2025年中考英语真题完全解读（湖南长沙卷）

2025中考英语真题完全解读（湖南长沙卷） 2025年长沙市初中英语学业水平考试遵循《义务教育英语课程标准(2022版)》(以下简称《课标》) 命题原则：为确保实现测试目的，义务教育英语学业水平考试要依据课程目标、课程内容、教学建议和学业质量标准等命题。遵循导向性、科学性、规范性和适宜性等原则。命题紧扣“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题范畴，阅读理解题则是力求在语篇层次上、在真实语境中，考查学生对英语基础知识与阅读技能、综合运用语言能力的掌握，并从积极向上充满正能量的选材中落实英语课程育人价值。 本套试卷特色较为鲜明，主要以主题语境为导向，以语篇为载体，渗透英语学科核心素养：语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力。语篇承载语言知识和文化知识，传递文化内涵、价值取向和思维方式。学生在考试过程中接触不同类型的语篇，熟悉生活中常见的语篇形式，把握不同语篇的特定结构、文体特征和表达方式，不仅有助于学生加深对语篇意义的理解，还有助于他们在以后的学习、生活中使用不同类型的语篇进行有效的表达与交流。 1.坚持立德树人，体现学科育人价值 新课标强调学科育人价值，中考命题要坚持正确政治方向，牢记为党育人、为国育才使命。坚持中国特色，扎根中国、融通中外，立足时代、面向未来。注重选取中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化等素材设置试题情境，加强对学生理想信念、爱国主义、品德修养、知识见识、奋斗精神、综合素质等方面的考查。帮助学生树立正确的国家观、民族观、历史观、文化观和宗教观，促进学生德智体美劳全面发展，成为担当民族复兴大任的新一代接班人。 传统文化：语言运用部分（26-35题）聚焦《论语》《红楼梦》等经典，强调文化传承；读写综合题以"包饺子"（jiaozi）为情境，传递家庭亲情与劳动精神。 品德修养：阅读C篇（志愿者经历）倡导奉献精神，完形填空中Liivand的环保行动（24题收集垃圾）培养社会责任感。 奋斗精神：完形填空（22题"farther"）突出突破自我的毅力，读写综合题结尾点明"错误是成功的垫脚石"，渗透积极人生观。 亮点：写作题"Mistakes—steps towards success"引导学生辩证看待挫折，契合"担当民族复兴大任"的育人目标。 2.注重学科核心素养的考查，体现“教学评”一致性 对应学科核心素养，各学科新课标提出了课程目标，课程目标对中考命题改革的指导性更强、也更直接。依据课程目标，中考命题要注重考查学生是否具有各学科秉持的正确价值观；考查学生从学科视角看待和分析问题的意识和能力，是否具备崇尚真知、独立思考、大胆尝试等品质；考查学生是否掌握实验、社会调查、野外考察等实践活动的基本方法，能否在校内、校外的真实环境下，运用所学知识，解决实际问题，以及是否具备信息运用、实践操作等行动力。 语言能力：听力（如第10-11题电话订餐）、阅读（如A篇任务清单）考查真实语境下的信息处理能力。 文化意识：阅读C篇（非洲支教）培养国际视野，古典文学题（26-35题）增强文化自信。 思维品质：阅读B篇要求分析"低头族"现象的危害（5题）并提出解决方案（6题），考查批判性思维。 学习能力：读写综合题（36-40题）通过"包饺子"实践案例，强调反思与总结能力。 3.选取真实鲜活的素材，体现课程标准理念 中考命题的素材应优选与学生生活和社会发展密切相关的素材，突出学科知识的有用性，做到理论与实践相结合，体现课程标准理念。创设问题应注意贴近学生的生活实际，引导学生观察生活和社会发展，考查学生应用所学知识和方法，解释真实生活中现象、解决实际问题的能力。 生活情境：听力（生日派对策划、天气询问）、阅读A篇（派对分工邮件）还原日常交际场景。 社会议题：阅读B篇"低头族"现象（23-26题）、完形填空塑料污染（39题）引导学生关注现实问题。 学以致用：写作题要求结合自身经历，用英语解决"如何面对错误"的实际问题。 亮点：阅读B篇配图（手机冷落漫画）增强情境真实感，完形填空中Liivand的环保行动体现"知识有用性"。 4.适当考查跨学科内容，考查学生创新意识和能力 新课标新增了跨学科主题学习的内容，明确要求跨学科主题学习的课时容量不少于本课程总课时的10%。跨学科主题学习立足于核心素养的培育，是新课标的又一亮点，也是新一轮课程改革的重大举措。 科技与伦理：听力题（Roombot 2000机器人功能）融合科技话题，阅读B篇探讨科技对人际关系的影响。 体育与健康：阅读第二节（篮球益处）结合运动科学（32题健康）、团队协作（33题）与心理素质（34题问题解决）。 创新意识：完形填空中Liivand用"橡胶脚蹼游泳"传递创新环保方式，写作题鼓励创造性表达。 一、整体结构对比（总分100分） 考试板块 2024年题型与分值 2025年题型与分值 变化说明 听力（20分） 5短对话+6长对话/独白（20题） 5短对话+6长对话/独白（20题） 无变化 阅读（30分） 3篇阅读（10题）+信息匹配（5题） 3篇阅读（10题）+信息匹配（5题） 文本类型革新 语言运用（25分） 完形填空（10题,15分）+语法填空（10题,10分） 完形填空（10题,15分）+语法填空（10题,10分） 考点深化 读写综合（25分） 简答（5题,10分）+写作（15分） 简答（5题,10分）+写作（15分） 写作题型革新 二、核心题型变化详表 核心题型变化详表 1. 阅读部分（30分） 题目类型 2024年主题与文本形式 2025年主题与文本形式 变化要点 A篇（应用文） 夏令营广告（纯文字） 混合文本（邮件+任务清单） 新增非连续性文本阅读 B篇（说明文） “零食式锻炼”科普文 “低头族现象”社会问题分析 配图辅助理解 C篇（议论文） 古典音乐《四季》文化评论 记叙文（非洲志愿经历） 文体转向个人成长故事 信息匹配题 书籍《原子习惯》段落匹配 篮球运动好处段落匹配 话题更贴近学生生活 2. 语言运用部分（25分） 题型 2024年考点示例 2025年考点示例 能力要求提升 完形填空 救援队故事（常规叙事） 环保主题（近义词辨析增多） 强化语境推理能力 语法填空 春节习俗（基础时态/被动语态） 四书五经（复合句+比较级） 新增复合句与词性转换 3. 读写综合部分（25分） 题型 2024年内容 2025年内容 重大变革 简答题 音乐治愈疾病故事 包饺子亲情体验 生活化场景+家庭主题 写作题 征文“音乐的意义”（记叙文） 议论文“错误与成功”+思维导图 文体转型+图形提示 题号 分值 题型 考查内容 考查点 21-22 4 细节理解题 考察信息定位能力以及信息归纳能力 细节理解题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力 23-26 8 细节推理题 词意猜测题 主旨大意题 定位关键信息；信息的同义表达；词义猜测；文章主旨大意 细节推理题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，同时理解细节信息；推理出与文章和匹配的内容。 主旨大意题考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据,需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括,才能归纳出文章的主旨。