Unit1 Happy Holiday sectionAHow do people spend their holidays教案2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

UNIT1 Happy Holiday Sec A How do people spend their holidays? 重点 单词 1. adj. 古代的，古老的 2. n. 度假营；营地v. 露营；宿营 3. n. 风景；景色 4. adj. 奇怪的；陌生的 5. n. 假期；度假 6. adj. 极好的；了不起的 7. n.镇；商业区 8. n. 呼吸的空气； 一口气 9. adv.尤其；特别 10. chicken soup 汽锅鸡 11. adv.&pron. 在任何地方；随便哪个地方 12. n.没有什么东西；没有事pron.没有任何东西；没有事 13. n. 风景；景色 14. n.丝绸；(蚕)丝 15. n.围巾；披巾 16. /n.旅馆；旅社 17. adj.使人舒服的；舒适的 18. adj.准备好的；现成的 adv. 已做完； 已完成 19. adv. 在 某 处 ； 到 某 处pron.某处；某个地方 20. n.天；天空 21. adj.厌倦的；烦闷的 22. prep. 向；朝 23. n.虹；彩虹 重点 短语 1. 上课 2. 古建筑 3. 去爬山 4. 去夏令营 5. 返回 6. 去度假 7. 看日出 8. 暑假 9. 令人惊叹；让人叹绝 10 拍照片 11 汽锅鸡 12 待在家里 13. 一次美好的体验 14. 只有；只是 15. 双彩虹 16. 马上要（做某事），愿意做（某事） 17. 几天 18. 一条丝巾 19. 到达 20. 待在酒店 21. 和某人待在一起 22. 走向...... 23. 决定做某事 24. 接近 重点 句型 1. What about...? What about you? 你呢？ 2.so+形容词/副词+that引导的结果状语从句： 　We were so happy that we didn't notice the time. 我们太开心了，以至于没注意到时间。 3.动词不定式（短语）作目的状语： 　The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during WorldWarⅡ.俄罗斯人民建造这座博物馆是为了纪念他们在第二次世界大战期间对抗纳粹分子的斗争。 4.Did you go anywhere interesting?你去了任何有趣的地方吗？ 5.we stayed in the old town for a few days.我们在古城待了几天。 6.How was your holiday? 重点 语法 1.不定代词 2.复习一般过去时 1.How do people spend their holidays? spend“花费”,主语必须是人，表示花费时间、金钱。 (1) spend time ／money on sth在……上花费时间/金钱。 I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。 We spent two years (in) building this bridge. 建这座桥花了我们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买…… He spent money for a new computer.他花钱买了一台新电脑。 四个“花费”spend,take,cost与pay的用法及区别拓展 单词 主语 用法 例句 spend 人 spend time ／money on sth 在……上花费时间/金钱 She spends half an hour on her homework. 她的家庭作业花费了她半个小时。 spend time／money (in) doing sth. I spend ten yuan (in) buying this book. 买这本书花费了我十元钱。 spend money for sth. 花钱买 I spent money for books. 我花钱买书了。 take it做形式主语或某种活动 It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间 It took them three years to build this road. It takes me an hour to finish my homework everyday. doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间 Reading this book took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午读这本书。 cost 物或某种活动 sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。 A new computer costs a lot of money. 一台新电脑要花许多钱。 doing sth. costs (sb.) +时间,做某事花了(某人)多少时间 Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 记住这些单词花了他大量时间。 pay 人 pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。 I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 pay for sth. 付……的钱。 I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 典例呈现 1.—How long does it take you to finish your homework every day? —I usually two hours on it.[来源:学科网ZXXK] A. spend B. pay C. take D.cost 小试牛刀 1.-My brother an hour watching the Voice of China on TV last night. A. took B. paid C. spent D. cost 2．Jane __________ 3 hours doing her homework every weekend. A. takes B. spends C. studies D. plays 3.With the development of society, parents ____ more and more money on their children’s education. A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend 实战演练 1．The Wangs visited the zoo three days ago. The tickets _______ them 300 yuan. A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid 2．