精品解析：山东省淄博市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

参照秘密级管理★启用前 2024—2025学年度第二学期高一教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To borrow a book. B. To ask about the homework. C. To invite him to a cafe. 2. What will the man da first tomorrow? A. Clean the windows. B. Do the history project. C. Wash the car. 3. When does the man's football practice start? A. At 4: 00 pm. B. At 4: 15 pm. C. At 4: 30 pm. 4. What is the woman probably doing now? A. Watching TV. B. Dressing herself. C. Talking with Diane. 5. What does the speakers' neighbor do? A. He's a pilot. B. He's a musician. C. He's an actor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man say about his writing teacher? A. Creative. B. Kind. C. Strict. 7. What did the man find difficult? A. Creating believable characters. B. Working out a good ending. C. Writing natural dialogues. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Saving up for things. B. Making birthday wishes. C. Getting presents. 9. How much did the woman's bike cost? A. £130. B. £150. C. £180. 10. What does the woman want now? A. A handbag. B. A phone. C. A computer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What sport is Roy Cook good at? A. Football. B. Gymnastics. C. Skiing. 12. For what reason is Lily King unable to take part in the competition? A. Her blindness. B. Her age. C. Her leg injury. 13. Who does the man expect to win the competition? A. Alice Brown. B. Ted Smith. C. Mary Wood. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man make the call? A. To ask for help. B. To discuss a plan. C. To offer an invitation. 15. Where is the man? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In a hotel room. 16. Who is Jeff probably? A. The woman's customer. B. The woman's workmate. C. The woman's husband. 17. How does the man teel now? A. Anxious. B. Proud. C. Satisfied. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which place is the speaker's family going to see tomorrow? A. The Empire State Building. B. The Statue of Liberty. C. The Brookly n Bridge. 19. What did the speaker do yesterday afternoon? A. He made a simple machine. B. He painted some pictures. C. He tried on a space suit. 20. What will the speaker's school project be about? A. Robots. B. Ice. C. Electricity. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Shared mobility (出行) could be a key part of a greener transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this. Here’s the breakdown of barriers to using bikeshares for different people. Barriers to using bikeshares Various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reaching underserved communities. On-demand shared mobility that feeds into well-developed public transportation systems could reduce the number of vehicles in some cities by 90 percent and cut transportation emissions (排放) by 50 percent — but only if it largely replaces private car use. Subsidy (补贴) programs for low-income residents have shown promise in increasing the use of shared mobility while decreasing the use of personal vehicles. E-Bike Library programs include maintaining the bikes, organizing training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people with cycling culture and safety. Mobitwin, a social transportation service for elderly people and those with reduced mobility, lets elderly people request a ride from a volunteer for a small fee. Station-based systems where cars are picked up and dropped off at fixed locations can also make it easier for women to plan for their transportation needs “Being able to get out and about is a necessary part of participating in society, and reduced mobility goes hand in hand with social loneliness, ” says Esen Köse, a project manager at Mpact. “We want to make sure that people who are often not in the societal cycle of going to work or going to school, who are actually often left out, still have an option to get out of the house and do the simple daily things, like going to the store, going to the hairdresser and seeing families.” 1. In For man, what percentage of barriers does unfamiliarity account for? A. 53%. B. 15%. C. 34%. D. 19%. 2. Which project is most suitable for a female photographer? A. Subsidy programs. B. E-Bike Library programs. C. Mobitwin. D. Station-based systems. 3. What is Esen Köse’s expectation regarding people with reduced mobility? A. Aiding them to get jobs. B. Making them better educated. C. Helping them get around. D. Letting them feel ignored. B Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-born biochemist known for her pioneering research into RNA treatment, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Growing up in a small village, Karikó expressed an interest in nature and excelled academically in science from an early age. After graduating with a doctoral degree, she accepted a position at a Biological Research Centre in Hungary, where she began her investigations of modified nucleosides(核苷). Due to the lack of financial (财政) support for her research, Karikó moved to two different institutions for research in the US, where she made advances that inspired her to explore further. After varieties of failures in applying her findings to medical experiments, which cost large amounts of money, she finally made a major breakthrough, fueled by the urgency to develop a vaccine(疫苗) that could help prevent or reduce the severity of infection. Unlike traditional vaccine development, the generation of mRNA vaccines is relatively rapid, which contributes much to the whole world. Karikó was no stranger to awards. In addition to the Nobel Prize, her work was recognized with numerous honors, including the Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research in 2020, the Lasker-DeBakey Medical Research Award in 2021 as well as the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize in 2021. In an interview on her success. she said “I suppose the message of all about this is that perseverance can pay off in the end. I believe in the first 14 years of your life—your teens, your parents, your teachers and your friends. They shape you the person who you will be. ” When asked how to balance her career and the family, her words were “I try to tell fellow female scientists that you don’t have to choose between having a family or career, you can have it, and that you just don’t have to over-assist your child. Your children will watch you and then they will follow. That’s what comes—the example you present. ” 4. What’s the major problem for Karikó’s early research? A. The shortage of funding. B. Her countless failures. C The lack of inspiration. D. Her different nationality. 5. What can we learn about Karikó? A. She received poor education in childhood. B. She was honored with many prizes in parenting. C. She transferred to two different countries for further research. D. She was extraordinary academically in science when young. 6. What does the interview illustrate in the last paragraph? A. The related experiences determine one’s success. B. Modeling is important in educating children. C. Success is purely based on one’s natural talent. D. Females must make choices between family and career. 7. Which of the following best describes Karikó? A. Talented and generous. B. Determined but mean. C. Brilliant and perseverant. D. Intelligent but dependent. C In the 1600s, there were many whales in Cape Cod Bay off the east coast of the America. Today, they number in the hundreds, and they’re endangered. Like them, many species of whales around the world saw their numbers hugely decreased by 200 years of whaling. They were hunted and killed for their whale meat, oil and whale bone. Unfortunately, many people haven’t realized that it is a deadly damage. Actually, whales are ecosystem engineers who help maintain the stability and health of the oceans, and even provide services to human society. Saving whales is critical to the ecosystem of the oceans. What’s really cool is that whales are really important after they’re dead. Whale carcasses(尸体）are some of the largest forms to fall from the ocean’s surface, and they’re called whale fall. As these carcasses sink, they provide a feast (盛宴)to some 400-odd species. Over the 200 years of whaling, when we were busy killing and removing these carcasses from the oceans, we likely changed the geographic spread of these whale falls that would go down into deep oceans, probably leading to a number of extinctions of species that were dependent on these carcasses for their survival. Whale carcasses are also known to transport about 190, 000 tons of carbon, which is the equivalent (等同)of that produced by 80, 000 cars per year from the atmosphere to the deep oceans, and the deep oceans are what we call “carbon sinks,” because they hold extra carbon from the atmosphere, and therefore help to postpone global warming. The 200 years of whaling was clearly harmful and caused a reduction in the population of whales between 60 to 90 percent. Clearly, the Save the Whales movement was helpful in preventing commercial whaling from going on. Let’s save the whales again, but this time, let’s also do it for ours. 8. What does the underlined word “stability” mean in paragraph 1? A. Variety. B. Unchangeableness. C. Significance. D. Safety. 9. What is the direct result of whaling activities over the past 200 years? A. The change of global climate. B. The crash of natural cycle. C The disappearance of some ocean species. D. The extinction of 400 marine species. 10 How do whale carcasses help delay global warming? A. By reducing 190, 000 tons of carbon. B. By carrying carbon into deep oceans. C. By absorbing carbon of80, 000 cars. D. By removing carbon from deep ocean. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To call on people to protect whales. B. To describe the historical process of whaling. C. To demonstrate the extinction of deep-sea species. D. To highlight the importance of whale carcasses. D A heritage language is a language that isn’t the “most powerful” language of a region, but is still learned by children in their homes (thus, it’s their heritage). Any language can be a heritage language, depending on the surrounding social context. English, for example, is often a primary language, but could technically be a heritage language if someone’s English-speaking parents moved from, say, the United Kingdom to Japan. Heritage languages can be someone’s native language, but the two terms aren’t interchangeable. A native language is the language or languages a person learns when they’re very young while heritage languages can be determined by a broad range of social and cultural factors. Usually, people speak their native language very well. Someone’s abilities in their heritage language can vary quite a bit, however. Some people may master it well because they learned it a lot when they were children, while others may speak it but not read it, and still others may struggle with speaking it at all. The United States has over 56 million Spanish speakers, and a large part of those are heritage learners of the language. A research found that the percentage of people who report speaking Spanish “well” drops from 91 to 82 for first-and second-generation immigrants(移民). While that might seem small, it gets much more evident after that, with third - and fourth-generation immigrants dropping to 47 percent. There are a couple of reasons why heritage languages—and Spanish in particular—tends to drop off from generation to generation. The first one is that the heritage language is less important to get around in society. When a person needs the majority language to go to school, get a job and interact with most people around them, it’s not surprising that the heritage language might seem less important. Another reason is some parents encourage their children not to use their heritage language. It’s unfortunate but true that speaking another language is still a cause for discrimination(歧视) today. Heritage languages may have a hard time lasting from generation to generation, but it’s not only a story of decline (衰弱). There are countless people in the world who go out of their way to learn their heritage languages—some learn the heritage language later in life—and help others to do the same. If you’ve ever thought about reconnecting with a heritage language, it’s never too late to get started. There’s no time like the present. 12. How does the author present the issue in paragraph 1? A. By mentioning an expert. B. By explaining a term. C. By describing a scene. D. By providing data. 13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The significance of learning heritage language s when little. B. The variations in people’s abilities to speak heritage languages. C. The differences between heritage languages and native languages. D. The similarities between the broad range of social and cultural factors. 14. What is one reason for the decline of Heritage language s in the US? A. Appearance discrimination. B. Generation gap. C. Varying cultures. D. Losing popularity. 15. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Parents play a key role in protecting heritage languages. B. Heritage languages’ difficult time will end in the near future. C. Efforts have been made towards the heritage languages’ survival. D. Some people consider it too late to bring heritage languages back to life. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever asked yourself why it is, that when the dessert menu arrives, somehow, you always seem to have space? ___16___ The team at the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing found that the same nerve cells (细胞) that make us feel full after a meal are also responsible for our sweet desire afterwards. Here are four ways to work with your body if you want to reduce the sweet tooth. Fill up on fibre (纤维). Upping fibre in the diet can prevent blood sugar rising which drives sugar desires. It causes changes in the stomach that directly affect the brain, making you less likely to long for sugary foods. ___17___ And leave the skins on potatoes for an immediate fibre increase. Ensure healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) in your meal. They make you feel more satisfied and less likely to reach for something sweet after a meal. Healthy fats, in the form of full-fat milk and nuts, and protein in eggs, fish and beans, are important in determining how satisfied you feel. ___18___ Try eating mindfully. The desire for sweet food comes from the need to be comforted, particularly when we are stressed. We often eat a sugary snack because we ignore our body’s hunger signals. So before reaching for that biscuit, ask yourself these questions: ___19___ Am I just bored or in need of a break? ___20___ If you are going to eat dessert, choose smaller parts and find a comfort place in which you eat them. Use a plate, sit down and enjoy your snack. You can make more healthy sweet treats too. Have a square of dark chocolate with a teaspoon of nu t butter to satisfy your sweet tooth in a more sustaining way. A. Focus on what you eat. B. Am I eager for a bar of chocolate? C. So try to include them in every meal. D. Can I ride this out until the next meal? E. Well, researchers might have the answer. F. Enjoy the dessert if you’re going to have it. G. Switch to wholegrain bread, rice and noodles. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lisa Österlund, a healthy 46-year-old, suddenly found swimming and cycling impossible. ___21___ from Graves disease, she couldn't take standard medicine. So she needed strong ___22___ , including powerful drugs, which made her very tired and feel sick. This ___23___ just after she started her perfect job at Swedish Public Radio. Medicine for her eyes left her too worn out to ___24___ on her work. Seeking energy, Lisa turned to ___25___ . In 2018, she started learning French part-time at Stockholm University. Deeply focused on her studies and ___26___ by older students, she felt renewed. ___27___ , her health improved—studying became her “other medicine”. Knowing her illness could return, Lisa sought ___28___ future work, so she had more free time to begin a second degree in French Translation at Lund University. At 52, she used ___29___ she could spare to pay for it, took time off work, and moved into student housing far from home with those of her children's ____30____ . Now with two degrees, Lisa translates French books and works in radio and continues her radio ____31____ . Supported by Sweden's paid study leave policy, she is now ____32____ a Master's degree. Lisa's experience ____33____ education's role in healing（治愈） and creating new paths. Lisa believes studying ____34____ a person by opening minds and connecting them with driven people. Her story stands as ____35____ that embracing learning rebuilds strength and creates fresh opportunities even during difficult times, at any stage of life. 21. A. Recovering B. Suffering C. Benefiting D. Preventing 22. A. experiments B. exercises C. diets D. treatments 23. A. happened B. worked C. disappeared D. ended 24. A. comment B. act C. concentrate D. depend 25. A. education B. travel C. health D. sports 26. A. ignored B. persuaded C. inspired D. puzzled 27. A. Sadly B. Gradually C. Naturally D. Probably 28. A. difficult B. boring C. challenging D. flexible 29. A. savings B. donations C. strength D. efforts 30. A. position B. interest C. age D. advantage 31. A. hobby B. routine C. program D. career 32. A. applying for B. asking for C. caring for D. looking for 33. A. doubts B. explains C. highlights D. describes 34. A. comforts B. transforms C. respects D. judges 35. A. dream B. risk C. theory D. proof 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 36. The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and ________ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. ________(admit),fiction is often more interesting than the truth. (所给词的适当形式填空） 38. Anyhow, it’s easy to see great art nowadays, because people are creating ________ everywhere you look. (用适当的词填空) 39. The horse, ________ resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. (用适当的词填空) 40. ________ (star) Anne Hathaway, it is definitely a movie you should not miss! (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with ________ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. (用适当的词填空) 42. It lists your performance ________ other runners in your social network. (用适当的词填空) 43. Here, you can see ________ (drama) landscapes. They change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. But perhaps the most significant success that people ________ (achieve) to date is in medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us ________ (likely) to take risks than others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分25分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团计划推出一个全新的线上栏目。外教 Mr. Smith提出 “Science in Daily Life”和 “Amazing Arts Around Us”两个选项供大家选择。请给 Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分15分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Ten-year-old Chris waited while his mom reached into her pocket for the key. The house was grand, with big white columns(石柱)in front, a separate garage and a swimming pool. Compared to the tiny apartment he shared with his mom, this was a palace. “Well, ” said his mom, opening the door with the key. “I'll start from the kitchen. You can go upstairs. ” “Sure. ” Chris did as he was told with a big plastic bag to collect the rubbish. Ever since the landlord raised their rent, his mom have had to work on Saturdays to make ends meet. Chris hated that his Mom had to work so hard, so he insisted on helping her out. Chris went into the room where the owner's son slept. It was huge, with a large flat screen TV on the wall. There were also two laptops, a gaming player and a skateboard. Chris felt a sense of envy(嫉妒). When he finished cleaning, he went into the parents' bedroom. As Chris emptied the waste basket, he accidentally knocked it over. He bent to right it and that was when he noticed something shining. He picked it up. It was a shining pin(胸针)—gold, he guessed. It was a bit dusty. It might fall into the waste basket by chance. Did anyone even miss it? His heart started to beat wildly. Who would know if he took it? “No, I shouldn't. ” Chris thought to himself and hesitated. But this family was so rich while his mom was working two jobs. He quickly stuffed the pin into his pocket. They finished ahead of schedule and stopped for pizza on the way home. Only, Chris had no appetite. Days later, when Chris returned home from sports, he found his mom sitting at the table, crying. “What's wrong? ” he asked. “Mrs. Blake said I stole her gold pin, ” she said. “She couldn't prove it, so she was not calling the police. But she fired me. ” Chris was so guilty and ashamed that he couldn't even speak, hesitant to tell his mom what he had done. 注意： (1）续写词数应为80个左右； (2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 That night, Chris could hardly sleep. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 参照秘密级管理★启用前 2024—2025学年度第二学期高一教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To borrow a book. B. To ask about the homework. C. To invite him to a cafe. 2. What will the man da first tomorrow? A. Clean the windows. B. Do the history project. C. Wash the car. 3. When does the man's football practice start? A. At 4: 00 pm. B. At 4: 15 pm. C. At 4: 30 pm. 4. What is the woman probably doing now? A. Watching TV. B. Dressing herself. C. Talking with Diane. 5. What does the speakers' neighbor do? A. He's a pilot. B. He's a musician. C. He's an actor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man say about his writing teacher? A. Creative. B. Kind. C. Strict. 7. What did the man find difficult? A. Creating believable characters. B. Working out a good ending. C. Writing natural dialogues. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Saving up for things. B. Making birthday wishes. C. Getting presents. 9. How much did the woman's bike cost? A. £130. B. £150. C. £180. 10. What does the woman want now? A. A handbag. B. A phone. C. A computer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What sport is Roy Cook good at? A. Football. B. Gymnastics. C. Skiing. 12. For what reason is Lily King unable to take part in the competition? A. Her blindness. B. Her age. C. Her leg injury. 13. Who does the man expect to win the competition? A. Alice Brown. B. Ted Smith. C. Mary Wood. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man make the call? A. To ask for help. B. To discuss a plan. C. To offer an invitation. 15. Where is the man? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In a hotel room. 16. Who is Jeff probably? A. The woman's customer. B. The woman's workmate. C. The woman's husband. 17. How does the man teel now? A. Anxious. B. Proud. C. Satisfied. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which place is the speaker's family going to see tomorrow? A. The Empire State Building. B. The Statue of Liberty. C. The Brookly n Bridge. 