高效作业21 Unit 5 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Unit 5　Working the Land 高效作业21 [Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking](见学生用书P193) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She has to overcome__ great difficulties to make a living in a new city. 2．As an ambitious guy, he worked very hard to attain__ what he wanted. 3. To approach what I'm pursuing, I'm equipping myself with more knowledge and qualities required, like intellect and __vision__(视野). 4. Culture is shared __characteristics__(特征) and knowledge of a group of people，including their language, religion, food, social habits, music and arts. 5. The children are really happy to see that the tree always __yields__(产出) good fruits. 6. This__celebrity__(名人) got the attention of photographers and fans. 7. Solar energy has been used to __generate__(产生) electricity in some countries. 8. This imagined tragedy may easily become a harsh __reality__(事实) we all shall know. 9. Passing my driving test was such a __boost__(激励) to my confidence. 10. Most people only have a limited amount of __leisure__ (闲暇) time. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．As a nation, our __consumption__(consume) of junk food is horrifying and it's time for us to do something about it. 2．With the new term approaching, some schools nationwide are still experiencing a __shortage__(short) of textbooks. 3．Scientists say there is no __convincing__(convince) evidence to prove that. 4．Actually, the fast food business is __intensely__(intense) competitive. 5．The project was based on the __assumption__(assume) that the economy was expanding. 6．Given the necessary investment, this region is perfect for economic __expansion__(expand). Ⅲ.选词填空 deep down; devote．.. to; given that．..; far from the case; be comprised of 1．All these funds raised __were_devoted_to__ the building of sports facilities and construction of stadiums last year. 2．The medical team __is/was_comprised_of__ ten doctors and twenty nurses. 3．I have so many friends, but __deep_down__， I have a fear of loneliness. 4．__Given_that__ they're new here, I will show them around the city. 5．Some people begin to envision success ahead, but this is still __far_from_the_case__ and efforts have to be reinforced. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．据估计，我们将总共有300名游客，但实际人数要多得多。 __It_is_estimated_that__ we will have a total of 300 visitors, but the actual number is much larger. 2．让游客们印象深刻的是优美的风景。 __What_impresses_the_visitors__ is the picturesque scenery. 3．他的笔迹看起来很像一个比他小得多的孩子的笔迹。 His handwriting looks so much like __that_of__ a much younger child. Ⅴ.课文语法填空 Known as the “father of hybrid rice”， Yuan Longping was one of China's 1．__most_famous__(famous) scientists, who considered himself a farmer despite his great 2．__achievements__(achieve). 3．__To_tackle__(tackle) the crisis of food shortage, he attended Southwest Agricultural College and 4．__studied__(study) agriculture. Then as a researcher, he devoted himself to 5．__finding__(find) an approach to boosting yields without expanding the area of land.6．__Having_overcome__(overcome) enormous difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice in the world that could be used for farming in 1974, which made 7．__it__possible for farmers to expand their output greatly. Not only has his innovation helped to feed China, but it has alleviated(减少) hunger 8．__in__ other countries depending on rice like India and Vietnam. 9．__Given__(give) his great contributions, he received numerous awards both in China and abroad. In spite of being wealthy, he cared little for celebrity or money and made large 10．__donations__(donate) to support agricultural research. Even in his later years, he worked hard to fulfil his dreams. [话题语篇提升] Ⅵ.阅读理解 A [2024·烟台一中检测] “Rice now has its own big data platform，” claimed a conference in early April. Led by the China National Rice Research Institute, the platform records data throughout every stage of rice production, including collection, storage, and analysis. It will also regularly publish reports to improve the service of rice production, providing convenience to farmers. Apart from big data, other technologies are aiding agriculture in China in recent years. Flying above Drones(无人机) play an important role in farming this spring. “Using drones to spread the nutrient solution(营养液) is a lot safer than doing it manually(手动地)，” Shi Zhenhai, a farmer in Henan who is responsible for about 119 hectares of wheat fields said. Shi added that the flying machines greatly improved efficiency. The more advanced drones that the farmer bought recently can be filled with 50 litres of liquid, which can be used to cover about 3.4­hectare farmland. With four drones working at the same time, it only takes three hours to finish spreading the solution over all of Shi's land. Monitoring on their own A smart glass greenhouse used to grow tomatoes features more than 120 patented technologies. Located in Shandong, the demonstration base covers about 80，000 square metres but requires very few workers. Sensors collect information about the plants, such as the humidity(湿度) of the environment, the condition of sunlight and heat, and whether the room is ventilated(使通风) enough. It is then uploaded to a platform to be analysed. The correct levels of water and fertiliser(肥料) are supplied to crops by the automatic irrigation system, Robots and other devices are used to pick and transport tomatoes. With facilities to store heat, the structure does not use huge amounts of energy in winter, unlike traditional greenhouses. “Growing crops in a controlled environment enables farmers to produce high­quality plants, maintain high food safety standards, and avoid the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)，”said Wang Haiguang at the operations office of the greenhouse. (　C　)1．How do the drones play a part in farming? A．By spreading the seeds. B．By working at high altitudes. C．By improving the working efficiency. D．By providing early warning in wheat fields. (　A　)2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The information. B．The sensor. C．The humidity. D．The robot. (　D　)3．With the help of the advanced technology, farmers can enjoy many benefits EXCEPT________. A．applying big data platform B．avoiding the use of pesticides C．producing high­quality plants D．using huge amounts of energy in winter 【语篇解读】文章介绍了大数据平台、无人机、监测系统等农业高科技。 1．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shi added that the flying machines greatly improved efficiency.(史补充说，无人机大大提高了效率。)”可知，无人机在农业中能够提高工作效率。故选C。 2．A　代词指代题。根据第四段中的“Sensors collect information about the plants, such as the humidity(湿度) of the environment, the condition of sunlight and heat, and whether the room is ventilated(使通风) enough.It is then uploaded．..(传感器收集有关植物的信息，如环境湿度、阳光和热量的状况，以及房间是否通风。然后它被上传至……)”可知，此处是指将传感器收集到的有关植物的信息上传，所以It代指“信息”。故选A。 3．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“With facilities to store heat, the structure does not use huge amounts of energy in winter, unlike traditional greenhouses.(与传统的温室不同，该建筑有储存热量的设施，在冬天不会消耗大量的能源。)”可知，在先进技术的帮助下，农民在冬天不需要使用大量的能源，D项“在冬季使用大量能源”错误。故选D。 B Industrial agriculture is often held up as the solution to feeding the world's growing population. But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world's food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London. “Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops, is not the only answer，” says art director Francesca Price. “We want these images to encourage people to support their local food system.” By growing traditional and non­commercial varieties, small farms support biodiversity and increase food security. With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks. However, traditional farming communities are working to preserve their ancient seed diversity. Keeping the variety alive is very important in the face of climate change. In the future, researchers might need to get particular genes from one variety to help another to adapt to warmer, stormier, or drier weather, or to save a prized(珍贵的) variety from disease. Contrary to the false impression held by the public, small farms that practise traditional agriculture can be highly productive. Studies show that the output of crops rises when there's a wider diversity of crops being grown on a farm, and money is saved since the need for harmful fertiliser and other chemicals is reduced. “The photographs of family farmers may tell just a few local stories, but the message is universal，” says photographer Cheryl Newman. “I hope that the images will leave viewers thinking deeply about where their food comes from and the impact it has on the world around us.” (　C　)4．What is the purpose of the photo exhibition? A．To help small farmers to sell their produce. B．To show the challenges faced by small farmers. C．To draw attention to small farms' contribution. D．To help farmers to fight against industrial agriculture. (　B　)5．What can we say about the industrial agriculture? A．It produces more food than small farms in total. B．It harms biodiversity and decreases food security. C．It has been competing unfairly with small farms. D．It is the only way to feed the world's population. (　A　)6．