福建省厦门市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

保密★启用前 厦门市2024-2025学年第二学期高一年级质量检测 英 语 姓名 准考证号 全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 考生注意： 1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题 卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本 试题卷上的作答一律无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15. 答案是C。 1.Which activity interests the man most? A.Climbing mountains. B.Wearing dogwood. C.Honouring the elderly. 2.What did the man do to help the dog? A.He got her a medical check-up. B.He-sent her to the shelter. C.He decided to adopt her. 3.Who gave the rock performance? A.David. B.Freddy. C.Robert. 4.How do the speakcrs sound? A.Upset. B.Supportive. C.Confidenb 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Culture diversity. B.Celebration events. C.World exploration. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.What will Alice provide? A.Sun hats. B.Lunch. C.Bags and water. 7.When will James be available? A.On Saturday morning. B.On Saturday afternoon. C.On Sunday afternoon. 8.What will James do next? A.Pick up litter. B.Invite more volunteers. C.Sign up for the activity. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.How many milkshakes did the man order? A6 B.3 C.2 10.Why did the man fail to get the fries? A.The waiter forgot to serve them. B.The waiter mixed up the tables. C.The fries were sold out. 11.What does the man think about the mistakes? A.Unbearable. B.Intentional. C.Uhderstandable. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What makes Michael worried about his health? A.His headaches. B.His flu. C.His tiredness. 13.What does Michael think caused his discomfort? A.Fevet. B.Fatty foods. C.Cancer. 14.What does the doctor suggest Michael do? A.Drink some coffee. B Have some scans. C.Hang out with friends. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15.What is Kevin's problem? A.He is a poor listener. B.He tricks his colleagues. C.He judges people. 16.What is Lisa's last suggestion? A.Putting the phone on silent. B.Turning away the computer. C.Observing the body language 17 Where does the conversation take place? A.In an office. B.At a cafe. C.In a park. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.Who is the speaker? A.A professor. B.A student. C.An advisor. 19.What is Taylor doing? A.Leading a campus tour. B.Talking with professors. C.Giving a lecture. 20.Where does the tour end? A.At the student center. B.In the lab. C.At the dining hall. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Corinth Canal Adriatic Explorer 7 NIGHTS DEPARTING 7TH JULY 4TH AUGUST 2025 Discover the hidden treasures of the Adriatic in detail on a small-ship cruise on board MS Caledonian Sky.Discover historic cities like Dubrovnik,Kotor and Athens.Engage yourself in local culture with informative guided tours and visits to historic locations.Enjoy local dishes and appreciate phenomenal wilderness Krka National Park-Insider Experience Head to beautiful Krka National Park to explore its dramatic waterfalls.Take a Venice CROATA walk along wooden bridges to admire the Krka Nationel Park falls,and lose yourself in the park's rich Sibenik MONTENEGO plants and animals. Dubrovni Kotor Peaceful Walk Through Korcula Adr传k5ea Arrive in Korcula,the birthplace of Lecce Marco Polo,and enjoy some time at your Otranto OREECE Aogean Ses own pace to explore its fascinating streets IteaDelphi or perhaps join an optional tour. Athens Corinth Can《 Picturesque Cruise Through Kotor Bay Cruise through the breathtaking fjord (which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site,sailing past high cliffs and charming villages dotted along the shore. Corinth Canal Transit Your ship will journey through the famous Corinth Canal,which is just 21.3 metres wide. Unlike other cruising opportunities,this isn't about watching the countryside pass you by-you'll be closely hugged by grand,towering canal walls either side of you-a fantastic reminder that you really are on board a smaller ship. EXCLUSIVE SAVINGS OF UP TO 50% ONLY AVAILABLE WITH READER OFFERS YOUR EXCLUSIVE READER OFFERS FARES FROM FULL FARE SALE FARE STATEROOM/SUITE (Per person) (Per person) Standard Suite €1,295 ￡1,989 Superior Suite ￡1,540 ￡2,269 OTHER DATES ARE AVAILABLE-PLEASE CALL 0808 258 0251 FOR DETAILS 21.Which place offers the view of coastal villages? A.Krka National Park.B.Korcula. C.Kotor Bay. D.Corinth Canal. 22.How much do a couple pay for a superior suite with reader offers? A.￡1,989 B.f2,269. C.￡4,538. D.f4,540. 23.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To promote a cruise tour. B.To share local cuisines. C.To advertise historic sites. D.To report on an adventure. B Sana Javeri Kadri's groundbreaking efforts to change the global spice industry started with one small action.She took aim at golden milk lattes.In 2016,Javeri Kadri was working in marketing for a large San Francisco grocery store when she noticed the fashion sweeping America's coffee shops.She knew the drink's key ingredient,powdered turmeric ()grew mostly in her native India.But unlike existing varieties of farm-to-table coffee,chocolate,or fruit,there was little transparency(透明度)into the supply chain. When she returned to Mumbai early the following year,Javeri Kadri investigated and realized two things.Some regenerative farmers in India used distinct growing and processing techniques that resulted in varieties far better than anything she'd seen across Mumbai and California.And yet no farmers seemed to be profiting from turmeric's newfound fashion among wellness seekers.So she decided to reinvent the supply chain. Javeri Kadri put in the only money she had-about $3,000-to buy the freshest turmeric she could find and bring it to California."I was hand-packing it in my basement and then selling it on the internet,"she remembers.Thanks to a talent for Instagram marketing and a few key contacts in the food world,the business took off. Today Javeri Kadri's Diaspora Co.offers 41 spices sourced from India and Sri Lanka.Unlike traditional spice companies,Diaspora deals directly with more than 150 farms,reaching thousands of farm-workers while paying them,on average,four times the market price.The high-quality product allows the company to charge an extra fee,which has led to more funds in its farm partners. "Because we're sourcing from South Asia,I think there's a very problematic assumption that it should be cheap,.”she says..