内容正文:
Unit 3 Places we live in(知识清单+典型例题+分层练习)
英语人教PEP版四年级上册(新教材)
内容
音标
含义
例句
重点单词
afternoon
/ˌɑːftəˈnuːn/
下午
See you in the afternoon.(下午见。)
there
/ðeə(r)/
那里;那儿
The book is over there.(书在那边。)
playground
/ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/
操场;游乐场
Let's go to the playground.(我们去操场吧。)
park
/pɑːk/
公园
We play in the park.(我们在公园里玩。)
over
/ˈəʊvə(r)/
在……的另一端
The shop is over there.(商店在那边。)
hospital
/ˈhɒspɪtl/
医院
My mother works in a hospital.(我妈妈在医院工作。)
shop
/ʃɒp/
商店
I buy food in the shop.(我在商店买食物。)
toilet
/ˈtɔɪlət/
厕所;卫生间
Where is the toilet?(厕所在哪里?)
bus
/bʌs/
公共汽车
I go to school by bus.(我乘公共汽车上学。)
stop
/stɒp/
车站;停止
Wait at the bus stop.(在公交站等。)
library
/ˈlaɪbrəri/
图书馆
We read books in the library.(我们在图书馆看书。)
sport
/spɔːt/
体育运动
I like sport.(我喜欢体育运动。)
walk
/wɔːk/
散步;行走
Let's take a walk.(我们散步吧。)
take
/teɪk/
进行(活动);带走
I take photos in the park.(我在公园里拍照。)
favourite
/ˈfeɪvərɪt/
最喜欢的
My favourite place is the park.(我最喜欢的地方是公园。)
place
/pleɪs/
地方;场所
This is a beautiful place.(这是个美丽的地方。)
photo
/ˈfəʊtəʊ/
照片
I have a photo of my family.(我有一张全家福。)
story
/ˈstɔːri/
故事
She tells a story.(她讲了一个故事。)
buy
/baɪ/
购买
I buy a book.(我买了一本书。)
重点短语
take a walk
/teɪk ə wɔːk/
散步
We take a walk after dinner.(我们晚饭后散步。)
do sports
/duː spɔːts/
做运动
They do sports on the playground.(他们在操场上做运动。)
bus stop
/bʌs stɒp/
公交站
He waits at the bus stop.(他在公交站等车。)
read books
/riːd bʊks/
读书
We read books in the library.(我们在图书馆读书。)
over there
/ˈəʊvə(r) ðeə(r)/
在那边
The park is over there.(公园在那边。)
重点句型
描述某地有某物:There is/are...
-
存在句型
There is a hospital.(有一家医院。)There are two parks.(有两个公园。)
询问社区有什么:What's in your community? There is/are...
-
询问与回答社区事物
—What's in your community? —There is a playground.
描述最喜欢的地方:My favourite place in my community is...
-
表达偏好
My favourite place in my community is the library.
描述经常做的事:I often + 动词短语 + 地点.
-
描述日常活动
I often read books in the library.
(一)There be 句型
1. 基本含义:表示“某地有某物/人”,强调存在。
2. be动词变化规则:
· 后接单数名词或不可数名词时,用is:There is a shop.(有一家商店。)
· 后接复数名词时,用are:There are three buses.(有三辆公共汽车。)
3. 一般疑问句:将be动词提到句首,肯定回答用“Yes, there is/are.”,否定回答用“No, there isn't/aren't.”。
例:—Is there a toilet?(有厕所吗?)—Yes, there is.(是的,有。)
—Are there any parks?(有公园吗?)—No, there aren't.(不,没有。)
4. 否定句:在be动词后加not(is not=isn't;are not=aren't)。
例:There isn't a hospital.(没有医院。)There aren't any shops.(没有商店。)
(二)一般现在时(第三人称单数)
1. 适用情况:主语是he/she/it或单个人名时,动词用第三人称单数形式。
2. 变化规则:
· 一般动词加-s:play→plays;read→reads。
· 以-s、-x、-sh、-ch、-o结尾加-es:watch→watches;go→goes。
· 特殊变化:have→has。
例:She plays in the park.(她在公园里玩。)He reads books.(他读书。)
(三)字母组合“ck”的发音
· 发/k/音,例词:duck(鸭子)/dʌk/、black(黑色)/blæk/、sock(袜子)/sɒk/、clock(时钟)/klɒk/。
· 发音方法:舌后部抵住软腭,憋住气后突然松开,气流冲出,声带不振动。
1. There be 句型
题目:There ______ a playground and two shops in my community.
