单元素养检测卷(一) Unit 1 People of Achievement-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

　　　　　　　单元素养检测卷(一)[Unit 1](见学生用书P203) 　　　　　[时间：120分钟　满分：150分] 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (　C　)1．What will the girl do on Monday? A．Go to a movie. B．Get ready for a trip. C．Have a job interview. (　A　)2．How did the speakers go to the capital? A．By train. B．By bus. C．By car. (　B　)3．Why does the girl want a new camera? A．Her camera is old. B．Her camera is broken. C．Her camera is out of date. (　A　)4．Who does the man want to talk to? A．Fiona Wright. B．Jill Smith. C．Sara Jones. (　B　)5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Mother and son. C．Classmates. 听力材料 Text 1 M：Hey, Sue. Any plans for the weekend? Want to see a movie with me? W：I would love to, but I have a job interview on Monday(1), and I'm going to spend the weekend preparing for it. Text 2 M: I'm glad we took a train to the capital．(2)I don't like sitting on the bus. W: Yes, I agree. It was nice to enjoy the view through the windows. It's even better than driving our own car. Text 3 W: Dad, can you buy me a new camera? My old one doesn't work．(3) M：What? I gave it to you only three months ago． Text 4 M：Mum, is that you? W：I think you've called the wrong number. M：I just looked up the number. Fiona Wright, 665­2221．(4) W: My name is Jill Smith, and my roommate is Sara Jones. I'm not your mum. Text 5(本题为推断题) W: Those computer games are bad for your studies. I wish we'd never bought them for you. M: Come on. I need a break from all those books, or I'll go crazy. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或短文。每段对话或短文后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或短文前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或短文读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (　C　)6．What does the man think of the dog? A．He looks very old. 　　　　　B．He should run more. C．He is quite energetic. (　B　)7．How old is the dog? A．About two years old. 　　　　B．About eight years old. C．About ten years old. 听力材料 Text 6 M：What a beautiful dog! He sure is full of energy．(6) W: I know. Harley runs around like he did when he was younger．..It's hard to believe that he is such an old dog! M：How old is he? W: Let me see. I got him when my daughter was two. He was only one month old then．(7) M: And your daughter is ten now．(7) Is he really that old? He acts like a puppy. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 (　A　)8．How many rooms will the woman book? A．Three. B．Six. C．Eight. (　B　)9．What day is it today? B．Wednesday. B．Thursday. C．Friday. (　C　)10．Who will pick up the visitors? A．Evan. B．Jessica. C．Henry. 听力材料 Text 7 M：Jessica, have you booked the rooms yet? W：No. How many people are coming? M：Mr Jones said eight．..no, sorry，six—two women and four men. W：So, I'll book three double rooms(8). Do you know when they're coming? M：They were supposed to get here at 3：00 p．m. today, but the flight was cancelled because of the bad weather. W：I guess they'll get here in the morning, then. I'll make a note. Arrival time：Friday．(9) Can you pick them up at the airport tomorrow, Evan？(10) M：I have a meeting with a customer in the morning. W：OK. I'll have Henry do it．(10) 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 (　B　)11．What was on the woman's egg? A．A pink bird. B．A blue flower. C．A yellow flower. (　C　)12．Why did the woman boil the eggs? A．She needed something for breakfast. B．She kept them fresh in this way. C．She wanted to make Easter eggs. (　A　)13．What do the children do with the eggs they find? A．They put them in a basket. B．They eat all of them. C．They decorate them. 听力材料 Text 8 M：What did you do today, Sally? W：I made Easter eggs．(12) They were pink, and there was a blue flower on each of them(11). M：That sounds nice. How did you make them？(12) W：I just boiled the eggs(12) and then put some food colouring on them. I even painted yellow birds on them. M：What do you do with Easter eggs, anyway? W：Our parents hide them, and then we go searching for them. We put them in a basket．(13) M：And then you eat all those eggs? W：No. Our parents hide plastic eggs full of candy. Nobody wants to eat that many eggs. We just paint a few eggs for fun. We eat them for breakfast. M：Other countries' customs are so strange! 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 (　C　)14．What does the man often talk about? A．