Unit 5 Where are the shirts made of 语法Grammar 一般现在时的被动语态-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册单元语法精讲精练（人教版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Where are the shirts made of ? 一般现在时的被动语态 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一般现在时的被动语态： 描述经常发生、普遍存在或客观事实的动作或状态，且强调该动作的承受者。 构成公式： 主语 (动作承受者) + am/is/are + 过去分词 (V-ed) + (by + 动作执行者) 用法: 1. 强调动作的承受者： 当承受者比执行者更重要或更受关注时。 主动： Millions of people speak English worldwide. (强调执行者 millions of people) 被动： English is spoken worldwide (by millions of people). (强调承受者 English) 2. 不知道或不关心动作执行者是谁： My car is serviced every six months. (我不关心具体是谁服务的，只关心车被保养了) This room is cleaned every day. (谁打扫的不重要，重要的是房间每天被打扫) 3. 动作执行者显而易见或不言而喻： Breakfast is served between 7 and 9 am. (很明显是酒店/餐厅提供的) The mail is delivered in the morning. (很明显是邮递员投递的) 4. 描述普遍真理、科学事实、客观现象或常规流程： Glass is made from sand. (普遍事实) Water is boiled at 100 degrees Celsius. (科学事实) