Unit 2 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Unit 2　Looking into the Future (见学生用书P35) Space: the final frontier. These are the voyages of the starship Enterprise. Its continuing mission①： to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilisations②， to boldly go where no one has gone before. —Star Trek 宇宙：人类最后的边疆。这是星舰“企业号”的航程。它接下来的使命是去探索未知的新世界，寻找新的生命和新的文明，勇敢地驶向前人所未至的领域。 ——《星际迷航》 The unknown future rolls towards us. I face it, for the first time, with a sense of hope. Because if a machine, a Terminator, can learn the value of human life, maybe we can too. —Terminator 2: Judgment Day 未知的未来在我们眼前展开。面对未来，我生平第一次怀着希望去面对它。因为如果一台机器——一个终结者，都能懂得人生的价值，或许我们也能。 ——《终结者2：审判日》 Roads? Where we're going, we don't need roads. —Back to the Future 路？我们要去的地方不需要路。 ——《回到未来》 Pain reminds you the joy you felt was real. —Blade Runner 2049 痛苦提醒你，你所感受到的快乐是真实的。 ——《银翼杀手2049》 Beauty was the summation③ of the parts working together in such a way that nothing needed to be added, taken away or altered④， and that's you. You're beautiful. —NEXT 美是各个部分和谐地构成一个整体，不需要增减或更改。你就是这样的整体。你真美。 ——《预见未来》 [日积月累] ①mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n．使命；任务 ②civilisation /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n．文明 ③summation /sʌˈmeɪʃn/ n. 总和；综合体 ④alter/ˈɔːltə(r)/ v. (使)改变，改动 Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P36) The best way to predict the future is to create it. 预测未来的最好方法是创造它。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1．__phrase__ n. 短语；词组 2．__persuade__ vt. 劝说；说服 3．__switch__ vt. 转换；交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变 4．__distant__ adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 5．__secure__ adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得；拴牢；保护 6．knob n. __旋钮；球形把手__ 7．appliance n. __电器；器具__ 8．__remote__ adj. 远程的；偏远的 9．__automatic__ adj. 自动的 10．integrated adj. __各部分密切协调的；综合的__ 11．__integrate__ vi.& vt. (使)合并；成为一体 12．sensor n. __传感器；敏感元件__ 13．__efficient__ adj. 效率高的；有功效的 14．__mode__ n．模式；方式；风格 15．__routine__ n. 常规；正常顺序adj. 常规的；日常的 16．__preference__ n. 爱好；偏爱 17．__instant__ n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 18．command n. __指令；命令；控制__ vt. __命令；控制__ 19．obey vi.& vt. __服从；遵守__ 20．__warning__ n. 警告；警示；先兆 21．__constant__ adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的n. 常数；常量 22．__abnormal__ adj. 不正常的；反常的 23．__critical__ adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 24．__cancer__ n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 25．__potentially__ adv. 潜在地；可能地 26．__leak__ vi.& vt. 漏；渗漏；透露n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 27．electrical adj. __电的；用电的__ 28．__wire__ n. 电线；金属丝(或线) vt. 接通电源； 将……连接到→wiring n. __电线线路；线路系统__ 29．__detect__ vt. 发现；查明 30．__relevant__ adj. 有关的；有意义的 31．__fantasy__ n. 幻想；想象 32．__innovation__ n. 创新；创造 33．__available__ adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 34．__nevertheless__ adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 35．__structure__ n. 结构；体系vt. 系统安排；精心组织 Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1．the __intended__ audience目标观众 2．__switch_off/on__关/开(电灯、机器等) 3．in the not­too­distant future __在不远的将来__ 4．__remote__ control 遥控器；遥控 5．air conditioner __空调机；空调设备__ 6．automatic control__自动控制__ 7．integrated sensors __集成传感器__ 8．an energy­efficient mode__节能模式__ 9．daily routine __日常生活__ 10．the instant __一……就……__ 11．keep constant track of __持续跟踪/记录__ 12．__early_on__ 在初期；早先 13．a critical illness __重病__ 14．provide sb with sth __给某人提供某物__ 15．catch fire __着火__ 16．__in_this_sense__ 从这种意义上来讲 Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. [赏析] 本句是一个简单句，包含了三个并列谓语(will)keep, save和provide；动词不定式短语to live in作后置定语，修饰environment。 [翻译]__这些智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们节省能源，_并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。__ 2．Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. [赏析] 本句是一个由and连接的并列句，and前是一个复合句，句中the instant(that)引导的是一个时间状语从句；prepared为过去分词作宾语补足语。 [翻译]__你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。__ 3．Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. [赏析] 本句是一个复合句，句中before引导时间状语从句。 [翻译]然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 4．For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off．.. [赏析] 本句是一个复合句，其中the smart home could control．..是主句，so that引导目的状语从句。 [翻译]例如：智能家居可以控制空调和灯，这样你就不用再打开和关闭开关了…… Ⅳ.课文理解关 词汇助读 ①switch off 关(电灯、机器等) ·switch vt. 转换；交换vi.& vt. (使)改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变 ②lead to 导致 ③distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 ④secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 ⑤knob n. 旋钮；球形把手 ⑥appliance n. 电器；器具 ⑦remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 ·remote control 遥控器；遥控 ⑧air conditioner 空调机；空调设备 ⑨advanced technology先进的技术 ⑩automatic adj. 自动的 ⑪integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 ·integrate vi.& vt. (使)合并；成为一体 ⑫sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 ⑬energy­efficient adj.高效节能的 ·efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的 ⑭mode n. 模式；方式；风格 ⑮routine n. 常规；正常顺序adj. 常规的；日常的 ·daily routine 日常生活 ⑯preference n. 爱好；偏爱 ⑰instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 ⑱along with 连同；与……一起 ⑲command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 ⑳obey vi.& vt. 服从；遵守 ㉑in addition 此外，另外 ㉒warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 ㉓constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的n. 常数；常量 ·keep constant track of 持续跟踪/记录 ㉔early on 在初期；早先 ㉕abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 ㉖critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 ㉗cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 ㉘potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 ·potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性 ㉙leak vi.& vt. 漏；渗漏；透露n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 ㉚electrical adj. 电的；用电的 ㉛wiring n. 电线线路；线路系统 ·wire n. 电线；金属丝(或线) vt. 接通电源；将……连接到 ㉜detect vt. 发现；查明 ㉝relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 ㉞catch fire 着火 ㉟fantasy n. 幻想；想象 ㊱innovation n. 创新；创造 ㊲available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 ㊳in this sense 从这种意义上来讲 ㊴nevertheless adv.尽管如此；不过；然而 原文 SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off① the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead to② problems. However, in the not­too­distant③ future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure④， save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. Intelligent Controls Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs⑤ for our appliances⑥， and remote⑦ controls for our TVs and air conditioners⑧. In the future, we will be using advanced technology⑨ every day for automatic⑩control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated⑪ sensors⑫ to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy­efficient⑬ mode⑭ all by itself. You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine⑮ and preferences⑯， so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on the instant⑰ you enter the door along with⑱ your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. All controls will respond to voice commands⑲， so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey⑳. Regular Health Checks In addition㉑， your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning㉒to your phone. It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. Smart toilets will be keeping constant㉓ track of your health as well. They can warn you early on㉔ if there is something abnormal㉕or if you have a critical㉖ illness, such as cancer㉗， and potentially㉘ save your life. No More Disasters Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. For example, if a water pipe starts leaking㉙， or if there is a short in the electrical㉚ wiring㉛， your smart home will detect㉜it and provide you with the relevant㉝ information. This way, you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire㉞. This smart technology is not a fantasy㉟. Many of these new innovations㊱ are already available㊲ and being used in some homes. In this sense㊳， the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless㊴， it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 译文 智能家居让生活更轻松 你曾忘记锁门吗？