Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger 语法Grammar 动词ing和动词不定式做主语-2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger 动词ing和动词不定式做主语 一、语法填空 1．I don’t think it is convenient for him (meet) her at the station. 【答案】to meet 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为他在车站见她不方便。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词不定式作真正的主语，构成“it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it为形式主语。故填to meet。 2．It is very wise of him (read) this novel. 【答案】to read 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他读这本小说是非常明智的。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故设空处应填to read。故填to read。 3．It’s my honour (share) with you my views on this phenomenon today. 【答案】to share 【详解】考查不定式。句意：今天能和你分享我对这个现象的看法是我的荣幸。It’s one’s honour to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是某人的荣幸”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 to do sth.，所以此处填 to share。故填to share。 4．It’s an honour (select)to this band. 【答案】to be selected 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定结构。句意：被选入这个乐队是一种荣誉。分析句子结构，考查的是固定句式 It is an honour to do sth.，该句中it为形式主语，该空动词select应该使用动词不定式形式作真正的主语；select为及物动词，在句意“被选入这个乐队是一种荣誉”中，隐含的逻辑主语（即“感到荣幸的人”）是select 这个动作的承受者（“某人被挑选”入乐队）。因此，动词不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。因此，此处应使用动词不定式的被动形式(to be + 过去分词)作真正主语。故填to be selected。 5．Single-use plastic are used at most a few times before they are thrown away. It takes them hundreds of years (break) down. 【答案】to break 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一次性塑料最多使用几次就会被扔掉。它们需要数百年才能分解。it takes sb./sth. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“花费某人/某物多久做某事”，空处应用break的不定式形式，作真正的主语，It为形式主语。故填to break。 6．At that moment Kelman realized it was no longer his job (protect) his friend. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在那一刻，凯尔曼意识到保护他的朋友不再是他的工作了。分析句子结构可知，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的内容，“it is/was one’s job to do sth.”是常用句型，意为“做某事是某人的工作”，用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to protect。 7．It is abnormal for Mr.Lee (donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man. 【答案】to donate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李先生给贫困儿童捐钱是反常的，因为他是个自私的人。根据固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”可知，此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to donate 8．It is my turn (clean) the classroom this week. 【答案】to clean 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这周轮到我打扫教室了。根据固定句型“It is one’s turn to do sth.”表示“轮到某人做某事”，其中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。因此，此处应为动词不定式形式to clean。故填to clean。 9．For this person who has committed a serious mistake, it is such a great relief (forgive) by others. 【答案】to be forgiven 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于这个犯了严重错误的人来说，被别人原谅是一种极大的解脱。“it is + n. + to do sth.”的固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，且forgive(原谅)与其逻辑主语this person之间是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动形式to be forgiven作主语。故填to be forgiven。 10．It is necessary what you have learnt during the day timely.( revise) 【答案】to revise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：及时复习你白天所学的内容是有必要的。句中it is+形容词+to do sth为固定短语，it为形式主语，不定式结构为真正的主语。故填to revise。 11．It was impossible for the little boy (carry) such a heavy box. 【答案】to carry 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小男孩搬这么重的箱子是不可能的。此处为固定句型“It+be+adj+for somebody to do”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to carry。 12．It’s important (keep) in mind that art is subjective, and not everyone will like your work. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：重要的是要记住，艺术是主观的，并不是每个人都喜欢你的作品。It’s + adj. + to do sth.做某事……的，不定式在句中作主语。根据句意，故填to keep。 13． (create) a sculpture from a single block of marble takes patience and skill. 【答案】To create 【详解】考查不定式。句意：用一块大理石雕刻出一座雕塑需要耐心和技巧。空格处用不定式作主语，表示具体的一次性动作，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To create。 14． (sell) a masterpiece at auction requires finding the right buyer. 【答案】To sell 【详解】考查不定式。句意：在拍卖会上出售名作需要找到合适的买家。空格处用不定式作主语，表示一次性的、具体的动作，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To sell。 