第07讲 阅读理解推断题、主旨大意题（专项训练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第07讲 阅读理解推断题、主旨大意题 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 阅读理解推断题（节选） 题型01 推断隐含意义题 题型02 推断观点态度题 题型03 推断写作意图题 题型04 推断文章出处或读者对象题 考向02 阅读理解主旨大意题（节选） 题型01 文章大意题 题型02 段落大意题 题型03 文章标题题 02 核心突破练 选词填空（语篇练） 03 真题溯源练 考向01 阅读理解推断题 题型01 推断隐含意义题 （2025·上海虹口·二模） I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I was lucky to be in a class of imaginative and creative boys crazy for recorders, and it wasn’t long before we started to make our own radio programmes. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. Ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early involvement in sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Twenty-five years later, I presented my first report for BBC TV’s Six O’Clock News, a programme my dad had never missed. Although by then he’d been dead for more than a decade, I like to think he’d have realised that his inspiring Christmas present had changed my life. 4．According to the passage, how did the tape recorder change the author’s life? A．It boosted the author’s confidence in communicating with people. B．It helped the author develop a closer relationship with his family. C．It made the author more interested in listening to news reports. D．It sparked the author’s passion for sound and broadcasting. （2024虹口二模） Of course, there are typically many participants in the pricing process: Accounting provides cost estimates; marketing communicates the pricing strategy; sales provides specific customer input; production sets supply boundaries; and finance establishes the requirements for the entire company’s financial health. Input from diverse sources is necessary. However, problems arise when the philosophy of wide participation is carried over to the price-setting process without strong coordinating mechanisms (协调机制). For example, if the marketing department sets list prices, the salespeople negotiate discounts in the field, the legal department adjusts prices if necessary to prevent breaking the laws or contractual agreements, and the people filling orders negotiate price adjustments for delays in shipment, everybody’s best intentions usually end up bringing about less than the best results. In fact, the company may actually lose money on some orders. 65. What can be inferred from the wide participation in the pricing process? A. Decision making requires gathering comprehensive information. B. The coordinating mechanism won’t work without a lot of input. C. Potential customers are easily upset at any stage of the process. D. The company loses money unless everyone intends for the best. 题型02 推断观点态度题 （2025·上海奉贤·二模） Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. 3．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. （2025·上海杨浦·二模） Since the Industrial Revolution, every generation of farmers has had to deal with the technological changes of the day and they have successfully adapted to survive. Who knows! AI may well turn out to be just the latest in a long line of challenges to be embraced by adaptable and spirited farmers. And anything that saves me the worry of checking the weather forecast day and night during harvest season must be a good thing. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the use of AI in agriculture? A．Suspicious. B．Optimistic. C．Neutral. D．Concerned. （2024浦东新区二模） The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. 44. The author would most probably agree that _________. A. an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B. the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C. being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D. those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 题型03 推断写作意图题 （2025·上海闵行·二模） Beyond practice, creativity grows in environments that encourage exploration and problem-solving. Many breakthroughs in music, science, and art do not emerge from sudden inspiration but rather from sustained effort and experimentation. A composer might spend weeks testing different chord (和弦) progressions before discovering a unique combination. Similarly, a scientist may conduct numerous failed experiments before uncovering a groundbreaking solution. Thomas Edison, for example, famously said that his success was built on “1,000 ways that won’t work” before inventing the lightbulb (灯泡). 2．The role of the example of Thomas Edison in paragraph 3 is _________. A．to illustrate that failure can lead to success B．to show that perseverance is essential for creativity C．to emphasize that success depends on the initial talent D．to argue that failure is the main source of creativity （2025·上海长宁·二模） In this new year, instead of making new resolutions that you’ll probably abandon by February, why not give Rubin’s Happiness Project a try? It is likely that you will then see an increase in your own happiness in 2025 and the happiness you bring to others around you. 4．The main purpose of the passage is to ____. A．describe the author’s personal journey of self-discovery B．inspire readers to seek happiness as the book suggests C．explain the importance of setting goals in life D．promote sales of a particular self-help book （2024普陀二模） And when I say “extremely lucky” I mean it. Despite trying this technique for over a decade, it is only now that astronomers have found a candidate black hole through microlensing. Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun. If the true mass of the object is at the lower end of that spectrum (光谱), then the wanderer is probably not a black hole. 66. What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph? A. To persevere in the end is to win. B. Facts speak louder than words. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Things are not always what they seem. 题型04 推断文章出处或读者对象题 （2025·上海浦东新·二模） In Shanghai’s busy streets and towering highrises, a new dialect appears — one spoken in algorithms(算法). From decoding local idioms in conference rooms to preserving disappearing crafts and guiding graduates toward tech careers, AI is becoming the city’s cultural bridge. This is urban intelligence with local flavor. 3．Where would readers most likely find this article? A．A business blog. B．A career journal. C．A policy brief. D．A tech magazine. （2024金山二模） Looking for a career change? Check out these unconventional options! The Waterslide Tester When the pool where he worked as a lifeguard was closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were virtually deserted. In one video on the social platform, he pretended to be a “professional waterslide tester”. Unexpectedly, Pop became a social media sensation. He was then hired to “test” slides and other facilities at water parks and swimming pools all over France. “It’s the best job in the world,” declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. “I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!” 62. Who is most probably interested in this passage? A. Employees who are considering switching jobs. B. Students who are applying for ideal universities. C. Children who are interested in unusual activities. D. Graduates who are deciding on their essay topics. 考向02 阅读理解主旨大意题 题型01 文章大意题 （2025·上海浦东新·二模）Yoshiko Abe is about to turn 89, but that hasn’t stopped her from going to the gym every day and trying the free-of-charge makeup course at her housing complex. “It was really helpful,” she said, smiling after putting on foundation and pink lipstick, something she hadn’t done in years. Japan is the fastest-aging society in the world, where more than a quarter of its population is 65 and older, at 36 million people. In about a decade, the percentage will be 33%. The market for older people is estimated to grow to more than 100 trillion yen ($650 billion) in size this year. No wonder the young-at-heart are an expanding community for business. ......... Yoshihiko Hotta, 85, the only man in the class of about 30 people, didn’t try the lipstick but happily put on the hand cream and went along with all the exercise routines. While acknowledging he felt something like aching legs, he declared firmly, “I don’t think age is relevant.” 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Seniors in Japan are well aware of group identity. B．The rise of Japan’s silver economy redefines aging. C．Experts appeal to seniors to remain mentally active. D．Makeup courses are popular with the young-at-heart in Japan. （2024静安二模） AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most, argues Andreessen Horowitz, a venture-capital (VC) firm. Games interactivity requires them to be stuffed with laboriously designed content: consider the 30 square miles of landscape or 60 hours of music in “Red Dead Redemption 2”, a recent cowboy adventure. Enlisting AI assistants to churn it out could drastically shrink timescales and budgets. 46. What is this passage mainly about? A. The evolution of graphics-processing units (GPUs). B. The impact of generative AI on the gaming industry. C. The societal significance of graphics-processing units (GPUs). D. The challenges generative AI presents to gaming studios. 题型02 段落大意题 （2024闵行一模） In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Martha’s Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real-time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this project, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location”, says Haller. 65. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ________. A. the collection of data B. the testing of the algorithm C. the identification of the TRAPs D. the cooperation of two research teams （2022杨浦二模） Parents, teachers and caregivers have long suspected the magic of storytelling to calm kids. Researchers have now quantified the biological and emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that narrative has the power to transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington from Brazil’s Federal University. “Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.” 63. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The effects of story-telling on children. B. The limitations of the earlier research. C. The methods used in earlier studies. D. The major breakthroughs achieved so far. 题型03 文章标题题 （2025·上海奉贤·二模）George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations. Since the early 1940s, his pioneering creations have dominated both big screens and the private collections of Hollywood’s celebrities. ........ George Barris has been designing cars for over six decades. He is a legend in the car design business, often referred to as the “Van Gogh” of the automobile industry. At 80, his son and daughter have taken over the day-to-day operations of the business, but he still actively designs cars in his studio. 4．What is the most appropriate title for the passage? A．Custom Car Clubs: Post-War Boom in Popularity B．Hollywood’s Great Car Designer: George Barris C．George Barris: A Legend in Custom Car Innovation D．Classic Car Designs: Batmobile &Koach Highlights （2025·上海奉贤·二模） Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. 3．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. （2025·上海浦东新·二模） This week’s Nobel Physics Prize honored two scientists who helped computers “learn” more like the human brain. A day later, the Chemistry Prize went to three researchers who used AI to design proteins and reveal molecular (分子的) structures, a problem that had troubled biologists for decades. .......... “Among” is the key word. Science is ever more a team effort, a beautiful, essential reality that the Nobels, with their strict rules and categories, struggle to celebrate. If Nobel Committee is now rewarding the contributions of AI, should it not also recognize the researchers whose results it learned from? 4．What might be the best title of this passage? A．AI takes over: the decline of traditional science B．AI dominates science: the end of human discovery C．Nobel Prizes question AI’s role in modern research D．Nobel Prizes highlight AI and teamwork in science （2024松江二模） Although Bierman’s explanation is still based on guesses and has not accepted by mainstream science, Watt does think it is worth considering. For now, believing that it’s possible to predict future with dreams remains an act of faith. Yet, it’s possible that one day we’ll wake up to a true understanding of this fascinating phenomenon. 46. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Should Dreams Be Assessed? B. Can Dreams Predict the Future? C. How Can Physics Be Changed to Explain Dreams? D. Why Should Scientists Study Precognitive Dreams? Passage 1 【2025届上海市延安中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 Some years ago, I had a friend who got into trouble on the internet. He was writing a book that showed a strong opinion on a controversial topic and had been talking about it on social media. He didn’t have a large following, but activists who opposed his view of the issue began to notice and decided that he needed punishing for wrongthink. Their anger about his work spread the conversation to people who anonymously (匿名地) and deliberately seek to upset others and start fights online — and one thing led to another, some of them began to abuse my friend harshly. “People are telling me to kill myself!” he told me, with desperation in his voice. He started worrying about being doxed. “Do I need private security? Maybe I should move.” Out of curiosity, I asked my friend how much time he was then spending on social media, monitoring all the abuse. “Pretty much all day,” he said. This made sense to him because he felt the severity of the situation demanded his full attention: A threat’s a threat, right? I made one simple suggestion: Delete the apps and stop interacting with social media for a week. He took my advice reluctantly, but over the next few days, he stopped thinking about the trouble so much. By the time he reopened the apps, he found those mean guys had largely moved on to new victims and targets. What my friend learned was that this annoyance, which had seemed very real to him, could be erased almost completely by using two powerful weapons: ______. What works in our internet-based culture can apply equally well to other areas of modern life. Take again this friend of mine for example. After that incident, he started thinking: Were there other areas of his life where the two weapons could work. After getting informed about alcohol use, he changed his perception of drinking and avoided engaging with the substance. He also decided to reevaluate what had been his favorite news organization; he then saw it in a much more questioning light, so he withdrew his attention by unsubscribing. 1．What did those opponents of the author’s friend do? A．They showed a strong opposition against the controversial topic. B．They angrily and publicly opposed that friend’s argument. C．They deliberately and secretly triggered online fights. D．They resorted to merciless bullying of that friend. 2．Which of the following may be an act of “doxing” (Paragraph 2)? A．calling someone names B．revealing one’s phone number C．visiting someone personally D．making up some stories 3．What did that targeted man do to survive the attacks? A．He talked with his friends. B．He moved house immediately. C．He ignored the abuse temporarily. D．He opened the app once every week. 4．What might be the weapons mentioned in the last paragraph? A．perception and attention B．friendship and ignorance C．refusal and departure D．disengagement and evaluation Passage 2 【上海市静安区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末教学质量调研英语试题】 In a town near the Potomac River, George and Anne Allen, both 82, struggle to remain in their beloved three-story house and neighborhood. Mr. Allen has had trouble walking since he broke his backbone in a fall down the stairs, and he expects to lose his driver’s license when it comes up for renewal given his physical state. Mrs. Allen recently got her foot hurt getting out of bed. Neither can climb up to change the light or bend under the sink to fix a leak. Without outside help, stores and public locations mean unimaginable hikes to them. So the Allens have banded together with their neighbors, who are equally determined to avoid being forced from their homes by dependence. Along with more than 100 communities nationwide, their group is part of a movement to make neighborhoods comfortable places to grow old in. “We are totally dependent on ourselves,” Mr. Allen said. “But I want to live in a mixed community, not just with the elderly. And as long as we can do it here, that’s what we want.” Their group has been registered as a nonprofit corporation, is setting membership dues, and is lining up providers of transportation, home repair, companionship, security and other services to meet their needs at home for as long as possible. Urban planners say this movement, organized by residents instead of government agencies, could make “aging in place” safe and affordable for a majority of elderly people. Although not the cure- all for those with complicated medical needs, the approach addresses what experts say can be a premature decision by older people to give up their homes in response to relatively small problems. As these small problems mount, sometimes accompanied by pressure from adult children, the elderly homeowner is caught off guard. Remaining at home without sufficient help is frightening. “If people don’t feel so overpowered, they don’t have to jump at precipitous decisions. Actually practices like moving into nursing homes are hard to be reversed,” said an expert. For inspiration, “aging in place” groups now pay yearly dues — $580 for an individual in exchange for the security of knowing that carpenters, chefs, computer experts or home health helpers are one phone call away. 5．What is NOT mentioned as a problem the Allens meet with? A．Physical weakness due to the broken bone. B．Possible loss of driver’s license due to breaking traffic rules. C．Failure to handle certain fixing tasks due to limited mobility. D．Difficulty in traveling to public places alone due to physical condition. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．People like Allens gather to live in a special place for shared elderly caring. B．The government arranges necessary services for people like Allens. C．Senior people give up “aging in place” life mainly out of pressure from children. D．“Aging in place” people pay to have necessary service staff on call. 7．The underlined word precipitous in the passage is closest in meaning to ________. A．alternative B．fake C．rushed D．joint 8．Which of the following is probably the title of the passage? A．US grey band fights to stay at home B．Attention, US seniors are suffering C．At home vs Nursing home-a hard choice for US seniors D．US adult children, it’s time to care for your parents Passage3 【2025届上海市奉贤区奉城高级中学高三下学期5月模拟练习英语试题】 Teens love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes. Of course, teens also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies . Instagram Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions (说明文字). When it comes to Instagram’s users, 53 percent of them are aged 18-29, but a big percentage of those may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to use the platform. Habbo Hotel Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate (装饰) with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Each room teens can interact in has an adult moderator (管理员) to make sure it stays safe. Fanlala Fanlala is a social network that gives teens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users. Teen Chat Teen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums (论坛) according to their interests. For example, there are chat rooms for those who love anime (动漫) and for those who’ve just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games, and sports. The platform offers a “Friend Finder” tool that will help teens search for people who live locally to them. 9．What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the text? A．It’s a great place for people to share photos. B．The majority of its users are in their 20s. C．It has the largest number of users. D．Only those above 18 normally use it. 10．Which site allows its users to create their own character and design a virtual room for it? A．Instagram. B．Habbo Hotel. C．Fanlala. D．Teen Chat. 11．What can you acquire from Fanlala? A．Game skills. B．Sports knowledge. C．Anime videos. D．