高效作业25 Unit 5 Working the Land 单元小测-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业25　单元小测(见学生用书P201) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．After listening to the teacher attentively, I have digested__ most of the important points. 2．Water is essential__ for all known forms of life. 3．India attained__ independence in 1947 after a long struggle. 4．Yuan Longping developed the first hybrid rice that had a high output__ in 1974. 5．It was so serious a matter that I had no alternative__ but to call the police. 6．Thousands of people today migrate from rural to __urban__(都市的) areas in search of work. 7．We need to employ more experienced workers to __boost__(提高) production. 8．There was __widespread__(广泛的) criticism of the government's handling of the disaster in that country. 9．Eventually，not knowing whether a partner is reliable creates __intense__(十分强烈的) stress. 10．The city was heavily __bombed__(轰炸) in the war and lay in ruins. 11. I can give you a rough __estimate__(估算) of the amount of wood you will need for the camp fire. 12. His illness affects almost every __aspect__(方面) of his life, especially reducing his quality of life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Excessive alcohol __consumption__(consume) is harmful to people's health. 2．The __reality__(real) is that young people will not go into teaching until salaries are higher. 3．It is for these reasons that I am firmly __convinced__ (convince) that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit. 4．Some ready­made meals are not so __nutritious__ (nutrition), but very easy to prepare. 5． __Organically__(organic) grown produce does not differ greatly in appearance from __conventionally__(convention) grown crops. 6．She devoted herself __entirely__(entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field. 7．__Expanding__(expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 8．__Assuming__(assume) that the scheme is workable, how will you begin to implement it? 9．Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live in a __salty__(salt) environment. 10. They intend to have a major touring exhibition __devoted__(devote) to the works of disabled artists. Ⅲ. 短语填空 1．Organic farmers __focus_on__(专注于) keeping their soil rich and __free_of__(免于) disease through natural means. 2．Keep up your courage, since life __is_comprised_of__(由……组成) joy and sadness. 3．What's more, robots can deal with emergencies. __For_instance__(例如), if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help. 4．There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke __in_turn__(轮流). 5．Organic farming is __nowhere_near__(远不及) able to meet the high demand for food around the world. 6．He decided to __devote__ the rest of his life __to__(献身) scientific research. 7．As an alternative, some people have __switched/turned_to__(转向) a vegetarian diet for health reasons. 8．You will be able to stroll(漫步)__at_leisure__(有空时，空闲时) through the gardens. 9．The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to __adapt_to__(适应) the change. 10．__Given_that__(鉴于；考虑到) I don't earn that much, I decide not to go on vacation this summer although I'm dying to. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．我更喜欢住在农村的原因是那里的空气比城市的空气新鲜得多。(that指代) The reason I prefer to live in the countryside is that the air there is much fresher than __that_of_the_city__. 2．这是一项很有意义的活动，我不仅能有一些新的发现，而且能体验到劳动的乐趣。(not only．..but also．..) It is a very meaningful activity and __not_only_can_I_make_some_new_discoveries__， but I can also experience the joy of labour. 3．用他的杂交水稻品种，农民们种出的粮食是以前的两倍。(倍数表达法) Using his hybrid strains, farmers are producing harvests __twice_as_large_as_before__． 4．已经证明，均衡的饮食有助于保持健康。(it作形式主语) __It_has_been_proved_that__ a balanced diet helps to keep healthy. 5．给我们印象最深的是他的高尚举止源于他的家庭和良好的教育。(主语从句) __What_impresses_us_most__ is __that__ his noble manners have their roots in his family and good education. [话题语篇提升] Ⅴ.阅读理解 [2024·嘉兴一中检测] The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects which eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2，000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far­reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation. By analysing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species' chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs. “We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, drier climate，” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you're going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas. “We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they're largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we're showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems，” said Qiu. The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation's National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles' distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON's imaging instruments to create detailed three­dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate(模拟) climate change to study how the insects would respond. (　B　)1．What does the new study in North America show? A．Pests could destroy crops. B．Some ground beetles will not survive climate change. C．The survival of ground beetles only depends on their habitat. D．Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate. (　D　)2．What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles. B．Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate. C．Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate. D．The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognised. (　A　)3．How did the research team carry out the study? A．By analysing data. B．By studying documents. C．By doing field research. D．By performing experiments. (　C　)4．What can be the best title for the text? A．North American Agriculture Crops at Risk B．A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way C．Crop­Saving Beetles Under Climate Threat D．A New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究，该研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2 000种步行虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。 1. B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2，000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline.(但美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，在北美发现的近2 000种步行虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。一些可能会减少。)”可知，北美的这项新研究表明，一些步行虫将无法在气候变化中生存。故选B。 2．D　推理判断题。根据第三段“‘We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles．.. because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.(该研究的负责人佟邱说：‘我们发现，在温暖干燥的气候中，移动性较差、不能飞行的步行虫更有可能随着时间的推移而减少，而步行虫是重要的害虫控制剂。这意味着会有更多的害虫影响农业和森林生态系统。’但我们有理由抱有希望，邱补充说，因为分析还表明，栖息地保护可以减轻这些影响，并在一些地区扭转趋势。)”以及第四段“‘We hope conservation biologists will use this information ．..In this paper we're showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems，’ said Qiu.( 邱说：‘我们希望保护生物学家能够利用这些信息和我们创建的在线地图来更好地管理昆虫的栖息地。步行虫对生态系统非常有益，但普通人基本上看不见它们。在这篇论文中，我们展示了它们对整个森林和农业生态系统社区的广泛影响。’)”可知，佟邱在第三段和第四段想表达，步行虫的重要性应该得到广泛的认可。故选D。 3．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers used ground beetle count data ．..They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate(模拟) climate change to study how the insects would respond.[研究人员使用了来自美国国家科学基金会的美国国家生态观测站网络(NEON)和11项先前发表的研究的步行虫计数数据，来测量和绘制步行虫在北美的分布。通过使用NEON的成像仪器创建详细的三维景观图像，可以获得诸如森林冠层间隙位置和森林地面植物密度等栖息地信息。然后，他们将收集到的数据输入计算机模型来模拟气候变化，以研究这类昆虫会如何反应。]”可知，研究小组通过分析数据来开展这项研究。故选A。 4．C　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项新研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2 000种步行虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来，为了保护它们，研究人员通过分析数据开展进一步研究。C项“拯救作物的甲虫受到气候威胁”符合题意，为文章的最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered with white frost. 1．__B__ These terraces(梯田) were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years. 2．__D__ Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top. 3．__G__ Firstly, there are few large, flat areas of land in the region. Building the terraces could increase the areas to grow rice. Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep(陡峭的) and the soil is shallow. The fat terraces help catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. But perhaps the most important is the way people have worked in peace with nature. The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways connecting with each other. During the rainy season, rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces along these waterways. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour(蒸气). 4．__F__ These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects harmful to crops. Although modern technology helps produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.5．__C__ Thus, new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today, Longji Terraces attract thousands of visitors to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together. A．Terraces were built to collect the rainwater. B．These are the colours of the Longji Terraces. C．This knowledge is passed down through families. D．It wasn't completed until the early Qing Dynasty. E．So how did people change the entire mountains into terraces? F．This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the terraces again. G．So why did these people take the trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了龙脊梯田的建造历史、作用和现状。 1．B　根据上文“夏天，随着水稻的生长，山峦变成鲜绿色。秋天，这些山是金色的，冬天，它们被白霜覆盖。”可知，上文介绍了山峦在不同季节呈现出的不同颜色，B项“这些是龙脊梯田的颜色。”承接上文，上文提到的“鲜绿色”和“金色”等是龙脊梯田在不同季节呈现出的颜色。故选B。 2．D　根据上文“从元朝开始，梯田的建造耗时数百年。”可知，上文介绍了龙脊梯田的建造时间，D项“直到清初才完工。”承接上文，龙脊梯田从元朝开始建造，耗时数百年，直到清初才完工。故选D。 3．G　根据下文“首先，该地区很少有大片平坦的土地。修建梯田可以增加水稻种植面积。”可知，下文介绍了建造龙脊梯田的原因——可以增加水稻种植面积，G项“那么为什么这些人要费力把整座山变成梯田呢？”引出下文，下文介绍了人们费力把整座山变成梯田的原因。故选G。 4．F　根据上文“在雨季，雨水沿着这些水道流下山进入梯田。太阳使水受热，使其变成蒸气。”可知，上文介绍了龙脊梯田是如何利用雨水的，F项“这就形成了云层，雨水从云层中再次降落到梯田上。”承接上文，进一步解释了龙脊梯田是如何利用雨水的。故选F。 5．C　根据上文“虽然现代技术有助于生产更多的作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍然意义重大，传统对他们来说很有价值。”可知，上文介绍了龙脊梯田对当地人来说很有价值，C项“这种知识是通过家族流传下来的。”承接上文，正因为龙脊梯田对当地人来说很有价值，所以关于梯田的知识通过家族流传下来了，且引出下文，因为关于梯田的知识通过家族流传下来了，所以新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维护梯田。故选C。 Ⅶ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 [2024·南京一中检测] China has made solid progress in pushing forward rural vitalisation (乡村振兴) as 1．__expected__(expect) in recent years. In 2018, China released a five­year plan 2．__for__ its rural vitalisation strategy, 3．__mapping__(map) out a number of major projects, programmes and actions. All the plan's key tasks, including increasing agricultural production capacity and improving the safety of drinking water in rural areas, have been carried out 4．__steadily__(steady) and have achieved good results. In 2021, agricultural technology progress 5．__contributed__(contribute) to 61 percent of the sector's development, 6．__which__ is 3.5 percent higher than that of 2017. As to the green development of agriculture, the application of chemical fertilisers and pesticides has experienced negative 7．__growth__(grow) over the years, while the usage of organic fertilisers has significantly increased. The 8．__construction__(construct) of rural infrastructure(基础设施), such as water, electricity, road and telecommunication facilities, has been improved. Tap water is now 9．__accessible__(access) to 84 percent of rural households. 10．__The__ average income of rural residents increased by 28.9 percent in real terms from 2017 to 2021. 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。五年来，中国乡村振兴工作取得了稳步进展。 1．expected　考查省略句。句意：近几年来，中国乡村振兴取得了预期的扎实进展。本句为状语从句的省略，完整句子为as it is expected，省略了it is。故填expected。 2．for　考查介词。句意：2018年，中国发布乡村振兴战略五年规划，部署了一批重大工程、重大规划和重大行动。a plan for“一个关于……的计划”。故填for。 3．mapping　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，released为句子的谓语，因此空处应填非谓语动词形式作状语，map out意为“规划，制定”，在句中与其逻辑主语China之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填mapping。 4．steadily　考查副词。句意：提高农业生产能力、改善农村饮水安全等该计划的重点任务稳步推进，并取得良好成效。空处用副词修饰动词短语 carried out。故填steadily。 5．contributed　考查时态。句意：2021年，农业技术进步对农业发展的贡献率为61%，比2017年提高3.5个百分点。根据“In 2021”可知，本句用一般过去时。故填contributed。 6．which　考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 61 percent并在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 7．growth　考查名词。句意：在农业绿色发展方面，化肥和农药的使用多年来一直负增长，而有机肥的使用量则大幅增加。experience后接不可数名词growth作宾语。 故填growth。 8．construction　考查名词。句意：农村水、电、路、通信等基础设施建设得到加强。The后接名词construction作宾语，表抽象意义，不可数。故填construction。 9．accessible　考查形容词。句意：84%的农村家庭用上了自来水。形容词accessible作表语。故填accessible。 10．The　考查冠词。句意：2017年至2021年，农村居民平均收入实际增长28.9%。特指农村居民平均收入，用定冠词the。位于句首，the的首字母需大写。故填The。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$