19. What did the speaker do yesterday afternoon? A. He made a simple machine. B. He painted some pictures. C. He tried on a space suit. 20. What will the speaker's school project be about? A. Robots. B. Ice. C. Electricity. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Shared mobility (出行) could be a key part of a greener transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this. Here’s the breakdown of barriers to using bikeshares for different people. Barriers to using bikeshares Various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reaching underserved communities. On-demand shared mobility that feeds into well-developed public transportation systems could reduce the number of vehicles in some cities by 90 percent and cut transportation emissions (排放) by 50 percent — but only if it largely replaces private car use. Subsidy (补贴) programs for low-income residents have shown promise in increasing the use of shared mobility while decreasing the use of personal vehicles. E-Bike Library programs include maintaining the bikes, organizing training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people with cycling culture and safety. Mobitwin, a social transportation service for elderly people and those with reduced mobility, lets elderly people request a ride from a volunteer for a small fee. Station-based systems where cars are picked up and dropped off at fixed locations can also make it easier for women to plan for their transportation needs. “Being able to get out and about is a necessary part of participating in society, and reduced mobility goes hand in hand with social loneliness, ” says Esen Köse, a project manager at Mpact. “We want to make sure that people who are often not in the societal cycle of going to work or going to school, who are actually often left out, still have an option to get out of the house and do the simple daily things, like going to the store, going to the hairdresser and seeing families.” 1. In For man, what percentage of barriers does unfamiliarity account for? A. 53%. B. 15%. C. 34%. D. 19%. 2. Which project is most suitable for a female photographer? A. Subsidy programs. B. E-Bike Library programs. C. Mobitwin. D. Station-based systems. 3. What is Esen Köse’s expectation regarding people with reduced mobility? A. Aiding them to get jobs. B. Making them better educated. C. Helping them get around. D. Letting them feel ignored. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了共享出行在构建绿色交通系统中的作用，还列举了不同人群使用共享单车的障碍及一些相关解决方案项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表可知，对于“Lower income (male) (低收入男性)”而言，“BARRIER 1: Lack of familiarity with the bikeshare system (障碍一：对共享单车系统不熟悉)”占比34%，对于“Higher income (male) (高收入男性)”而言，占19%。所以，对男性来说，“对共享单车系统不熟悉”这一障碍占比为53%。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Station-based systems where cars are picked up and dropped off at fixed locations can also make it easier for women to plan for their transportation needs. (在固定地点接送车辆的基于站点的系统也可以让女性更容易规划她们的出行需求)”可知，基于站点的系统能方便女性规划出行，所以对于女性摄影师来说最合适。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Esen Köse的话“We want to make sure that people who are often not in the societal cycle of going to work or going to school, who are actually often left out, still have an option to get out of the house and do the simple daily things, like going to the store, going to the hairdresser and seeing families. (我们想确保那些经常不在上班或上学的社会循环中，实际上经常被忽视的人，仍然有机会走出家门，做一些简单的日常事情，比如去商店、去理发店和看望家人)”可知，Esen Köse期望帮助行动不便的人出行。故选C项。 B Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-born biochemist known for her pioneering research into RNA treatment, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Growing up in a small village, Karikó expressed an interest in nature and excelled academically in science from an early age. After graduating with a doctoral degree, she accepted a position at a Biological Research Centre in Hungary, where she began her investigations of modified nucleosides(核苷). Due to the lack of financial (财政) support for her research, Karikó moved to two different institutions for research in the US, where she made advances that inspired her to explore further. After varieties of failures in applying her findings to medical experiments, which cost large amounts of money, she finally made a major breakthrough, fueled by the urgency to develop a vaccine(疫苗) that could help prevent or reduce the severity of infection. Unlike traditional vaccine development, the generation of mRNA vaccines is relatively rapid, which contributes much to the whole world. Karikó was no stranger to awards. In addition to the Nobel Prize, her work was recognized with numerous honors, including the Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research in 2020, the Lasker-DeBakey Medical Research Award in 2021 as well as the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize in 2021. In an interview on her success. she said “I suppose the message of all about this is that perseverance can pay off in the end. I believe in the first 14 years of your life—your teens, your parents, your teachers and your friends. They shape you the person who you will be. ” When asked how to balance her career and the family, her words were “I try to tell fellow female scientists that you don’t have to choose between having a family or career, you can have it, and that you just don’t have to over-assist your child. Your children will watch you and then they will follow. That’s what comes—the example you present. ” 4. What’s the major problem for Karikó’s early research? A. The shortage of funding. B. Her countless failures. C. The lack of inspiration. D. Her different nationality. 5. What can we learn about Karikó? A. She received poor education in childhood. B. She was honored with many prizes in parenting. C. She transferred to two different countries for further research. D. She was extraordinary academically in science when young. 6. What does the interview illustrate in the last paragraph? A. The related experiences determine one’s success. B. Modeling is important in educating children. C. Success is purely based on one’s natural talent. D. Females must make choices between family and career. 7 Which of the following best describes Karikó? A. Talented and generous. B. Determined but mean. C. Brilliant and perseverant. D. Intelligent but dependent. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了Katalin Karikó的成长经历、科研历程、重大成就及个人观点。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Due to the lack of financial (财政) support for her research, Karikó moved to two different institutions for research in the US, where she made advances that inspired her to explore further.(由于研究缺乏资金支持，Karikó辗转到美国的两所机构从事研究工作，在那里她取得了一些进展，这激励着她进一步探索。)”可知，Karikó早期研究面临的主要问题是资金短缺。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Growing up in a small village, Karikó expressed an interest in nature and excelled academically in science from an early age. After graduating with a doctoral degree, she accepted a position at a Biological Research Centre in Hungary, where she began her investigations of modified nucleosides(核苷).( Karikó在一个小村庄长大，从小就对大自然表现出浓厚的兴趣，并且在科学学科上成绩优异。获得博士学位后，她在匈牙利的一个生物研究中心任职，在那里开始了对修饰核苷的研究。)”可知，Karikó年轻时在科学方面学业出众。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“When asked how to balance her career and the family, her words were “I try to tell fellow female scientists that you don’t have to choose between having a family or career, you can have it, and that you just don’t have to over-assist your child. Your children will watch you and then they will follow. That’s what comes—the example you present. ”(当被问及如何平衡事业和家庭时，她表示：“我想告诉其他女性科学家，不必在家庭和事业之间做选择，两者可以兼顾，而且不必过度帮助孩子。