15．It is inspiring ( see) how art can transform public spaces. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到艺术如何改变公共空间是令人鼓舞的。此处为固定句型：it is/was+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it为形式主语后接不定式作真正的主语，故填to see。 16． ( appreciate) art is to open one’s mind to different cultures and perspectives. 【答案】To appreciate 【详解】考查不定式。句意：欣赏艺术就是敞开心扉，接受不同的文化和观点。由作表语的不定式to open可知，空格处用不定式作主语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To appreciate。 17．It is convenient for individuals (express) opinions and share experiences on various social networks. 【答案】to express 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在各种社交网络上表达意见和分享经验对个人来说是方便的。分析句子可知，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，express是动词意为“表达”。故填to express。 18．It is a tradition (pass) down stories from elders to the younger generation, keeping the history alive within the community. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将故事从长辈传给年轻一代是一种传统，使历史在社区内保持活力。it是形式主语，用不定式作主语，故填to pass。 19．It is crucial (preserve) ancient artifacts so that future generations can learn about their history. 【答案】to preserve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保护古代文物是至关重要的，这样子孙后代才能了解它们的历史。此处是固定搭配：it is+形容词+不定式，其中it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to preserve。 20．It was difficult （promote）the products to the supermarkets due to lack of a trademark. 【答案】to promote 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有商标，难以向超市推销产品。本句中不定式短语为真正的主语，It为形式主语。故填to promote。 21．It is worthwhile (work) diligently (勤奋地) when you have your own goal. 【答案】working/to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你有自己的目标时，勤奋工作是值得的。It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.“做……是值得的”，是固定用法。故答案为working/to work。 22．It takes courage (push) forward through challenges, but it’s essential for growth. 【答案】to push 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：克服挑战需要勇气，但这对成长至关重要。It是形式主语，空处使用动词不定式作真正的主语，是固定句型，故填to push。 23．It’s important to learn from past mistakes but also (move) forward without dwelling on them. 【答案】to move 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从过去的错误中吸取教训是很重要的，但也要向前看，不要停留在过去的错误上。It是形式主语，空处和“to learn”并列，使用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to move。 24．It amused me (think) of how lovely the little boy was when I last saw him. 【答案】to think 【详解】考查不定式。句意：想到我上次见到那个小男孩时他是多么可爱，我觉得很有趣。由句意及空前的It amused me可知此处为it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的结构，所以空处应填to think。故填to think。 25． (code) something on your tablet means to give it a code or mark it with a code. 【答案】To code 【详解】考查不定式。句意：在你的平板电脑上编码意味着给它一个代码或用代码标记它。code用不定式形式作主语，表示将要做的具体的动作，首字母大写。故填To code。 26． (form) good bedtime habits will surely do you more good than taking sleeping pills.   【答案】Forming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：养成良好的就寝习惯肯定比吃安眠药对你有更多的好处。空处作主语，且陈述一般性事实，故用动名词形式。故填Forming。 27． (provide) kids with everything they want is not good for their growth. 【答案】Providing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：给孩子提供他们想要的一切并不利于他们的成长。作主语，用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Providing。 28．It is no use (complain) the bad weather, so we had better figure out a good idea to get there on time. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查动名词。句意：抱怨天气不好是没有用的，所以我们最好想个办法准时到达那里。“It is no use doing sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是没有用的”，It作形式主语，动名词短语作真正主语，所以此处应填complain的动名词形式complaining。故填complaining。 29．His (fail) in the exam again made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】failing 【详解】考查非谓语作主语。句意：他考试不及格使他感到羞愧，羞愧地低下了头。此处需要使用非谓语动词作主语，fail与逻辑主语“他”是主动关系，因此需要使用动名词的主动形式和his构成动名词的复合结构。故填failing。 30．It’s no use (complain) without taking action. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抱怨而不采取行动是没有用的。it is no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”为固定句式，it作形式主语，doing作真正的主语。故填complaining。 31． (seek) and accepting constructive feedback (反馈)is crucial to growth. 【答案】Seeking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：寻求并接受建设性反馈对成长至关重要。