Parties. B．The news on the paper. C．The trouble with the owner of his apartment. (　A　)15．Who left the front door open for the whole night? A．The man. B．The woman. C．The man's roommate. (　A　)16．What kind of house does the man want to move into? A．A house near town. B．A quiet house far from town. C．A big house in the countryside. (　C　)17．What does the woman think of the manager of her building? A．Careful.　　B．Mean.　　C．Friendly. 听力材料 Text 9 W：You looked unhappy this morning, Tony. What's the matter? M：Oh, it's the woman who owns my apartment．(14) W：Again? You've talked about the trouble between you two many times．(14) What is it this time? M：I got back late from a party last night. She said I left the front door open for the whole night. W：Did you really leave the front door open？(15) M：Yeah．.. but I didn't do it on purpose.(15) Anyway, she always complains. First, it's about the noise that was actually made by my roommate, and now it's about this. W：Then why don't you look around for another place? M：I have already started. I looked through the paper this morning. But most of the places are too far from town.(16) W：You know, maybe I can ask the manager of my building whether there are any spare rooms in the building where I live. The rooms are small, but the manager is very kind.(17) M：Good. Thank you for your kindness. I hope I'll hear good news from you soon. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 (　C　)18．What does the study tell us about young people in America? A．They used to be lazier. B．They have a habit of keeping a diary. C．They don't have much time of their own today. (　A　)19．How much kids' weekday time was scheduled for either school or activities in 1981? A．40%.　　　B．60%.　　　C．75%. (　B　)20．Where does Catherine have her dinner on Mondays? A．At the restaurant. B．In the car. C．In the classroom. 听力材料 Text 10 A recent study shows that life has changed for American kids. 3，568 kids aged 12 and under were asked to keep a diary. Experts compared the results with how kids lived in 1981. They find that today, 75% of kids' weekday time is scheduled for either school or activities. In 1981, that figure was only 40%.(19) Young people are spending more time in school, doing chores, and participating in activities like sports and music lessons. Young people today have less time for free play.(18) Paul, a father from Massachusetts, said that when he came home from school as a child, he was able to wander around the town and play with other kids. In contrast, Catherine, 13 years old, has to eat dinner in the car on the way to her dance classes on Mondays(20), which do not end until 9：15 p.m. “Sometimes I get very tired. I come home and I don't want to do anything. I have homework to do. I'll be almost falling asleep while doing it，” said Catherine. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The advancement of human civilisation is possible just because of enormous contributions made by scientists. They are one of the most influential people of today's world. With practical advantages in engineering, medicine and technology, they have helped us to have better understanding of the world and different working phenomena that govern us. Their names are remembered in the sands of time for their work in the welfare of mankind with different inventions that have made our modern lives easy. Here is a list of the four great scientists we've ever seen who changed the world. Louis Pasteur (1822—1895) Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing vaccines(疫苗)against rabies(狂犬病)，anthrax and other infectious diseases. He also invented the process of pasteurisation(巴氏杀菌法) to make milk safer to drink. He probably saved more lives than any other person. Otto Hahn (1879—1968) Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission(裂变) in 1938.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radiochemistry, and discovered radioactive elements.He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944. Nikola Tesla (1856—1943) Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current. He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission, but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection. He played a key role in the development of modern electricity. James Clerk Maxwell (1831—1879) Maxwell made great progress in understanding electro­magnetism. His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum(量子)physics. Einstein once said, “The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.” (　D　)21．