你的孩子会观察你，然后效仿你。这就是榜样的力量。”)”可知，Karikó认为父母的榜样作用在教育孩子过程中至关重要。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-born biochemist known for her pioneering research into RNA treatment, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.( Katalin Karikó是一位出生于匈牙利的生物化学家，以其在RNA疗法方面的开创性研究而闻名，她获得了2023年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。)”可知，Karikó开创性研究mRNA 疫苗并获诺贝尔奖，体现了她才华横溢；再根据第三段“After varieties of failures in applying her findings to medical experiments, which cost large amounts of money, she finally made a major breakthrough, fueled by the urgency to develop a vaccine(疫苗) that could help prevent or reduce the severity of infection.(在将研究成果应用于医学实验的过程中，她经历了种种失败，耗费了大量资金，但在研发一种能够帮助预防或降低感染严重性的疫苗这一迫切需求的推动下，她最终取得了重大突破。)”可知，Karikó在研究中遭遇失败却坚持下去，最终取得了突破，这体现了她的坚持不懈。故选C。 C In the 1600s, there were many whales in Cape Cod Bay off the east coast of the America. Today, they number in the hundreds, and they’re endangered. Like them, many species of whales around the world saw their numbers hugely decreased by 200 years of whaling. They were hunted and killed for their whale meat, oil and whale bone. Unfortunately, many people haven’t realized that it is a deadly damage. Actually, whales are ecosystem engineers who help maintain the stability and health of the oceans, and even provide services to human society. Saving whales is critical to the ecosystem of the oceans. What’s really cool is that whales are really important after they’re dead. Whale carcasses(尸体）are some of the largest forms to fall from the ocean’s surface, and they’re called whale fall. As these carcasses sink, they provide a feast (盛宴)to some 400-odd species. Over the 200 years of whaling, when we were busy killing and removing these carcasses from the oceans, we likely changed the geographic spread of these whale falls that would go down into deep oceans, probably leading to a number of extinctions of species that were dependent on these carcasses for their survival. Whale carcasses are also known to transport about 190, 000 tons of carbon, which is the equivalent (等同)of that produced by 80, 000 cars per year from the atmosphere to the deep oceans, and the deep oceans are what we call “carbon sinks,” because they hold extra carbon from the atmosphere, and therefore help to postpone global warming. The 200 years of whaling was clearly harmful and caused a reduction in the population of whales between 60 to 90 percent. Clearly, the Save the Whales movement was helpful in preventing commercial whaling from going on. Let’s save the whales again, but this time, let’s also do it for ours. 8. What does the underlined word “stability” mean in paragraph 1? A. Variety. B. Unchangeableness. C. Significance. D. Safety. 9. What is the direct result of whaling activities over the past 200 years? A. The change of global climate. B. The crash of natural cycle. C. The disappearance of some ocean species. D. The extinction of 400 marine species. 10. How do whale carcasses help delay global warming? A. By reducing 190, 000 tons of carbon. B. By carrying carbon into deep oceans. C. By absorbing carbon of80, 000 cars. D. By removing carbon from deep ocean. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To call on people to protect whales. B. To describe the historical process of whaling. C. To demonstrate the extinction of deep-sea species. D. To highlight the importance of whale carcasses. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕鲸鱼的生态价值展开，通过科学事实和历史数据，向读者普及鲸鱼保护的重要性。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Actually, whales are ecosystem engineers who help maintain the stability and health of the oceans, and even provide services to human society.(事实上，鲸鱼是生态系统的工程师，它们帮助维持海洋的……与健康，甚至还能为人类社会提供助力。)”可推测，“stability”与“健康”并列，均描述海洋生态系统的良好状态。选项B“Unchangeableness”意为“不改变的”在此处可理解为海洋生态系统的稳定、安全状态，与“维持海洋健康”逻辑一致，符合“stability”在语境中的含义。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the 200 years of whaling, when we were busy killing and removing these carcasses from the oceans, we likely changed the geographic spread of these whale falls that would go down into deep oceans, probably leading to a number of extinctions of species that were dependent on these carcasses for their survival.(在长达200年的捕鲸史中，我们忙着捕杀鲸鱼并将其尸体从海洋中移走，这很可能改变了这些鲸落沉入深海的地理分布，或许还导致了许多依赖这些尸体生存的物种灭绝。)”可知，捕鲸活动的直接结果之一是部分海洋物种的消失。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Whale carcasses are also known to transport about 190, 000 tons of carbon, which is the equivalent (等同)of that produced by 80, 000 cars per year from the atmosphere to the deep oceans, and the deep oceans are what we call “carbon sinks,” because they hold extra carbon from the atmosphere, and therefore help to postpone global warming.(据悉，鲸鱼尸体还能将约19万吨碳从大气中输送到深海——这相当于每年 8万辆汽车所产生的碳排放量。而深海被我们称为“碳汇”，因为它们能储存大气中多余的碳，从而有助于延缓全球变暖。)”可知，鲸鱼尸体通过将碳输送到深海来延缓全球变暖。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇指出鲸鱼因捕鲸活动数量锐减，强调鲸鱼对海洋生态系统的重要性（维持稳定、鲸落的作用、碳汇功能等），结尾明确呼吁“Let’s save the whales again, but this time, let’s also do it for ours”（让我们再次拯救鲸鱼，这一次也是为了我们自己）。由此可见，文章的核心目的是“呼吁人们保护鲸鱼”。故选A。 D A heritage language is a language that isn’t the “most powerful” language of a region, but is still learned by children in their homes (thus, it’s their heritage). Any language can be a heritage language, depending on the surrounding social context. English, for example, is often a primary language, but could technically be a heritage language if someone’s English-speaking parents moved from, say, the United Kingdom to Japan. Heritage languages can be someone’s native language but the two terms aren’t interchangeable. A native language is the language or languages a person learns when they’re very young while heritage languages can be determined by a broad range of social and cultural factors. Usually, people speak their native language very well. Someone’s abilities in their heritage language can vary quite a bit, however. Some people may master it well because they learned it a lot when they were children, while others may speak it but not read it, and still others may struggle with speaking it at all. The United States has over 56 million Spanish speakers, and a large part of those are heritage learners of the language. A research found that the percentage of people who report speaking Spanish “well” drops from 91 to 82 for first-and second-generation immigrants(移民). While that might seem small, it gets much more evident after that, with third - and fourth-generation immigrants dropping to 47 percent. There are a couple of reasons why heritage languages—and Spanish in particular—tends to drop off from generation to generation. The first one is that the heritage language is less important to get around in society. When a person needs the majority language to go to school, get a job and interact with most people around them, it’s not surprising that the heritage language might seem less important. Another reason is some parents encourage their children not to use their heritage language. It’s unfortunate but true that speaking another language is still a cause for discrimination(歧视) today. Heritage languages may have a hard time lasting from generation to generation, but it’s not only a story of decline (衰弱). There are countless people in the world who go out of their way to learn their heritage languages—some learn the heritage language later in life—and help others to do the same. If you’ve ever thought about reconnecting with a heritage language, it’s never too late to get started. There’s no time like the present. 