“"That's basically the effects of colonialism(殖民主义)and racism, where we're devaluing this labor and we're devaluing the worth of this product." 24.What do we know about turmeric in paragraph 1? A.It is native to San Francisco B.It is sold in grocery store. C.It is a farm-to-table product. D.It is key to golden milk lattes 25.What led Javeri Kadri to reinvent the supply chain? A.The outdated farming skills B.The weak sales of turmeric. C.Her eagerness to seek wellness. D.Farmers'missing out on profits. 26.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A.How Javeri Kadri grew fresh turmeric. B.How Javeri Kadri's business succeeded. C.How Javeri Kadri used online marketing. D How Javeri Kadri's influence was expanded. 27.Why does Javeri Kadri mention "colonialism and racism"in paragraph 4? A.To review the history of spice industry. B.To explain the pricing principle of spice. C.To introduce the origin of spice varieties. D.To indicate the unfairness of spice trade. C Picture a robot.What do you see?A stony,steel machine built to be stronger than living beings? Unfortunately,this quality now threatens to flood the planet in e-waste.What if,our machines were designed to break down and disappear-like life does?For a study in Science Advances,researchers designed a robotic arm and a controller from pork gelatin and plant cellulose-materials strong enough to function yet easy enough to degrade().After testing,both structures broke down in soil within weeks. Biodegradable robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics,which draws inspiration from nature's creations.Pingdong Wei,a materials scientist at Westlake University,teamed up with his friend Zhuang Zhang,a robotics engineer now at Fudan University,to construct robots for the study.Wei had been drawn to robotics,Zhang recalls,and raised the idea of creating a robot himself. "That's when I thought,'Why not use the materials he works with to build one?"" They first made cellulose layers from cotton pulp,then added glycerol for flexibility and dried the layers for strength.To build sensors,the researchers used a conductive gelatin drawn out from pork,in which the flow of ions (changes when the material is bent or pressed.They then folded the flat films and sensors into 3D structures.Wei and Zhang found that the controller and robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity.Finally,they buried them both in a 20-centimeter-deep hole near their campus.Within eight weeks the machines were ahnost gone. Wei and Zhang look forward to bots like these handling waste and then breaking down;they also expect robots that aid medical operations and then safely break down inside the body.But it's important to note that the technology is in early stages."If we want to have an environmentally friendly robot that goes outside in nature,"the researchers say,"we need to think of power supplies or batteries that are biodegradable." 28.What is the author's concern in paragraph 1? A Soil quality decreases. B.Machines end up as e-waste. C.Disasters strike the planet. D.Robots threaten people's lives. 29.How does the author develop paragraph 3? A.By giving examples. B,By describing a process. C.By making a comparison. D.By showing cause and effect. 30.What may researchers coosider aboue future robots? A.Providing training to robots. B.Ensuring safe robot behavior. C.Developing degradable batteries. D.Improving robots'operation system. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Made of Metal B.Added for Flexibility C.Death by Design D.Power with a Price D When wrestling with a moral dilemma,a person may reach a decision not only by thinking through the problem but also by sensing physical signals from their body,a new study suggests.The study supports the idea that these bodily reactions form part of a feedback loop(反馈循环)that helps guide people in decision-making. Previous studies have suggested that siding with the majority in a moral dilemma could help take some stress off the brain,and the new study seems to agree with that idea."Recent theories suggest that our brains are designed to minimize the use of physical resource while maintaining survival,"study co-author Hackjin Kim said."One way to do this is to learn others'expectations to avoid social conflict,"Kim suggested.Combining these ideas,Kim and colleagues proposed that people who are aware of their bodily feedback signals should use that information to keep their decision-making in line with others'expectations. In their study,the team tested this assumption by presenting participants with moral dilemmas and asking them to choose between two decisions-one"utilitarian,”which prioritized(优先考虑) minimizing harm for the majority,and one"deontological,"which prioritized following