Unit 4 Meeting the muse 语法Grammar 非谓语动词做表语-2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 4 Meeting the muse 非谓语动词做表语 一、语法填空 1．The purpose of a celebration is (contain) laughter, love, and memories that lasts long after the celebration ends. 2．As a young Chinese man, my duty is (introduce) Chinese culture to the world. 3．My wish is (admit) into an ideal university after three years. 4．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 5．My wish is (find) a part-time job this summer. 6．Everyone believes he’s (blame) for the accident but they don’t know the other side of the coin. 7．His wish is (inspire) more and more students to express ideas through art. 8．To do this is (cut) the foot to fit the shoe. 9．The purpose of holding the activity is (build) cultural bridges across different countries. 10．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is (look) at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 11．My ambition is (help) more young people to be employed nowadays. 12．The original intention is (devote) three months to the project. 13．The purpose of the HUNCH program is not to (sharp) students’ communication skills. 14．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is (stress) the importance of doing exercise. 15．Buying a car is simply (waste) money. 16．He remained (stand) beside the door. 17． (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties. 18．What he prefers to do in the morning is (run). 19．The only thing that interests him is (dance). 20．My hobby is (collect) stamps from different countries. 21．Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 22．The real problem is (understand) how the system works. 23．I know that her hobby is (make) short cooking videos for the traditional holiday. 24．John's bad habit is (read) without thorough understanding. 25．Seeing is (believe). 26．The important thing now is (save) lives. 27．The real problem is (get) to know the needs of the customers. 28．One of the good exercises is (swim)． 29．What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly (work). 30．But in this experiment what they’re doing is (pay) more attention to the big number than the little one. 31．The most popular pastime is   (play) chess． 32．Enough sleep is (connect) with general health conditions. 33．During lectures, students are encouraged to stay （concentrate）on the material being presented to fully grasp the concepts being taught. 34．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. 35．I feel highly （honour） to be invited to give a lecture about advanced literature. 36．Mr. Brown got up at six, got (dress) and went out to run along the river. 37．After hours of negotiation, the terms of the contract seemed finally (settle), and both parties were ready to sign. 38．The televisions are rented rather than (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. 39．The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got (destroy). 40．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 41．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 42．You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting (leave) far behind. 43．Although about eight decades has passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor, one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never be (forget). 44．The coins mostly lay (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. 45．His face was (light) up with pleasure. 46．The car got (stick) in the mud due to the heavy rain. 47．We don’t want any of you to get (lose) in the crowd. 48．Some endangered wild animals got (trap) in the mine last Tuesday. 49． (locate) at the city centre of Nanjing was a statue of Sun Zhongshan. 50．My efforts finally paid off and my academic scores got (improve). 二、完成句子 51．我的工作就是照顾这些孩子，直到他们被好的家庭收养。（不定式作表语） My job until they can be adopted into a good home. 52．这部旨在探索中国传统文化精髓的纪录片已经获得了好几个奖项。 The documentary, whose aim is the essence of traditional Chinese culture, has won several awards. 53．The first thing that I want to do is . 我想做的第一件事就是飞奔回家告诉我父母这个好消息。 54．My hobby is some books. 我的爱好是阅读一些让人轻松的书籍。 55．You must keep it in mind that your work is . 你必须牢记你的工作就是为人民服务。 56．His habit is . 他的习惯是晚饭后遛狗。 57．Lily’s job is in the kindergarten. 莉莉的工作是在幼儿园照顾五岁以下的孩子。 58．简感到被冷落, 孤独使她感到绝望。 , Jane got desperate with loneliness. (非谓语动词作状语) 59．You don’t have to get for this party to celebrate the carnival. 你不必为了庆祝狂欢节而盛装出席这个派对。 60．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are the Internet often become inactive in real life. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Meeting the muse 非谓语动词做表语 一、语法填空 1．The purpose of a celebration is (contain) laughter, love, and memories that lasts long after the celebration ends. 【答案】to contain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：庆祝活动的目的是包含欢笑、爱以及在庆祝活动结束后仍能长久留存的回忆。此处为非谓语动词作表语，说明主语“The purpose”的具体内容，即“……的目的是做某事”，表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用动词不定式形式to contain。故填to contain。 2．As a young Chinese man, my duty is (introduce) Chinese culture to the world. 【答案】to introduce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名年轻的中国人，我的职责就是向世界传播中国文化。根据主语my duty和be动词is可知，空格处应该用不定式to introduce作表语，说明主语的内容。故填to introduce。 3．My wish is (admit) into an ideal university after three years. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的愿望是三年后被一所理想大学录取。结合“after three years”可知表示将来的动作，用动词不定式作表语，句中主语是my wish，be动词为is，动词admit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，所以需要使用不定式的被动式作表语。故填to be admitted。 4．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是成为下届奥运会国家队的一员。本空位于is后，作表语，表示一个明确的目标，用become“成为”的不定式。故填to become。 5．My wish is (find) a part-time job this summer. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望在今年夏天找到一份兼职工作。根据空前My wish is和空后a part-time job可知，空处需用不定式形式to find，作表语，表示主语的目标、意图。故填to find。 6．Everyone believes he’s (blame) for the accident but they don’t know the other side of the coin. 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大家都认为他对这次事故负有责任，但他们不知道事情的另一面。be to blame是固定短语，意为“应承担责任；该受责备”。故填to blame。 7．His wish is (inspire) more and more students to express ideas through art. 【答案】to inspire 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他的愿望是激励越来越多的学生通过艺术表达想法。空处用不定式作表语，来说明主语的内容。故填to inspire。 8．To do this is (cut) the foot to fit the shoe. 【答案】to cut 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这样做就是切脚以适应鞋子。空处作句子表语，并应与主语的动词不定式To do保持一致，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to cut。 9．The purpose of holding the activity is (build) cultural bridges across different countries. 【答案】to build 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：举办此次活动的目的是在不同国家之间建立文化桥梁。分析句子可知，设空处用作句子的表语，补充说明主语purpose的内容，且表示将要做的事情，应使用不定式。故填to build。 10．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is (look) at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 【答案】to look 【详解】考查不定式。句意：也许理解西方艺术最好的方法是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。设空处接在be动词后作表语，说明主语的内容，应用不定式，故填to look。 11．My ambition is (help) more young people to be employed nowadays. 【答案】to help 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我的志向是帮助更多的年轻人在当今找到工作。空处应用动词不定式在句中作表语，表示主语的内容。故填to help。 12．The original intention is (devote) three months to the project. 【答案】to devote 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最初的意图是花三个月的时间来完成这个项目。空处缺少表语，根据intention可知，表示将要做的事情，用不定式作表语。故填to devote。 13．The purpose of the HUNCH program is not to (sharp) students’ communication skills. 【答案】sharpen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：HUNCH项目的目的不是为了提高学生的沟通技巧。to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形，sharp的动词是sharpen，意为“提高”，故填sharpen。 14．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is (stress) the importance of doing exercise. 【答案】to stress 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作者写这篇文章的目的是强调锻炼的重要性。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作表语，表示将来的动作。故填to stress。 15．Buying a car is simply (waste) money. 【答案】wasting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：买辆车简直就是在浪费钱。句子已有谓语is，空处需填非谓语动词作表语，且主语Buying a car为动名词短语，表语也应用动名词形式与其对应，强调习惯性、抽象的动作。故填wasting。 16．He remained (stand) beside the door. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他仍然站在桌子旁边。根据固定搭配remain doing“保持；依然”，可知，此处用现在分词作表语，故填standing。 17． (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties. 【答案】Sitting 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：坐在扶手椅上的是一位八十多岁的老人。分析句子的结构可知，此处是倒装句，结构为“现在分词短语+be+主语”。故填Sitting。 18．What he prefers to do in the morning is (run). 【答案】running 【详解】考查动名词作表语。句意：他早上喜欢做的事情是跑步。空处在句中作表语，表示一般性的活动，应用动名词running。故填running。 19．The only thing that interests him is (dance). 【答案】dancing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他唯一感兴趣的就是跳舞。此处表示一般性的抽象的动作，应用动名词dancing作表语，故填dancing。 20．My hobby is (collect) stamps from different countries. 【答案】collecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的爱好是收集来自不同国家的邮票。根据空格前系动词is可知，后面应是表语，不定式作表语强调的是具体的、将要发生的、一次性的动作；动名词作表语强调的是抽象的、经常发生的、一般性的动作。 现在分词说明主语的特征，过去分词说明主语的状态。动名词可以作表语，表示经常性的动作，根据句意，此处表示经常性的动作，用动名词作表语。故填collecting。 21．Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 【答案】keeping/to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是尽量使演讲厅保持干净。设空处在句中作表语，可用动名词或动词不定式，解释说明主语的具体内容。故填keeping/to keep。 22．The real problem is (understand) how the system works. 【答案】understanding/to understand 【详解】考查动名词/不定式。句意：真正的问题是明白该系统是如何运转的。空处应填非谓语动词作表语，表示一般性的、泛指的行为，用所给词的动名词形式，也可用不定式作表语，表示一次性的或者将来的动作，故填understanding/to understand。 23．I know that her hobby is (make) short cooking videos for the traditional holiday. 【答案】making 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我知道每到这个传统节日，她就喜欢拍摄一些烹饪短视频。此处应填写动名词形式，充当句子表语，一般表示习惯性的行为动作。故填making。 24．John's bad habit is (read) without thorough understanding. 【答案】reading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰的坏习惯是在没有彻底理解的情况下就读书。此处动名词作表语，故填reading。 25．Seeing is (believe). 【答案】believing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：眼见为实。根据主语seeing可知，此处填入动名词believing来做句子的表语。故填believing。 26．The important thing now is (save) lives. 【答案】saving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：现在重要的事情是挽救生命。在be动词is后应是表语；根据句意，此处save应用动名词形式，在句中作表语。故填saving。 27．The real problem is (get) to know the needs of the customers. 【答案】getting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：真正的问题是了解客户的需求。分析句子可知，该空在句中作表语成分，应用动名词形式，get的动名词形式为getting。故填getting。 28．One of the good exercises is (swim)． 【答案】swimming 【详解】考查动名词。句意：一个很好的锻炼方式就是游泳。在be动词is后应是表语；根据句意，此处swim应用动名词形式，在句中作表语。故填swimming。 29．What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly (work). 【答案】working 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们对你的期望是在努力去工作，而不是很少去工作。分析句子可知，设空处为be动词后作表语，应用动名词形式，rather than连接working hard 和 hardly working两个相反的概念。故填working。 30．But in this experiment what they’re doing is (pay) more attention to the big number than the little one. 【答案】paying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是在这个实验中，他们更关注大的数而不是小的数。此空用动名词作表语来解释主语what they’re doing“他们正在做”的内容，故填paying。 31．The most popular pastime is   (play) chess． 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最受欢迎的消活动是下棋。空处作表语，应使用动名词形式，故填playing。 32．Enough sleep is (connect) with general health conditions. 【答案】connected 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：充足的睡眠与总体健康状况相关。be connected with 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 有关；与…… 相联系” ，故填connected。 33．During lectures, students are encouraged to stay （concentrate）on the material being presented to fully grasp the concepts being taught. 【答案】concentrated 【解析】略 34．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受了重伤，不得不退出足球比赛。此处为“get + 过去分词”结构，表示被动和结果，get injured意为“受伤”，injured在此为形容词化的过去分词，作表语。故填injured。 35．I feel highly （honour） to be invited to give a lecture about advanced literature. 【答案】honoured 【解析】略 36．Mr. Brown got up at six, got (dress) and went out to run along the river. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：布朗先生六点起床，穿上衣服，然后出去沿着河边跑步。固定搭配get dressed“穿上衣服”，过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态。故填 dressed。 37．After hours of negotiation, the terms of the contract seemed finally (settle), and both parties were ready to sign. 【答案】settled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过数小时的谈判，合同条款似乎最终确定下来，双方都准备签字。seem为系动词，过去分词 settled作表语，说明 the terms of the contract（合同条款）的状态，即已确定的状态。故填settled。 38．The televisions are rented rather than (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. 【答案】bought 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：电视是租来的，而不是买来的，这样它们就可以随时被更新型的电视所替换。rather than表示“而不是”，连接两个并列的成分，由于rented是过去分词形式，表示“租来的”，空处和rented并列，应填过去分词形式bought，表示“买来的”。故填bought。 39．The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got (destroy). 【答案】destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大火持续了四个小时，沿街的所有建筑物都被烧毁了。此处destroy与buildings构成被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。故填destroyed。 40．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 【答案】honoured 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我非常荣幸能就健康饮食发表演讲。feel honoured to do sth.意为“对做某事感到荣幸”，honoured为过去分词，作表语。故填honoured。 41．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小男孩非常害怕，以至于他一直紧紧抓着父亲的手。句中用形容词作表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词。故答案是frightened。 42．You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting (leave) far behind. 【答案】left 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能会因为与你的朋友们成长速度不同、在身高上突飞猛进或者被远远甩在后面而感到焦虑。leave behind和主语You之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式作表语，故填left。 43．