12. How does the author present the issue in paragraph 1? A. By mentioning an expert. B. By explaining a term. C. By describing a scene. D. By providing data. 13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The significance of learning heritage language s when little. B. The variations in people’s abilities to speak heritage languages. C. The differences between heritage languages and native languages. D. The similarities between the broad range of social and cultural factors. 14. What is one reason for the decline of Heritage language s in the US? A. Appearance discrimination. B. Generation gap. C. Varying cultures. D. Losing popularity. 15. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Parents play a key role in protecting heritage languages. B. Heritage languages’ difficult time will end in the near future. C. Efforts have been made towards the heritage languages’ survival. D. Some people consider it too late to bring heritage languages back to life. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传承语的定义、与母语的区别，以美国西班牙语为例说明其代际衰减现象及原因，同时提到有人主动学习，鼓励人们重拾传承语。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A heritage language is a language that isn’t the ‘most powerful’ language of a region, but is still learned by children in their homes (thus, it’s their heritage).(传承语言是指在某个地区并非‘最强势’的语言，但仍由儿童在家中学习（因此是他们的“传承”）)”可知，第一段是用解释术语的方法提出主题的。故选B项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段首句即主题句“Heritage languages can be someone’s native language, but the two terms aren’t interchangeable. A native language is the language or languages a person learns when they’re very young while heritage languages can be determined by a broad range of social and cultural factors. (传承语言可以是某人的母语，但这两个术语并不完全相同。母语是指一个人在很小的时候学习的语言，而传承语言则受到更广泛的社会和文化因素的影响)”可知，本段主要介绍传承语言和母语之间的差异。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“There are a couple of reasons why heritage languages—and Spanish in particular—tends to drop off from generation to generation. The first one is that the heritage language is less important to get around in society. When a person needs the majority language to go to school, get a job and interact with most people around them, it’s not surprising that the heritage language might seem less important. (传承语言——尤其是西班牙语——之所以在代际之间逐渐流失，有几个原因。首先，在社会中，传承语言的重要性相对较低。当一个人需要使用主流语言上学、找工作，并与周围大多数人交流时，传承语言就显得不那么重要了)”可知，传承语言呈现衰退的其中一个原因是因为这种语言在生活和工作中不是主流语言，使用范围太小，不流行。故选D项。 15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are countless people in the world who go out of their way to learn their heritage languages—some learn the heritage language later in life—and help others to do the same. If you’ve ever thought about reconnecting with a heritage language, it’s never too late to get started. There’s no time like the present.(世界上有无数人努力去学习自己的传承语言——有些人是在人生的后期才开始学习的——并帮助他人也这样做。如果你曾经想过重新连接自己的传承语言，现在就是开始的最好时机)”可知，本段介绍了很多人为传承语言的继续存在而做出努力。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever asked yourself why it is, that when the dessert menu arrives, somehow, you always seem to have space? ___16___ The team at the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing found that the same nerve cells (细胞) that make us feel full after a meal are also responsible for our sweet desire afterwards. Here are four ways to work with your body if you want to reduce the sweet tooth. Fill up on fibre (纤维). Upping fibre in the diet can prevent blood sugar rising which drives sugar desires. It causes changes in the stomach that directly affect the brain, making you less likely to long for sugary foods. ___17___ And leave the skins on potatoes for an immediate fibre increase. Ensure healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) in your meal. They make you feel more satisfied and less likely to reach for something sweet after a meal. Healthy fats, in the form of full-fat milk and nuts, and protein in eggs, fish and beans, are important in determining how satisfied you feel. ___18___ Try eating mindfully. The desire for sweet food comes from the need to be comforted, particularly when we are stressed. We often eat a sugary snack because we ignore our body’s hunger signals. So before reaching for that biscuit, ask yourself these questions: ___19___ Am I just bored or in need of a break? ___20___ If you are going to eat dessert, choose smaller parts and find a comfort place in which you eat them. Use a plate, sit down and enjoy your snack. You can make more healthy sweet treats too. Have a square of dark chocolate with a teaspoon of nu t butter to satisfy your sweet tooth in a more sustaining way. A. Focus on what you eat. B. Am I eager for a bar of chocolate? C. So try to include them in every meal. D. Can I ride this out until the next meal? E. Well, researchers might have the answer. F. Enjoy the dessert if you’re going to have it. G. Switch to wholegrain bread, rice and noodles. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家揭示饭后想吃甜食的原因，并提供了减少对甜食渴望的四种方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“Have you ever asked yourself why it is, that when the dessert menu arrives, somehow, you always seem to have space? (你有没有问过自己，为什么当甜点菜单端上来的时候，不知怎么的，你似乎总是有空间？)”和下文“The team at the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing found that the same nerve cells (细胞) that make us feel full after a meal are also responsible for our sweet desire afterwards. (马克斯·普朗克衰老生物学研究所的研究小组发现，让我们饭后有饱腹感的同一组神经细胞也负责我们之后的甜食欲望。)”可知，本空应表明研究人员可能有上述现象的答案。E选项“Well, researchers might have the answer. (那么研究人员可能找到了答案。)”符合题意，能承上启下。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上文“Upping fibre in the diet can prevent blood sugar rising which drives sugar desires. It causes changes in the stomach that directly affect the brain, making you less likely to long for sugary foods. (增加饮食中的纤维可以防止血糖升高，从而抑制对糖的渴望。它会引起胃部的变化，直接影响大脑，使你不太可能渴望含糖食物。)”和下文“And leave the skins on potatoes for an immediate fibre increase. (保留土豆皮可以立即增加纤维。)”可知，本空应建议增加纤维的方法，G选项“Switch to wholegrain bread, rice and noodles. (改吃全麦面包、米饭和面条。)”也是增加纤维的方法，符合题意。故选G。 【18题详解】 由上文“Ensure healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) in your meal. They make you feel more satisfied and less likely to reach for something sweet after a meal. Healthy fats, in the form of full-fat milk and nuts, and protein in eggs, fish and beans, are important in determining how satisfied you feel. (确保你的饮食中含有健康的脂肪和蛋白质。它们会让你感到更满足，减少饭后吃甜食的可能性。健康脂肪，如全脂牛奶和坚果，以及鸡蛋、鱼和豆类中的蛋白质，在决定你的满足感方面很重要。)”可知，健康脂肪和蛋白质很重要，所以要坚持吃。C选项“So try to include them in every meal. (所以尽量每餐都吃。)”符合题意，是对上文的总结和建议。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上文“Try eating mindfully. The desire for sweet food comes from the need to be comforted, particularly when we are stressed. We often eat a sugary snack because we ignore our body’s hunger signals. So before reaching for that biscuit, ask yourself these questions: (尝试用心进食。对甜食的渴望源于我们渴望得到安慰的需求，尤其是在我们倍感压力的时候。我们常常会吃含糖零食，是因为我们忽略了身体发出的饥饿信号。所以，在伸手去拿那块饼干之前，先问问自己这些问题：)”及下文“Am I just bored or in need of a break? (我只是觉得无聊还是需要休息一下？)”可知，本空应是一个与吃甜食欲望相关的问题，用于引导读者进行自我反思。B 选项“Am I eager for a bar of chocolate? (我渴望一块巧克力吗？)”只是单纯询问是否想吃某种甜食，并没有触及“渴望的本质”，与上文“判断需求合理性”的逻辑不匹配。而D选项 “Can I ride this out until the next meal? (我能坚持到下一顿饭吗？)”则是通过思考“是否真的饥饿到必须吃甜食”来判断需求的真实性，与上下文“反思渴望背后的原因”的核心逻辑一致，更符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 由下文“If you are going to eat dessert, choose smaller parts and find a comfort place in which you eat them. Use a plate, sit down and enjoy your snack. You can make more healthy sweet treats too. (如果你要吃甜点，选择小份的，找一个舒服的地方吃。用盘子盛着，坐下来享受你的零食。你也可以做更多健康的甜食。)”可知，本空应建议想吃甜食的享受建议，F选项“Enjoy the dessert if you’re going to have it. (如果你要吃甜点，就好好享受吧。)”符合题意，是对下文的概括。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lisa Österlund, a healthy 46-year-old, suddenly found swimming and cycling impossible. ___21___ from Graves disease, she couldn't take standard medicine. So she needed strong ___22___ , including powerful drugs, which made her very tired and feel sick. This ___23___ just after she started her perfect job at Swedish Public Radio. Medicine for her eyes left her too worn out to ___24___ on her work. Seeking energy, Lisa turned to ___25___ . In 2018, she started learning French part-time at Stockholm University. Deeply focused on her studies and ___26___ by older students, she felt renewed. ___27___ , her health improved—studying became her “other medicine”. Knowing her illness could return, Lisa sought ___28___ future work, so she had more free time to begin a second degree in French Translation at Lund University. At 52, she used ___29___ she could spare to pay for it, took time off work, and moved into student housing far from home with those of her children's ____30____ . Now with two degrees, Lisa translates French books and works in radio and continues her radio ____31____ . Supported by Sweden's paid study leave policy, she is now ____32____ a Master's degree. Lisa's experience ____33____ education's role in healing（治愈） and creating new paths. Lisa believes studying ____34____ a person by opening minds and connecting them with driven people. Her story stands as ____35____ that embracing learning rebuilds strength and creates fresh opportunities, even during difficult times, at any stage of life. 21. A. Recovering B. Suffering C. Benefiting D. Preventing 22. A. experiments B. exercises C. diets D. treatments 23. A. happened B. worked C. disappeared D. ended 24. A. comment B. act C. concentrate D. depend 25. A. education B. travel C. health D. sports 26. A. ignored B. persuaded C. inspired D. puzzled 27. A. Sadly B. Gradually C. Naturally D. Probably 28. A. difficult B. boring C. challenging D. flexible 29. A. savings B. donations C. strength D. efforts 30. A. position B. interest C. age D. advantage 31. A. hobby B. routine C. program D. career 32. A. applying for B. asking for C. caring for D. looking for 33. A. doubts B. explains C. highlights D. describes 34. A. comforts B. transforms C. respects D. judges 35. A. dream B. risk C. theory D. proof 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了46岁原本健康的丽莎，因患格雷夫斯病无法服用标准药物，接受的治疗使她疲惫不适，影响工作。为寻求精力，她转向学习，在学习法语过程中健康得到改善。考虑到病情可能反复，她选择灵活的工作，继续学习并获得两个学位，如今从事法语翻译和电台工作，还在申请硕士学位，她的经历证明了学习能在困难时期重塑力量、创造机会。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于患有格雷夫斯病，她不能服用标准药物。A. Recovering恢复；B. Suffering遭受；C. Benefiting受益；D. Preventing阻止。根据下文“Graves disease”可知，这里指丽莎患格雷夫斯病。suffer from为固定短语，意为“遭受……疾病”，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她需要强力治疗，包括服用强效药物，这让她非常疲惫且感到恶心。A. experiments实验；B. exercises锻炼；C. diets饮食；D. treatments治疗。根据下文“including powerful drugs”可知，服用药物是一种治疗方式，这里指她需要治疗，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件事就发生在她在瑞典公共广播电台开始那份理想工作之后。A. happened发生；B. worked起作用，工作；C. disappeared消失；D. ended结束。这里指她生病这件事发生在开始新工作之后，happen符合语境，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗眼睛的药物让她疲惫不堪，无法集中精力工作。A. comment评论；B. act行动；C. concentrate集中（注意力）；D. depend依靠。根据上文“too worn out”可知，她因疲惫无法集中精力工作，concentrate on“集中精力于……”，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了寻求活力，丽莎转向了学习。A. education教育，学习；B. travel旅行；C. health健康；D. sports运动。根据下文“she started learning French part - time at Stockholm University”可知，她开始学习法语，所以是转向学习，故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她全身心投入学习，并受到年长学生的鼓舞，感觉焕然一新。A. ignored忽视；B. persuaded说服；C. inspired鼓舞；D. puzzled使困惑。根据下文“she felt renewed”可知，她感觉焕然一新，受到年长学生鼓舞符合语境，故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她的健康状况有所改善——学习成了她的“另一种药物”。A. Sadly悲伤地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Probably可能地。根据常识可知，健康状况改善是一个逐渐的过程，gradually符合语境，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道自己的病情可能会复发，丽莎寻找灵活的未来工作，这样她就有更多空闲时间在隆德大学开始攻读法语翻译的第二个学位。A. difficult困难的；B. boring无聊的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“so she had more free time”可知，她需要有更多空闲时间，所以找的是灵活的工作，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：52岁时，她用自己能省下的积蓄支付学费，请假离开工作，搬到离家很远的学生宿舍，和与她孩子年龄相仿的人住在一起。A. savings积蓄；B. donations捐赠；C. strength力量；D. efforts努力。根据下文“to pay for it”可知，这里指用积蓄支付学费，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：52岁时，她用自己能省下的积蓄支付学费，请假离开工作，搬到离家很远的学生宿舍，和与她孩子年龄相仿的人住在一起。A. position位置；B. interest兴趣；C. age年龄；D. advantage优势。根据上文“begin a second degree in French Translation at Lund University.”可知，在学生宿舍住的是学生，年龄和她孩子相仿，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在丽莎拥有两个学位，从事法语书籍翻译工作，还在电台工作，继续她的电台职业生涯。A. hobby爱好；B. routine日常；C. program节目；D. career职业。根据上文“works in radio”可知，她在电台有工作，这里指继续电台职业生涯，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在瑞典带薪学习假政策的支持下，她现在正在申请硕士学位。A. applying for申请；B. asking for要求；C. caring for照顾；D. looking for寻找。根据下文“a Master's degree”可知，是申请硕士学位，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎的经历突显了教育在治愈和开辟新道路方面的作用。A. doubts怀疑；B. explains解释；C. highlights突显；D. describes描述。丽莎通过学习改善健康并开启新工作路径，她的经历突显了教育的作用，highlight符合语境，故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎相信学习通过开阔思维并将人们与有干劲的人联系起来，从而改变一个人。A. comforts安慰；B. transforms改变；C. respects尊重；D. judges判断。根据下文“opening minds and connecting them with driven people”可知，学习对人有改变作用，transform符合语境，故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事就是证明，接受学习能重塑力量并创造新机会，即使在困难时期，在人生的任何阶段都是如此。A. dream梦想；B. risk风险；C. theory理论；D. proof证明。根据下文“t embracing learning rebuilds strength and creates fresh opportunities, even during difficult times, at any stage of life.”可知，丽莎的经历证明了学习的作用，proof符合语境，故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 36. The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and ________ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be understood 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人类最基本的需要是理解和被理解的需要。need to do sth.需要做某事。这里and连接两个并列的成分，且表示“被理解”，用被动语态 be understood。故填 be understood。 37. ________(admit),fiction is often more interesting than the truth. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Admittedly 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：诚然，小说往往比事实更有趣。此处是副词修饰整个句子，所给词admit是动词，其副词是admittedly，位于句子开头要大写。故填Admittedly。 38. Anyhow, it’s easy to see great art nowadays, because people are creating ________ everywhere you look. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：不管怎样，如今很容易看到伟大的艺术作品，因为无论你往哪里看，人们都在创造它。本空指代句中的great art，作creating的宾语，用代词it。故填it。 39. The horse, ________ resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. (用适当词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这匹马，无论是在休息还是在运动，都给了他很多灵感。固定搭配whether...or...意为“无论是……还是……”符合题意。故填whether。 40. ________ (star) Anne Hathaway, it is definitely a movie you should not miss! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Starring 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由安妮·海瑟薇主演，这绝对是一部你不容错过的电影！句中有谓语is,空处需要填入非谓语动词。动词star意为“主演，由……担任主角”其逻辑主语为句子主语it（指代电影），二者之间为主动关系，因此应使用现在分词starring，为影视英语的固定表达，在句中作原因状语。故填Starring。 41. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with ________ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：几个月后，瑞安筹集了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建造了一口井。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the $2,000。先行词指物，在从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 42. It lists your performance ________ other runners in your social network. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】against 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：它会将你与社交网络中其他跑步者的表现进行对比列举出来。“against”有“与……相比”的意思，在此处表示你的表现与其他跑步者的表现相比较，作状语。故填against。 43. Here, you can see ________ (drama) landscapes. They change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dramatic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这里，你可以看到引人注目的风景。