Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 定语从句(Ⅰ)（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版2019必修第一册

Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 核心语法精练（定语从句Ⅰ） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇+语法全考查） 2 二、用定语从句完成句子 5 三、汉译英（近3年真题改编） 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 8 题型二 语篇语法填空 9 一、单句语法填空（词汇+语法全考查） 1. The athlete ______ won the championship in the marathon is from our school. 答案：who/that 解析：先行词为 “the athlete（运动员）”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。 2. The balanced diet ______ our teacher recommended is good for our health. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the balanced diet（均衡饮食）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句，且可省略。 3. Do you know the reason ______ Paul practiced basketball so hard every day? 答案：why 解析：先行词为 “the reason（原因）”，关系词在从句中作原因状语，故用 why 引导定语从句。 4. The gym ______ we often do exercise has a lot of new equipment. 答案：where 解析：先行词为 “the gym（健身房）”，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导定语从句。 5. The sports meeting ______ our school held last week was a great success. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the sports meeting（运动会）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句，且可省略。 6. The boy ______ father is a coach in the school team showed great talent in running. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the boy（男孩）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “father”，故用 whose 引导定语从句，表 “…… 的”。 7. This is the pair of shoes ______ I bought for the long-distance running. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the pair of shoes（这双鞋）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 8. We all admire the students ______ always keep up with the team in training. 答案：who/that 解析：先行词为 “the students（学生们）”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。 9. The time ______ we spend on physical exercise every day is good for our health. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the time（时间）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 10. The playground ______ we often play basketball is being renovated now. 答案：where 解析：先行词为 “the playground（操场）”，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导定语从句。 11. The doctor ______ gave us a lecture on health is an expert in sports medicine. 答案：who/that 解析：先行词为 “the doctor（医生）”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。 12. The advice ______ our PE teacher gave us was very useful for our training. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the advice（建议）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句，且可省略。 13. The competition ______ we tried out for last month will be held next week. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the competition（比赛）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 14. The girl ______ dream is to become a professional athlete trains very hard. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the girl（女孩）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “dream”，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 15. This is the magazine ______ introduces many effective ways to keep fit. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the magazine（杂志）”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 16. The stadium ______ the opening ceremony was held is very large. 答案：where 解析：先行词为 “the stadium（体育场）”，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导定语从句。 17. The coach ______ team won the championship has rich experience. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the coach（教练）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “team”，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 18. I still remember the day ______ I first joined the school basketball team. 答案：when 解析：先行词为 “the day（那天）”，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用 when 引导定语从句。 19. The equipment ______ we use in the gym is imported from abroad. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the equipment（设备）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 20. The student ______ broke the school record in the 100-meter race is my deskmate. 答案：who/that 解析：先行词为 “the student（学生）”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。 21. The reason ______ we need to do warm-up exercises is to prevent injuries. 答案：why 解析：先行词为 “the reason（原因）”，关系词在从句中作原因状语，故用 why 引导定语从句。 22. The book ______ cover is green introduces the history of Olympic Games. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the book（书）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “cover”，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 23. The club ______ we often gather to discuss sports news is on the third floor. 答案：where 解析：先行词为 “the club（俱乐部）”，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导定语从句。 24. The exercises ______ our teacher designed for us are helpful to strengthen our muscles. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the exercises（练习）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 25. The runner ______ leg was injured in the race was taken to the hospital. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the runner（跑步者）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “leg”，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 26. The sports meeting ______ will be held next month is what we are looking forward to. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the sports meeting（运动会）”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 27. The time ______ we spend on training every day will finally pay off. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为 “the time（时间）”，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。 28. The doctor ______ we consulted about health problems is very patient. 答案：whom/who/that 解析：先行词为 “the doctor（医生）”，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用 whom、who 或 that 引导定语从句，且可省略。 29. The playground ______ surface is made of rubber is safe for children to play on. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为 “the playground（操场）”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “surface”，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 30. The moment ______ the winner crossed the finish line was cheered by the crowd. 答案：when 解析：先行词为 “the moment（那一刻）”，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用 when 引导定语从句。 二、用定语从句完成句子 1．她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。 She is the only one of the employees that has received little education． 2．你正在看的那幅画是一个盲人女孩画的。 The picture (that/which) you are looking at was drawn by a blind girl. 3．正在和我妈妈交谈的那个女孩是我的一个同学。 The girl with whom my mother is talking is one of my classmates. 4．这是他参观过的最美丽的地方。 This is the most beautiful place that he has ever visited． 5．你要买那本内容非常鼓舞人的书吗？ Would you like to buy that book whose content is very inspiring? 6．那位正在和我爷爷下棋的老人是他的一个老朋友。 The old man (who/that/whom) my grandpa is playing chess with is an old friend of his. 7．那个人选择住在一间窗户朝海的房间里。 The man chose to live in a room whose window faces the sea． 8．作为一名学生，每天早晨你应当做的第一件事就是制定适当的计划。 As a student, the first thing that you should do every morning is to make a proper plan. 9．我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 The coat (that/which) I put on the desk is blue. 10．所有早年发生的事情都会影响孩子们的余生。 All that happens during those early years can influence children for the rest of their lives. 三、汉译英（近3年真题改编） 1. 那位在医院学校教书的老师同时扮演着教练和安慰者的角色。 答案：The teacher who teaches in the hospital school also acts as a coach and a comforter. （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 Kathy Ho 在医院学校的工作） 2. 我们上周参观的那家英国市场小镇以美食节而闻名。 答案：The English market town that we visited last week is famous for its food festival. （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 Ludlow 小镇的美食节） 3. 种植室内植物的人往往比不种植物的人生活满意度更高。 答案：People who grow houseplants often have a higher life satisfaction rating than those who don’t. （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于室内植物对生活满意度的影响） 4. 这就是那所学生可以与成年人互换角色体验工作的学校。 答案：This is the school where students can swap roles with adults to experience work. （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷听力，关于学校的社区服务项目） 5. 我们在画展上看到的那些画作大多受到了围棋的启发。 答案：Most of the paintings that we saw at the exhibition were inspired by Go. （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷语法填空，关于以围棋为灵感的艺术展） 6. 那位创造了 “水下业主协会” 的艺术家想用艺术提高人们对气候变化的意识。 答案：The artist who created the Underwater Homeowners Association wants to use art to raise awareness of climate change. （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷听力，关于用艺术宣传气候变化的项目） 7. 这家只提供本该被丢弃的食材的餐厅旨在提高人们对食物浪费的关注。 答案：The restaurant that only serves food which would otherwise be thrown away aims to raise awareness of food waste. （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 wastED 餐厅的实验） 8. 志愿者们清理入侵植物的那些自然保护区需要更多人的保护。 答案：The natural areas where volunteers remove invasive plants need protection from more people. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于栖息地恢复团队的工作） 9. 那位将针灸用于动物治疗的兽医认为这种综合疗法会越来越受欢迎。 答案：The veterinarian who uses acupuncture on animals believes this holistic approach will grow more popular. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于兽医 Farber 的综合疗法） 10. 纸质阅读比屏幕阅读更能帮助我们理解需要抽象思维的内容。 答案：Print reading, which is better than screen reading, helps us understand content that requires mental abstraction. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于纸质阅读与屏幕阅读的差异） 11. 记录物种的观察数据往往偏向那些具有吸引人特征的生物。 答案：Observational data that records species often favors creatures which have attractive features. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于生物多样性数据的偏差） 12. 这本词典收录了约 163,000 个单词，其中很多是习语和短语。 答案：This dictionary, which contains around 163,000 words, includes many idiomatic phrases. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于《简明牛津词典》的内容） 13. 我们在乡村看到的那列医疗列车每年为偏远地区提供基本医疗服务。 答案：The medical train that we saw in the countryside provides basic medical care for remote areas every year. （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解，关于圣卢卡斯医疗列车） 14. 