词义猜测题是种考英语阅读理解的必考题型，考查考生的词汇、语境理解、逻辑推理等多方面能力。推断隐含义类的题目要求考生根据文章中的信息(句子、 段落或者全文)进行合理的、 适度的逻辑推断，推断出作者没有直接说明的内容、可能会发生的事情或者事务的特征等， 理解作者的言外之意。 27-30 8 细节理解题 推理判断题 推理判断题主要考查考生对文章深层含义和隐含意义的理解能力。这要求考生不仅要理解文章的字面意思，还要能够挖掘文章的深层含义和作者的言外之意。难点在于如何准确理解文章的语境和逻辑关系，以及如何将所学知识与文章内容相结合进行正确的推理和判断。 推理判断题的设问中常含有表示“表明、暗示、推论”的词汇，这些词汇构成了设问关键词。具体来说，常见的设问关键词包括：infer（推断）indicate（象征，暗示）imply/suggest（暗示）conclude（作出结论）assume（假定，设想）learn from（从……得知）know about（了解）mean（意思是）show（表明）describe（描述）purpose（目的）attitude（态度）tone（语气）此外，设问中还可能含有表推测的情态动词，如can、could、might、would、should等，以及其他表示可能性的词，如probably、most likely、seem等。 31-35 10 五选五 总说题（31） 小标题题（34） 小标题下面的题（32；33；35） 文章整体理解：要求考生对文章的主题、结构和大意有全面的把握，明确文章是围绕什么主题展开，各段落之间是如何衔接和过渡的，以及小标题与文章整体内容的关系。 段落主旨概括：小标题通常是段落的主旨句，能概括该段的核心内容。考生需要根据段落中的关键信息，如主题词、关键句等，来确定小标题所表达的主旨。 上下文逻辑关系：考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解和判断能力，包括并列、递进、转折、因果、举例等关系。小标题与段落内容之间、段落与段落之间都存在着一定的逻辑联系，考生需要通过分析这些逻辑关系来选择正确的选项。 语言形式一致性：同一文章中的小标题在语言形式上通常具有一致性，如多为祈使句、名词短语等。考生需要观察其他小标题的语言形式，以此来缩小选项范围，确定正确答案。 关键词复现：小标题中的关键词往往会在段落内容中出现，可能是原词复现，也可能是同义词、近义词或相关词汇。考生可以通过寻找关键词的复现来确定小标题与段落的对应关系。 逻辑关系判断：小标题与段落内容之间存在一定的逻辑关系，如小标题可能是对段落内容的概括、总结，也可能是引出段落内容的过渡句。考生需要根据段落内容和小标题的逻辑关系来选择正确的选项。 代词指代：如果小标题或段落内容中出现代词，考生需要弄清代词所指代的内容，以确保选项的正确性。代词指代的内容可能在小标题或段落中，也可能在上下文中。 36-45 15 完形填空 词汇辨析与运用 上下文逻辑理解 固定搭配与习惯用法 篇章主题理解 核心考点： 在特定语境中选择最恰当的词语（动词短语、名词、形容词、副词）。 具体体现37： 动词辨析 (fish vs. swim vs. boat)。上下文明确提到她搬到佛罗里达后“继续”在海里做某事，且前文一直在说她游泳，因此选 swim。 核心考点： 理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，根据上下文信息推断缺失内容。 具体体现：题36需要理解“为了变得更强壮”与开始游泳之间的因果关系。 核心考点： 识别和使用常见的词语搭配。 具体体现：take up (开始从事某项活动或爱好) 是一个固定搭配。 核心考点： 把握文章的中心思想（环保、对抗塑料污染、个人行动）。 具体体现：理解文章主题有助于解答题39 (plastic pollution) 和 题44 (rubbish)。 46-55 10 语法填空 动词时态语态；非谓语动词；名词单复数；词汇变形；代词；连词；冠词；介词等 基础语法知识: 对上述列出的核心语法点（时态、语态、代词、冠词、非谓语动词、比较级、连词、名词复数、介词搭配、词性转换）的掌握和应用能力。 语境理解能力: 理解句子和段落的意思，根据上下文选择正确的词形、时态、连接词等。例如：56题需要理解“经典具有永恒价值”是一个普遍真理，用一般现在时。59题需要理解“书在秦朝之前”是一个过去的动作，且书是“被书写”的。 固定搭配识别能力: 识别并正确使用常见的动词短语 (encourage to do) 和形容词短语 (be interested in)。 词形变化能力: 根据语法规则正确变化单词形式（如 new -> newer, story -> stories, slow -> slowly）。 词汇运用能力: 在理解句意的基础上，选择符合语境的词汇（如 because 表示原因）。 56-60 10 阅读表达 一般疑问句（Did） 特殊疑问句（what；how） 细节定位与理解：考察学生能否在文本中快速、准确地找到问题对应的具体信息。 例如：56题：找出作者最初的想法（第一段）。 信息确认与判断：考察学生能否基于文本信息对事实进行确认（尤其是是非判断题）。 例如：58题：要求根据文本判断作者是否放弃，并用Yes/No回答。 推断语气与态度:考察学生能否理解人物话语背后隐含的情感、语气和态度。 例如：59题：要求判断妈妈话语听起来如何（鼓励的、自豪的）。 主旨句识别与同义转换:考察学生能否识别文本中表达核心观点的句子，并能用自己的话或文中关键词进行概括性回答。 例如：60题：要求找出作者对“错误”的定义或看法（文中最后一句的核心观点）。 篇章结构理解: 隐含考察学生对文章叙事顺序（学习包饺子过程：从开始想法、遇到困难/事故、继续努力、得到结果、获得感悟）和主旨升华（最后一段的感悟）的理解，以帮助定位信息。 61 15 写作 命题作文-主题语境 对于错误的看法以及感悟 考查学生掌握基本词汇、基础语法、句型的能力，同时也考查学生的观察能力、联想能力以及灵活运用所学知识进行表达的能力。 根据长沙市中考英语和湖南省统考英语的阅读理解题，可知两者既有相似性，亦有不同点。命题要遵循导向性、科学性、规范性和适宜性等原则，一线教师从中考试卷里可以找到之后的教学方向。 （一）根据考题形式开展阅读技能专项练习。从中考英语阅读理解题型来看，考查的主要阅读技能为细节理解，其次还有推理判断、主旨大意、猜测词义等。教师可根据不同的阅读技能给学生针对性的训练。比如针对细节理解技能，教师可以在情境下设计填空题、选择题和判断题等练习题目。这些题目可以帮助学生更好地理解文章中的细节信息，提高他们的信息筛选和信息匹配能力。通过这些训练，可以更好地提高学生的阅读速度和解题能力。 （二）重视词汇的教学，夯实阅读基础。学生即使对句式、时态、语态等英语语法再精通，但如果自身的词汇量不够，其阅读能力仍旧很难提升，因为词汇是组成句子、文章的基础，当一个句子中出现三个及三个以上的生词时，这个句子就很难读懂了。扩大词汇量，是英语教学里必不可少的。在教学中，教师也要注重教授给学生一些单词记忆的方法，让学生更好地提高单词量，记单词达到事半功倍的效果。本套试卷里出现了好几处要用构词法猜测词义的单词，如photographing、unlearning、priceless等，老师在教学过程中要注意教授学生构词法，主要包括转化法、派生法、合成法、混合法、截短法和首尾字母结合法等内容。 （三）深化阅读生成，加强以读促写能力，培养创造性思维。通过深化对阅读材料的理解，学生可以从中提取信息，形成自己的观点，也可以从阅读的文章里学习文章结构，主旨大意，遣词造句等，以读促写，进一步提高读写综合能力。本套试卷里的回答问题题型是作者在周末和奶奶一起学习包饺子的经历，作者认识到，错误不是软弱的标志，而是通向成功的基石。， 而短文写作则是写Mistakes—steps towards success”为题的讨论，讨论了韧性；创造力；积极心态等问题”教师在平常的英语教学中也要注意培养学生的以读促写能力，并激发他们的创新思维。通过独立思考、对比分析和创造性写作等活动，进一步培养学生独立思考和创新表达的能力。 2025初中学业水平考试试卷英语（湖南长沙卷） （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 第一部分 听力 略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1. Who will decide on the food for the party in the to-do list? A. Wendy. B. Matt. C. Jess. 2. Why does Adam email Kate? A. To ask her to help plan the party. B. To invite her to his birthday party. C. To advise her to make more friends. 【答案】1. B 2. A 【解析】【导语】本文是Adam发邮件给Kate，介绍了他给Betty举办的惊喜派对，列出了清单，并给人们安排了工作，让她帮助自己计划这个派对。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Food: Matt”可知Matt负责食物。故选B。 【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“I started a list and just gave people jobs. Please feel free to add to the to-do list”以及“Am I missing anything else? I feel like I’m forgetting something. Is it practical? Maybe we should make another plan, just in case (以防万一). Let me know”可知他给Kate写邮件，是让她帮助计划这个惊喜派对。故选A。 B One morning, I stopped at my favorite restaurant to get something to eat and got comfortable at a small table. Shortly after, I noticed four young people sitting at a table near me. After simply greeting each other and ordering, they all looked at their phones and continued to do so until their orders arrived. After photographing their food, they ate, continuing to look at their phones. I was wondering why they came here to eat together. They were phubbing, or phone snubbing (冷落), a very common problem these days. You may not know the word “phubbing”, but this kind of act is not strange to you. In fact, 32% of people report that they are phubbed two or three times a day. Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out? If your answer is yes to either of them, you might be a “phubber”. The writer of The Psychology of Phubbing did a survey and found that the influence of phubbing on relationships can be very harmful or destructive. For example, children felt that parents who phubbed them didn’t care about them. This led to a feeling of being left out. Also, partners who were phubbed might be less satisfied with the relationship because of jealousy (嫉妒) and worries. Phubbing is a learned act, so unlearning it is possible. Start by accepting the problem. Set a time limit (限制) for not using your phone. Create areas where phones are off-limits. Don’t let the modern technology which is designed (设计) to bring people together separate you from others. 3 What did the four young people keep doing before their orders arrived? A. Greeting each other. B. Looking at their phones. C. Photographing their food. 4. How does the writer introduce the word “phubber” in Paragraph 3? A. By raising questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By giving reasons. 5. What does the underlined word “destructive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. 微乎其微的 B. 积极正向的 C. 有破坏性的 6. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To warn people against phubbing. B. To show how phones bring people closer. C. To present the advantages of modern technology. 