它们从山脉变为草原，从森林变为河流。作定语修饰名词landscapes，需用形容词形式dramatic表示“引人注目的，给人印象深刻的”。故填dramatic。 44. But perhaps the most significant success that people ________ (achieve) to date is in medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have achieved 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：但迄今为止，人们所取得的最为重大的成就或许在于医学领域。所填动词在从句“that people ________ (achieve)”中作谓语动词，结合时间状语“to date (迄今，到现在为止)”可知，用现在完成时，从句主语“people”为复数意义，应是“have done”。故填have achieved。 45. Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us ________ (likely) to take risks than others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more likely 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：最近的研究表明，冒险可能是人性的一部分，我们中的一些人比其他人更容易冒险。根据介词than可知，用形容词的比较级形式。likely的比较级是 more likely，表示“更有可能的”。故填more likely。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分25分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团计划推出一个全新的线上栏目。外教 Mr. Smith提出 “Science in Daily Life”和 “Amazing Arts Around Us”两个选项供大家选择。请给 Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文1： Dear Mr. Smith, I’m excited about the English club’s plan to launch a new online column! After weighing the options, I strongly support “Science in Daily Life”. First and foremost, this column can bridge the gap between abstract science and our daily routines. By explaining how science applies to cooking, transportation, or even smartphone functions, it makes complex concepts accessible and interesting for all students. Moreover, it aligns with our school’s emphasis on cultivating scientific literacy. Unlike “Amazing Arts Around Us” which focuses more on the charm of art, “Science in Daily Life” can inspire practical curiosity and critical thinking among readers. For example, articles about eco-friendly inventions could encourage students to adopt greener lifestyles. I believe this choice will not only enrich the campaign but it will also spark students’ passion for exploring the scientific world around them. Yours, Li Hua 参考范文2： Dear Mr. Smith, I’m excited about the English club’s plan to launch a new online column! After weighing the options, I strongly support “Amazing Arts Around Us”. This choice is meaningful for several reasons. Above all, it offers a platform for us to appreciate diverse masterpieces by well known artists at home and abroad, further fostering creativity and broadening our horizons. Additionally, I believe it will be a vibrant platform for self-expression and cultural exchange. We can gain deep insights into varieties of cultures and ideas related to art, which is bound to sharpen our critical thinking mindset. Eventually, in this globalized era, art has the potential to break the barrier in languages, allowing us to appreciate the charm of art regardless of where we are. Unlike “Science in Daily Life” which focuses more on cultivating scientific literacy, it features cultural exchanges and individual stories. I believe not only can this column make our campaign more appealing but also it can add beauty and energy to our campus life. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信。要求考生给 Mr. Smith写一封邮件，就校英语社团计划推出一个全新的线上栏目一事，给出自己的选择。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：first and foremost→ first of all 此外：moreover→ what’s more 强调：emphasis→ stress 专注于：focus on→ concentrate on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：After weighing the options, I strongly support “Science in Daily Life”. 拓展句：After I weigh the options, I strongly support “Science in Daily Life”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】By explaining how science applies to cooking, transportation, or even smartphone functions, it makes complex concepts accessible and interesting for all students.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Unlike “Amazing Arts Around Us” which focuses more on the charm of art, “Science in Daily Life” can inspire practical curiosity and critical thinking among readers.（运用了which引导的定语从句） 第二节（满分15分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Ten-year-old Chris waited while his mom reached into her pocket for the key. The house was grand, with big white columns(石柱)in front, a separate garage and a swimming pool. Compared to the tiny apartment he shared with his mom, this was a palace. “Well, ” said his mom, opening the door with the key. “I'll start from the kitchen. You can go upstairs. ” “Sure. ” Chris did as he was told with a big plastic bag to collect the rubbish. Ever since the landlord raised their rent, his mom have had to work on Saturdays to make ends meet. Chris hated that his Mom had to work so hard, so he insisted on helping her out. Chris went into the room where the owner's son slept. It was huge, with a large flat screen TV on the wall. There were also two laptops, a gaming player and a skateboard. Chris felt a sense of envy(嫉妒). When he finished cleaning, he went into the parents' bedroom. As Chris emptied the waste basket, he accidentally knocked it over. He bent to right it and that was when he noticed something shining. He picked it up. It was a shining pin(胸针)—gold, he guessed. It was a bit dusty. It might fall into the waste basket by chance. Did anyone even miss it? His heart started to beat wildly. Who would know if he took it? “No, I shouldn't. ” Chris thought to himself and hesitated. But this family was so rich while his mom was working two jobs. He quickly stuffed the pin into his pocket. They finished ahead of schedule and stopped for pizza on the way home. Only, Chris had no appetite. Days later, when Chris returned home from sports, he found his mom sitting at the table, crying. “What's wrong? ” he asked. “Mrs. Blake said I stole her gold pin, ” she said. “She couldn't prove it, so she was not calling the police. But she fired me. ” Chris was so guilty and ashamed that he couldn't even speak, hesitant to tell his mom what he had done. 注意： (1）续写词数应为80个左右； (2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 That night, Chris could hardly sleep. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: That night Chris could hardly sleep. Tossing and turning all night, he struggled with what he did before he eventually made a decision. The next day, he told his mother his deed. In shock, she urged him to take responsibility for his mistake. They took a bus to Mrs. Blake’ s. Chris admitted that it was he who took the gold pin by accident and begged not to fire his mother. With heart in his mouth, he lowered his head sobbing. Mrs. Blake praised his courage to admit his fault, forgave him and also decided to continue hiring his mother. In watery eyes, Chris returned the pin and went home with a burden lifted off his mind. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了十岁男孩Chris在帮助母亲做清洁工作时，因一时贪念偷拿了房主家的金胸针，随后因内疚和良心不安最终主动承认错误、归还胸针，并挽回母亲工作的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由本段首句内容“那天晚上，Chris几乎没睡着。”可知，本段可描写Chris最终向Blake夫人承认了一切，挽回了母亲的工作。 2.续写线索：Chris根本睡不着——Chris内心一直在挣扎，最终做了决定——第二天，他向妈妈承认了自己的所作所为——妈妈非常生气，让他为自己的错误负责——于是，Chris向Blake夫人承认了自己的错误，并恳求对方Blake夫人不要解雇妈妈——Blake夫人称赞他的勇气，并决定继续雇佣他的妈妈 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①力劝：urge/ push ②对……负责：take responsibility for/be responsible for ③继续：continue/go on 情绪类 ①震惊：shock/astonishment ② 恳求：beg/ solicit 【点睛】【高分句型1】Tossing and turning all night, he struggled with what he did before he eventually made a decision.（运用了what引导的宾语从句和before引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】Chris admitted that it was he who took the gold pin by accident and begged not to fire his mother.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和强调句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $