精品解析：甘肃省会宁县第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

第一部分听力。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Good evening. I need two adult tickets and three child tickets. You can buy them at a group discount. You only need to pay fifty six dollars unit. You'll save sixteen dollars. Would you like to go camping with Peter and me during the summer vacation? I'd like to, but i'm going to london to visit my parents with some friends. Look, a new building is going up on the next street is replacing the old department store. I wonder if it'll be just another apartment building that we don't need. I read that it's going to be a hospital. Before I decided to become a full time photographer, I tested the waters by doing a few projects to see if I enjoy the work. That's a smart choice. Cut, start from the top. Leo, please. Let's try that line again with more enthusiastic. M. i'm trying. It's getting late, and we've been shooting this scene for hours. Your character is falling in love. Show us some emotion. Cameron, get ready to shoot. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hi there. How can I help you? Well, i'm in town visiting for a few days, and I need to get some things done while i'm here. sure. What do you need? I need to get my hair cut first. I also need to have my new pants . shortened. Okay, here's a map of the city. There is a good hair salon here, which is just a block away, and there is a tailor right here. Is there anything else? Yeah, i'll need to have my car service before my long drive home. No problem. There is a good mechanic a few blocks away. Hi there. How can I help you? Well, i'm in town visiting for a few days, and I need to get some things done while i'm here. sure. What do you need? I need to get my hair cut first. I also need to have my new pants . shortened. Okay, here's a map of the city. There is a good hair salon here, which is just a block away, and there is a tailor right here. Is there anything else? Yes, i'll need to have my car service before my long drive home. No problem. There is a good mechanic a few blocks away. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Burton and Taylor limited, how can I help you? Hello, my name is elena staples. I'm calling about your advertisement for a sales person. You need to speak to mr. burton. He's dealing with the applications, but he's in a meeting at the moment. I'll put you through to his secretary. Thank you. Do you have any idea how long his meeting will last? I don't want to miss him if he calls me back. I'm not sure about that, but i'm sure his secretary will be able to supply you with all the details. Okay, thanks very much. Burton and Taylor limited, how can I help you? Hello, my name is elena staples. I'm calling about your advertisement for a sales person. Ah, you need to speak to mr. burton. He's dealing with the applications, but he's in a meeting at the moment. I'll put you through to his secretary. Thank you. Do you have any idea how long his meeting will last? I don't want to miss him if he calls me back. I'm not sure about that, but i'm sure his secretary will be able to supply you with all the details. OK, thanks very much. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Good afternoon, everyone. I'm glad to introduce miss Linda smith, who is famous for painting stones. Linda, when did you begin painting stones? Actually, I started around six months ago. I haven't define some smooth stones on the beach, and I brought them home and began to paint on them. I was amazed that they looked so beautiful. So I continued. how many have you painted so far? One hundred. What kind of pictures do you paint? IT depends on the shape. I usually paint an animal or a scene from a place that I have been to look at, this painting of a swiss village on this stone. You can see my neighbour's cat. They are so colorful, they look so detailed, even though they are on such a tiny stone. Good afternoon, everyone. I'm glad to introduce miss Linda smith, who is famous for painting stones. Linda, when did you begin painting stones? Actually, I started around six months ago. I hadn't defined some smooth stones on the beach, and I brought them home and began to paint on them. I was amazed that they looked so beautiful. So I continued. how many have you painted so far? One hundred. What kind of pictures do you paint? IT depends on the shape. I usually paint an animal or a scene from a place that I have been to look at, this painting of a swiss village on this stone. You can see my neighbour's cat. They are so colorful, they look so detailed, even though they are on such a tiny stone. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Good afternoon. Welcome to the service center. What can I do for you? Good afternoon. I'd like to rent a two bedroom apartment. okay. Do you have a specific location in mind? Well, i'd like to live near the elementary school, or at least within two miles. Do you teach at the school? No, I teach at the university, but my son goes to school there. OK. What Price range can you afford? Five hundred dollars to five hundred and eighty dollars a month. Would you prefer an apartment with furniture or an empty . one with furniture? And we'd like to be able to cook at home OK. Here are the photos of two apartments that I think we will fit your needs. You can choose between them. Thank you. The one on the broadway avenue looks nicer than the one on main street. When can I have a look? You can look around now if you'd like. Let me get the key for you. If you are satisfied, we can sign an agreement today. great. thanks. How much do you charge for the service? One hundred dollars. All right. Good afternoon. Welcome to the service center. What can I do for you? Good afternoon. I'd like to rent a two bedroom apartment. okay. Do you have a specific location in mind? Well, i'd like to live near the elementary school, or at least within two miles. Do you teach at the school? No, I teach at the university, but my son goes to school there. OK. What Price range can you afford? Five hundred dollars to five hundred and eighty dollars a month. Would you prefer an apartment with furniture or an empty . one with furniture? And we'd like to be able to cook at home OK. Here are the photos of two apartments that I think we will fit your needs. You can choose between them. Thank you. The one on the broadway avenue looks nicer than the one on main street. When can I have a look? You can look around now if you'd like. Let me get the key for you. If you are satisfied, we can sign an agreement today. great. thanks. How much do you charge for the service? One hundred dollars. All right. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。My friend leo makes up weak excuses whenever there is something he doesn't want to do. Just two weeks ago, he was at my house when he decided he didn't want to go into work. He called his boss and said he had to get a new set of tires put on his truck. Then he SAT down and watched T. V with me. Not only had he lied, but his excuse wasn't a convincing one. Another time, he canceled the date with his girlfriend at the last minute, telling her he had to get a new battery for his truck. SHE was angry and refused to go out with him again until he apologised. Last weekend, leo offered the poorest st excuse, yet he'd promised he'd helps me move some furniture from my parents house to my new apartment. He was supposed to bring his truck over at about eight o'clock saturday morning. I waited and then called and left a message, john, his machine. At seven thirty. He called and said he was sorry, but he'd been getting a new set of tires put on his truck. I guess he'd forgotten. He used the same excuse when he called his boss for my house. I think I need a new set of friends. I'm beginning to get tired of leos excuses. My friend leo makes up weak excuses whenever there is something he doesn't want to do. Just two weeks ago, he was at my house when he decided he didn't want to go into work. He called his boss and said he had to get a new set of tires put on his truck. Then he SAT down and watched T. V with me. Not only had he lied, but his excuse wasn't a convincing one. Another time, he canceled the date with his girlfriend at the last minute, telling her he had to get a new battery for his truck. SHE was angry and refused to go out with him again until he apologised. Last weekend, leo offered the poorest excuse, yet he'd promised he'd helped me move some furniture from my parents house to my new apartment. He was supposed to bring his truck over at about eight o'clock saturday morning. I waited and then called and left a message. Hn, his machine. At seven thirty. He called and said he was sorry, but he'd been getting a new set of tires put on his truck. I guess he'd forgotten. He used the same excuse when he called his boss for my house. I think I need a new set of friends. I'm beginning to get tired of leos excuses. 