【答案】3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After simply greeting each other and ordering, they all looked at their phones and continued to do so until their orders arrived.”可知，几个人一直在盯着手机看，故选B。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out?”可知，作者在第三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“...found that the influence of phubbing on relationships can be very harmful or destructive”可知，此处destructive与“harmful”语意相近，故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。故选A。 C I used to teach English as a volunteer in Africa. Some of my friends asked me, “Don’t you miss your home, Emily?” I told them I was the only child in my family and I truly had an easy life at home. However, I got bored of having a “good” time at home and needed a change. The kids from Africa were eager (渴望的) to learn and easy to teach. I was surprised at how smart they were. Talking with them made me think a lot. When you come from a poor area, you must grow up fast and deal with all kinds of difficult situations. Volunteering has always been easy for me because I don’t like to do the same things every day. My job also gives me the freedom to choose when and where I work. Although I don’t get paid for volunteering, I’m old enough to know that money is not the only way to get rewarded (回报). The experience itself is priceless. I make lots of connections with good people. Also, when I volunteer, I often work with people who are worse off than I am. That has taught me to practice thankfulness for what I have. Believe me, this life lesson is worth a million dollars. I am not a perfect person. In a sense, I think I’m selfish (自私的). But you don’t have to be a perfect, selfless person to volunteer. In fact, I have benefited (受益) a lot from volunteering. Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too. The biggest benefit of volunteering is that it helps you develop your character (品质), and that’s the passport to a rich and meaningful life. 7. Why did Emily volunteer in Africa? A. She lived a really difficult life at home. B. She hoped to learn a new language there. C. She wanted to experience something new. 8. How were the African kids in Emily’s eyes in Paragraph 2? A. Quite teachable. B. Hard to deal with. C. Bored of learning. 9. What does Emily get from her volunteering experience? A. The freedom to choose a well-paid job. B. The chance to connect with good people a lot. C. The ability to express thanks for what she has lost. 10. Which of the following would Emily most probably agree with? A. Use it or lose it. B. Old habits die hard. C. Giving is receiving. 【答案】7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Emily作为一名志愿者在非洲教授英语的经历。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, I got bored of having a ‘good’ time at home and needed a change.”可知Emily在非洲做志愿者是因为她厌倦了在家里的“美好”时光，需要一些改变，即她想体验一些新的事物。故选C。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The kids from Africa were eager (渴望的) to learn and easy to teach”可知在Emily眼中，非洲的孩子们渴望学习，很容易教。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I make lots of connections with good people.”可知Emily从她的志愿者经历中得到了很多与好人建立联系的机会。