Entertainment news. Passage 4 【2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题】 Sign up today and you could win the journey of a lifetime, all expenses paid! Luxury without limits awaits. Imagine yourself: Experiencing a VIP Broadway premiere (百老汇VIP首映礼) in New York, with luxurious accommodations at The Grand Aurora Hotel. Jetting off to Rome for an exclusive opera performance from the Palazzo Verdi Suite by Stellar Rewards (星级奖励) , or even backstage with the stars! But there’s more! Become a new member, and countless advantages are waiting for you. Welcome drink Enjoy a free signature cocktail at the hotel during your stay. Check directly with the hotel to discover their selection of handcrafted drinks. Priority reception Upon arrival, enjoy priority access to our dedicated Stellar Rewards reception desk for Azure members. Late check-out If you desire a later departure, extend your stay in your room on the day of your check-out. This benefit is upon request and subject to availability. To access this offer, become a member of Stellar Rewards or sign in to your existing account and register for the promotion. The activation code will be pre-filled automatically. Ensure your Stellar Rewards loyalty number is added to your company booking tool profile before booking. If your code isn’t working, double-check it is identical. When writing the code, please pay close attention to capitalization. Using the wrong case will result in errors. Besides, the code is for one-time use. If your points haven’t appeared after seven days, please contact customer service. 12．What should Emma, as an Azure member, do first to enjoy her early check-in? A．Appreciate a premiere exclusive opera performance. B．Order a welcome signature cocktail at the reception bar. C．Ask politely for early access in the regular check-in line. D．Go directly to the dedicated Stellar Rewards reception desk. 13．What should Emma do if her activation code isn’t working? A．Immediately contact the customer service. B．Capitalize all the letters of the activation code. C．Check that the code is entered in an accurate way. D．Add the loyalty number to the booking tool profile. 14．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To criticize the high costs of luxury travel experiences. B．To persuade readers to register for a membership promotion. C．To provide tips on how to win free Broadway premiere tickets. D．To explain the history of Stellar Rewards and its achievements. Passage 5 【2025届上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学高三毕业考英语试题】 The placebo effect is a well-known example of the brain’s power over the body, allowing people who are poorly or in pain to improve if they are led to believe they are being treated. The opposite, however, is also possible: patients who believe that procedures will cause them to suffer ill effects can make themselves worse. The roots of this anti-placebo, or nocebo, effect are difficult to identify. But in a paper in Health Psychology Review, researchers in Australia have pooled the available evidence and ranked the contributing factors. Misinformation on social media seems to come near the top. In fact, what psychologists call social learning — the drawing of inferences from the views of others — was found to be as powerful as lived experience, and more influential than information given by a doctor. This is a problem, says Cosette Saunders, a psychologist at the University of Sydney and lead author of the study. Social learning may not be able to spread infection or cause new disease, but it can drive harmful side-effects. And managing these side-effects costs health systems around the world billions of dollars. Take cancer treatment. In recent years, new drugs have emerged to control the side-effects experienced by people receiving chemotherapy. But Dr Saunders says that vomiting and nausea have not come down in cancer patients by as much as expected. Social learning may be responsible. “They’ll say, their mother-in-law had chemo twenty years ago and she was vomiting every single day,” Dr Saunders says. “Those kinds of long-held beliefs are influencing them now, even though the medical landscape has changed.” Though the impact of the placebo effect has been recognised for centuries, work on the nocebo effect is much newer. Only in the past two decades have many scientists been convinced of its real-world impact, helped by studies that demonstrate how a negative attitude can lead to physical symptoms such as increased heart rate and physiological arousal. The conclusions of the Australian analysis are clear about the power of social learning. But, says Dr Saunders, it is hard to know how much of these effects are down to social-media use as opposed to, say, chatting with friends at the pub. Dr Saunders’ lab is one of many now trying to find ways to minimise the damage. One possibility is to balance warnings of nasty side-effects with positive proof from patients who had no problems. If she finds something that works, she’ll pass it on. 15．What can we learn about social learning from the passage? A．It causes the health systems to fail. B．It affects patients less than doctors’ advice. C．It is as impactful as people’s lived experience. D．It occurs when misinformation spreads on social media. 16．Cancer treatment is mentioned in Para. 4 to show ______. A．vomiting and nausea are common negative outcomes B．the nocebo effect can lead to harmful results C．new drugs are ineffective in controlling the side effects D．the medical industry has undergone great changes 17．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．The impact of the nocebo effect is long-established. B．The nocebo effect is more powerful than the placebo effect. C．Labs have found ways to ease the damage of social learning. D．Social learning may affect people negatively via informal interactions. 18．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The key contributor to the nocebo effect. B．The function of doctors’ advice in healthcare. C．The clue to the nocebo effect in medical research. D．The role of social media in spreading misinformation. （2018年6月·上海高考试题） (A) Apparently, the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank — or a specific country — is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project.). In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K. Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency — and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination. On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods. "How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape," Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time." Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born. Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we've assigned value to — and probably less durable over time than those shells. 56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Money was created and was widely used in the world. B. Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past. C. The ingredients of world’s first coins may be the combination of gold and silver. D. Using shells for money has been out of date in the world. 57. The word “mint” in paragraph 5 is closest in the meaning to _______________. A. a kind of money that can exchange B. the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candied C. a place to produce and polish shells D. a factory that produces currency 58.What's opinion of the author towards shells for money? A.Reasonable B.Imaginary C.Convenient. D. Inventive. 59.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The History of Bitcoin B.Shells Still Money C.The Currency ls of Great Use D.Some Shells (B) How Do You Move a Giant Sequoia? Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer (针叶树) stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design. The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I [had] lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president—and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.-Leslie Nemo l. Mark A Merit and his team at Environmental Design installed underneath the root ball a platform of seven-inch-diameter, 44-foot-long steelbars and , just below the rods , a first set of uninflated airbags ( shown in gray ). The team also dug a shallow ramp. 2. In roughly 15 minutes , the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the surface of the hole. 3. By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed the platform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of the hole while staying level. A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back of the platform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home. 4.There a second set of partially inflated bags( shown in white ) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil. 5. Using the first set of airbags , the movers rolled the platform into the new hole. 6. The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree. 7. The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower the sequoia's root ball to the bottom of its hole. The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years. 8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home. 60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined “stood in the way of"? A.Resisted. B.Balanced C. Blocked. D.Promoted 6l. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees? A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use. B. Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans. C. Because it corresponds to government's plan of Environmental Design. D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old. 62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with? A. They will be given new soil in the new living environment B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees. C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years. (C) The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations -- it's the household budget, for example. Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above -- a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set. If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "0" on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books -- the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme -- all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets. If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not. 63. Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE? A. It is a limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. B. Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex. C.I is the effectively a map of future expenditures. D. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation. 64.What is the purpose of the passage? A.To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation. B.To help us figure out the meaning of Budget Line C. To tell us we should budget before we buy goods D.To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line 65. Assume that each movie costs $ 10 and each crime novel costs $ 15， you have $ 150. Which is RIGHT according to this passage? A.The maximum number of movies you can see is 10. B. The maximum number of crime novels you can buy is 15 C.