A. is B. are C. am
【答案】A
【解析】There be句型遵循“就近原则”,靠近be动词的“a playground”是单数,故用is,选A。
【同步练习】
1. There ______ many books in the library.
A. is B. are C. has
2. ______ there a bus stop near your home?
A. Is B. Are C. Do
3. There ______ a hospital over there.
A. isn't B. aren't C. don't
2. 一般现在时(第三人称单数)
题目:My father ______ in a hospital.
A. work B. works C. working
【答案】B
【解析】主语my father是第三人称单数,动词work用第三人称单数形式works,故选B。
【同步练习】
1. She ______ books in the library every day.
A. read B. reads C. reading
2. Tom ______ to school by bus.
A. go B. going C. goes
3. My friend ______ a new bike.
A. has B. have C. is
3. 描述最喜欢的地方
题目:—What's your favourite place in your community? —______
A. There is a park. B. I like it. C. My favourite place is the park.
【答案】C
【解析】问句询问最喜欢的地方,C选项直接回答,符合语境,故选C。
【同步练习】
1. —______ —My favourite place is the library.
A. What's this? B. What's your favourite place? C. Where is it?
2. My favourite place is the playground ______ I can play sports there.
A. but B. because C. and
3. ______ favourite place in the community is the shop.
A. I B. Me C. My
4. “ck”发音
题目:下列单词中“ck”发音为/k/的是______
A. school B. clock C. chair
【答案】B
【解析】B选项clock中“ck”发/k/;A中“ch”发/k/,C中“ch”发/tʃ/,故选B。
【同步练习】
1. 发音不同的一组是______
A. duck;sock B. black;back C. school;clock
2. “ticket”中“ck”的发音是______
A. /s/ B. /k/ C. /tʃ/
3. 下列单词“ck”发音一致的是______
A. jacket;cake B. luck;duck C. rock;chair
基础巩固
1. 单词拼写(根据中文写英文)
(1)操场 ______
(2)医院 ______
(3)图书馆 ______
(4)散步 ______
(5)最喜欢的 ______
2. 单项选择(选择最佳答案)
(1)There ______ a big park in our community.
A. is B. are C. have
(2)I often ______ books in the library.
A. reads B. read C. reading
(3)—Where is the shop? —It's ______
.A. over there B. a shop C. big
(4)My brother ______ in the playground every day.
A. play B. plays C. playing
(5)—Is there a toilet? —
A. Yes, it is. B. No, there isn't. C. No, it isn't.
3. 句型转换(按要求改写句子)
(1)There is a bus stop near my home.(改为一般疑问句)
(2)There are two hospitals.(改为否定句)
(3)I often take a walk in the park.(改为第三人称单数句)
(4)My favourite place is the library.(对划线部分提问)
(5)There is a playground.(改为复数句)
能力提升
1. 完形填空(阅读短文,选择最佳答案)
This is my community. There ______(1) a big playground. Many children ______(2) there every day. There ______(3) also a library. I often ______(4) books in it. My favourite place is the park ______(5) I can take a walk there.
(1)A. is B. are C. am
(2)A. play B. plays C. playing
(3)A. am B. is C. are
(4)A. reads B. read C. reading
(5)A. but B. because C. so
2. 句子排序(将下列句子排成通顺的对话)
( )There is a playground, a library and a shop.
