高效作业24 Unit 5 Period Ⅳ Writing-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固PPT课件（人教版2019）

高效作业24 [Period Ⅳ　Writing] Unit 5　Working the Land 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅰ.阅读理解 [2024·衡水中学检测] The farms of the future may look very different from those of today. That’s because farms do not have to be outside anymore. They also won’t have to be above ground. In London, 100 feet below the streets there was a huge empty space. Richard Ballard and Steven Dring, founders of the company Growing Underground, thought it would be an ideal spot to build a hydroponic farm. After all, these types of farms are doing well in other indoor spaces. Founded in 2015, Growing Underground’s farm grows microgreens and salad leaves using hydroponic technology that grows plants in water but not soil. In fact, the company said that its hydroponic technology allows for the perfect pest­-free growing environment. These methods save 70 percent less water than traditional field agriculture and all the nutrients are kept within a closed circle system. They can grow the greens all year round because they are not affected by weather or growing seasons. But it is the LED lighting system that is the key to growing food underground. Ballard said, “Already, LEDs allow the growers to change the flavour of the greens, as their sugars and starches develop differently under different light spectrums(光谱).” Right now, the company only sells greens with a lot of leaves because they are the only crops that grow fast enough to be economically feasible but Ballard believes that will change. “As technologies improve, you’ll see soft fruits, cucumbers and peppers，” he said. The company’s goal is to keep food local. They say that all of the greens can be in your kitchen within four hours of being picked. They currently sell them to local restaurants in London, but they hope to be entering the local groceries soon. (　　　)1．What makes the underground farm possible? A．The empty space. B．The great demand for fruits. C．The hydroponic technology. D．The good weather condition. C (　　　)2．What is the function of the LED lighting system? A．To get rid of pests. B．To make use of solar energy. C．To allow greens to grow rapidly. D．To provide various light spectrums. (　　　)3．What does the underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Difficult. B．Common. C．Impossible. D．Achievable. D D (　　　)4．What does the company expect of the underground farm? A．It’ll benefit more customers. B．It’ll be environment­friendly. C．It’ll keep food fresher for longer. D．It’ll introduce more advanced technologies. 【语篇解读】文章介绍了“地下生长”公司利用水培技术建设地下农场的相关信息。 A 1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Richard Ballard and Steven Dring, founders of the company Growing Underground, thought it would be an ideal spot to build a hydroponic farm. After all, these types of farms are doing well in other indoor spaces.(’地下生长’公司的创始人理查德·巴拉德和史蒂文·德林认为这里是建造水培农场的理想地点。毕竟，这些类型的农场在其他室内空间做得很好。)”和第二段中“Founded in 2015, Growing Underground’s farm grows microgreens and salad leaves using hydroponic technology that grows plants in water but not soil.(’地下生长’农场成立于2015年，使用水培技术种植微型蔬菜和沙拉叶，这种技术在水中而不是在土壤中种植植物。)”可知，水培技术让植物种植不再依赖于土壤，所以也是水培技术让地下农场成为可能。故选C。 2．D　 细节理解题。根据第四段中巴拉德说的话“Already, LEDs allow the growers to change the flavour of the greens, as their sugars and starches develop differently under different light spectrums(光谱).(LED已经允许种植者改变绿色蔬菜的味道，因为它们的糖和淀粉在不同的光谱下会产生不同的变化。)”可知，LED照明系统的功能是提供不同的光谱，进而影响绿色蔬菜中的糖和淀粉含量。故选D。 3．D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Right now, the company only sells greens with a lot of leaves because they are the only crops that grow fast enough to be economically feasible but Ballard believes that will change.(目前，该公司只销售有很多叶子的蔬菜，因为它们是唯一一种生长速度足够快、经济上feasible的作物，但巴拉德相信这种情况会改变。)”中“only sells greens with a lot of leaves”和“the only crops that grow fast enough”可推知，该公司只销售有很多叶子的蔬菜的原因是它们生长速度足够快，从经济效益上来说是“切实可行的”。