第二节到此结束。 高二年级下学期期末考试模拟卷 英语试卷 (120分钟 150分) 考试范围：必修第一至第三册20%；选择性必修第一至第四册80% 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a cinema. C. In a clothing shop. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 With whom will the man go to London? A. Peter. B. The woman. C. His friends. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What kind of building is being built? A. A department store. B. A hospital. C. An apartment building. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man probably be? A. A photographer. B. A swimmer. C. An engineer. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Director and actor. C. Saleswoman and customer. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the man going to do first? A. Have his haircut. B. Shorten his pants. C. Repair his car. 7. Which is the nearest from the man? A. A good hair salon. B. A good tailor. C. A good mechanic. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What position is the woman going to apply for? A. A secretary. B. An assistant manager. C. A salesperson. 9. What’s Mr Burton doing now? A. Having a meeting. B. Making a phone call. C. Dealing with the applications. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where did Linda find the smooth stones? A. In a village. B. On the beach. C. Near her house. 11. How many stones has Linda painted so far? A. 60. B. 100. C. 160. 12. How does Linda design the paint on her stones? A. By the color. B. By the value. C. By the shape. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where does the man work? A. At a university. B. At a middle school. C. At a primary school. 14 What kind of apartment would the man prefer? A. An empty one. B. One with furniture. C. One with furniture and a kitchen. 15. When will the man have a look at the apartment? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow. 16. How much would the man pay for the service? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 What excuse did Leo make when he asked his boss for leave? A. He had to put new tires on his truck. B. He would move to his new apartment. C. He should get a new battery for his truck. 18. Why was Leo’s girlfriend angry? A. He refused to apologize to her. B. He went out with the speaker. C. He canceled the date with her. 19. When did Leo telephone the speaker last weekend? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 11:30. 20. What does the speaker think of Leo? A. Convincing. B. Disappointing. C. Heart-warming. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fill Out The Money Survey And Win f200 Next month we’ll be publishing a special edition of Notebook focusing on all money-related things with the finance authority Martin Lewis. As part of this special edition we need your help to understand more about the state of the nation’s finances in 2024. It takes less than 7 minutes; it’s anonymous (匿名的) and we hope it will provide a fascinating insight into the lives of our readers that will help us better adjust our editorial content to you. Best of all, one lucky reader will receive £200 worth of Love2shop vouchers (代金券) in return. Click on the link here if you will take part in this survey. TERMS AND CONDITIONS In order to enter the prize draw, you need to fill out the survey above. Only one entry per person, per email address will be accepted. This competition is open to UK residents only. The survey will be open until midnight on February 26, 2024. One winner will be selected at random, from all correct entries. The winner will receive £200 worth of Love2shop shopping vouchers which can be exchanged at hundreds of stores across the UK. Participants must be over the age of 16. If the winner fails to confirm the acceptance of the prize within 7 days of being informed of his or her win, we reserve the right to pick another winner at random. Please ensure that the email address in your entry is correct. 21. Why is this survey to be made? A. To encourage the readers to consume. B. To improve the special edition of Notebook. C. To find a lucky reader to get the £200 vouchers. D. To make more people aware of the nation’s finances. 22. Who is qualified to participate in the survey? A. A Scottish schoolboy under 16. B. A man sending a letter of survey. C. An English girl living in Paris, France. D. A Londoner filling in the survey on February 20. 23. Where can you most likely read this text? A. In an economic website. B. In a sports newspaper. C. In a medical magazine. D. In a business textbook. B “In Yulin, the story of the women’s militia (民兵组织) is known to households. We all grew up with their heroic afforestation stories,” Zhang Shuyao told the Global Times proudly as she is now part of them. Zhang joined the women’s militia four years ago after graduation from university. She could have found a job in the provincial capital Xi’an, which has wide streets, skyscrapers, fancy restaurants and bars and large shopping malls, but she chose to return to her hometown. The Bulanghe women’s militia was established in 1974 when Bulanghe was a town at the border of desert and human residence. In that year, 54 female militias, 18 years old on average, came to the town, 80 percent of which was covered by sand, to build up a green great wall to fight against sand and winds. Living in cottages built from bushes and dirt, with poor food to eat, the first generation started a four-decade project and turned the desert into grasslands and forests. The 33 tree belts, 35 kilometers of irrigation channels, 36 wells, 800 vanished sand dunes (消失的沙丘), marked the sweat and youth of generations of the militias. The border of greenness was pushed northward 400 kilometers and the Maowusu desert almost disappeared on satellite images. “We are standing on their shoulders. What we do is incomparable to their efforts and achievements,” Zhang said. Another person who made a similar decision to Zhang is Zhao Shuaishuai, returning to the small village where he was born and grew up to find out a sustainable path out of poverty and toward prosperity for his countrymen. Generation Z in China, which was previously described as a “spoiled” generation as they grow up in a world with a wealth of resources and overwhelming online information, however, is sweating in the country’s great cause of rural revitalization (振兴). 24. Which of the following can best describe Zhang Shuyao? A. Sincere and confident. B. Simple and determined. C. Diligent and outgoing. D. Optimistic and talented. 25. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The general goal of the militias. B. The beautiful scenery of Bulanghe. C. The terrible living conditions of Bulanghe. D. The efforts and achievements the militia pioneers made. 26. What do Zhang and Zhao have in common? A. They grew up in big cities. B. They were spoiled in their families. C. They helped their hometowns develop. D. They graduated from a university in Xi’an. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Generation Z shines for rural development B. Women’s militias contribute to the greening of Yulin C. Great changes have taken place in Chinese rural areas D. Spoiled youth help with the establishment of their hometown C An Australian startup has taken lab-grown meat a step further—or, some might say, a step back in time. In March 2023, the company Vow showed a meatball made of lab-grown meat at a museum in the Netherlands, using the genetic (基因的) sequence from the long-extinct wooly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), which went extinct 4,000 years ago, so the smell of their meat being cooked is one humans haven’t smelled for a long, long time. Cultivated meat—also called cultured or cell-based meat—is made from animal cells. Animals don’t need to be killed to produce it, which many say is better not just for the animals but also for the environment. Vow used publicly available genetic information from the mammoth, filled missing parts with genetic data from its closest living relative, the African elephant, and put it into a sheep cell. With the right conditions in a lab, the cell multiplied until there were enough to roll up into the meatball. Over 100 companies around the world are working on cultivated meat products. Experts say that if the technology is widely used, it could significantly reduce the environmental impact of global meat production. So far, Singapore is the only country to have approved cell-based meat for consumption. Vow is hoping to sell its first product there—a cultivated Japanese quail (鹌鹑) meat—later this year. The mammoth meatball is a one-off and has not been tasted, even by its creators, and there are no plans to ever sell it. Instead, it was presented as a form of protein that would get people talking about the future of meat. Noakesmith, a researcher, told The Associated Press the wooly mammoth is often seen as a symbol of loss, since climate change likely led to its extinction. Vow wanted to create something that symbolizes a more exciting future, he added. 28. What is special about the mammoth meatball? A. It has not been tasted yet. B. The meat tastes better than the others. C. It has been widely accepted by people. D. The meat comes from different animals. 29 In which country has cell-based meat become part of people’s daily consumption? A. Australia. B. Netherlands. C. Singapore. D. Japan. 30. What is a purpose of making the mammoth meatball? A. To sell it as a completely new product. B. To remind people of the extinct animals. C. To offer an alternative for people’s food consumption. D. To make people pay attention to the future of meat. 31. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Agriculture. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science. D New studies show wildfire smoke seems to trigger its biggest health risk to kids. Asthma (哮喘) is a very widespread common health condition. Up to 8 percent of US children suffer from this breathing problem. It temporarily shrinks the airways, which makes it very hard to breathe. New data now show wildfire smoke can cause or even worsen asthma problems. It’s the biggest threat this smoke can bring to children and teens. Researchers have been studying the impacts of tiny airborne pollutants. Known as aerosols (悬浮微粒), they are made up of a mix of tiny dust-sized particles and droplets. Wildfire smoke contains more and tinier dust-sized particles and droplets. Aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide are especially worrisome. At that size, they can be breathed deeply into the lungs. The tinier these pollutants are, the more deeply they can enter the airways to settle in and do harm. Studies have shown small ones can even go into the brain. Breathing tiny aerosols in can be a danger to anyone. Children, however, face an increasing risk. One reason is that children breathe faster. That means they end up breathing more air-and more pollutants in it. Their lungs also are smaller than an adult’s. So more of the lungs’ surface will be exposed to whatever is in dirty air. Finally, kids’ lungs are still developing, notes Jennifer Stowell, a disease detective. Stowell led a study in the January Environmental Research Letters. It estimated how much wildfire smoke will worsen asthma among people in the western United States. Asthma, for which there is no cure, inflames (使发炎) and narrows the tubes moving air in and out of the lungs. And it’s common. Based on current trends, Stowell’s team now estimates that within another 25 years or so, there will be some 155,000 more asthma-related hospital visits each year in the West-just from exposure to wildfire smoke. Children, teens and younger adults may face the biggest risks. 32. What does the underlined word “trigger” most likely mean in paragraph 1? A. Cause. B. Prevent. C. Destroy. D. Assess. 33. How does wildfire smoke worsen asthma? A. By inflaming and narrowing the airways. B. By producing more and tinier aerosols in the air. C. By helping tiny aerosols to enter the airways. D. By reducing the lungs’ surface exposed to the air. 34. Why are aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide especially worrisome? A. They can go deep into the airways. B. They cause difficulties in breathing. C. They exist everywhere in the world. D. They are hard to remove from the air. 35. What is the best title for this text? A. How wildfire smoke takes place B. Why kids tend to suffer from asthma C. Wildfire smoke and aerosols in the air D. Wildfire smoke brings kids big health risks 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? ___36___ But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. ___37___ They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. ___38___ Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. ___39___ While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. ___40___ All in all, making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E. What’s more, new friends can give you some fresh ideas. F. Older friends have already gone through the challenges you are facing. G. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 During the holiday season in 2015, Felicia Hall was battling depression. “I was unhappy, overeating fast food at night and not really ___41___ myself. I wasn’t physically active, and always felt tired,” she says. It wasn’t until New Year that Hall wanted to make a (n) ___42___. A friend recommended a workout program, and she ___43___ to sign up. “I registered, though not believing I can keep on. I even set a ___44___ on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended,” says Hall. “Within two weeks, I did not ___45___. So I deleted the note.” The ___46___ gained from the workout program also got her running. “I loved the sound of ___47___ my feet on the ground, knowing my body was ___48___ of doing that,” she says. Hall also ___49___ her habit of eating late-night fast-food and started cooking healthy meals. After five months, Hall lost 20 pounds and gained a new ____50____ on exercise, and on life. She consistently ____51____ the workout program community group for support. And she ____52____ started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown. ____53____, she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. “To be physically able to exercise and continue to grow with it — it’s a(n) ____54____ gift,” she says. “People not experiencing it aren’t aware of what something like this can do for a person. It’s not just physical—it’s ____55____. It’s everything.” 41. A. depending on B. caring for C. figuring out D. calming down 42. A. apology B. living C. change D. deal 43. A. continued B. decided C. managed D. promised 44. A. timetable B. record C. monitor D. reminder 45. A. quit B. forget C. hesitate D. mind 46. A. weight B. freedom C. clue D. confidence 47 A. laying B. relaxing C. hitting D. curing 48 A. capable B. afraid C. sure D. sick 49. A. restored B. enriched C. rescheduled D. transformed 50. A. focus B. impact C. emphasis D. remark 51. A. turned to B. gave up C. appealed to D. take in 52. A. even B. still C. ever D. almost 53. A. By chance B. Above all C. On average D. At first 54. A. amazing B. original C. virtual D. usual 55. A. final B. special C. mental D. formal 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most of the United Kingdom area is surrounded by the sea, which ____56____ (enhance) the land’s beauty. Tower Bridge is known as one of the attractive UK landmarks, ____57____ (locate) near the Tower of London. It is one of the iconic landmarks of the UK’s capital city. It is a movable and stretchable bridge, and it has two sides that can be lifted and down ____58____ (let) huge ships pass through. Don’t be fooled by its old-fashioned appearance. Tower Bridge ____59____ (design) to look a lot older than it is, so as to match the Tower of London. It was built between 1886 and 1894. It’s ____60____ (relative) new when you compare it to the Tower of London, ____61____ dates back to 1066! On 30th June 1894, the Prince and Princess of Wales officially opened the bridge, with huge celebrations ____62____ (take) place in the area. Official ____63____ (invitation) were sent out to notable guests and on the day the royal party paraded across the bridge in carriages. Whenever you go to the English capital ____64____ your family, you must visit this tower bridge. It is a very fantastic experience. It is ____65____ unique source of entertainment for kids as well. 