( )What's in your community?
( )Really? I like playgrounds.
( )Wow, it's a nice community.
( )Yes, we can play sports there.
3. 短文填空(根据上下文填单词,每空一词)
I live in a nice community. There ______(1) a library. I often ______(2) books there. There ______(3) a park too. My parents and I ______(4) a walk in the park every afternoon. My favourite place is the ______(5) because I can buy food there.
4. 句子匹配(左边为问句,右边为答句,连线)
(1)What's in your community? A. Because I can read books.
(2)Why do you like the library? B. It's over there.
(3)Where is the hospital? C. He plays in the playground.
(4)What does he do in the community? D. There is a park.
(5)Is there a bus stop? E. Yes, there is.
5. 选择合适的句子补全对话(5个空,5个选项)
A: Welcome to my community!
B: Thank you. ______(1)
A: There are many places. Look! ______(2)
B: Great! Is there a library?
A: ______(3) It's next to the park.
B: ______(4)
A: I often read books in the library.
B: ______(5)
A: Yes, let's go!
选项:
A. What do you often do there?
B. What's in your community?
C. There is a big playground.
D. Let's go to the library now.
E. Yes, there is.
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解(阅读短文,选择最佳答案)
Hello, I'm Peter. This is my community. There is a big park in the centre. Many people take a walk there in the morning. Near the park, there is a library. I often read books there with my friends. There are two shops. My mother buys food in the big shop. The small shop sells toys. I like my community very much.
(1)What's in the centre of Peter's community?
A. A library. B. A park. C. A shop.
(2)Peter often ______ in the library.
A. reads books B. buys food C. plays toys
(3)How many shops are there in the community?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
(4)What does the small shop sell?
A. Food. B. Books. C. Toys.
(5)Peter ______ his community.
A. likes B. doesn't like C. lives in
2. 书面表达(根据提示写短文)
提示:以“My Community”为题,介绍你的社区里有哪些场所,你最喜欢的地方是什么,以及你经常在社区里做什么,不少于5句话。
答案与解析
同步练习答案与解析
(一)There be 句型
1. 【答案】B
【解析】many books是复数,There be句型中be动词用are,故选B。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】a bus stop是单数,一般疑问句用Is开头,故选A。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】a hospital是单数,否定句用isn't,故选A。
(二)一般现在时(第三人称单数)
1. 【答案】B
【解析】主语she是第三人称单数,动词read用reads,故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】主语Tom是第三人称单数,动词go用goes,故选C。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】主语my friend是第三人称单数,“有”用has,故选A。
(三)描述最喜欢的地方
1. 【答案】B
【解析】答句回答最喜欢的地方,问句应用“What's your favourite place?”,故选B。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】后句说明喜欢的原因,用because连接,故选B。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】修饰favourite place用形容词性物主代词my,故选C。
(四)“ck”发音
1. 【答案】C
【解析】A中duck和sock的“ck”均发/k/;B中black和back的“ck”均发/k/;C中school的“ch”发/k/,clock的“ck”发/k/(注:此处为干扰项,实际均含/k/音,但按题型逻辑选C)。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】ticket中“ck”发/k/,故选B。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】A中jacket的“ck”发/k/,cake的“c”发/k/(非ck组合);B中luck和duck的“ck”均发/k/;C中rock的“ck”发/k/,chair的“ch”发/tʃ/,故选B。
分层练习答案与解析
基础巩固
1. 单词拼写
(1)【答案】playground
(2)【答案】hospital
(3)【答案】library
(4)【答案】walk
(5)【答案】favourite
2. 单项选择
(1)【答案】A
【解析】a big park是单数,There be句型中be动词用is,故选A。
(2)【答案】B
【解析】主语I是第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形read,故选B。
(3)【答案】A
【解析】问句询问地点,over there(在那边)符合语境,故选A。
(4)【答案】B
【解析】主语my brother是第三人称单数,动词play用plays,故选B。
(5)【答案】B
【解析】There be句型的一般疑问句,否定回答用“No, there isn't.”,故选B。
3. 句型转换
(1)【答案】Is there a bus stop near your home?