What is the text mainly about? A．The importance of traditional small farms. B．The problems with the industrial agriculture. C．The consequences of fast­growing population. D．The impact of climate change on agriculture. 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面的重要作用。 4．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world's food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.(但是，大约25英亩或更少的小型农场生产世界70%以上的粮食。为了提高人们对这些农民贡献的认识，一个名为‘我们养活世界’的全球摄影展将于10月12日在伦敦开幕)。”可知，摄影展的目的是让人们关注小型农场的贡献。故选C。 5．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops(工业化农业主要集中在几种作物上)”和第三段中的“With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks.(只有12种植物和5种动物占世界食物的75%，食物系统很容易受到自然灾害和疾病爆发的伤害。)”可推断出，注重规模而忽视多样性的工业化农业很可能会损害生物多样性及危害粮食安全。故选B。 6．A　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面所发挥的重要作用。故选A。 Ⅶ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Eat Better for the Planet Is it possible to have a diet that's both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco­friendly food questions. Does what I eat have an effect on climate change？Yes. The world's food system is responsible for about one quarter of the planet­warming greenhouse gases that humans generate each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat. 1．__E__ How exactly does food contribute to global warming？When some forests are cleared to make room for farms, cattle, sheep or other livestock, some serious problems may come up. 2．__G__ Also, fossil fuels are used to operate farm machinery, make fertilisers, and ship food around the globe, all of which generate emissions. What about chickens？A number of studies have found that chickens, ducks, and other birds have less climate impact than cattle or sheep kept on a farm. 3．__D__Especially at converting feeding materials into animal meat, the efficiency is highly improved, though this has prompted major concerns about animal welfare. Is organic produce better for the climate？Organic produce is grown without synthetic fertilisers or pesticides, but that doesn't mean it's necessarily better than conventionally grown produce from a climate perspective. 4．__C__ In some cases it can be worse. 5．__B__On the one hand, it's true that one person alone can make only a tiny difference. On the other hand, if many people made changes to their diets, that could start to add up. Experts have argued that it would make a big difference if the world's heaviest meat eaters make some changes to their diets. A．Does what I eat matter? B．Can I really make a difference? C．Organic farms often require more land. D．Modern­day chickens are bred to be extremely efficient. E．Processing, packaging, and shipping food are also part of it. F．Advances in chicken breeding are helping to reduce the cost of it. G．Large stores of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere heat up the planet. 【语篇解读】文章阐述了人类的食物系统是如何对地球变暖产生影响的。 1．E　本段主要讲人类的食物系统是怎样产生温室气体的。根据空前的“That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat.”可知，这个食物系统包括饲养和收获各种植物、动物及动物产品。E项“加工、包装和运输食物也是其中的一部分。”符合语境。故选E。 2．G　根据上文中的“When some forests are cleared to make room for farms, cattle, sheep or other livestock, some serious problems may come up.”可知，当一些森林为农场、牛、羊或其他家畜让地方而被清除时，一些严重的问题可能就会出现。由此可推出，接下来应该讲“严重的问题是什么”。根据下文中的“Also, fossil fuels are used to operate farm machinery, make fertiliser, and ship food around the globe, all of which generate emissions.”可知，下文继续补充了因食物而产生的其他气体排放。G项“被排放到大气层中的大量二氧化碳就会使地球变暖。”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 3．D　本段主要讲述鸡对气候的影响。根据上文中的“A number of studies have found that chickens, ducks, and other birds have less climate impact than cattle or sheep kept on a farm.”可知，许多研究发现，鸡、鸭和其他鸟类对气候的影响比在农场饲养的牛或羊要小。 由此可推出，接下来应该讲“鸡是怎样更小地产生影响的”。下文中的“Especially at converting feeding materials into animal meat, the efficiency is highly improved, though this has prompted major concerns about animal welfare.”中出现了“efficiency”这个词。D项“现代的鸡的饲养极其高效。”承上启下，符合语境，且D项中的“efficient”一词对应上文中的“efficiency”。故选D。 4．C　本段主要讲述有机作物对气候的影响。根据上文中的“but that doesn't mean it's necessarily better than conventionally grown produce from a climate perspective”可知，从气候角度来看，有机产品并不意味着它一定比传统种植的农产品更好。由此可推出，接下来应该讲有机耕种的缺点。下文中的“In some cases it can be worse.”进一步强调了有机耕种在某些方面更糟糕。C项“有机耕种需要更多土地。”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5．B　空处位于句首，为本段的主题句，根据上文中的主题句的形式可知，答案在A、B两项中选择。根据下文中的“On the one hand, it's true that one person alone can make only a tiny difference. On the other hand, if many people made changes to their diets, that could start to add up.”可推出，作者在号召所有人都做出努力。B项“我真的可以起到作用吗？”符合语境。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$