Who was thought highly of by Einstein? A. Louis Pasteur. 　　　 B. Otto Hahn. C. Nikola Tesla. 　　　 D. James Clerk Maxwell. (　C　)22．What can we infer about the four people? A. They are medical pioneers. B. They are Nobel Prize winners. C. They are great contributors to society. D. They are founders of modern physics. (　A　)23．What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society? A. The development of medicine. B. Radiochemistry. C. Modern electricity. D. Quantum physics. 【语篇解读】文章介绍了四位改变世界的伟大科学家。 21. D　细节理解题。根据James Clerk Maxwell (1831—1879)中“Einstein once said, ‘The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.’ (爱因斯坦曾这样评价麦克斯韦：‘詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦的工作永远地改变了世界。’)”可知，Einstein对James Clerk Maxwell的评价非常高。故选D。 22. C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here is a list of the four great scientists we've ever seen who changed the world.(以下是我们所见证的四位改变世界的伟大科学家。)”可推知，文章介绍的四个人是改变了世界并对人类社会作出巨大贡献的人。故选C。 23. A　细节理解题。根据Louis Pasteur (1822—1895)中“Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing vaccines(疫苗)against rabies(狂犬病), anthrax and other infectious diseases.(巴斯德对医学科学的进步作出了巨大贡献，研制了狂犬病，炭疽和其他传染病的疫苗。)”可知，Louis Pasteur对医学的发展作出了巨大贡献。故选A。 B My PhD adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam on my third attempt, which meant the dismissal(开除)from the programme. How was it possible that one exam—one hour of my life—could define me as unfit to be a scientist? I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my PhD programme. I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library. I ended that year with increased confidence. But soon my confidence went away when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam. I had switched research project 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasn't so confident of going into the exam. Besides, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying. Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed, which meant I had to spend more time studying and preparing to talk about the topic further. I was shaken but still hopeful. But when I retook the exam, I failed again. That was when I was told I'd have one more chance. For the next 5 months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practised answering oral questions. I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations. I was all in. When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief. But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed. I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish. This held back my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science”． My adviser requested to reinstate(使重返岗位)me to the PhD programme, and I'm now back to working on my doctorate. I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I'm not good enough. But I try to quiet it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be. I am much more than that one­hour exam. (　A　)24．How did the author feel by the end of the first year? A．Confident. B．Terrified. C．Worn out. D．At a loss. (　D　)25．Why did the author switch her research project? A．She found it too hard for her. B．Her adviser dismissed her from it. C．She failed the qualifying exam. D．Her adviser no longer worked there. (　C　)26．What affected the author's performance in the third exam? A．Not enough preparations. B．Decreased confidence. C．A lack of language competence. D．Too much time on lab work. (　D　)27．Which word best describes the author? A．Intelligent. B．Sensitive. C．Energetic. D．Determined. 【语篇解读】作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想的故事。 24．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library. I ended that year with increased confidence.(第一年，我努力学习，花了无数个小时在图书馆学习。 那一年结束时，我的信心大增。)”可知，在第一年年底，作者感觉到特别有信心。故选A。 25．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I had switched research project 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university(5个月前，在我的第一位导师离开大学之后，我已经改变了研究项目)”可知，作者的导师已不再在大学里工作了，所以作者改变了她的研究项目。故选D。 26．C　细节理解题。根据第四段“For the next 5 months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practised answering oral questions. I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations. I was all in.