精品解析：陕西省汉中市十校联考2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷

汉中市普通高中十校联盟2025年春季学期高一期末考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的姓名、座位号和准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚。 2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草稿纸上、试卷上答题无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman do last night? A. She drank a cup of coffee. B. She wrote a paper. C. She prepared for a test. 2. When will the man see his parents? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 3. Why didn’t the man see the woman at breakfast time? A. She went for a long walk. B. She finished her breakfast early. C. She didn’t go to the dining hall. 4. What does the woman say about the new art museum? A. It is very nice inside. B. It looks attractive outside. C. It has no attraction for her. 5. What did the woman do with the report? A. She made suggestions on it. B. She asked the man to rewrite it. C. She got someone else to read it. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6 What will the man do tomorrow? A. Book a hotel. B. Do some shopping. C. Pick up his wife. 7. What color does her mother like most in the girl’s opinion? A. Bright red. B. Pink. C. Yellow. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What is the man’s job? A. A photographer. B. A designer. C. A painter. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Strangers. C. Classmates. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. When did the woman get the handbag? A. Last week. B. Last month. C. Last year. 11. Why did the woman’s brother leave early? A. To catch a train. B. To write a paper. C. To find a new job. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do about Engineering Weekly? A. Buy the magazine. B. Read in the library. C. Turn to a journalist. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. What is the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Cool. 14. What does the man like doing most? A. Having fun in the pool. B. Playing computer games. C. Reading books indoors. 15. How often does the man go jogging? A. Hardly ever. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. 16. What’s the woman’s plan for next Saturday night? A. Going to the bookstore. B. Watching a movie. C. Hosting a party. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. How long did it take from New York to Miami by air? A. About 2 hours. B. About 3 hours. C. About 5 hours. 18. Why did the speaker go on holiday in Miami? A. It was cheaper. B. It was nearer. C. It was warmer. 19. Where did the speaker eat breakfast? A. In the hotel room. B. In the dining hall. C. Outdoors by the pool. 20. When did the speaker go dancing? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A few Toronto area students are getting the March Break of a lifetime. Here are several local trips planned. The Strachan School: Kingston, Jamaica Duration: March 11-21 Cost: $2,500 (per student) A group of 12 visitors from the all-girls school will stay in Kingston to teach kids to read and learn common words. The students will learn how to identify common struggles new readers have. Garth Webb Secondary School: Costa Rica Duration: March 11-20 Cost: $2,935 (per student) On an environmental trip to Costa Rica, students will focus on biodiversity. The group of 8 students will visit La Selva Biological Station to see biodiversity first-hand. The students will also visit a farm to learn about how local plants are used as medicine. Multiple Schools: New York, USA Duration: March 13-19 Cost: $1,800 (per student) 14 students from Ontario will explore different career options in fashionable (时尚的) New York. The students will learn that there are more jobs in the fashion industry than just drawing clothes as a designer. Students will communicate with a newsman from Footwear News. They’ll put on a mini fashion show in Central Park. Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute: France and Spain Duration: March 8-17 Cost: $3,400 (per student) A group of 19 students will head to France and Spain. For two days they’ll be in France touring and will stop by Monaco, Eze and Nice. In the three cities they’ll take a guided tour and end their trip in Barcelona. 1. What can we learn about the trip to Costa Rica? A. It lasts the longest. B. It is designed for girls. C. It is the most expensive. D. It’s an environmental trip. 2. What will students do in New York? A. See a fashion show. B. Learn to draw. C. Communicate with a reporter. D. Design clothes. 3. On which trip can students visit several cities? A. Multiple schools. B. Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute. C. The Strachan School. D. Garth Webb Secondary. B Growing up on a remote Michigan farm, Henry Ford knew little of all this-but he soon showed his interest more in the industrial future than in the agricultural past. His father, William, hoped his eldest son would join him on the farm, and finally take it over. But Henry hated farm work and did everything he could to avoid it. It was not that he was lazy but that the repetitive (日复一日的) daily life of the farm upset him. If given a mechanical (机械的) job to do, he would set to work eagerly. When he was twelve, he became almost uncontrollably interested in clocks and watches. Soon he was repairing clocks and watches for friends. In 1876, His wife died in childbirth. Henry suffered a blow and decided to get away from the farm as soon as he could. Three years later, he worked as a mechanic in Detroit. One day in 1877, when he first saw a steam-driven locomotive (蒸汽机车), Henry went to the locomotive driver and asked him with plenty of questions about the engine’s performance. From then on, Henry became crazy about steam engines. Later, with the help of an old co-worker, Henry got an engineer position at the Edison Detroit Electricity Company. Although Henry quickly became chief engineer at the Detroit power factory, his interest in fuel engines dominated his life. He spent his most spare time trying to build an engine to his own design. Henry went through the hard way to build an engine by hand from the beginning. It was two years before he had succeeded in building a working car. It was unattractive-looking on bicycle wheels and driven by a rubber belt (橡胶带) that connected the engine. Henry called it the “Quadricycle”. 4. Why did Henry hate the farm work? A. The farm work was complex. B. The farm work was too much. C. The farm work was too boring. D. The farm work was traditional. 5. What does the underlined word “dominated” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Gave up B. Broke down C. Took up D. Cut down 6. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Henry’s dream to be a successful engineer. B. Henry’s hard journey to build his working car. C. Henry’s family background to get an engineer job. D. Henry’s efforts to learn the agriculture knowledge. 