精品解析：四川省资阳市2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

资阳市2024-2025学年度高中二年级第二学期期末质量监测 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man think of Linda? A. She's strict. B. She's confident. C. She's determined. 2. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. A book. B. A movie. C. A meeting. 3. Why does the man call the woman? A. To ask for information. B. To offer an invitation. C. To check on her health. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a library. B. In a car. C. In a classroom. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What will the woman do tonight? A. Make a cake. B. Buy a present. C. Decorate the house. 7. What will the speakers buy for Joe? A. A hat. B. A watch. C. A camera. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the woman probably? A. An editor. B. A photographer. C. A reporter. 9. Why did the woman go to New York three years ago? A. For study. B. For work. C. For travel. 10. When will the speakers probably meet again? A. Around 12: 30 pm. B. Around 1: 30 pm. C. Around 3: 30 pm. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Holding a meeting. 12. What was the most exciting part for the woman? A. Training with the band. B. Singing with the audience. C. Designing the stage. 13. What does the woman plan to do later this year? A. Go on tours. B. Write some songs. C. Learn a new instrument. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did the woman find useful advice? A. From a talk. B. From a magazine. C. From a website. 15. What does the woman think is most important for wildlife photographers? A. Paticence. B. Quick reactions. C. Professional skills. 16. What can help support a camera according to Richard? A. A tree trunk. B. A folded jacket. C. A small box. 17. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Calm. C. Excited. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does Gregory create his works? A. To enter competitions. B. To help the homeless. C. To store things. 19. What does Gregory use a washing machine door to make? A. A front door. B. A shelf. C. A window. 20. What does Gregory do to influence other artists? A. He gives speeches. B. He sells his works. C. He publishes books. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Location: Qatar is part of Asia and is in the Middle East. It is in the northern hemisphere. It is a peninsula (半岛) surrounded by the Gulf. It has a land border in the south to Saudi Arabia. Capital City: Doha. Official Language: Arabic. English is also widely spoken. Currency: Qatari Riyal. Government: Qatar is an absolute monarchy, which means there is only one leader who is called an Emir. The Emir has the final say in all matters to do with governing the country. Religion: Most Qataris are Muslim. Flag: The flag of Qatar is maroon and white with a zig-zagged line in between the two colors. Climate: Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Temperatures can reach 50℃! There is hardly any rain. Sandstorms are common. Physical Features: Qatar is about 100 miles long from north to south and 50 miles from east to west. The land of Qatar is mostly barren, low plains which are covered in desert. Wildlife: There is hardly any vegetation in Qatar apart from desert shrubs and grasses. In the north, there are some farming areas which produce crops including dates, tomatoes and melons. Animals like goats and camels are also raised. 1. Which is true about Qatar according to the text? A. It is an island which borders Asia. B. The Emir does not have much power. C. People communicate in Arabic and English. D. There are no animals due to the lack of vegetation. 2. What is the geographical feature of the land of Qatar? A. Wide. B. Sandy. C. Dirty. D. Hilly. 3. Where was the text most likely taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A film review. C. A book of facts. D. A tour instruction. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了卡塔尔的地理位置、语言、货币、政府形式、宗教、国旗、气候、地貌及野生动物等基本信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Official Language: Arabic. English is also widely spoken. (官方语言：阿拉伯语。英语也被广泛使用。)”可知，卡塔尔人使用阿拉伯语和英语交流。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Physical Features:部分中“The land of Qatar is mostly barren, low plains which are covered in desert. (卡塔尔的土地大多是贫瘠的低平原，被沙漠覆盖。)”可知，卡塔尔的地貌以沙地为主。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“Location: Qatar is part of Asia and is in the Middle East. It is in the northern hemisphere. It is a peninsula (半岛) surrounded by the Gulf. It has a land border in the south to Saudi Arabia. (地理位置：卡塔尔是亚洲的一部分，地处中东地区。它位于北半球，是一个被海湾环绕的半岛。卡塔尔南部与沙特阿拉伯接壤。)”可知，文章介绍了卡塔尔的地理位置、语言、货币、政府形式、宗教、国旗、气候、地貌及野生动物等基本信息，这些信息通常出现在事实类书籍中。故选C。 B The 2025 Spring Festival Gala had a special guest. He is Evan Kail, an American shop owner and content creator. In 2022, Kail received a photo album from one of his 200, 000 online followers. It contained photographs of the killings of Chinese civilians by Japanese troops during World War II. Kail realized that these could be evidence of war crimes. He posted a TikTok video featuring images from the album, hoping to find a museum that would like to examine them. The video went popular within hours and received over 25 million views in a week. Many Chinese viewers expressed their thanks to him. However, his decision not to publish or sell the photographs of the killings later caused a wild storm of online hate against him. Some people accused him of making the whole thing up and trying to get famous. He even receives serious life threats. Despite physical danger and emotional suffering, Kail was determined to give the album to China. He eventually donated it to the Consulate General (总领事馆) of China in Chicago. In response, he received a gift. It was a beautiful porcelain tea jar along with a letter thanking him for his contribution. The tea jar was present at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala as well. Two years after making the donation, Kail went on a two-month trip to China, visiting Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Heilongjiang and Wuhan. He hoped that he could be an ambassador (大使) of peace and help the people of both countries get to know each other. It was in Wuhan, the last stop of his journey, where he received his Gala invitation, making him the first American ever invited. 4. Why did Kail post a video with images from the album? A. He wanted to get famous. B. He wanted to publish the album. C. He hoped to examine the album. D. He planned to make some money. 5. What gift did Kail receive after donating the album? A. A porcelain tea jar. B. A free trip to China. C. A Spring Festival invitation. D. A letter of recommendation. 6. What was the goal of Kail’s trip to China? A. To meet friends. B. To promote peace. C. To visit museums. D. To sell his products. 7. Which of the following can best describe Kail? A. Careless and rude. B. Creative and artistic. C Selfish and attention-seeking. D. Brave and determined. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国店主Evan Kail捐赠二战日军侵华罪证相册并受邀参加2025年春晚的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He posted a TikTok video featuring images from the album, hoping to find a museum that would like to examine them. (他发布了一段TikTok视频，展示了相册中的照片，希望能找到一家愿意检查这些照片的博物馆。)”可知，Kail发布相册中的照片是为了希望找到博物馆来检查这些照片。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In response, he received a gift. It was a beautiful porcelain tea jar along with a letter thanking him for his contribution. (作为回应，他收到了一份礼物。那是一个漂亮的瓷茶罐，还有一封感谢他贡献的信。)”可知，Kail捐赠相册后收到一个瓷茶罐作为礼物。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“He hoped that he could be an ambassador (大使) of peace and help the people of both countries get to know each other. (他希望自己能成为和平大使，帮助两国人民相互了解。)”可知，Kail的中国之行是为了促进和平。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“He even receives serious life threats. (他甚至受到严重的生命威胁。)”和第四段中“Despite physical danger and emotional suffering, Kail was determined to give the album to China. (尽管面临身体危险和情感痛苦，Kail还是决定把相册交给中国。)”可知，Kail是一个勇敢且坚定的人。故选D。 C On the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) of northern China, around 40 million people still live in traditional caves called yaodong, combining perfectly with the region’s unique landscape. These cave houses are built with vaulted (有拱顶的) rooms and thick earthen walls. The entrances are decorated with beautiful wooden windows. Inside, you’ll find large, heated beds known as the kang, which provide warmth during cold winters. Small tunnels connect the rooms, creating a comfortable living space. The design of yaodong is closely tied to the environment of the Loess Plateau. The region has a dry climate with strong winds, making above-ground houses less practical. By contrast, yaodong are built into the earth, offering protection from bad weather. The soil in this area is thick and fine, making it easy to dig while providing strong support for the structure. This natural material also acts as excellent insulation, keeping the homes cool in summer and warm in winter. Additionally, because wood and other building materials are little, yaodong are a low-cost and sustainable choice for the local people. Yaodong come in different forms, each adapted to the local landscape. One type is the cliff-side yaodong (靠崖式窑洞), which is carved directly into the hill-sides. These homes have open fronts that allow natural light and air to flow in. Another type is the sunken yaodong (下沉式窑洞), which is built by digging a large rectangular pit (矩形坑) into the ground. Rooms are then carved into the walls of the pit, creating an underground courtyard. This design provides extra insulation and privacy. Finally, there are stand-alone yaodong, which are built above ground using materials like earth, stone and mud. These houses are common in areas where digging into the earth is not possible. 8. Which paragraph is mainly about the structure of yaodong? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 9. What does the underlined word “insulation” refer to in the text? A. A material to make rooms cooler. B. A material to make rooms warmer. C. A material to stop heat getting in and out. D. A material to prevent water coming in. 10. What do we know about the sunken yaodong? A. It has an open front yard. B. It stands on strong stones. C. It is dug directly into the hill-sides. D. It is built under the ground. 11. What can we learn from this text? A. We should be at one with nature. B. We should live in low-cost houses. C We should make the most of space. D. We should build more yangdong for people. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国黄土高原的传统窑洞，包括其结构特点、适应环境的优势，以及三种主要类型，展现了人类如何巧妙利用自然条件建造舒适的住所。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“These cave houses are built with vaulted rooms and thick earthen walls. The entrances are decorated with beautiful wooden windows. Inside, you’ll find large, heated beds known as the kang, which provide warmth during cold winters. Small tunnels connect the rooms, creating a comfortable living space. (这些窑洞房屋采用拱形结构和厚实的土墙建造。入口处装饰着精美的木制窗棂。屋内设有被称为“炕”的大型暖床，能在寒冬提供温暖。房间之间由小型通道相连，营造出舒适的生活空间)”可知，该段主要描述窑洞的结构，包括拱顶、土墙、门窗、炕和房间连接方式。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“keeping the homes cool in summer and warm in winter (使房屋冬暖夏凉)”可知，这种天然材料在控制热量进出上作用明显，具备极佳的隔热性能，画线词意为“隔热材料”。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Another type is the sunken yaodong, which is built by digging a large rectangular pit into the ground. Rooms are then carved into the walls of the pit, creating an underground courtyard. (另一种是下沉式窑洞，其建造方式是在地面向下挖掘一个长方形大坑，然后沿着坑壁开凿出房间，从而形成一个地下庭院)”可知，下沉式窑洞建在地下。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The design of yaodong is closely tied to the environment of the Loess Plateau. (窑洞的设计与黄土高原的自然环境紧密相连)”和最后一段中“Yaodong come in different forms, each adapted to the local landscape. (窑洞有多种形态，每种都因地制宜地适应着当地的地形特征)”可知，窑洞的设计顺应自然环境，契合当地的地形特征，体现了人与自然和谐相处的智慧，这启发我们学会与自然和谐共生。故选A项。 D Last month, a series of wildfires broke out in southern California, killing dozens of people. The clouds of smoke can even be seen from space. People of many fire-prone (容易起火的) areas as well as those far downwind have grown familiar with the thick, orange smoke. Such smoke can contain an unpredictable chemicals linked with heart and lung diseases and even cancer. Here’s what makes wild-fire smoke so dangerous. When organic matter like trees burns, it releases CO2, water, heat and, depending on the available fuel, various chemicals and particles (颗粒) . Those tiny particles, which float in the air, can include metals, dust and more. If they’re smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (直径), they can get through our body’s natural defenses when breathed in and go deep into the lungs, causing many health problems. Such particles, called PM2.5, is a common pollutant. It’s also created by motor vehicles and industrial plants. But the type present in wildfire smoke can be much more harmful to the human body. When a fire breaks out in an urban area, it destroys homes, offices, cars and other facilities. In other words, more stuff is burned. Paints, metals and more can release many kinds of harmful chemicals. A 2023 study found that the quantity of harmful chemicals released during urban wildfires was more than 1,000 times larger than that in fires happening in woodland areas. What’s worse, over time, the smoke is exposed to sunlight. The radiation can cause a set of reactions that usually result in other pollutants. Then, as smoke containing these chemicals travels and settles over other cities, it can mix with even more local pollution. Research also suggests that those chemicals and particles, both possibly harmful, can combine to make their respective health risks even worse. 12. What is the main topic of the text? A. The causes of wildfires. B. Climate change impact. C. Preventing urban wildfires. D. Health risks of wildfire smoke. 13. Why is PM2.5 from wildfire smoke dangerous? A. It enters the lungs. B. It travels far. C. It’s larger in size. D. It’s only from fires. 14. What’s a key difference between urban and woodland wildfires? A. Urban fires affect more trees. B. Urban fires burn less material. C. Urban fires release more pollutants. D. Urban fires produce less smoke. 15. What will probably happen when wildfire smoke is exposed to sunlight? A. It changes color. B. It becomes harmless. C. It quickly disappears. D. It forms other pollutants. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了野火烟雾对健康的危害，分析了其成分、来源及在城市与林地火灾中的差异，并指出烟雾在阳光下的反应会加剧污染。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Last month, a series of wildfires broke out in southern California, killing dozens of people. The clouds of smoke can even be seen from space.(上个月，加利福尼亚南部爆发了一系列野火，导致数十人丧生。从太空中甚至都能看到烟雾云团)”和第二段中“Such smoke can contain an unpredictable chemicals linked with heart and lung diseases and even cancer. Here’s what makes wild-fire smoke so dangerous. (这种烟雾可能含有与心脏病、肺病甚至癌症有关的不可预测的化学物质。这就是野火烟雾如此危险的原因)”可知，文章主要讨论了野火烟雾对健康的危害。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“If they’re smaller than 2. 5 micrometers in diameter (直径), they can get through our body’s natural defenses when breathed in and go deep into the lungs, causing many health problems. Such particles, called PM2. 5, is a common pollutant. (如果它们的直径小于2.5微米，吸入时就能突破人体的自然防御，深入肺部，引发许多健康问题。这种颗粒被称为PM2.5，是一种常见的污染物)”可知，PM2.5之所以危险，是因为它能进入肺部，引发健康问题。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“A 2023 study found that the quantity of harmful chemicals released during urban wildfires was more than 1,000 times larger than that in fires happening in woodland areas. (2023年的一项研究发现，城市野火释放的有害化学物质数量是林地火灾的1000多倍)”可知，城市野火与林地野火的关键区别在于城市野火释放的污染物更多。故选C。 15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“What’s worse, over time, the smoke is exposed to sunlight. The radiation can cause a set of reactions that usually result in other pollutants. (更糟糕的是，随着时间的推移，烟雾会暴露在阳光下。辐射会引起一系列反应，通常会产生其他污染物)”可知，野火烟雾暴露在阳光下会形成其他污染物。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I feel guilty every time I receive a new package on my doorstep. I know that buying more new things isn’t good for the planet — the production and use of household goods and services was found to have driven 60 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. ____16____ Actually, the desire to keep buying things isn’t just a personal imperfection — it’s actually part of how our brains evolved. Long ago, our ancestors survived by learning which choices led to good things, like moving toward food or backing away from dangers. ____17____ They help strengthen rewarding behavior by releasing dopamine (多巴胺), a feel-good chemical, whenever we do something good. Over time, we learn to repeat the actions that give us good feelings. ____18____ When we get an unexpected reward, our brains release even more dopamine. That’s why we feel excited when we find something unexpected while shopping. Over time, though, the original unexpected joy of that first purchase fades. The dopamine hit gets smaller with each repeat action. That’s why we’re constantly drawn to new things. ____19____ So, how do we break the cycle? The solution isn’t to stop buying things completely. Instead, we can replace the old rewards with new rewards. Just like changing chocolate for a healthier snack, we can find ways to satisfy our desire to shop without hurting the planet. ____20____ You still get something that is new to you, and that same good feeling of an unexpected reward, but without the need for a company to take more resources from the earth. A. Our brains love surprises. B. Buying used items is a smart and elegant choice. C. Our brains long for that original unexpected joy. D. Today, our brains still work that way, but they’re more complex. E. However, all humans are different, and our brains work differently. F. Still, every time I make a purchase, I get a small burst of joy that’s hard to resist. G. Creating social rewards can also encourage more people to change their behavior. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们不断购物的原因：大脑进化中用多巴胺奖励有益行为，偏爱惊喜，且重复购物快感减弱促使追求新事物，并给出用购二手物品打破循环的方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“I know that buying more new things isn’t good for the planet — the production and use of household goods and services was found to have driven 60 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. (我知道购买更多新东西对地球不好——发现家庭用品和服务的生产和使用导致了60%的温室气体排放)”及下文“Actually, the desire to keep buying things isn’t just a personal imperfection — it’s actually part of how our brains evolved. (实际上，持续购买东西的欲望不仅仅是个人的缺点——它实际上是我们大脑进化方式的一部分)”可知，上文表明知道购买新东西不好，下文却说购买欲望是大脑进化的结果，空处应与上文形成转折，说明即便知道不好但还是会有购买行为。F选项“Still, every time I make a purchase, I get a small burst of joy that’s hard to resist. (尽管如此，每次我购物时，都会有一阵难以抗拒的喜悦。)”符合语境，其中Still表示转折，a small burst of joy that’s hard to resist解释了为什么即便知道不好还继续购买，又引出了下文对购物愉悦感来源的解释。故选F。 【17题详解】 由上文“Long ago, our ancestors survived by learning which choices led to good things, like moving toward food or backing away from dangers. (很久以前，我们的祖先通过学习哪些选择会带来好的结果而生存下来，比如靠近食物或远离危险)”及下文“They help strengthen rewarding behavior by releasing dopamine (多巴胺), a feel-good chemical, whenever we do something good. (每当我们做了一件好事，它们就会释放多巴胺，一种让人感觉良好的化学物质，从而帮助强化有回报的行为)”可知，上文说祖先的生存方式，下文说大脑释放多巴胺强化行为，空处应说明现在大脑和祖先时期大脑的关联。D选项“Today, our brains still work that way, but they’re more complex. (今天，我们的大脑仍然以这种方式工作，但它们更复杂了。)”符合语境，其中that way指代上文中祖先通过选择带来好结果的生存方式，又引出当下大脑运作模式。故选D。 【18题详解】 由下文“When we get an unexpected reward, our brains release even more dopamine. That’s why we feel excited when we find something unexpected while shopping. (当我们得到意外的奖励时，我们的大脑会释放更多的多巴胺。这就是为什么我们在购物时发现意外的东西会感到兴奋)”可知，下文解释了大脑对意外奖励的反应，空处应引出这一话题。A选项“Our brains love surprises. (我们的大脑喜欢惊喜。)”符合语境，是下文的总起句，其中surprises与下文unexpected reward相呼应。故选A。 【19题详解】 由上文“Over time, though, the original unexpected joy of that first purchase fades. The dopamine hit gets smaller with each repeat action. That’s why we’re constantly drawn to new things. (然而，随着时间的推移，第一次购买的那种意外的喜悦逐渐消失。每次重复动作，多巴胺的刺激就会变小。这就是为什么我们总是被新事物所吸引)”可知，上文解释了为什么我们总是被新事物吸引，空处应进一步说明大脑对新事物吸引的原因。C选项“Our brains long for that original unexpected joy. (我们的大脑渴望最初那种意外的喜悦。)”符合语境，其中that original unexpected joy与上文the original unexpected joy相呼应。故选C。 【20题详解】 由上文“So, how do we break the cycle? The solution isn’t to stop buying things completely. Instead, we can replace the old rewards with new rewards. Just like changing chocolate for a healthier snack, we can find ways to satisfy our desire to shop without hurting the planet. (那么，我们如何打破这个循环呢？解决办法不是完全停止购买东西。相反，我们可以用新的奖励取代旧的奖励。就像用更健康的零食代替巧克力一样，我们可以找到在不伤害地球的情况下满足购物欲望的方法)”及下文“You still get something that is new to you, and that same good feeling of an unexpected reward, but without the need for a company to take more resources from the earth. (你仍然可以得到对你来说是新的东西，以及那种意外奖励的同样美好感觉，但不需要公司从地球上获取更多资源)”可知，上文说找到满足购物欲望又不伤害地球的方法，下文说得到新东西且不消耗更多资源，空处应提出具体的方法。B选项“Buying used items is a smart and elegant choice. (购买二手物品是一个明智而优雅的选择。)”符合语境，其中Buying used items既满足购物欲望，又不会像购买新物品那样消耗更多资源，呼应上下文的解决方案。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Do you ____21____ that old saying? Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a ____22____ arm. The words we speak show how we feel, and unkind words hurt both the person who ____23____ and the person who says them. On the other hand, kind words encourage others and ____24____ the people who say them. If you become a good ____25____, you’ll win more friends. You’ll ____26____ your teachers and parents, and you’ll even have a better ____27____ of getting a job in an interview. It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly and ____28____. If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you. Words are ____29____ that. What you throw out comes back to you. It’s ____30____ that sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness. But over the long run, if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words in ____31____. We communicate in more than just words. Any ____32____ you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you ____33____, and even the thoughts you have can ____34____ a message to someone. Therefore, it’s vital to master the art of communication, which builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness that ____35____ our lives and the lives of others. 21. A. recognize B. forget C. mind D. believe 22. A. controlled B. broken C. repaired D. raised 23. A. hears B. finds C. writes D. learns 24. A. slow down B. throw away C. build up D. figure out 25. A. communicator B. leader C. lecturer D. reporter 26. A. observe B. impress C. protect D. serve 27. A. method B. view C. chance D. standard 28. A. effectively B. regularly C. privately D. freely 29. A. about B. against C. below D. like 30. A. important B. true C. interesting D. simple 31. A. peace B. person C. return D. order 32. A. mistake B. movement C. decision D. arrangement 33. A. wear B. desire C. supply D. define 34. A. compare B. add C. match D. send 35. A. endangers B. exchanges C. enriches D. exposes 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了语言的力量，强调友善言语的重要性及其对人际关系的积极影响。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你相信那句古老的谚语吗？A. recognize认出；B. forget忘记；C. mind介意；D. believe相信。根据上文“Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.”和下文“Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a ____2____ arm.”可知，此处询问是否相信这句古老的谚语。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许不是，因为你知道言语有时比断臂更伤人。A. controlled受控制的，精心安排的；B. broken断了的，伤残的；C. repaired被修好的；D. raised提高的，升高的，突起的。根据上文“Sticks and stones will break my bones”、“words can sometimes hurt more than”和下文“arm”可知，此处是将言语的伤害与断臂的伤害进行比较。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所说的话表明了我们的感受，而恶毒的话既伤害了听到的人，也伤害了说话的人。A. hears听到；B. finds找到；C. writes写；D. learns学习。根据上文“and unkind words hurt both the person who”和下文“and the person who says them”可知，恶毒的话既伤害了听到的话人，也伤害了说话的人，“hears”对应“话语”的接收者。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，善意的话语鼓励他人，并增强说出这些话的人的信心。A. slow down减速；B. throw away扔掉；C. build up增强，使振作；D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文“kind words encourage others”、下文“you’ll win more friends ... and you’ll even have a better ____7____ of getting a job in an interview”以及“It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly”可知，善意的话语能鼓励他人，也能让说话人自身受益，build up符合语境，表示也能提升说话人自己，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你成为一个好的沟通者，你会赢得更多的朋友。A. communicator沟通者；B. leader领导者；C. lecturer讲师；D. reporter记者。根据下文“you’ll win more friends”可知，此处强调的是善于沟通的重要性，即做一个善于沟通的人的重要性，与下文“communicate clearly”相呼应。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会给老师和父母留下深刻印象，甚至在面试中更有机会得到工作。A. observe观察；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. protect保护；D. serve服务。根据上文“you’ll win more friends”以及下文“and you’ll even have a better ____7____ of getting a job in an interview”可知，善于沟通能给人留下深刻印象，在面试中会更有机会得到工作。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会给老师和父母留下深刻印象，甚至在面试中获得工作的机会也更大。A. method方法；B. view观点；C. chance机会；D. standard标准。根据下文“getting a job in an interview”可知，善于沟通能带来很多好处，包括在面试中更有机会得到工作。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学会清晰有效地沟通是有意义的。A. effectively有效地；B. regularly定期地；C. privately私下地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“communicate clearly”可知，设空处与clearly并列，由and连接，此处指学习做一个好的沟通者，学会清晰有效地沟通。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：言语就像那样。A. about关于；B. against反对；C. below在下面；D. like像。根据上文“If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you.”和下文“What you throw out comes back to you.”可知，此处是将言语与扔石头进行类比，说明言语也像扔石头一样，会回到说话者身边。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真的，有时候人们不会用善意来回应你的善意。A. important重要的；B. true真实的；C. interesting有趣的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness”可知，这是一个事实，即有时候人们不会用善意来回应善意。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但从长远来看，如果你传达善意，你也会得到善意的回报。A. peace和平；B. person人；C. return返回；D. order命令。根据上文“What you throw out comes back to you.”以及“if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words”可知，此处指如果你传达善意，你也会得到善意的回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你身体的任何动作，你嘴里发出的任何声音，你的表情，甚至你的想法，都可以向某人传达信息。A. mistake错误；B. movement动作；C. decision决定；D. arrangement安排。根据下文“you make with your body”可知，此处强调的是除了言语之外，身体的动作，即肢体语言也能传达信息。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wear穿，流露，面带，呈现（某种神态）；B. desire渴望；C. supply供应；D. define定义。根据上文“you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you”可知，此处强调的是声音、表情等都能传达信息。wear the expression为固定短语，意为“流露……表情”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. compare比较；B. add添加；C. match匹配；D. send发送。根据下文“a message to someone”可知，此处指向某人传达信息。send a message为固定短语，意为“发送信息，向某人传达信息”。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，掌握沟通的艺术至关重要，它能建立积极的联系，创造一股善意的浪潮，丰富我们的生活和他人的生活。A. endangers危及；B. exchanges交换；C. enriches丰富；D. exposes暴露。根据上文“builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness”和下文“our lives and the lives of others”可知，掌握沟通的艺术能建立积极的联系，创造善意，从而丰富我们的生活和他人的生活。故选C。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Now the modern preservers of China’s ancient books are determined ___36___ (take) advantage of their aged collections of books rather ___37___ let them gather dust. On Friday, the National Library of China ___38___ (announce) the digitization (数字化) of 7,085 ancient books, making them freely available online. This action is part of the Chinese Ancient Book Database, ___39___ has expanded to include 105,000 digitized since its launch in 2016. This latest expansion also celebrates ___40___ 115th anniversary of the national library. Among the newly digitized texts are rare editions, including a ___41___ (publish) print of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) of 1171 and a Northern Song period edition of the Houhanshu (Book of Later Han). The digitization also comprises a Yuan Dynasty version of the Suwen (Basic Questions), a part of the Huangdineijing (Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon) — the ___42___ (early) known book of traditional Chinese medicine. ___43___ (previous), researchers had to visit library in Beijing, but the free digital access has significantly increased public ___44___ (engage) with the historical resources. As of this year, nearly 39% of academic papers in a related journal have referred to the database, ____45____ (highlight) its growing influence. 【答案】36. to take 37. than 38. announced 39. which 40. the 41. published 42. earliest 43. Previously 44. engagement 45. highlighting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国国家图书馆通过数字化工程推动古籍保护与共享，免费线上资源显著促进学术研究与公众参与。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，中国古籍的现代守护者们决心利用这些古老的藏书，而非任其蒙尘。be determined to do sth.是固定短语，意为“决心做某事”，因此用take的不定式形式。故填to take。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：如今，中国古籍的现代守护者们决心利用这些古老的藏书，而非任其蒙尘。rather than是固定短语，意为“而不是”。故填than。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：周五，中国国家图书馆宣布已完成7085部古籍的数字化，并免费开放线上阅览。空处作句子的谓语，结合“On Friday”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，因此用announce“宣布”的过去式形式。故填announced。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此举是“中华古籍资源库”的一部分，该库自2016年启动以来，数字化古籍已扩展至10.5万部。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Chinese Ancient Book Database作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此次最新扩容也恰逢国家图书馆建馆115周年。序数词115th前需加定冠词the。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：新增的数字化珍本包括1171年版《史记》印刷本、北宋版《后汉书》等罕见版本。空处作修饰print的定语，publish“出版”和print逻辑上是被动关系，因此用publish的过去分词形式。故填published。 【42题详解】 考查最高级。句意：数字化内容还涵盖元代《素问》（《黄帝内经》组成部分）——已知最早的中医典籍。空前有定冠词the，此处应用early的最高级形式earliest，表示“已知最早的中医典籍”。故填earliest。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：过去，研究者需亲赴北京图书馆，但免费数字化访问极大提升了公众对这些历史资源的参与度。空处修饰整个句子，副词previously符合题意，意为“过去”，作时间状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Previously。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：过去，研究者需亲赴北京图书馆，但免费数字化访问极大提升了公众对这些历史资源的参与度。空处作increased的宾语，被public修饰，名词engagement符合题意，意为“参与”，是不可数名词。故填engagement。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：截至今年，相关学术期刊中近39%的论文引用了该数据库，凸显其日益增长的影响力。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用highlight“凸显”的现在分词形式。故填highlighting。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Tom在你校微信公众号英语专栏看到了“我的梦想”的专题活动，发来邮件询问你的梦想。请你用英语回复他，内容包括： 1. 你的梦想是什么； 2. 你选择该梦想的理由； 3. 你如何实现你的梦想。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 【答案】 Dear Tom, I’m thrilled that you’re interested in the “My Dream” topic on our school’s WeChat column! My dream is to become a teacher. The reason why I choose this dream is that I’ve always been inspired by my own teachers, who have not only taught me knowledge but also shown me how to be a kind and responsible person. What I want to do, which is what my teachers did for me, is to guide and inspire future generations. To achieve this dream, I will study hard to gain more knowledge and skills. I believe that what I learn now will lay a solid foundation for my future teaching career. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份给英国朋友Tom回复邮件，介绍自己的梦想、选择该梦想的理由以及实现梦想的方式。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled → excited 选择：choose → select 激励：inspire → motivate 引导：guide → instruct 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m thrilled that you’re interested in the “My Dream” topic on our school’s WeChat column! 拓展句：That you’re interested in the “My Dream” topic on our school’s WeChat column makes me thrilled. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I choose this dream is that I’ve always been inspired by my own teachers, who have not only taught me knowledge but also shown me how to be a kind and responsible person.（运用了why引导的定语从句、that引导的表语从句、who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I believe that what I learn now will lay a solid foundation for my future teaching career.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、what引导的主语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Due to my unhealthy eating habits, I became fatter and fatter after college. My good friend Anoush was a running enthusiast. So he advised me to lose weight by running and he promised to accompany me to run. Seven years later, I got more serious about running. And I dreamed to participate in Boston Marathon. Anoush wanted to attend the same marathon with me. Every day we spared our time to practise hard, during which time Anoush gave me much professional guidance and encouragement. And then one day, both of us qualified for the 2017 Boston Marathon. We were excited but unfortunately, several weeks before the marathon, we had a serious quarrel. I didn’t talk with him anymore. The day came. Anoush and I stood at the starting line. He said, “Good luck! You will certainly finish the marathon.” Hearing his words, I looked at him, saying, “It’s none of your business.” Then we started running. Soon I passed Anoush. But I struggled in the heat starting at mile 16. I felt most of my oxygen went to the muscle in my legs and less in my brain, which made me feel a bit light-headed and dizzy (眩晕的). I continually encouraged myself, “Just get to the finish, run bold, and you will win.” But all phrases that I say to myself didn’t work. Gradually I felt out of breath and had to slow down my pace. As I ran down the famous last stretch of the Boston Marathon on Boylston Street, I fell down on the ground. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Just then, I felt that someone picked me up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Anoush and I crossed the finish line, the audience at present applauded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】  Just then, I felt that someone picked me up. Turing around, I found it was Anoush who helped me up. A wave of embarrassment swept over me and I was even at a loss at that moment. “Just stand up and go on to run. I will keep you company.” Anoush encouraged me with a big smile on his face. Looking into his faithful eyes, I realized that he was not cheating me and that he was really helping me. He just forgot the quarrel between us. I stood up and began to run with him. When Anoush and I crossed the finish line, the audience at present applauded. Without any preparation, I was hugged by Anoush tightly. Suddenly, I felt regretful to break up with him. Then, I mustered up my courage to say sorry to Anoush. “Thank you and I am so sorry to you, my dear friend. I should not have quarreled with you.” “Just forget it. You know, we are good friends.” Anoush said. I felt more than happy and lucky to have such a friend in my life. Though quarrels between friends could not be avoided, as long as we have him/her in our mind, we would be good friends forever. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述作者的朋友阿努什（Anoush）一直都在陪伴他锻炼身体进行减肥，最后两个人还一起报名参加了马拉松。但就在比赛前的几周，两个人却因为争吵而关系破裂了。在比赛开始的时候，阿努什还鼓励作者。作者并没有理睬他。跑到16英里的时候，作者身体感到不适。在最后一段时，作者摔倒在地。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我觉得有人把我拉起来了。”可知，第一段可描写阿努什帮助作者坚持跑到终点线。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我和阿努什冲过终点线时，在场的观众报以掌声。”可知，第二段可描写作者和朋友道歉并和好的事情。 2. 续写线索：帮助——完成——感谢并道歉——原谅——和好——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ① 陪伴某人：keep sb company/ accompany sb ② 鼓励：encourage/ support/motivate/inspire 情绪类 ① 后悔的：regretful/repentant ② 高兴的：happy/glad/delighted 【点睛】【高分句型1】Looking into his faithful eyes, I realized that he was not cheating me and that he was really helping me.（由that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Though quarrels between friends could not be avoided, as long as we have him/her in our mind, we would be good friends forever.（由Though引导的让步状语从句和as long as引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 资阳市2024-2025学年度高中二年级第二学期期末质量监测 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man think of Linda? A. She's strict. B. She's confident. C. She's determined. 2. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. A book. B. A movie. C. A meeting. 3. Why does the man call the woman? A. To ask for information. B. To offer an invitation. C. To check on her health. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a library. B. In a car. C. In a classroom. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What will the woman do tonight? A. Make a cake. B. Buy a present. C. Decorate the house. 7. What will the speakers buy for Joe? A. A hat. B. A watch. C. A camera. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the woman probably? A An editor. B. A photographer. C. A reporter. 9. Why did the woman go to New York three years ago? A For study. B. For work. C. For travel. 10. When will the speakers probably meet again? A. Around 12: 30 pm. B. Around 1: 30 pm. C. Around 3: 30 pm. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Holding a meeting. 12. What was the most exciting part for the woman? A. Training with the band. B. Singing with the audience. C. Designing the stage. 13. What does the woman plan to do later this year? A. Go on tours. B. Write some songs. C. Learn a new instrument. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did the woman find useful advice? A. From a talk. B. From a magazine. C. From a website. 15. What does the woman think is most important for wildlife photographers? A. Paticence. B. Quick reactions. C. Professional skills. 16. What can help support a camera according to Richard? A. A tree trunk. B. A folded jacket. C. A small box. 17. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Calm. C. Excited. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does Gregory create his works? A. To enter competitions. B. To help the homeless. C. To store things. 19. What does Gregory use a washing machine door to make? A. A front door. B. A shelf. C. A window. 20. What does Gregory do to influence other artists? A. He gives speeches. B. He sells his works. C. He publishes books. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Location: Qatar is part of Asia and is in the Middle East. It is in the northern hemisphere. It is a peninsula (半岛) surrounded by the Gulf. It has a land border in the south to Saudi Arabia. Capital City: Doha. Official Language: Arabic. English is also widely spoken. Currency: Qatari Riyal. Government: Qatar is an absolute monarchy, which means there is only one leader who is called an Emir. The Emir has the final say in all matters to do with governing the country. Religion: Most Qataris are Muslim. Flag: The flag of Qatar is maroon and white with a zig-zagged line in between the two colors. Climate: Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Temperatures can reach 50℃! There is hardly any rain. Sandstorms are common. Physical Features: Qatar is about 100 miles long from north to south and 50 miles from east to west. The land of Qatar is mostly barren, low plains which are covered in desert. Wildlife: There is hardly any vegetation in Qatar apart from desert shrubs and grasses. In the north, there are some farming areas which produce crops including dates, tomatoes and melons. Animals like goats and camels are also raised. 1. Which is true about Qatar according to the text? A. It is an island which borders Asia. B. The Emir does not have much power. C. People communicate in Arabic and English. D. There are no animals due to the lack of vegetation. 2. What is the geographical feature of the land of Qatar? A. Wide. B. Sandy. C. Dirty. D. Hilly. 3. Where was the text most likely taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A film review. C. A book of facts. D. A tour instruction. B The 2025 Spring Festival Gala had a special guest. He is Evan Kail, an American shop owner and content creator. In 2022, Kail received a photo album from one of his 200, 000 online followers. It contained photographs of the killings of Chinese civilians by Japanese troops during World War II. Kail realized that these could be evidence of war crimes. He posted a TikTok video featuring images from the album, hoping to find a museum that would like to examine them. The video went popular within hours and received over 25 million views in a week. Many Chinese viewers expressed their thanks to him. However, his decision not to publish or sell the photographs of the killings later caused a wild storm of online hate against him. Some people accused him of making the whole thing up and trying to get famous. He even receives serious life threats. Despite physical danger and emotional suffering, Kail was determined to give the album to China. He eventually donated it to the Consulate General (总领事馆) of China in Chicago. In response, he received a gift. It was a beautiful porcelain tea jar along with a letter thanking him for his contribution. The tea jar was present at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala as well. Two years after making the donation, Kail went on a two-month trip to China, visiting Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Heilongjiang and Wuhan. He hoped that he could be an ambassador (大使) of peace and help the people of both countries get to know each other. It was in Wuhan, the last stop of his journey, where he received his Gala invitation, making him the first American ever invited. 