画线词feasible与achievable同义，意为“可达到的；可实现的”。故选D。 4．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“They currently sell them to local restaurants in London, but they hope to be entering the local groceries soon.(目前，他们把它们卖给伦敦当地的餐馆，但他们希望很快就能进入当地的食品杂货店。)”可知，该公司希望他们的产品能进入当地的食品杂货店，这样就能使更多的客户受益。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 [2024·北仑中学检测] In 2019, Gotham Greens opened its 9，300­square­-metre Baltimore farm on the former site of Bethlehem Steel. 1._____ It aimed to repurpose unused rooftop spaces and abandoned factories for food production. Urban populations are projected to increase by 2.5 billion by 2050.2._____ But despite the rise in city­-based farms, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them, including the economic and environmental costs. 1 2 3 4 5 D B Florian Payen, an environmental scientist, and his colleagues looked at previous studies done in 53 countries where crops were grown in different urban environments, including “grey” spaces such as rooftops, and by using different growing methods. They found that yields of urban crops were often the same as those from conventional farms. Just as importantly, they revealed the most commonly-­grown types of crops and the most effective growing methods. 3._____ G It’s known that the benefit of urban farming is a reduction in food miles.4._____ In one study, researchers analysed the carbon footprint of different vegetables grown in greenhouses in Canada and that of the importing vegetables from the USA.“They found that it was less carbon­intensive to import the crops because of the high energy input required to grow them locally in greenhouses，” says Payen. 5．_____ Urban agriculture has the potential to enhance local ecosystems, attracting pollinators(传粉昆虫) such as bees and birds that boost urban biodiversity while providing more green spaces to help keep cities cool and counter the urban heat island effect. F A A．But there are other benefits. B．Urban agriculture can help feed our growing cities. C． It’s well worth investing in rooftop gardens or greenhouses. D． The farm was one of the farms the company had set up in cities. E．Urban agriculture in any given city can take lots of different forms. F．However, urban­grown crops aren’t a more environmentally friendly option. G． Surprisingly, they found little difference in overall yields between indoor and outdoor spaces. 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了都市农业的建立和优缺点。 1．D　根据空前“In 2019, Gotham Greens opened its 9，300­square­metre Baltimore farm on the former site of Bethlehem Steel.(2019年，Gotham Greens在之前的伯利恒钢铁公司旧址上开设了一个9 300平方米的巴尔的摩农场。)”和空后“It aimed to repurpose unused rooftop spaces and abandoned factories for food production.(它旨在将未使用的屋顶空间和废弃的工厂重新用于食品生产。)”可知，D项“The farm was one of the farms the company had set up in cities.(这个农场是这个公司在城市建立的农场之一。)”符合语境，该选项中的the company指代空前的Gotham Greens，空后的it指代该选项中的the farm。故选D。 2．B　根据空前的“Urban populations are projected to increase by 2.5 billion by 2050.(预计到2050年，城市人口将增加到25亿。)”可知，空前提到城市人口的增加，B项“Urban agriculture can help feed our growing cities.(都市农业可以帮助养活我们不断发展的城市。)”在语义上承接上文，都市农业可以帮助养活我们不断发展的城市。故选B。 3．G　根据空前“They found that yields of urban crops were often the same as those from conventional farms. Just as importantly, they revealed the most commonly­grown types of crops and the most effective growing methods.(他们发现，城市农作物的产量通常与传统农场相同。同样重要的是，他们揭示了最常见的作物类型和最有效的种植方法。)”可知，空前提到环境学家们研究的结果发现，G项“Surprisingly, they found little difference in overall yields between indoor and outdoor spaces.(令人惊讶的是，他们发现室内和室外场地的总产量几乎没有差异。)”符合语境，为上文提到的研究结果之一。故选G。 4．F　根据空前“It’s known that the benefit of urban farming is a reduction in food miles.”和空后内容可知，空前提到的了都市农业的好处是减少食物的里程；空后提道：研究发现，进口这些农作物的碳密集度较低，因为在当地温室种植的这些作物需要高能量的投入，因此F项“However, urban­grown crops aren’t a more environmentally friendly option.(然而，城市种植的农作物并不是一个更环保的选择。)”符合语境，与上文在语义上存在转折关系，且该选项中的aren’t a more environmentally friendly option与下文中的the high energy input required to grow them locally in greenhouses相对应。故选F。 5．A　空处位于句首，为本段的主题句。空后主要介绍了都市农业的好处，即有潜力改善当地的生态系统，吸引传粉昆虫，比如蜜蜂和鸟类，它们促进了城市生物的多样性，同时提供了更多的绿地，帮助城市保持凉爽，对抗城市热岛效应。因此A项“But there are other benefits.(但还有其他的好处。)”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Meeting your family’s nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today’s busy lifestyle. But it doesn’t have to 1 . Even a new emphasis 2 more fruit and vegetables doesn’t necessarily mean more preparation time if you 3 the convenience of canned food. 1 2 3 4 5 When you open a 4 of fruit or vegetables at home, you have fresh packed nutritional produce at hand, with no man­made ingredients and no preservatives. And all the work has been 5 for you: the slicing, the peeling，and even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables leave you the 6 to be creative. And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days, you can serve different combinations, create new dishes, and 7 new tastes to old recipes. Canned food is good as well. A co­-sponsored study by the United States Department of Agriculture and National Nutritional Foods Association shows that canned vegetables are just as 8 as fresh or frozen ones. Because canned vegetables are 9 within hours of being packed, they generally retain 70 to 90 percent of their nutrients. Fruit and vegetable canning is as 10 as your grandmother stores up tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh produce is taken from the field at just the right time, 11 to the cannery, checked, washed, sealed, and sterilised(给……杀菌). All this generally 12 in less than 24 hours to 13 the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives. Use the liquids that vegetables are 14 in as a substitute for water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition. Most major brands of canned fruit and vegetables include nutritional 15 and ingredient statements on their labels. This is especially important to those on calorie-­conscious or restricted diets. (　　　)1．A．do B．seem C．be D．need (　　　)2．A．to B．on C．about D．over (　　　)3．A．pay attention to B．get hold of C．take advantage of D．have faith in (　　　)4．A．bowl B．can C．bottle D．box C B C B (　　　)5．A．done B．drew C．designed D．arranged (　　　)6．A．demand B．time C．patience D．place (　　　)7．A．increase B．decrease C．put D．add (　　　)8．A．colourful B．bad C．good D．eco­friendly A B D C (　　　)9．A．cooked B．fried C．processed D．boiled (　　　)10．A．simple B．complex C．quick D．convenient (　　　)11．A．bought B．delivered C．brought D．presented (　　　)12．A．comes B．goes C．happens D．takes C A B C (　　　)13．A．ensure B．remain C．promote D．produce (　　　)14．A．put B．stored C．canned D．buried (　　　)15．A．task B．content C．detail D．percentage 【语篇解读】本文主要说明了罐装食品的优势及制作过程等。 A C B 1．C　根据上文中的“Meeting your family’s nutritional needs may seem difficult”可知，空处所在句子表示“满足家人的营养需求不需要这么难(Meeting your family’s nutritional needs doesn’t have to be difficult)”。故选C。 2．B　如果你能充分利用罐装食品的便利，即使强调更多的水果和蔬菜并不一定意味着更多的准备时间。 emphasis意为“强调”，常与介词on连用。故选B。 3．C　根据语境可知，如果你充分利用罐装食品的便利，就不需要更多的准备时间。 take advantage of意为“利用”，符合与语境。A. pay attention to注意；B. get hold of抓住；D. have faith in相信。故选C。 4．B　根据第一段最后一句中的“canned food”和文章主要讲述罐装食物可知，此处选can。故选B。 5．A　所有的工作都已经为你做好了。 do work意为“做工作”，此处用的被动形式。故选A。 6．B　罐装水果和蔬菜会给你发挥创造力的时间。故选B。 7．D　现在有了各种各样的水果和蔬菜，你可以提供不同的组合，创造新的菜肴，给旧食谱添加新的口味。故选D。 8．C　根据下文中的“Because canned vegetables are __9__ within hours of being packed, they generally retain 70 to 90 percent of their nutrients.”可知，此处指罐装蔬菜和新鲜蔬菜或冷冻蔬菜一样好。故选C。 9．C　罐装蔬菜在包装后几小时内就进行了加工，所以它们通常保留了70%到90%的营养成分。故选C。 10．A　根据空后的“your grandmother stores up tomatoes and other things from the garden.”可知，水果和蔬菜罐头跟你奶奶贮存菜园里的西红柿和其他东西一样简单。A. simple简单的；B. complex复杂的；C. quick快的；D. convenient方便的。故选A。 11．B　新鲜的农产品在恰当的时间从田里采摘，运送到罐头厂，检查、清洗、密封和杀菌。A. buy买；B. deliver运送；C. bring带来；D. present展示。故选B。 12．C　这一切通常发生在24小时内。故选C。 13．A　这一切通常发生在24小时内以确保最好的质量和营养价值，而不需要任何防腐剂。A. ensure确保；B. remain保持；C. promote提升；D. produce产生。故选A。 14．C　用罐装蔬菜的液体替代食谱中的水以获得最后一滴好的营养。A. put放置；B. store贮存；C. can把(食品)装罐保存；D. bury埋葬。故选C。 15．B　大多数大品牌的罐装水果和蔬菜的标签上都有关于营养含量和原料的说明。A. task任务；B. content含量；C. detail细节；D. percentage百分比。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Agricultural experts say crop diversity is important to feed the 1．______________(increase) population of our planet. They say having a large variety of plants also 2．_________(help) to protect the planet against possible crop diseases and future crises. But many experts say 3．_______ number has decreased sharply in the past century. 1 2 3 4 5 increasing helps the One of the world’s 4．___________(large) seed conservation projects has predicted further losses. The Millennium Seed Bank is warning that up to 100，000 plant species could 5．_______________ (permanent) disappear. The rich collection of genes 6．______________ decide their qualities would disappear with them. largest permanently that/which Many experts blame climate change and the loss of habitat for damaging plant life. They say human 7．______________(activity) and the poorly planned, overly heavy use of land are also responsible. Some experts say the use of modern commercial farming methods saved millions of people from starvation. Farmers planted, irrigated, and fertilised their crops 8．________ the help of machines. They treated their fields with chemicals 9．____________(control) diseases and insects. Harvests were larger and the quality was higher, 10．_____________ another result was that some traditional crops were lost. activities with to control to control 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了农作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要，但是有很多植物正在消失。 1．increasing　考查形容词。句意：农业专家说农作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。此处应用提示词的形容词形式来修饰名词，根据句意可知，此处表示“不断增长的”。故填increasing。 2．helps　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们说，拥有大量种类的植物还有助于保护地球防止可能的作物病害和未来的危机。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语为动名词短语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填helps。 3．the　考查冠词。句意：但是许多专家说这个数字在过去的一个世纪急剧下降。此处特指上文提到的植物种类的数量。故填the。 4．largest　考查形容词最高级。句意：世界上最大的种子保护项目之一预计损失将进一步扩大。根据one of可知，此处用形容词的最高级形式，表示“最大的种子保护项目之一”。故填largest。 5．permanently　考查副词。句意：千年种子银行警告称，多达10万种植物物种可能会永久消失。disappear是动词，空处应该填提示词的副词形式。故填permanently。 6．that/which　考查定语从句。句意：决定它们品质的丰富的基因集合将随着它们一起消失。空处引导定语从句，先行词genes指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 7．activities　考查名词的数。句意：他们说，人类活动和规划不周、过度使用土地也是罪魁祸首。此处用名词作主语，且activity在表示“(为达到一定的目的而进行的)活动”时是可数名词，空前无冠词等限定词修饰。故填activities。 8. with　考查介词。句意：农民在机器的帮助下种植、灌溉和施肥。此处用介词构成固定短语with the help of，表示“在……的帮助下”。故填with。 9．to control　考查非谓语动词。句意：他们用化学药品来防治病害和昆虫。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to control。 10．but/while/yet　考查连词。句意：收成越来越大，质量越来越高，但另一个结果是一些传统作物消失了。此处上下文之间是转折关系。故填but或while或yet。 Ⅴ.应用文写作 请以“Plastic or Cloth Bags？”为题，写一篇英语短文，要点包括： 1．塑料袋造成白色污染；很难分解；导致癌症或其他疾病；2．布袋的优点；3．你的倡议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 1 2 3 4 5 One possible version： _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Plastic or Cloth Bags? Plastic bags are very common in our daily life. However, we find that they can cause damage to the environment，and even worse, to people’s health． What are some of the problems caused by plastic bags? First, people often throw plastic bags here and there, making white pollution. Second, it takes a long time for plastic bags to break up. Last but not least, when burned, plastic bags can produce something harmful, which can build up in our body and eventually lead to cancer or other illnesses. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hence, we are beginning to turn to cloth bags. They can be used many times. It is also a good idea to make some by ourselves, which is interesting. Let’s use cloth bags in our daily life instead of plastic bags for the sake of the environment and our health. 感谢聆听，再见！ $$