句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，根据后文的accepting可知，此处使用动名词与其并列作主语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Seeking。 32． (have) a warming­up running before playing basketball is useful. 【答案】Having 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：打篮球前跑步热身是很有用的。空处作主语，表示一般性、习惯性的动作，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写，故填Having。 33．Nowadays, (equip) with knowledge of the computer is an important qualification for most posts. 【答案】being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，具备计算机知识是大多数岗位的一项重要资质。空处和空后的with knowledge of the computer搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，固定短语be equipped with意为“具备……”，且此处介绍的是经常性、习惯性的动作，因此be需用动名词形式。故填being equipped。 34．As you can imagine, (expose) to sunlight for too much time can lead to very serious injuries to your skin. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】being exposed 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：正如你能想象的那样，暴露在阳光下太长时间会给你的皮肤带来严重的伤害。此处意为“暴露于”，表达为be exposed to，此处作主语，故应用动名词，故填being exposed。 35． (explore) new places broadens our horizons. 【答案】Exploring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索新的地方可以开阔我们的视野。作主语应用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Exploring。 36． (write) poetry allows people to express their deepest emotions. 【答案】Writing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：写诗可以让人们表达内心最深处的情感。作句子的主语应用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Writing。 37． (volunteer) is to give time to help others without pay. 【答案】Volunteering 【详解】考查动名词。句意：志愿服务就是无偿地花时间帮助别人。volunteer为动词，表示“志愿服务、自愿做”，在句中作主语，表示一般行为，故应用动名词形式；句首字母大写。故填Volunteering。 38． (lack) confidence resulted in his failure in the job interview yesterday.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Lacking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：缺乏信心导致他昨天面试失败。动名词作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。用于句首，首字母大写。故填Lacking。 39． (play) basketball was his dream. 【答案】Playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：打篮球是他的梦想。空格处作主语，动词作主语时用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Playing。 40．In this way, (practise) day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. 【答案】practising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过这种方式，日复一日的练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的技能。本句谓语为helped，此处为非谓语动词，本空用practise“练习”的动名词形式，作主语。故填practising。 41． (shoot) with great accuracy was another thing he learnt. 【答案】Shooting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：精准的射击是他学到的另一件事。设空处为主语，表示抽象的行为，应用动名词作主语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Shooting。 42． (combine) pleasure with education is a crucial way to improve our teaching efficiency. 【答案】Combining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：娱乐与教育的结合是提高教学效率的重要途径。空格处作主语，表达抽象概念或一般性行为，应该用动名词形式作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Combining。 43．Your (collect) relevant information will be of much help. 【答案】collecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你收集相关信息会有很大帮助。形容词性物主代词Your后面接动名词形式，动名词复合结构在句中作主语。根据句意，故填collecting。 44． (quit) your job now is not a good idea. 【答案】Quitting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：现在辞职不是一个好主意。“_____ (quit) your job now”作主语，用动名词形式quitting，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Quitting。 45．It’s a waste of time (talk) about such useless things. 【答案】talking 【详解】考查动名词。句意：谈论这些无用的事情是浪费时间。It’s a waste of time doing sth.“做……是浪费时间的”。it为形式主语，动名词为真正的主语。故填talking。 46．With the instant replay facilities, (miss) our favorite sporting moments is now a thing of the past. 【答案】missing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：有了即时回放设备，错过我们最喜欢的体育时刻现在是过去的事情。此处为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意，此处表示的是一般性或经常性发生的动作，所以使用动名词形式作主语。故填missing。 47．I warned her that (skip) breakfast was unhealthy, but she wouldn’t listen. 【答案】skipping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我警告过她，不吃早餐是不健康的，但她不听。本空为that引导的宾语从句的主语，用skip“跳过”的动名词，作主语。故填skipping。 48． (wash) the car makes him dirty. 【答案】Washing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洗车把他弄脏了。空处作主语，表示一般性的动作，使用动名词形式，首字母应大写，故填Washing。 