或者，你曾经忘记关电视或电脑吗？这种事情经常发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会导致问题产生。然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家中，当我们外出时，智能家居会为我们锁门；当我们忘记关电视时，智能家居会记得关掉它。这些智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。 智能控制 今天，我们必须使用电灯的开关，电器的旋钮，电视和空调的遥控器。在未来，我们每天都会使用先进的技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自己进入节能模式。你将不再需要考虑自己打开和关闭开关。你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，并且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制(操纵装置)都会响应语音指令，因此如果你想改变你的习惯，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。 定期健康检查 此外，你的智能家每天都会监测你的健康状况。例如：你的床会记录你每晚的睡眠质量。它也会检查你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。智能马桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你有严重的疾病，比如癌症，它们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。 没有更多的灾难 智能家将能够防止事故造成的严重损害。例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线短路，你的智能家居将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。这样，你就能在房子被淹或着火之前解决这个问题。 这种智能技术不是幻想。许多这样的新发明已经可用并正在一些家庭中使用。从这种意义上来讲，明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 Step 1　Pre­reading Predicting: What is the main idea of the text? The text is mainly about __how_smart_homes_can_make_life_easier__． Step 2　While­reading Task 1: Fast reading Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．Automatic control of just about everything in smart homes. Para.2 B．Smart homes will help with disaster prevention. Para.3 C．A brief introduction to smart homes. Para.4 D．Smart homes will check your health regularly. Para.5 E．This new technology still needs some years for most homes to begin to use. Para.1－C　Para.2－A　Para.3－D　Para.4－B Para.5－E　 Task 2: Intensive reading Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks according to the text. 　　Smart Homes to Make Life Easier 　　Smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more (1)__comfortable__ environment to live in. Intelligent Controls We will be using advanced technology for (2)__automatic_control__ of just about everything in our home. ★The future home will use (3)__integrated_sensors__ to tell when you leave home and then go into an (4)__energy­efficient__ mode all by itself. ★Your home will learn your (5) __daily_routine__ and preferences and prepare everything for you. Regular Health Checks Your smart home will be (6) __monitoring__ your health every day. ★Your bed will record your sleep quality and (7) __check__ your body weight. ★Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your (8) __health__. No More Disasters/ Disaster Prevention Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. ★ Your home will (9)__detect__ any water leaks or shorts in the electrical wiring, and then provide you with the relevant information. ★ You can (10)__fix/solve__ the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire. 　　Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1: Answer the question Smart homes can definitely make our life more convenient. However, what might be some of the disadvantages? One possible version： __Some_smart_products_can_be_fairly_expensive.Smart_homes_are_reliant_on_the_Internet_connection._If_the_Internet_connection_fails,_then_the_smart_aspect_of_the_system_won't_work.___ Task 2: 析结构 Task 3：理文化 本文的主题语境为“人与社会”中的科学与技术，旨在让学生了解科技如何让生活更便捷，帮助学生进一步了解人工智能在未来生活中的作用，激发学生的求知欲和探索精神。 人工智能(Artificial Intelligence)是研究、开发用于模拟、延伸和扩展人的智能的理论、方法、技术及应用系统的一门新的技术科学。人工智能是十分广泛的科学，包括机器人、语言识别、图像识别、自然语言处理和专家系统等。人工智能还可以对人的意识、思维的信息处理过程进行模拟。人工智能不是人的智能，但能像人那样思考，也可能会超越人的智能。 人工智能是一门极富挑战性的科学，从事这项工作的人必须懂得计算机知识、心理学和哲学。总的来说，人工智能研究的一个主要目标是使机器能够胜任一些通常需要人类智能才能完成的复杂工作。 Step 4　Summary Writing 根据课文内容，完成概要填空。 A smart home is one that (1)__integrates__(integrate) computers into the structure of the building itself.(要点1) In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves will become automatic.(要点2)With (2)__advanced__ (advance)technology, your smart home will not only have intelligent controls for everything, monitor your health and give you (3)__valuable__(value) advice，but also prevent you (4)__from__any potential disasters.