Although about eight decades has passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor, one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never be (forget). 【答案】forgotten 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：尽管大约八十年过去了，珍珠港袭击事件——美国历史上最黑暗的篇章之一——将永远不会被遗忘。根据句意可知，此处需要用动词的过去分词形式表被动，作表语，表示“被遗忘”。故填forgotten。 44．The coins mostly lay (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. 【答案】buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些硬币大多埋在离海岸不远的沙子和海草里。句中lie是系动词，需后接形容词作表语，bury和逻辑主语coins之间是被动关系，用-ed形式修饰。故填buried。 45．His face was (light) up with pleasure. 【答案】lit 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他喜出望外。固定短语“be lit up (with...)”意为“ (指人的脸等)放光彩，容光焕发”，lit是light的过去分词，故填lit。 46．The car got (stick) in the mud due to the heavy rain. 【答案】stuck 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大雨，汽车陷在泥里了。the car和stick为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式stuck，作表语。故填stuck。 47．We don’t want any of you to get (lose) in the crowd. 【答案】lost 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不希望你们中有人在人群中迷路。lose意为“迷路”，you和lose为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式lost，作表语。故填lost。 48．Some endangered wild animals got (trap) in the mine last Tuesday. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周二，一些濒危野生动物被困在矿井里。动词trap表示“困住”，结合句意可知，主语Some endangered wild animals与trap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作表语。故填trapped。 49． (locate) at the city centre of Nanjing was a statue of Sun Zhongshan. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：坐落在南京市中心的是一座孙中山雕像。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。be located in/at…是固定短语，意为“坐落在……”。此处是完全倒装句，located at the city centre of Nanjing在句中作表语。故填Located。 50．My efforts finally paid off and my academic scores got (improve). 【答案】improved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的努力终于得到了回报，我的学习成绩得到了提高。此处improve与scores为被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。故填improved。 二、完成句子 51．我的工作就是照顾这些孩子，直到他们被好的家庭收养。（不定式作表语） My job until they can be adopted into a good home. 【答案】is to take care of these children 【详解】考查不定式和短语。表示“照顾”短语为take care of，说明主语job的内容用不定式作表语；表示“这些孩子”为these children，故填is to take care of these children。 52．这部旨在探索中国传统文化精髓的纪录片已经获得了好几个奖项。 The documentary, whose aim is the essence of traditional Chinese culture, has won several awards. 【答案】 to explore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中用不定式作表语，用来具体说明aim的内容。故填to explore。 53．The first thing that I want to do is . 我想做的第一件事就是飞奔回家告诉我父母这个好消息。 【答案】to rush home and tell my parents the good news 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“飞奔回家”用动词短语rush home；表示“告诉我父母这个好消息”用tell my parents the good news，此处构成并列关系，故使用连词and进行连接。同时句中is为谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构表示将要发生的动作，作表语。故填to rush home and tell my parents the good news。 54．My hobby is some books. 我的爱好是阅读一些让人轻松的书籍。 【答案】 reading relaxing 【详解】考查动名词和形容词。第一空表示“阅读”，使用动词read，使用动名词作表语，说明主语的内容；第二空表示“让人轻松的”，使用形容词relaxing，作定语修饰名词books。故填①reading②relaxing。 55．You must keep it in mind that your work is . 你必须牢记你的工作就是为人民服务。 【答案】serving the people 【详解】考查动词短语。此处表示“为人民服务”，使用动词短语serve the people，作表语，应用动名词，说明主语的含义及内容。故填serving the people。 56．His habit is . 他的习惯是晚饭后遛狗。 【答案】walking the dog after supper 【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“晚饭后遛狗”，作表语，“遛狗”可用动词短语walk the dog，“晚饭后”可用介词短语after supper，且“晚饭后遛狗”的行为经常发生，因此walk应用动名词形式。故填walking the dog after supper。 57．Lily’s job is in the kindergarten. 莉莉的工作是在幼儿园照顾五岁以下的孩子。 【答案】looking after the children under five years old 【详解】考查动词短语、名词、介词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“照顾五岁以下的孩子”，作表语，“照顾”可用动词短语look after，“孩子”可用名词the children，“五岁以下的”为修饰children的定语，可用介词短语under five years old，且表语描述的是一般的、通常的行为，因此look应用动名词形式。故填looking after the children under five years old。 58．简感到被冷落, 孤独使她感到绝望。 , Jane got desperate with loneliness. (非谓语动词作状语) 【答案】Feeling left out 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。“感到”是feel，和逻辑主语Jean是主动关系，用现在分词形式feeling，作原因状语，位于句首首字母大写。“冷落”是leave out，和逻辑主语Jean是被动关系，用过去分词作表语，故答案为：Feeling left out。 59．You don’t have to get for this party to celebrate the carnival. 你不必为了庆祝狂欢节而盛装出席这个派对。 【答案】dressed up 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“打扮，盛装”，应用动词短语dress up，get done为固定短语，使用过去分词作表语。故填dressed up。 60．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are the Internet often become inactive in real life. 【答案】 addicted to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示“沉迷于”可知，句中涉及固定短语“be addicted to…”，意为“沉迷于……”，故空格处应填“addicted to”。故填addicted to。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$