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 5 movies. D.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies 66. What is the best title of this passage? A. Are we really know the economic concept of a budget line? B. The Budget Line as an Economics Concept C. The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer Understanding D. The Complex Concept-Budget Line 26 / 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第07讲 阅读理解推断题、主旨大意题 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 阅读理解推断题（节选） 题型01 推断隐含意义题 题型02 推断观点态度题 题型03 推断写作意图题 题型04 推断文章出处或读者对象题 考向02 阅读理解主旨大意题（节选） 题型01 文章大意题 题型02 段落大意题 题型03 文章标题题 02 核心突破练 选词填空（语篇练） 03 真题溯源练 考向01 阅读理解推断题 题型01 推断隐含意义题 （2025·上海虹口·二模） I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I was lucky to be in a class of imaginative and creative boys crazy for recorders, and it wasn’t long before we started to make our own radio programmes. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. Ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early involvement in sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Twenty-five years later, I presented my first report for BBC TV’s Six O’Clock News, a programme my dad had never missed. Although by then he’d been dead for more than a decade, I like to think he’d have realised that his inspiring Christmas present had changed my life. 4．According to the passage, how did the tape recorder change the author’s life? A．It boosted the author’s confidence in communicating with people. B．It helped the author develop a closer relationship with his family. C．It made the author more interested in listening to news reports. D．It sparked the author’s passion for sound and broadcasting. 【答案】 4．D 4．推理判断题。根据第六段“I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I was lucky to be in a class of imaginative and creative boys crazy for recorders, and it wasn’t long before we started to make our own radio programmes. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio.(假期结束回到学校后，我迈出了播音员职业道路上的第一步。我很幸运，能和一群对录音机情有独钟、富有想象力和创造力的男孩在一起，没过多久，我们就开始制作自己的广播节目。我会拿着麦克风在学校里走来走去，用我在收音机里听到的声音的方式记录下我的想法。)”和最后一段的句子“Ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early involvement in sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist.(十年后，我凭借早期对声音的参与所获得的信心，走进了一家电台，希望把自己推销为一名广播记者。)”可知，录音机激发了作者对声音和广播的热情。故选D项。 （2024虹口二模） Of course, there are typically many participants in the pricing process: Accounting provides cost estimates; marketing communicates the pricing strategy; sales provides specific customer input; production sets supply boundaries; and finance establishes the requirements for the entire company’s financial health. Input from diverse sources is necessary. However, problems arise when the philosophy of wide participation is carried over to the price-setting process without strong coordinating mechanisms (协调机制). For example, if the marketing department sets list prices, the salespeople negotiate discounts in the field, the legal department adjusts prices if necessary to prevent breaking the laws or contractual agreements, and the people filling orders negotiate price adjustments for delays in shipment, everybody’s best intentions usually end up bringing about less than the best results. In fact, the company may actually lose money on some orders. 65. What can be inferred from the wide participation in the pricing process? A. Decision making requires gathering comprehensive information. B. The coordinating mechanism won’t work without a lot of input. C. Potential customers are easily upset at any stage of the process. D. The company loses money unless everyone intends for the best. 【答案】 65. A 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Of course, there are typically many participants in the pricing process: Accounting provides cost estimates; marketing communicates the pricing strategy; sales provides specific customer input; production sets supply boundaries; and finance establishes the requirements for the entire company’s financial health. Input from diverse sources is necessary. (当然，定价过程中通常有很多参与者：会计提供成本估算;营销传达定价策略；销售人员提供具体的客户意见；生产设置供应边界；财务部门为整个公司的财务 状况制定了要求。来自不同来源的投入是必要的。)”可知，定价过程的广泛参与是因为决策需要收集全面的信息，故选A项。 题型02 推断观点态度题 （2025·上海奉贤·二模） Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. 3．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. 【答案】 3．A 3．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself.(此外，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基等人指出，由于技术奇点本身的特殊性，预测其确切的时间线极其困难)”可推知，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基对预测技术奇点的态度是有所保留的。故选A。 （2025·上海杨浦·二模） Since the Industrial Revolution, every generation of farmers has had to deal with the technological changes of the day and they have successfully adapted to survive. Who knows! AI may well turn out to be just the latest in a long line of challenges to be embraced by adaptable and spirited farmers. And anything that saves me the worry of checking the weather forecast day and night during harvest season must be a good thing. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the use of AI in agriculture? A．Suspicious. B．Optimistic. C．Neutral. D．Concerned. 【答案】 4．B 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“AI may well turn out to be just the latest in a long line of challenges to be embraced by adaptable and spirited farmers. And anything that saves me the worry of checking the weather forecast day and night during harvest season must be a good thing. (人工智能很可能只是一长串挑战中最新的一个，这些挑战将被适应能力强、精神充沛的农民所接受。任何能让我不用在收获季节日夜查看天气预报的事情都是好事。)”可知，作者对AI节省人力，如免于日夜查看天气预报积极评价，因此推断作者对人工智能在农业上的应用持乐观态度。故选B。 （2024浦东新区二模） The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. 44. The author would most probably agree that _________. A. an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B. the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C. being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D. those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 【答案】44. B 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work—these people are the very soul of capitalism. (个性的全部目的就是追求卓越。那些发明创造，即兴发挥，比别人更了解一个主题，并采取无效的东西，并使其发挥作用的人-这些人是资本主义的灵魂。)”可知，作者可能同意个人主义的本质在于追求卓越。故选B。 题型03 推断写作意图题 （2025·上海闵行·二模） Beyond practice, creativity grows in environments that encourage exploration and problem-solving. Many breakthroughs in music, science, and art do not emerge from sudden inspiration but rather from sustained effort and experimentation. A composer might spend weeks testing different chord (和弦) progressions before discovering a unique combination. Similarly, a scientist may conduct numerous failed experiments before uncovering a groundbreaking solution. Thomas Edison, for example, famously said that his success was built on “1,000 ways that won’t work” before inventing the lightbulb (灯泡). 2．The role of the example of Thomas Edison in paragraph 3 is _________. A．to illustrate that failure can lead to success B．to show that perseverance is essential for creativity C．to emphasize that success depends on the initial talent D．to argue that failure is the main source of creativity 【答案】 2．B 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Similarly, a scientist may conduct numerous failed experiments before uncovering a groundbreaking solution. Thomas Edison, for example, famously said that his success was built on “1,000 ways that won’t work” before inventing the lightbulb (灯泡).(同样，科学家在发现突破性的解决方案之前，可能会进行无数次失败的实验。例如，托马斯·爱迪生在发明灯泡之前曾说过，他的成功建立在“1000种行不通的方法”之上)”可推知，托马斯·爱迪生的例子是为了说明创造力需要坚持不懈的努力，即毅力对创造力至关重要。故选B。 （2025·上海长宁·二模） In this new year, instead of making new resolutions that you’ll probably abandon by February, why not give Rubin’s Happiness Project a try? It is likely that you will then see an increase in your own happiness in 2025 and the happiness you bring to others around you. 4．The main purpose of the passage is to ____. A．describe the author’s personal journey of self-discovery B．inspire readers to seek happiness as the book suggests C．explain the importance of setting goals in life D．promote sales of a particular self-help book 【答案】 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Gretchen Rubin的著作《The Happiness Project》及其核心理念。该书评从创作背景，书籍特点，具体内容方面进行了介绍，同时在末尾段落呼吁读者尝试书中方法。 4．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“In this new year, instead of making new resolutions that you’ll probably abandon by February, why not give Rubin’s Happiness Project a try? It is likely that you will then see an increase in your own happiness in 2025 and the happiness you bring to others around you. (在新的一年里，与其立下那些大概到二月就会放弃的新年决心，为何不试试鲁宾的“幸福计划”呢？这样，您很可能会在 2025 年感受到自身幸福的提升，也会给身边的人带来更多快乐。)”可知，作者在最后一段建议读者尝试书中方法，由此推知，其核心目的是激励读者实践书中的幸福追求方式。故选B项。 （2024普陀二模） And when I say “extremely lucky” I mean it. Despite trying this technique for over a decade, it is only now that astronomers have found a candidate black hole through microlensing. Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun. If the true mass of the object is at the lower end of that spectrum (光谱), then the wanderer is probably not a black hole. 66. What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph? A. To persevere in the end is to win. B. Facts speak louder than words. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Things are not always what they seem. 【答案】 66. D 【66题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun.(两个团队使用了相同的数据，智利的OGLE(光学引力透镜实验)望远镜和新西兰的MOA(天体物理学中的微透镜观测)望远镜都记录了一个微透镜事件。一个研究小组发现，它的质量大约是太阳质量的7倍——绝对是黑洞的范围。但另一个小组估计的质量要小得多，大约是太阳质量的2-4倍。)”可知，最后一段提到了分析微透镜事件的两个团队在质量估计上的差异。这种差异表明，即使有科学数据和分析，一个物体的真实性质(在这种情况下，无论它是否是黑洞)也可能无法立即显现。不同的结论表明，即使有科学证据，事情也并不总是像它们看起来的那样。故选D。 题型04 推断文章出处或读者对象题 （2025·上海浦东新·二模） In Shanghai’s busy streets and towering highrises, a new dialect appears — one spoken in algorithms(算法). From decoding local idioms in conference rooms to preserving disappearing crafts and guiding graduates toward tech careers, AI is becoming the city’s cultural bridge. This is urban intelligence with local flavor. 3．Where would readers most likely find this article? A．A business blog. B．A career journal. C．A policy brief. D．A tech magazine. 【答案】 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在上海，人工智能（AI）在不同场景下的应用，如作为外国专业人士的文化翻译工具、保护即将消失的传统工艺、帮助大学毕业生匹配技术驱动市场的职业等。 3．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“In Shanghai’s busy streets and towering highrises, a new dialect appears — one spoken in algorithms(算法). From decoding local idioms in conference rooms to preserving disappearing crafts and guiding graduates toward tech careers, AI is becoming the city’s cultural bridge. This is urban intelligence with local flavor.( 在上海繁忙的街道和高耸的高楼中，一种新的方言出现了——一种用算法说的方言。从破译会议室里的当地习语，到保护消失的手工艺，再到引导毕业生从事科技职业，人工智能正在成为这座城市的文化桥梁。这是带有地方风味的城市智慧。)”可知，文章主要介绍了在上海，人工智能（AI）在不同场景下的应用，如作为外国专业人士的文化翻译工具、保护即将消失的传统工艺、帮助大学毕业生匹配技术驱动市场的职业等，重点围绕AI技术在不同方面的应用展开。D 选项“科技杂志”符合文章围绕 AI 技术应用的主题，所以读者最有可能在科技杂志上找到这篇文章。故选D项。 （2024金山二模） Looking for a career change? Check out these unconventional options! The Waterslide Tester When the pool where he worked as a lifeguard was closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were virtually deserted. In one video on the social platform, he pretended to be a “professional waterslide tester”. Unexpectedly, Pop became a social media sensation. He was then hired to “test” slides and other facilities at water parks and swimming pools all over France. “It’s the best job in the world,” declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. “I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!” 62. Who is most probably interested in this passage? A. Employees who are considering switching jobs. B. Students who are applying for ideal universities. C. Children who are interested in unusual activities. D. Graduates who are deciding on their essay topics. 【答案】62. A 【62题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Looking for a career change? Check out these unconventional options!(想换个工作？看看这些非传统的选择吧！)”可推知，考虑换工作的员工最有可能对这篇文章感兴趣。故选A。 考向02 阅读理解主旨大意题 题型01 文章大意题 （2025·上海浦东新·二模）Yoshiko Abe is about to turn 89, but that hasn’t stopped her from going to the gym every day and trying the free-of-charge makeup course at her housing complex. “It was really helpful,” she said, smiling after putting on foundation and pink lipstick, something she hadn’t done in years. Japan is the fastest-aging society in the world, where more than a quarter of its population is 65 and older, at 36 million people. In about a decade, the percentage will be 33%. The market for older people is estimated to grow to more than 100 trillion yen ($650 billion) in size this year. No wonder the young-at-heart are an expanding community for business. ......... Yoshihiko Hotta, 85, the only man in the class of about 30 people, didn’t try the lipstick but happily put on the hand cream and went along with all the exercise routines. While acknowledging he felt something like aching legs, he declared firmly, “I don’t think age is relevant.” 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Seniors in Japan are well aware of group identity. B．The rise of Japan’s silver economy redefines aging. C．Experts appeal to seniors to remain mentally active. D．Makeup courses are popular with the young-at-heart in Japan. 【答案】 4．B 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了日本老龄化社会中，老年市场不断发展，针对老年人的商业不只是传统的医疗和养老院，还包括化妆课程、豪华邮轮、“老歌”摇滚音乐会等，而且老年人对这些很感兴趣，他们依然活跃，对潮流敏感，化妆等活动对他们的身心健康有积极作用，这重新定义了老龄化。B选项“The rise of Japan’s silver economy redefines aging”（日本银发经济的崛起重新定义了老龄化）能很好地概括文章主旨。故选B项。 （2024静安二模） AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most, argues Andreessen Horowitz, a venture-capital (VC) firm. Games interactivity requires them to be stuffed with laboriously designed content: consider the 30 square miles of landscape or 60 hours of music in “Red Dead Redemption 2”, a recent cowboy adventure. Enlisting AI assistants to churn it out could drastically shrink timescales and budgets. 46. What is this passage mainly about? A. The evolution of graphics-processing units (GPUs). B. The impact of generative AI on the gaming industry. C. The societal significance of graphics-processing units (GPUs). D. The challenges generative AI presents to gaming studios. 【答案】 46. B 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most (人工智能现在正在颠覆帮助它诞生的行业。娱乐的每个部分都将受到生成式人工智能的影响，它可以消化文本、图像、音频或视频的输入，以创造相同的新输出。但变化最大的将是游戏行业)”可知，文章主要围绕生成式人工智能对游戏行业的影响展开，介绍了人工智能有望简化游戏开发过程，可以被用来创造新的游戏内容，并且可能改变游戏开发的格局。小型公司可能会更快地意识到人工智能可能带来的新机遇，但大型工作室也能够利用人工智能技术来增强他们的业务。故选B项。 题型02 段落大意题 （2024闵行一模） In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Martha’s Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real-time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this project, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location”, says Haller. 65. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ________. A. the collection of data B. the testing of the algorithm C. the identification of the TRAPs D. the cooperation of two research teams 【答案】65. B 主旨大意题。根据第五段“In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Martha’s Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real-time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this project, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location”, says Haller. (ETH团队与麻省理工学院的一个团队合作，在美国东北海岸玛莎葡萄园附近的两个独立海洋实验中测试了他们新的基于TRAP的搜索算法。该团队利用海岸警卫队可用的相同实时数据，成功地实时识别了该地区的TRAP。他们发现，扔到水中的浮标和人体模型确实很快沿着这些新出现的曲线聚集起来。Haller说：“在这个项目中测试的几种竞争方法中，这是唯一一种始终找到正确位置的算法。”)”可知，这一段主要介绍这项算法的测试。故选B。 （2022杨浦二模） Parents, teachers and caregivers have long suspected the magic of storytelling to calm kids. Researchers have now quantified the biological and emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that narrative has the power to transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington from Brazil’s Federal University. “Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.” 63. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The effects of story-telling on children. B. The limitations of the earlier research. C. The methods used in earlier studies. D. The major breakthroughs achieved so far. 【答案】63. B 【解析】本文是说明文，主要讲的是研究人员现在已经量化了一个讲得好的故事在生理和情感上的好处。 【63题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.(早些时候的研究表明，故事有助于儿童处理和调节他们的情绪——但这主要是在实验室中进行的，受试者躺在功能性核磁共振成像仪里回答问题。很少有关于在更常见的医院环境中讲故事对生物和心理影响的研究。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是早期研究的局限性。故选B。 题型03 文章标题题 （2025·上海奉贤·二模）George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations. Since the early 1940s, his pioneering creations have dominated both big screens and the private collections of Hollywood’s celebrities. ........ George Barris has been designing cars for over six decades. He is a legend in the car design business, often referred to as the “Van Gogh” of the automobile industry. At 80, his son and daughter have taken over the day-to-day operations of the business, but he still actively designs cars in his studio. 4．What is the most appropriate title for the passage? A．Custom Car Clubs: Post-War Boom in Popularity B．Hollywood’s Great Car Designer: George Barris C．George Barris: A Legend in Custom Car Innovation D．Classic Car Designs: Batmobile &Koach Highlights 【答案】 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了汽车改造大师乔治·巴里斯的个人经历以及他在汽车改造行业所取得的成就。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations.(乔治·巴里斯不仅仅是一位普通的汽车设计师；他是一个有远见的人，他把汽车改造成定制的杰作，以满足客户最疯狂的想象)”结合文章主要介绍了汽车改造大师乔治·巴里斯的个人经历以及他在汽车改造行业所取得的成就。可知，C选项“乔治·巴里斯：定制汽车创新的传奇”最符合文章标题。故选C。 （2025·上海奉贤·二模） Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. 3．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. 【答案】 3．A 3．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself.(此外，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基等人指出，由于技术奇点本身的特殊性，预测其确切的时间线极其困难)”可推知，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基对预测技术奇点的态度是有所保留的。故选A。 （2025·上海浦东新·二模） This week’s Nobel Physics Prize honored two scientists who helped computers “learn” more like the human brain. A day later, the Chemistry Prize went to three researchers who used AI to design proteins and reveal molecular (分子的) structures, a problem that had troubled biologists for decades. .......... “Among” is the key word. Science is ever more a team effort, a beautiful, essential reality that the Nobels, with their strict rules and categories, struggle to celebrate. If Nobel Committee is now rewarding the contributions of AI, should it not also recognize the researchers whose results it learned from? 4．What might be the best title of this passage? A．AI takes over: the decline of traditional science B．AI dominates science: the end of human discovery C．Nobel Prizes question AI’s role in modern research D．Nobel Prizes highlight AI and teamwork in science 【答案】 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了今年诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖与计算机科学相关，引发了人们的抱怨，进而探讨了人工智能在科学研究中的作用以及诺贝尔奖在当今科学发展下所面临的问题，强调了科学研究中人工智能和团队合作的重要性。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“This week’s Nobel Physics Prize honored two scientists who helped computers “learn” more like the human brain. A day later, the Chemistry Prize went to three researchers who used AI to design proteins and reveal molecular (分子的) structures, a problem that had troubled biologists for decades.(本周的诺贝尔物理学奖授予了两位帮助计算机像人类大脑一样“学习”的科学家。一天后，化学奖颁给了三位利用人工智能设计蛋白质和揭示分子结构的研究人员，这是一个困扰生物学家几十年的问题)”和最后一段“Science is ever more a team effort, a beautiful, essential reality that the Nobels, with their strict rules and categories, struggle to celebrate(科学越来越是一种团队努力，这是一个美好而重要的现实，而诺贝尔奖以其严格的规则和类别，很难对此进行赞扬)”可知，文章主要讲述了今年诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖与计算机科学相关，引发了人们的抱怨，进而探讨了人工智能在科学研究中的作用以及诺贝尔奖在当今科学发展下所面临的问题，强调了科学研究中人工智能和团队合作的重要性。D选项“诺贝尔奖凸显了人工智能和科学中的团队合作”为短文的最佳标题，故选 D。 （2024松江二模） Although Bierman’s explanation is still based on guesses and has not accepted by mainstream science, Watt does think it is worth considering. For now, believing that it’s possible to predict future with dreams remains an act of faith. Yet, it’s possible that one day we’ll wake up to a true understanding of this fascinating phenomenon. 46. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Should Dreams Be Assessed? B. Can Dreams Predict the Future? C. How Can Physics Be Changed to Explain Dreams? D. Why Should Scientists Study Precognitive Dreams? 【答案】 46. B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段的“Although Bierman’s explanation is still based on guesses and has not accepted by mainstream science, Watt does think it is worth considering. For now, believing that it’s possible to predict future with dreams remains an act of faith. Yet, it’s possible that one day we’ll wake up to a true understanding of this fascinating phenomenon.(虽然比尔曼的解释仍然是基于猜测，并没有被主流科学所接受， 但瓦特确实认为这是值得考虑的。现在，相信可以通过梦来预测未来仍然是一种信仰行为。然而，有可能有一天我们会对这个迷人的现象有一个真正的理解)”可知，文章探讨了先知性梦是否能够预测未来的可能性，以及相关的科学和心理学观点。文章提到了一些专家的看法，包括法国教授Christopher French、爱丁堡大学的Caroline Watt教授以及物理学家和心理学家Dick Bierman的理论。这些观点涉及到先知性梦的可能解释和相关的挑战，以及对科学理论的影响，因此B项“Can Dreams Predict the Future?(梦能预测未来吗？)”是最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 1 【2025届上海市延安中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 Some years ago, I had a friend who got into trouble on the internet. He was writing a book that showed a strong opinion on a controversial topic and had been talking about it on social media. He didn’t have a large following, but activists who opposed his view of the issue began to notice and decided that he needed punishing for wrongthink. Their anger about his work spread the conversation to people who anonymously (匿名地) and deliberately seek to upset others and start fights online — and one thing led to another, some of them began to abuse my friend harshly. “People are telling me to kill myself!” he told me, with desperation in his voice. He started worrying about being doxed. “Do I need private security? Maybe I should move.” Out of curiosity, I asked my friend how much time he was then spending on social media, monitoring all the abuse. “Pretty much all day,” he said. This made sense to him because he felt the severity of the situation demanded his full attention: A threat’s a threat, right? I made one simple suggestion: Delete the apps and stop interacting with social media for a week. He took my advice reluctantly, but over the next few days, he stopped thinking about the trouble so much. By the time he reopened the apps, he found those mean guys had largely moved on to new victims and targets. What my friend learned was that this annoyance, which had seemed very real to him, could be erased almost completely by using two powerful weapons: ______. What works in our internet-based culture can apply equally well to other areas of modern life. Take again this friend of mine for example. After that incident, he started thinking: Were there other areas of his life where the two weapons could work. After getting informed about alcohol use, he changed his perception of drinking and avoided engaging with the substance. He also decided to reevaluate what had been his favorite news organization; he then saw it in a much more questioning light, so he withdrew his attention by unsubscribing. 1．What did those opponents of the author’s friend do? A．They showed a strong opposition against the controversial topic. B．They angrily and publicly opposed that friend’s argument. C．They deliberately and secretly triggered online fights. D．They resorted to merciless bullying of that friend. 2．Which of the following may be an act of “doxing” (Paragraph 2)? A．calling someone names B．revealing one’s phone number C．visiting someone personally D．making up some stories 3．What did that targeted man do to survive the attacks? A．He talked with his friends. B．He moved house immediately. C．He ignored the abuse temporarily. D．He opened the app once every week. 4．What might be the weapons mentioned in the last paragraph? A．perception and attention B．friendship and ignorance C．refusal and departure D．disengagement and evaluation 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者朋友因在社交媒体发表争议观点遭匿名者欺凌，整日关注辱骂信息。作者建议其删除应用，一周后骚扰者转移目标。朋友领悟到应对网络骚扰的武器是“脱离互动”与“自我评估”，并将此方法应用于生活其他方面，如重新审视饮酒和新闻订阅。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Their anger about his work spread the conversation to people who anonymously (匿名地) and deliberately seek to upset others and start fights online — and one thing led to another, some of them began to abuse my friend harshly. “People are telling me to kill myself!” he told me, with desperation in his voice.(他们对他的行为的愤怒情绪将话题引向了那些匿名且蓄意在网上挑起事端、制造冲突的人群当中——由此引发了一系列事件，其中一些人开始对我朋友进行严厉的辱骂。“人们都在叫我自杀！”他带着绝望的语气对我说道)”可知，那些反对作者朋友的人对那位朋友进行了残酷的欺凌。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段““People are telling me to kill myself!” he told me, with desperation in his voice.(“人们都在叫我自杀！”他带着绝望的语气对我说道)”可知，朋友收到了让他自杀的信息，故doxing涉及隐私泄露导致安全威胁，如泄露电话号码等个人信息，故公开自己的电话号码可能是“曝光个人信息”的行为。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I made one simple suggestion: Delete the apps and stop interacting with social media for a week. He took my advice reluctantly, but over the next few days, he stopped thinking about the trouble so much. By the time he reopened the apps, he found those mean guys had largely moved on to new victims and targets.(我提出了一个简单的建议：删除所有应用程序，并停止使用社交媒体一周。他很不情愿地接受了我的建议，但在接下来的几天里，他不再那么在意那些麻烦事了。等到他重新打开这些应用程序时，他发现那些恶毒的人大多已经转向了新的受害者和目标)”可知，那个被攻击的人暂时没有理会那些辱骂的话。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“I made one simple suggestion: Delete the apps and stop interacting with social media for a week.(我提出了一个简单的建议：删除所有应用程序，并停止使用社交媒体一周)”以及最后一段“After getting informed about alcohol use, he changed his perception of drinking and avoided engaging with the substance. He also decided to reevaluate what had been his favorite news organization; he then saw it in a much more questioning light, so he withdrew his attention by unsubscribing.(在得知有关饮酒的信息后，他改变了对饮酒的看法，并且不再接触这种行为。他还决定重新审视自己曾经最喜爱的新闻机构；之后他从一个更具质疑性的角度看待它，于是便不再关注它，于是取消了订阅)”可知，最后一段提到的“two powerful weapons”对应前文“停止使用社交媒体”（disengagement，脱离）和后文 “重新评估新闻机构并退订”（evaluation，评估）。故选D。 Passage 2 【上海市静安区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末教学质量调研英语试题】 In a town near the Potomac River, George and Anne Allen, both 82, struggle to remain in their beloved three-story house and neighborhood. Mr. Allen has had trouble walking since he broke his backbone in a fall down the stairs, and he expects to lose his driver’s license when it comes up for renewal given his physical state. Mrs. Allen recently got her foot hurt getting out of bed. Neither can climb up to change the light or bend under the sink to fix a leak. Without outside help, stores and public locations mean unimaginable hikes to them. So the Allens have banded together with their neighbors, who are equally determined to avoid being forced from their homes by dependence. Along with more than 100 communities nationwide, their group is part of a movement to make neighborhoods comfortable places to grow old in. “We are totally dependent on ourselves,” Mr. Allen said. “But I want to live in a mixed community, not just with the elderly. And as long as we can do it here, that’s what we want.” Their group has been registered as a nonprofit corporation, is setting membership dues, and is lining up providers of transportation, home repair, companionship, security and other services to meet their needs at home for as long as possible. Urban planners say this movement, organized by residents instead of government agencies, could make “aging in place” safe and affordable for a majority of elderly people. Although not the cure- all for those with complicated medical needs, the approach addresses what experts say can be a premature decision by older people to give up their homes in response to relatively small problems. As these small problems mount, sometimes accompanied by pressure from adult children, the elderly homeowner is caught off guard. Remaining at home without sufficient help is frightening. “If people don’t feel so overpowered, they don’t have to jump at precipitous decisions. Actually practices like moving into nursing homes are hard to be reversed,” said an expert. For inspiration, “aging in place” groups now pay yearly dues — $580 for an individual in exchange for the security of knowing that carpenters, chefs, computer experts or home health helpers are one phone call away. 5．What is NOT mentioned as a problem the Allens meet with? A．Physical weakness due to the broken bone. B．Possible loss of driver’s license due to breaking traffic rules. C．Failure to handle certain fixing tasks due to limited mobility. D．Difficulty in traveling to public places alone due to physical condition. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．People like Allens gather to live in a special place for shared elderly caring. B．The government arranges necessary services for people like Allens. C．Senior people give up “aging in place” life mainly out of pressure from children. D．“Aging in place” people pay to have necessary service staff on call. 7．The underlined word precipitous in the passage is closest in meaning to ________. A．alternative B．fake C．rushed D．joint 8．Which of the following is probably the title of the passage? A．US grey band fights to stay at home B．Attention, US seniors are suffering C．At home vs Nursing home-a hard choice for US seniors D．US adult children, it’s time to care for your parents 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了关于老年人如何在社区中保持独立生活，以及一个由居民自发组织的运动，旨在使社区成为老年人舒适生活的地方的现象。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In a town near the Potomac River, George and Anne Allen, both 82, struggle to remain in their beloved three-story house and neighborhood. Mr. Allen has had trouble walking since he broke his backbone in a fall down the stairs, and he expects to lose his driver’s license when it comes up for renewal given his physical state. Mrs. Allen recently got her foot hurt getting out of bed. Neither can climb up to change the light or bend under the sink to fix a leak. Without outside help, stores and public locations mean unimaginable hikes to them.(在波托马克河附近的一个小镇上，82岁的George和Anne Allen夫妇正努力留在他们心爱的三层楼房和社区里。Allen先生自从在楼梯上摔倒摔断了脊椎后，走路就一直很困难，而且考虑到他的身体状况，他在驾照到期续签时可能会失去驾驶资格。Allen太太最近下床时不小心弄伤了脚。他们俩都无法爬上梯子去换灯泡，也无法在洗碗池下弯腰修理漏水。如果没有外界的帮助，对他们来说，去商店和公共场所将意味着难以想象的艰难跋涉)”可知，选项A、C和D都是Allen夫妇所遇到的问题。选项B“Possible loss of driver’s license due to breaking traffic rules.(因违反交通规则而可能失去驾照)”并未提及。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For inspiration, “aging in place” groups now pay yearly dues — $580 for an individual in exchange for the security of knowing that carpenters, chefs, computer experts or home health helpers are one phone call away.(为了获得启发，“就地养老”团体现在每年支付会费——个人580美元，以此换取安全保障，知道木匠、厨师、计算机专家或家庭健康助手只需一个电话就能随叫随到)”可知，“就地养老”团体现在每年支付会费，以确保知道木匠、厨师、计算机专家或家庭健康助手只需一个电话就能随叫随到。故选D。 7．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Although not the cure — all for those with complicated medical needs, the approach addresses what experts say can be a premature decision by older people to give up their homes in response to relatively small problems. As these small problems mount, sometimes accompanied by pressure from adult children, the elderly homeowner is caught off guard. Remaining at home without sufficient help is frightening. (虽然这种方法并不能解决所有复杂医疗需求的问题，但它解决了专家所说的老年人因相对较小的问题而草率放弃家园的过早决定。随着这些小问题的不断累积，有时再加上成年子女的压力，老年房主会感到措手不及。没有足够的帮助而留在家里是令人害怕的)”可推测，如果遇到很多问题，老人会仓促作出决定。再根据所在句““If people don’t feel so overpowered, they don’t have to jump at precipitous decisions. Actually practices like moving into nursing homes are hard to be reversed,” said an expert.(“如果人们不感到那么无助，他们就不必______ 做出决定。实际上，像搬进养老院这样的做法是很难逆转的，”一位专家说)”可推测，划线单词和“仓促间”意思相符。选项C“rushed(匆忙)”与此意义相近。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“So the Allens have banded together with their neighbors, who are equally determined to avoid being forced from their homes by dependence. Along with more than 100 communities nationwide, their group is part of a movement to make neighborhoods comfortable places to grow old in.(因此，Allen夫妇与他们的邻居们团结起来，邻居们也同样决心避免因为依赖他人而被迫离开自己的家。与全国100多个社区一样，他们的团体也是致力于让社区成为老年人舒适生活的地方的运动的一部分)”以及第四段“Their group has been registered as a nonprofit corporation, is setting membership dues, and is lining up providers of transportation, home repair, companionship, security and other services to meet their needs at home for as long as possible. (他们的团体已经注册为非营利性公司，正在设定会员费，并正在组织交通、房屋维修、陪伴、安全和其他服务的提供者，以满足他们在家里尽可能长时间生活的需求。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了美国老年人为了能在自己家中养老，即“就地养老”（aging in place），所做的努力和斗争。他们通过自发组织，确保自己能在熟悉的社区环境中养老，而无需被迫搬离到养老院或其他护理机构。选项A“US grey band fights to stay at home”直接反映了文章的主旨，即美国老年人为了能在自己家中养老所做的斗争。其中，“grey band”形象地描述了老年人群体，而“fights to stay at home”则准确地概括了他们的行动和目标，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Passage3 【2025届上海市奉贤区奉城高级中学高三下学期5月模拟练习英语试题】 Teens love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual worlds and taking quizzes. Of course, teens also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies . Instagram Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions (说明文字). When it comes to Instagram’s users, 53 percent of them are aged 18-29, but a big percentage of those may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to use the platform. Habbo Hotel Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate (装饰) with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Each room teens can interact in has an adult moderator (管理员) to make sure it stays safe. Fanlala Fanlala is a social network that gives teens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users. Teen Chat Teen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums (论坛) according to their interests. For example, there are chat rooms for those who love anime (动漫) and for those who’ve just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games, and sports. The platform offers a “Friend Finder” tool that will help teens search for people who live locally to them. 9．What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the text? A．It’s a great place for people to share photos. B．The majority of its users are in their 20s. C．It has the largest number of users. D．Only those above 18 normally use it. 10．Which site allows its users to create their own character and design a virtual room for it? A．Instagram. B．Habbo Hotel. C．Fanlala. D．Teen Chat. 11．What can you acquire from Fanlala? A．Game skills. B．Sports knowledge. C．Anime videos. D．Entertainment news. 【答案】9．A 10．B 11．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个青少年社交网站的特点及功能。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions (说明文字).( Instagram 允许青少年上传他们日常生活的照片，并与朋友分享。他们认为一张照片胜过千言万语，这肯定是正确的，因为 Instagram 每月活跃用户约有 3 亿人。该平台的核心内容就是配有简短说明的文字照片)”可知，与文中的其他网站相比，Instagram 是人们分享照片的绝佳平台。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Each teen receives a personal room to decorate (装饰) with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends.(每个青少年都会获得一间可自行装饰的个人房间，里面可以放置虚拟物品。他们还可以为自己的虚拟形象穿上虚拟服装，或者创建游戏与朋友一起玩)”可知，Habbo Hotel允许用户创建自己的角色并为其设计一个虚拟房间。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge.(通过它，用户可以获取他们喜爱的节目最新的新闻和八卦信息，还能参加测验和投票来检验自己的知识水平)”可知，从凡拉拉网站上你能获取到娱乐新闻。故选D。 Passage 4 【2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题】 Sign up today and you could win the journey of a lifetime, all expenses paid! Luxury without limits awaits. Imagine yourself: Experiencing a VIP Broadway premiere (百老汇VIP首映礼) in New York, with luxurious accommodations at The Grand Aurora Hotel. Jetting off to Rome for an exclusive opera performance from the Palazzo Verdi Suite by Stellar Rewards (星级奖励) , or even backstage with the stars! But there’s more! Become a new member, and countless advantages are waiting for you. Welcome drink Enjoy a free signature cocktail at the hotel during your stay. Check directly with the hotel to discover their selection of handcrafted drinks. Priority reception Upon arrival, enjoy priority access to our dedicated Stellar Rewards reception desk for Azure members. Late check-out If you desire a later departure, extend your stay in your room on the day of your check-out. This benefit is upon request and subject to availability. To access this offer, become a member of Stellar Rewards or sign in to your existing account and register for the promotion. The activation code will be pre-filled automatically. Ensure your Stellar Rewards loyalty number is added to your company booking tool profile before booking. If your code isn’t working, double-check it is identical. When writing the code, please pay close attention to capitalization. Using the wrong case will result in errors. Besides, the code is for one-time use. If your points haven’t appeared after seven days, please contact customer service. 12．What should Emma, as an Azure member, do first to enjoy her early check-in? A．Appreciate a premiere exclusive opera performance. B．Order a welcome signature cocktail at the reception bar. C．Ask politely for early access in the regular check-in line. D．Go directly to the dedicated Stellar Rewards reception desk. 13．What should Emma do if her activation code isn’t working? A．Immediately contact the customer service. B．Capitalize all the letters of the activation code. C．Check that the code is entered in an accurate way. D．Add the loyalty number to the booking tool profile. 14．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To criticize the high costs of luxury travel experiences. B．To persuade readers to register for a membership promotion. C．To provide tips on how to win free Broadway premiere tickets. D．To explain the history of Stellar Rewards and its achievements. 【答案】12．D 13．C 14．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Azure Hotels的“成为第1亿名会员”活动，列举豪华奖励和会员专属福利，并详细说明激活码使用规则，旨在吸引用户参加其会员推广活动。 12．细节理解题。根据Priority reception部分的“Upon arrival, enjoy priority access to our dedicated Stellar Rewards reception desk for Azure members. (抵达后，Azure会员可优先前往我们专设的“星级奖励”接待台办理手续)”可知，会员享受优先接待，可直接前往“星级奖励”专属接待台办理入住。故选D项。 13．细节理解题。根据最后一栏中“If your code isn’t working, double-check it is identical. When writing the code, please pay close attention to capitalization. Using the wrong case will result in errors. (如果您的验证码无法使用，请仔细核对输入是否正确。填写验证码时，请特别注意字母大小写。输入错误的格式会导致验证失败)”可知，如果激活码不起作用，用户应检查密码输入是否准确。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。文章标题“Will you be our 100 millionth member? (你愿意成为我们的第1亿名会员吗)”表明这是Azure Hotels的“成为第1亿名会员”活动，再结合全文内容，尤其是开头的“Sign up today and you could win the journey of a lifetime, all expenses paid! (立即注册即有机会赢取终身难忘的全包豪华旅程)”、第三栏中“Become a new member, and countless advantages are waiting for you. (成为新会员，海量专属福利等您来享)”和最后一栏中“To access this offer, become a member of Stellar Rewards or sign in to your existing account and register for the promotion. (享受此优惠，您需要注册成为“星级奖励”会员或登录现有账户参与本次促销活动)”可知，酒店通过列举豪华奖励和会员专属福利，并详细说明激活码使用规则，旨在说服读者报名参加其会员推广活动。故选B项。 Passage 5 【2025届上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学高三毕业考英语试题】 The placebo effect is a well-known example of the brain’s power over the body, allowing people who are poorly or in pain to improve if they are led to believe they are being treated. The opposite, however, is also possible: patients who believe that procedures will cause them to suffer ill effects can make themselves worse. The roots of this anti-placebo, or nocebo, effect are difficult to identify. But in a paper in Health Psychology Review, researchers in Australia have pooled the available evidence and ranked the contributing factors. Misinformation on social media seems to come near the top. In fact, what psychologists call social learning — the drawing of inferences from the views of others — was found to be as powerful as lived experience, and more influential than information given by a doctor. This is a problem, says Cosette Saunders, a psychologist at the University of Sydney and lead author of the study. Social learning may not be able to spread infection or cause new disease, but it can drive harmful side-effects. And managing these side-effects costs health systems around the world billions of dollars. Take cancer treatment. In recent years, new drugs have emerged to control the side-effects experienced by people receiving chemotherapy. But Dr Saunders says that vomiting and nausea have not come down in cancer patients by as much as expected. Social learning may be responsible. “They’ll say, their mother-in-law had chemo twenty years ago and she was vomiting every single day,” Dr Saunders says. “Those kinds of long-held beliefs are influencing them now, even though the medical landscape has changed.” Though the impact of the placebo effect has been recognised for centuries, work on the nocebo effect is much newer. Only in the past two decades have many scientists been convinced of its real-world impact, helped by studies that demonstrate how a negative attitude can lead to physical symptoms such as increased heart rate and physiological arousal. The conclusions of the Australian analysis are clear about the power of social learning. But, says Dr Saunders, it is hard to know how much of these effects are down to social-media use as opposed to, say, chatting with friends at the pub. Dr Saunders’ lab is one of many now trying to find ways to minimise the damage. One possibility is to balance warnings of nasty side-effects with positive proof from patients who had no problems. If she finds something that works, she’ll pass it on. 15．What can we learn about social learning from the passage? A．It causes the health systems to fail. B．It affects patients less than doctors’ advice. C．It is as impactful as people’s lived experience. D．It occurs when misinformation spreads on social media. 16．Cancer treatment is mentioned in Para. 4 to show ______. A．vomiting and nausea are common negative outcomes B．the nocebo effect can lead to harmful results C．new drugs are ineffective in controlling the side effects D．the medical industry has undergone great changes 17．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．The impact of the nocebo effect is long-established. B．The nocebo effect is more powerful than the placebo effect. C．Labs have found ways to ease the damage of social learning. D．Social learning may affect people negatively via informal interactions. 18．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The key contributor to the nocebo effect. B．The function of doctors’ advice in healthcare. C．The clue to the nocebo effect in medical research. D．The role of social media in spreading misinformation. 【答案】15．C 16．B 17．D 18．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了反安慰剂效应（nocebo effect）的关键影响因素。文章指出，社会学习（尤其是社交媒体上的错误信息和人际交流中的观点传递）是反安慰剂效应的主要根源，它会导致患者产生负面预期，进而加剧症状，甚至给医疗系统带来巨大负担。 15．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, what psychologists call social learning — the drawing of inferences from the views of others — was found to be as powerful as lived experience, and more influential than information given by a doctor.(事实上，心理学家所称的“社会学习”——即从他人观点中推断信息的过程——被发现与亲身经历具有同等效力，且比医生提供的信息更具影响力)”可知，社会学习的影响力与个人亲身经历相当。故选C项。 16．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In recent years, new drugs have emerged to control the side-effects experienced by people receiving chemotherapy. But Dr Saunders says that vomiting and nausea have not come down in cancer patients by as much as expected. Social learning may be responsible. “They’ll say, their mother-in-law had chemo twenty years ago and she was vomiting every single day,” Dr Saunders says. “Those kinds of long-held beliefs are influencing them now, even though the medical landscape has changed.”(近年来，控制化疗患者副作用的新药不断涌现。但桑德斯博士指出，癌症患者的呕吐和恶心症状降幅并未达到预期。社会学习可能要对此负责。“他们会说，他们二十年前做化疗的岳母每天都呕吐，”桑德斯博士说。“尽管医疗环境已经发生了变化，但这种长期存在的观念现在仍在影响着他们。”)”可知，尽管医疗环境已经发生了变化，但长期存在的信念现在仍在影响着他们，可推理出提到癌症治疗是为了说明反安慰剂效应可能导致有害的结果。故选B项。 17．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The conclusions of the Australian analysis are clear about the power of social learning. But, says Dr Saunders, it is hard to know how much of these effects are down to social-media use as opposed to, say, chatting with friends at the pub.(澳大利亚的分析结论已明确社会学习的影响力。但桑德斯博士说，很难确定这些影响有多少是由社交媒体使用导致的，而不是比如在酒吧里和朋友聊天等其他因素)”可知，社会学习可能通过非正式互动（如和朋友聊天）对人产生负面影响。选项D“社会学习可能通过非正式互动对人产生负面影响”正确。故选D项。 18．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The placebo effect is a well-known example of the brain’s power over the body, allowing people who are poorly or in pain to improve if they are led to believe they are being treated. The opposite, however, is also possible: patients who believe that procedures will cause them to suffer ill effects can make themselves worse(安慰剂效应是大脑对身体影响力的一个重要例证，它能让那些身体欠佳或处于痛苦中的人们在相信自己正在接受治疗时，状况有所改善。然而，相反的情况也可能发生：如果患者认为某些治疗程序会给他们带来不良影响，那么他们的状况可能会变得更糟)”、第四段中“Social learning may be responsible. “They’ll say, their mother-in-law had chemo twenty years ago and she was vomiting every single day,” Dr Saunders says. “Those kinds of long-held beliefs are influencing them now, even though the medical landscape has changed.”(社会学习可能要对此负责。“他们会说，他们二十年前做化疗的岳母每天都呕吐，”桑德斯博士说。“尽管医疗环境已经发生了变化，但这种长期存在的观念现在仍在影响着他们。”)”以及最后一段中“But, says Dr Saunders, it is hard to know how much of these effects are down to social-media use as opposed to, say, chatting with friends at the pub(但桑德斯博士说，很难确定这些影响有多少是由社交媒体使用导致的，而不是比如在酒吧里和朋友聊天等其他因素)”及全文内容可知，文章主要探讨了反安慰剂效应的根源，特别是社会学习在其中的作用。通过分析癌症治疗的例子，文章揭示了社会学习如何通过负面信息影响患者的健康状况，并探讨了如何减轻这种负面影响的方法。因此，文章的主要讲的是反安慰剂效应的关键因素。故选A项。 （2018年6月·上海高考试题） (A) Apparently, the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank — or a specific country — is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project.). In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K. Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency — and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination. On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods. "How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape," Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time." Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born. Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we've assigned value to — and probably less durable over time than those shells. 56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Money was created and was widely used in the world. B. Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past. C. The ingredients of world’s first coins may be the combination of gold and silver. D. Using shells for money has been out of date in the world. 57. The word “mint” in paragraph 5 is closest in the meaning to _______________. A. a kind of money that can exchange B. the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candied C. a place to produce and polish shells D. a factory that produces currency 58.What's opinion of the author towards shells for money? A.Reasonable B.Imaginary C.Convenient. D. Inventive. 59.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The History of Bitcoin B.Shells Still Money C.The Currency ls of Great Use D.Some Shells 【答案】 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. B 【解析】 56.C[解析]考查细节理解。根据文中 So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum(银金objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock and cowrie shells，因此，尽管世界上最早的一些硬币是由一种名为银金矿的自然存在的金银混合物制成的，但硬币以外的其他物品却充当了货币，包括珠子、象牙，牲畜和牛壳。故选C。 57.D[解析]考查细节理解。由文章第三段可知通过文中“...there's only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-boLlong ropes,are made”岛上只有一个地方制造贝壳，贝壳经过打磨和电起形成 3英尺长的绳索。以及“Once maroond(闲逛) out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was bom "日在岛屿上闲逛，当地人需要一种货币在他们之间使用，于是贝壳货币诞生了可知 mint是一个造币的地方，故选 D。 58.A[解析]考查逻辑推理。reasonable 合理的。根据最后一段中 Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today.可知作者认为贝壳换钱是合理的故选A。 59.B[解析]考查逻辑推理。根据全文可知，作者一直在讨论贝壳仍然被用来充当纸币的事情。故选 B。 (B) How Do You Move a Giant Sequoia? Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer (针叶树) stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design. The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I [had] lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president—and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.-Leslie Nemo l. Mark A Merit and his team at Environmental Design installed underneath the root ball a platform of seven-inch-diameter, 44-foot-long steelbars and , just below the rods , a first set of uninflated airbags ( shown in gray ). The team also dug a shallow ramp. 2. In roughly 15 minutes , the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the surface of the hole. 3. By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed the platform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of the hole while staying level. A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back of the platform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home. 4.There a second set of partially inflated bags( shown in white ) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil. 5. Using the first set of airbags , the movers rolled the platform into the new hole. 6. The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree. 7. The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower the sequoia's root ball to the bottom of its hole. The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years. 8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home. 60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined “stood in the way of"? A.Resisted. B.Balanced C. Blocked. D.Promoted 6l. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees? A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use. B. Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans. C. Because it corresponds to government's plan of Environmental Design. D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old. 62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with? A. They will be given new soil in the new living environment B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees. C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years. 【答案】60.C 61.B 62. D 【解析】 60.C[解析]考查短语意思及上下文理解。根据文章上下文理解可知，此处 stood in the way of 为阻碍的意思，可以替换的单词为C选项 hinder 阻碍;妨碍; 阻挡故选 C。 61.B[解析]考查文章细节理解。根据第一段中“ So,when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design."可知，红移树碍了医院扩建计划，故选 B。 62.D[解析]考查文章细节理解。根据文章中“8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.”可知,在未来五年内本地公园服务处将会监察及维修新居树木，故选 D. (C) The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations -- it's the household budget, for example. Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above -- a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set. If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "0" on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books -- the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme -- all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets. If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not. 63. Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE? A. It is a limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. B. Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex. C.I is the effectively a map of future expenditures. D. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation. 64.What is the purpose of the passage? A.To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation. B.To help us figure out the meaning of Budget Line C. To tell us we should budget before we buy goods D.To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line 65. Assume that each movie costs $ 10 and each crime novel costs $ 15， you have $ 150. Which is RIGHT according to this passage? A.The maximum number of movies you can see is 10. B. The maximum number of crime novels you can buy is 15 C.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 5 movies. D.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies 66. What is the best title of this passage? A. Are we really know the economic concept of a budget line? B. The Budget Line as an Economics Concept C. The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer Understanding D. The Complex Concept-Budget Line 【答案】 63. B 64. B 65.D 66.A 【解析】 63.B [解析] 考森细节。由 The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations.个基本概念，大多数消费者直观地理解它，而不需要图表和方程式。可知选 B。 64.B[解析]考查全文概括的能力。由第一个标圈“Understand the Economic Concept of a Budget Line'以及“The term "budget line" has several related meanings可以整篇文章就是围绕 Budget Line 是什么展开的。故选 B。 D[解析]考查文章的理解以及逻辑思维能力。由文中对 Budget Line 的公式解释以及举的例子可知: 150 美金能只看 15 部电影，只买 10 本小说，或者买7本小说，看4场电影。所有的消费活动需要控制在 150 美金之内。 66.A[解析]考查全文概括能力。由第一个标题 Understand the Economic Concept of a Budget Line 以及后续对 Budget Line 的解释可知选项A 最合适，其他选项以偏概全。 26 / 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$