4. Why did Kail post a video with images from the album? A. He wanted to get famous. B. He wanted to publish the album. C. He hoped to examine the album. D. He planned to make some money. 5. What gift did Kail receive after donating the album? A. A porcelain tea jar. B. A free trip to China. C. A Spring Festival invitation. D. A letter of recommendation. 6. What was the goal of Kail’s trip to China? A. To meet friends. B. To promote peace. C. To visit museums. D. To sell his products. 7. Which of the following can best describe Kail? A. Careless and rude. B. Creative and artistic. C. Selfish and attention-seeking. D. Brave and determined. C On the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) of northern China, around 40 million people still live in traditional caves called yaodong, combining perfectly with the region’s unique landscape. These cave houses are built with vaulted (有拱顶的) rooms and thick earthen walls. The entrances are decorated with beautiful wooden windows. Inside, you’ll find large, heated beds known as the kang, which provide warmth during cold winters. Small tunnels connect the rooms, creating a comfortable living space. The design of yaodong is closely tied to the environment of the Loess Plateau. The region has a dry climate with strong winds, making above-ground houses less practical. By contrast, yaodong are built into the earth, offering protection from bad weather. The soil in this area is thick and fine, making it easy to dig while providing strong support for the structure. This natural material also acts as excellent insulation, keeping the homes cool in summer and warm in winter. Additionally, because wood and other building materials are little, yaodong are a low-cost and sustainable choice for the local people. Yaodong come in different forms, each adapted to the local landscape. One type is the cliff-side yaodong (靠崖式窑洞), which is carved directly into the hill-sides. These homes have open fronts that allow natural light and air to flow in. Another type is the sunken yaodong (下沉式窑洞), which is built by digging a large rectangular pit (矩形坑) into the ground. Rooms are then carved into the walls of the pit, creating an underground courtyard. This design provides extra insulation and privacy. Finally, there are stand-alone yaodong, which are built above ground using materials like earth, stone and mud. These houses are common in areas where digging into the earth is not possible. 8. Which paragraph is mainly about the structure of yaodong? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 9 What does the underlined word “insulation” refer to in the text? A. A material to make rooms cooler. B. A material to make rooms warmer. C A material to stop heat getting in and out. D. A material to prevent water coming in. 10. What do we know about the sunken yaodong? A. It has an open front yard. B. It stands on strong stones. C. It is dug directly into the hill-sides. D. It is built under the ground. 11. What can we learn from this text? A. We should be at one with nature. B. We should live in low-cost houses. C. We should make the most of space. D. We should build more yangdong for people. D Last month, a series of wildfires broke out in southern California, killing dozens of people. The clouds of smoke can even be seen from space. People of many fire-prone (容易起火的) areas as well as those far downwind have grown familiar with the thick, orange smoke. Such smoke can contain an unpredictable chemicals linked with heart and lung diseases and even cancer. Here’s what makes wild-fire smoke so dangerous. When organic matter like trees burns, it releases CO2, water, heat and, depending on the available fuel, various chemicals and particles (颗粒) . Those tiny particles, which float in the air, can include metals, dust and more. If they’re smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (直径), they can get through our body’s natural defenses when breathed in and go deep into the lungs, causing many health problems. Such particles, called PM2.5, is a common pollutant. It’s also created by motor vehicles and industrial plants. But the type present in wildfire smoke can be much more harmful to the human body. When a fire breaks out in an urban area, it destroys homes, offices, cars and other facilities. In other words, more stuff is burned. Paints, metals and more can release many kinds of harmful chemicals. A 2023 study found that the quantity of harmful chemicals released during urban wildfires was more than 1,000 times larger than that in fires happening in woodland areas. What’s worse, over time, the smoke is exposed to sunlight. The radiation can cause a set of reactions that usually result in other pollutants. Then, as smoke containing these chemicals travels and settles over other cities, it can mix with even more local pollution. Research also suggests that those chemicals and particles, both possibly harmful, can combine to make their respective health risks even worse. 12. What is the main topic of the text? A. The causes of wildfires. B. Climate change impact. C. Preventing urban wildfires. D. Health risks of wildfire smoke. 13. Why is PM2.5 from wildfire smoke dangerous? A. It enters the lungs. B. It travels far. C. It’s larger in size. D. It’s only from fires. 14. What’s a key difference between urban and woodland wildfires? A. Urban fires affect more trees. B. Urban fires burn less material. C. Urban fires release more pollutants. D. Urban fires produce less smoke. 15. What will probably happen when wildfire smoke is exposed to sunlight? A. It changes color. B. It becomes harmless. C. It quickly disappears. D. It forms other pollutants. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I feel guilty every time I receive a new package on my doorstep. I know that buying more new things isn’t good for the planet — the production and use of household goods and services was found to have driven 60 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. ____16____ Actually, the desire to keep buying things isn’t just a personal imperfection — it’s actually part of how our brains evolved. Long ago, our ancestors survived by learning which choices led to good things, like moving toward food or backing away from dangers. ____17____ They help strengthen rewarding behavior by releasing dopamine (多巴胺), a feel-good chemical, whenever we do something good. Over time, we learn to repeat the actions that give us good feelings. ____18____ When we get an unexpected reward, our brains release even more dopamine. That’s why we feel excited when we find something unexpected while shopping. Over time, though, the original unexpected joy of that first purchase fades. The dopamine hit gets smaller with each repeat action. That’s why we’re constantly drawn to new things. ____19____ So, how do we break the cycle? The solution isn’t to stop buying things completely. Instead, we can replace the old rewards with new rewards. Just like changing chocolate for a healthier snack, we can find ways to satisfy our desire to shop without hurting the planet. ____20____ You still get something that is new to you, and that same good feeling of an unexpected reward, but without the need for a company to take more resources from the earth. A. Our brains love surprises. B. Buying used items is a smart and elegant choice. C. Our brains long for that original unexpected joy. D. Today, our brains still work that way, but they’re more complex. E. However, all humans are different, and our brains work differently. F. Still, every time I make a purchase, I get a small burst of joy that’s hard to resist. G. Creating social rewards can also encourage more people to change their behavior. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Do you ____21____ that old saying? Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a ____22____ arm. The words we speak show how we feel, and unkind words hurt both the person who ____23____ and the person who says them. On the other hand, kind words encourage others and ____24____ the people who say them. If you become a good ____25____, you’ll win more friends. You’ll ____26____ your teachers and parents, and you’ll even have a better ____27____ of getting a job in an interview. It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly and ____28____. If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you. Words are ____29____ that. What you throw out comes back to you. It’s ____30____ that sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness. But over the long run, if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words in ____31____. We communicate in more than just words. Any ____32____ you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you ____33____, and even the thoughts you have can ____34____ a message to someone. Therefore, it’s vital to master the art of communication, which builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness that ____35____ our lives and the lives of others. 21. A. recognize B. forget C. mind D. believe 22. A. controlled B. broken C. repaired D. raised 23. A. hears B. finds C. writes D. learns 24. A. slow down B. throw away C. build up D. figure out 25. A. communicator B. leader C. lecturer D. reporter 26. A. observe B. impress C. protect D. serve 27. A. method B. view C. chance D. standard 28. A. effectively B. regularly C. privately D. freely 29. A. about B. against C. below D. like 30 A. important B. true C. interesting D. simple 31. A. peace B. person C. return D. order 32. A. mistake B. movement C. decision D. arrangement 33. A. wear B. desire C. supply D. define 34. A. compare B. add C. match D. send 35. A. endangers B. exchanges C. enriches D. exposes 第二节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Now the modern preservers of China’s ancient books are determined ___36___ (take) advantage of their aged collections of books rather ___37___ let them gather dust. On Friday, the National Library of China ___38___ (announce) the digitization (数字化) of 7,085 ancient books, making them freely available online. This action is part of the Chinese Ancient Book Database, ___39___ has expanded to include 105,000 digitized since its launch in 2016. This latest expansion also celebrates ___40___ 115th anniversary of the national library. Among the newly digitized texts are rare editions, including a ___41___ (publish) print of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) of 1171 and a Northern Song period edition of the Houhanshu (Book of Later Han). The digitization also comprises a Yuan Dynasty version of the Suwen (Basic Questions), a part of the Huangdineijing (Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon) — the ___42___ (early) known book of traditional Chinese medicine. ___43___ (previous), researchers had to visit library in Beijing, but the free digital access has significantly increased public ___44___ (engage) with the historical resources. As of this year, nearly 39% of academic papers in a related journal have referred to the database, ____45____ (highlight) its growing influence. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Tom在你校微信公众号英语专栏看到了“我的梦想”的专题活动，发来邮件询问你的梦想。请你用英语回复他，内容包括： 1. 你的梦想是什么； 2. 你选择该梦想的理由； 3. 你如何实现你的梦想。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Due to my unhealthy eating habits, I became fatter and fatter after college. My good friend Anoush was a running enthusiast. So he advised me to lose weight by running and he promised to accompany me to run. Seven years later, I got more serious about running. And I dreamed to participate in Boston Marathon. Anoush wanted to attend the same marathon with me. Every day we spared our time to practise hard, during which time Anoush gave me much professional guidance and encouragement. And then one day, both of us qualified for the 2017 Boston Marathon. We were excited but unfortunately, several weeks before the marathon, we had a serious quarrel. I didn’t talk with him anymore. The day came. Anoush and I stood at the starting line. He said, “Good luck! You will certainly finish the marathon.” Hearing his words, I looked at him, saying, “It’s none of your business.” Then we started running. Soon, I passed Anoush. But I struggled in the heat starting at mile 16. I felt most of my oxygen went to the muscle in my legs and less in my brain, which made me feel a bit light-headed and dizzy (眩晕的). I continually encouraged myself, “Just get to the finish, run bold, and you will win.” But all phrases that I say to myself didn’t work. Gradually I felt out of breath and had to slow down my pace. As I ran down the famous last stretch of the Boston Marathon on Boylston Street, I fell down on the ground. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Just then, I felt that someone picked me up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Anoush and I crossed the finish line, the audience at present applauded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$