Unit 1 Friendship Welcome& Reading 知识点归纳 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 1 Friendship Welcome& Reading 1. What makes your friend so special?什么使得你的朋友如此特别? make 动词,意为“使成为”、“使作为”、“使变成”, 其后的复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)有以下表达方式: (1) make sb./sth. + 形容词 意为“使某人或某物......”。如: Our English teacher always makes his class lively. 我们英语老师总是让他的课堂很活泼。 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult. 新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易, 而不是变得更加困难。 (2) make sb. + 名词 意为“使某人成为......”。如: Most pop singers make music their career. 大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。 (3) make sb. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”。 Nothing can make me turn against my country.什么也不能使我背叛我的祖国。 (4) make it +形容词 + to do sth. 意为“使做某事......”。如: Don't make it impossible to realize your dream. 不要让实现你的梦想成为不可能。 2. They don't lie to you, so you can trust him. 他们不会向你撒谎,所以你可以信任他。 lie& lay lie-lied-lied 说谎;撒谎;编造谎言 She lied when she told me she was only 29. 她告诉我她才29岁时撒谎了。 lie-lay-lain 躺,平卧;平放;处于,保留;坐落 The book lay open on his desk. 那本书摊开放在他的书桌上。 These machines have lain idle since the factory closed. 工厂关闭以来,这些机器就一直闲置着。 lay-laid-laid 放置,安放,下(蛋) She laid the baby down gently on the bed. 她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。 3. You like to spend time with them because they make you happy. 你喜欢和他们待在一起,因为他们让你开心。 (1) spend的宾语通常是时间、金钱,在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人。常用结构是spend some time/ money (in) doing sth.或spend some time/ money on sth. 如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书。 (2) take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语。 如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间? (3) cost 指花费时间金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态。如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱? (4) pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)。 如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金。 4. Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class. 同学们,谢谢你们分享想法。 thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 5. What does he or she look like? 他/她长什么样子? look like 看起来像 (常用来询问某人的外貌) She looks like her mother. 她长得像她的妈妈。 【比较】be like 像…..一样 ,指品德、性格等。 如果询问人的性格、人品时,多用What be(am/is/are)…like —What’s he like 他是个什么样的人呢? —He’s friendly and kind. 他友好善良。 6. Her hair is longer than mine, and she usually wears her hair in a ponytail. 她的头发比我的长,她通常扎着马尾辫。 比较级+than...:……比……较为……。即:“A +动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”。两者相比较,A比B更……一些。例如: His brother is younger than I(me). 他弟弟比我年轻。 Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. 北京比武汉更漂亮。 7. Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 贝蒂友好且乐于助人,她愿意随时帮助别人。 (1) be ready to do sth. 准备做某事 (2) any time,也可以写做anytime,“(在)任何时候”。短语any time前既可以加“at”,也可以不加;副词anytime前不要加at。如: Call me (at) any time. I’m always at home. 随时给我打电话。我一直在家。 He can leave anytime he wants. 他可以在任何他想的时间离开。 8. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork. 她总是把公交车上的座位让给有需要的人,她经常帮助我们做功课。 (1) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事;戒除;投降; I decided to give up smoking. 我决定戒烟。 (2) help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 9. When something worries me, I always go to her. 当有心烦的事情的时候,我总是去找她。 (1) worry及物动词:What worried you so much? 什么让你如此担忧? (2) worry不及物动词:worry about/ over They are worrying about the coming exam. 他们在担心即将到来的考试。 (3) be worried about 担忧,强调担忧的状态。 10. She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well. 她总是耐心倾听,非常理解我。 (1) enough adj. 足够的,充足的 enough water 充足的水(放在名词前面) good enough 足够好(放在形容词后面) (2) enough to和too... to的转换。enough的句式为否定式,转换后的too…to结构中的形容词(副词)要用其相应的反义词。如: He is not old enough to do the work.=He is too young to do the work. The problem is too difficult for me to work out.=The problem isn’t easy enough for me to work out. 11. He is the tallest boy in our class-almost 1.8 metres. 他是我们班最高的男生——将近1米8。 形容词最高级: 我们用“the+最高级+比较范围”的结构来表示在某一范围内“最……”。介词of和among 后面接表示范围的人或物,in后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。如: (1) I am the tallest of/ among the three. 我是三个人中最高的。 (2) Russia is the largest country in the world by area. 俄罗斯是世界上面积最大的国家。 12. They make him look a little bit funny. 眼镜让他看起来有点搞笑。 (1) a bit含义:“稍微,有点儿”。它通常用于修饰形容词或副词,表示程度上的轻微增加或减少。用法:可以直接放在形容词或副词前,也可以构成固定短语“not a bit”(一点也不)和“a bit of”(一点儿)。 如:She is a bit tired.(她有点累。) 固定短语示例:I'm not a bit hungry.(我一点儿也不饿。) There's a bit of cake left.(还剩下一点儿蛋糕。) (2) a little含义:“少量,稍许”。它既可以修饰不可数名词,也可以修饰形容词或副词,同样表示程度上的轻微变化。用法:直接放在所修饰的名词、形容词或副词前。 如:There is a little water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一点儿水。) He is a little taller than his brother.(他比他哥哥高一点。) (3) a little bit含义:“一点点,稍微”。这个短语与“a bit”相似,但语气上可能更加委婉或强调程度的微小。用法:放在形容词或副词前,可以看作是“a bit”的一种变体或加强形式。 如:The dress is a little bit tight.(这条裙子有点紧。) 13. Max has a great sense of humor. 马克斯很有幽默感。 sense of direction 方向感 sense e of hunger 饥饿感 14. You will never feel bored with him around. 有他在身边,你永远不会觉得无聊。 (1) with him around 是 with 的复合结构,即“with +宾语+宾语补足语”,在句中做伴随状语。如: Amy stood there with her mouth open, but said nothing. 埃米站在那儿,张着嘴却一言未发。 (2) bored 意思是“厌倦的,烦闷的”,常用搭配为 be bored with sb/sth。如: She is not bored with her life in this small town.她并不厌倦在这个小镇上的生活。 15. Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying. 有时我想放弃困难的任务,他总是鼓励我继续尝试。 (1) 短语 feel like doing sth 意思是“想做某事”。如: Do you feel like learning English with me? 你想要和我一起学英语吗? (2) 短语 give up on 意思是“对……不抱希望”。如: I will never give. up on the project.我绝不会放弃那个项目。 (3) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 You should encourage your friend to keep pursuing their dreams! 你应该鼓励你的朋友继续追求他们的梦想! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$