精品解析：云南省玉溪市红塔区玉溪第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

玉溪一中2024—2025学年下学期高二期末素质测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色碳素笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C. 1. What kind of discount can the man get? A. 10%. B. 6%. C. 5%. 2. What does Helen think of her new neighbor? A. Careless. B. Annoying. C. Considerate. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Hotel clerk and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. House agent and customer. 4. Where will Romesh go? A. The cleaner's. B. A company. C. A cafe. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to put plastic. B. How to recycle at home. C. What to do with paper products. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why did the woman ask for help? A. Her train was delayed. B. Her train was canceled. C. Her train was missed 7. What does the man do for the woman? A. He returns money to her. B. He arranges a presentation. C. He changes a train ticket for her. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What did the woman just finish? A. A face-to-face conversation. B. A talk on the phone. C. Some diffcult daily routines 9. What does the man tell the woman about? A. Her responsibilities. B. The company’s business. C. The company’s future plan. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Answer the telephone. B. Join the sales department. C Lcam about the products 听下面一段对话，回答第 11至第 13 三个小题。 11. What does the man say about the film? A. It is inspiring. B. It is aimed at children. C. It is adapted from a true story. 12. What is the woman’s attitude towards the film? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Disappointed. 13. What can we learn about the film? A. It received little attention. B. It won many international awards. C. It received many positive reviews 听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第16 三个小题。 14. What is the main purpose of“Family Welcome” event? A. To entertain children. B. To welcome families. C. To have parent-child activities 15. When does the event begin? A. At 10:00 AM. B. At 10:30 AM. C. At 2:30 PM. 16. What do we know about the concerts? A. They are held in a fixed place. B. They are longer in the morning C. They present various kinds of music. 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。 17. Who might the speaker be? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A scientist. 18. What inspired scientists to create the new plastic? A. Insects. B. A dream. C. Food packages. 19. What is one potential use of the new plastic? A. Keeping food for a long time. B. Detecting bad food through packages C. Making food packages more colorful 20. What are the students expected to do? A. Change their attitudes. B. Observe nature. C. Be creative. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分27. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking for easy day hikes where you can enjoy splendid views, explore newly restored ecosystems, and even spot some wildlife, but don’t know where to go? Lucky for you, we’ve got you covered. Here are some of our favorite hikes in and around the Golden Gate National Parks, which we think you and your family will enjoy. Lands End Trail (小径) Length: 2.9 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Partly wheelchair accessible; dog-friendly This beautiful area of coastline in the northwest corner of San Francisco features breathtaking scenery of the Golden Gate Strait, the new Lands End Lookout visitor center, and access to the historic remains of Sutro baths. Miramontes Trail Length: 4.6 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Horses allowed Formerly the personal land of a respected San Francisco lawyer, this area is now in one of our southernmost sites of the Golden Gate National Parks, and it features streams and forests of redwoods and firs. Evidence of the logging (伐木) industry and old factories is still apparent along the Union Creek. Tennessee Valley Trail Length: 1.8 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Partly wheelchair accessible; bike-friendly Named after the wreckage (残骸) of the USS Tennessee, this valley in the Marin Headlands serves as the perfect family day hike. At low tide (潮汐), you can still see the ship’s engine from the coast at the end of the hike. Golden Gate Bridge Length: 3.6 miles Difficulty: Easy to moderate Notes: Wheelchair accessible; bike-friendly For out-of-town visitors, the world-famous Golden Gate Bridge is the ideal hiking destination. Its 1.7-mile stretch overlooks the Golden Gate Strait and the San Francisco Bay, with plenty of photo opportunities. Don’t miss the new Bridge Plaza on the San Francisco end! 1. What makes Lands End Trail unique among the hikes? A. Dogs are permitted there. B. There are forests of redwoods. C. A shipwreck can be seen at low tide. D. Historic museums are still well-preserved. 2. What do Miramontes Trail and Tennessee Valley Trail have in common? A. They were once personal lands. B. They feature coastal views and shipwrecks. C. They cover many challenging miles of trail. D They bear evidence of historical significance. 3 Which hike is the most suitable for people who can’t walk? A. Lands End Trail. B. Golden Gate Bridge. C. Miramontes Trail. D. Tennessee Valley Trail. B At 6:00 am, I stepped out of my car into the July heat in Houston, Texas. At fifty-three, I’d train for my first half-marathon as my plan to build friendships in an unknown city! Houston was quite a change from Southern California, where I grew up. I had bravely faced my husband’s job transfer, but without my old routines of PTA meetings and my kids’ school events, I wondered what my days would look like. The answer arrived when Annie, a runner in the neighborhood, phoned and invited me to join USA Fit. I was hoping she would hear the disinterest in my voice, but Annie didn’t give up easily. That day her plan succeeded in winning my final yes. Then, we were divided into groups according to marathon or half- marathon, and pace. I had a group and friends! From day one, four experienced women, Diane, Karen, Jill, and Betsy, never left my side. By fall, I came to believe I could walk the half-marathon at the required rapid pace. My confidence grew from strict preparation and our courage. But when only one week remained, panic struck. Deep insecurity surfaced—was I truly up to the challenge? Yet together, we encouraged each other and persevered(坚持). My goal had simply been to finish the half-marathon. At some crazy point, I decided to complete the race in less than three hours. The last mile was nearly intolerable. Our pace had been much quicker than during training. Luckily, the final stretch was bursting with enthusiasm from the crowded sidewalks. Six months of preparation finished with one step over a thin black line. Passionate volunteers placed medals around our necks. I felt the shiny ribbon with an overwhelming sense of accomplishment. At that moment, I realized I had become part of my new community. 4. Why did the author move to Houston? A. Her husband got a new job there. B. She wanted to join her friends. C. Her children were transferred there. D. She moved there for retirement. 