7. Which word can best describe Henry? A. Generous. B. Humourous. C. Open-minded. D. Strong-willed. C Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive (橄榄) crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather. In San Casciano in Val di Pesa, near Florence, olive trees line the hillsides. But farmers say the dry soil is preventing the trees from producing the usual production of fruit. Tuscany is famous around the world for its olive oil and wine from grapes. Growers in the area say dry, hot weather always has a great influence on the crops and harms production. But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to the fruit. Without water, many flowers fell to the ground before they could produce fruits. This year’s oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent. Olive growers have decided to change some of their farming methods. They have used a new watering method to make up for the lack of rainfall and hot temperatures. The method works with a pipe placed under the trees to drop water little by little. The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. A few years ago, olive farms were mainly found in hot and dry areas such as Sicily. Now, areas such as Valle d’Aosta in the far north of Italy—which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains—can produce their own oil. Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest. But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area. 8. What was the reason for the drop in oil production this year? A. The dry weather lasted a longer time. B. The fruit dropped to the ground before harvest. C. The dry weather happened in a special period. D. It was uncommon for the crops to experience dry weather. 9. Which of the following is a good influence of the dry weather? A. It increases the planting areas of crops. B. It encourages better farming methods. C. It improves the taste of crops. D. It attracts more tourists to the area. 10. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A. The influences of poor grapes on red wine. B. The harm brought by an ice storm to grapes. C. The production of grapes dropped because of dry weather. D. The influences of bad weather on grapes. 11. Where can you probably find this article? A. an advertisement B. a science book C. a newspaper D. a storybook D Watching a huge robotic arm pour layers of concrete (混凝土层) might not sound that exciting. But videos of this process, known as 3D printing, are getting tens of millions of views on social media. They’re giving people a world in which affordable 3D-printed houses are the new normal. Aiman Hussein is director of printing technologies at Alquist. Hussein’s most-watched posts show the company’s printers layering row after row of concrete to build up a house’s outer walls. Hussein started making the videos and posting them to document what Alquist is doing. But he soon realized something. They were talking about 3D-printing industry with people online. Watching them is “so satisfying,” he says. In December 2021, a Virginia family moved into a 3D-printed house. Alquist had built it for Habitat for Humanity’s homebuyer program. Zachary Mannheimer, Alquist’s founder and CEO, says 3D-printed homes cost less than homes made with wood. “Since the Habitat for Humanity home was completed,” he said last spring, “we’ve been averaging anywhere between 25 and 50 requests for 3D-printed homes per hour. At the moment, there’re fewer than 10 companies using this technology in America. To really solve the affordable-housing crisis, we’d need more like 50.” Ryan Smith is director of the School of Architecture at the University of Arizona. He agrees that 3D printing could transform the construction industry. But he warns that American labor and supply chains for home-building are set up to handle wood, not concrete. “If you change the methods of construction,” Smith says, “you would have to develop a whole workforce around that, to be able to manage it.” Affordable 3D-printed homes aren’t going mainstream (主流) anytime soon. But getting people interested may be the first step. Hussein’s videos “unlock your imagination for what else is possible,” Mannheimer says. “We can excite a whole new generation about building things with computers and machines instead of shovels (铲车).” 12. What’s Hussein’s initial purpose of making the videos? A. To show the 3D-printers online. B. To sell the 3D-printed houses. C. To record the company’s work. D. To discuss printing technologies. 13. What’s people’s attitude to 3D-printed homes? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 14. Which does Smith probably agree with about 3D-printed homes? A. Alquist must reduce their costs. B. US concrete can’t meet their needs. C. There’re enough engineers for them. D. America isn’t ready for them yet. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. 3D-printed Homes Are on the Way B. 3D-printing Technologies Are in C. Alquist Produces 3D-printing Tools D. People Look for 3D-printed Houses 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If staying optimistic (乐观) is something you struggle with, you’re certainly not alone. Here are five ways you can frequently practice to be optimistic. Be present every day The majority of negative thoughts are about the past and future, which can’t be changed. To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment. ___16___ Give thanks The thoughts of giving thanks can help improve your body function, and overall happiness. Start by writing down at least three things you’re thankful for each day. ___17___ This practice could transform into a formal habit of recalling things you’re grateful for and writing them down. Laugh out loud Laughter really is fantastic medicine. Loud laughs can calm the brain’s stress center. Watch one of your favorite TV plays or even try laughter yoga. It might be a good choice to reach out to others for help to laugh out loud. ___18___. It can help lift your mood during difficult times. ___19___ Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you. Find time to exercise Exercise produces pleasurable brain-chemicals and relieves bad emotions. When you participate in physical activities that bring you joy, your thinking will clear. If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online. ___20___ Then you’ll likely feel more positive afterward. A. Spread love and kindness. B. Acquire spiritual strength. C. Try to focus on what’s in front of you. D. The main goal is to break a sweat and do it regularly. E. It’s unavoidable to feel unhappy with ups and downs all the time. F. Doing that helps you recognize the little good things around you. G Having a positive network of friends or family can really make a difference. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was cycling and noticed a person, about a quarter of a kilometer in front of me. I could tell he was cycling a little slower than me and decided to try to ____21____ him. I had about a kilometer to go on the road ____22____ turning off. So I started cycling faster and faster and every ____23____ I was gaining on him just a little bit. After just a few minutes I was only about 100 yards behind him, so I really picked up the pace and ____24____ myself. You would have ____25____ I was cycling in the last section of London Olympic triathlon. ____26____, I caught up with him and passed him by. On the inside I felt so good. I beat him, of course, but he didn't even know we were ____27____. After I passed him, I ____28____ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had ____29____ my turn. I had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around and go all the way back. Isn't that what happens in life when we _____30_____ competing with co-workers, neighbors, and friends, trying to prove that we are more successful or more important? We spend our time and _____31_____ chasing after them and we miss out on our own _____32_____ to our future. The problem of unhealthy competition is that it's a never-ending _____33_____, because there will _____34_____ be somebody ahead of you, someone with a better job, more money and more education, etc. Therefore just take what life has given you, your height, weight and personality. Stay focused and live a healthy life. There's no _____35_____ in life. Run your own race and wish others well. 21. A. follow B. grasp C. remind D. catch 22. A. before B. after C. unless D. when 23. A. way B. block C. step D. time 24 A. protected B. supported C. pushed D. comforted 25. A. thought B. remembered C. dreamt D. hoped 26. A. Fortunately B. Finally C. Surprisingly D. Apparently 27. A. racing B. exercising C. celebrating D. cycling 28. A. believed B. expected C. realized D. understood 29. A. escaped B. missed C. made D. lost 30. A. worry about B. care for C. depend on D. focus on 31. A. tears B. money C. energy D. pain 32. A. paths B. entrances C. plans D. barriers 33. A. movement B. event C. cycle D. routine 34. A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always 35. A. mistake B. competition C. pressure D. challenge 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Jeff Kinney’s book Diary Of A Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul, Greg Heffley’s mother suggests a family road trip. Family road trips are ____36____ (normal) full of fun, right? But this family is not a normal one. The family is full of good hopes when the trip starts, ____37____ things don’t go as they wish. They spend their first night at a terrible hotel ____38____ (sleep) on the floor. The days go on with more bad luck. They spend a sunny day at a water park but their car keys and wallets ____39____ (lose) there. The trip continues and several more ____40____ (accident) happen. Along the way, however, the family finds time to enjoy ____41____ (they). ____42____ (regard) as one of the greatest writers in the world, Kinney is doing really well in telling stories about people ____43____ may appear in our real life. We may find that some of the Heffley family life is the same as some part of our own family. I strongly recommend this book to young readers. It’s really interesting and ____44____ (include) family fun and lots of humor. I found myself always ____45____(laugh) while reading it. 第四部分 写作（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 暑假将至，你校决定在高一学生中举行一次英语演讲比赛。请你就“如何度过一个有意义的暑假”写一篇演讲稿。主要内容是你的暑假打算：如做兼职、从事志愿者活动、参观上海迪士尼（Shanghai Disneyland）等。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Boys and girls, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为80左右。 Once when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus (马戏团) . Finally, there was only one family between us and the ticket counter (柜台). This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children, all probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn’t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all of them standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents, holding hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns. elephants, and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice. One could sense they had never been to the circus before. It promised to be highlight of their young lives. The father and mother were at the head of the pack, standing proud as could be. The mother was holding her husband’s hand, looking up at him as if to say, “You are my knight (骑士) in shining armor (盔甲).” He was smiling and responding in pride, looking back at her as if to say, “You got that right” . The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded, “Please let me buy eight child tickets and two adult tickets so I can take my family to the circus.” The ticket lady gave the price. The man’s wife let go of his hand, her head dropped, and his lips began to shake. The father leaned (倾斜) a little closer and asked. “How much do you say?” The ticket lady again quoted (报价) the price. The man didn’t have enough money. How was he supposed to turn around and tell his eight children that he didn’t have enough money to take them to the circus? Actually we were not wealthy in any sense. So I understand how the kids would feel. I felt sorry for them. 注意：续写词数应为80左右。 Seeing what was going on my dad put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without any tickets. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 汉中市普通高中十校联盟2025年春季学期高一期末考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的姓名、座位号和准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚。 2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草稿纸上、试卷上答题无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman do last night? A. She drank a cup of coffee. B. She wrote a paper. C. She prepared for a test. 2. When will the man see his parents? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 3. Why didn’t the man see the woman at breakfast time? A. She went for a long walk. B. She finished her breakfast early. C. She didn’t go to the dining hall. 4. What does the woman say about the new art museum? A. It is very nice inside. B. It looks attractive outside. C. It has no attraction for her. 5. What did the woman do with the report? A. She made suggestions on it. B. She asked the man to rewrite it. C. She got someone else to read it. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Book a hotel. B. Do some shopping. C. Pick up his wife. 7. What color does her mother like most in the girl’s opinion? A. Bright red. B. Pink. C. Yellow. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What is the man’s job? A. A photographer. B. A designer. C. A painter. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Strangers. C. Classmates. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. When did the woman get the handbag? A Last week. B. Last month. C. Last year. 11. Why did the woman’s brother leave early? A. To catch a train. B. To write a paper. C. To find a new job. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do about Engineering Weekly? A. Buy the magazine. B. Read in the library. C. Turn to a journalist. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. What is the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Cool. 14. What does the man like doing most? A. Having fun in the pool. B. Playing computer games. C. Reading books indoors. 15. How often does the man go jogging? A. Hardly ever. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. 16. What’s the woman’s plan for next Saturday night? A. Going to the bookstore. B. Watching a movie. C. Hosting a party. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. How long did it take from New York to Miami by air? A. About 2 hours. B. About 3 hours. C. About 5 hours. 18. Why did the speaker go on holiday in Miami? A. It was cheaper. B. It was nearer. C. It was warmer. 19. Where did the speaker eat breakfast? A. In the hotel room. B. In the dining hall. C. Outdoors by the pool. 20. When did the speaker go dancing? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A few Toronto area students are getting the March Break of a lifetime. Here are several local trips planned. The Strachan School: Kingston, Jamaica Duration: March 11-21 Cost: $2,500 (per student) A group of 12 visitors from the all-girls school will stay in Kingston to teach kids to read and learn common words. The students will learn how to identify common struggles new readers have. Garth Webb Secondary School: Costa Rica Duration: March 11-20 Cost: $2935 (per student) On an environmental trip to Costa Rica, students will focus on biodiversity. The group of 8 students will visit La Selva Biological Station to see biodiversity first-hand. The students will also visit a farm to learn about how local plants are used as medicine. Multiple Schools: New York, USA Duration: March 13-19 Cost: $1,800 (per student) 14 students from Ontario will explore different career options in fashionable (时尚的) New York. The students will learn that there are more jobs in the fashion industry than just drawing clothes as a designer. Students will communicate with a newsman from Footwear News. They’ll put on a mini fashion show in Central Park. Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute: France and Spain Duration: March 8-17 Cost: $3,400 (per student) A group of 19 students will head to France and Spain. For two days they’ll be in France touring and will stop by Monaco, Eze and Nice. In the three cities they’ll take a guided tour and end their trip in Barcelona. 1. What can we learn about the trip to Costa Rica? A. It lasts the longest. B. It is designed for girls. C. It is the most expensive. D. It’s an environmental trip. 2. What will students do in New York? A. See a fashion show. B. Learn to draw. C. Communicate with a reporter. D. Design clothes. 3. On which trip can students visit several cities? A. Multiple schools. B. Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute. C. The Strachan School. D. Garth Webb Secondary. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了多伦多一些学生在假期可以享受的旅行安排。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Garth Webb Secondary School: Costa Rica部分“On an environmental trip to Costa Rica, students will focus on biodiversity. (在哥斯达黎加环保之旅中，学生们将重点关注生物多样性)”可知，这是一次环保之旅。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Multiple Schools: New York, USA部分的New York以及“Students will communicate with a newsman from Footwear News. (学生们将与《鞋类新闻》的新闻记者交流。)”可知，学生们在纽约可以会见一名记者。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute: France and Spain部分“For two days they’ll be in France touring and will stop by Monaco, Eze and Nice. In the three cities they’ll take a guided tour and end their trip in Barcelona.(他们将在法国旅行两天，并将在摩纳哥、埃兹和尼斯停留。在这三个城市，他们将在导游的带领下游览，并在巴塞罗那结束行程)”可知，在Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute这次旅行中，学生们可以参观几座城市。故选B项。 B Growing up on a remote Michigan farm, Henry Ford knew little of all this-but he soon showed his interest more in the industrial future than in the agricultural past. His father, William, hoped his eldest son would join him on the farm, and finally take it over. But Henry hated farm work and did everything he could to avoid it. It was not that he was lazy but that the repetitive (日复一日的) daily life of the farm upset him. If given a mechanical (机械的) job to do, he would set to work eagerly. When he was twelve, he became almost uncontrollably interested in clocks and watches. Soon he was repairing clocks and watches for friends. In 1876, His wife died in childbirth. Henry suffered a blow and decided to get away from the farm as soon as he could. Three years later, he worked as a mechanic in Detroit. One day in 1877, when he first saw a steam-driven locomotive (蒸汽机车), Henry went to the locomotive driver and asked him with plenty of questions about the engine’s performance. From then on, Henry became crazy about steam engines. Later, with the help of an old co-worker, Henry got an engineer position at the Edison Detroit Electricity Company. Although Henry quickly became chief engineer at the Detroit power factory, his interest in fuel engines dominated his life. He spent his most spare time trying to build an engine to his own design. Henry went through the hard way to build an engine by hand from the beginning. It was two years before he had succeeded in building a working car. It was unattractive-looking on bicycle wheels and driven by a rubber belt (橡胶带) that connected the engine. Henry called it the “Quadricycle”. 4. Why did Henry hate the farm work? A. The farm work was complex. B. The farm work was too much. C. The farm work was too boring. D. The farm work was traditional. 5. What does the underlined word “dominated” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Gave up B. Broke down C. Took up D. Cut down 6. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A Henry’s dream to be a successful engineer. B. Henry’s hard journey to build his working car. C. Henry’s family background to get an engineer job. D. Henry’s efforts to learn the agriculture knowledge. 7. Which word can best describe Henry? A. Generous. B. Humourous. C. Open-minded. D. Strong-willed. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Henry Ford的个人经历以及发明汽车的经过。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But Henry hated farm work and did everything he could to avoid it. It was not that he was lazy but that the repetitive (日复一日的) daily life of the farm upset him. (但是亨利讨厌干农活，并且千方百计地逃避。倒不是他懒惰，而是农场里重复的日常生活使他心烦意乱)”可知，亨利讨厌干农活是因为农活太无聊了。故选C。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“He spent his most spare time trying to build an engine to his own design. (他把大部分业余时间都用来制造一台自己设计的发动机)”结合although表示转折，故可知，虽然亨利很快成为底特律发电厂的总工程师，但他对燃料发动机的兴趣占据了他的生活，所以他把大部分业余时间都用来制造一台自己设计的发动机。故划线词意思是“占据”。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In 1876, His wife died in childbirth. Henry suffered a blow and decided to get away from the farm as soon as he could. Three years later, he worked as a mechanic in Detroit. One day in 1877, when he first saw a steam-driven locomotive (蒸汽机车), Henry went to the locomotive driver and asked him with plenty of questions about the engine’s performance. From then on, Henry became crazy about steam engines. Later, with the help of an old co-worker, Henry got an engineer position at the Edison Detroit Electricity Company. Although Henry quickly became chief engineer at the Detroit power factory, his interest in fuel engines dominated his life. He spent his most spare time trying to build an engine to his own design. Henry went through the hard way to build an engine by hand from the beginning. It was two years before he had succeeded in building a working car. It was unattractive-looking on bicycle wheels and driven by a rubber belt (橡胶带) that connected the engine. Henry called it the “Quadricycle”. (1876年，他的妻子死于难产。亨利受到了打击，他决定尽快离开农场。三年后，他在底特律当了一名机械师。1877年的一天，当亨利第一次看到蒸汽机车时，他找到机车司机，问了他许多关于机车性能的问题。从那时起，亨利就对蒸汽机着迷了。后来，在一位老同事的帮助下，亨利在爱迪生底特律电力公司找到了一个工程师的职位。虽然亨利很快成为底特律发电厂的总工程师，但他对燃料发动机的兴趣主导了他的生活。他把大部分业余时间都用来制造一台自己设计的发动机。亨利从一开始就经历了手工制造发动机的艰难过程。过了两年他才成功地造出了一辆可以工作的汽车。它装在自行车轮子上，由连接引擎的橡胶带驱动，看起来并不好看。亨利称它为“四轮车”。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是亨利建造他的工作车的艰难旅程。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He spent his most spare time trying to build an engine to his own design. Henry went through the hard way to build an engine by hand from the beginning. It was two years before he had succeeded in building a working car. (他把大部分业余时间都用来制造一台自己设计的发动机。亨利从一开始就经历了手工制造发动机的艰难过程。过了两年他才成功地造出了一辆可以工作的汽车)”可推知，亨利意志力坚定。故选D。 C Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive (橄榄) crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather. In San Casciano in Val di Pesa, near Florence, olive trees line the hillsides. But farmers say the dry soil is preventing the trees from producing the usual production of fruit. Tuscany is famous around the world for its olive oil and wine from grapes. Growers in the area say dry, hot weather always has a great influence on the crops and harms production. But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to the fruit. Without water, many flowers fell to the ground before they could produce fruits. This year’s oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent. Olive growers have decided to change some of their farming methods. They have used a new watering method to make up for the lack of rainfall and hot temperatures. The method works with a pipe placed under the trees to drop water little by little. The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. A few years ago, olive farms were mainly found in hot and dry areas such as Sicily. Now, areas such as Valle d’Aosta in the far north of Italy—which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains—can produce their own oil. Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest. But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area. 8. What was the reason for the drop in oil production this year? A. The dry weather lasted a longer time. B. The fruit dropped to the ground before harvest. C. The dry weather happened in a special period. D. It was uncommon for the crops to experience dry weather. 9. Which of the following is a good influence of the dry weather? A. It increases the planting areas of crops. B. It encourages better farming methods. C. It improves the taste of crops. D. It attracts more tourists to the area. 10. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A. The influences of poor grapes on red wine. B. The harm brought by an ice storm to grapes. C. The production of grapes dropped because of dry weather. D. The influences of bad weather on grapes. 11. Where can you probably find this article? A. an advertisement B. a science book C. a newspaper D. a storybook 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了今年因特定时期的干旱天气，橄榄产量下降，橄榄油减产。橄榄种植者采用新灌溉方法应对，同时气候变化虽有害，但也扩大了作物种植区域。在托斯卡纳，气候变化还影响了葡萄种植，除高温致葡萄早熟、产量下降外，冰风暴也对葡萄造成损害。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But this year’s heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to the fruit. Without water, many flowers fell to the ground before they could produce fruits. This year’s oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent.(但今年的高温和缺水恰逢一个关键时期 —— 此时正值花期向结果期过渡。由于缺水，许多花朵还没来得及结果就凋零落地了。今年的橄榄油产量可能会下降高达 60%)”可知，今年橄榄油产量下降是因为干旱天气出现在特殊时期——花转化为果的过渡区。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown.(气候变化的影响损害了生产和植物，但它们也在意大利创造了可以种植作物的新区域)”可知，干旱天气的一个好影响是增加了作物的种植区域。故选A。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest. But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area.(气候变化也在影响着托斯卡纳的酿酒葡萄作物。例如在基安蒂，通常9月是一年一度的葡萄收获月。但由于持续高温，许多葡萄比预期成熟得更早。除了当前热浪导致葡萄产量下降外，葡萄种植者还不得不应对其他严重的天气事件。最近一场冰暴就损害了该地区40% 的葡萄)”可知，提到气候变化影响托斯卡纳的葡萄酒作物，葡萄因高温早熟，除了热浪导致葡萄产量下降，冰风暴也损害了该地区40%的葡萄，即本段主要讲述了恶劣天气对葡萄的影响。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“Farmers in Italy’s famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive (橄榄) crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather.(受热浪和干旱天气的影响，意大利著名的托斯卡纳地区的农民正在努力拯救葡萄和橄榄作物。自春季以来缺少降雨甚至影响了传统上在炎热干燥天气下生长良好的植物)”可知，文章内容是关于意大利托斯卡纳地区因干旱和高温对葡萄、橄榄种植的影响，属于时效性较强的社会经济或农业新闻，最可能出现在报纸中。故选C。 D Watching a huge robotic arm pour layers of concrete (混凝土层) might not sound that exciting. But videos of this process, known as 3D printing, are getting tens of millions of views on social media. They’re giving people a world in which affordable 3D-printed houses are the new normal. Aiman Hussein is director of printing technologies at Alquist. Hussein’s most-watched posts show the company’s printers layering row after row of concrete to build up a house’s outer walls. Hussein started making the videos and posting them to document what Alquist is doing. But he soon realized something. They were talking about 3D-printing industry with people online. Watching them is “so satisfying,” he says. In December 2021, a Virginia family moved into a 3D-printed house. Alquist had built it for Habitat for Humanity’s homebuyer program. Zachary Mannheimer, Alquist’s founder and CEO, says 3D-printed homes cost less than homes made with wood. “Since the Habitat for Humanity home was completed,” he said last spring, “we’ve been averaging anywhere between 25 and 50 requests for 3D-printed homes per hour. At the moment, there’re fewer than 10 companies using this technology in America. To really solve the affordable-housing crisis, we’d need more like 50.” Ryan Smith is director of the School of Architecture at the University of Arizona. He agrees that 3D printing could transform the construction industry. But he warns that American labor and supply chains for home-building are set up to handle wood, not concrete. “If you change the methods of construction,” Smith says, “you would have to develop a whole workforce around that, to be able to manage it.” Affordable 3D-printed homes aren’t going mainstream (主流) anytime soon. But getting people interested may be the first step. Hussein’s videos “unlock your imagination for what else is possible,” Mannheimer says. “We can excite a whole new generation about building things with computers and machines instead of shovels (铲车).” 12. What’s Hussein’s initial purpose of making the videos? A. To show the 3D-printers online. B. To sell the 3D-printed houses. C. To record the company’s work. D. To discuss printing technologies. 13. What’s people’s attitude to 3D-printed homes? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 14. Which does Smith probably agree with about 3D-printed homes? A. Alquist must reduce their costs. B. US concrete can’t meet their needs. C. There’re enough engineers for them. D. America isn’t ready for them yet. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. 3D-printed Homes Are on the Way B. 3D-printing Technologies Are in C. Alquist Produces 3D-printing Tools D. People Look for 3D-printed Houses 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Aiman Hussein is director of printing technologies at Alquist. Hussein’s most-watched posts show the company’s printers layering row after row of concrete to build up a house’s outer walls. Hussein started making the videos and posting them to document what Alquist is doing. (Aiman Hussein是Alquist印刷技术主管。Hussein最受关注的帖子显示，该公司的打印机正在用一排又一排的混凝土建造房屋的外墙。Hussein开始制作视频并上传，以记录Alquist所做的。)”可知，Hussein制作这些视频的最初目的是为了记录Alquist公司的工作。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“we’ve been averaging anywhere between 25 and 50 requests for 3D-printed homes per hour. (我们平均每小时收到25到50个3D打印房屋的请求。)”可推断，人们对3D打印房屋的态度是积极的。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But he warns that American labor and supply chains for home-building are set up to handle wood, not concrete. “If you change the methods of construction,” Smith says, “you would have to develop a whole workforce around that, to be able to manage it.”(但他警告说，美国的劳动力和房屋建筑供应链是为处理木材而不是混凝土而建立的。“如果你改变了建造方法，” Smith说，“你就必须围绕它培养一整个劳动力队伍，以便能够管理它。”)”可知，Smith认为美国目前还无法满足3D打印房屋的要求，即美国还没有准备好。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Watching a huge robotic arm pour layers of concrete(混凝土层) might not sound that exciting. But videos of this process, known as 3D printing, are getting tens of millions of views on social media. They’re giving people a world in which affordable 3D-printed houses are the new normal. (看着一个巨大的机械臂浇筑一层层混凝土听起来可能不那么令人兴奋。但是这个过程的视频，被称为3D打印，在社交媒体上获得了数千万的观看次数。他们给人们带来了一个世界，在这个世界里，价格合理的3D打印房屋是新常态。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了3 D打印技术在建筑行业的应用。所以选择项A“3D-printed Homes Are on the Way(3D打印房屋即将问世)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If staying optimistic (乐观) is something you struggle with, you’re certainly not alone. Here are five ways you can frequently practice to be optimistic. Be present every day The majority of negative thoughts are about the past and future, which can’t be changed. To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment. ___16___ Give thanks The thoughts of giving thanks can help improve your body function, and overall happiness. Start by writing down at least three things you’re thankful for each day. ___17___ This practice could transform into a formal habit of recalling things you’re grateful for and writing them down. Laugh out loud Laughter really is fantastic medicine. Loud laughs can calm the brain’s stress center. Watch one of your favorite TV plays or even try laughter yoga. It might be a good choice to reach out to others for help to laugh out loud. ___18___. It can help lift your mood during difficult times. ___19___ Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you. Find time to exercise Exercise produces pleasurable brain-chemicals and relieves bad emotions. When you participate in physical activities that bring you joy, your thinking will clear. If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online. ___20___ Then you’ll likely feel more positive afterward. A. Spread love and kindness. B. Acquire spiritual strength. C. Try to focus on what’s in front of you. D. The main goal is to break a sweat and do it regularly. E. It’s unavoidable to feel unhappy with ups and downs all the time. F. Doing that helps you recognize the little good things around you. G. Having a positive network of friends or family can really make a difference. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五种培养乐观心态的常用方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文本段小标题“Be present every day (每日活在当下)”和空格前句子“To be present, you need to exactly figure out whether they are in the past, present or future and bring them back into the moment.(为了活在当下，你需要准确地弄清楚他们是在过去、现在还是未来，并把他们带回到当下)”可知，此处应填入与“活在当下”相关的内容，选项C“Try to focus on what’s in front of you (试着专注于眼前的事物)”直接回应了上文提到的“把（思绪）带回到当下”的概念，强调了要关注当前正在发生的事情，而不是沉溺于过去或担忧未来，这与“活在当下”的理念相符。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Start by writing down at least three things you’re thankful for each day. (从每天写下至少三件让你感恩的事情开始)”和空格后句子“This practice could transform into a formal habit of recalling things you’re grateful for and writing them down.(这个练习可以变成一种正式的习惯，即回忆并写下你感激的事情)”可知，此处应填入与“感恩”和“记录感激之事”相关的内容，选项F“Doing that helps you recognize the little good things around you (这样做可以帮助你认识到周围的小美好)”中的“that”指代前文提到的“写下你感激的事情”这一行为，进一步解释了感恩和记录的好处，与后文的“变成一种正式的习惯，即回忆并写下你感激的事情”相呼应。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据前文本段小标题“Laugh out loud (大声笑出来)”和空格后句子“It can help lift your mood during difficult times.(它能在困难时期帮助你提升情绪)”可知，此处应填入与“大声笑出来”对情绪有积极影响的内容，G选项“Having a positive network of friends or family can really make a difference(拥有一个积极的朋友或家庭网络确实能产生很大的影响)”虽然未直接提及“笑”，但强调了正面社交关系对情绪有积极影响，这与后文提到的“提升情绪”相呼应，空格后的It指代选项中“拥有一个积极的朋友或家庭网络”这件事。故选G。 【19题详解】 空格处是本段的小标题，根据后文本段内容“Acts of kindness can increase your sense of well-being. Even something as simple as giving someone a smile can leave you both feeling happier. Challenge yourself to do at least one kind thing for someone else each day, such as buying a stranger a cup of coffee or donating to a cause that matters to you.(善意的行为可以增加你的幸福感。即使是像给别人一个微笑这样简单的事情也能让你们俩都感觉更快乐。挑战自己，每天至少为别人做一件好事，比如给陌生人买杯咖啡，或者为你觉得重要的事情捐款)”可知，此处应填入与“善举”或“传递爱与善良”相关的内容。选项A“Spread love and kindness(传递爱与善良)”直接点明了本段的主题，即通过善举来传递爱与善良，这与后文提到的“善举可以增加你的幸福感”相呼应。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据前文句子“If it’s hard to find time to get to the gym, there are many exercise videos you can follow online.(如果很难找到时间去健身房，网上有很多锻炼视频可以跟着做)”和空格后句子“Then you’ll likely feel more positive afterward.