高效作业5 Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元小测-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册课程探究与巩固PPT课件（人教版2019）

高效作业5　单元小测 Unit 1　People of Achievement Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He a_____________that the accident was due to his carelessness. 2．The frightened people f_____from the burning building through the nearest exit. 3．F________ in 1898，Peking University was the first state­run university in China. 4．There’s a d_________ smell of cigarettes here.Open the windows to air the room, please. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [语言基础巩固] cknowledged led ounded istinct 5．The discussions continued late into the night, but nothing was c__________． 6．With the o__________ of helping poverty­stricken people, this programme has a long way to go. 7．We can _________(推断) the meaning of the word from the context. 8．His ___________(热情) for his work and his courage to fight his cancer were an inspiration to us all. 9．It’s an _________________(不一般的) achievement to be able to run a successful project for 40 years. oncluded bjective infer passion extraordinary 10．Many government ________________(社会公共机构) will be affected by the spending cuts. institutions Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．In terms of research, it is necessary for us to stick to the ____________(academy) cautiousness. 2． ______________(insist) on better working conditions by the union has resulted in fewer employee absences. 3．We need to carry out a proper ______________(evaluate) of the new system. 4．They have ______________(apparent) achieved broader and deeper agreements on how further promotion on ecology should be approached. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 academic Insistence evaluation apparently 5． The book is an____________(analyse) of poverty and its causes. 6．Water can be purified by ___________(boil) it for five minutes. 7．Traditional Chinese medicine is being _____________ (gradual) recognised by foreigners, while it still has a long way to go. 8．She believed her job as a______________(politics) was to represent her party and the people who voted for her. 9．With the new funding policy from the government，____________ (number) factories have sprung up in this once remote area. 10．The _____________(botany) garden in our city is beautiful with flowers in blossom and plants from all over the world. analysis boiling gradually politician numerous botanical Ⅲ.选词填空 1．After he graduated from college, he ________________________the cause of education. 2．The teacher asked us to__________ the main points of the lesson in three sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 on end; sum up; come to power; insist on； as a consequence of; as though; draw a conclusion; wear and tear；commit oneself to; take up committed himself to sum up 3．He is a wonderful companion and we can talk for hours __________． 4．I regret to inform you he is in hospital _______________________his injuries. 5．The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of _________________． 6．Since they _____________going, we’ll simply push the boat with the current and let them go with us. 7．You had better keep on trying if you find it difficult to _____________ ___________. on end as a consequence of wear and tear insist on draw a conclusion 8．The house looked _____________ it was about to fall down. 9．Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy after ___________________． 10．Jerry ___________ a position as a salesman at a big company in 2023. as though coming to power took up Ⅳ.完成句子 1．我们采访了他的数百位朋友、亲戚和对手来总结他不平凡的一生。结果是一个人被驱使去成功和去制造完美的产品的有趣故事。(过去分词作后置定语) We interviewed hundreds of his friends, relatives and rivals to sum up his remarkable life. The result is an interesting story of a man _____________ ________ and ___________________________________. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 driven to succeed driven to make perfect products 2．一到目的地，我们就迫不及待地呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏美丽的风景。(on＋v.­-ing) ______________________________， we could hardly wait to breathe the fresh air and admire beautiful scenery. 3．推广“互联网＋教育”模式极其重要，因为它能促进教育资源的共享。(be of＋n.；vital) Promoting the Internet Plus Education model________________________ because it can improve the sharing of educational resources. On arriving at the destination is of vital importance 4．我突然想到，要养好一个孩子绝不容易，尤其是一个拥有非凡的智力和良好沟通能力的孩子。(用It作形式主语，strike) _____________________it was by no means an easy task to bring up a child, especially one with a remarkable brain and good communication skills. It struck me that Ⅴ.阅读理解 [2024·厦门一中检测] Science is a process that builds on existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing? If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [语言基础巩固] The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish(贬低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world. Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is “scientific”？ Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origins in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not. What distinguishes scientific medicine is the readiness to seriously test a treatment and to be ready to change our minds if something is shown not to work. A research doctor in a modern hospital must be ready to change his theory if a more effective way of understanding illness, or treating it, becomes available. What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty. As John Stuart Mill wrote in On Liberty in 1859, “The beliefs which we have most warrant(依据) for, have no safeguard to rest on, but a standing invitation to the whole world to prove them unfounded.” (　　　)1．Why does the author raise the two questions in Paragraph 1? A．To add some fun. B．To express doubts. C．To introduce the topic. D．To provide background. C (　　　)2．What can we learn about today’s scientific description of the world? A．It can be timeless. B．It can be improved. C．It is of little value. D．It is the best at any moment. (　　　)3．What is the author’s attitude towards folk treatments? A．Dismissive(鄙视的). B．Objective. C．Pessimistic. D．Sympathetic. B B (　　　)4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．It is unwise to believe in science. B．Too much uncertainty lies in science. C．The foundation of science is unfounded. D．The lack of certainty makes science credible. 【语篇解读】文章论述了尽管科学总是在变化，但是它还是值得信赖的原因。 D 1．C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing? If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world？(那么，如果科学总是在变化，为什么它是值得信赖的呢？如果明天我们看到的世界不再像牛顿或爱因斯坦发现的那样，我们为什么要认真对待今天对世界的科学描述呢？)”且结合下文紧接着提出的文章主题可知，作者在第一段中提出两个问题是为了引入文章话题。故选C。 2．B　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能贬低它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实，由此可推知，今天对世界的科学描述是可以改进的。故选B。 3．B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is ’scientific’？ Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origins in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not.(考虑一下民间治疗师的草药。我们能说这种治疗是’科学的’吗？是的，如果它被证明是有效的，即使我们不知道它为什么有效。事实上，今天使用的许多常用药物都起源于民间疗法，我们仍然不确定它们是如何起作用的。这并不意味着民间疗法通常是有效的。相反，许多民间疗法并非如此。)”可知，作者既陈述了民间疗法的优点，又提到了不足。由此推知，作者对民间疗法持客观态度。故选B。 4．D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty.(现代科学之所以具有独特的力量，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经掌握了终极真理。科学的可靠性不是建立在确定的基础上，而是建立在完全不确定的基础上。)”可知，第四段主要论述了缺乏确定性使得科学可信。故选D。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Creativity can seem like magic. We look at people like Steve Jobs and Bob Dylan, and we conclude that they must possess supernatural powers. 1．_____ It’s a skill. Anyone can learn to be creative and to get better at it. A set of lessons has emerged about what creativity is and how to encourage it in ourselves and our work. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A Let’s start with the hardest problems. 2．_____Scientists have begun studying how insight occurs. They have found that certain factors make people much more likely to have insight, better able to find answers. For instance, exposing participants to a short, humorous video boosts the average success rate by about 20 percent. 3．_____ It can be Archimedes in the bathtub or the physicist Richard Feynman scribbling equations in a strip club. As Einstein once declared, “Creativity is what is left after time is wasted.” D G But this raises an obvious question: If different kinds of creative problems benefit from different kinds of creative thinking, how can we ensure that we’re thinking in the right way at the right time? When should we daydream and go for a relaxing stroll, and when should we keep on sketching and toying with possibilities? 4．_______ Scientists call it “feelings of knowing”， and they occur when we suspect that we can find the answer, if only we keep on thinking. Steve Jobs famously declared that “Creativity is just connecting things”. 5．_____It can be satisfying when the flame catches and a new idea sweeps around the world. E F A. But creativity is not magic. B. Every creative story is different. C. It’s just a matter of getting the answer out. D. Such problems are typically solved in a moment of insight. E. Actually human minds can assess the right kind of creativity. F. The most unbelievable concepts are combinations of existing stuff. G. They also explain why a major breakthrough happens in the unlikeliest place. 【语篇解读】本文介绍了什么是创造性以及如何激发创造性。 1．A　根据空前的“Creativity can seem like magic.(创造力看起来像魔法。)”和空后一句“It’s a skill.(这是一种技能。)”可知，空处应承上启下，与上文形成语义上的转折关系。A项“But creativity is not magic.(但创造力并不是魔法。)。”符合语境，该选项中的magic为关键信息，且空后一句中的It指代选项中的creativity。故选A。 2．D　空前一句提到“Let’s start with the hardest problems.”，即让我们从最难的问题开始。结合空后的关键信息insight可知，D项“Such problems are typically solved in a moment of insight.(这样的问题通常会在一瞬间的洞察力中得到解决。)”符合语境，选项中的Such problems指的是空前提到的最难的问题，且该选项中的insight与下文中的insight相呼应。故选D。 3．G　空处位于句首，为本段的主题句。下文“It can be Archimedes in the bathtub or the physicist Richard Feynman scribbling equations in a strip club.(它可以是浴缸里的阿基米德，也可以是脱衣舞俱乐部里写方程式的物理学家理查德·费曼。)”说明重大的突破发生在不可能的地方，因此G项“They also explain why a major breakthrough happens in the unlikeliest place.(它们还解释了为什么重大突破会发生在最不可能的地方。)”符合语境。故选G。 4．E　根据空前的“If different kinds of creative problems benefit from different kinds of creative thinking, how can we ensure that we’re thinking in the right way at the right time？” 可知，空前提出问题：如果不同类型的创造性问题受益于不同类型的创新思维，那我们如何确保我们在正确的时间以正确的方式思考？E项“Actually human minds can assess the right kind of creativity.(事实上，人类的大脑可以评估正确的创造力。)”符合语境，该选项中的the right kind of creativity与上文中的thinking in the right way相呼应。故选E。 5．F　根据空前一句“Steve Jobs famously declared that ’Creativity is just connecting things’．”可知，史蒂夫·乔布斯曾说过一句著名的话：“创造力就是找到事物之间的联系”。F项“The most unbelievable concepts are combinations of existing stuff.(最令人难以置信的概念是现有事物的组合。)”承接上文，且该选项中的combinations of existing stuff与空前一句中的connecting things相呼应。故选F。 Ⅶ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the 1.______________________ (honour) name of the Lei family responsible for imperial architecture during the Qing Dynasty, then you have missed an important detail about the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan Garden. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 honoured/honourable All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, 2._______ surprisingly enough, they are all designed by the Lei family.3._______________ (represent) the great achievements of science and technology in ancient China, their architectural practice covered a wide range of city planning, imperial palaces, gardens, temples, princes’ residences and schools. Yangshi 4.__________ (refer) to architect or architecture in Chinese. Yangshifang, the then government authority similar to the National Architecture Design Institute today, was in charge of site 5.____________ (select), design and construction of imperial architectures. but Representing refers selection 6．_____________ (amaze), eight generations of the Lei family were appointed director of Yangshifang consecutively from 1662 to 1911. With so many architectural 7._________(work) on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the Lei Family is 8._____ unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world. Apart from the grand architectures, China has another treasure left by the Lei family—design drafts. In the National Library of China alone, there 9._______ (be) up to 20，000 architectural design drafts, each of 10._________ plays an important role in the research of the history of the Qing Dynasty and how architecture developed at the time. Amazingly works a are which 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了清朝雷氏家族的荣誉，他们设计了很多著名的建筑，包括天坛、颐和园和圆明园。 1．honoured/honourable　考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词name，应用形容词形式，此处表示“如果你还没有听说过’样式雷’，清朝负责皇家建筑的雷氏家族的光荣名字，那你就错过了天坛、颐和园和圆明园的一个重要细节”。故填honoured或honourable。 2．but　考查连词。“上述所有伟大的文物和热门的旅游景点都被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录”和“令人惊讶的是，它们都是由雷氏家族设计的”之间为语义上的转折关系，应用表示转折意义的连词连接。故填but。 3．Representing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，represent与名词practice之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Representing。 4．refers　考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，refer to…为固定搭配，意为“指的是”。主语为Yangshi，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填refers。 5．selection　考查名词。此处应用其名词，与design和construction并列作宾语。故填selection。 6．Amazingly　考查副词。此处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，需用副词形式；位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Amazingly。 7．works　考查名词的数。空处前面有so many architectural修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填works。 8．a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个独特的现象，且unique以辅音音素开头。故填a。 9．are　考查时态和主谓一致。根据plays可知，此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时。20，000 architectural design drafts作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。 10．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为drafts，指代物，用关系代词which引导定语从句，作宾语。故填which。 感谢聆听，再见！ $$