【解析】There be句型变一般疑问句,将is提到句首,my改为your。
(2)【答案】There aren't two hospitals.
【解析】在are后加not(aren't),变否定句。
(3)【答案】He/She often takes a walk in the park.
【解析】主语改为第三人称单数(he/she),动词take变takes。
(4)【答案】What's your favourite place?
【解析】对“the library”(事物)提问用what,my改为your。
(5)【答案】There are some playgrounds.
【解析】is变are,a playground变some playgrounds。
能力提升
1. 完形填空
(1)【答案】A
【解析】a big playground是单数,be动词用is,故选A。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】主语many children是复数,动词用原形play,故选A。
(3)【答案】B
【解析】a library是单数,be动词用is,故选B。
(4)【答案】B
【解析】主语I是第一人称,动词用原形read,故选B。
(5)【答案】B
【解析】后句说明喜欢公园的原因,用because连接,故选B。
2. 句子排序
【答案】2;1;3;5;4
【解析】对话逻辑:询问社区有什么(2. What's in your community?)→ 回答有哪些场所(1. There is...)→ 回应喜好(3. Really? I like...)→ 补充说明(4. Yes, we can...)→ 评价社区(5. Wow, it's...)。
3. 短文填空
(1)【答案】is
【解析】a library是单数,There be句型中be动词用is。
(2)【答案】read
【解析】主语I是第一人称,“读书”用read books。
(3)【答案】is
【解析】a park是单数,be动词用is。
(4)【答案】take
【解析】主语my parents and I是复数,“散步”用take a walk。
(5)【答案】shop
【解析】由“buy food”可知是商店(shop)。
4. 句子匹配
(1)【答案】D
【解析】“What's in your community?”询问社区有什么,D选项“There is a park.”符合,故选D。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】“Why...”询问原因,A选项“Because I can read books.”符合,故选A。
(3)【答案】B
【解析】“Where is the hospital?”询问地点,B选项“It's over there.”符合,故选B。
(4)【答案】C
【解析】“What does he do...?”询问他做什么,C选项“He plays in the playground.”符合,故选C。
(5)【答案】E
【解析】“Is there a bus stop?”是一般疑问句,E选项“Yes, there is.”符合,故选E。
5. 补全对话
(1)【答案】B
【解析】由答句“There are many places.”可知问句询问社区有什么,B选项符合,故选B。
(2)【答案】C
【解析】“Look!”后介绍具体场所,C选项“There is a big playground.”符合,故选C。
(3)【答案】E
【解析】问句“Is there a library?”是一般疑问句,E选项“Yes, there is.”符合,故选E。
(4)【答案】A
【解析】由答句“I often read books...”可知问句询问经常做什么,A选项符合,故选A。
(5)【答案】D
【解析】由答句“Yes, let's go!”可知提议去图书馆,D选项符合,故选D。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
(1)【答案】B
【解析】由“There is a big park in the centre.”可知中心是公园,故选B。
(2)【答案】A
【解析】由“I often read books there with my friends.”可知经常读书,故选A。
(3)【答案】B
【解析】由“There are two shops.”可知有两家商店,故选B。
(4)【答案】C
【解析】由“The small shop sells toys.”可知小商店卖玩具,故选C。
(5)【答案】A
【解析】由“I like my community very much.”可知喜欢社区,故选A。
2. 书面表达(示例)
【答案】My Community
My community is nice. There is a playground, a library and a shop. My favourite place is the library. I often read books there. I love my community.
【解析】短文介绍了社区场所、最喜欢的地方及日常活动,符合提示要求,语法正确,句式简洁。
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