49． (exchange) this T-shirt for that one is not wise. 【答案】Exchanging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把这件T恤换成那件是不明智的。此处作主语，应用动名词短语。故填Exchanging。 50．It is no good (set) impractical goals — you will not know whether or not you’ll achieve them. 【答案】setting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：设定不切实际的目标是没有好处的——你不知道你是否会实现它们。‌固定句型It is no good doing sth.意为“做某事没有好处，做某事是没用的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语doing sth.，空处应用set“设定，设立”的动名词形式。故填setting。 二、完成句子 51．在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。 It’s a pity in such fine weather. 【答案】to be kept in the house 【详解】考查非谓语动词。本句使用固定句型it’s a pity to do sth.，表示“遗憾做某事”，其中it为形式主语，使用动词不定式形式作真正的主语；表示“被关在家里”应用be kept in the house，空处用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be kept in the house。 52． no one solution is better than the other. 没有哪一个解决方案比其他的更好, 知道这一点是重要的。 【答案】It’s important to know that 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意，此处表示“知道……是重要的”，且描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，需用固定结构“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”，其中“it”作形式主语，真正主语为不定式短语，表示“重要的”为important作表语，表示“知道”为know，用动词不定式形式作真正主语，其后为宾语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导宾语从句。故填It’s important to know that。 53．It is our duty . 保护我们的地球不受污染是我们的职责。 【答案】to protect our earth from being polluted 【详解】考查不定式和动名词。根据中英文句子的对比可知，空格处应表达“保护我们的地球不受污染”的含义。“保护某物不受……” 常用protect sth from...来表达；“我们的地球”是our earth；“(被)污染”是being polluted，为动名词的被动形式。此处使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填to protect our earth from being polluted。 54．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 【答案】 to sum up 【详解】考查非谓语动词。空处表示“总结”用短语sum up，句中使用句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，其中It为形式主语，空处为真正主语，用不定式结构to sum up。故填①to②sum③up。 55．Whilst reading a biography, to record and track important information, such as dates, places and key events. 在阅读传记时，最好制定一个时间表来记录和跟踪重要信息，如日期、地点和关键事件。 【答案】it’s a good idea to make a timeline 【详解】考查代词和不定式。“最好制定一个时间表”翻译为“it’s a good idea to make a timeline”，it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填it’s a good idea to make a timeline。 56．我们都知道参加体育锻炼有助于增强体力。 We all know that the physical exercise helps build up our strength. 【答案】taking part in 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“参加”应用短语take part in；分析句子成分可知，这是由that引导的宾语从句，helps是从句的谓语动词，从句中缺少主语成分； take part in的动名词形式为taking part in，所以taking part in the physical exercise是动名词短语做主语。故填taking part in。 57．现在最重要的是改掉坏习惯。 your bad habits is what matters now. 【答案】 Getting rid of 【详解】考查动名词作主语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要表达“改掉”的意思，“改掉”可以用动词短语get rid of，空处为句子的主语。陈述一般情况，用动名词作主语。故填①Getting②rid③of。 58． is helpful before you go on an adventure! 在做冒险活动之前学习急救是很有帮助的！ 【答案】Learning first aid 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“学习”learn，“急救”first aid，空处作主语，应用动名词短语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Learning first aid。 59． the habit of smoking is easy, but it is difficult to quit. 染上吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。 【答案】 Getting into 【详解】考查动词短语。“染上……的习惯”用动词短语get into the habit of...，作分句主语，用动名词形式getting into；句首单词首字母大写。故填Getting；into。 60．Firstly, has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 【答案】exploring space 【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词。表示“探索”，用动词explore，作主语，用动名词形式。表示“太空”，用名词space，作exploring的宾语。故填exploring space。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger 动词ing和动词不定式做主语 一、语法填空 1．I don’t think it is convenient for him (meet) her at the station. 2．It is very wise of him (read) this novel. 3．It’s my honour (share) with you my views on this phenomenon today. 4．It’s an honour (select)to this band. 5．Single-use plastic are used at most a few times before they are thrown away. It takes them hundreds of years (break) down. 6．At that moment Kelman realized it was no longer his job (protect) his friend. 7．It is abnormal for Mr.Lee (donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man. 8．It is my turn (clean) the classroom this week. 9．For this person who has committed a serious mistake, it is such a great relief (forgive) by others. 