Mary _______ her summer vacation in Shenzhen. A. on B. spent C. did D. went[来源:学科网] 3．It ______ me twenty minutes to do my homework yesterday. A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K] 4．一How much should I _________ on this radio？ 一Fifty pounds _________ enough. A. spend; are B. pay; is C. cost; is D. spend; is 英语里一段时间、一笔款、一段距离作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数 5．The students ________ all day in the park. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 2.Did he/she do anywhere interesting?他/她做了任何有趣的事吗？ anywhere adv.& pron.在任何地方；随便哪个地方 ①作为复合不定代词，常用于否定句、疑问句中代替somewhere. I can't find my books anywhere.我到处都找不到我的书。 Did you go anywhere special this summer holiday? 你这个暑假有去任何特别的地方吗？ ②anywhere也可用于肯定句，在肯定句中表示“任何地方，随便哪个地方”(强调“无限制选择”)。 You can sit anywhere you like.你可以随便坐。 You can explore anywhere unknown .你可以去探索任何未知的新境。 ③anywhere interesting意为“有趣的地方”，当形容词或副词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或副词需后置。 Did you go anywhere beautiful?你去了美丽的地方吗？拓展 anywhere、somewhere、nowhere 与everywhere的用法区别 anywhere 意为“在任何地方；无论何处”，常用于否定句、疑问句中。 somewhere意为“在某处”，常用于肯定陈述句中。 nowhere 意为“无处；哪里都不”，为否定词。 everywhere意为“到处；处处”，常用于肯定句中。 典例呈现 -Did you go last summer holiday? -Yes. I went to Wansuishan with my family. A. somewhere special B. anywhere special C. special somewhere D. special anywhere 小试牛刀 ( )1.She looked for her keys everywhere ,but she can’t find it . A.everywhere B.somewhere C.nowhere D.anywhere ( )2.--Is there____ to buy coffee here? -Yes, the Cotti coffee shop is there . A. somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere ( )3. —Did you go 　 last week? . —Yes, I went to Hefei Science and Technology Museum with my parents. A. somewhere interesting B. anywhere interesting C. interesting anywhere D. interesting somewhere 3.How beautiful it was！多么美呀！ 感叹句的用法 一、定义：感叹句是表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情的句子。 二、种类：感叹句通常有what或how引导，常用结构： 1. what引导的感叹句： （1）What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他）！（以元音音素开头的形容词前面要用an） What a beautiful girl （she is）! 她是多么美丽的女孩呀！ What an interesting story (it is)! 多么有趣的故事啊！ （2）What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数形式 （+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他）！ What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊! What beautiful flowers (they are)! 多么漂亮的花呀！ （3）What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 （+ 主语 + 谓语 +　其他）！ What fine weather（it is）! 多好的天气呀！ 2. how引导的感叹句： （1）How + 形容词/副词（+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他）！ How tall the apple tree is! 多么高的苹果树呀！ How clever the girl is! 这个女孩多聪明啊! （2）How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！ How beautiful a girl she is! 多漂亮的女孩啊！ How sweet an apple it is! 多么甜的苹果啊！ （3）How + 主语 + 谓语! How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！ 【注意】感叹句中的主谓结构可以省略 What fine weather (it is)! 多么晴朗的天气啊！1 20【拓展】what引导的感叹句通常可与how引导的感叹句进行转换。 What a lovely girl she is! 她是多么可爱的一个女孩啊！ = How lovely a girl she is! 感叹句的用法 感叹句，表情感，what或how放句前。 名词短语跟what，how与形、副紧相连。 名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。 为了句子更简洁，主谓部分常不见。 典例呈现 —I watched the live(直播) NBA game last night. How about you? —Of course I did. ______ amazing game it was! A. What an B. How an C. What D. How 小试牛刀 1.