精品解析：北京市房山区2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

房山区2024-2025学年度第二学期学业水平调研(二) 高二英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed from an earlier injury. I had doubted whether or not I should attend the ____1____. But there I was, ready for the 1,000-meter run. “Ready… set…” The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed ahead of me. I felt ____2____ as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest ____3____ I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. “Maybe I should ____4____, I thought as I moved on. However, I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran in pain and decided not to ____5____ in track next year. It wouldn’t be worth it, even if my foot did heal. When I finished, I heard a cheer — ____6____ than the one I’d heard earlier. I turned around and sure enough, the boys were preparing for their race. “They must be cheering for the boys.” I was leaving when several girls came up to me. “Wow, you’ve got courage!” one of them told me. “Courage? I just ____7____ a race!” I thought. “I would have given up on the first lap,” said another girl. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?” Suddenly I regained ____8____. I decided to stick with track next year. I realized strength and courage aren’t always ____9____ in medals and victories, but in the ____10____ we overcome. The strongest people are not always the people who win, but the people who don’t give up when they lose. 1. A. class B. event C. interview D. ceremony 2. A. excited B. astonished C. ashamed D. frightened 3. A. cheer B. cry C. ring D. noise 4. A. go on B. speed up C. slow down D. drop out 5. A. play B. compete C. arrive D. practice 6. A. lower B. longer C. louder D. weaker 7. A. lost B. led C. won D. quit 8. A. reward B. interest C. hope D. experience 9. A. praised B. collected C. tested D. measured 10. A. sadness B. challenges C. crises D. tiredness 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Daniel Defoe was an English writer best known for his novel Robinson Crusoe, although he also ____11____(write) hundreds of other works. He published Robinson Crusoe in 1719 ____12____ the age of 59. Today, it remains one of the most famous tales of survival ever told. Countless readers have been encouraged by Robinson Crusoe’s qualities, ____13____ go beyond his survival on a desert island. Such qualities can help us cope in a crisis, no matter what or where it is. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 It is true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t ____14____ (overlook). It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first ____15____ (impress) on others and boost your confidence. Being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence, ____16____ (know) that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier! C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Cunningham always used simple, ____17____(relative) cheap cameras to take pictures. He liked to photograph ordinary people. He found inspiration where others could not, in simple, different ____18____(scene) from everyday life. He would go out onto the streets every day, regardless of the weather. His hard work is reflected within his photos. This is ____19____ makes them so special. His approach to life was uncomplicated. He never accepted the benefits ____20____(offer) to him for being a fashion photographer. His passion for photography lasted throughout his life. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Although scientists have been working on it, an earthquake cannot be predicted accurately. We know earthquakes usually last less than one minute, but the effects are often disastrous. So it’s quite necessary to know what to do when you actually meet one. Before an Earthquake ● Identify safe places such as one under a firm piece of furniture in your home, or under a desk in your school so that when the shaking starts, you drop to the ground, cover your head and neck with your arms. If a safer place is nearby, crawl to it and hold on. ●To react quickly, you must often practise how to “Drop, Cover and Hold On!” You may only have seconds to protect yourself in an earthquake. ● Prepare a survival kit. Store important supplies (e.g. water and medicine) and documents. During an Earthquake If you are inside a building: ● Stay where you are until the shaking stops. Do not head for the doorway as this does not provide protection from falling or flying objects, and you may not be able to remain standing. Do not use the elevator or lift. ● Drop to the ground (before the earthquake drops you)! ● Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling things. Stay away from glass, windows and anything that could fall. ● Hold on to any strong covering so that you can move with it until the shaking stops. If you are outside: When you feel the shaking, move away from buildings, streetlights, trees and electric wires. Once in the open, “Drop, Cover and Hold On.” Stay there until the shaking stops. If you are in a moving vehicle when you feel the shaking, stop as quickly and safely as possible and stay in the vehicle. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses and electric wires. After an Earthquake ● Look around. If there is a clear path to safety, leave the building and go to an open space. Once safe, follow local news through radio, TV, social media, and mobile phone texts for information and instructions from authorities. ● If you are trapped, don’t be panic. Do not move about. Use a cellphone, knock on pipes or walls, or use a whistle, if you have one. 21. According to the passage, why is it necessary to practice “Drop, Cover and Hold On”? A. Because it helps people identify safe places faster. B. Because it helps people react quickly during earthquakes. C Because it enables people to collect data for earthquake research. D. Because it enables people to effectively prepare their survival kits. 22. If you are outside a building when an earthquake occurs, you should ________. A. run quickly to the nearest doorway B. find shelter under a tree or an overpass C. move away from buildings or electric wires D. stand still in an open area to avoid falling things 23. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To provide safety guidelines for earthquakes. B. To analyze the destructive effects of earthquakes. C. To promote essential disaster preparedness supplies. D. To explain the scientific challenges of earthquake prediction. B During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events. The event attracted 450 participants from over 40 countries and regions worldwide and showcased more than 1,000 instruments, including violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Yan Xiaoyang, 68, from Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, spent over a decade establishing himself as a top violin maker. When he was 14, Yan first encountered the violin purchased by his father. “My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,” Yan recalled. Three years later, with his woodworking skills, Yan crafted his first violin. “Although the sound quality was unsatisfactory, it marked the first step,” he said. “Since then, handmade violins have been my hobby.” In 2014, Yan fulfilled his long-cherished dream of learning professional violin making under the guidance of the international violin maker Chang Zhongqiu. “Under Chang’s guidance, I gradually grasped the essence of violin making and successfully produced high-quality violins,” he said. “I also received guidance from the international violin-making master Zheng Quan, which further emphasized my attention to detail in violin making and perfect musical expression.” In 2019, Yan began participating in various international violin-making competitions. The standards for competition violins, especially regarding craftsmanship, are extremely strict. “There are more than 100 processes in the violin craftsmanship and each must be done with great care,” he said. “Violin making involves many crucial processes that determine the instrument’s sound and quality, such as crafting the top and back plates.” To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each. “I measure the thickness of each point with a micrometer,” he said. “Excellent violin makers need to adhere to craftsmanship standards strictly and undergo repeated adjustments to achieve the instrument’s desired sound state.” By following the paths of our predecessors, he aimed to create a more classic, better and perfect instrument. 24. What can we learn about Yan Xiaoyang’s achievement? A. He pioneered Ningxia’s first international craftsman award. B. He was the oldest participant in the competition held in Indiana. C. His skills attracted 450 participants from more than 40 countries to Ningxia. D. His award is Ningxia’s top honor in international violin-making competitions. 25. What inspired Yan Xiaoyang to make his own violin? A. His early interest in woodworking. B. Limited access to the violin bought by his father. C. His desire to achieve perfection in instrument making. D. Guidance from international violin master Zheng Quan. 26. Why did Yan design the top and back plates with 68 points on each? A. To reduce the time required for violin production. B. To follow the standard set by violin-making masters. C. To ensure a balanced tone through plate thickness control. D. To demonstrate his unique use of micrometers in violin making. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. True craftsmen set the trend for artists. B. True craftsmen lead to new inventions. C. Great craftsmanship blooms from talent and patience. D. Great craftsmanship lies in devotion and perseverance. C Humans are not the only fashionistas. Even small birds like tits (山雀) can follow colour trends. A study published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology shows that given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season’s must-have colour. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up the work published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱线) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for incorporation into local birds’ nests. But which particular colour was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others. Williams’s work was, however, forgotten until Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin came across it while following up on a different study. The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue, great and marsh tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carry transponders fitted to them. That allows the institute’s researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by logging their arrival at dispensers (分配器). One day in March 2021, Dr. Wild, Dr. Aplin and their collaborators deployed five RFID-enabled dispensers loaded with wool rather than food. Each contained strands of two colours — either orange and pink or blue and purple — but all were set to dispense only one of these. This remained so until at least one local nest was seen to include wool from a dispenser. At that moment, the other colour was made available, too. As a control, Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin set up, in a separate area, four further wool-dispensers, each of which provided two colours from the start. Of 68 tits’ nests built that season in the experimental areas, 26 included wool from a dispenser. Of these, 18 were constructed after both colours had become available from all dispensers. Even so, ten of those 18 included only the colour of wool first chosen by a nest-builder. By contrast, all eight wool-bearing nests in the control zone contained a mixture of colours — a statistically significant difference. Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend” when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders, since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are arbitrary. A bit like those of the leaders of human fashions. 28. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin build their study upon Williams’s earlier work? A. By focusing on purple nest decoration materials. B. By observing the same tit species in Williams’s garden. C. By using tracking technology to test Williams’s finding. D. By copying his experiment with the same coloured yarns. 29. What can be learned from the research of Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin? A. They used RFID-enabled dispensers to observe the living habits of the birds. B. They conducted a controlled experiment on the birds’ colour preferences. C. Multicoloured wool strands were released together from the start. D. Food was supplied to the birds through the dispensers. 30. What does the word “obscure” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Unclear. B. Apparent. C. Unexpected. D. Reasonable. 31. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To call on people to protect the diverse species of tits. B. To suggest that younger tits set the fashion for the season. C. To inform that tits can be fashion followers just like humans. D. To present some effective methods applied in scientific research. D Even if you don’t worry that artificial intelligence (AI) will destroy the human race, you might worry that its fearsome appetite for electricity will destroy the environment. Asking ChatGPT a question means using ten times more energy than an old-fashioned search query. But the fear of disaster is unnecessary. In absolute terms, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can help decarbonise the industries that have proved hardest to clean up. Consider AI’s appetite for energy first. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that electricity consumption by data centres could as much as treble in the next five years. Even if energy usage soars, though, the base is still low. Data centres today account for about 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption—and the vast majority of that is due to streaming, social media and online shopping, not AI. Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy. AI excels at identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and perfecting systems, all of which can help reduce emissions. AI is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical grids (电网), cut fuel use in shipping and spot otherwise invisible leaks of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximise such benefits while minimising the climate impacts. The first is to rethink how data centres operate. The IEA notes that being able to shift workloads between different data centres at different times could reduce strain and help balance energy grids. More flexible data centres would also be a better match for the intermittent power produced by renewables such as wind and solar. Second, tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises. Microsoft, for instance, aims to become “carbon negative” by 2030. A better approach would be for the tech firms to use the influence that their large demand for energy gives them to accelerate the decarbonisation of grids. They could help unblock the deployment (部署) of clean energy more widely by pushing for planning reform, and go further in supporting the development and expansion of alternative sources such as geothermal and nuclear power. Doubling down on such approaches would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero. 32. Why can AI contribute to reducing emissions? A. Because it can increase the use of renewable energy. B. Because it can handle large data sets and improve systems. C. Because it consumes only about 1.5% of the world’s electricity. D. Because it reduces energy consumption by streaming and social media. 33. According to the passage, what should tech companies do? A. Reduce data center energy use by using less AI technology. B. Establish specialized data centers for climate impact prediction. C. Develop their own power supply systems to support their operations. D. Use their energy demand influence to promote clean energy deployment. 34. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. How AI Could Help the Climate B. How AI Could Improve Shipping C. Can Al Boost Economic Development? D. Can AI Promote Electrical Grid Construction? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning styles refer to an individual’s preferred or most effective way of learning. Each student has his or her own method. ____35____ The four most common learning styles are: visual, auditory, kinesthetic and reading/writing. Your learning style determines how you access information. Visual learners best understand information by using their eyes. ____36____ Watching videos, and looking at illustrations are also great tools for a visual learner. They may speak quickly and prefer to work alone rather than in groups. Auditory learners prefer to listen to information rather than read it or see it visually displayed. They work well in a classroom setting and learn quickly through guidance and stories. They tend to be good listeners. They also learn quickly by listening to lectures and participating in group discussions. ____37____ They use their senses to work on new skills and rely heavily on muscle memory. These learners learn best by doing and tend to have good coordination and best remember what they do. Typically, they enjoy building, making or creating things. Reading/Writing learners are extremely comfortable with the written word ____38____ They love to make lists and prefer written directions. The traditional lecture and note-taking environment works well for this learning style. We all learn differently. We all have our own approach to learning, based on our experience, practice, and innate preferences for what works. Everyone learns best if we are able to experience a lesson in a way that makes sense to us. Some students are comfortable with one particular learning style, while others tend to use multiple styles. ____39____ A. They prefer to gain information by reading texts. B. Kinesthetic learners are the most hands-on learning type. C. Kinesthetic learners can easily understand what others are saying. D. This type of learner has difficulty working quietly for long periods of time. E. But we can all learn things more easily and quickly with our preferred styles. F. Knowing your learning style can help you find the best way to learn new skills. G. They absorb and remember information when it is presented in pictures, diagrams or maps. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请答题卡指定区域作答。 Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. “No country has a free pass — we found plastic from everywhere,” said one scientist. Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”. The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will more than triple by 2050. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish. However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you? To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste. So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. “Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about in the past,” he says. “Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!” 40. What alarming discovery did the scientists make during their visit to tiny Henderson Island? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What can we do to reduce plastic waste in our daily lives? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件请你介绍一位你最敬佩的具有工匠精神的中国著名人物。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 该人物的主要事迹； 2. 该人物对你的影响。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 房山区2024-2025学年度第二学期学业水平调研(二) 高二英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed from an earlier injury. I had doubted whether or not I should attend the ____1____. But there I was, ready for the 1,000-meter run. “Ready… set…” The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed ahead of me. I felt ____2____ as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest ____3____ I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. “Maybe I should ____4____, I thought as I moved on. However, I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran in pain and decided not to ____5____ in track next year. It wouldn’t be worth it, even if my foot did heal. When I finished, I heard a cheer — ____6____ than the one I’d heard earlier. I turned around and sure enough, the boys were preparing for their race. “They must be cheering for the boys.” I was leaving when several girls came up to me. “Wow, you’ve got courage!” one of them told me. “Courage? I just ____7____ a race!” I thought. “I would have given up on the first lap,” said another girl. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?” Suddenly I regained ____8____. I decided to stick with track next year. I realized strength and courage aren’t always ____9____ in medals and victories, but in the ____10____ we overcome. The strongest people are not always the people who win, but the people who don’t give up when they lose. 1. A. class B. event C. interview D. ceremony 2. A. excited B. astonished C. ashamed D. frightened 3. A. cheer B. cry C. ring D. noise 4. A. go on B. speed up C. slow down D. drop out 5. A. play B. compete C. arrive D. practice 6. A. lower B. longer C. louder D. weaker 7. A. lost B. led C. won D. quit 8. A. reward B. interest C. hope D. experience 9. A. praised B. collected C. tested D. measured 10. A. sadness B. challenges C. crises D. tiredness 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在脚受伤未愈的情况下，坚持参加区运动会1000米赛跑的经历。尽管过程中作者感到痛苦和羞愧，甚至一度想要放弃，但最终还是坚持跑完了全程。在听到观众为她的坚持而欢呼时，作者重新找回了希望，并意识到真正的力量和勇气不在于赢得奖牌和胜利，而在于面对挑战时不放弃的精神。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾怀疑自己是否应该参加这个活动。A. class班级；B. event活动；C. interview采访；D. ceremony仪式。根据前文“It was the district sports meet.”可知，作者在犹豫是否要参加运动会这个活动。故选B。 2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我越来越落后时，我感到很羞愧。A. excited兴奋的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“The other girls rushed ahead of me.”以及后文“as I fell farther and farther behind”可知，看到别人都跑到自己前面，自己越来越落后，作者感到很羞愧。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我在运动会上听到的最响亮的欢呼声。A. cheer欢呼声；B. cry哭声；C. ring铃声；D. noise噪音。根据前文““Hooray!” shouted the crowd.”可知，这是作者在运动会上听到的最大的欢呼声。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“也许我该退出，”我边跑边想。A. go on继续；B. speed up加速；C. slow down减速；D. drop out退出。根据后文“I decided to keep going”可知，作者想过要放弃、退出比赛。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最后两圈时，我跑得很痛苦，决定明年不再参加田径比赛。A. play玩耍；B. compete比赛；C. arrive到达；D. practice练习。根据前文“During the last two laps, I ran in pain and decided not to”可知，作者跑得很痛苦，决定明年不再参加比赛了，compete in“参加比赛”。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我完成时，我听到了欢呼声 —— 比之前听到的更响亮。A. lower更低的；B. longer更长的；C. louder更大声的；D. weaker更弱的。根据前文““Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest”以及后文“than the one I’d heard earlier”可知，此处指比之前听到的更大声的欢呼声。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“勇气？我刚刚输了一场比赛！”我想。A. lost丢失；B. led带领；C. won赢得；D. quit放弃。根据前文“he first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she crossed the finish line.”可知，作者在比赛中远远落后，可知她认为自己输掉了比赛。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析句意：突然我重新燃起了希望。A. reward奖励；B. interest兴趣；C. hope希望；D. experience经历。根据后文“I decided to stick with track next year.”可知，作者重新燃起了希望，决定明年继续坚持。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到力量和勇气并不总是用奖牌和胜利来衡量的，而是用我们克服的挑战来衡量的。A. praised赞美；B. collected收集；C. tested测试；D. measured衡量。根据后文“in medals and victories”可知，此处指力量和勇气并不总是用奖牌和胜利来衡量。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sadness悲伤；B. challenges挑战；C. crises危机；D. tiredness疲惫。根据前文“My foot still hadn’t healed from an earlier injury”以及后文“we overcome”可知，作者在脚受伤的情况下坚持跑完了比赛，这是作者克服的挑战。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Daniel Defoe was an English writer best known for his novel Robinson Crusoe, although he also ____11____(write) hundreds of other works. He published Robinson Crusoe in 1719 ____12____ the age of 59. Today, it remains one of the most famous tales of survival ever told. Countless readers have been encouraged by Robinson Crusoe’s qualities, ____13____ go beyond his survival on a desert island. Such qualities can help us cope in a crisis, no matter what or where it is. 【答案】11. wrote 12. at 13. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国作家丹尼尔·笛福及其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》，还提到该作品中鲁滨逊的品质能帮助人们应对危机。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：丹尼尔·笛福是一位英国作家，以小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》最为出名，尽管他也写了数百部其他作品。write(写)是从句谓语动词，与主语he之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，这里描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填wrote。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：1719年，他59岁时，出版了《鲁滨逊漂流记》。“at the age of...”是固定短语，意为“在……岁时”。故填at。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：无数读者受到了鲁滨逊品质的鼓舞，这些品质超越了他在荒岛上的生存能力。“____3____ go beyond his survival on a desert island”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词qualities，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 It is true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t ____14____ (overlook). It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first ____15____ (impress) on others and boost your confidence. Being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence, ____16____ (know) that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier! 【答案】14. be overlooked 15. impression 16. knowing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了外在美的重要性，强调外在美与内在美同样重要，并鼓励人们以健康为美，自信地展现自己的美丽。 【14题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：的确，内在美很重要，但外在美也不应被忽视。主语external beauty与overlook之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词shouldn’t后接动词原形。故填be overlooked。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：它在我们向世界展示的形象中扮演着重要角色，注重外表可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，增强你的自信。根据空前的“a positive first”可知，此处应填名词单数作宾语，impress的名词形式是impression。故填impression。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：健康就是美丽，我们应该自信地展现这种美丽，要知道健康不仅让我们更美丽，也让我们更快乐！句子主干成份完整，空处为非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填knowing。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Cunningham always used simple, ____17____(relative) cheap cameras to take pictures. He liked to photograph ordinary people. He found inspiration where others could not, in simple, different ____18____(scene) from everyday life. He would go out onto the streets every day, regardless of the weather. His hard work is reflected within his photos. This is ____19____ makes them so special. His approach to life was uncomplicated. He never accepted the benefits ____20____(offer) to him for being a fashion photographer. His passion for photography lasted throughout his life. 【答案】17. relatively 18. scenes 19. what 20. offered 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了摄影师Cunningham的摄影风格、创作灵感来源以及他对摄影的热爱。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：Cunningham总是用简单、相对便宜的相机拍照。空处修饰形容词cheap，应用副词relatively，表示“相对地”。故填relatively。 【18题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他在别人找不到灵感的地方，从日常生活中简单而不同的场景中找到灵感。scene为可数名词，different后接名词复数，所以应用名词复数形式。故填scenes。 【19题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是使它们如此特别的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他从不接受作为时尚摄影师而提供给他的福利。句子已有谓语动词accepted，空处应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语benefits构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填offered。