那位在童年时期旁听课程学习读写的祖母能用独特的方式看报纸。 答案：The grandmother who learned to read and write by listening to lessons in her childhood can read newspapers in a unique way. （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷完形填空，关于祖母的学习经历） 15. 适度饮食意味着只吃身体需要的食物，这能帮助我们保持健康。 答案：Moderation in eating, which means eating only as much as your body needs, helps us stay healthy. （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解，关于适度饮食的定义） 16. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园，每年吸引数百万游客。 答案：Yellowstone National Park, which is the first national park in the US, attracts millions of visitors every year. （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷语法填空，关于黄石国家公园的历史） 17. 那位在暴雨中帮助我赶上末班车的出租车司机成了我的好朋友。 答案：The taxi driver who helped me catch the last bus in the heavy rain became my good friend. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷书面表达，关于 Gunter 帮助作者赶车的故事） 18. 我们在音乐会上听到的那首老歌让很多人想起了他们的婚礼。 答案：The old song that we heard at the concert reminded many people of their weddings. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于歌曲《You've Stolen My Heart》） 19. 这就是那所学生可以在课后参加园艺活动的学校。 答案：This is the school where students can take part in gardening activities after class. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于 Marie 的厨房园艺） 20. 那位为校报写体育专栏的作家以幽默的文风闻名。 答案：The writer who writes the sports column for the school newspaper is famous for his humorous style. （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于 Jacob Johnson 的专栏《Life of Johnson》） 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Paul and I were 1.on the same basketball team and we are both big fans of the NBA.Paul liked Tyrone Bogues，2.who played for the Charlotte Hornets.Paul was only 1.6 metres tall, which meant he had to practise more.Paul had to try out many times just for 3.making(make) the team.4.Being(be) just a replacement made him tough, although all of us knew Paul had real skills. This week we 5.competed(compete) with The Bears, whose record this season had been perfect.6.Suddenly(sudden), I crashed into a 7.player(play) and my knee hurt badly.The Bears was ahead of us by 10 points.I told the coach that I couldn't play anymore and wanted Paul 8.to replace(replace) me.Finally, the coach gave him a chance and told him not to let us 9.down．Paul made shot after shot and his hard work 10.paid(pay) off.Our team had won by 2 points at last. 2. Extended reading Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1.In particular, it is a great sport for beginners, because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2.equipment(equip).It is a good way 3.to know(know) yourself and understand 4.what you are capable of. Running can help you be 5.healthy(health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and can also make your heart 6.stronger(strong).It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7.getting(get) health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 8.up and make you 9.relieve(relief) from aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running, it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10.hurting(hurt) yourself.After a long run, you should not stop immediately. 题型二 语篇语法填空 A According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1.____________ (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2.____________ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3.____________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 4.____________ (be) more effective at lengthening life 5.____________ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6.____________ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7.____________ (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercise 8.____________(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9.____________ (energy). If you are time-poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10.____________ a try. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步对身体健康的影响，以及在跑步时应该注意的事项。 1．longer　解析：考查副词的比较级。根据空前的live和空后的than并结合句意可知，此处应使用副词的比较级形式。 2．to see　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意“你不必跑得很快或跑很久就能看到它的好处”可知，此处应使用不定式形式表示目的。 3．dying　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处作介词of的宾语，且后有副词early作状语，所以应使用动词-ing形式dying。　 4. is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据全文可知，文章叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。it指代上文的running regularly，是单数，谓语动词也应使用单数。 5．than　解析：考查连词。根据前面的more effective可知，此处表示“有规律地跑步在延长寿命方面比散步、骑车或游泳更有效”，应使用表示比较的连词than。 6．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句的关系代词，其先行词是study, 且在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导。 7．causes　解析：考查可数名词复数。此处的cause是名词，意为“原因”。根据all可知，应使用其复数形式。 8．to strengthen　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。 9．energetic　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知， 此处应使用与其前的cheap、easy相同形式的形容词energetic，作表语。 10．it　解析：考查代词。