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too”可知Emily认为做志愿者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 Can you play basketball? Some people may think it is too competitive. However, it offers many benefits for both mind and body. Whether you are playing with friends or joining a team, basketball helps you stay positive (积极的), build skills, and develop good habits. ____11____ It’s a good way to stay fit. ____12____ Running, jumping, and dribbling (运球) during a game help you to keep healthy. As a player, you must also move quickly while controlling the ball and avoiding competitors. It’s a team sport. Teamwork is the key. ____13____ You have to trust and support each other during matches. Pass the ball when someone is in a better position (位置). Each member has to do their part to help the team win. Remember, no one can win alone. ____14____ The speedy nature of the game requires focus (专注) and quick decision-making. New difficulties always appear during a game. You have to think on your feet and keep cool in all situations. So you need to think of ways to face and overcome difficulties. And that helps you solve problems in your daily life. It improves communication. Stay connected with your teammates during matches. If you have a winning idea, tell your teammates! ____15____ Communication is an important part of basketball. The winning team is the one that works together and communicates well. Basketball isn’t all about athletic (运动的) ability. The game is also about using your brains and good teamwork. So call your friends and give it a try! A. It teaches problem-solving. B. Basketball is not a one-person game. C. Basketball is a great way to improve physical health. D. If you need someone to cover you, tell them that, too. E. Here are some key advantages of playing this exciting game. 【答案】11. E 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】【导语】本文介绍打篮球的一些主要优点。 【11题详解】根据“Whether you are playing with friends or joining a team, basketball helps you stay positive (积极的), build skills, and develop good habits.”和后文内容可知，此处引出对后文优点的介绍，选项E“以下是一些参与这项精彩运动的主要优点。”符合语境，故选E。 【12题详解】根据“It’s a good way to stay fit.”可知，此处介绍打篮球是保持健康的好方法，选项C“篮球是增强身体健康的绝佳方式。”符合语境，故选C。 【13题详解】根据“It’s a team sport.”可知，此处强调篮球是一项团队运动，选项B“篮球并非单人运动。”符合语境，故选B。 【14题详解】根据“So you need to think of ways to face and overcome difficulties. And that helps you solve problems in your daily life.”可知，此处介绍打篮球有助于提升解决问题能力，选项A“它能教会人们解决问题的方法。”符合语境，故选A。 【15题详解】根据“If you have a winning idea, tell your teammates!”可知，此处建议多与队友沟通，选项D“如果你需要有人为你掩护，也告诉他们这一点吧。”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Liivand was little, she was often sick. To get stronger, she ____16____ swimming. Soon after, she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions, sometimes even in icy water. Several years ago, Liivand moved to Florida, but she continued to ____17____ in the sea. One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea. That experience made Liivand think of all the sea animals. These animals face ____18____ problems every day like her. So she decided to do something to raise people’s awareness (意识) of ____19____ pollution. Thinking about sea animals gave Liivand the idea of swimming like a sea animal. Instead of using her arms, she ____20____ swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send “a bigger message”. Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a rubbery fin in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2021, she broke the ____21____ by swimming 30 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida. But Liivand believed she could go ____22____. Every day, she got up at 4:00 a.m., put on her fin and went swimming. To improve her strength (力量), she sometimes even pulled other people in the water. On May 7, 2022, Liivand managed to break her record again. ____23____, she swam 42.2 kilometers. It took her nearly 12 hours. Along the way, the woman collected all the ____24____ she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish. “Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being ____25____ to help the community and the world means much more,” Liivand said. 16. A. took up B. put off C. gave up 17. A. fish B. swim C. boat 18. A. similar B. different C. opposite 19. A. air B. sound C. plastic 20. A. stopped B. started C. regretted 21. A. leg B. rule C. record 22. A. farther B. slower C. higher 23. A. Unluckily B. Unbelievably C. Uncertainly 24. A. ice B. oil C. rubbish 25. A. warm-hearted B. cold-blooded C. weak-kneed 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Liivand为了提高人们对塑料污染的认识，用橡胶脚蹼在海水中游泳，并多次打破记录的故事。 【16题详解】句意：为了让自己更强壮，她开始学习游泳。took up开始从事；put off推迟；gave up放弃。根据“To get stronger, she...swimming.”可知，为了让自己更强壮，她开始学习游泳。故选A。 【17题详解】句意：几年前，利瓦德搬到了佛罗里达州，但她仍继续在海里游泳。fish钓鱼；swim游泳；boat划船。前文提到她学习游泳，并且参加了开放水域的游泳比赛，故选B。 【18题详解】句意：这些动物每天都会面临和她相似的问题。similar相似的；different不同的；opposite对面的。根据“One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea.”可知，她差点吞下了海里的一些塑料垃圾，而海洋动物每天都会面临和她相似的问题。故选A。 【19题详解】句意：于是她决定采取一些行动来提高人们对塑料污染问题的认识。air空气；sound声音；plastic塑料。根据前文“she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea”可知，是塑料污染，故选C。 【20题详解】句意：她不再用手臂划水，而是脚上绑着一块橡胶脚蹼，然后通过双腿并拢踢水的方式向前游去。stopped停止；started开始；regretted后悔。根据“Instead of using her arms, she...swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together.”可知，她不再用手臂划水，而是开始在脚上绑着一块橡胶脚蹼游泳，故选B。 【21题详解】句意：2021年，她在佛罗里达州迈阿密完成了30公里的游泳挑战，打破了纪录。leg腿；rule规则；record记录。根据“In 2021, she broke the...by swimming 30 kilometers”可知，她打破了纪录，故选C。 【22题详解】句意：但Liivand认为自己还能游得更远。farther更远；slower更慢；higher更高。根据“by swimming 30 kilometers”和“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知，Liivand认为自己还能游得更远并且她做到了，故选A。 【23题详解】句意：令人难以置信的是，她游了42.2公里。Unluckily不幸地；Unbelievably难以置信地；Uncertainly不确定地。根据“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知，这是令人难以置信的，故选B。 【24题详解】句意：在这一过程中，这位女士收集了她所发现的所有垃圾，并将其放入跟随她的小船上。ice冰；oil油；rubbish垃圾。根据“Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish.”可知，收集了她所发现的所有垃圾，故选C。 【25题详解】句意：打破纪录对我来说意义重大，但热心帮助社区和世界则意义更为深远。 warm-hearted热心的；cold-blooded冷血的；weak-kneed软弱的。根据“Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being...to help the community and the world means much more”可知，热心帮助社区和世界则意义更为深远，故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文学经典), and they ____26____ (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品质) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at ____27____ same time. China has ____28____ (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books ____29____ (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged ____30____ (read) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》). There are also ____31____ (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them ____32____ they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). But they are great ____33____ (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature. Are you interested ____34____ learning more about the classics? Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基础) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. ____35____ (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them. 【答案】26. are 27. the 28. its 29. were written 30. to read 31. newer 32. because 33. stories 34. in 35. Slowly 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者之前喜欢读最新出版的书，后来喜欢上读有永久价值的“旧”书的故事。 【26题详解】句意：这些便是文学经典之作，它们具有永恒的价值。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are。 【27题详解】句意：例如，约三千年前创作的《伊利亚特》一书向我们展示了人性中的善与恶；也就是说，我们有时可以表现出英勇的一面，有时又会显得愚蠢。at the same time“同时”，固定短语，故填the。 【28题详解】句意：中国有着悠久的古典文学历史，其源头可追溯至“四书五经”。此处作定语修饰其后的名词短语，用形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。 【29题详解】句意：这些书籍是在秦朝之前写成的。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是过去时，主语是复数，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were written。 【30题详解】句意：即使在今天，学生们仍被鼓励阅读《论语》这部著作。be encouraged to do sth“被鼓励去做某事”，故填to read。 【31题详解】句意：还有比上述作品更新的经典作品，比如《西游记》和《红楼梦》。根据“than”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填newer。 【32题详解】句意：不过，仍有许多人不愿去读这些书，因为它们篇幅很长，情节也十分复杂。“they are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【33题详解】句意：但这些都是精彩的故事，同时也展现了人性中的美好与缺陷。根据“they are”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填stories。 【34题详解】句意：你是否对了解经典著作感兴趣呢？be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定短语，故填in。 【35题详解】句意：慢慢地但毫无疑问，你会爱上它们的。此处与“surely”并列，使用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Slowly。 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 One recent weekend, I decided to learn how to make jiaozi with my grandmother. I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning, but soon it came to me that it wasn’t as simple as it looked. At first, I didn’t pay attention to the sharp (锋利的) knife while cutting vegetables. My finger got cut because of my carelessness. Luckily, it wasn’t serious. Grandma was nervous, and quickly helped me clean the cut. “My poor little girl! Be careful next time!” said Grandma softly. Through the painful lesson, I learned the hard way that safety should always come first. After that accident (意外), I continued working with Grandma. We made the dough (面团), mixed the filling, and started shaping the dumplings. However, I kept making mistakes. Some of my dumplings were too thick, others were not properly sealed (封闭), and some even had too much filling, making them difficult to close. It was so discouraging, but Grandma kept encouraging me. Until noon, we had a plate full of dumplings—some are perfect, and some are a bit messy. Dad ate my ugliest dumpling first. “Tastes better than it looks!” he laughed. Mom encouraged me, “They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you!” Now I understand that making jiaozi isn’t just about the final product; it is about learning patience, having fun with my family, and improving through mistakes. Mistakes aren’t signs of weakness. Instead, they should be viewed (看待) as stepping stones to achievements. 36. What did the writer think of making jiaozi at the very beginning? ________________________________________ 37. What happened to the writer’s finger because of her carelessness? ________________________________________ 38. Did the writer give up making jiaozi after the accident? ________________________________________ 39. How do Mom’s words sound? ________________________________________ 40. What does the writer view mistakes as? ________________________________________ 第二节 根据要求完成短文写作。 41. 学校英文报正在开展以“Mistakes—steps towards success”为题的讨论。请你根据以下提示，并结合自身感悟，写一篇英语短文投稿。 要求：（1）短文必须包含所有提示信息，并适当发挥； （2）80词左右（标题和开头都已给出，不计入总词数）； （3）文中不得出现真实人名和校名。 Mistakes—steps towards success Mistakes are a part of life. Instead of fearing them, we should see them as chances to grow. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】36. The writer thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning. 37. It got cut. 38. No, she didn’t. 39. Mom’s words sound encouraging. 40. The writer views mistakes as stepping stones to achievements. 41. 例文： Mistakes—steps towards success Mistakes are a part of life. Instead of fearing them, we should see them as chances to grow. When we make mistakes, we can learn a lot from them. They help us understand things better and make our skills stronger. For example, when I tried to learn a new sport, I kept falling. But each time I got up, I got better. Mistakes also build resilience. They teach us to stay positive and never give up. What’s more, mistakes encourage creativity. They push us to find new ways to solve problems. In the end, mistakes are not something to be afraid of. They are steps that lead us to success. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在周末和奶奶一起学习包饺子的经历，作者认识到，错误不是软弱的标志，而是通向成功的基石。 【36题详解】根据“I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning,”可知刚开始作者认为包饺子很有趣很简单。故填The writer thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning. 【37题详解】根据“My finger got cut because of my carelessness”可知作者的手指因为粗心大意而被割伤了。故填It got cut. 【38题详解】根据“After that accident (意外), I continued working with Grandma.”可知那次意外之后，作者继续和奶奶包饺子。故填No, she didn’t. 【39题详解】根据“Mom encouraged me, ‘They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you’”可知妈妈鼓励作者，说她做的饺子是最美味的，所以妈妈的话是鼓舞人心的。故填Mom’s words sound encouraging. 【40题详解】根据“Instead, they should be viewed (看待) as stepping stones to achievements.”可知作者把错误当作取得成就的垫脚石。故填The writer views mistakes as stepping stones to achievements. 【41题详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时和一般过去时； ③提示：根据提示内容完成写作，适当增加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，介绍错误给人们带来的好处； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①make mistakes犯错 ②give up放弃 ③be afraid of害怕 [高分句型] ①When we make mistakes, we can learn a lot from them. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②They are steps that lead us to success. (that引导的定语从句) 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$