(在接下来的5个月里，我向委员会的教授们寻求指导，并练习回答口头问题。我甚至停止了实验室工作，专注于考试准备。我全身心投入。)”可知，作者准备充足，甚至停止做实验室工作，所以A项“准备不足”和D项“实验室工作时间太长了”不是影响作者在第三次考试中表现的因素。根据第五段中的“I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish. This held back my ability to comfortably speak the expected ‘language of science’．(我在家里说西班牙语，但即使是最简单的科学概念，我也很难翻译成西班牙语。这妨碍了我轻松地说预期的‘科学语言’。)”可知，作者的语言能力影响了她在第三次考试中的表现。B项“自信心减少”文中并没有提到。故选C。 27．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But I try to quiet it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.(但我试图平息这些声音，通过与支持我的教授在一起以及专注于发展成为我知道自己能成为的伟大科学家。)”可知，作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。由此可以推断出，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 C David Unaipon was an inventor and writer. He was the first Aboriginal(土著的) Australian to write published books. He also worked hard to make life better for Aboriginal people. David Unaipon was born in South Australia, in 1872. As a young man, he loved to read and was interested in science and music. He thought a lot about new ways to fix engineering problems. Between the years 1909 and 1944, Unaipon made nine important inventions. He also made drawings for a helicopter design. He got the idea from the Australian boomerang (回力镖) and the way it moved through the air. This happened in 1914, before we had helicopters. Unaipon lived most of his life in Adelaide and worked for the Aborigines' Friends' Association. He worked and travelled around southeastern Australia for fifty years. Sometimes, while travelling from town to town, he was told he couldn't stay in a hotel because he was black, so he understood the problems of racism(种族主义). Unaipon became the first Aboriginal writer to be published. His first published writing was an article in Sydney's Daily Telegraph. The article had the title: “Aboriginals: Their Traditions and Customs”. He wrote many other articles for newspapers and magazines, getting publicity about the rights of Aboriginal people. He also wrote about the need for white and black people to work together and the need for equal rights for both black and white Australians. He was well educated in both cultures, and he helped with a government survey of Aboriginal health and happiness. David Unaipon died in 1967 at the age of 95, and in the same year Aboriginal people were first counted as part of Australia's population. In 1995, David Unaipon's picture was put on the Australian fifty­dollar note, with a drawing of one of his inventions. (　C　)28．What can we learn about David Unaipon's helicopter design? A. It was the model for modern helicopters. B. It was a copy of another helicopter. C. It was based on a local tool. D. It was done in his 30s. (　B　)29．What do we know about David Unaipon as a writer? A. He was the first Aboriginal writer. B. He was concerned about racial inequality. C. He finished most of his writings while travelling. D. He had his writings published mainly in newspapers. (　C　)30．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. David Unaipon died an unexpected death. B. David Unaipon was proud of his inventions. C. David Unaipon's contributions were recognised. D. David Unaipon's drawing abilities were appreciated. (　D　)31．Which of the following can describe David Unaipon when he was young? A. He was calm. B. He was brave. C. He was patient. D. He was creative. 【语篇解读】本文介绍了David Unaipon这位发明家兼作家的生平。他是第一个著书出版的澳大利亚土著人。 28. C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He also made drawings for a helicopter design. He got the idea from the Australian boomerang (回力镖) and the way it moved through the air. (他也为直升机设计绘制了图纸，他从澳大利亚的回力镖和它在空中移动的方式中得到启发。)”可知，他的直升机设计是从澳大利亚的回力镖中得到灵感的，它是当地的工具。故选C。 29. B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He wrote many other articles for newspapers and magazines, getting publicity about the rights of Aboriginal people. He also wrote about the need for white and black people to work together and the need for equal rights for both black and white Australians.(他为报纸和杂志撰写了许多其他文章，宣传土著人的权利。他还写了关于白人和黑人需要共同努力，以及澳大利亚黑人和白人需要平等权利的文章。)”可推断出，David Unaipon作为一位作家，一直在关注种族不平等，呼吁种族平等。故选B。 30. C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In 1995, David Unaipon's picture was put on the Australian fifty­dollar note, with a drawing of one of his inventions.(1995年，David Unaipon的画像被印在澳大利亚五十元的钞票上，上面有他的一个发明的图画。)”可知，David Unaipon的画像被印在了澳大利亚的钞票上，从而推断出，他所作的贡献得到了认可。故选C。 31. D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a young man, he loved to read and was interested in science and music. He thought a lot about new ways to fix engineering problems.(年轻时，他喜欢阅读，对科学和音乐很感兴趣。他想了很多解决工程问题的新方法。) ”可推断出，David Unaipon年轻时是一个有创造力的人。故选D。 D Researchers have developed a new method for training people to be creative. This new method, based on narrative(叙述的) theory, helps people be creative in the way children and artists are by making up stories that imagine alternative worlds, change perspectives(角度) and produce unexpected actions. “The narrative method works by recognising that we're all creative，” said Angus Fletcher, who developed the method and is a professor of English and a member of the Ohio State University's Project Narrative. “We as a society completely undervalue the creativity of kids and many others because we are addicted to the idea that some people are more creative than others.” The narrative method of training for creativity uses many of the techniques that writers use to create stories. One is to develop new worlds in your mind. For example, employees at a company might be asked to think about their most unusual customer, and then imagine a world in which all their customers are like that. Another technique is perspective­changing. An employer might be asked to answer a problem by thinking like another member of their team. “Creativity isn't about guessing the future correctly. It's about making yourself open to imagining completely different possibilities，” Fletcher said. “When you do that, you can respond more quickly and flexibly to the changes that do occur.” Fletcher and his team are also continuing to work with new organisations, such as the Worthington Local School District in Ohio. “It's better to hire a diverse group of people and then train them to be creative. That creates a culture which recognises that there are already creative people in your organisation you aren't taking advantage of，” he said. “This new method of training creativity could only have come from Ohio State University's Project Narrative, which is itself proof of the power of creativity.” (　D　)32．What may make the narrative method workable according to Fletcher? A．Creating alternative stories. B．Changing new perspectives. C．Generating unexpected tasks. D．Being aware of our creativity. (　A　)33．How does the author develop Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By answering questions. D．By quoting techniques. (　B　)34．What result is expected of training creativity? A．To develop a culture gradually. B．To react to changes quickly. C．To create possibilities freely. D．To predict the future correctly. (　C　)35．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Ways Can Be Adopted to Inspire Creativity B．The Power of Creativity Has Been Found C．Anyone Can Be Trained to Be Creative D．A Way Is Found to Recognise Creative People 【语篇解读】文章通过介绍研究人员开发出的一种新的培养人们创造力的方法——基于叙事理论的方法，来告诉我们：人的创造力是可以通过训练来培养的。 32．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中Fletcher说的话“The narrative method works by recognising that we're all creative”可知， Fletcher认为这种叙述方法通过认识到我们都是有创造力的来产生效果。故选D。 33．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的关键信息“For example”和“Another technique”可知，在本段中，作者是通过举例子来发展行文的。故选A。 34．B　细节理解题。根据第四段中Fletcher说的话“When you do that, you can respond more quickly and flexibly to the changes that do occur.”可知，让自己敞开心扉去想象完全不同的可能性，可以对实际发生的改变作出更快速和灵活的反应。故选B。 35．C　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者开篇就点出了一种新的培养人的创造力的方法，并通过下文对于这种方法的介绍来告诉我们：创造力是可以培养的。由此可知，C项“任何人都可以被训练成有创造力的人”最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “You do not need to be a rocket scientist.” Americans hear these words often. People say them in schools, offices and factories. Broadcasters on radio and television often use them. How did the expression begin? No one seems to know it.36.__G__It grew, he says, because rocket scientists probably are the most intelligent people around. Not everyone would agree.37.__F__For example, a person who speaks fifteen languages, or a medical doctor who operates on the brain. Still, many people would agree that there is something special about scientists who build rockets. Maybe it has something to do with the mystery of space travel. Moving pictures from before World War Ⅱ showed a man named Buck Rogers landing on the planet Mars. 38. __D__ The rocket scientist is a different kind of hero. He or she makes space travel possible. 39．__E__ A Washington rocket scientist told about a launch that was put off many times. Finally, everything seemed right. Mechanical failures had been repaired. The weather was good. The scientists had planned that part of the rocket would fall into the ocean after the launch. All the ships and boats within many kilometres of the danger areas had been warned. But in the last few seconds a small boat entered the area.40. __A__ When the work goes well, most rocket scientists enjoy their jobs. One scientist said, “As a child I loved to build the rockets. Now I am a grown­up. I still love to build rockets. And now I get paid for it.” A. Once again，the launch was put off. B. Have you ever heard of the space travel? C. It's dangerous for rocket scientists to build rockets. D. He was a hero who could defeat any enemy from outer space. E. Rocket scientists, however, can have problems just like anyone else. F. Some people might be considered more intelligent than rocket scientists. G. But an American official says the expression just grew. 【语篇解读】很多人认为火箭科学家要比其他人都聪明，但火箭科学家在工作中也会遇到种种难题。 36. G　根据下文“It grew, he says，because rocket scientists probably are the most intelligent people around.(它是自然而然形成的，因为火箭科学家可能是周围最聪明的人。)”可知，G项“But an American official says the expression just grew.( 但一名美国官员表示，这种说法是自然而然地形成的。)”符合语境，G项中的the expression just grew和下文中的It grew相呼应。故选G。 37. F　根据上文“Not everyone would agree.(并非所有人都同意。)”可知，F项“Some people might be considered more intelligent than rocket scientists.(有些人可能被认为比火箭科学家更聪明。)”符合语境，承接上文，指出并非所有人都同意火箭科学家比其他人都聪明的这种说法的原因。故选F。 38. D　根据上文“Moving pictures from before World War Ⅱ showed a man named Buck Rogers landing on the planet Mars.(第二次世界大战前的电影展示了一个名为Buck Rogers的男子登陆火星。)”可知，D项“He was a hero who could defeat any enemy from outer space.(他是一位能够击败任何来自外太空的敌人的英雄。)”符合语境，承接上文，He指代上文提到的Buck Rogers。故选D。 39. E　根据下文“A Washington rocket scientist told about a launch that was put off many times.(一位华盛顿火箭科学家讲述了一次被多次推迟的发射。)”可知，火箭科学家在工作过程中也会遇到种种问题。E项“Rocket scientists, however, can have problems just like anyone else.(然而，火箭科学家也会像其他人一样遇到问题。)”符合语境，起到引出下文的作用。故选E。 40. A　根据上文可知，火箭发射前的一切准备工作都做好了，但最后几秒钟一艘小船进入危险区域，空处应该与小船进入危险区域的后果有关，A项“Once again，the launch was put off.(发射再一次被推迟。)”与上文承接自然，虽然发射工作都做好了，但最后几秒钟出现的意外情况让发射再次推迟。故选A。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There were few areas of science that Robert Hooke didn't risk trying. This scientist in the 17th century was __41__ for contributing to our knowledge of everything from mathematics and mechanics to biology and astronomy. Robert Hooke began his series of interests as a keen artist. He lived with his parents until he was 13.Being a sickly child, he was a latecomer to __42__. Instead of attending school, he spent much of his childhood drawing. But his lack of an early education didn't __43__ him realising his genius. It was his later entrance to Westminster School that would __44__ him down a scientific path. Here he discovered that his talents lay beyond __45__， particularly in mathematics, mechanics and languages. Hooke's broad scientific interests helped set the society's trajectory(发展轨迹) during its early years. Many people are __46__ of Hooke's work in microscopy(显微镜学), but in 1653, at the age of 18, Hooke __47__ Christ Church College at Oxford, where he spent much time building telescopes. Shortly after, in 1660, he discovered a physical law that would later be __48__ after him: Hooke's Law. Hooke is best known for discovering and __49__ the living cell. He became the first to examine different fossil types with a microscope and he __50__ how mosquitoes sucked blood. After the Great Fire of London in 1666, Hooke was given the opportunity to try his __51__ at architecture to design a monument and decided to add some practicality to the aesthetics(美学). __52__ this 60­metre­tall structure, Hooke built an underground laboratory where he could conduct science experiments, while the central passage was built to __53__ a large telescope. Since his death in 1703, scientists have continued to be inspired by and benefit from Hooke's findings. As he quotes in his book Micrographia, “By the means of __54__， there is nothing so far distant but may be represented to our view, and by the help of microscopes, there is nothing so __55__ as to escape our inquiry.” (　B　)41．A．grateful B．responsible C．ready D．careful (　D　)42．A．research B．astronomy C．language D．education (　C　)43．A．help B．protect C．stop D．puzzle (　A　)44．A．take B．set C．catch D．turn (　B　)45．A．sports B．painting C．physics D．biology (　C　)46．A．ashamed B．tired C．aware D．capable (　D　)47．A．left B．noticed C．founded D．attended (　A　)48．A．named B．modeled C．written D．placed (　B　)49．A．forming B．observing C．counting D．remembering (　D　)50．A．designed B．asked C．estimated D．uncovered (　A　)51．A．hand B．fortune C．order D．patience (　C　)52．A．On B．Among C．Underneath D．Over (　A　)53．A．house B．make C．store D．display (　C　)54．A．microscopes B．tools C．telescopes D．experiments (　D　)55．A．huge B．light C．heavy D．small 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了科学家Robert Hooke的伟大成就。 41．B　这位17世纪的科学家为我们从数学、力学到生物学和天文学的所有知识作出了贡献。be responsible for 意为“对……负责”，在此处表示我们现在的数学、力学、生物学和天文学的所有知识有他的功劳。故选B。 42．D　由于他是个体弱多病的孩子，他接受教育(education)的时间很晚。故选D。 43．C　但他缺乏的早期教育并没有阻止(stop)他实现他的天赋。故选C。 44．A　后来，他进入了威斯敏斯特学校，它带(take)他走上了科学之路。故选A。 45．B　根据上文中的“drawing”可知，此处指他发现自己的天赋远不止绘画(painting)，尤其是在数学、力学和语言方面。故选B。 46．C　许多人都知道(aware)Hooke在显微镜学方面的工作。be aware of意为“知道”，符合语境。故选C。 47．D　但在1653年，18岁的Hooke进入牛津大学基督教堂学院学习。attend college意为“上大学”，符合语境。 故选D。 48．A　根据语境可知，胡克定律是以Hooke的名字命名的，be named after sb意为“以某人的名字命名”。故选A。 49．B　根据语境可知，Hooke以发现和观察(observe)活细胞而闻名。故选B。 50．D　他是第一个用显微镜研究不同化石类型的人，他发现了(uncover)蚊子是如何吸血的。故选D。 51．A　1666年伦敦大火之后，Hooke有机会在建筑方面尝试设计一座纪念碑。try one's hand at意为“尝试做(从未做过的事)”，符合语境。故选A。 52．C　根据空后的“built an underground laboratory(建立了一个地下的实验室)”可知，此处指在这座60米高的建筑下面。故选C。 53．A　中央通道则用来安置(house)一个大型望远镜。此处的house用作动词，意为“收藏，安置”。故选A。 54．C　正如他在《显微术》一书中所引用的那样：“借助望远镜(telescope)，没有什么遥远的东西不可能呈现在我们的视野中”。故选C。 55．D　借助显微镜，再小的(small)东西也逃不过我们的探究。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was 56．__an__ all­round scholar of astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and medical science. 57．__However__， Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: he was the first 58．__to_build__(build) graphic maps. Thanks 59．__to__ his mother, Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood. He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life. While in his 60．__thirties__(thirty), Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place. In the dream, he climbed a hill, the top of 61．__which__ was covered with brightly coloured flowers and trees. Clear waters 62．__flowed__(flow) at the base of the hill, with trees on either side. Later on, when 63．__traveling/travelling__ (travel) around, he was shocked to find a piece of land that was 64．__exactly__ (exact)the one in his dream. There he settled and wrote about the discoveries he had made in his lifetime. This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's Dream Rivulet Diary (《梦溪笔谈》). Dream Rivulet Diary was a milestone in the history of Chinese science. So far, this amazing scientific work 65．__has_been_translated__ (translate) into a number of different languages, including English, French, German and Japanese. 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了沈括的生平和成就。 56．an　考查冠词。此处泛指一位全能的学者，且all­round以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。故填an。 57．However　考查副词。沈括的声誉主要是在科学写作领域，与空前一句在语义上存在转折关系，位于句首，且其后有逗号与句子的其他成分隔开，因此填however，且首字母需大写。故填However。 58．to build　考查非谓语动词。the first后用不定式作后置定语。故填to build。 59．to　考查介词。thanks to意为“多亏了”，此处指“多亏了他的母亲，沈括在童年时就接受了正规的教育”。故填to。 60．thirties　考查数词。30多岁时，沈括经常梦到一个地方。in one's thirties意为“在某人三十几岁时”。故填thirties。 61．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指物。故填which。 62．flowed　考查时态。此处介绍过去发生的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时。故填flowed。 63．traveling/travelling　考查状语从句的省略。本句中when引导时间状语从句，且与主句主语一致，因此省略了主语和be动词，完整形式为when he was traveling/travelling。故填traveling或travelling。 64．exactly　考查副词。空格处用副词作状语。故填exactly。 65．has been translated　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据So far可知，句子时态用现在完成时；书是被翻译，因此用被动语态；主语this amazing scientific work是单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has been translated。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是某国际学校学生会的主席李华。你校学生会正在向全体学生征集以“中国科学家精神”为主题的短视频。请你用英文拟一则征稿启事，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.作品要求；3.投稿方式及截止时间。