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假定你是山东某国际学校的学生会主席李华，下个月，你校将举办科幻短篇小说创作大赛，请你根据以下要点提示在校英文网站上写一则通知，内容包括： 1.比赛目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交作品的时间及地点等。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It took place in a teacher’s family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school, when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother’s favorite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hurriedly and put the vase back to its place. As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbor’s cat jumped in from the window and he couldn’t drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son's nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members, Ben’s mother remained calm. She realized she shouldn’t just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea. Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became. In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mother's face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a drawer and gave him one. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The mother said, “This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!” _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now with the chocolates in hand, the boy got up his courage to tell the truth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二年级下学期期末考试模拟卷 英语试卷 (120分钟 150分) 考试范围：必修第一至第三册20%；选择性必修第一至第四册80% 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a cinema. C. In a clothing shop. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good evening. I need two adult tickets and three child tickets. W: You can buy them at a group discount. You only need to pay $56 and you’ll save $16. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 With whom will the man go to London? A. Peter. B. The woman. C. His friends. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Would you like to go camping with Peter and me during the summer vacation? M: I’d like to. But I’m going to London to visit my parents with some friends. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What kind of building is being built? A. A department store. B. A hospital. C. An apartment building. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Look! A new building is going up on the next street. It’s replacing the old department store. I wonder if it’ll be just another apartment building that we don’t need. W: I read that it’s going to be a hospital. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man probably be? A. A photographer. B. A swimmer. C. An engineer. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Before I decided to become a full-time photographer, I tested the waters by doing a few projects to see if I’d enjoy the work. W: That’s a smart choice! 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Director and actor. C. Saleswoman and customer. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Cut. Start from the top! Leo, please, let’s try that line again with more enthusiasm. M: I’m trying. It’s getting late, and we’ve been shooting this scene for hours. W: Your character is falling in love. Show us some emotion! Cameramen, get ready to shoot! 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the man going to do first? A. Have his haircut. B. Shorten his pants. C. Repair his car. 7. Which is the nearest from the man? A. A good hair salon. B. A good tailor. C. A good mechanic. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, there. How can I help you? M: Well, I’m in town visiting for a few days, and I need to get some things done while I’m here. W: Sure. What do you need? M: I need to get my hair cut first. I also need to have my new pants shortened. W: OK. Here’s a map of the city. There’s a good hair salon here which is just a block away. And there’s a tailor right here. Is there anything else? M: Yes. I’ll need to have my car serviced before my long drive home! W: No problem. There’s a good mechanic a few blocks away. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What position is the woman going to apply for? A. A secretary. B. An assistant manager. C. A salesperson. 9. What’s Mr Burton doing now? A. Having a meeting. B. Making a phone call. C. Dealing with the applications. 【答案】8. C 9. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Burton and Taylor Limited, how can I help you? W: Hello, my name is Eleanor Staples. I’m calling about your advertisement for a salesperson. M: Ah, you need to speak to Mr Burton. He’s dealing with the applications, but he’s in a meeting at the moment. I’ll put you through to his secretary. W: Thank you. Do you have any idea how long his meeting will last? I don’t want to miss him if he calls me back. M: I’m not sure about that but I’m sure his secretary will be able to supply you with all the details. W: OK, thanks very much. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where did Linda find the smooth stones? A. In a village. B. On the beach. C. Near her house. 11. How many stones has Linda painted so far? A. 60. B. 100. C. 160. 12. How does Linda design the paint on her stones? A. By the color. B. By the value. C. By the shape. 【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Good afternoon, everyone. I’m glad to introduce Ms Linda Smith, who is famous for painting stones. Linda, when did you begin painting stones? W: Actually, I started around six months ago. I happened to find some smooth stones on the beach and I brought them home and began to paint on them. I was amazed that they looked so beautiful, so I continued. M: How many have you painted so far? W: One hundred. M: What kind of pictures do you paint? W: It depends on the shape. I usually paint an animal or a scene from a place that I have been to. Look at this painting of a Swiss village. On this stone, you can see my neighbor’s cat. M: They are so colorful! They look so detailed, even though they are on such a tiny stone. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where does the man work? A. At a university. B. At a middle school. C. At a primary school. 14. What kind of apartment would the man prefer? A An empty one. B. One with furniture. C. One with furniture and a kitchen. 15. When will the man have a look at the apartment? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow. 16. How much would the man pay for the service? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Good afternoon! Welcome to the Service Center. What can I do for you? M: Good afternoon. I’d like to rent a two-bedroom apartment. W: OK, do you have a specific location in mind? M: Well, I’d like to live near the elementary school, or at least within 2 miles. W: Do you teach at the school? M: No. I teach at the university, but my son goes to school there. W: OK. What price range can you afford? M: $500 to $580 a month. W: Would you prefer an apartment with furniture or an empty one? M: With furniture, and we’d like to be able to cook at home. W: Okay. Here are the photos of two apartments that I think will fit your needs. You can choose between them. M: Thank you. The one on the Broadway Avenue looks nicer than the one on Main Street. When can I have a look? W: You can look around now if you’d like. Let me get the key for you. If you are satisfied, we can sign an agreement today. M: Great! Thanks. How much do you charge for the service? W: $100. M: All right. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What excuse did Leo make when he asked his boss for leave? A. He had to put new tires on his truck. B. He would move to his new apartment. C. He should get a new battery for his truck. 18. Why was Leo’s girlfriend angry? A. He refused to apologize to her. B. He went out with the speaker. C. He canceled the date with her. 19. When did Leo telephone the speaker last weekend? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 11:30. 20. What does the speaker think of Leo? A. Convincing. B. Disappointing. C. Heart-warming. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: My friend Leo makes up weak excuses whenever there is something he doesn’t want to do. Just two weeks ago, he was at my house when he decided he didn’t want to go into work. He called his boss and said he had to get a new set of tires put on his truck. Then he sat down and watched TV with me. Not only had he lied but his excuse wasn’t a convincing one. Another time, he canceled a date with his girlfriend at the last minute telling her he had to get a new battery for his truck. She was angry and refused to go out with him again until he apologized. Last weekend, Leo offered the poorest excuse yet. He’d promised he’d help me move some furniture from my parents’ house to my new apartment. He was supposed to bring his truck over at about 8 o’clock Saturday morning. I waited, and then called and left a message on his machine. At 11:30, he called and said he was sorry but he’d been getting a new set of tires put on his truck. I guess he’d forgotten he used the same excuse when he called his boss from my house. I think I need a new set of friends. I’m beginning to get tired of Leo’s excuses. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fill Out The Money Survey And Win f200 Next month we’ll be publishing a special edition of Notebook focusing on all money-related things with the finance authority Martin Lewis. As part of this special edition we need your help to understand more about the state of the nation’s finances in 2024. It takes less than 7 minutes; it’s anonymous (匿名的) and we hope it will provide a fascinating insight into the lives of our readers that will help us better adjust our editorial content to you. Best of all, one lucky reader will receive £200 worth of Love2shop vouchers (代金券) in return. Click on the link here if you will take part in this survey. TERMS AND CONDITIONS In order to enter the prize draw, you need to fill out the survey above. Only one entry per person, per email address will be accepted. This competition is open to UK residents only. The survey will be open until midnight on February 26, 2024. One winner will be selected at random, from all correct entries. The winner will receive £200 worth of Love2shop shopping vouchers which can be exchanged at hundreds of stores across the UK. Participants must be over the age of 16. If the winner fails to confirm the acceptance of the prize within 7 days of being informed of his or her win, we reserve the right to pick another winner at random. Please ensure that the email address in your entry is correct. 21. Why is this survey to be made? A. To encourage the readers to consume. B. To improve the special edition of Notebook. C. To find a lucky reader to get the £200 vouchers. D. To make more people aware of the nation’s finances. 22. Who is qualified to participate in the survey? A. A Scottish schoolboy under 16. B. A man sending a letter of survey. C. An English girl living in Paris, France. D. A Londoner filling in the survey on February 20. 23. Where can you most likely read this text? A. In an economic website. B. In a sports newspaper. C. In a medical magazine. D. In a business textbook. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则调查问卷的广告，旨在了解2024年英国民众的财务状况，赢取奖金。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“As part of this special edition we need your help to understand more about the state of the nation’s finances in 2024. It takes less than 7 minutes; it’s anonymous (匿名的) and we hope it will provide a fascinating insight into the lives of our readers that will help us better adjust our editorial content to you. (作为本期特刊的一部分，我们需要您的帮助来更深入地了解2024年国家财政状况。整个过程不到 7 分钟，而且是匿名的。我们希望这能为我们提供有关读者生活的有趣见解，从而帮助我们更好地调整编辑内容以满足您的需求。)”可知，进行调查是为了更好地了解2024年国家的财务状况，从而更好地调整杂志的内容以满足读者的需求。因此，调查的目的是为了改进“Notebook”杂志的特别版。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章TERMS AND CONDITIONS中“This competition is open to UK residents only.(本次竞赛仅面向英国居民开放。)”以及“The survey will be open until midnight on February 26, 2024.(此次调查将持续到2024年2月26日午夜为止。)”可知，英国居民必须在2月26日前填写。选项D“A Londoner filling in the survey on February 20.(一位伦敦人于2月20日填写了这份调查问卷。)”中的伦敦人在2024年2月20日填写调查，符合所有条件。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Next month we’ll be publishing a special edition of Notebook focusing on all money-related things with the finance authority Martin Lewis. As part of this special edition we need your help to understand more about the state of the nation’s finances in 2024.(下个月，我们将与金融权威机构马丁·刘易斯一起出版一本特别版的《笔记本》，重点关注所有与金钱有关的事情。作为本期特刊的一部分，我们需要您的帮助，以了解2024年国家财政状况的更多信息)”和“Click on the link here if you will take part in this survey.(如果您要参加此调查，请单击此处的链接)”可知，调查主要涉及财务和金钱相关话题，最有可能出现在经济类网站上，需要点击链接，因此，最有可能在经济学网站上阅读到这篇文章。故选A项。 B “In Yulin, the story of the women’s militia (民兵组织) is known to households. We all grew up with their heroic afforestation stories,” Zhang Shuyao told the Global Times proudly as she is now part of them. Zhang joined the women’s militia four years ago after graduation from university. She could have found a job in the provincial capital Xi’an, which has wide streets, skyscrapers, fancy restaurants and bars and large shopping malls, but she chose to return to her hometown. The Bulanghe women’s militia was established in 1974 when Bulanghe was a town at the border of desert and human residence. In that year, 54 female militias, 18 years old on average, came to the town, 80 percent of which was covered by sand, to build up a green great wall to fight against sand and winds. Living in cottages built from bushes and dirt, with poor food to eat, the first generation started a four-decade project and turned the desert into grasslands and forests. The 33 tree belts, 35 kilometers of irrigation channels, 36 wells, 800 vanished sand dunes (消失的沙丘), marked the sweat and youth of generations of the militias. The border of greenness was pushed northward 400 kilometers and the Maowusu desert almost disappeared on satellite images. “We are standing on their shoulders. What we do is incomparable to their efforts and achievements,” Zhang said. Another person who made a similar decision to Zhang is Zhao Shuaishuai, returning to the small village where he was born and grew up to find out a sustainable path out of poverty and toward prosperity for his countrymen. Generation Z in China, which was previously described as a “spoiled” generation as they grow up in a world with a wealth of resources and overwhelming online information, however, is sweating in the country’s great cause of rural revitalization (振兴). 24. Which of the following can best describe Zhang Shuyao? A. Sincere and confident. B. Simple and determined. C. Diligent and outgoing. D. Optimistic and talented. 25. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The general goal of the militias. B. The beautiful scenery of Bulanghe. C. The terrible living conditions of Bulanghe. D. The efforts and achievements the militia pioneers made. 26. What do Zhang and Zhao have in common? A. They grew up in big cities. B. They were spoiled in their families. C. They helped their hometowns develop. D. They graduated from a university in Xi’an. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Generation Z shines for rural development B. Women’s militias contribute to the greening of Yulin C. Great changes have taken place in Chinese rural areas D. Spoiled youth help with the establishment of their hometown 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国Z世代青年张淑瑶和赵帅帅回到家乡，投身农村发展和生态保护事业的故事。文章通过他们的经历，展现了年轻一代在乡村振兴中的贡献和成长。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Zhang joined the women’s militia four years ago after graduation from university. She could have found a job in the provincial capital Xi’an, which has wide streets, skyscrapers, fancy restaurants and bars and large shopping malls, but she chose to return to her hometown. (张淑瑶四年前大学毕业后加入了女子民兵组织。她本可以在省会西安找到一份工作，那里有宽阔的街道、摩天大楼、高档餐厅、酒吧和大型购物中心，但她选择了回到家乡。)”以及第一段中她对女子民兵组织的态度，可体现出她的朴实和坚定。故选B项。