(要点3)So, in (5)__a__ sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.(要点4) Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. 例如：短语in my opinion告诉我们这篇文章可能是用来说服的。(教材P14) persuade　vt. (to make sb decide to do sth, especially by giving them reasons why they should do it, or asking them many times to do it) 劝说；说服；(to make someone believe sth or feel sure about sth)使相信，使信服 (1)persuade sb to do sth＝persuade/talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade/talk sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事 try to persuade sb to do/into doing sth＝advise sb to do sth 尽力说服/建议某人做某事 (2)persuasive adj.有说服力的，令人信服的 【活学活用】 (1)[新外研必修第三册] He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them __to_donate__ money. 他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，并说服他们捐钱。 (2)The girl is uncomfortable with their conversation and tries __to_persuade__ the man__into__being quiet. 那个女孩对他们的谈话感到不舒服，尽力说服那个男人安静下来。 (3)单句语法填空 ①I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them __to_keep__ (keep) smiling. ②While shopping，people sometimes can't help being persuaded __into__ buying something they don't really need. ③My close friend persuaded me not __to_oppose__(oppose) the idea he came up with at the meeting. ＝My close friend persuaded me out of __opposing__(oppose) the idea he came up with at the meeting. ④He is a trained lawyer who can present arguments __persuasively__(persuasive). persuade(成功说服)强调劝说的结果，如果仅仅表示建议或劝说而不涉及结果如何，则要用advise sb to do sth和try to persuade sb to do/into doing sth。 【写作佳句】 When surfing on the Internet, do not be persuaded into giving away your personal information. 当上网的时候，不要被说服泄露你的个人信息。 2．Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer？或者，你曾经忘记关电视或电脑吗？(教材P14) switch　vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt.(使)改变；转变 n.开关；转换器；改变 (1)switch on＝turn on 打开(电灯、机器等) switch off＝turn off 关掉(电灯、机器等) switch (over) to (doing) sth 改变，转变(方法、产品等)；转换(去做别的事情) switch ．.. from．.. to．.. 把……从……转换为…… switch (over) from．..to．.. 从……转换到…… (2)make a/the switch (from．..) to．.. (从……)转变为…… 【活学活用】 (1)We definitely need to switch over __to__different forms of power as soon as possible. 我们确实需要尽快转换到不同形式的能源。 (2)Streetlights powered by solar energy switch __on__automatically at 6 p．m. every day. 太阳能路灯每天下午 6 点自动打开。 (3)You can switch it__off__at the flick of the red switch.你轻轻一按这个红色开关就可以把它关掉。 (4)Entering the room, the boy switched ①__on__ the light and began to study. An hour later, he switched over to ②__listening__ (listen) to music to relax. After finishing his homework, he switched ③__off__ the light and went out to play with his younger sister. 男孩走进房间，打开灯开始学习。一小时后，他转而听音乐放松。做完作业后，他关灯出去和他妹妹玩。 【写作佳句】 He switched the conversation from one subject to another. 他把谈话从一个话题转换到另一个话题。 3．However, in the not­too­distant future, we will be living in smart homes．.. 然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家中……(教材P14) distant　adj. (far away)遥远的；远处的；久远的；冷淡的；疏远的；远亲的；心不在焉的 (1)distant relatives 远亲 in the distant past 在遥远的过去 a distant memory 遥远的记忆 (2)distance n. 距离；远处；疏远 in the distance 在远处 at a distance (of) 在……处；相距…… within walking distance 几步之遥 keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远 keep one's distance(from．..)(与……)保持距离 (3)distance v. 疏远，远离 distance oneself from 使自己与……保持距离 【活学活用】 (1)A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 (2)We spotted them waving to us __at_a_distance__ of three metres. 我们发现他们在离(我们)三米远的地方向我们招手。 (3)There are three supermarkets __within_walking_distance__ in this town. 这个镇上有三个超市，步行就可到达。 (4)写出下列各句中黑体单词或短语的中文意思 ①The mountains rolled away to a distant horizon.__遥远的__ ②It's hard to evaluate his attitude，but he sounded very cold and distant on the phone. __不友好的，冷淡的__ ③Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces. __恍惚的，心不在焉的__ ④When he retired，he tried to distance himself from politics. __使自己与……保持距离__ 【写作佳句】 Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank. 让我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河岸边。 4．