(之后你可能会感觉更积极)”可知，此处应填入与“在线锻炼”和“定期锻炼”相关的内容，选项D“The main goal is to break a sweat and do it regularly(主要目标是出汗并定期进行)”强调了锻炼的目标是要出汗并且要定期进行，这与前文提到的在线锻炼视频和后文提到的锻炼后感觉更积极相呼应。它指出了锻炼的关键在于持续性和规律性，这与后文提到的积极效果是一致的。故选D。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was cycling and noticed a person, about a quarter of a kilometer in front of me. I could tell he was cycling a little slower than me and decided to try to ____21____ him. I had about a kilometer to go on the road ____22____ turning off. So I started cycling faster and faster and every ____23____ I was gaining on him just a little bit. After just a few minutes I was only about 100 yards behind him, so I really picked up the pace and ____24____ myself. You would have ____25____ I was cycling in the last section of London Olympic triathlon. ____26____, I caught up with him and passed him by. On the inside I felt so good. I beat him, of course, but he didn't even know we were ____27____. After I passed him, I ____28____ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had ____29____ my turn. I had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around and go all the way back. Isn't that what happens in life when we _____30_____ competing with co-workers, neighbors, and friends, trying to prove that we are more successful or more important? We spend our time and _____31_____ chasing after them and we miss out on our own _____32_____ to our future. The problem of unhealthy competition is that it's a never-ending _____33_____ because there will _____34_____ be somebody ahead of you, someone with a better job, more money and more education, etc. Therefore, just take what life has given you, your height, weight and personality. Stay focused and live a healthy life. There's no _____35_____ in life. Run your own race and wish others well. 21. A. follow B. grasp C. remind D. catch 22. A. before B. after C. unless D. when 23. A. way B. block C. step D. time 24. A. protected B. supported C. pushed D. comforted 25. A. thought B. remembered C. dreamt D. hoped 26. A. Fortunately B. Finally C. Surprisingly D. Apparently 27. A. racing B. exercising C. celebrating D. cycling 28. A. believed B. expected C. realized D. understood 29. A. escaped B. missed C. made D. lost 30. A. worry about B. care for C. depend on D. focus on 31. A. tears B. money C. energy D. pain 32. A. paths B. entrances C. plans D. barriers 33. A. movement B. event C. cycle D. routine 34. A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always 35. A. mistake B. competition C. pressure D. challenge 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者因为太专注于赶上前面骑车的那个人而错过转弯的路口这件事，联想到生活中的不良竞争，认识到生活中没有竞争，我们要走自己的路，并且祝福在我们前面的人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出他骑得比我慢，于是决定追上他。A. follow追随；B. grasp抓住；C. remind提醒；D. catch赶上。虽然那个人在我前面，但是我看得出他骑得比我慢，于是我决定赶上他。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在拐弯之前，我还有大约一公里的路要走。A. before在…之前；B. after在…之后；C. unless除非；D. when当。上文说那个人在我前面四分之一公里处，我决定赶上他，此处是说我还要骑一公里才转弯，所以是在转弯之前还有一公里。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始骑得越来越快，每隔一个街区我就能追上他一点点。A. way方法；B. block街区；C. step步骤; D. time时间。根据下文的six blocks可知，此处是说每过一个街区，我就会比他快一点。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我离他只有100码了，所以我真的加快了速度，奋力向前。A. protected保护；B. supported支持；C. pushed推动；D. comforted使舒适。我离他很近了，所以加快速度，让自己再加把劲。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会以为我在参加伦敦奥运会铁人三项比赛的最后一部分骑自行车。A. thought认为；B. remembered记得；C. dreamt梦想；D. hoped希望。不知道的人还以为我在伦敦奥运会铁人三项比赛中骑自行车，旨在表明我骑得很快。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我赶上了他，从他身边经过。A. Fortunately幸运地是；B. Finally在最后；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Apparently明显地。经过一段时间的拼命追赶，我终于赶上了他。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我赢了他，但他甚至不知道我们在比赛。A. racing竞赛；B. exercising锻炼；C. celebrating庆祝；D. cycling循环。上文说我的拼命程度不亚于奥运会铁人三项，而他甚至都不知道我把这当成了一场比赛。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他比赛了，以至于错过了我的转弯。A. believed相信；B. expected期望；C. realized意识到；D. understood理解。根据空后的that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had _______ my turn.可知，我意识到我太专注于与他竞争，以至于错过了我转弯的路口。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我太专注于和他比赛了，以至于错过了我的转弯。A. escaped逃跑；B. miss错过；C. made制造；D. lost失去。上文说我还要骑行一公里才转弯，但我因为太专注而错过了路口。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在生活中，当我们专注于与同事、邻居和朋友竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要时，这不正是发生在我们身上的事情吗? A. worry about担心；B. care for关心；C. depend on依靠；D. focus on集中。此处联想到生活中我们有时候也专注于竞争。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花时间和精力去追求他们，却错过了通往未来的道路。A. tears眼泪；B. money钱；C. energy能量；D. pain痛苦。根据空前“we spend our time”可知，我们花时间和精力去追赶他们。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花时间和精力去追求他们，却错过了通往未来的道路。A. paths道路；B. entrances出口；C. plans计划；D. barriers障碍。上文说我因为太专注与别人竞争而错过了转弯的路口，此处是说我们会因此错过通往未来的路。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不健康竞争的问题在于它是一个永无止境的循环，因为总有人在你前面。A. movement移动；B. event事件；C. cycle循环；D. routine路线。根据空前的never-ending，可知不良竞争是一个永无止境的循环。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不健康竞争的问题在于它是一个永无止境的循环，因为总有人在你前面。A. never从不；B. often经常；C. sometimes有时候；D. always总是。根据常识可知，不良竞争是一个永无止境的循环，是因为总是会有人在你前面。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中没有竞争。A. mistake错误；B. competition竞赛；C. pressure压力；D. challenge挑战。本文的主题就是竞争，此处紧扣主题，所以是生活中没有竞争。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Jeff Kinney’s book Diary Of A Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul, Greg Heffley’s mother suggests a family road trip. Family road trips are ____36____ (normal) full of fun, right? But this family is not a normal one. The family is full of good hopes when the trip starts, ____37____ things don’t go as they wish. They spend their first night at a terrible hotel ____38____ (sleep) on the floor. The days go on with more bad luck. They spend a sunny day at a water park but their car keys and wallets ____39____ (lose) there. The trip continues and several more ____40____ (accident) happen. Along the way, however, the family finds time to enjoy ____41____ (they). ____42____ (regard) as one of the greatest writers in the world, Kinney is doing really well in telling stories about people ____43____ may appear in our real life. We may find that some of the Heffley family life is the same as some part of our own family. I strongly recommend this book to young readers. It’s really interesting and ____44____ (include) family fun and lots of humor. I found myself always ____45____(laugh) while reading it. 【答案】36. normally 37. but 38. sleeping 39. are lost 40. accidents 41. themselves 42. Regarded 43. who 44. includes 45. laughing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评，主要介绍了杰夫·金尼（Jeff Kinney）所著的《小屁孩日记：漫长的旅程》这本书。书中讲述了格雷格·赫夫利一家的公路旅行经历，虽充满波折但也有欢乐。作者高度推荐这本书，认为它有趣，兼具家庭乐趣与幽默。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：家庭公路旅行通常充满乐趣，对吧？此处修饰形容词短语“full of fun”，应用副词normally，意为“通常，正常地”。故填normally。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：旅行开始时，一家人满怀美好的期望，但事情并没有如他们所愿发展。