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文中第四段的第一句“Living in cottages built from bushes and dirt, with poor food to eat, the first generation started a four-decade project and turned the desert into grasslands and forests. (第一代民兵住在用灌木和泥土搭建的茅屋里，吃着简陋的食物，开启了一个长达四十年的项目，将沙漠变成了草原和森林。)”以及下文的具体描述，可知该段主要讲述了第一代女子民兵所付出的努力和取得的成就。故选D项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第二段张淑瑶回到家乡加入女子民兵组织，以及第六段“Another person who made a similar decision to Zhang is Zhao Shuaishuai, returning to the small village where he was born and grew up to find out a sustainable path out of poverty and toward prosperity for his countrymen. (另一个和张淑瑶做出类似决定的人是赵帅帅，他回到了自己出生长大的小村庄，为乡亲们寻找一条可持续的脱贫致富之路。)”，可知张淑瑶和赵帅帅的共同点是都帮助家乡发展。故选C项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了张淑瑶、赵帅帅等Z世代年轻人放弃城市机会，回到家乡为乡村振兴等事业贡献力量的故事，体现了Z世代在农村发展中的作用。选项B仅提到女子民兵对玉林绿化的贡献，较为片面；选项C讲的是中国农村的巨大变化，并非文章重点；选项D中“spoiled youth”表述不准确，文章只是提到之前有人这样描述 Z 世代，并非肯定这一说法。而选项 A 能很好地概括文章主旨，适合作标题。故选A项。 C An Australian startup has taken lab-grown meat a step further—or, some might say, a step back in time. In March 2023, the company Vow showed a meatball made of lab-grown meat at a museum in the Netherlands, using the genetic (基因的) sequence from the long-extinct wooly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), which went extinct 4,000 years ago, so the smell of their meat being cooked is one humans haven’t smelled for a long, long time. Cultivated meat—also called cultured or cell-based meat—is made from animal cells. Animals don’t need to be killed to produce it, which many say is better not just for the animals but also for the environment. Vow used publicly available genetic information from the mammoth, filled missing parts with genetic data from its closest living relative, the African elephant, and put it into a sheep cell. With the right conditions in a lab, the cell multiplied until there were enough to roll up into the meatball. Over 100 companies around the world are working on cultivated meat products. Experts say that if the technology is widely used, it could significantly reduce the environmental impact of global meat production. So far, Singapore is the only country to have approved cell-based meat for consumption. Vow is hoping to sell its first product there—a cultivated Japanese quail (鹌鹑) meat—later this year. The mammoth meatball is a one-off and has not been tasted, even by its creators, and there are no plans to ever sell it. Instead, it was presented as a form of protein that would get people talking about the future of meat. Noakesmith, a researcher, told The Associated Press the wooly mammoth is often seen as a symbol of loss, since climate change likely led to its extinction. Vow wanted to create something that symbolizes a more exciting future, he added. 28. What is special about the mammoth meatball? A. It has not been tasted yet. B. The meat tastes better than the others. C. It has been widely accepted by people. D. The meat comes from different animals. 29. In which country has cell-based meat become part of people’s daily consumption? A. Australia. B. Netherlands. C. Singapore. D. Japan. 30. What is a purpose of making the mammoth meatball? A. To sell it as a completely new product. B. To remind people of the extinct animals. C. To offer an alternative for people’s food consumption. D. To make people pay attention to the future of meat. 31 In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Agriculture. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science. 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了澳大利亚的一个初创公司用已灭绝的长毛猛犸象的基因序列培养制作肉丸的消息。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In March 2023, the company Vow showed a meatball made of lab-grown meat at a museum in the Netherlands, using the genetic (基因的) sequence from the long-extinct wooly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), which went extinct 4,000 years ago, so the smell of their meat being cooked is one humans haven’t smelled for a long, long time.(2023年3月，公司Vow在荷兰的一家博物馆展示了一款由实验室培育的肉丸，其原料采用了已灭绝长达4000年之久的长毛猛犸象的基因序列制成。因此，这种肉丸烹饪时散发出的气味是人类很久很久以来都没有闻到过的)”和第六段“The mammoth meatball is a one-off and has not been tasted, even by its creators, and there are no plans to ever sell it.(这种巨型肉丸是独一无二的，就连其创造者本人也未曾品尝过，而且他们也没有任何打算将其出售)”可知，从来没有人品尝过这种肉丸。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“So far, Singapore is the only country to have approved cell-based meat for consumption.(截至目前，新加坡是唯一一个批准将细胞培养肉用于消费国家)”可知，现在新加坡是唯一允许使用细胞肉的国家。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Instead, it was presented as a form of protein that would get people talking about the future of meat.(相反，它被宣传为一种蛋白质产品，旨在引发人们对肉类未来发展的讨论)”可知，创作者制作这种肉丸的目的是让人们思考肉类生产的未来。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In March 2023, the company Vow showed a meatball made of lab-grown meat at a museum in the Netherlands, using the genetic (基因的) sequence from the long-extinct wooly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), which went extinct 4,000 years ago, so the smell of their meat being cooked is one humans haven’t smelled for a long, long time.(2023年3月，公司Vow在荷兰的一家博物馆展示了一款由实验室培育的肉丸，其原料采用了已灭绝长达4000年之久的长毛猛犸象的基因序列制成。因此，这种肉丸烹饪时散发出的气味是人类很久很久以来都没有闻到过的)”以及文中介绍了澳大利亚的一个初创公司用长毛猛犸象的基因序列培养制作肉丸的消息可知，文章内容与科学相关。因此本文很可能出自一份报纸的科学栏目。故选D。 D New studies show wildfire smoke seems to trigger its biggest health risk to kids. Asthma (哮喘) is a very widespread common health condition. Up to 8 percent of US children suffer from this breathing problem. It temporarily shrinks the airways, which makes it very hard to breathe. New data now show wildfire smoke can cause or even worsen asthma problems. It’s the biggest threat this smoke can bring to children and teens. Researchers have been studying the impacts of tiny airborne pollutants. Known as aerosols (悬浮微粒), they are made up of a mix of tiny dust-sized particles and droplets. Wildfire smoke contains more and tinier dust-sized particles and droplets. Aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide are especially worrisome. At that size, they can be breathed deeply into the lungs. The tinier these pollutants are, the more deeply they can enter the airways to settle in and do harm. Studies have shown small ones can even go into the brain. Breathing tiny aerosols in can be a danger to anyone. Children, however, face an increasing risk. One reason is that children breathe faster. That means they end up breathing more air-and more pollutants in it. Their lungs also are smaller than an adult’s. So more of the lungs’ surface will be exposed to whatever is in dirty air. Finally, kids’ lungs are still developing, notes Jennifer Stowell, a disease detective. Stowell led a study in the January Environmental Research Letters. It estimated how much wildfire smoke will worsen asthma among people in the western United States. Asthma, for which there is no cure, inflames (使发炎) and narrows the tubes moving air in and out of the lungs. And it’s common. Based on current trends, Stowell’s team now estimates that within another 25 years or so, there will be some 155,000 more asthma-related hospital visits each year in the West-just from exposure to wildfire smoke. Children, teens and younger adults may face the biggest risks. 32. What does the underlined word “trigger” most likely mean in paragraph 1? A. Cause. B. Prevent. C. Destroy. D. Assess. 33. How does wildfire smoke worsen asthma? A. By inflaming and narrowing the airways. B. By producing more and tinier aerosols in the air. C. By helping tiny aerosols to enter the airways. D. By reducing the lungs’ surface exposed to the air. 34. Why are aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide especially worrisome? A. They can go deep into the airways. B. They cause difficulties in breathing. C. They exist everywhere in the world. D. They are hard to remove from the air. 35. What is the best title for this text? A. How wildfire smoke takes place B. Why kids tend to suffer from asthma C. Wildfire smoke and aerosols in the air D. Wildfire smoke brings kids big health risks 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了野火烟雾对儿童健康的严重影响，特别是对哮喘的影响。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段最后一句“New data now show wildfire smoke can cause or even worsen asthma problems.(新的数据显示，野火烟雾会导致甚至加重哮喘问题。)”可知，野火烟雾会导致甚至加重哮喘问题，所以野火烟雾似乎对孩子们的健康造成了最大的威胁。划线单词trigger的意义为“引发”或“导致”，与动词cause意义一致。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的句子“Wildfire smoke contains more and tinier dust-sized particles and droplets.(野火烟雾含有更多和更小的尘埃大小的颗粒和液滴。)”和第四段的句子“Aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide are especially worrisome. At that size, they can be breathed deeply into the lungs. The tinier these pollutants are, the more deeply they can enter the airways to settle in and do harm.(直径不超过2.5微米的气溶胶尤其令人担忧。这样的大小，它们可以被深深吸入肺部。这些污染物越小，它们就越能深入到呼吸道深处并沉积下来造成危害。)”可知，野火烟雾通过在空气中产生更多更小的气溶胶，导致哮喘症状恶化。故选B项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“Aerosols no more than 2.5 micrometers wide are especially worrisome. At that size, they can be breathed deeply into the lungs. The tinier these pollutants are, the more deeply they can enter the airways to settle in and do harm. Studies have shown small ones can even go into the brain.(直径不超过2.5微米的气溶胶尤其令人担忧。这样的大小，它们可以被深深吸入肺部。这些污染物越小，它们就越能深入到呼吸道深处并沉积下来造成危害。研究表明，小的甚至可以进入大脑。)”可知，直径不超过2.5微米的气溶胶特别令人担忧，因为它们可以深入肺部。故选A项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“New studies show wildfire smoke seems to trigger its biggest health risk to kids.(新的研究表明，野火烟雾似乎对孩子们的健康造成了最大的威胁)”以及文章整体内容可知，主要讨论了野火烟雾对儿童健康的影响，特别是对哮喘的影响。所以，D项“Wildfire smoke brings kids big health risks(野火烟雾给孩子们带来了巨大的健康风险)”能够概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? ___36___ But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. ___37___ They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. ___38___ Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. ___39___ While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. ___40___ All in all, making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E. What’s more, new friends can give you some fresh ideas. F. Older friends have already gone through the challenges you are facing. G. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了与不同年龄段的人交朋友能带来诸多益处，并介绍了结交跨代朋友的方法。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? (你的朋友都是谁？他们年龄都和你相仿吗？)” 以及下文“But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. (但你可以通过与比你年轻或年长的人交朋友来拓宽你的社交圈，并获得丰富生活的益处。)” 可知，选项承上启下，先说明有同龄人朋友很自然，再通过转折引出与不同年龄段人交朋友的话题。故D选项“当然，有和你年龄相仿的朋友是很自然的” 符合语境，故选D。 37题详解】 根据小标题是“Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. (有年长的朋友可以改变你对生活的态度。)”，以及下文“They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. (他们当过年轻父母，经历过失业，能帮助你度过你自己生活中的这些变化。)” 可知，与小标题呼应，解释年长朋友能改变对生活态度的原因。故F选项“年长的朋友已经经历过你正在面临的挑战。” 符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据上文“When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. (当老年人与年轻人交朋友时，他们可以分享自己的经验，这是非常有意义的。对人类来说，给予是有益的。给予你的智慧和关注会让你感觉更好。)” 可知，选项承接前文，进一步阐述分享经验、给予他人对自身的积极影响。A选项“这赋予你意义，并且对你的心理健康有益。” 符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据下文“While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. (虽然结交新朋友看似可怕，但实际上比你想象的容易。你可以先想想你的熟人或同事，看看他们中是否有人与你有共同的价值观和兴趣，并且可能成为好朋友。然后看看你是否可以约个咖啡时间。此外，你可以考虑参加你的同事或熟人参加的课程。)” 可知，选项引出后文关于结交跨代朋友的具体方法。故C选项“那么你如何结交跨代朋友呢？” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选C。 【40题详解】 根据上文 “Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. (此外，你可以考虑参加你的同事或熟人参加的课程。)” 可知，选项续介绍结交跨代朋友的其他方式。故G选项“人们认为参加像志愿服务这样的活动也是一种有效的方式。” 符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 During the holiday season in 2015, Felicia Hall was battling depression. “I was unhappy, overeating fast food at night and not really ___41___ myself. I wasn’t physically active, and always felt tired,” she says. It wasn’t until New Year that Hall wanted to make a (n) ___42___. A friend recommended a workout program, and she ___43___ to sign up. “I registered, though not believing I can keep on. I even set a ___44___ on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended,” says Hall. “Within two weeks, I did not ___45___. So I deleted the note.” The ___46___ gained from the workout program also got her running. “I loved the sound of ___47___ my feet on the ground, knowing my body was ___48___ of doing that,” she says. Hall also ___49___ her habit of eating late-night fast-food and started cooking healthy meals. After five months, Hall lost 20 pounds and gained a new ____50____ on exercise, and on life. She consistently ____51____ the workout program community group for support. And she ____52____ started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown. ____53____, she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. “To be physically able to exercise and continue to grow with it — it’s a(n) ____54____ gift,” she says. “People not experiencing it aren’t aware of what something like this can do for a person. It’s not just physical—it’s ____55____. It’s everything.” 41. A. depending on B. caring for C. figuring out D. calming down 42. A. apology B. living C. change D. deal 43. A. continued B. decided C. managed D. promised 44. A. timetable B. record C. monitor D. reminder 45. A. quit B. forget C. hesitate D. mind 46. A. weight B. freedom C. clue D. confidence 47. A. laying B. relaxing C. hitting D. curing 48. A. capable B. afraid C. sure D. sick 49. A. restored B. enriched C. rescheduled D. transformed 50. A. focus B. impact C. emphasis D. remark 51. A. turned to B. gave up C. appealed to D. take in 52. A. even B. still C. ever D. almost 53. A. By chance B. Above all C. On average D. At first 54. A. amazing B. original C. virtual D. usual 55. A. final B. special C. mental D. formal 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了费莉西亚·霍尔在2015年假期期间因抑郁症而不快乐、饮食不规律且缺乏运动。新年后，她决定改变，参加健身计划并坚持下来。这个过程让她学会了积极思考和自我信念，认为锻炼不仅是身体上的改变，也是精神上的提升。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不开心，晚上暴饮暴食快餐，也不太关心自己。A. depending on依靠；B. caring for关心；C. figuring out弄明白；D. calming down冷静下来。根据上文“I was unhappy, overeating fast food at night”可知，作者不开心，所以不太“关心”自己。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到新年，霍尔才想做出改变。A. apology道歉；B. living生活；C. change改变；D. deal交易。根据后文“A friend recommended a workout program, and she ___3___ to sign up.”可知，霍尔想要改变现状，所以报名了一个锻炼项目。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个朋友推荐了一个锻炼项目，她决定报名参加。A. continued继续；B. decided决定；C. managed设法完成；D. promised承诺。根据后文“I registered”可知，霍尔“决定”报名参加锻炼项目。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至在手机里设了一个提醒，要在免费试用期结束前取消它。A. timetable时间表；B. record记录；C. monitor监控器；D. reminder提醒。根据后文“on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended”可知，霍尔设了一个“提醒”，要在免费试用期结束前取消报名。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周内，我没有退出。A. quit退出；B. forget忘记；C. hesitate犹豫；D. mind介意。根据后文“So I deleted the note.”可知，霍尔没有退出锻炼项目，所以删除了那个提醒。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从锻炼项目中获得的自信也让她开始跑步。A. weight重量；B. freedom自由；C. clue线索；D. confidence自信。根据后文“she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief”可知，霍尔从锻炼项目中获得了“自信”。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢听我的脚击打地面的声音，知道我的身体有能力做到这一点。A. laying放置；B. relaxing放松；C. hitting击打；D. curing治愈。根据后文“my feet on the ground”可知，此处指脚“击打”地面的声音。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. capable有能力的；B. afraid害怕的；C. sure确定的；D. sick生病的。根据前文“I loved the sound of ___7___ my feet on the ground”可知，霍尔喜欢跑步，由此可知她知道自己身体“有能力”做到跑步这件事。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍尔还改变了吃夜宵快餐的习惯，开始烹饪健康餐。A. restored恢复；B. enriched使丰富；C. rescheduled重新安排；D. transformed改变。根据后文“started cooking healthy meals”可知，霍尔“改变”了吃夜宵快餐的习惯。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，霍尔瘦了20磅，对锻炼有了新的认识，对生活也有了新的认识。A. focus焦点；B. impact影响；C. emphasis重点；D. remark评论。根据后文“on exercise, and on life”可知，霍尔对锻炼和生活有了新的“影响/认识”。have an impact on对……有影响/认识。故选B项。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析句意：她不断向锻炼项目社区群体寻求支持。A. turned to转向，求助于；B. gave up放弃；C. appealed to呼吁；D. take in吸收。根据后文“the workout program community group for support”可知，霍尔不断向锻炼项目社区群体“求助”。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她甚至在家乡开始教团体健身课。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. ever曾经；D. almost几乎。根据上文“And she ___12___ started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown”可知，霍尔不断寻求支持，由此可知，她在家乡“甚至”开始教团体健身课，表示霍尔对健身的热爱程度之深。故选A项。 【53题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，她学会了积极思考和自我信任的力量。A. By chance偶然；B. Above all最重要的是；C. On average平均而言；D. At first起初。根据后文“she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief”可知，这是霍尔最重要的收获，所以此处表示“最重要的是”。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从身体上来说，能够锻炼并继续成长，这是一份令人惊叹的礼物。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. original原始的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. usual通常的。根据后文“People not experiencing it aren’t aware of what something like this can do for a person.”可知，霍尔认为能够锻炼并继续成长是一份“令人惊叹的”礼物。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不仅仅是身体上的——它是精神上的。A. final最后的；B. special特别的；C. mental精神上的；D. formal正式的。根据上文“Felicia Hall was battling depression.”和“she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. ”可知，霍尔认为锻炼它不仅仅是身体上的，更是“精神上”上的。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most of the United Kingdom area is surrounded by the sea, which ____56____ (enhance) the land’s beauty. Tower Bridge is known as one of the attractive UK landmarks, ____57____ (locate) near the Tower of London. It is one of the iconic landmarks of the UK’s capital city. It is a movable and stretchable bridge, and it has two sides that can be lifted and down ____58____ (let) huge ships pass through. Don’t be fooled by its old-fashioned appearance. Tower Bridge ____59____ (design) to look a lot older than it is, so as to match the Tower of London. It was built between 1886 and 1894. It’s ____60____ (relative) new when you compare it to the Tower of London, ____61____ dates back to 1066! On 30th June 1894, the Prince and Princess of Wales officially opened the bridge, with huge celebrations ____62____ (take) place in the area. Official ____63____ (invitation) were sent out to notable guests and on the day the royal party paraded across the bridge in carriages. Whenever you go to the English capital ____64____ your family, you must visit this tower bridge. It is a very fantastic experience. It is ____65____ unique source of entertainment for kids as well. 【答案】56. enhances 57. located 58. to let 59. was designed 60. relatively 61. which 62. taking 63. invitations 64. with 65. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国伦敦的标志性建筑——塔桥，包括其历史、设计特点以及与伦敦塔的关系。 【56题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：英国大部分地区被大海包围，这增强了陆地的美丽。句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少谓语，which指代先行词the sea，为第三人称单数，且描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填enhances。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：塔桥是英国最具吸引力的地标之一，位于伦敦塔附近。句中is known为谓语动词，locate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Tower Bridge构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，置于名词后。故填located。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一座可移动和可伸缩的桥梁，它有两面可以升起和放下，让大型船只通过。句中can be lifted为谓语动词，let在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为目的状语，应用不定式。故填to let。 【59题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：不要被它过时的外表所迷惑。塔桥的设计看起来比实际要老得多，以便与伦敦塔相匹配。此处为谓语动词，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，同时句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was designed。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：与伦敦塔相比，它相对较新，伦敦塔的历史可以追溯到1066年！修饰后文形容词new应用副词relatively，作状语。故填relatively。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与伦敦塔相比，它相对较新，伦敦塔的历史可以追溯到1066年！此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Tower of London，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1894年6月30日，威尔士亲王和王妃正式开通了这座桥，该地区举行了盛大的庆祝活动。此处为with的复合结构“with+n./pron.+doing”，故用现在分词作宾补。故填taking。 【63题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：官方邀请函已发给贵宾，当天皇室成员乘车在桥上游行。invitation为可数名词，由official修饰且空前无冠词，应用复数形式，作主语。故填invitations。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：无论你和家人什么时候去英国首都，你必须参观这座塔桥。结合句意表示“和……一起”可知短语为go with sb.。故填with。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它也是孩子们独特的娱乐来源。source为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且unique是辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假定你是山东某国际学校的学生会主席李华，下个月，你校将举办科幻短篇小说创作大赛，请你根据以下要点提示在校英文网站上写一则通知，内容包括： 1.比赛目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交作品的时间及地点等。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Notice To enrich our campus life, develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science, our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month. If you’re a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing, you are welcome to participate in it. According to the rules, your works must be original and 5, 000 words or so would be fine. If it appeals to you, please send your works to the office of the Students’ Union before next Friday. Come and join us! The Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则通知，介绍下个月你校将举办的科幻短篇小说创作大赛，包括比赛目的、参赛要求和提交作品的时间及地点等。 【详解】1.词汇积累 擅长做某事：be good at doing sth.→do well in doing sth. 参加：participate in→take part in 必须：must→have to 吸引某人：appeal to sb.→attract sb. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enrich our campus life, develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science, our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month. 拓展句：Our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month, whose aim is to enrich our campus life, develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science. 【点睛】【高分句型1】If you’re a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing, you are welcome to participate in it. (运用了If引导的条件状语从句) 【高分句型2】If it appeals to you, please send your works to the office of the Students’ Union before next Friday. (运用了If引导的条件状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It took place in a teacher’s family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school, when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother’s favorite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hurriedly and put the vase back to its place. As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbor’s cat jumped in from the window and he couldn’t drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son's nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members, Ben’s mother remained calm. She realized she shouldn’t just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea. Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became. In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mother's face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a drawer and gave him one. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The mother said, “This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!” _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now with the chocolates in hand, the boy got up his courage to tell the truth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The mother said, “This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!” Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben felt his cheeks turning red. He lowered his head and muttered a thank-you. Surprisingly, the mother took out another chocolate and pressed it into his hand. “This one is for the delicate repair work you did to the broken vase.” She added that she was moved by how much the boy treasured the family possessions. At these hearty remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame through his veins, ducking his head even lower. Now with the chocolates in hand, the boy got up his courage to tell the truth. He admitted that it was not the cat but he who had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment. “I'm sorry I lied to you, Mum. Please take back the chocolates.” He opened his palm wide, ready to return the chocolates. To his surprise, however, his mother placed the whole bag of chocolates in his hand, smiling. “Honesty deserves the best reward, my dear.” Ben laughed in relief. Now he came to realize that honesty is really the best policy. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben不小心打碎了妈妈珍爱的古董花瓶，并撒谎说是邻居家的猫打碎的，妈妈知道真相后并没有直接责备他，而是用两块巧克力巧妙地让Ben认识到了自己的错误，并勇敢地承认了撒谎的行为。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句“妈妈说：‘这块巧克力是对你想象力的奖励：一只开窗的猫！’”可知，第一段可描写妈妈如何用巧克力让Ben意识到自己的错误行为。 ②由第二段首句“现在手里拿着巧克力，男孩鼓起勇气说出了真相。”可知，第二段可描写Ben勇敢地承认了错误后妈妈的反应，以及妈妈的教导和Ben的领悟。 2.续写线索： 奖励想象力——奖励修补工作——Ben感到羞愧——承认错误——请求惩罚——妈妈给予奖励——Ben意识到诚实的重要性 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①低声说：mutter/murmur ②奖励：reward/give a prize to ③修补：repair/mend ④承认：admit/confess 情感类： ①认可，赞善：appreciation/acknowledgment ②感动：moved/touched ③羞愧：shame/disgrace 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben felt his cheeks turning red.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型 2]. She added that she was moved by how much the boy treasured the family possessions.（运用了that引导宾语从句和how much引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$