Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures情态动词 课件-2024-2025学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

情态动词讲解 表示说话人情感、态度的助动词 情态动词 can/could；may/might；will/would；shall/should； ought to； must 二. 情实共存 need, dare, can 三. 情态动词属性的短语 +do sth would rather, have to , had better, used to 表示说话人情感、态度的助动词 一. 基础用法 1.情态动词表推测 possibility 2.情态动词表许可 permission 3.情态动词表必要性 necessity 二. 特殊用法 1.would/ used to will 2.can、could / be able to can 3.may /must/ should 4.shall 注意： mustn’t can may /might 100% must will 基于逻辑 should （按理说） would may might 50% might not may not would not should not will not could not(不太可能) 0% can not 1. 情态动词表推测 possibility 1. 情态动词表推测 possibility 注意： 1.mustn’t 禁止，不能表达概率，推测 2.can 在肯定句中，不表示推测; can 在疑问句和否定句中表推测 eg. Is that person in red Jane? -That can’t be Jane. She’s in hospital. 3.may&might 表推测不用疑问句中,常用 can 代替；而用于回答句（陈述句) eg. Can it be true? - It may be, or may not be. 1. 情态动词表推测 possibility A B D 1. -Who____it be that is standing by your mother? -It _____be my uncle, but I’m not sure. A.can; may B. must; can C.may; must D. must; should 2.That____be Doctor Wang. He is giving a speech in a conference in Shanghai. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.daren’t D. needn’t 3. -Sophia described every detail of the accident just now. - Her memory_____ be completely back, then? A. shall B.might C.could D.must 1. 情态动词表推测 possibility B A 4. She _____ well refuse to speak to you, because she’s in a very bad mood. A.will B.may C.must D.can 5.It’s getting late, so we _____as well call it a day. A.might B.could C.must D.might not may (well) do sth 很有可能做某事 may not be likely to do sth 很有可能不做什么某事 may/might as well do sth 最好/不妨做某事 提问 肯定回答 否定回答 补充 Must I finish my homework? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t. No, you don’t have to. Can I use your book? Could you open the door? Could I use your phone? Yes, you can/may. Of, course. No, you can’t. Sorry, I can’t.+原因 1.could仅为委婉语气，实际时态为现在时，回答时用 can/may.不用could 2.could 核心围绕对方发生请求 May I take this book out of the reading room? Yes, you can/may. No, you can’t mustn’t. 1.这里表许可用疑问句 2.表推测用于陈述句中 2.情态动词表许可 permission must can/could may /might will/ would shall /should 回答----问答语不一致 提问 肯定回答 否定回答 补充 Would/ Will you mind my smoking here? Not at all. I’m afraid I do. 1.will/ would + 第二人称 请求 2.且常用would 委婉 Shall I open the door? Shall he go now? Of course, if you want to. Maybe not, Let’s check first. 第一/三人称 表征求意见、提出建议 2.情态动词表许可 permission must can/could may /might will/ would shall /should 回答----问答语不一致 1. -_____I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustn’t. You______read it only here. A. Must; can B.May; can C. Need; must D.Must; must 2.-____ I wash the clothes now, mom? -No, you needn’t. You can do it after dinner. A.can B.May C. Must D.Could 3.-Could I call you by the first name? -Yes, you_____. A.will B.could C.may D.might B C C 2.情态动词表许可 permission 3.情态动词表必要性 Necessity 必要性 ：应该、必须、需要 You must come to class on time. You mustn't say things like that. 不做什么事情是很重要很有必要的 We should learn from each other. You ought to take good care of her. You needn't finish that work today. must / have to 三单时态区别 My brother was ill, so I had to take care of him. 外在的客观的原因而不得不去做某事 we must get together sometime。说话人主观的认为自己有责任或者应该做某事 I must study hard. / I have to study hard. Would do就表示过去，常常或习惯做某事反映了过去的意愿 use to do才能强调过去常常做某事，而现在不那样做了。 I used to smoke, but I gave up two years ago. When I was young, I’d listen to the radio waiting for my favorite songs. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 Each time his mother’s birthday came，he would buy her a present.(表示过去的习惯) My father used to go to the office by bike when he was young.(现在不是这样了) （一）特殊用法- would 和 used to （一）特殊用法- will（1） 做名词，表示意志、志愿，遗嘱 As the old saying goes，where there's a will, there is a way. I don't want to go against your will. My father left me the house in his will. be willing to do sth. I will try my best. You will help me, won’t you? （一）特殊用法- will（2） 1.某物不能正常工作或者不起作用，体现了事物自身的属性，一般不用被动语态 The door won’t open. -Would you mind closing the window? - Sorry, I tried, but it won’t close. 2.will 表示规律，意为“注定会”，过去时用 would You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance. （二）特殊用法- can/could和be able to can/ could 和be able to 的区分 can/could (表能力)在情态动词里，表能力的只有can和could。Can是现在具有的能力，而could是指过去具有的能力，通常是指人们期望或人们愿意做的事。 I can speak english。 I could eat ten hamburgers when I was young. 如果是需要某人经过一番努力做到的事情，就只能用be able to do Fit people are Better able to cope with stress. At last he was able to finish the work ahead of time. （二）特殊用法- can 1. 情态动词can表示惊讶、不相信的语气 How can you be so smart? How can I be so foolish? 2. 表示某人或某事常有的行为或情形，有时会或时而可能。 Beijing can be really cold in winter, and wuhan can be really hot in summer。 北京在冬天不总是冷的，武汉的夏天也不一直都是热的，但基本上都是这样的情况。 3.情形大多都是人们不期望或不愿意做的事。 He can be really bad temper at times. IT can be quite cold here in winter. （三）特殊用法- may、must、should 1.may 表祝愿 May you succeed. May you have a happy new year. 2.must 表示非要、偏偏，表示说话者的不满，疑惑感情色彩。 must you play the piano in the midnight？ 3.should 表竟然会，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色彩。 It is strange that he should be late， I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you. （四）特殊用法- shall(一) 1.一三人称疑问句：征求意见 Shall I open the door? 征求对方意见 Shall he go now? 为对方提供建议、帮助 2. 二、三陈述句 允诺、警告、法律法规 You shall get what you want if you behave well. 允诺 he shall get fined if he is caught by the police。 警告 Students shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 法律法规/规定 （四）特殊用法- shall(二) 1.第一人称+肯定句 表主观意愿，现在英语中被will 接管 I shall go tomorrow. I will go tomorrow. 2. shall 助动词 用法也被should接管 This time next week, I shall or I will be in scotland. And we shall not know the results until next week $$