【上海中考】The volunteer worked hard to get more kids back to school. (改为感叹句) _________ _________the volunteer worked to get more kids back to school! 2.【贵州黔南中考】What beautiful flowers they are! (改为how引导的感叹句) _____ _____ the flowers are! 3.【贵州黔西南州中考】What a clean classroom it is!（改为how引导的感叹句） _________ _________ the classroom is! 4.【新疆中考】Holly’s mother made delicious zongzi yesterday. (改为感叹句) _______ _______ zongzi Holly’s mother made yesterday! 实战演练 1.______ bad day! It’s raining hard. We have to stay at home. A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 2. — ________ wonderful the music is! —Yes. It makes me relaxed after a busy day. A. How B. What a C. How a 3. __________ clever the boy is! A. How B. What C. What a 4.__________ terrible weather we’ve been having these days! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 5.________ exciting news! The Chinese team successfully arrived at the peak of Qomolangma. A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 4.we stayed in the old town for a few days.我们在古城待了几天。 辨析 little, a little, few, a few ①a few意为“有一些;有几个"，表示肯定的意义，修饰可数名词。 Eg:Today my mother eats a few apples.今天我妈妈吃了一些苹果。 ②few意为“没有，几乎没有"，表示否定的意义，修饰可数名词。 Eg: I have few bananas，let’s buy some.我没有香蕉了,我们去买一些吧。 ③a little意为“有一点，有一些”，表示肯定的意义。修饰不可数名词。 Eg:There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里还有一点水。 ④little意为“几乎没有”，表示否定的概念。修饰不可数名词。 Eg:There is little water in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有水了。 巧记口诀： few /a few little /a little 短的可数，长的不可数； 有a就有，没a就没有。 相关谚语： 1.A little is better than none. 寥胜于无。 2.A little leak will sink a great ship.千里之堤，溃于蚁穴。 3.Little wealth, little care.财少，寡忧。 4.Much cry, and little wool.雷声大，雨点小。 5.A thousand friends are few, one enemy is too many. 朋友千人尚觉少,仇敌一人犹嫌多。 6.Few words, many deeds.少说话，多做事。 典例呈现 1.It’s good for the fish to have ________ water plants in the tank(鱼缸) to keep the water pure. A little B a little C a few D few小试牛刀 1.Ella has _________ friends here, so she often stays at home by herself and feels lonely. A little B a little C a few D few 2.--Can you speak English？ --Yes，but only ________. A little B a little C a few D few 3.请给我几本书好吗？ Could you please give me ______ books? 4.冰箱里几乎没有番茄了。 We have _____ tomatoes in our fridge. 5.我需要水，我太渴了。 I need _______ water, I’m very thirsty. 6.Tom has ___________ friends and he often plays with them. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 实战演练 1. There is ___________ sheep on the farm. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 2. The question is not easy, so ___________ students can answer it. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 3. Can I have ___________ bread? I feel ___________ hungry. A. little; a bit B. a little; a bit C. a bit; a bit D. bit; bit 3. Lily can write ___________ Chinese but she can read ___________ Chinese words. A. little; few B. a few; a little C. little; a few D. few; a little 4. We have ___________ meat at home, do we? A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 5. He has ___________ money, but he has ___________ friends. A. little; few B. a little; a few C. few; a little D. little; a few 5.It just took my breath away.它几乎令我惊叹。 take sb’s breath away “令人惊叹，让人叹绝” ①breath在句中作名词，意为“呼吸”。其动词形式为breathe意为“呼吸，吸气”。 相关搭配：hold one's breath屏住呼吸:屏息静气 out of breath气喘吁吁 take a deep breath深呼吸 ②took是take的过去式，其过去分词为taken 。take away意为“带走；拿走；”。 相关用法： 1）take表示拿走某物。Eg:My brother took the book.我弟弟拿走了那本书。 2）take表示接受某物或某事。Eg:I will take your advice.我会接受你的建议。 3）take表示乘坐某种交通工具。 He takes the bus to go to school everyday.他每天都坐公交车去上学。 4） take表示花费时间或精力。 It takes me one hour to finish my homework.完成家庭作业花费了我一个小时。 5）take表示上某个课程。I take an English class.我上英语课。 take相关短语 take off 脱下衣服;飞机起飞 take away 拿走，带走 take after 像 take up 开始从事;占据;培养 take care 小心，当心 take care of照看，照顾 take place 发生 take the place of代替 take out 拿出，取出 take pride in以...自豪/骄傲 take notes 记笔记 take photos 拍照 take part in 参加 take down 写下，记下 take in 吸入;欺骗 典例呈现 It took me ten days reading this book. A. finish B. to finish C.finishing D.finished 6.Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup所有事物尝起来都非常棒，尤其是汽锅鸡。 ①everything复合不定代词“每件事” 。关于复合不定代词的用法 复合不定代词做主语时谓语动词要使用单数。 形容词或者副词修饰复合不定代词的时候须要后置 ②taste为感官动词，在此处作系动词，后接形容词作表语。感官动词后+adj作表语。 【拓展】“五个感官动词”： 主语+感官动词+形容词(adj.) 1.The flower looks beautiful.这朵花看起来很漂亮。 2.The silk feels soft. 丝绸感觉起来很舒服。 3.The cakes taste delicious.这些蛋糕尝起来很美味。 4.The music sounds noisy.这首音乐听起来很吵闹。 5.The apple smells fresh.这个苹果闻起来很新鲜。 句型转换： The orange juice tastes sweet. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 划线句子提问： 小试牛刀 用look/ taste/ smell/ feel/ sound的适当形式填空。 1.This piece of music ______ wonderful. Can you play it again? 2.Yaming ______ unhappy today. What’s wrong with him? 3.Um, the fish soup ______ very delicious. 4.The flowers ______ nice. 5. The coat ______ soft. 实战演练 1. Everything ready.Let’s go camping. A. is B. are C. be 2.—How about the fruit salad? —Yummy! It taste very . By the way, who made it? A. good B. bad C. well D. badly 7. I did nothing special我没有做什么特别的事。 nothing用作不定代词，意为＂没有什么；没有任何东西＂，相当于not anything。 ☞ There is nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。 =There isn’t anything interesting in the newspaper. 【易混辨析】 no one，none与nothing no one 只能用于指人，不能与of连用。作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。可表示＂没有人＂，一般用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句。 No one wants to go fishing. 没有一个人想去钓鱼。 none 表示＂没有一个＂。既可指人，也可指物。其后可接of短语，＂none of＋可数名词复数＂作主语时谓语动词用单、复数皆可。可指数量上＂一个也没有＂，一般用来回答how many/much引导的特殊疑问句。 None of these worker work/works. 这些工人没有一个干活的。 nothing 只能用于指物，作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。可用来回答what 引导的特殊疑问句及含anything的一般疑问句。 —What is in the box? 箱子里有什么？ —Nothing. 什么东西也没有。 no one 与 none 好分辨，具体人、物把none填； 不知何人与何物，no one，nothing是一路； no one人 nothing物，保你不会出错误。 典例呈现 —Mom, can I have ____________ to eat? I’m hungry. —Sorry, there’s ____________ in the fridge. But I think we can go out for dinner now. A. nothing；nothing B. something；nothing C. anything；something D. something；something 小试牛刀 1.I’m sorry I know ______________ about it. It’s a secret between them. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 2._______________ went hiking last Sunday because of the bad weather. A. Someone　　　 B. No one C. Everyone D. Nothing 实战演练 1.（江苏连云港卷）Don’t worry. There is ______________ wrong with the TV set. It’s only because of power cut. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 2. —Can you cook eggs with tomatoes? —Yes, of course. ______________ can do it, because it is easy, I think. A. Anyone B. Someone C. No one D. None of us 8.We took a lot of great photos there.我们在那里拍了很多美好的照片。 ①take photos意为＂拍照；照相＂，take a photo/photos of sb/sth意为＂给某人/某物拍照＂。 They took many photos on the West Lake. 他们在西湖拍了很多照片。 ②a lot of意为“大量;许多”，相当于lots of。它既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词时，相当于many;修饰不可数名词时，相当于much。 There are lots of apples in the tree.树上有许多苹果。 There is a lot of water in the bottle.瓶子里有许多水。 拓展： ①a lot可用作名词性词组，意为“许多”。 I can learn a lot about Paper-cutting. 我可以学到很多有关剪纸方面的知识。 ②a lot也可作副词词组，在句中作状语，修饰动词，表示程度，意思是“十分，非常”，相当于very much。 I like Chinese food a lot.我非常喜欢中国的食物。 典例呈现 It was careless of Ella to make ______ mistakes. A. a lot of B. much C. any D. a lot 小试牛刀 1、There are_ ___oranges in the basket.She often eats_ __. A. a lot of, a lot of B. lots of, lots of C. lots of, lot of D. a lot of, a lot 2、- I'm afraid there's no time for breakfast. - No hurry.There's still time before the first lesson begins. A. a lot B. lot of C. lots of D.a lots 3. —What do you usually do at the weekend? —Well, you see, there are plenty of good places to go, such as theatres, clubs and parks. A. a lot of B. some C. few D.a lot 4. He drinks ________. He’s got ________ money but not ________ friends. A. a lot；plenty of；much B. much；a lot of; many C. a lot；a lot of；many D. a lot of；a lot；a lot of 9.Everyone was ready to find somewhere to go.每个人都准备好 找要去的地方。 ready ：adj.意为“准备好的；现成的” ，也可做副词“已做完，已完成” 相关搭配： ①be ready to do sth 准备好做某事；乐于做某事 ②be ready for sth/doing sth 为某事做好准备 He is ready to go camping with his family. 他准备好和家人一起去野营了。 I’m ready to help you.我很乐于帮助你。/我随时可疑帮助你。 小试牛刀 1. Are you______go fishing? A. ready for B.ready to C.ready with 2.Emma was ready somewhere to go. A.find B.to find C.finding D.finds 3.Are you______going shopping? A. ready for B.ready to C.ready with 10.I was so bored that I decided to find___something____to read.我是如此的无聊，以至于决定找东西读。 ①bored形容词，意为“厌烦的:厌倦的"，其主语为人。boring形容词，意为“令人感到无聊的;令人感到厌烦的"，其主语多为物。 This boring film made him feel bored.这个无趣的电影让他感觉无聊。 类似的词语还有： interesting --- interested exciting---excited ②so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”。so+形容词/副词+that+结果状语从句，强调原因的程度导致某种结果，表示因果关系。So+形容词（强调形容词）+a+名词+that+结果状语从句 She speaks so fast that I can't understand her.她说得如此快以至于我听不懂。 The flowers are so beautiful that she loves them a lot.这些花如此漂亮以至于她非常喜欢。 She is so good a girl that everyone loves her.她是如此好的一位姑娘以至于每个人都喜欢她。 ③such...that...: 如此...以至于...such +(a/an)+形容词+名词(强调名词)that+结果状语从句 She is such a beautiful girl.她是如此漂亮的一个人。 She is such a good girl that everyone loves her.她是如此好的一位姑娘以至于每个人都喜欢她。 小试牛刀 1.I’m very in this book. A.interesting ;interested B.interested ; interesting C.interest;interesting D.interested; interest 2.Yaming is so that he doesn’t want to watch this film. A.bored ;boring B.boring;bored C.bored; bored D.boring;boring 3.Emma is a kind girl all her classmates love her. A. so; that B. such;that C. so; or D. such; because 4.Ella is kind a girl all her classmates love her. A. so; that B. such;that C. so; or D. such; because 5.Tom was so that he decided something to read. A. boring; to find B. bored; finding C. bored;to find D.boring;find 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$