前文表明旅行开始时家庭充满希望，后文指出事情未按期望发展，前后形成转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在一家糟糕的酒店度过了第一个晚上，睡在地板上。本句已有谓语动词“spend”，“sleep”需用非谓语形式，“sleep”与主语“they”是主动关系，所以用现在分词sleeping作伴随状语，表示与“spend their first night”同时发生的动作。故填sleeping。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：他们在水上公园度过了阳光明媚的一天，但他们的车钥匙和钱包在那里丢了。主语“their car keys and wallets”与动词“lose”之间是被动关系，即“车钥匙和钱包被弄丢”，且描述的是旅行过程中的事情，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语为复数，所以用are lost。故填are lost。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：旅程继续，又发生了几起事故。“accident”是可数名词，“several more”表示“还有几个”，其后接可数名词复数形式，所以用accidents。故填accidents。 【41题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：然而，一路上，这家人也找到时间享受生活。enjoy oneself为固定短语，意为“玩得开心，享受自己的时光”，这里指“the family”，所以用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：金尼被认为是世界上最伟大的作家之一，他非常擅长讲述那些可能出现在我们现实生活中的人物的故事。分析句子结构可知，“Kinney”与“regard as”之间是被动关系，即“金尼被认为……”，所以用过去分词Regarded作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Regarded。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：金尼被认为是世界上最伟大的作家之一，他非常擅长讲述那些可能出现在我们现实生活中的人物的故事。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词是“people”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who。故填who。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这本书真的很有趣，包含家庭乐趣和大量幽默元素。and连接两个并列谓语，根据“is”可知，这里用一般现在时，主语“It”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用includes。故填includes。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现自己在阅读时总是笑个不停。find sb. doing sth.为固定结构，意为“发现某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，这里指在阅读过程中发现自己一直在笑，所以用laughing。故填laughing。 第四部分 写作（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 暑假将至，你校决定在高一学生中举行一次英语演讲比赛。请你就“如何度过一个有意义的暑假”写一篇演讲稿。主要内容是你的暑假打算：如做兼职、从事志愿者活动、参观上海迪士尼（Shanghai Disneyland）等。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Boys and girls, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Words fail to express my excitement when I stand here to make a speech about how to spend a meaningful summer vacation. It is important for me to finish three plans. To begin with, I will do a part-time job selling milk tea nearby my house, which will last three weeks. The money that I earn can be spent on a birthday gift which I will send to my mother. Moreover, after finishing the part-time job, I determine to be a volunteer in the old people’s home in my community, where I can accompany the old so that they may not feel lonely. Last but not least, it is Shanghai Disneyland that I will pay a visit to with my family in the middle of August. This is my plan for the summer vacation. Thanks for you listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇题为“如何度过一个有意义的暑假”的演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 发表演讲：make a speech→deliver a speech 此外：moreover→in addition 决心做某事：determine to do sth.→be determined to do sth. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It is important for me to finish three plans. 拓展句：It is important that I should finish three plans. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Words fail to express my excitement when I stand here to make a speech about how to spend a meaningful summer vacation.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】To begin with, I will do a part-time job selling milk tea nearby my house, which will last three weeks.（运用了现在分词结构作后置定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型3】Moreover, after finishing the part-time job, I determine to be a volunteer in the old people’s home in my community, where I can accompany the old so that they may not feel lonely.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句以及so that引导的目的状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为80左右。 Once when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus (马戏团) . Finally, there was only one family between us and the ticket counter (柜台). This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children, all probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn’t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all of them standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents, holding hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns. elephants, and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice. One could sense they had never been to the circus before. It promised to be highlight of their young lives. The father and mother were at the head of the pack, standing proud as could be. The mother was holding her husband’s hand, looking up at him as if to say, “You are my knight (骑士) in shining armor (盔甲).” He was smiling and responding in pride, looking back at her as if to say, “You got that right” . The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded, “Please let me buy eight child tickets and two adult tickets so I can take my family to the circus.” The ticket lady gave the price. The man’s wife let go of his hand, her head dropped, and his lips began to shake. The father leaned (倾斜) a little closer and asked. “How much do you say?” The ticket lady again quoted (报价) the price. The man didn’t have enough money. How was he supposed to turn around and tell his eight children that he didn’t have enough money to take them to the circus? Actually we were not wealthy in any sense. So I understand how the kids would feel. I felt sorry for them. 注意：续写词数应为80左右。 Seeing what was going on, my dad put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without any tickets. 【答案】Seeing what was going on , my dad put his hand in his rocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground. Then he picked it up and tapped the man on the shoulder and said, “Excuse me, sir, this fell out of your pocket.” The man turned around and saw the money. He knew what was going on, he looked straight in my dad’s eyes, took my dad’s hand in both of his, and squeezed tightly onto the $20 bill. With his lip shaking and tears running down his check, he replied “Thank you, thank you, sir. This really means a lot to me and my family.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，文章讲述了一个父亲和八个孩子想要去马戏团看表演，但由于经济原因无法支付门票的故事。文章中描述了孩子们的兴奋和期待，以及父亲尽力满足孩子们愿望的决心。然而，最终他们发现他们没有足够的钱购买门票。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由首句内容“看到发生了什么，我爸爸把手伸进口袋，掏出一张20美元的钞票，扔在了地上”可知，本段可描写父亲将钱扔到地上，又捡起来递给八个孩子的父亲。他转过身，明白了一切，连声表示感谢。 2.续写线索：捡起了钱——递给八个孩子的父亲——明白了一切——握住我父亲的手——连声表示感谢。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看见：see/spot/catch sight of ②说：say/declare ③回答：reply/answer 情绪类 ①明白了：know/come to realize ②谢谢你：Thank you/I appreciate your help 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He knew what was going on.（使用了连接代词what连接的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. With his lip shaking and tears running down his check, he replied “Thank you, thank you, sir. This really means a lot to me and my family.”（使用了with的复合结构作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$