根据句意可知， 此处表示“我们都应该试着跑跑步”，应使用代词it，指代上文的running。 B As the proverb goes, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” From this, we know that health is 1.____________(true) important to everybody.But how to keep fit? Many people believe that sports can offer people health and pleasure.As far as I am concerned, I think doing physical exercise 2.____________(have) lots of advantages. First of all, doing exercise in the morning will refresh my body as well as give me 3.____________ good appetite (胃口) to eat my breakfast.What's more, the air in the morning is really fresh and clean, so I can keep my mind clear and sound in the class.By doing physical exercise every day I can keep my mind sharp, 4.________________ helps me finish my tasks in time.If I do not do any physical exercise for a long time, I 5.________________ (feel) tired and my body becomes quite sluggish (浑身乏力).During the night, I may find 6.____________ harder to fall asleep.Last but not least, doing exercise every day will help me to build a better personality.It takes time and patience 7.____________(do) exercise.Sometimes I just want to give 8.____________， but my friends encourage me to carry on.Then I feel a lot of satisfaction.Doing physical exercise makes me stronger and 9.________(health).That's my personal experience. As a student, sports are necessary.You can pick up your favorite sport and do it every day.Only in this way can you build up your 10.____________(strong) and stay happy. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了健康对每个人都很重要，锻炼可以给人带来健康和快乐。 1．truly　解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词important，应用副词形式作状语。 2．has　解析：考查主谓一致。根据句中的think可知，句子使用一般现在时，动词think后的宾语从句中，动名词短语doing physical exercise作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 3．a　解析：考查冠词。此处表示“一个好胃口”，应用不定冠词表示泛指，good是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。 4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句子是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。I can keep my mind sharp是主句，空处引导定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。 5．will feel　解析：考查动词的时态。if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 6．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，不定式是真正的宾语，空处应用it作形式宾语。 7．to do　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，空处应用不定式形式作真正的主语。 8．up　解析：考查副词。but前后两分句为转折关系，所以空处表示作者想要放弃。give up意为“放弃”。 9．healthier　解析：考查形容词。空处应用形容词的比较级形式healthier，表示“更健康”，与stronger并列。 10．strength　解析：考查名词。空处应填名词形式strength，表示“力量”，作动词短语build up的宾语。 C An increasing number of people attach great importance to interpersonal relationship in career success.Being polite 56.____________(be) the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends.Polite words can be easy yet very 57.____________(power) in your daily life. Always saying “please” and “thank you” will make your friends more comfortable and more willing 58.____________(offer) help when necessary.We all know that one man's success is based 59.____________ how he deals with people.Always be grateful to other people's 60.____________(kind) and show your gratitude through the words you speak.The more support you win from other people, the 61.____________(fast) you will move towards your goal. Although some people may easily ignore 62.____________ importance of being polite, we students should form good habits and behave in good manners.First, learn to be friendly to your parents and relatives at home.Then at school, listen 63.____________ (respectful) when your teachers instruct you.Follow and accept their advice to improve yourself.You will make further progress 64.____________ you express your gratitude in time. Remember, being polite costs nothing but it is worth millions of 65.____________ (dollar). 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了礼貌的重要性，礼貌是朋友之间发展良好关系的第一步，也是最重要的一步。作者呼吁人们要做一个有礼貌的人。 56．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语为动名词短语Being polite，谓语动词应用单数形式。 57．powerful　解析：考查形容词。根据yet可知，空处应用形容词powerful与easy并列，作表语。 58．to offer　解析：考查非谓语动词。be willing to do sth.意为“愿意做某事”，为固定短语。 59．on　解析：考查介词。be based on意为“以……为基础”，为固定短语。 60．kindness 　解析：考查名词。根据空前的people's可知，空处应用名词kindness，且kindness为不可数名词，应用单数形式。 61．faster　解析：考查副词比较级。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”。 62．the　解析：考查冠词。此处表特指，空处应用定冠词the, the importance of being polite意为“礼貌的重要性”。 63．respectfully　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词listen，应用副词respectfully，作状语。 64．if　解析：考查状语从句。此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用if。 65．dollars　解析：考查名词复数。dollar为可数名词，空前有millions of修饰，应用复数形式。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 核心语法精练（定语从句Ⅰ） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇+语法全考查） 2 二、用定语从句完成句子 5 三、汉译英（近3年真题改编） 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 8 题型二 语篇语法填空 9 一、单句语法填空（词汇+语法全考查） 1. The athlete ______ won the championship in the marathon is from our school. 2. The balanced diet ______ our teacher recommended is good for our health. 