表语，用形容词harmful构成主系表结构，意为“有害的”；be harmful to“对……有害”。故填harmful。 51. The scholar made a significant __________ (contribute) to restoring ancient documents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contribution 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位学者在修复古代文献方面做出了重大贡献。“make a contribution to...”为固定短语，意为“对……做出贡献”，这里需要用名词单数contribution作宾语。故填contribution。 第四节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 52. It is difficult for the wildlife __________ (adapt) to the climate change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to adapt 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：野生动物很难适应气候变化。“It is + 形容词 + for someone/something + to do something”是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式复合结构。故填to adapt。 53. She __________ (inspire) by the online speech and began to volunteer at the community center every weekend. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was inspired 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：受到网络演讲的启发，她开始每个周末都去社区中心做志愿者工作。空格处是谓语动词，由下文的began可知，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；主语she与谓语动词inspire之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was inspired。 54. The classic play __________ (perform) in over 30 countries so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been performed 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这部经典戏剧已经在30多个国家上演。perform(上演)是谓语动词，与主语The classic play之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“so far”可知，该动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been performed。 55. The kids excitedly prepared for the Spring Festival, ________ (decorate) the house with lanterns. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】decorating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们兴奋地为春节做准备，用灯笼装饰房子。“(decorate) the house with lanterns”在句中作伴随状语，decorate (装饰)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语The kids之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填decorating。 56. Dr. Lin Qiaozhi showed great kindness by __________(admit) many poor patients for free in her hospital. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admitting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林巧稚医生在她的医院里收治了很多贫困患者，展现了极大的仁慈。空处在介词by后，需要填入动名词介词宾语。故填admitting。 57. The old castle,__________ (surround) by ancient walls, has stood for over a thousand years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surrounded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座被古老城墙环绕的古堡已经屹立了一千多年。“(surround) by ancient walls”在句中作后置定语，surround(围绕，环绕)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语The old castle之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填surrounded。 58. He was fed up with food ________ (lack) local characteristics and all tasting the same. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lacking 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受够了那些缺乏地方特色且味道都一样的食物。“(lack) local characteristics”在句中作后置定语，lack(缺乏)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语food之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填lacking。 第五节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的单词，在空白处填入该单词的正确形式。 make progress figure out be aware of in spite of as a result in addition to keep sb. company bring about 59. She ________ (意识到) plastic waste and started using cloth bags. 60. Chinese research teams ________ (解决) how to reduce high-speed rail noise in 2023. 61. Space exploration helps us learn about the universe, and ________ (结果), we gain new knowledge about our own planet. 62. Our AI club ________ (取得进步) in designing smart tools in the past month. 63. ________ (除……之外) singing, he also plays the guitar during school performances. 64. My friend Lin always ________ (陪伴我) when I feel lonely. 65. ________ (尽管) the bad weather, many people still attended the festival and enjoyed the celebrations. 【答案】59. was aware of 60. figured out 61. as a result 62. has made progress 63. In addition to 64. keeps me company 65. In spite of 【解析】 【59题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她意识到塑料垃圾问题，然后开始使用布袋。根据句意和中文提示“意识到”可知，空格处应填动词短语be aware of，根据“started”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“She”是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was aware of。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：中国研究团队在2023年解决了如何降低高铁噪音的问题。根据句意和中文提示“解决”可知，空格处应填动词短语figure out，作谓语，根据时间状语“in 2023”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填figured out。 【61题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：太空探索帮助我们了解宇宙，结果，我们获得了关于我们自己星球的新知识。根据句意和中文提示“结果”可知，空格处应填介词短语as a result。故填as a result。 【62题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们的人工智能俱乐部在过去的一个月里在设计智能工具方面取得了进步。根据句意和中文提示“取得进步”可知，空格处应填动词短语make progress，作谓语，根据时间状语“in the past month”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语“Our AI club”是第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式。故填has made progress。 【63题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：除了唱歌，他在学校表演时还会弹吉他。根据句意和中文提示“除……之外”可知，空格处应填介词短语in addition to。故填In addition to。 【64题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当我感到孤独时，我的朋友林总是陪伴我。根据句意和中文提示“陪伴我”可知，空格处应填动词短语keep sb. company，主语“My friend Lin”是专有名词，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词keep用第三人称单数形式keeps，“我”在这里作宾语，用宾格me。故填keeps me company。 【65题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管天气不好，许多人仍然参加了节日活动并享受庆祝活动。根据句意和中文提示“尽管”可知，空格处应填介词短语in spite of，作让步状语。故填In spite of。 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 66. 你校英文报正在开展“讲述生活中的诚信故事”主题征文活动，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.描述一次真实的经历； 2.分享你的感悟。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100词左右； 2.标题和首句已给出，不计入总词数； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Honesty around Us An honest moment taught me a lifelong lesson. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Honesty around Us An honest moment taught me a lifelong lesson. One day, my classmate Tom found a lost library book on the playground. Instead of keeping it to himself, he immediately went to the school library. He reported the situation to the librarian and provided all the details he knew. The librarian was really grateful. Thanks to Tom’s honesty, the book was returned to its rightful place. This incident made me understand that honesty can bring order and trust to our lives. A simple act of honesty, like Tom’s, can have a positive impact. We should all strive to be honest in our daily lives. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生围绕“生活中诚信故事”这一主题，描述一次真实经历并分享感悟。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 立刻，马上：immediately → right away/at once 感激的：grateful → thankful 归还：return → give back 影响：impact → influence/effect 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：One day, my classmate Tom found a lost library book on the playground. 拓展句：One day, my classmate Tom, who is always honest, found a lost library book on the playground. 【点睛】[高分句型1] He reported the situation to the librarian and provided all the details he knew. (运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] This incident made me understand that honesty can bring order and trust to our lives. (运用了连词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $