高效作业8 Unit 2 Period Ⅲ Using Language-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固PPT课件（人教版2019）

高效作业8 [Period Ⅲ　Using Language] Unit 2　Looking into the Future 1 2 3 4 5 6 [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Many people from r______ areas went to cities in search of work. 2．What’s more, we should keep a balance between work and relaxation for the b________ of our health. 3．For homework I want you to write an e______ on how to integrate individuals’ values with society’s needs. 4．She was just told she failed her exams. H______she is in a bad mood. 5．Be realistic. You should c______worrying about things that are beyond the power of your will. ural enefit ssay ence ease 6．I took up this new job because I felt that the career _____________(前景) were much better. 7．A week by the sea is a __________(奢侈) they can no longer afford. 8．You should thank those who __________(反对) you because they give you an unusual opportunity for growth. 9．He _______________________(提倡) freedom of thought and of personal expression. 10．This food contains no ______________(人造的) flavourings and it tastes yummy. prospects luxury oppose advocated/advocates artificial Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Oil prices ________________(forecast) to increase by less than 2% this year. 2．I think we should put as much ____________(emphasise) on preventing disease as we do on curing it. 3．Human exploration of space never seems ____________(cease). 4．In the ___________(absent) of any evidence，the police had to let Tom go. 1 2 3 4 5 6 are forecast emphasis to cease absence 5．At first he was___________(oppose) to the plan, but we managed to argue him into accepting it. 6． His son is always making trouble. That’s why he couldn’t resist _______________(criticise) him. 7． It is strongly advocated that many long­standing traditions _________ ________________(preserve) despite the change of modern values. 8．Nobody believed his ______________(predict) then but later it turned out to be true. opposed criticising (should) be preserved prediction 9．After a final search on the beach, they began to count the ___________ (decease) and missing. 10．You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and ______________(occupy). deceased occupation Ⅲ.短语填空 1．Some students are ______________(反对) the decision and think that it will limit their freedom. 2． As a professor of biology，it is important to _____________________ (了解) the latest research. 3． _____________________(没有) water and air, nothing could live. 4．He always prefers to start early _______________(而不是) leave everything to the last minute. 5．They advocate a simple life with __________________(强调) hard work, family and community. 1 2 3 4 5 6 opposed to keep in touch with In the absence of rather than an emphasis on Ⅳ.完成句子 1．布赖森决定辞职而不是接受新规定。 Bryson decided to quit_______________ accept the new rules. 2．这些睡前活动让孩子们都变得很兴奋，使他们很难平静下来睡觉。(make 的复合结构) These activities before bedtime can get kids all excited and ____________ ________________calm down and sleep. 1 2 3 4 5 6 rather than make it hard for them to 3．动物保护者主张政府应该建立一个特殊的组织来保护这些候鸟。 Animal activists advocate that the government ___________________ a special organisation to protect these migrating birds. (should) set up Ⅴ.阅读理解 A [2024·金陵中学检测] Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer­driven cars may soon be filling roads near you. Companies like Google and Tesla have been designing and testing such cars. They just need to run final tests to make sure whether they can run alongside human­driven cars on the road. 1 2 3 4 5 6 [话题语篇提升] The cars have sensors all around which can detect other cars and blocks on the road. Sensors on the wheels help when parking, so the car knows how far it is from the edge of the road or other parked cars. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems(卫星导航系统) are used so the car knows how to get to your destination. All you have to do is type in the address! Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information it receives from the sensors and cameras and uses this to work out when to stop and speed up. Sounds like your idea of heaven? Sitting back, looking out of the windows and watching a film while driving would be possible with this new technology. Computers would drive more safely than people—they don’t get disturbed by phones or talking, they would obey the speed limit and have quicker reaction in case of an emergency. However, driverless cars have many disadvantages. Computers would have difficulty making some decisions: if a child ran into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn quickly and potentially kill the car’s passengers? And should children, or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Besides these questions, many people may lose their jobs. For example, bus, taxi, train and tram drivers, as well as driving instructors. I don’t really want a driverless car—but it is only a matter of time before ordinary people will be able to afford them. (　　　)1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．How a driverless car works. B．What we need to drive a driverless car. C．The tests a driverless car needs to pass. D．The advantages of a driverless car. (　　　)2．What does the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Attract. B．Help. C．Discover. D．Disturb. A C (　　　)3．From the text we can learn that the driverless car ________． A．can run faster than a traditional one B．is suitable for a child to sit in it alone C．has been used in many areas in the world D．has many problems not yet solved (　　　)4．What is the author’s attitude towards the driverless car? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Doubtful. D C 【语篇解读】本文介绍了无人驾驶汽车的功能和优势，并分析了它的一些缺点。 1．A　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The cars have sensors all around which can detect other cars and blocks on the road.(汽车全身都有传感器，可以检测到道路上的其他车辆和障碍物。)”、“Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems(卫星导航系统) are used so the car knows how to get to your destination.(路标由摄像头读取，而且使用了卫星导航系统以便汽车知道如何到达目的地。)”和“Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information it receives from the sensors and cameras and uses this to work out when to stop and speed up.(最后，中央计算机系统接收来自传感器和摄像头的所有信息，并利用这些信息来确定何时停止和加速。)”可知，第二段介绍了无人驾驶汽车的传感器、摄像头和卫星导航系统、中央计算机系统所具有的功能，即分析了无人驾驶汽车的工作原理。故选A。 2．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Sensors on the wheels help when parking, so the car knows how far it is from the edge of the road or other parked cars.(车轮上的传感器有助于停车，这样汽车就知道自己离路边或其他停放的汽车有多远。)”可知，汽车上的传感器有助于判断和路边以及其他车辆之间的距离。由此可推知，汽车全身的传感器可以发现路上的其他车辆和障碍物。所以画线词detect意为“发现”，和discover的意思相近。故选C。 3．D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, driverless cars have many disadvantages.(然而，无人驾驶汽车有很多缺点。)”和“Computers would have difficulty making some decisions (电脑在做出一些决定时会有困难)”可知，无人驾驶汽车有一些缺点，这些缺点是电脑本身的问题所导致的。再根据第一段中的“They just need to run final tests to make sure whether they can run alongside human­driven cars on the road.(它们只需要进行最后的测试，以确定它们是否可以在路上与人类驾驶的汽车并排行驶。)”可知，目前这些车还在测试阶段。由此可推知，无人驾驶汽车的缺点还没有得到解决。故选D。 4．C　推理判断题。 根据全文内容可知，作者介绍了无人驾驶汽车的优点和缺点，通过最后一段可知，作者虽然不喜欢无人驾驶汽车，但认为普通人买得起无人驾驶汽车只是个时间问题，因此作者对无人驾驶汽车持客观的态度。故选C。 B One reason why robots will never fully measure up to people is that they lack human-­like social skills. But researchers are experimenting with new methods to give robots social skills to better interact(互动) with humans. The experiment was carried out by researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The team developed a machine learning system for self­-driving vehicles that is designed to learn the social characteristics of other drivers. The researchers studied driving situations to learn how other drivers on the road were likely to behave. Since not all human drivers act the same way, the data was meant to teach the driverless car to elude dangerous situations. The researchers say the technology uses tools borrowed from the field of social psychology. In this experiment, scientists created a system that attempted to decide whether a person’s driving style is more selfish or selfless. In road tests, self­-driving vehicles equipped with the system improved their ability to predict what other drivers would do by up to 25 percent. In one test, the self­-driving car was observed making a left­hand turn. The study found the system could cause the vehicle to wait before making the turn if it predicted the oncoming drivers acted selfishly and might be unsafe. But when the oncoming vehicles were judged to be selfless, the self­driving car could make the turn without delay because it saw less risk of unsafe behaviour. The MIT team plans to expand its research model to include other things that a self­-driving vehicle might need to deal with. These include predictions about people walking around traffic, as well as bicycles and other things found in driving environments. The researchers believe the technology could also be used in vehicles with human drivers. It could act as a warning system against other drivers judged to be behaving badly. (　　　)5．What is the purpose of the experiment? A．To reduce human drivers’ mistakes. B．To develop a machine learning system. C．To give robots human-­like social skills. D．To prove robots can never replace humans. (　　　)6．What does the underlined word “elude” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Avoid. B．Monitor. C．Investigate. D．Record. C A (　　　)7．What caused the self­-driving car to wait or turn quickly? A．The traffic lights. B．The road markings. C．The human drivers’ directions. D．The oncoming drivers’ driving styles. D (　　　)8．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．More traffic participants will be involved in the research. B．Walkers and cyclists will be invited to join in the project. C．New rules will be developed for road users. D．Human drivers will make way for robots. 【语篇解读】文章说明了研究人员正在试验新方法，让机器人掌握社交技能，更好地与人类互动。这项实验是由麻省理工学院的研究人员进行的。该团队为自动驾驶汽车开发了一个机器学习系统，旨在了解其他司机的社会特征。文章还介绍了这一研究的实施过程以及未来的计划。 A 5．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But researchers are experimenting with new methods to give robots social skills to better interact(互动) with humans.(但研究人员正在试验新方法，让机器人掌握社交技能，更好地与人类互动。)”可知，新研究的目的是赋予机器人类似人类的社交技能。故选C。 6．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Since not all human drivers act the same way, the data was meant to teach the driverless car to”以及下文“dangerous situations”可推知，由于并非所有人类司机的行为方式都一样，这些数据旨在教会无人驾驶汽车避开危险情况。故画线词elude意为“避开”。故选A。 7．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The study found the system could cause the vehicle to wait before making the turn if it predicted the oncoming drivers acted selfishly and might be unsafe. But when the oncoming vehicles were judged to be selfless, the self-­driving car could make the turn without delay because it saw less risk of unsafe behaviour.(研究发现，如果该系统预测迎面驶来的司机的行为自私且可能不安全，那么它可能会让车辆在转弯前等待。但当迎面驶来的车辆被判定为无私时，自动驾驶汽车可以毫不迟疑地转弯，因为它认为不安全行为的风险更低。)”可知，迎面驶来的司机的驾驶风格会导致自动驾驶汽车等待或快速转弯。故选D。 8．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The MIT team plans to expand its research model to include other things that a self-­driving vehicle might need to deal with. These include predictions about people walking around traffic, as well as bicycles and other things found in driving environments.(麻省理工学院的团队计划扩展其研究模型，包括自动驾驶汽车可能需要处理的其他事情。这些包括对人们在交通中行走的预测，以及对自行车和其他在驾驶环境中发现的事物的预测。)”可推知，更多的交通参与者将参与研究。故选A。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 [2024·镇海中学检测] Modern life is evolving fast. Think about how much things have changed even in the last twenty years.1．_____If anything, it’s increasing. Technology is augmenting(提高) human life in all kinds of ways. 1 2 3 4 5 6 A 2．_____ Electric cars are the response to the pollution of gas vehicles. For a long time, electric vehicles were inaccessible. They were expensive and unattainable. Things have changed. Now electric automobiles are cheaper than ever. They are similarly priced as regular gas vehicles. 3．_____ More are being installed on the streets and in parking lots. Soon electric cars will be as common as gas vehicles. It is changing our way of life by alleviating pollution. D C Virtual reality (VR) is a part of technological advance that will continue to change the way we live for years to come. VR will change entertainment. With a headset, you don’t just watch a video. You are a part of it. You can experience things digitally.4．_____Beyond entertainment, augmented reality (AR), when you use the organic environment with the technology, will facilitate medicine. Remote surgeries can be performed with AR on the 5G Internet. These technologies can also help terminal patients find a new state of mind. There is no shortage of the number of ways that VR and AR will change the way we live. G Artificial intelligence(AI) uses machine learning to recognise patterns, create algorithms and analyse data. AI can synthesise(合成) all the information available to it. AI can excel to the optimal point in effectiveness productivity. It is used for many different purposes. There is no end to how AI will improve human life. It isn’t just used to improve social media sites to show consumers advertisements for products they might want to buy. 5．_____ B A. This rate of change isn’t slowing down. B. It can perform all kinds of tasks out of thin air(凭空). C. Furthermore, car charging stations are more common. D. The way that we approach motor vehicles has changed. E. The technology is already being applied in many ways. F. Only time will tell if we can evolve with the technology. G. It provides immersion that is difficult to accomplish otherwise. 【语篇解读】文章介绍了现代社会中改善人类生活的科技，包括电动汽车、虚拟现实、增强现实和人工智能。 1．A　根据上文“Modern life is evolving fast. Think about how much things have changed even in the last twenty years.(现代生活日新月异。想想在过去的二十年里，事情发生了多大的变化。)”和下文“If anything, it’s increasing. (如果有什么的话，那就是加快。)”可知，本段在讨论现在社会变化的范围和速度，A项“这种变化的速度并没有放缓。”符合语境，其中的“isn’t slowing down”和下文的“increasing”相呼应。故选A。 2．D　根据下文“Electric cars are the response to the pollution of gas vehicles. For a long time, electric vehicles were inaccessible. They were expensive and unattainable. Things have changed.(电动汽车是对汽油车污染的回应。在很长一段时间里，电动汽车是不可得的。它们既昂贵又难以实现。事情已经变了。)”可知，本段讨论汽车方面的变化。D项“我们对待机动车辆的方式已经改变了。”符合语境，其中motor vehicles为关键信息。故选D。 3．C　根据上文“They are similarly priced as regular gas vehicles.(它们的价格与普通汽油车相似。)”和下文“More are being installed on the streets and in parking lots.(街道上和停车场也建了更多。)”可知，此处在介绍电动汽车的普及。C项“此外，汽车充电站也越来越普遍。”符合语境，空后一句中的“More”指代该选项中的“car charging stations”。故选C。 4．G　根据上文“VR will change entertainment. With a headset, you don’t just watch a video. You are a part of it. You can experience things digitally.(虚拟现实将改变娱乐。戴上耳机，你不仅仅是在看视频。你是其中的一部分。你可以数字化地体验事物。)”可知，此处介绍虚拟现实技术。G项“它提供了以其他方式难以实现的沉浸感。”承接上文，符合语境，其中的“immersion”与上文中的“You are a part of it.”相呼应。故选G。 5．B　根据上文“It isn’t just used to improve social media sites to show consumers advertisements for products they might want to buy.(它不仅用于改善社交媒体网站，向消费者展示他们可能想购买的产品的广告。)”可知，此处介绍人工智能技术的用途。B项“它可以凭空执行各种任务。”承接上文，符合语境。故选B。 感谢聆听，再见！ $$