Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking（分层作业）英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 报道自然灾害 __________________ 2. 新闻报道 __________________ 3. 信息类别 __________________ 4. 提及、指的是、参考__________________ 5. 听细节 __________________ 6. 救援人员和志愿者 __________________ 7. 日日夜夜 __________________ 8. 确保、保证__________________ 9. 准备一份简短的新闻报道__________________ 10. 至少 __________________ 11. 由......所引起 __________________ 12. 根据 __________________ 【答案】 1.report natural disasters 2. news reports 3. type of information 4. refer to 5.listen for details 6. volunteers and rescue workers 7.day and night 8. make sure 9. prepare a short news report 10. at least 11. be caused by 12. according to 二、单词拼写 1．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely d ． 2．The loud noise of heavy traffic outside a our study. 3．Too much drinking will do d to your health; you should take the doctor's advice. 4．Helicopters r nearly 20 people from the roof of the building. 5．I badly need this job. To tell you the truth, it would be a d for me if I lost it. 6．More (避难所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities. 7．Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of the (旱灾)and poor harvests. 8．There the children can swing and (滑行) and go round and round for hours. 9．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after (死亡). 10．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the (洪水). 【答案】 1．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed ． 2．The loud noise of heavy traffic outside affected/ffects our study. 3．Too much drinking will do damage to your health; you should take the doctor's advice. 4．Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the building. 5．I badly need this job. To tell you the truth, it would be a disaster for me if I lost it. 6．More shelters (避难所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities. 7．Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of the drought (旱灾)and poor harvests. 8．There the children can swing and slide (滑行) and go round and round for hours. 9．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death (死亡). 10．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the flood (洪水). 三、单句语法填空。 1．Floods and earthquakes are natural (disaster). 2．The lakes and wells all dried up during the (dry). 3．When a volcano (erupt), it explodes and flames and rocks come out of it. 4．The disease causes thousands of (die) each year. 5．The old man sat in the shade of the big tree, (shelter) from the sunlight. 6．As floodwater rose, their homes were all ， so people into a big house on the top of the hill. (flood) 7．It is the area that is often (affect) by the hurricane. 8．The houses which (damage) in the terrible earthquake were repaired. 9． (rescue) the drowning boy，the soldier jumped into the lake. 10．The children had great fun (slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday. 【答案】 1．Floods and earthquakes are natural disasters (disaster). 2．The lakes and wells all dried up during the drought (dry). 3．When a volcano erupts (erupt), it explodes and flames and rocks come out of it. 4．The disease causes thousands of deaths (die) each year. 5．The old man sat in the shade of the big tree, sheltering (shelter) from the sunlight. 6．As floodwater rose, their homes were all flooded ， so people flooded into a big house on the top of the hill. (flood) 7．It is the area that is often affected (affect) by the hurricane. 8．The houses which had been damaged (damage) in the terrible earthquake were repaired. 9． To rescue (rescue) the drowning boy，the soldier jumped into the lake. 10．The children had great fun sliding (slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday. 【解析】 1.“disaster” 是可数名词，考查名词单复数，前面的主语 “Floods and earthquakes” 是复数，所以这里要用复数形式 “disasters”，表示 “洪水和地震是自然灾害” 。 2. 考查词性转换，“during” 是介词，后面需要接名词，“dry” 是形容词，其名词形式是 “drought”，意为 “干旱”，表示 “在干旱期间，湖泊和水井都干涸了” 。 3. 考查谓语动词，这是一个时间状语从句，主句是一般现在时（“explodes”“come out” ），从句主语 “a volcano” 是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 “erupt” 要用第三人称单数形式 “erupts”，表示 “当火山喷发时，它会爆炸，火焰和岩石会从里面喷出来” 。 4. 考查词性转换和名词单复数，“thousands of”（数以千计的 ）后面接可数名词复数，“die” 是动词，其名词形式 “death” 的复数是 “deaths”，表示 “这种疾病每年导致数千人死亡” 。 5. 考查非谓语动词， “sheltering” 是现在分词作伴随状语，“the old man” 和 “shelter”（躲避 ）之间是主动关系，即老人主动躲避阳光，所以用现在分词形式，描述 “老人坐在大树的树荫下，躲避阳光” 的伴随状态 。 6. 