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Although scientists have been working on it, an earthquake cannot be predicted accurately. We know earthquakes usually last less than one minute, but the effects are often disastrous. So it’s quite necessary to know what to do when you actually meet one. Before an Earthquake ● Identify safe places such as one under a firm piece of furniture in your home, or under a desk in your school so that when the shaking starts, you drop to the ground, cover your head and neck with your arms. If a safer place is nearby, crawl to it and hold on. ●To react quickly, you must often practise how to “Drop, Cover and Hold On!” You may only have seconds to protect yourself in an earthquake. ● Prepare a survival kit. Store important supplies (e.g. water and medicine) and documents. During an Earthquake If you are inside a building: ● Stay where you are until the shaking stops. Do not head for the doorway as this does not provide protection from falling or flying objects, and you may not be able to remain standing. Do not use the elevator or lift. ● Drop to the ground (before the earthquake drops you)! ● Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling things. Stay away from glass windows and anything that could fall. ● Hold on to any strong covering so that you can move with it until the shaking stops. If you are outside: When you feel the shaking, move away from buildings, streetlights, trees and electric wires. Once in the open, “Drop, Cover and Hold On.” Stay there until the shaking stops. If you are in a moving vehicle when you feel the shaking, stop as quickly and safely as possible and stay in the vehicle. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses and electric wires. After an Earthquake ● Look around. If there is a clear path to safety, leave the building and go to an open space. Once safe, follow local news through radio, TV, social media, and mobile phone texts for information and instructions from authorities. ● If you are trapped, don’t be panic. Do not move about. Use a cellphone, knock on pipes or walls, or use a whistle, if you have one. 21. According to the passage, why is it necessary to practice “Drop, Cover and Hold On”? A. Because it helps people identify safe places faster. B. Because it helps people react quickly during earthquakes. C. Because it enables people to collect data for earthquake research. D. Because it enables people to effectively prepare their survival kits. 22. If you are outside a building when an earthquake occurs, you should ________. A. run quickly to the nearest doorway B. find shelter under a tree or an overpass C. move away from buildings or electric wires D. stand still in an open area to avoid falling things 23. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To provide safety guidelines for earthquakes. B. To analyze the destructive effects of earthquakes. C. To promote essential disaster preparedness supplies. D. To explain the scientific challenges of earthquake prediction. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地震发生前、发生时和发生后的安全指南。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Before an Earthquake部分中“To react quickly, you must often practise how to “Drop, Cover and Hold On!” You may only have seconds to protect yourself in an earthquake. (为了快速反应，你必须经常练习如何“蹲下、掩护、抓牢！”在地震中，你可能只有几秒钟的时间来保护自己)”可知，练习“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”是为了在地震发生时能够快速做出反应，保护自己。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据During an Earthquake部分中“If you are outside: When you feel the shaking, move away from buildings, streetlights, trees and electric wires. Once in the open, “Drop, Cover and Hold On.” Stay there until the shaking stops. (如果你在外面：当你感觉到震动时，远离建筑物、路灯、树木和电线。一旦到了开阔的地方，“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”。待在那里直到震动停止)”可知，地震发生时，如果你在外面，你应该远离建筑物或电线。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Although scientists have been working on it, an earthquake cannot be predicted accurately. We know earthquakes usually last less than one minute, but the effects are often disastrous. So it’s quite necessary to know what to do when you actually meet one. (尽管科学家们一直在研究地震，但目前仍无法准确预测。我们知道地震通常持续不到一分钟，但其影响往往是灾难性的。所以，当你真正遇到地震时，知道该怎么做是非常必要的)”以及下文对地震前、地震中和地震后应采取的安全措施的详细介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为地震提供安全指南。故选A。 B During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events. The event attracted 450 participants from over 40 countries and regions worldwide and showcased more than 1,000 instruments, including violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Yan Xiaoyang, 68, from Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, spent over a decade establishing himself as a top violin maker. When he was 14, Yan first encountered the violin purchased by his father. “My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,” Yan recalled. Three years later, with his woodworking skills, Yan crafted his first violin. “Although the sound quality was unsatisfactory, it marked the first step,” he said. “Since then, handmade violins have been my hobby.” In 2014, Yan fulfilled his long-cherished dream of learning professional violin making under the guidance of the international violin maker Chang Zhongqiu. “Under Chang’s guidance, I gradually grasped the essence of violin making and successfully produced high-quality violins,” he said. “I also received guidance from the international violin-making master Zheng Quan, which further emphasized my attention to detail in violin making and perfect musical expression.” In 2019, Yan began participating in various international violin-making competitions. The standards for competition violins, especially regarding craftsmanship, are extremely strict. “There are more than 100 processes in the violin craftsmanship and each must be done with great care,” he said. “Violin making involves many crucial processes that determine the instrument’s sound and quality, such as crafting the top and back plates.” To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each. “I measure the thickness of each point with a micrometer,” he said. “Excellent violin makers need to adhere to craftsmanship standards strictly and undergo repeated adjustments to achieve the instrument’s desired sound state.” By following the paths of our predecessors, he aimed to create a more classic, better and perfect instrument. 24. What can we learn about Yan Xiaoyang’s achievement? A. He pioneered Ningxia’s first international craftsman award. B. He was the oldest participant in the competition held in Indiana. C. His skills attracted 450 participants from more than 40 countries to Ningxia. D. His award is Ningxia’s top honor in international violin-making competitions. 25. What inspired Yan Xiaoyang to make his own violin? A. His early interest in woodworking. B. Limited access to the violin bought by his father. C. His desire to achieve perfection in instrument making. D. Guidance from international violin master Zheng Quan. 26. Why did Yan design the top and back plates with 68 points on each? A. To reduce the time required for violin production. B. To follow the standard set by violin-making masters. C. To ensure a balanced tone through plate thickness control. D. To demonstrate his unique use of micrometers in violin making. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. True craftsmen set the trend for artists. B. True craftsmen lead to new inventions. C. Great craftsmanship blooms from talent and patience. D. Great craftsmanship lies in devotion and perseverance. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了来自宁夏的闫晓阳在国际小提琴制作比赛中获工艺奖，为宁夏最高荣誉，其制琴注重细节与反复调整，彰显专注与坚持。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events.(2024年11月17日至22日，在美国印第安纳州举行的第50届美国小提琴学会年会和第25届国际小提琴制作比赛中，闫晓阳获得了工艺奖，这是宁夏在此类国际赛事中获得的最高荣誉。)”可知，他的奖项是宁夏在国际小提琴制作比赛中的最高荣誉。故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,(我和四个兄弟都很喜欢这把琴，但我很难轮到，这激发了我自己制作小提琴的兴趣，)”可知，对父亲买的小提琴使用机会有限，促使他自己制琴。故选B项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each.(为了确保小提琴达到平衡的音色，闫晓阳在顶板和背板上各设计了68个点。)”可知，设计68个点是为通过控制板材厚度保证音色平衡。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中描述闫晓阳从14岁因兴趣制琴，历经多年，在名师指导下严格遵循100多道工序，反复调整、每一道工序都必须非常小心，最终获奖。这体现了工匠精神在于专注与坚持。故选D项。 C Humans are not the only fashionistas. Even small birds like tits (山雀) can follow colour trends. A study published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season’s must-have colour. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up the work published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱线) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for incorporation into local birds’ nests. But which particular colour was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others. Williams’s work was, however, forgotten until Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin came across it while following up on a different study. The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue, great and marsh tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carry transponders fitted to them. That allows the institute’s researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by logging their arrival at dispensers (分配器). One day in March 2021, Dr. Wild, Dr. Aplin and their collaborators deployed five RFID-enabled dispensers loaded with wool rather than food. Each contained strands of two colours — either orange and pink or blue and purple — but all were set to dispense only one of these. This remained so until at least one local nest was seen to include wool from a dispenser. At that moment, the other colour was made available, too. As a control, Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin set up, in a separate area, four further wool-dispensers, each of which provided two colours from the start. Of 68 tits’ nests built that season in the experimental areas, 26 included wool from a dispenser. Of these, 18 were constructed after both colours had become available from all dispensers. Even so, ten of those 18 included only the colour of wool first chosen by a nest-builder. By contrast, all eight wool-bearing nests in the control zone contained a mixture of colours — a statistically significant difference. Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend” when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders, since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are arbitrary. A bit like those of the leaders of human fashions. 28. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin build their study upon Williams’s earlier work? A. By focusing on purple nest decoration materials. B. By observing the same tit species in Williams’s garden. C. By using tracking technology to test Williams’s finding. D. By copying his experiment with the same coloured yarns. 29. What can be learned from the research of Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin? A. They used RFID-enabled dispensers to observe the living habits of the birds. B. They conducted a controlled experiment on the birds’ colour preferences. C. Multicoloured wool strands were released together from the start. D. Food was supplied to the birds through the dispensers. 30. What does the word “obscure” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Unclear. B. Apparent. C. Unexpected. D. Reasonable. 31. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To call on people to protect the diverse species of tits. B. To suggest that younger tits set the fashion for the season. C. To inform that tits can be fashion followers just like humans. D. To present some effective methods applied in scientific research. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山雀也会像人类一样追随色彩潮流，科学家通过实验对此进行了研究。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Williams’s work was, however, forgotten until Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin came across it while following up on a different study. The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue, great and marsh tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carry transponders fitted to them. That allows the institute’s researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by logging their arrival at dispensers (分配器). (威廉姆斯的工作被遗忘了，直到怀尔德博士和阿普林博士在跟进另一项研究时发现了它。他们跟踪的鸟类是研究所附近一片树林中受监测的蓝山雀、大山雀和沼泽山雀种群的一部分。这片树林里的大多数鸟都装有应答器。这使得研究所的研究人员能够通过记录它们到达分配器的时间来追踪大量个体)”可知，怀尔德博士和阿普林博士利用追踪技术来追踪鸟类，进而测试威廉姆斯的发现。故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“One day in March 2021, Dr. Wild, Dr. Aplin and their collaborators deployed five RFID-enabled dispensers loaded with wool rather than food. Each contained strands of two colours — either orange and pink or blue and purple — but all were set to dispense only one of these. This remained so until at least one local nest was seen to include wool from a dispenser. At that moment, the other colour was made available, too. As a control, Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin set up, in a separate area, four further wool-dispensers, each of which provided two colours from the start. (2021年3月的一天，怀尔德博士、阿普林博士和他们的合作者部署了五个装有毛线而非食物的射频识别 (RFID) 分配器。每个分配器包含两种颜色的毛线——橙色和粉色或者蓝色和紫色——但所有的分配器都只分配其中一种颜色。当至少看到有一个当地的巢穴中包括从分配器来的毛线时，那么只分发一种毛线的持续状态结束。就在这时，另一种颜色也可以从分配器获得。作为对照，怀尔德博士和阿普林博士在另一个区域设置了另外四个毛线分配器，每个从一开始就提供两种颜色)”可知，他们设置了带有不同颜色毛线的分配器，一部分先提供一种颜色，等有巢包含这种颜色的羊毛后再提供另一种颜色；另一部分同时提供两种颜色作为对照，由此可知，他们针对鸟类的颜色偏好进行了对照实验。故选B。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders, since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are arbitrary. (为什么会出现这种情况仍obscure。怀尔德博士和阿普林博士怀疑引领潮流的是年长的鸟，而且进化有利于年轻的鸟模仿年长的鸟，因为那些年长的鸟显然在山雀可能遭遇的各种命运中存活了下来。不过，威廉姆斯最初的研究表明，这种最初的选择是任意的)”可知，怀尔德博士和阿普林博士怀疑了产生这种潮流的原因，说明他们认为山雀追随潮流的原因还不明确，obscure意为“不清楚的”，与“Unclear”意思相符。故选A。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中提到“Humans are not the only fashionistas. Even small birds like tits (山雀) can follow colour trends. (人类并不是唯一追求时尚的。即使是像山雀这样的小鸟也能追随色彩潮流)”接着详细介绍了科学家为研究山雀是否会追随色彩潮流所做的实验及结果，最后提到山雀在筑巢材料颜色选择上跟随潮流的原因尚不清楚，但这种现象与人类时尚引领者的选择有些相似。由此可知，文章主要是为了告知读者山雀可以像人类一样成为时尚追随者。故选C。 