10．It is necessary what you have learnt during the day timely.( revise) 11．It was impossible for the little boy (carry) such a heavy box. 12．It’s important (keep) in mind that art is subjective, and not everyone will like your work. 13． (create) a sculpture from a single block of marble takes patience and skill. 14． (sell) a masterpiece at auction requires finding the right buyer. 15．It is inspiring ( see) how art can transform public spaces. 16． ( appreciate) art is to open one’s mind to different cultures and perspectives. 17．It is convenient for individuals (express) opinions and share experiences on various social networks. 18．It is a tradition (pass) down stories from elders to the younger generation, keeping the history alive within the community. 19．It is crucial (preserve) ancient artifacts so that future generations can learn about their history. 20．It was difficult （promote）the products to the supermarkets due to lack of a trademark. 21．It is worthwhile (work) diligently (勤奋地) when you have your own goal. 22．It takes courage (push) forward through challenges, but it’s essential for growth. 23．It’s important to learn from past mistakes but also (move) forward without dwelling on them. 24．It amused me (think) of how lovely the little boy was when I last saw him. 25． (code) something on your tablet means to give it a code or mark it with a code. 26． (form) good bedtime habits will surely do you more good than taking sleeping pills.   27． (provide) kids with everything they want is not good for their growth. 28．It is no use (complain) the bad weather, so we had better figure out a good idea to get there on time. 29．His (fail) in the exam again made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame. （所给词的适当形式填空） 30．It’s no use (complain) without taking action. 31． (seek) and accepting constructive feedback (反馈)is crucial to growth. 32． (have) a warming­up running before playing basketball is useful. 33．Nowadays, (equip) with knowledge of the computer is an important qualification for most posts. 34．As you can imagine, (expose) to sunlight for too much time can lead to very serious injuries to your skin. （所给词的适当形式填空） 35． (explore) new places broadens our horizons. 36． (write) poetry allows people to express their deepest emotions. 37． (volunteer) is to give time to help others without pay. 38． (lack) confidence resulted in his failure in the job interview yesterday.（所给词的适当形式填空） 39． (play) basketball was his dream. 40．In this way, (practise) day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. 41． (shoot) with great accuracy was another thing he learnt. 42． (combine) pleasure with education is a crucial way to improve our teaching efficiency. 43．Your (collect) relevant information will be of much help. 44． (quit) your job now is not a good idea. 45．It’s a waste of time (talk) about such useless things. 46．With the instant replay facilities, (miss) our favorite sporting moments is now a thing of the past. 47．I warned her that (skip) breakfast was unhealthy, but she wouldn’t listen. 48． (wash) the car makes him dirty. 49． (exchange) this T-shirt for that one is not wise. 50．It is no good (set) impractical goals — you will not know whether or not you’ll achieve them. 二、完成句子 51．在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。 It’s a pity in such fine weather. 52． no one solution is better than the other. 没有哪一个解决方案比其他的更好, 知道这一点是重要的。 53．It is our duty . 保护我们的地球不受污染是我们的职责。 54．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 55．Whilst reading a biography, to record and track important information, such as dates, places and key events. 在阅读传记时，最好制定一个时间表来记录和跟踪重要信息，如日期、地点和关键事件。 56．我们都知道参加体育锻炼有助于增强体力。 We all know that the physical exercise helps build up our strength. 57．现在最重要的是改掉坏习惯。 your bad habits is what matters now. 58． is helpful before you go on an adventure! 在做冒险活动之前学习急救是很有帮助的！ 59． the habit of smoking is easy, but it is difficult to quit. 染上吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。 60．Firstly, has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$