3. Do you know the reason ______ Paul practiced basketball so hard every day? 4. The gym ______ we often do exercise has a lot of new equipment. 5. The sports meeting ______ our school held last week was a great success. 6. The boy ______ father is a coach in the school team showed great talent in running. 7. This is the pair of shoes ______ I bought for the long-distance running. 8. We all admire the students ______ always keep up with the team in training. 9. The time ______ we spend on physical exercise every day is good for our health. 10. The playground ______ we often play basketball is being renovated now. 11. The doctor ______ gave us a lecture on health is an expert in sports medicine. 12. The advice ______ our PE teacher gave us was very useful for our training. 13. The competition ______ we tried out for last month will be held next week. 14. The girl ______ dream is to become a professional athlete trains very hard. 15. This is the magazine ______ introduces many effective ways to keep fit. 16. The stadium ______ the opening ceremony was held is very large. 17. The coach ______ team won the championship has rich experience. 18. I still remember the day ______ I first joined the school basketball team. 19. The equipment ______ we use in the gym is imported from abroad. 20. The student ______ broke the school record in the 100-meter race is my deskmate. 21. The reason ______ we need to do warm-up exercises is to prevent injuries. 22. The book ______ cover is green introduces the history of Olympic Games. 23. The club ______ we often gather to discuss sports news is on the third floor. 24. The exercises ______ our teacher designed for us are helpful to strengthen our muscles. 25. The runner ______ leg was injured in the race was taken to the hospital. 26. The sports meeting ______ will be held next month is what we are looking forward to. 27. The time ______ we spend on training every day will finally pay off. 28. The doctor ______ we consulted about health problems is very patient. 29. The playground ______ surface is made of rubber is safe for children to play on. 30. The moment ______ the winner crossed the finish line was cheered by the crowd. 二、用定语从句完成句子 1．她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。 She is the only one of the employees ． 2．你正在看的那幅画是一个盲人女孩画的。 The picture was drawn by a blind girl. 3．正在和我妈妈交谈的那个女孩是我的一个同学。 The girl is one of my classmates. 4．这是他参观过的最美丽的地方。 This is the most beautiful place ． 5．你要买那本内容非常鼓舞人的书吗？ Would you like to buy that book 6．那位正在和我爷爷下棋的老人是他的一个老朋友。 is an old friend of his. 7．那个人选择住在一间窗户朝海的房间里。 The man chose to live in a room ． 8．作为一名学生，每天早晨你应当做的第一件事就是制定适当的计划。 As a student, every morning is to make a proper plan. 9．我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 is blue. 10．所有早年发生的事情都会影响孩子们的余生。 can influence children for the rest of their lives. 三、汉译英（近3年真题改编） 1. 那位在医院学校教书的老师同时扮演着教练和安慰者的角色。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 Kathy Ho 在医院学校的工作） 2. 我们上周参观的那家英国市场小镇以美食节而闻名。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 Ludlow 小镇的美食节） 3. 种植室内植物的人往往比不种植物的人生活满意度更高。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于室内植物对生活满意度的影响） 4. 这就是那所学生可以与成年人互换角色体验工作的学校。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷听力，关于学校的社区服务项目） 5. 我们在画展上看到的那些画作大多受到了围棋的启发。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷语法填空，关于以围棋为灵感的艺术展） 6. 那位创造了 “水下业主协会” 的艺术家想用艺术提高人们对气候变化的意识。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考一卷听力，关于用艺术宣传气候变化的项目） 7. 这家只提供本该被丢弃的食材的餐厅旨在提高人们对食物浪费的关注。 答案： （改编自 2025 年全国高考二卷阅读理解，关于 wastED 餐厅的实验） 8. 志愿者们清理入侵植物的那些自然保护区需要更多人的保护。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于栖息地恢复团队的工作） 9. 那位将针灸用于动物治疗的兽医认为这种综合疗法会越来越受欢迎。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于兽医 Farber 的综合疗法） 10. 纸质阅读比屏幕阅读更能帮助我们理解需要抽象思维的内容。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于纸质阅读与屏幕阅读的差异） 11. 记录物种的观察数据往往偏向那些具有吸引人特征的生物。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于生物多样性数据的偏差） 12. 这本词典收录了约 163,000 个单词，其中很多是习语和短语。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷阅读理解，关于《简明牛津词典》的内容） 13. 我们在乡村看到的那列医疗列车每年为偏远地区提供基本医疗服务。 答案： （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解，关于圣卢卡斯医疗列车） 14. 那位在童年时期旁听课程学习读写的祖母能用独特的方式看报纸。 答案： （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷完形填空，关于祖母的学习经历） 15. 适度饮食意味着只吃身体需要的食物，这能帮助我们保持健康。 答案： （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷阅读理解，关于适度饮食的定义） 16. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园，每年吸引数百万游客。 答案： （改编自 2024 年全国甲卷语法填空，关于黄石国家公园的历史） 17. 那位在暴雨中帮助我赶上末班车的出租车司机成了我的好朋友。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷书面表达，关于 Gunter 帮助作者赶车的故事） 18. 我们在音乐会上听到的那首老歌让很多人想起了他们的婚礼。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于歌曲《You've Stolen My Heart》） 19. 这就是那所学生可以在课后参加园艺活动的学校。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于 Marie 的厨房园艺） 20. 那位为校报写体育专栏的作家以幽默的文风闻名。 答案： （改编自 2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷听力，关于 Jacob Johnson 的专栏《Life of Johnson》） 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Paul and I were 1. the same basketball team and we are both big fans of the NBA.Paul liked Tyrone Bogues，2. played for the Charlotte Hornets.Paul was only 1.6 metres tall, which meant he had to practise more.Paul had to try out many times just for 3. (make) the team.4. (be) just a replacement made him tough, although all of us knew Paul had real skills. This week we 5. (compete) with The Bears, whose record this season had been perfect.6. (sudden), I crashed into a 7. (play) and my knee hurt badly.The Bears was ahead of us by 10 points.I told the coach that I couldn't play anymore and wanted Paul 8. (replace) me.Finally, the coach gave him a chance and told him not to let us 9. ．Paul made shot after shot and his hard work 10. (pay) off.Our team had won by 2 points at last. 2. Extended reading Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1. particular, it is a great sport for beginners, because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2. (equip).It is a good way 3. (know) yourself and understand 4. you are capable of. Running can help you be 5. (health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and can also make your heart 6. (strong).It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7. (get) health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 8. and make you 9. (relief) from aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running, it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10. (hurt) yourself.After a long run, you should not stop immediately. 题型二 语篇语法填空 A According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1.____________ (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2.____________ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3.____________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 4.____________ (be) more effective at lengthening life 5.____________ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6.____________ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7.____________ (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercise 8.____________(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9.____________ (energy). If you are time-poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10.____________ a try. B As the proverb goes, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” From this, we know that health is 1.____________(true) important to everybody.But how to keep fit? Many people believe that sports can offer people health and pleasure.As far as I am concerned, I think doing physical exercise 2.____________(have) lots of advantages. First of all, doing exercise in the morning will refresh my body as well as give me 3.____________ good appetite (胃口) to eat my breakfast.What's more, the air in the morning is really fresh and clean, so I can keep my mind clear and sound in the class.By doing physical exercise every day I can keep my mind sharp, 4.________________ helps me finish my tasks in time.If I do not do any physical exercise for a long time, I 5.________________ (feel) tired and my body becomes quite sluggish (浑身乏力).During the night, I may find 6.____________ harder to fall asleep.Last but not least, doing exercise every day will help me to build a better personality.It takes time and patience 7.____________(do) exercise.Sometimes I just want to give 8.____________， but my friends encourage me to carry on.Then I feel a lot of satisfaction.Doing physical exercise makes me stronger and 9.________(health).That's my personal experience. As a student, sports are necessary.You can pick up your favorite sport and do it every day.Only in this way can you build up your 10.____________(strong) and stay happy. C An increasing number of people attach great importance to interpersonal relationship in career success.Being polite 56.____________(be) the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends.Polite words can be easy yet very 57.____________(power) in your daily life. Always saying “please” and “thank you” will make your friends more comfortable and more willing 58.____________(offer) help when necessary.We all know that one man's success is based 59.____________ how he deals with people.Always be grateful to other people's 60.____________(kind) and show your gratitude through the words you speak.The more support you win from other people, the 61.____________(fast) you will move towards your goal. Although some people may easily ignore 62.____________ importance of being polite, we students should form good habits and behave in good manners.First, learn to be friendly to your parents and relatives at home.Then at school, listen 63.____________ (respectful) when your teachers instruct you.Follow and accept their advice to improve yourself.You will make further progress 64.____________ you express your gratitude in time. Remember, being polite costs nothing but it is worth millions of 65.____________ (dollar). 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$