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 One possible version： Contributions Wanted To carry forward the spirit of Chinese scientists and demonstrate the power of moral examples, the Students' Union is collecting short videos on the theme of “The Spirit of Chinese Scientists”． The video is supposed to be original, positive and to the point, including scientists' major experiences, achievements and the spirit they show on the road to success. As a consequence, if you admire a scientist for the above­mentioned aspects, feel free to submit your excellent work to students'union@163．com before May 20th. What deserves your special attention is that your work should be limited to 3 minutes. Your active participation is highly anticipated! The Students' Union 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “You signed us up for what？” Lucinda's eyes widened as Jamie grinned at her. “A charity bike ride. It'd be fun！” She stared at him open­mouthed. “Fun? But I haven't ridden a bike for years, Jamie. And I hate exercise! How long is this ride？” Lucinda could feel her muscle shrinking at the mere thought of it. “Only 20 kilometres.” Lucinda grabbed the brightly­coloured leaflet advertising the bike ride from her husband's hand. “Twenty kilometres? That's a half marathon, Jamie！” She tossed the leaflet back at him. “Well, you can count me out. I'm not fit enough to run five minutes round the block, let alone hours on a bike.” “But you will be in a couple of months. I thought we could train for it together，” Jamie patted his beer belly and said. “I'm not exactly in great shape at the moment. And you're always saying we don't get to spend enough time together！” He gave her his best winning grin. A smile fell across Lucinda's lips. It was true that she was always saying that lately, though spending her weekends cycling was not exactly what she'd had in mind. A wave of sadness spun through her heart. The past few months had been difficult. She had lost her job and was struggling to find a new one. Being at home, scrolling through job advertisements and waiting for interview replies, had left her feeling stuck. Jamie had been working extra hours to support financially, but that only added to her guilt. Despite trying to stay positive, life had somehow skidded to a stop. “I'm not sure，” Lucinda sighed. “It's not a race, but a joy ride, Lucinda，” Jamie reassured her, nudging her playfully. “Plus, I've already rented us a tandem(双人自行车)！”“A tandem？” Lucinda's eyes flashed with horror. “Are you mad？” She stared at him. “You're not even joking, are you？” Doubts crept into her mind as she imagined the challenges of coordinating(协调) their movements on a shared bike. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 One possible version： Actually, the first training session did not go well.The_moment_they_picked_up_the_bicycle_the_sky_filled_with_drizzle_and_Lucinda's_mood_turned_dark._“This_is_stupid,_Jamie，”she_scowled._“What_on_earth_are_we_doing_here？”Jamie,_however,_beamed_brightly_and_held_the_bicycle_steady_for_her_to_climb_on._Along_the_track,_they_were_greeted_with_friendly_greetings_and_cheers_from_Sunday_morning_walkers._And_there_was_Jamie,_always_by_her_side,_softly_encouraging_and_cheering_her._As_the_hours_passed,_they_were_both_sweating_buckets._Gone_with_the_sweat_were_Lucinda's_groans_and_concerns._Weeks_slipping_by,_Lucinda_found_herself_actually_looking_forward_to_their_weekend_rides._Her_muscles_grew_stronger_and_their_progress_became_evident,_instilling_a_new­found_sense_of_hope_and_optimism. It seemed cycling had truly got their lives moving forward again. Jamie_was_in_quite_good_shape,_his_belly_tight_now._Last_week_Lucinda_received_happy_news_out_of_the_blue—a_job_offer_from_one_of_her_many_applications_and_interviews!_Finally,_the_big_day_came._Lucinda_was_surprised_by_the_bustling_scene:_friends,_families,_spectators_and_a_crazy_collection_of_cyclists—some_in_fancy_dress,_and_others_in_serious_cycle_gear._As_they_waited,_Jamie_glanced_over_his_shoulder_and_said,_“I'm_really_proud_of_you,_you_know.”“For_the_job_offer,_or_this？”Lucinda_grinned.“Both._You_never_give_up_even_when_things_seem_impossible，”Jamie_smiled._“And_you_never_give_up_on_me._Now_look_at_us！”_she_laughed._With_the_whistle_buzzing_and_horns_blaring,_they_joined_the_stream_of_enthusiastic_cyclists_and_flew_along_amid_the_thunderous_cheers_of_the_crowd._At_that_moment,_Lucinda_felt_her_heart_spinning_with_happiness. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$