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 这些智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们节省能源，并提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。(教材P14) secure　adj. (positioned or fixed firmly and correctly and therefore not likely to move, fall, or break)牢固的；可靠的；安全的(常与from或against连用)；安心的vt. (to obtain or achieve sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort)获得；拴牢；(to make sth safe from being attacked，harmed or lost)保护 (1)a secure job/income 稳定的工作/收入 (2)secure．.. against．.. 保护……使其免于…… secure a job 获得一份工作 (3)securely adv. 安全地；牢靠地 (4)security n. 保护措施；安全(工作) 【活学活用】 (1)By strengthening the river banks, the city secured itself __against__ flood. 通过加固河堤，该城市确保了免受水灾。 (2)You could look for a career in big cities where environmental jobs are better paid and __more_secure__． 你可以在大城市找一份工作，那里有关环境方面的工作薪水更高、更稳定。 (3)单句语法填空 ①Generally speaking, students majoring in liberal arts (文科)have difficulty __securing__ (secure) a job. ②They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport __security__(secure). ③Car makers ought to produce vehicles that are more secure __from/against__ theft. ④He was disappointed by his failure __to_secure___(secure) the job. 【写作佳句】 (1)But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. 但是，规则本身并不能确保一个有序的社会。重要的是遵守规则的人。 (2)He encourages graduates to grab the opportunity to secure a job rather than haggling over salary issues. 他鼓励毕业生们抓住这个机会来获得一份工作，而不是就薪水问题讨价还价。 5．The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy­efficient mode all by itself.未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自己进入节能模式。(教材P14) integrate　vi.& vt. (to combine two or more things so that they work together; to combine with sth else in this way) (使)合并；成为一体；(使)加入，融入群体 (1)integrate (．..) into/with．..(使)……和……合并；(使)……和……结合；使……融入…… (2)integrated adj. 完整统一的；各部分密切协调的；综合的；取消种族隔离的 【活学活用】 (1)It's very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own. 让你自己融入一个与你自己的文化截然不同的社会是非常困难的。 (2)The idea with young children is to integrate learning __into/with__ play. 对幼儿的理念是将学习与玩耍结合起来。 (3)We believe that students of __integrated__(integrate) schools will have more tolerant attitudes. 我们相信在取消种族隔离的学校就读的学生将拥有更加宽容的态度。 (4)单句语法填空 ①We were taught how __to_integrate__ (integrate)computer use into normal classroom procedures. ②He thinks we are living in a fully __integrated__(integrate), supportive society. ③Our programme helps new staff members to integrate themselves __into/with__ the team. 【写作佳句】 Dave seems to find it hard to integrate with his colleagues. 戴夫似乎觉得很难与他的同事打成一片。 6．Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. 你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。(教材P14) routine　n. (a usual or fixed way of doing things)常规；正常顺序 adj. (done as part of what usually happens, and not for any special reason)常规的；日常的；(ordinary and boring)乏味的，平淡的 (1)daily routine 日常生活 a fixed/set routine 固定的常规 follow the routine 遵从惯例 a matter of routine 例行公事 (2)a routine inspection 常规检查 a dull routine question 无聊的常规审问 【活学活用】 (1)He died during a routine operation which went wrong. 他因一次常规手术出错而死亡。 (2)Most companies insure property and equipment against damage or theft as a matter of __routine__． 大多数公司为财产和设备投保，以防损坏或被盗，这是例行公事。 (3)新概念3 This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the__dull_routine__of everyday life. 这总是为他们赢得别人的爱和尊重，因为他们为乏味的日常生活增添了色彩。 【写作佳句】 May Day holiday gives us a break from our daily routine temporarily and shortens/narrows the distance between people. During this beautiful season, flowers blossom and everything brims with vitality, definitely a good time for outings. 五一假期让我们暂时从日常生活中解脱出来，缩短人与人之间的距离。在这个美丽的季节，鲜花盛开，万物充满活力，绝对是郊游的好时机。 preference n．[C，U](if you have a preference for sth, you like it more than another thing and will choose it if you can)爱好；偏爱；优惠，优待；[C]偏爱的事物 (1)have a preference for 偏爱……；更喜欢…… develop a preference for养成对……的偏好 give (a) preference to 给……以优惠/优待 (2)prefer v．更喜欢 prefer A to B　喜欢A胜过喜欢B(to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词) prefer to do/doing sth　更喜欢做某事 prefer doing A to doing B　宁愿做A而不愿做B prefer to do A rather than do B　宁愿做A而不愿做B 【活学活用】 (1)As far as I'm concerned, I __have_a_preference_for__ the interesting stories behind it.(用名词preference) 就我而言，我更喜欢它背后有趣的故事。 (2)We __give_(a)_preference_to__those who have a good knowledge of first aid. 我们优先考虑那些掌握急救知识的人。 (3)By three months, infants __develop_a_preference_for__looking more at a person's eyes than other parts of the face. 当长到三个月大的时候，婴儿们倾向于看一个人的眼睛多于看他脸上的其他部分。 (4)单句语法填空 ①He is keen on all kinds of new things and particularly has a __preference__ (prefer) for computers. ②I prefer __shutting__(shut) myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. ③Customers in fine dining shops prefer __to_stay/staying__(stay) longer. ④On Sundays he prefers __to_stay__(stay) at home rather than __go__(go) out to play with his brother. 【写作佳句】 When it comes to my arrangements for the summer holiday, I prefer to go travelling rather than stay at home. 当谈及我的暑假安排时，我宁愿去旅游而不愿待在家里。 7．Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door．.. 你一进家门，灯就会亮起……(教材P14) instant　n.(an extremely short period of time)瞬间；片刻 adj.(happening immediately, without any delay)立即的；(instant food or drink is dried, usually in the form of a powder, and can be prepared very quickly by adding hot water)速食的；速溶的 (1)for an instant一瞬间(指动作持续的时间) in an instant立即，马上(指动作不久将发生) the instant (that) 一……就……(用作连词) (2)instant coffee速溶咖啡 instant noodles方便面 (3)instantly(相当于immediately或directly) adv.立即，马上 【归纳拓展】 “一……就……”的其他表达方式： on/upon＋doing/名词 as soon as the moment/minute．.. no sooner．..than．.. hardly/scarcely．..when．.. 【活学活用】 (1)The show was an instant success. 演出一炮打响。 (2)This type of account offers you __instant__ access to your money. 这种账户允许随时支取存款。 (3)We shouted in the valley, and __in_an_instant__， the echo came from the hillside with great distinctness. 我们在山谷里大喊，不一会儿，回声从山坡上清晰地传来。 (4)I detected two obvious mistakes __instantly__ when I saw the article. 我看这篇文章时，立刻发现了两个明显的错误。 (5)I recognised her __the__ instant she took off her sunglasses. 她一摘下墨镜我就认出她来了。 【写作佳句】 The instant I saw a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement. ＝On seeing a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement. ＝Hardly had I seen a frightening bear biting our wire fence when I held my breath，not daring to make a movement. 一看到可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。 8．All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.所有的控制(操纵装置)都会响应语音指令，因此如果你想改变你的习惯，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。(教材P14) command　n．[C](an order that should be obeyed) 指令；命令；[U](control and authority over a situation or a group of people)控制；[U](knowledge of sth, or ability to use sth)掌握；运用能力 vt.(to give sb an order)命令；控制 (1)have a good command of 掌握/精通…… (be) at sb's command 听候某人的吩咐；服从某人的支配；娴熟，运用自如 take/in command of　控制…… be in command of oneself　能够控制自己(指情绪、思想) (2)command sb to do sth　命令某人做某事 command that．..(should) do．.. 命令……(应该)做…… 【活学活用】 (1)Applicants will be expected__to_have_a_good_command_of__computer skills. 申请人必须掌握电脑技能。 (2)As a writer, she has both style and humour __at__her command.作为一名作家，她对文体和幽默都能运用自如。 (3)单句语法填空 ①The general commanded his soldiers __to_advance__(advance) even farther. ②The boss commanded that his workers__(should)_not_leave__ (not, leave) their office before dark. ③He hated being in the army because he had to obey __commands__(command). ④He looked relaxed and totally __in__command of himself. 【写作佳句】 The outgoing and warm­hearted personality as well as my good command of spoken English will contribute to my smooth communication with foreigners. 外向、热心的性格加上我良好的英语口语能力将有助于我与外国人的顺利交流。 obey　 vt. & vi. (to act according to what you have been asked or ordered to do by sb in authority，or to behave according to a rule, law or instruction)服从；遵守 (1)obey a command/an order 服从命令 obey rules/the law 遵守规则/法律 (2)disobey vt. & vi.不服从；不遵守 【活学活用】 (1)“Sit！” he said, and the dog __obeyed__ (obey) him instantly. 他说：“坐下！” 那只狗马上就服从了。 (2)Whoever __disobeys__ (obey) the traffic regulations shall be punished. 不论谁违反交通法规都要受到惩罚。 【写作佳句】 She was so tired that her legs just wouldn't obey her any longer. 她疲惫不堪，再也迈不动腿了。 9．．.. your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. ……你的智能家居将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。(教材P15) relevant adj. (connected with what is happening or being discussed)有关的；有意义的 (1)be relevant to与……有关的 (2)relevance n．相关性；意义 have (no) relevance to．.. 和……无/有关 (3)relevantly adv.有关联地 (4)irrelevant adj.无关紧要的，不相干的 be irrelevant to．.. 与……无关 【活学活用】 (1)For further information, please refer to the relevant leaflet. 欲知详情，请参阅相关的传单。 (2)Apparently，what we are discussing should __be_relevant_to__the subject. 显然，我们正在讨论的内容应该与主题相关。 (3)单句语法填空 ①Politicians' private lives have no __relevance__(relevant) to their public roles. ②Education should be relevant__to__students' needs. ③If you are going to quote Shakespeare, at least try and do it __relevantly__(relevant). ④When searching for something online, people are easily carried away by __irrelevant__(relevant)information and forget their original plan. 【写作佳句】 When writing your composition, make sure that your views are closely relevant to the topic. 写作文时，要确保你的观点与主题密切相关。 10．Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.智能马桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。(教材P15) keep track of 记录……；与……保持联系；了解……的动态 lose track of 不了解……的动态；与……失去联系 (be) on the right/wrong track 思路正确/错误；做法对路/不对路 get off the track 偏离正题；离题 【活学活用】 (1)It was a very effective way for them__to_keep_track_of__their spending. 对他们来说，这是一种非常有效的记录开销的方法。 (2)I have downloaded an app __to_keep_track_of__my own daily routine. 我下载了一个应用程序来记录我自己的日常生活。 (3)Don't__get_off_the_track__. We are looking at this year's figures, not last year's. 别偏离正题。我们正在看今年的数据，不是去年的。 (4)Guests are returning in increasing numbers—a sure sign that we are __on_the_right_track__. 回头客越来越多——一个我们做得对的确凿迹象。 【写作佳句】 It is a good idea to make a practical exercise plan and stick to it, which can keep us on the right track. 制订一个切实可行的锻炼计划并坚持下去是个好主意，这样可以让我们保持在正确的轨道上。 11．This way, you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire. 这样，你就能在房子被淹或着火之前解决这个问题。(教材P15) catch fire着火(表动作) 【归纳拓展】 be on fire 着火(表状态)；在燃烧 set fire to/set sth on fire 使某物燃烧；纵火焚烧某物 make a fire 生火 put out a fire 灭火 【活学活用】 (1)There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy __to_catch_fire__. 森林中有厚厚的一层树叶，它们是非常容易着火的。 (2)They gathered a bundle of dry wood, piled it up at the foot of the pine, and__set_fire_to__it. 他们捡了一捆干柴，把它堆在松树下，然后点了火。 (3)One way __to_put_out_a_fire__ is to remove the supply of oxygen. 灭火的一种方法是断绝氧气的供应。 【写作佳句】 For reasons which are not yet known, the factory caught fire late yesterday evening. 这家工厂昨天深夜起火，原因尚不清楚。 12．Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.许多这样的新发明已经可用并正在一些家庭中使用。(教材P15) available adj. (able to be bought, used, or reached)可获得的；可购得的；(sb who is available is not busy and has enough time to talk to you)(人)有空的 (1)be available to sb/for sth可供某人/某物使用 be available to do sth 有空做某事 (2)available resources/information/time 可利用的资源/信息/时间 available opportunities/options 可获得的机会/选择 【活学活用】 (1)Do you have double rooms available this weekend? 你们本周末有双人房吗？ (2)Admission tickets for all the attractions in the amusement park__are_available__. 游乐园中所有景点的门票都可以买到。 (3)It is vital that food should be made __available_to__ the people suffering from the famine. 遭受饥荒的人有食物吃是至关重要的。 (4)单句语法填空 ①I'm afraid I'm not available __to_help__(help) with the show on the 19th. ②There's no money available __for__ an office party this year. ③Access to this website is only available __to__ registered users. 【写作佳句】 At length, I'd like to inquire if there is any discount available on entrance tickets for students. 最后，我想询问一下学生门票是否有任何折扣。 13．In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. 从这种意义上来讲，明天的家已经是今天的家了。 (教材P15) in this sense (in．..sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 【归纳拓展】 (1)make sense 有意义，讲得通；有道理 make sense of弄懂，理解(不易理解的事物) make no sense没道理；没意义 (2)in a sense从某种意义上来讲 in no sense绝不(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构) (3)common sense常识 (4)a sense of belonging/humour/direction/duty归属感/幽默感/方向感/责任感 (5)There's no sense in doing sth. 做某事是不明智的。 【活学活用】 (1)In this sense, we have the virus cornered as never before. 从这种意义上来讲，我们已经把该病毒逼到了前所未有的绝境。 (2)__In_a_sense__， it is these passengers that are to blame for the accident. 从某种意义上来讲，是这些乘客应该对这次事故负责。 (3)There is no sense in __buying__ (buy) that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 这些便宜的外套也一样好，买那么昂贵的是不明智的。 (4)__In_no_sense__ can the issue be said to be solved.绝不能说这个问题得到了解决。 【写作佳句】 There are so many new phrases in the passage that I can't make sense of it. 这篇文章里有这么多新词组以至于我不能理解它。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 这些智能家居将保障我们的安全，为我们节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。(教材P14) 句型公式： 动词不定式短语to live in作后置定语，修饰environment。 句型解读： 动词不定式作后置定语时，修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的此类名词有ability、 chance、 ambition、 offer、 anxiety、decision、 permission、 attempt、 belief等。 (1)如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式表示的动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。 He has a nice pen to write with. 他有一支用来写字的好钢笔。 He is a pleasant fellow to work with. 他是个很好共事的人。 She bought a bookshelf to put her books on. 她买了一个放书的书架。 (2)如果被修饰词是 time、place 或 way，不定式后的介词习惯上可以省略。 They found no place to stay (in) for the night. 他们没有找到过夜的地方。 【活学活用】 (1)Volunteering gives you a chance__to_change__ others' life, including your own. 志愿者活动给了你一个改变别人的人生的机会，包括你自己的(人生)。 (2)The ability__to_express_an_idea__ is as important as the idea itself. 表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。 (3)单句语法填空 ①He gradually found himself __to_be_completed__ (enjoy) this game. ②Do you have anything __to_say__ (say) about the question? ③You should grasp the ability __to_solve__(solve) the complex problems. ④None of our attempts __to_contact__(contact) Dr James was successful. ⑤The youth found it a hard problem __to_think__(think) about. 【写作佳句】 Her anxiety to succeed led her to work hard. 她想成功的渴望促使她努力工作。 2．．..you will find your dinner already prepared for you. ……你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。(教材P14) 句型公式： find＋宾语＋宾补 句型解读： 在find your dinner already prepared 结构中，dinner 与 prepare 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词 prepared作宾补。 “find＋宾语＋宾补”结构表示“发现……处于某状态/正在做某事/已经被做”。 【归纳拓展】 find的用法： (1)find＋宾语＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 【活学活用】 (1)He found his father__in_heavy_debt__by chance. 他偶然发现他的父亲负债累累。 (2)The two brothers found Henry __a_penniless_man/penniless__． 兄弟俩发现亨利身无分文。 (3)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves__lost__for words. 即便是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己表达不出来。 (4)When the poor girl came to life, she found herself__lying__in a strange room. 当这个可怜的小女孩苏醒时，她发现自己躺在一个陌生的房间里。 (5) 单句填空 ①He gradually found himself __enjoying__(enjoy) this game. ②If you go to the Palace Museum, you'll find many Chinese treasures __exhibited__(exhibit) there. ③I hope to find you __in_better_spirits__(心情更好， spirit) when we meet again. 【写作佳句】 I hope you can find my suggestions useful and wish you big progress in Chinese. 我希望我的建议对你有用，并祝你的汉语取得巨大进步。 3．Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。(教材P15) 句型公式： “It will take/be＋时间段＋before＋句子(一般现在时)”表示“过了……之后才……”，其中before引导时间状语从句。 句型解读： (1)before用作连词时，还表示“在……之前；还没来得及…… 就……”。Before I could say a word, she had stormed out of the room. 我还没来得及说话，她就冲出了房间。 (2)“It＋be＋时间段＋before．..”句型，意为“在……之后才……”。如果主句中用否定式，则表示“不多久……就……”。 It won't be long before they understand each other.他们不久就会互相了解的。 (3)before还有“趁……(还没有)”之意。 You'd better write the phrases down before you forget them. 趁着你还没有忘，你最好把这些词组写下来。 before用作介词时，表示“在……之前”，后接名词、代词(宾格)或动名词作宾语。 We must stop and rest before going any farther. 我们必须停下来休息一下再前进。 【活学活用】 (1)It was some time __before__ I realised the truth. 过了一段时间之后我才悟出真相。 (2)It will take a long time __before__ he recovers from the operation. 要过很长一段时间，他才能从手术中恢复过来。 (3)They are thinking of buying the house __before__ the house prices go up. 他们正考虑在房价上涨之前买房子。 (4)She had to give the doorman a tip __before__ he would help her with her suitcases. 门卫帮她提手提箱前，她必须给门卫小费。 【写作佳句】 He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. 他告诉我直升机已经在赶来的路上了，但还要30分钟才能到。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$