established rules.In a separate test,the researchers asked the participants to count their heartbeats over a short period while the participants'heartbeats were recorded with an electrocardiogram. People who were more accurate (at counting their heartbeats tended to choose th moral decision that most other people chose,the team found.This was true whether more peop chose the utilitarian or deontological option for a given moral dilemma.Basically,it's easier follow the crowd than run against the grain. In future work,Kim plans to investigate how the relationship between moral sense and awareness of body signals varies among cultures,types of moral dilemmas and individual personality differences.But for now,Kim said,"this research lays a new theoretical framework for understanding cultural and individual differences in moral behavior and predicting rule-following behavior in group or online settings." 32.What does paragraph 2 suggest A.Following others lessens mental stress. B.Making decisions solves social dilemmas. C Brains work best alone. D.Conflicts help us survive. 33.Why did the researchers carry out a separate test? A.To collect supporting evidence. B.To overturn previous theories. C.To check possible solutions. D.To.assess data accuracy. 34.What does the underlined part"run against the grain"in paragraph 4 mean? A.Side with the minority. B.Take the beaten road. C.Race against time. D.Gather in crops. 35.What can be learned about the study in the last paragraph? A.It focuses on physical signals. B.It builds a fresh theoretical basis C.It explores cultural variations widely. D.It questions existing moral theories directly. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Interruptions are terrible in communication-but not all come from the same place."It's possible that somcone's cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking," says Jefferson Fisher,an author of The Next Comversation:Argue Less,Talk More.In that case?Let them get their words out3 Other times,your conversation partner will cut in on purpose."What they're saying is,'What I have to say is more important than what you have to say,""Fisher points out.What should you do about it? Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in,continue speaking as though you haven't been interrupted."It might sound rude to continue what you're saying,but it establishes power,"says Jamila Musayeva, an etiquette expert.3Don't rase your voice or start to mumble(小声嘀咕).“You're not showing them that you're being caused by it,and you're not giving them the attention they're looking for,"she says.That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 30 If the person interrupting you continues to do so,it's time to take action.Address him by name: "Names get people's attention,"Fisher says.Plus,when using the phrasing he suggests,you actually mean"It's not me saying anything about you.It's me saying it about me:'I can't hear you."That, he's found,usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they're the ones being interrupted: 40 Avoid that-you didn't do anything wrong,says Elise Powers,who runs a global communications training firm.Instead,she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying. "Do it in a confident way,where almost no one is going to say 'No,you may not finish,""she says A:“Sorry,can I continue?” B.They don't mean any harm. C The key is maintaining the same tone. D."John,I'll turn it over to you when I finish." E.“Bob.Ican't hear you when you interrupt me.” F You'll finish your thought,and then they can share theirs G.We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出敌佳选项。 Graduation ceremonies are often filled with proud families,smiling seniors and words of encouragement.But at Mansfield ISD's Summit High School,the Class of 2025 received something 41-a personal letter from their headmaster. Headmaster Jason Mutterer went above and beyond by personally writing 44342letters with specific thanks.Along with each note,he 43 a single dollar bill,symbolizing the power of even the smallest acts of 44.The letters took him more than 24 hours to 45,but to Mutterer,it was time well spent.His goal:to show his students that individual kindness 46, and that together,,443 random(随机的)acts of kindness can start a ripple effect(裢漪效应)and create 47 change in the world. Mutterer 48 his seniors during the school's graduation ceremony,calling it an absolute honor to49 this excellent class.Mutterer wanted to 50 them with something."Inside that letter,there's a single dollar bill,"Mutterer said."It might seem 51,but if 443 kids are doing random acts of kindness every day,it has a huge 52." "He made every one of us feel seen and loved,"said one student after the graduation ceremony. "Hopefully we get to 53 the kindness one day and make other people feel important and appreciated,” Mutterer's parting 54 to his students was more than a goodbye.It was a 55:to go out into the world and pay it forward. 41.A.strange B.expensive C ektra D.average 42.A.fancy B.typical C.welcoming D.heartfelt 43.A.included B.exchanged C.required D.found 44.A.courage B.kindness C.generosity D.faith 45.A.mail B.answer C.present D complete 46.A.changes B.matters C.exists D.appears 47.A.sudden B.meaningful C.slight D.rapid 48,A.addressed B.informed C.interviewed D.comforted 49.A.save B.plan C.serve D.attend 50.A.leave B.charge C.compare D.replace 51.A.invaluable B.insignificant C.inaccessible D.illegal 52.A.shock B.issue C.impact D,relief 53 A.make out B.talk about C.track down D.pass on 54.A.gift B.hug C wave D.question 55.A.burden B.reason C.challenge D.competition