考查谓语动词的被动语态和过去分词作后置定语，第一个 “flooded”：“their homes” 和 “flood”（淹没 ）之间是被动关系，即房子被洪水淹没，所以用被动语态 “were flooded” 。第二个 “flooded”：“people” 和 “flood”（涌入 ）之间是主动关系，这里是一般过去时，所以用动词过去式 “flooded”，表示 “随着洪水上涨，他们的家都被淹没了，所以人们涌入山顶的一所大房子里” 。 7. 考查谓语动词的被动语态，“the area” 和 “affect”（影响 ）之间是被动关系，即地区被飓风影响，所以用被动语态 “is affected”，是一个强调句，强调 “这是经常受到飓风影响的地区” 。 8. 考察谓语动词，damage为which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，与主语“houses” 之间是被动关系，定语从句中的动作发生在主句谓语动词’were repaired’之前故用过去完成时的被动语态，这里表示 “在可怕的地震中被损坏的房子被修复了” 。 9. 考查非谓语动词，“To rescue” 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示 “为了营救溺水的男孩，士兵跳进了湖里”，即表明士兵跳湖的目的 。 10. 考查非谓语动词，“have fun (in) doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “做某事很开心”，所以这里用 “sliding”，表示 “上周日孩子们从草坡上滑下来，玩得很开心” 。 四、用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式完成句子 refer to;in ruins;cut across;in shock;suffer from;go through 1.He must have 　　　　　　 many hardships before he finally succeeded.  2.In order to gain some time,the travelers made up their minds to 　　　　　　 this field.   3.His friend has 　　　　　　 ill health for some years.  4.He was still 　　　　　　 and difficult to recover from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.   5.The new law does not 　　　　　　 the land used for farming.  6.After the heavy flood two months ago,the whole village was left 　　　　　　.  【答案】 1. gone through 解析：句子 “He must have ______ many hardships before he finally succeeded.” 表达 “在他最终成功前，一定______很多艰难困苦” 。“go through” 有 “经历（艰难处境等）” 的意思，符合语境。这里 “must have + 过去分词” 是对过去情况的推测，所以用 “go” 的过去分词 “gone”，即 “gone through” 。 2. cut across 解析：对于 “In order to gain some time, the travelers made up their minds to ______ this field.” ，“cut across” 意思是 “抄近路穿过；横穿” 。旅行者为省时，决定横穿田地，该短语契合语义，“to” 后接动词原形，所以填 “cut across” 。 3. suffered from 解析：“His friend has ______ ill health for some years.” ，“suffer from” 表示 “遭受；患（病等）” ，朋友多年来身体不好，存在这样的患病、受健康问题困扰的情况。 句子是现在完成时，结构 “have/has + 过去分词”，“suffer” 的过去分词是 “suffered”，故填 “suffered from” 。 4. in shock 解析：“He was still ______ and difficult to recover from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.” ，“in shock” 是 “处于震惊状态” 。下午早些时候发生的事让他还处于震惊中，难以恢复，符合语境，所以填 “in shock” 。 5. refer to 解析：“The new law does not ______ the land used for farming.” ，“refer to” 有 “涉及；提及” 的含义 。新法律不涉及用于耕种的土地，用在此处语义合适，“does not” 后接动词原形，填 “refer to” 。 6. in ruins 解析：“After the heavy flood two months ago, the whole village was left ______.” ，“in ruins” 表示 “成为废墟；破败不堪” 。两个月前大洪水后，整个村庄沦为废墟，符合灾后村庄的状态描述，所以填 “in ruins” 。 五、根据句意和要求完成句子 1. The car was buried by the landslide, and the rescue team ．这辆车因山崩被埋在地下，救援队前来救援。 2. As we all know, smoking can . (damage n．) ＝It is well known that smoking can ．(damage vt.)众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。 3. (affect)by a high fever, but he continued with his work.他发着高烧，但仍坚持工作。 4. As far as I'm concerned, staying up late every day is certain to your health.在我看来，每天熬夜到很晚一定会严重影响你的健康。 5. 一句多译 听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect) ①The audience ，and they warmly applauded for a long time. ② ， the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词作状语) ③The audience, ， warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句) 6. It's so hot, and we'd better find a big tree to the sun.太热了，我们最好找棵大树来遮阳。 【答案】 1.came to its rescue 解析：“come to one's rescue” 是固定短语，意为 “前来营救某人 / 某物；援救” ，这里 “its” 指代 “the car”，描述救援队伍对被埋车辆的救援行动，句子是一般过去时，所以用 “came to its rescue” 。 2.do/cause damage to our health；damage our health 解析：第一空，“do/cause damage to...” 是固定搭配，“damage” 作名词，意为 “损害；伤害” ，“do/cause damage to our health” 表示 “对我们的健康造成损害” ；第二空，“damage” 作动词，意为 “损害；毁坏” ，“damage our health” 直接表达 “损害我们的健康” ，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形，符合语法和语义要求。 3.Affected 解析：这里 “affected by a high fever” 是过去分词短语作状语，“affect” 与句子主语 “he” 是被动关系（他被高烧影响，即他发着高烧） ，所以用过去分词 “affected” ，在句首作原因状语，说明他坚持工作的背景情况。 4.have a serious effect on 解析：“have an effect on...” 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 有影响” ，“serious” 修饰 “effect”，表示 “严重的影响” ，“be certain to” 后接动词原形，所以用 “have a serious effect on” ，表达熬夜对健康的影响。 5.were deeply affected；Deeply affected；who were deeply affected 解析： ① 句子主语 “the audience（听众）” 是复数，与 “affect（打动；影响）” 是被动关系（听众被打动） ，且句子描述过去的情况，所以用一般过去时的被动语态 “were deeply affected” 。 ② “Deeply affected” 是过去分词短语作状语，“affect” 与 “the audience” 是被动关系，表明听众处于被深深打动的状态，在句首作原因状语，简洁说明鼓掌的原因。 ③ 这是一个非限制性定语从句，“who” 指代 “the audience” ，在从句中作主语，“were deeply affected” 是从句的谓语部分，用被动语态，对 “the audience” 进行补充说明，说明是被深深打动的听众鼓掌。 6.take/seek/find shelter from 解析：“take/seek/find shelter from...” 是固定表达，意为 “躲避……；找地方躲避……” ，这里表示找大树来躲避太阳（遮阳） ，“to” 后接动词原形，构成不定式作目的状语，说明找大树的目的。 六、阅读理解 TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu’s nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country’s drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetables. Without urgent help, the country’s days are numbered. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20～50cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark’s Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu’s rising sea level is caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degree over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by an extra 1～3 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space,causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10～25cm in the last 100 years. The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal,oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century. Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live. 1．We can infer from the first paragraph that___________. A．Tuvalu is in danger of moving slowly downwards into the sea B．all Tuvalu’s islands are about five meters above the sea level C．drinking water in Tuvalu will be destroyed D．Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves 2．Put the following events in the right order. a.Glaciers begin to melt. b.People burn coal, oil and gas. c.The greenhouse effect is growing. d.The earth is getting warmer and warmer. e.The sea level is rising. f.More CO2 is produced. g.Many places are sinking into the sea. A．d,f,b,c,a,e,g B．b,f,c,d,e,a,g C．f,c,b,d,a,e,g D．b,f,c,d,a,e,g 3．What does “climate refugees” mean? A．People who are forced away from their homeland by climate. B．Climate changes. C．Rare animals. D．Climate effect. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Tuvalu’s nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level. B．The average global temperature has risen by 1-3 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years. C．the warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise. D．There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章由一个因为海平面上升而处于危险的国家引出全球变暖的话题，分析了全球变暖的原因，旨在引起人们关注气候变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的TUVALU,a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean,has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.(图瓦卢，太平洋上的一个小国家，一直在请求帮助，因为它可能会被海水吞没)可知，图瓦卢处于被海水淹没的危险中。A. Tuvalu is in danger of moving slowly downwards into the sea(图瓦卢正处于慢慢陷入大海的危险中)符合以上说法，故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.可知，人类烧煤、石油和天然气，增加了空气中的二氧化碳，这会形成温室效应，使地球温度升高；再由倒数第四段 The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10-25 cm in the last 100 years.可知，天气变暖导致冰川融化，导致海平面上升，最终导致很多地方逐渐沉入海里，所以正确的排序是b,f,c,d,a,e,g。 D. b,f,c,d,a,e,g符合以上顺序，故选D项。 3．词义猜测题。根据最后一段的the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded可知，海洋会淹没几百万的家庭，世界会洪水泛滥，再结合climate refugees后的looking for somewhere to live(寻找住的地方)可推知划线部分的意思是“由于天气因素被迫离开家乡的人”。A. People who are forced away from their homeland by climate.(因为天气因素被迫离开家乡的人)符合以上猜测，故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段的The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century可知，在过去的100年里，全球平均温度上升了0.5摄氏度。B. The average global temperature has risen by 1―3 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years.(在过去的100年里全球平均气温上升了1—3摄氏度)不符合以上说法，故选B项。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 报道自然灾害 __________________ 2. 新闻报道 __________________ 3. 信息类别 __________________ 4. 提及、指的是、参考__________________ 5. 听细节 __________________ 6. 救援人员和志愿者 __________________ 7. 日日夜夜 __________________ 8. 确保、保证__________________ 9. 准备一份简短的新闻报道__________________ 10. 至少 __________________ 11. 由......所引起 __________________ 12. 根据 __________________ 二、单词拼写 1．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely d ． 2．The loud noise of heavy traffic outside a our study. 3．Too much drinking will do d to your health; you should take the doctor's advice. 4．Helicopters r nearly 20 people from the roof of the building. 5．I badly need this job. To tell you the truth, it would be a d for me if I lost it. 6．More (避难所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities. 7．Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of the (旱灾)and poor harvests. 8．There the children can swing and (滑行) and go round and round for hours. 9．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after (死亡). 10．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the (洪水). 三、单句语法填空。 1．Floods and earthquakes are natural (disaster). 2．The lakes and wells all dried up during the (dry). 3．When a volcano (erupt), it explodes and flames and rocks come out of it. 4．The disease causes thousands of (die) each year. 5．The old man sat in the shade of the big tree, (shelter) from the sunlight. 6．As floodwater rose, their homes were all ， so people into a big house on the top of the hill. (flood) 7．It is the area that is often (affect) by the hurricane. 8．The houses which (damage) in the terrible earthquake were repaired. 9． (rescue) the drowning boy，the soldier jumped into the lake. 10．The children had great fun (slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday. 四、用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式完成句子 refer to;in ruins;cut across;in shock;suffer from;go through 1.He must have 　　　　　　 many hardships before he finally succeeded.  2.In order to gain some time,the travelers made up their minds to 　　　　　　 this field.   3.His friend has 　　　　　　 ill health for some years.  4.He was still 　　　　　　 and difficult to recover from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.   5.The new law does not 　　　　　　 the land used for farming.  6.After the heavy flood two months ago,the whole village was left 　　　　　　.  五、根据句意和要求完成句子 1. The car was buried by the landslide, and the rescue team ．这辆车因山崩被埋在地下，救援队前来救援。 2. As we all know, smoking can . (damage n．) ＝It is well known that smoking can ．(damage vt.)众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。 3. (affect)by a high fever, but he continued with his work.他发着高烧，但仍坚持工作。 4. As far as I'm concerned, staying up late every day is certain to your health.在我看来，每天熬夜到很晚一定会严重影响你的健康。 5. 一句多译 听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect) ①The audience ，and they warmly applauded for a long time. ② ， the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词作状语) ③The audience, ， warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句) 6. It's so hot, and we'd better find a big tree to the sun.太热了，我们最好找棵大树来遮阳。 六、阅读理解 TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu’s nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country’s drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetables. Without urgent help, the country’s days are numbered. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20～50cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark’s Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu’s rising sea level is caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degree over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by an extra 1～3 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space,causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10～25cm in the last 100 years. The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal,oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century. Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live. 1．We can infer from the first paragraph that___________. A．Tuvalu is in danger of moving slowly downwards into the sea B．all Tuvalu’s islands are about five meters above the sea level C．drinking water in Tuvalu will be destroyed D．Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves 2．Put the following events in the right order. a.Glaciers begin to melt. b.People burn coal, oil and gas. c.The greenhouse effect is growing. d.The earth is getting warmer and warmer. e.The sea level is rising. f.More CO2 is produced. g.Many places are sinking into the sea. A．d,f,b,c,a,e,g B．b,f,c,d,e,a,g C．f,c,b,d,a,e,g D．b,f,c,d,a,e,g 3．What does “climate refugees” mean? A．People who are forced away from their homeland by climate. B．Climate changes. C．Rare animals. D．Climate effect. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Tuvalu’s nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level. B．The average global temperature has risen by 1-3 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years. C．the warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise. D．There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$