D Even if you don’t worry that artificial intelligence (AI) will destroy the human race, you might worry that its fearsome appetite for electricity will destroy the environment. Asking ChatGPT a question means using ten times more energy than an old-fashioned search query. But the fear of disaster is unnecessary. In absolute terms, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can help decarbonise the industries that have proved hardest to clean up. Consider AI’s appetite for energy first. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that electricity consumption by data centres could as much as treble in the next five years. Even if energy usage soars, though, the base is still low. Data centres today account for about 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption—and the vast majority of that is due to streaming, social media and online shopping, not AI. Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy. AI excels at identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and perfecting systems, all of which can help reduce emissions. AI is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical grids (电网), cut fuel use in shipping and spot otherwise invisible leaks of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximise such benefits while minimising the climate impacts. The first is to rethink how data centres operate. The IEA notes that being able to shift workloads between different data centres at different times could reduce strain and help balance energy grids. More flexible data centres would also be a better match for the intermittent power produced by renewables such as wind and solar. Second, tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises. Microsoft, for instance, aims to become “carbon negative” by 2030. A better approach would be for the tech firms to use the influence that their large demand for energy gives them to accelerate the decarbonisation of grids. They could help unblock the deployment (部署) of clean energy more widely by pushing for planning reform, and go further in supporting the development and expansion of alternative sources such as geothermal and nuclear power. Doubling down on such approaches would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero. 32. Why can AI contribute to reducing emissions? A. Because it can increase the use of renewable energy. B. Because it can handle large data sets and improve systems. C. Because it consumes only about 1.5% of the world’s electricity. D. Because it reduces energy consumption by streaming and social media. 33. According to the passage, what should tech companies do? A. Reduce data center energy use by using less AI technology. B. Establish specialized data centers for climate impact prediction. C. Develop their own power supply systems to support their operations. D. Use their energy demand influence to promote clean energy deployment. 34. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. How AI Could Help the Climate B. How AI Could Improve Shipping C. Can Al Boost Economic Development? D. Can AI Promote Electrical Grid Construction? 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了人工智能 (AI) 对环境的影响，指出尽管AI耗电量大，但它也能通过提高效率和促进清洁能源的部署来助力减少排放。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy. AI excels at identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and perfecting systems, all of which can help reduce emissions. (此外，人工智能使用的一些电力将有助于经济绿色化。人工智能擅长识别复杂的模式、处理庞大的数据集和完善系统，所有这些都有助于减少排放)”可知，AI能够处理大型数据集并优化系统，这有助于减少排放。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They could help unblock the deployment (部署) of clean energy more widely by pushing for planning reform, and go further in supporting the development and expansion of alternative sources such as geothermal and nuclear power. (他们可以通过推动规划改革，帮助更广泛地解除清洁能源的部署障碍，并进一步支持地热和核能等替代能源的开发和扩展)”可知，科技公司可以通过推动规划改革助力更广泛地部署清洁能源，进一步支持地热能和核能等替代能源的开发和推广，即使用它们对能源需求的影响推广清洁能源。故选D。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But the fear of disaster is unnecessary. In absolute terms, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can help decarbonise the industries that have proved hardest to clean up. (但对灾难的恐惧是没有必要的。从绝对意义上讲，人工智能的耗电量可能没有很多人想象的那么高。更好的是，人工智能可以帮助那些最难清理的行业实现脱碳)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了AI如何帮助减少排放和促进清洁能源的使用，从而对气候产生积极影响。因此，最合适的标题是“AI如何帮助气候”。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning styles refer to an individual’s preferred or most effective way of learning. Each student has his or her own method. ____35____ The four most common learning styles are: visual, auditory, kinesthetic and reading/writing. Your learning style determines how you access information. Visual learners best understand information by using their eyes. ____36____ Watching videos, and looking at illustrations are also great tools for a visual learner. They may speak quickly and prefer to work alone rather than in groups. Auditory learners prefer to listen to information rather than read it or see it visually displayed. They work well in a classroom setting and learn quickly through guidance and stories. They tend to be good listeners. They also learn quickly by listening to lectures and participating in group discussions. ____37____ They use their senses to work on new skills and rely heavily on muscle memory. These learners learn best by doing and tend to have good coordination and best remember what they do. Typically, they enjoy building, making or creating things. Reading/Writing learners are extremely comfortable with the written word. ____38____ They love to make lists and prefer written directions. The traditional lecture and note-taking environment works well for this learning style. We all learn differently. We all have our own approach to learning, based on our experience, practice, and innate preferences for what works. Everyone learns best if we are able to experience a lesson in a way that makes sense to us. Some students are comfortable with one particular learning style, while others tend to use multiple styles. ____39____ A. They prefer to gain information by reading texts. B. Kinesthetic learners are the most hands-on learning type. C. Kinesthetic learners can easily understand what others are saying. D. This type of learner has difficulty working quietly for long periods of time. E. But we can all learn things more easily and quickly with our preferred styles. F. Knowing your learning style can help you find the best way to learn new skills. G. They absorb and remember information when it is presented in pictures, diagrams or maps. 【答案】35. F 36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。学习风格指个人偏好的有效学习方式，常见有视觉、听觉、动觉和读写四种，不同风格有不同特点，了解并运用偏好风格能让学习更高效。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Learning styles refer to an individual’s preferred or most effective way of learning. Each student has his or her own method.(学习风格指的是个人最偏爱或最有效的学习方式。每个学生都有自己的独特学习方法)”以及后文“The four most common learning styles are: visual, auditory, kinesthetic and reading/writing. Your learning style determines how you access information.(四种最常见的学习方式为：视觉型、听觉型、动觉型以及阅读/写作型。你的学习方式决定了你获取信息的方式)”可知，前文介绍学习风格是个人偏好的学习方式，后文列举四种常见类型并说明其决定信息获取方式。故F选项“了解自己的学习风格可以帮助你找到学习新技能的最佳方式”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Visual learners best understand information by using their eyes.(视觉型学习者通过运用眼睛来更好地理解信息)”可知，本段围绕“视觉学习者”展开，强调其通过视觉理解信息。本句具体说明视觉学习者的特点，与“using their eyes”呼应，故G选项“当信息以图片、图表或地图的形式呈现时，他们能够吸收并记住这些信息”符合语境，故选G。 【37题详解】 根据后文“They use their senses to work on new skills and rely heavily on muscle memory. These learners learn best by doing and tend to have good coordination and best remember what they do. Typically, they enjoy building, making or creating things.(他们通过运用自身的感官来学习新技能，并且非常依赖肌肉记忆。这类学习者通过实践能获得最佳的学习效果，他们往往动作协调性良好，而且对所做的事情记忆最为深刻。通常，他们会喜欢动手制作、创造或构建各种东西)”可知，本段空白后描述“通过感官学习、依赖肌肉记忆、通过实践学习”等特点，均指向“动觉学习者”（kinesthetic learners）。故B选项“动觉型学习者是最注重实际操作的学习类型”符合语境，故选B。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Reading/Writing learners are extremely comfortable with the written word.(阅读/写作能力较强的学员对文字有着极强的驾驭能力)”以及后文“They love to make lists and prefer written directions. The traditional lecture and note-taking environment works well for this learning style.(他们喜欢列清单，并且更倾向于通过书面形式获取信息。传统的授课模式以及笔记记录的方式非常适合这种学习方式)”可知，本段介绍“读写型学习者”，强调其对文字的适应力。A选项与“comfortable with the written word”一致，且与后文“喜欢列清单、偏好书面指示”衔接紧密，故A选项“他们更倾向于通过阅读文本来获取信息”符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“We all learn differently. We all have our own approach to learning, based on our experience, practice, and innate preferences for what works. Everyone learns best if we are able to experience a lesson in a way that makes sense to us. Some students are comfortable with one particular learning style, while others tend to use multiple styles.(我们每个人的学习方式都各不相同。我们每个人都有自己独特的学习方法，这取决于我们的经验、实践以及对哪些方法有效的内在偏好。如果能够以对我们而言有意义的方式去体验学习内容，每个人都能达到最佳的学习效果。有些学生倾向于采用一种特定的学习方式，而另一些学生则倾向于使用多种方式)”可知，前文提到有人偏好单一风格，有人使用多种风格，本句总结前文，强调偏好风格的普遍作用，故E选项“但我们可以根据自己的偏好学习风格更轻松、更快速地学习新知识”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. “No country has a free pass — we found plastic from everywhere,” said one scientist. Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”. The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will more than triple by 2050. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish. However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you? To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste. So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. “Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about in the past,” he says. “Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!” 40. What alarming discovery did the scientists make during their visit to tiny Henderson Island? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What can we do to reduce plastic waste in our daily lives? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. The island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. 41. Because it is eaten by fish, leading to massive species loss, and humans also eat these fish, with micro plastic even found in tap water worldwide. 42. The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed. The passage only says the project allows the waste to be collected and recycled, not that it can be completely removed. 43. To reduce plastic waste in our daily lives, we can start by minimizing the use of single-use plastics. Additionally, supporting and purchasing products made from eco-friendly materials can make a significant difference. Participating in beach cleanups and recycling programs also helps. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科学家在偏远的亨德森岛发现了大量塑料垃圾，揭示了海洋塑料污染的严重性，并介绍了一些年轻人正在努力清理和保护海洋，同时呼吁人们减少塑料使用，保护海洋环境。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. (最近，科学家在访问南太平洋的亨德森小岛时，有了一个惊人的发现。尽管它是地球上最偏远的地方之一，以前从未被人类涉足，但这个岛上却覆盖着3800万块塑料)”可知，科学家在访问亨德森岛时，发现岛上覆盖着3800万块塑料，故答案为The island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. (随着塑料分解成非常小的碎片，即‘微塑料’，问题变得更加严重。这些微塑料被鱼吃掉，导致大量物种灭绝。人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中也发现了微塑料)”可知，微塑料被鱼吃掉，导致大量物种灭绝，人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中也发现了微塑料，所以微塑料使问题变得更糟。故答案为Because it is eaten by fish, leading to massive species loss, and humans also eat these fish, with micro plastic even found in tap water worldwide. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中“So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. (于是，他启动了‘海洋清理’项目，在太平洋上放置了非常长的漂浮屏障。然后，洋流自然地将废物集中起来，这样就可以收集和回收了)”可知，在“海洋清理”项目中，太平洋上放置了非常长的漂浮屏障，然后洋流自然地将废物集中起来，这样就可以收集和回收了，但并不能完全清除，因此“it can be completely removed”错误。故答案为The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed. The passage only says the project allows the waste to be collected and recycled, not that it can be completely removed. 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了海洋塑料污染的问题，为了减少日常生活中的塑料垃圾，我们可以先从减少一次性塑料制品的使用做起。此外，支持并购买采用环保材料制成的产品也能产生显著效果。参与海滩清理活动和回收项目同样有所帮助。故答案为To reduce plastic waste in our daily lives, we can start by minimizing the use of single-use plastics. Additionally, supporting and purchasing products made from eco-friendly materials can make a significant difference. Participating in beach cleanups and recycling programs also helps. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件请你介绍一位你最敬佩的具有工匠精神的中国著名人物。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 该人物的主要事迹； 2. 该人物对你的影响。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’d like to introduce Lu Ban, a legendary craftsman from ancient China. He’s revered as the “father of carpentry.” It’s said he invented many essential tools like the saw and the carpenter’s ink marker, which are still used today. His story symbolizes the core of craftsmanship: constant innovation and meticulous attention to detail. Lu Ban’s spirit has deeply inspired me. It teaches me that mastery in any field requires endless practice and dedication. Whether it’s learning a new skill or tackling a difficult problem, I strive to adopt his focus and perseverance. He reminds me that greatness often lies in perfecting the small things. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim回复邮件，介绍一位你最敬佩的具有工匠精神的中国著名人物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 需要：require→request 重要：essential→vital 使用：use→utilize 处理：tackle→handle 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Lu Ban’s spirit has deeply inspired me. It teaches me that mastery in any field requires endless practice and dedication. 拓展句：Lu Ban’s spirit has deeply inspired me, which teaches me that mastery in any field requires endless practice and dedication. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s said he invented many essential tools like the saw and the carpenter’s ink marker, which are still used today.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】He reminds me that greatness often lies in perfecting the small things.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$