5. What was the author’s first reaction when Annie called? A. Grateful. B. Upset. C. Thrilled. D. Uninterested. 6. What caused the author’s panic one week before the race? A. Her slim chance of winning a prize. B. The demanding training schedule. C. Her self-doubt about finishing the race. D. The fear of disappointing her friends. 7. What do we know about the author from the last paragraph? A. She generously helped other runners. B. She felt a sense of belonging in running. C. She formed friendship with the volunteers. D. She beat other runners by running one step faster. C The human mind is deeply influenced by the collective (集体的). This phenomenon, termed herd mentality, describes the tendency of individuals to adopt the behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of the groups to which they belong. It shapes our thoughts and decisions, often without conscious awareness. From social media trends to consumer behavior patterns, herd mentality affects how we think and act. But are we truly independent thinkers, or are we simply following the crowd? Herd mentality has evolutionary roots. For early humans, survival depended on group cohesion (凝聚力). Those who stayed with the tribe enjoyed protection and access to resources, while loners faced threats alone. Over generations, this adaptive behavior became a natural part of life. Today, although the physical dangers of being alone have decreased, the psychological pull of the group remains powerful. Human beings are naturally social creatures, driven by a fundamental need for acceptance and a sense of belonging. Our identities are often tied to the groups we belong to, and the fear of rejection drives us to conform, even at the cost of our personal beliefs. This group pressure is strengthened by cognitive biases (认知偏见) that twist judgment. The herd mentality leads individuals to trust the majority opinion without critically evaluating it, while repeated exposure to the same information can make it seem more believable. Social media intensifies these biases by promoting popular content over truth, creating echo chambers that support existing beliefs rather than challenge them. In certain circumstances, herd mentality can have positive effects, particularly in situations where individuals have limited information or expertise. Following the majority can lead to better outcomes, as the collective knowledge of the group surpasses that of any single person. However, excessive herd mentality poses risks, including suppressing independent thought, harming creativity, and facilitating the spread of misinformation. Therefore, developing critical thinking — questioning assumptions, evaluating sources, and exploring diverse perspectives — is essential for both personal independence and collective progress. 8. Which behavior best demonstrates herd mentality? A. Supporting group opinions to fit in with others. B. Improving a solution with individual creativity. C. Selecting a career based on family expectations. D. Accepting expert advice in complicated situations. 9. Why did early humans develop herd mentality? A. To enhance their social status. B. To meet their emotional needs. C. To strengthen their hunting skills. D. To increase their chances of survival. 10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The link between group pressure and self-identity. B. The effect of herd mentality on human minds. C. The factors contributing to herd mentality. D. The role of social media in shaping personal beliefs. 11. Which statement will the author probably agree with? A. Herd mentality is inevitable in highly connected societies. B. It is important to maintain critical thinking in a trend-following society. C. Misinformation can lead individuals to rely on collective opinions. D. True independence is achieved by rejecting diverse perspectives. D Forget to bring your charger? What if your clothing could generate electricity from the heat your body naturally produces? This futuristic concept is becoming a reality. Scientists at Chalmers University and Linköping University in Sweden have developed a new yarn (纱线) that can generate electricity from body heat, using a polymer coating (聚合物涂层) applied to ordinary silk yarn. The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. As the human body produces constant heat, the warmer side of the thermoelectric material transfers electrons to the colder side, generating an electrical current. “The polymers that we use are bendable, lightweight and easy to use in both liquid and solid form. They are also harmless,” says study first author Mariavittoria Craighero. Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. “The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. By using polymers, we don't need any rare earth metals, which are common in electronics,” explains Craighero. The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production. 12. How does the new approach generate electricity? A. By recycling the flow of air. B. By absorbing the energy of sunlight. C. By heating the surrounding environment. D. By making use of temperature differences. 13. What advantage do the new polymers have over previous materials? A. Lower costs. B. Greater safety. C. Higher stability. D. Less weight. 14. What can we learn about the new yarn from paragraph 5? A. It needs to be charged regularly. B. It has broad application prospects. C. It is designed for medical treatment. D. It will be launched into the market soon. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A The limitations of putting the polymers into practical use. B. The standard of producing the new textile. C. The potential of the polymers in powering devices. D. The follow-up test plan of scientists. 第二节（共12. 5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? ____16____ But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by becoming friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can greatly improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life because they have already gone through the challenges you are facing. They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. ____17____ Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. ____18____ Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. ____19____ While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in that you think you will enjoy. ____20____ All in all making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A. For human beings, giving is good. B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E. What’s more, younger friends can give you some fresh ideas. F. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. G. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A heartwarming story unfolded in Shenzhen. On March 10, the 62nd anniversary of learning from Lei Feng, student volunteers from the Basic Department of Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) ____21____ their way to the Shenzhen Nursing Home. They carried out a volunteer ____22____ activity themed “Youth Warms the Sunset, and Years Renew Voices”, bringing warmth and ____23____ to the elderly. During the activity, the students became little ____24____ in the “Silver-haired Classroom”. They ____25____ guided the elderly to use smartphones on a one-to-one basis. They explained functions like Moments, likes, and voice messages in ____26____ language, helping the elderly overcome their “technology challenges”. What’s more, the volunteers organized an “AI Time Gallery” experience for the ____27____. By using artificial intelligence technology, they transformed the stories told by the seniors into digital ____28____. The stories included the birch (桦树) forests in the border areas, old items in family photo albums, and the long-missed hometown autumns. These paintings brought back precious ____29____ for the elderly. While the activities were ongoing, the students and the elderly sat around and _____30_____. The elderly shared their _____31_____ stories, such as the experiences of female soldiers in Xinjiang and the pioneering days of old engineers in Shenzhen. The students, _____32_____, talked about their struggles and dreams during their campus life. The atmosphere was filled with warmth. They _____33_____ blessings and promised to meet again to continue their conversations. Shortly afterwards, the students received a handwritten _____34_____ letter from a 90-year-old grandmother named Chen Benyuan. In the letter, she sincerely expressed her gratitude to these young volunteers, saying, “We old people are truly _____35_____ to you from the bottom of our hearts. You are bound to become the pillars (支柱) of our country...”. 21. A. push B. made C. feel D. fight 22. A. inspiration B. entertainment C. safety D. service 23. A. food B. medicine C. companionship D. ambition 24. A. teachers B. guides C. nurses D. doctors 25 A. anxiously B. confusedly C. patiently D. proudly 26. A. plain B. sign C. foreign D. professional 27. A. poor B. sick C. homeless D. elderly 28. A. songs B. paintings C. language D. software 29. A. memories B. earnings C. friends D. experiences 30. A. performed B. discussed C. chatted D. debated 31. A. secret B. folk C. life D. love 32. A. by design B. in turn C. on the contrary D. in other words 33. A. anticipated B. declared C. appreciated D. exchanged 34. A. thank-you B. help-me C. invitation D. application 35 A. necessary B. important C. precious D. grateful 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 14th International Symposium (会议) on Digital Earth opened on Monday in Chongqing, ____36____ (draw) nearly 700 delegates from 30 countries and regions to discuss ____37____ digital technologies can help quicken progress toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. ____38____ (co-host) by the International Society for Digital Earth and Southwest University, the three-day event features high-level discussions on technological innovation, ecological advancement and global sustainability. Speakers at the opening ceremony ____39____ (include) Chongqing Vice-Mayor Ma Zhen, United Nations General Assembly President Csaba Korosi, ISDE President Alessandro Annoni and Southwest University President Wang Jinjun. In his speech, Korosi ____40____ (strong) stressed the potential of Digital Earth technologies. “Science shapes our understanding of reality, and Digital Earth offers ____41____ new way to achieve sustainability,” he said, calling for stronger international cooperation. Annoni highlighted China’s role ____42____ advancing Digital Earth research, mentioning breakthroughs such as AI-powered satellites and digital twins. However, he noted that wide ____43____ (gap) in sustainable development remain and called for wider adoption of open science principles. The ISDE gave its ____44____ (high) honor, the ISDE Fellow title, on Annoni and Li Deren, an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, for their contributions to geospatial sciences and Digital Earth development. ____45____ (addition) awards recognized global pioneers in the field. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，作为学生会主席，你受邀在重庆市举办的“AI与未来教育”中学生论坛上发言。请根据以下提示写一篇英文演讲稿： 1.分享你使用AI智能学习助手的体验； 2.提出青少年适应AI时代的建议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出。不计入总次数。 参考词汇：intelligent智能的；AI and Future Education AI与未来教育；forum论坛 Good morning, distinguished guests and fellow students. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My friend Clara and I were excited to join our school’s nature exploration camp last weekend. It was the first time we had ever taken part in such an outdoor adventure, and we couldn’t wait to explore the national park. Early Saturday morning, after a short safety briefing from our instructor Mr. Turner, we set off on the hiking trail (小径) with our backpacks, water bottles, and maps. Everyone was full of energy and excitement. The sun was shining, birds were singing, and the light wind made the air feel fresh and clean. As we walked along the narrow dirt path, we chatted happily and took photos of wildflowers, butterflies, and even a deer in the distance. After two hours of hiking, we reached a hilltop that offered a breathtaking view of the green valley below. We sat on a big rock, ate some snacks, and laughed as we shared our favorite parts of the trip so far. Then Clara pointed to a spot on the map. “There’s a waterfall nearby,” she said. “Let’s go to find it!” I agreed, and we decided to explore a little deeper into the woods. We told Mr. Turner and he reminded us not to go too far. The deeper we walked, the quieter it became. The tall trees blocked out most of the sunlight, and the path beneath our feet became slippery (滑的) with leaves and moss. About half an hour later, we heard the sound of rushing water and quickened our pace (步伐)，excited to finally see the waterfall. But just as we thought we were close, the sky suddenly darkened. The wind picked up, and the thunder rolled in the distance. I looked at Clara, and for the first time that day, I saw worry on her face. We had no umbrellas and were far from the main trail. We hesitated, unsure whether to turn back or move forward. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The first drop of rain fell on my face as the thunder rolled again. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We held hands and struggled through the dark forest. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 玉溪一中2024—2025学年下学期高二期末素质测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色碳素笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C. 1. What kind of discount can the man get? A. 10%. B. 6%. C. 5%. 2. What does Helen think of her new neighbor? A. Careless. B. Annoying. C. Considerate. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Hotel clerk and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. House agent and customer. 4. Where will Romesh go? A. The cleaner's. B. A company. C. A cafe. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to put plastic. B. How to recycle at home. C. What to do with paper products. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why did the woman ask for help? A. Her train was delayed. B. Her train was canceled. C. Her train was missed 7. What does the man do for the woman? A. He returns money to her. B. He arranges a presentation. C. He changes a train ticket for her. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What did the woman just finish? A. A face-to-face conversation. B. A talk on the phone. C. Some diffcult daily routines 9. What does the man tell the woman about? A. Her responsibilities. B. The company’s business. C. The company’s future plan. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Answer the telephone. B. Join the sales department. C Lcam about the products 听下面一段对话，回答第 11至第 13 三个小题。 11. What does the man say about the film? A. It is inspiring. B. It is aimed at children. C. It is adapted from a true story. 12. What is the woman’s attitude towards the film? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Disappointed. 13. What can we learn about the film? A. It received little attention. B. It won many international awards. C. It received many positive reviews 听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第16 三个小题。 14. What is the main purpose of“Family Welcome” event? A. To entertain children. B. To welcome families. C. To have parent-child activities 15. When does the event begin? A. At 10:00 AM. B. At 10:30 AM. C. At 2:30 PM. 16. What do we know about the concerts? A. They are held in a fixed place. B. They are longer in the morning C. They present various kinds of music. 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。 17. Who might the speaker be? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A scientist. 18. What inspired scientists to create the new plastic? A. Insects. B. A dream. C. Food packages. 19. What is one potential use of the new plastic? A. Keeping food for a long time. B. Detecting bad food through packages C. Making food packages more colorful 20. What are the students expected to do? A. Change their attitudes. B. Observe nature. C. Be creative. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分27. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking for easy day hikes where you can enjoy splendid views, explore newly restored ecosystems, and even spot some wildlife, but don’t know where to go? Lucky for you, we’ve got you covered. Here are some of our favorite hikes in and around the Golden Gate National Parks, which we think you and your family will enjoy. Lands End Trail (小径) Length: 2.9 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Partly wheelchair accessible; dog-friendly This beautiful area of coastline in the northwest corner of San Francisco features breathtaking scenery of the Golden Gate Strait, the new Lands End Lookout visitor center, and access to the historic remains of Sutro baths. Miramontes Trail Length: 4.6 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Horses allowed Formerly the personal land of a respected San Francisco lawyer, this area is now in one of our southernmost sites of the Golden Gate National Parks, and it features streams and forests of redwoods and firs. Evidence of the logging (伐木) industry and old factories is still apparent along the Union Creek. Tennessee Valley Trail Length: 1.8 miles Difficulty: Easy Notes: Partly wheelchair accessible; bike-friendly Named after the wreckage (残骸) of the USS Tennessee, this valley in the Marin Headlands serves as the perfect family day hike. At low tide (潮汐), you can still see the ship’s engine from the coast at the end of the hike. Golden Gate Bridge Length: 3.6 miles Difficulty: Easy to moderate Notes: Wheelchair accessible; bike-friendly For out-of-town visitors, the world-famous Golden Gate Bridge is the ideal hiking destination. Its 1.7-mile stretch overlooks the Golden Gate Strait and the San Francisco Bay, with plenty of photo opportunities. Don’t miss the new Bridge Plaza on the San Francisco end! 1. What makes Lands End Trail unique among the hikes? A. Dogs are permitted there. B. There are forests of redwoods. C. A shipwreck can be seen at low tide. D. Historic museums are still well-preserved. 2. What do Miramontes Trail and Tennessee Valley Trail have in common? A. They were once personal lands. B. They feature coastal views and shipwrecks. C. They cover many challenging miles of trail. D. They bear evidence of historical significance. 3. Which hike is the most suitable for people who can’t walk? A. Lands End Trail. B. Golden Gate Bridge. C. Miramontes Trail. D. Tennessee Valley Trail. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了金门国家公园及其周边四条适合轻松一日徒步的路线及其特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lands End Trail部分的描述“Notes: Partly wheelchair accessible; dog-friendly(备注：部分路段轮椅可通行；允许携带狗)”以及其他路线的备注可知，允许带狗是该路线的独特之处。其他选项中，B项（红杉林）属于Miramontes Trail；C项（退潮时可见沉船）属于Tennessee Valley Trail；D项（历史博物馆保存完好）与原文“access to the historic remains of Sutro baths(可参观苏特罗浴场历史遗迹)”不符。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Miramontes Trail部分的描述“Evidence of the logging (伐木) industry and old factories is still apparent along the Union Creek(联合溪沿线仍可见伐木业和旧工厂的痕迹)”，以及Tennessee Valley Trail部分的描述“Named after the wreckage (残骸) of the USS Tennessee(以美国军舰“田纳西号”残骸命名)”可知，两条路线均具有历史意义。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据各路线的“Notes”：Lands End Trail部分的描述“Partly wheelchair accessible(部分区域轮椅可通行)”；Miramontes Trail无相关说明；Tennessee Valley Trail部分的描述“Partly wheelchair accessible(部分区域轮椅可通行)”；Golden Gate Bridge部分的描述“Notes: Wheelchair accessible(备注：轮椅可通行)”可知，金门大桥路线最适合不能行走的人。故选B。 B At 6:00 am, I stepped out of my car into the July heat in Houston, Texas. At fifty-three, I’d train for my first half-marathon as my plan to build friendships in an unknown city! Houston was quite a change from Southern California, where I grew up. I had bravely faced my husband’s job transfer, but without my old routines of PTA meetings and my kids’ school events, I wondered what my days would look like. The answer arrived when Annie a runner in the neighborhood, phoned and invited me to join USA Fit. I was hoping she would hear the disinterest in my voice, but Annie didn’t give up easily. That day her plan succeeded in winning my final yes. Then, we were divided into groups according to marathon or half- marathon, and pace. I had a group and friends! From day one, four experienced women, Diane, Karen, Jill, and Betsy, never left my side. By fall, I came to believe I could walk the half-marathon at the required rapid pace. My confidence grew from strict preparation and our courage. But when only one week remained, panic struck. Deep insecurity surfaced—was I truly up to the challenge? Yet together, we encouraged each other and persevered(坚持). My goal had simply been to finish the half-marathon. At some crazy point, I decided to complete the race in less than three hours. The last mile was nearly intolerable. Our pace had been much quicker than during training. Luckily, the final stretch was bursting with enthusiasm from the crowded sidewalks. Six months of preparation finished with one step over a thin black line. Passionate volunteers placed medals around our necks. I felt the shiny ribbon with an overwhelming sense of accomplishment. At that moment, I realized I had become part of my new community. 4. Why did the author move to Houston? A. Her husband got a new job there. B. She wanted to join her friends. C. Her children were transferred there. D. She moved there for retirement. 5. What was the author’s first reaction when Annie called? A. Grateful. B. Upset. C. Thrilled. D. Uninterested. 6. What caused the author’s panic one week before the race? A. Her slim chance of winning a prize. B. The demanding training schedule. C. Her self-doubt about finishing the race. D. The fear of disappointing her friends. 7. What do we know about the author from the last paragraph? A. She generously helped other runners. B. She felt a sense of belonging in running. C. She formed friendship with the volunteers. D. She beat other runners by running one step faster. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者搬到新城市后通过跑步融入社区的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had bravely faced my husband’s job transfer, but without my old routines of PTA meetings and my kids’ school events, I wondered what my days would look like.(我勇敢地面对了我丈夫的工作调动，但没有了家长教师协会会议和孩子学校活动的旧例行公事，我不知道我的日子会是什么样子)”可知，作者搬到休斯顿是因为她丈夫在那里有了新工作。故选A。 5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was hoping she would hear the disinterest in my voice, but Annie didn’t give up easily.(我希望她能从我的声音里听出我不感兴趣，但安妮没有轻易放弃)”可知，当安妮打电话来时，作者的第一反应是不感兴趣。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But when only one week remained, panic struck. Deep insecurity surfaced—was I truly up to the challenge?(但只剩下一周时，恐慌袭来。内心深处的不安全感浮现出来——我真的能应对这个挑战吗？)”可知，比赛前一周作者感到恐慌是因为她对自己能否完成比赛产生了怀疑。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I felt the shiny ribbon with an overwhelming sense of accomplishment. At that moment, I realized I had become part of my new community.(我摸着闪亮的丝带，心中充满了成就感。那一刻，我意识到我已经成为了新社区的一部分)”可知，从最后一段我们可以知道作者在跑步中找到了归属感。故选B。 C The human mind is deeply influenced by the collective (集体的). This phenomenon, termed herd mentality, describes the tendency of individuals to adopt the behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of the groups to which they belong. It shapes our thoughts and decisions, often without conscious awareness. From social media trends to consumer behavior patterns, herd mentality affects how we think and act. But are we truly independent thinkers, or are we simply following the crowd? Herd mentality has evolutionary roots. For early humans, survival depended on group cohesion (凝聚力). Those who stayed with the tribe enjoyed protection and access to resources, while loners faced threats alone. Over generations, this adaptive behavior became a natural part of life. Today, although the physical dangers of being alone have decreased, the psychological pull of the group remains powerful. Human beings are naturally social creatures, driven by a fundamental need for acceptance and a sense of belonging. Our identities are often tied to the groups we belong to, and the fear of rejection drives us to conform, even at the cost of our personal beliefs. This group pressure is strengthened by cognitive biases (认知偏见) that twist judgment. The herd mentality leads individuals to trust the majority opinion without critically evaluating it, while repeated exposure to the same information can make it seem more believable. Social media intensifies these biases by promoting popular content over truth, creating echo chambers that support existing beliefs rather than challenge them. In certain circumstances, herd mentality can have positive effects, particularly in situations where individuals have limited information or expertise. Following the majority can lead to better outcomes, as the collective knowledge of the group surpasses that of any single person. However, excessive herd mentality poses risks, including suppressing independent thought, harming creativity, and facilitating the spread of misinformation. Therefore, developing critical thinking — questioning assumptions, evaluating sources, and exploring diverse perspectives — is essential for both personal independence and collective progress. 8. Which behavior best demonstrates herd mentality? A. Supporting group opinions to fit in with others. B. Improving a solution with individual creativity. C. Selecting a career based on family expectations. D. Accepting expert advice in complicated situations. 9. Why did early humans develop herd mentality? A. To enhance their social status. B. To meet their emotional needs. C. To strengthen their hunting skills. D. To increase their chances of survival. 10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The link between group pressure and self-identity. B. The effect of herd mentality on human minds. C. The factors contributing to herd mentality. D. The role of social media in shaping personal beliefs. 11. Which statement will the author probably agree with? A. Herd mentality is inevitable in highly connected societies. B. It is important to maintain critical thinking in a trend-following society. C. Misinformation can lead individuals to rely on collective opinions. D. True independence is achieved by rejecting diverse perspectives. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了“从众心理”这一概念，并分析与其相关的几方面内容，比如造成从众心理的原因等。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“This phenomenon, termed herd mentality, describes the tendency of individuals to adopt the behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of the groups to which they belong. (这种现象被称为从众心理，描述了个体倾向于接受他们所属群体的行为、信仰和态度。)”可知，从众心理体现出来就是个体为所属群体的行为、信仰和态度的接受、采纳。选项A“Supporting group opinions to fit in with others(支持群体意见以融入他人)”体现出的即对所属群体的支持、接受，故该选项最能体现一个人的从众心理。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Herd mentality has evolutionary roots. For early humans, survival depended on group cohesion (凝聚力). (从众心理有进化的根源。对于早期人类来说，生存取决于群体凝聚力。)”可知，从众心理是有源头的，即早期人类的生存取决于群体的凝聚力，而从众心理就是凝聚力的体现，故可以说从众心理是为了生存。故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段前四句“Human beings are naturally social creatures, driven by a fundamental need for acceptance and a sense of belonging. Our identities are often tied to the groups we belong to, and the fear of rejection drives us to conform, even at the cost of our personal beliefs. This group pressure is strengthened by cognitive biases (认知偏见) that twist judgment. (人类天生就是社会性的生物，受到接受和归属感的基本需求的驱使。我们的身份往往与我们所属的群体有关，对被拒绝的恐惧驱使我们顺从，甚至以牺牲个人信仰为代价。这种群体压力因扭曲判断的认知偏见而加剧。)”可知，人类之所以会有这种从众心理，一方面受到接受和归属感的基本需求的驱使，另一方面，我们害怕被拒绝，所以要顺从、从众，群体压力使得这种认知偏见加剧。由此可见，本段主要分析了导致从众心理的因素。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段后两句“However, excessive herd mentality poses risks, including suppressing independent thought, harming creativity, and facilitating the spread of misinformation. Therefore, developing critical thinking — questioning assumptions, evaluating sources, and exploring diverse perspectives — is essential for both personal independence and collective progress. (然而，过度的从众心理会造成风险，包括抑制独立思考、损害创造力和促进错误信息的传播。因此，培养批判性思维——质疑假设、评估来源和探索不同的观点——对于个人独立和集体进步都是至关重要的。)”可知，作者认为过度的从众是不可取的，建议我们要培养批判性思维。故他可能会赞同第二个观点“It is important to maintain critical thinking in a trend-following society. (在追随潮流的社会中保持批判性思维很重要。)”。故选B项。 D Forget to bring your charger? What if your clothing could generate electricity from the heat your body naturally produces? This futuristic concept is becoming a reality. Scientists at Chalmers University and Linköping University in Sweden have developed a new yarn (纱线) that can generate electricity from body heat, using a polymer coating (聚合物涂层) applied to ordinary silk yarn. The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. As the human body produces constant heat, the warmer side of the thermoelectric material transfers electrons to the colder side, generating an electrical current. “The polymers that we use are bendable, lightweight and easy to use in both liquid and solid form. They are also harmless,” says study first author Mariavittoria Craighero. Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. “The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. By using polymers, we don't need any rare earth metals, which are common in electronics,” explains Craighero. The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production. 12. How does the new approach generate electricity? A By recycling the flow of air. B. By absorbing the energy of sunlight. C. By heating the surrounding environment. D. By making use of temperature differences. 13. What advantage do the new polymers have over previous materials? A. Lower costs. B. Greater safety. C. Higher stability. D. Less weight. 14. What can we learn about the new yarn from paragraph 5? A. It needs to be charged regularly. B. It has broad application prospects. C. It is designed for medical treatment. D. It will be launched into the market soon. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The limitations of putting the polymers into practical use. B. The standard of producing the new textile. C. The potential of the polymers in powering devices. D. The follow-up test plan of scientists. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了能够利用温差产生电能的新型聚合物，可用于丝线。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. (原理是热电效应，这一原理下人体与其周围环境之间的温差产生电能)”可知，这一新产电方法是利用了温差。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. (与之前制造热电纺织品的尝试不同，这一突破解决了一个长期存在的问题：缺乏空气稳定的聚合物)”可知，这一新的尝试解决了一个长期存在的问题，即缺乏空气稳定的聚合物，也就是说这一新的尝试，得出来的聚合物更加稳定，同样，第四段第一句“The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. (这种新型聚合物在与空气接触时具有出色的性能稳定性，同时具有非常好的导电能力)”也指出这种聚合物的稳定性好，导电能力强。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. (这种新型热电纱线可以为服装中的传感器供电，以监测心率和体温等生命体征，而无需更换电池或充电。除了医疗保健，它还可以在智能服装中实现低功耗功能，如环境传感和位置跟踪。随着功率转换效率的提高，可以支持更多需要功率的功能)”可知，这种新型热电纱线可以用于服装，医疗等等领域，这体现出的是它的用途广泛，即应用前景广。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production.(虽然这种新型聚合物标志着热电纺织品向前迈出了一大步，但值得注意的是，实验室测试中的温差远高于日常服装中的温差。因此，现实世界的性能可能会更低。此外，在70度温差下，纱线仅产生0.67微瓦，这对于智能手机等设备充电来说太小了。制造过程也很耗时，需要四天才能手工制作一件，这使得大规模商业生产不切实际)”可知，实验室测试中的温差在现实世界的性能会更低，产生的功率很低，且费时多，换言之，这一段呈现出来的是这种聚合物要投入实际生产使用所面临的缺陷短板。故选A项。 第二节（共12. 5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? ____16____ But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by becoming friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can greatly improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life because they have already gone through the challenges you are facing. They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. ____17____ Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. ____18____ Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. ____19____ While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in that you think you will enjoy. ____20____ All in all making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A. For human beings, giving is good. B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E. What’s more, younger friends can give you some fresh ideas. F. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. G. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。交不同年龄的朋友对自己的生活会有哪些帮助？如何结交呢？本文就此进行了回答。 【详解】1. 空前“Are they all similar in age to you? (他们的年龄都和你一样吗？)”提到你的朋友是否都与你年龄相仿，空后“But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by becoming friends with someone younger or older than you.(但是你可以通过和比你年轻或年长的人成为朋友来扩大你的社交圈并获得丰富生活的好处。)”提到和比自己年长或年轻的人交朋友的好处。由此可知，空处是过渡句，应起到承上启下的作用。D项“当然，和同龄人交朋友是很正常的”与空前相呼应，且与空后内容形成转折，符合语境。故选D。 2. 空前“They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life.(他们是年轻的父母，在失业中幸存下来，可以帮助你度过生活中的这些变化。)”提到年长的朋友能帮助你度过人生中的转变，这是有年长的朋友的一个好处，空后“Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages.(然后你会觉得对未来的事情做好了更多的准备。)”提到这样你就会为接下来的阶段做更好的准备。由此可知空处应引入有年长的朋友的另一个好处。G项“年长的朋友还可以帮助你提前体验某种生活经历”同时表明了有年长的朋友的另一个好处，和上文是并列关系，同时和下文是顺承关系，符合语境。故选G。 3. 空前“When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding.(当年长一些的人与年轻一些的人交朋友时，他们可以分享他们的经历，这可能是非常有益的。)”和空后内容“Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better.( 给予你的智慧和关注会让你感觉更好。)”都与分享和给予有关，因此空处内容也应与此相关。A项“对人类来说，给予是件好事”既与上文“share their experiences”相照应，又与下文“Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better”相联系。故选A。 4. 从空处所在位置可知该空内容应是对段落内容的概括与总结。根据下文中的“You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in that you think you will enjoy. (首先，你可以想想你的熟人或同事，看看他们是否和你有同样的价值观和兴趣，是否会成为你的好朋友。然后看看你能不能约个时间喝咖啡。此外，你可以考虑加入一个你的同事或熟人参加的你认为自己会喜欢的课程。)”可知，该段主要介绍了结交年长或更年轻的朋友的方法。C项“那么你如何建立跨代友谊呢？”准确概括了段落主旨。故选C。 5. 根据空前的内容“You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in that you think you will enjoy.(首先，你可以想想你的熟人或同事，看看他们是否和你有同样的价值观和兴趣，是否会成为你的好朋友。然后看看你能不能约个时间喝咖啡。此外，你可以考虑加入一个你的同事或熟人参加的你认为自己会喜欢的课程。)”可知，该段主要介绍了如何结交年长或更年轻的朋友。空处也应是结交年长或更年轻的朋友的一个方法。F项“参加志愿服务等活动也被认为是一个有效方法”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A heartwarming story unfolded in Shenzhen. On March 10, the 62nd anniversary of learning from Lei Feng, student volunteers from the Basic Department of Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) ____21____ their way to the Shenzhen Nursing Home. They carried out a volunteer ____22____ activity themed “Youth Warms the Sunset, and Years Renew Voices”, bringing warmth and ____23____ to the elderly. During the activity, the students became little ____24____ in the “Silver-haired Classroom”. They ____25____ guided the elderly to use smartphones on a one-to-one basis. They explained functions like Moments, likes, and voice messages in ____26____ language, helping the elderly overcome their “technology challenges”. What’s more, the volunteers organized an “AI Time Gallery” experience for the ____27____. By using artificial intelligence technology, they transformed the stories told by the seniors into digital ____28____. The stories included the birch (桦树) forests in the border areas, old items in family photo albums, and the long-missed hometown autumns. These paintings brought back precious ____29____ for the elderly. While the activities were ongoing, the students and the elderly sat around and _____30_____. The elderly shared their _____31_____ stories, such as the experiences of female soldiers in Xinjiang and the pioneering days of old engineers in Shenzhen. The students, _____32_____, talked about their struggles and dreams during their campus life. The atmosphere was filled with warmth. They _____33_____ blessings and promised to meet again to continue their conversations. Shortly afterwards, the students received a handwritten _____34_____ letter from a 90-year-old grandmother named Chen Benyuan. In the letter, she sincerely expressed her gratitude to these young volunteers, saying, “We old people are truly _____35_____ to you from the bottom of our hearts. You are bound to become the pillars (支柱) of our country...”. 21. A. push B. made C. feel D. fight 22. A. inspiration B. entertainment C. safety D. service 23. A. food B. medicine C. companionship D. ambition 24. A. teachers B. guides C. nurses D. doctors 25. A. anxiously B. confusedly C. patiently D. proudly 26. A. plain B. sign C. foreign D. professional 27. A. poor B. sick C. homeless D. elderly 28. A. songs B. paintings C. language D. software 29. A. memories B. earnings C. friends D. experiences 30. A. performed B. discussed C. chatted D. debated 31. A. secret B. folk C. life D. love 32. A. by design B. in turn C. on the contrary D. in other words 33. A. anticipated B. declared C. appreciated D. exchanged 34. A. thank-you B. help-me C. invitation D. application 35. A. necessary B. important C. precious D. grateful 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）的学生志愿者在学雷锋纪念日前往深圳养老院开展志愿服务，为老人带来温暖与陪伴的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：3月10日，在学雷锋62周年纪念日，哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）基础部的学生志愿者前往深圳养老院。A. push推；B. made制作，使变得；C. feel感觉；D. fight战斗。根据上文“student volunteers”及下文“Shenzhen Nursing Home”可知，志愿者们是前往养老院，“make one’s way to”为固定搭配，意为“前往”，符合志愿者前往养老院的语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开展了以“青春暖夕阳，岁月焕新声”为主题的志愿服活动，为老人们带来了温暖和陪伴。A. inspiration灵感；B. entertainment娱乐；C. safety安全；D. service服务。根据下文的“They ____5____ guided the elderly to use smartphones on a one-to-one basis.”可知，志愿者学生帮助老人使用手机，由此可知，志愿者开展的是“服务”活动。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开展了以“青春暖夕阳，岁月焕新声”为主题的志愿服务活动，为老人们带来了温暖和陪伴。A. food食物；B. medicine药物；C. companionship陪伴；D. ambition野心。根据上文的“On March 10, the 62nd anniversary of learning from Lei Feng, student volunteers from the Basic Department of Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) ____1____ their way to the Shenzhen Nursing Home.”可知，志愿者到养老院为老人提供服务，带来的应是温暖和“陪伴”符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：活动中，学生们在“银发课堂”里成了小老师。A. teachers老师；B. guides向导；C. nurses护士；D. doctors医生。根据下文“They ____5____ guided the elderly to use smartphones on a one-to-one basis.”可知，学生们像“老师”一样指导老人。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们一对一耐心地指导老人使用智能手机。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. confusedly困惑地；C. patiently耐心地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据下文的“They explained functions like Moments, likes, and voice messages in ____6____ language, helping the elderly overcome their “technology challenges”.”可知，他们给老人解释手机的各项功能，需要“耐心地”指导老人使用智能手机。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们用通俗的语言讲解朋友圈、点赞、语音消息等功能，帮助老人克服“技术难题”。A. plain通俗的；B. sign标志；C. foreign外国的；D. professional专业的。根据常识和下文的“helping the elderly overcome their “technology challenges””可知，为了让老人听懂，应用“通俗的”语言讲解。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，志愿者们还为老人们组织了“AI时光画廊”体验活动。A. poor贫穷的；B. sick生病的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. elderly年老的。根据语境和上文的“They ____5____ guided the elderly to use smartphones on a one-to-one basis.”可知，文章围绕志愿者为养老院的“老人”服务展开。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们利用人工智能技术，将老人们讲述的故事转化为数字绘画。A. songs歌曲；B. paintings绘画；C. language语言；D. software软件。根据下文“These paintings brought back precious ___9____ for the elderly.”可知，此处指的是转化为数字“绘画”。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些绘画为老人们带回了珍贵的回忆。A. memories回忆；B. earnings收入；C. friends朋友；D. experiences经历。根据上文的“The stories included the birch (桦树) forests in the border areas, old items in family photo albums, and the long-missed hometown autumns.”可知，老人们讲述的故事和相关绘画会勾起他们的“回忆”，符合语境。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：活动进行中，学生们和老人们围坐在一起聊天。A. performed表演；B. discussed讨论；C. chatted聊天；D. debated辩论。根据下文的“The elderly shared their____11____ stories”和“The students, ____12____ , talked about their struggles and dreams during their campus life.”可知，他们在“聊天”，符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老人们分享了他们的人生故事，比如新疆女战士的经历和深圳老工程师的创业岁月。A. secret秘密；B. folk民间；C. life人生；D. love爱。根据下文的“such as the experiences of female soldiers in Xinjiang and the pioneering days of old engineers in Shenzhen.”可知，这些都是老人们过往的人生经历，属于“人生”故事。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：学生们则轮流讲述了他们在校园生活中的奋斗和梦想。A. by design故意地；B. in turn轮流，转而；C. on the contrary相反；D. in other words换句话说。根据上文的“The elderly shared their ____11____ stories, such as the experiences of female soldiers in Xinjiang and the pioneering days of old engineers in Shenzhen.”可知，老人们分享自己的人生故事，结合下文的“talked about their struggles and dreams during their campus life.”可知，此处指的是学生“转而”分享自己的事情，in turn体现了这种交替分享的关系，符合语境。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们互赠祝福，并约定再次见面继续交流。A. anticipated期待；B. declared宣布；C. appreciated欣赏；D. exchanged交换。根据下文的“and promised to meet again to continue their conversations.”可知，此处指的学生和老人之间友好互动、彼此祝福的场景，所以此处为“互赠祝福”，符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，学生们收到了90岁的Chen Benyuan奶奶的一封手写感谢信。A. thank-you感谢；B. help-me求助；C. invitation邀请；D. application申请。根据下文“she sincerely expressed her gratitude”可知，此处为“感谢”信。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在信中，她真诚地向这些年轻的志愿者表达了感谢，说：“我们老人们真心感谢你们。你们一定会成为国家的栋梁……”A. necessary必要的；B. important重要的；C. precious珍贵的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文的“sincerely expressed her gratitude”可知，老人们对志愿者是“感激的”符合语境。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 14th International Symposium (会议) on Digital Earth opened on Monday in Chongqing, ____36____ (draw) nearly 700 delegates from 30 countries and regions to discuss ____37____ digital technologies can help quicken progress toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. ____38____ (co-host) by the International Society for Digital Earth and Southwest University, the three-day event features high-level discussions on technological innovation, ecological advancement and global sustainability. Speakers at the opening ceremony ____39____ (include) Chongqing Vice-Mayor Ma Zhen, United Nations General Assembly President Csaba Korosi, ISDE President Alessandro Annoni and Southwest University President Wang Jinjun. In his speech, Korosi ____40____ (strong) stressed the potential of Digital Earth technologies. “Science shapes our understanding of reality, and Digital Earth offers ____41____ new way to achieve sustainability,” he said, calling for stronger international cooperation. Annoni highlighted China’s role ____42____ advancing Digital Earth research, mentioning breakthroughs such as AI-powered satellites and digital twins. However, he noted that wide ____43____ (gap) in sustainable development remain and called for wider adoption of open science principles. The ISDE gave its ____44____ (high) honor, the ISDE Fellow title, on Annoni and Li Deren, an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, for their contributions to geospatial sciences and Digital Earth development. ____45____ (addition) awards recognized global pioneers in the field. 【答案】36. drawing 37. how 38. Co-hosted 39. included 40. strongly 41. a 42. in 43. gaps 44. highest 45. Additional 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第十四届国际数字地球研讨会在重庆开幕，来自30个国家和地区的代表参会，讨论数字技术助力可持续发展目标等相关内容。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：第十四届国际数字地球研讨会周一在重庆开幕，吸引了来自30个国家和地区的近700名代表，讨论数字技术如何帮助加快实现联合国可持续发展目标的进程。“draw nearly 700 delegates from 30 countries and regions”作伴随状语，draw(吸引)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“The 14th International Symposium”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填drawing。 【37题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：第十四届国际数字地球研讨会周一在重庆开幕，吸引了来自30个国家和地区的近700名代表，讨论数字技术如何帮助加快实现联合国可持续发展目标的进程。“____ digital technologies can help quicken progress toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals”是宾语从句，结合语境，这里表示“数字技术怎样帮助加快实现联合国可持续发展目标的进程”，用连接副词how引导该从句，在从句中作方式状语。故填how。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由国际数字地球学会和西南大学共同主办，为期三天的活动聚焦于技术创新、生态进步和全球可持续发展的高层讨论。“(co-host) by the International Society for Digital Earth and Southwest University”作定语，co-host(联合主办)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“the three day event”之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Co-hosted。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：开幕式上发言者包括重庆市副市长马震、联合国大会主席沙巴·科罗希、国际数字地球学会主席亚历山德罗·安诺尼和西南大学校长王进军。include(包括)是谓语动词，结合语境，这里讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态。故填included。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：在讲话中，科罗希着重强调了数字地球技术的潜力。提示词修饰动词“stressed”，用副词strongly作状语，意为“坚定地；强有力地”。故填strongly。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“科学塑造了我们对现实的理解，数字地球提供了一种实现可持续发展的新途径，”他说，并呼吁加强国际合作。可数名词单数way在句中表示“一种新途径”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：安诺尼强调了中国在推进数字地球研究方面的作用，提到了人工智能卫星和数字孪生等突破。名词role(角色；作用)常与介词in搭配，意为“在……方面的作用”。故填in。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，他指出，可持续发展方面仍然存在巨大差距，并呼吁更广泛地采用开放科学原则。可数名词gap(差距)作从句主语，结合谓语动词“remain”可知，主语是复数形式表泛指。故填gaps。 【44题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：国际数字地球学会将其最高荣誉——国际数字地球学会会士称号授予了安诺尼和中国科学院院士李德仁，以表彰他们对地理空间科学和数字地球发展的贡献。根据语境，这里表示“最高荣誉”，用形容词最高级highest作定语。故填highest。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其他奖项表彰了该领域的全球先驱。提示词修饰名词“awards”，用形容词additional作定语，意为“额外的，其他的”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Additional。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，作为学生会主席，你受邀在重庆市举办的“AI与未来教育”中学生论坛上发言。请根据以下提示写一篇英文演讲稿： 1.分享你使用AI智能学习助手的体验； 2.提出青少年适应AI时代的建议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出。不计入总次数。 参考词汇：intelligent智能的；AI and Future Education AI与未来教育；forum论坛 Good morning, distinguished guests and fellow students. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】 Good morning, distinguished guests and fellow students. Recently, I’ve been using an AI intelligent learning assistant, which has greatly improved my study efficiency. When I’m confused about complex math problems, it not only provides detailed solutions but also creates similar exercises to help me master the concept. Moreover, it offers personalized reading lists based on my interests, broadening my horizons. To adapt to the AI era, I suggest we first learn to use AI tools wisely instead of relying on them blindly. Meanwhile, developing critical thinking and creativity is vital since these human abilities are irreplaceable. Let’s embrace AI as a helper to achieve a brighter future! Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份，在“AI与未来教育”中学生论坛上发表英文演讲稿，需分享使用AI智能学习助手的体验，并提出青少年适应AI时代的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提升：improve→enhance 困惑：be confused about→be puzzled over 此外：moreover→furthermore 至关重要的：vital→crucial 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Let’s embrace AI as a helper to achieve a brighter future! 拓展句：Let’s embrace AI as a helper, through which we can achieve a brighter future together! 【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, I’ve been using an AI intelligent learning assistant, which has greatly improved my study efficiency.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To adapt to the AI era, I suggest we first learn to use AI tools wisely instead of relying on them blindly.（运用了动词不定式短语作目的状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My friend Clara and I were excited to join our school’s nature exploration camp last weekend. It was the first time we had ever taken part in such an outdoor adventure and we couldn’t wait to explore the national park. Early Saturday morning, after a short safety briefing from our instructor Mr. Turner, we set off on the hiking trail (小径) with our backpacks, water bottles, and maps. Everyone was full of energy and excitement. The sun was shining, birds were singing, and the light wind made the air feel fresh and clean. As we walked along the narrow dirt path, we chatted happily and took photos of wildflowers, butterflies, and even a deer in the distance. After two hours of hiking, we reached a hilltop that offered a breathtaking view of the green valley below. We sat on a big rock, ate some snacks, and laughed as we shared our favorite parts of the trip so far. Then Clara pointed to a spot on the map. “There’s a waterfall nearby,” she said. “Let’s go to find it!” I agreed, and we decided to explore a little deeper into the woods. We told Mr. Turner and he reminded us not to go too far. The deeper we walked, the quieter it became. The tall trees blocked out most of the sunlight, and the path beneath our feet became slippery (滑的) with leaves and moss. About half an hour later, we heard the sound of rushing water and quickened our pace (步伐)，excited to finally see the waterfall. But just as we thought we were close, the sky suddenly darkened. The wind picked up, and the thunder rolled in the distance. I looked at Clara, and for the first time that day, I saw worry on her face. We had no umbrellas and were far from the main trail. We hesitated, unsure whether to turn back or move forward. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The first drop of rain fell on my face as the thunder rolled again. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We held hands and struggled through the dark forest. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The first drop of rain fell on my face as the thunder rolled again. We looked up nervously as the sky turned almost completely dark. Within minutes, rain poured down, soaking our clothes and blurring our vision. I grabbed Clara’s arm as a flash of lightning lit up the forest. “We can’t stay here!” she cried. The narrow trail was now muddy and hard to follow. I could barely see where we were stepping, but we had no choice. I pulled her gently and pointed ahead, “Let’s move — quickly, before it gets worse.” We held hands and struggled through the dark forest. Branches scratched our arms and legs as we rushed forward, dodging rocks and fallen logs. My heart pounded with fear, but I knew we had to stay calm. Just as I was concerned that we were completely lost, we spotted a small wooden sign. “Main Trail — 200 meters,” it read. We followed the arrow and soon heard voices. Mr. Turner and two classmates were waiting for us with flashlights. At that moment, I finally felt safe again. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者和朋友克拉拉参加学校自然探索营时，因寻找瀑布而深入森林，却遭遇突如其来的暴风雨，在黑暗森林中迷路后最终找到主路并获救的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当雷声再次响起时，第一滴雨落在了我的脸上”可知，第一段可描写暴风雨来临后，作者和克拉拉在森林中艰难应对恶劣天气，意识到必须尽快行动，寻找安全的地方。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们手牵手，在黑暗的森林中艰难前行”可知，第二段可描写作者和克拉拉在黑暗森林中互相扶持，克服恐惧和困难，最终找到主路并获救，感受到安全与温暖。 2.续写线索：突降暴雨，处境危急——决定行动，艰难前行——手牵着手，林中跋涉——发现指示，看到希望——遇到同伴，成功脱险。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住某人的手臂：grabb one’s arm/held one’s arm tightly/took hold of one’s arm ②向前指：pointed ahead/gesture forward/indicate the direction ahead ③向前冲：rush forward/sprint ahead/hurry on 情绪类 ①紧张地：nervously/anxiously/with tension ②害怕：fear/terror/fright 【点睛】【高分句型1】We looked up nervously as the sky turned almost completely dark.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I could barely see where we were stepping, but we had no choice.（运用了where引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$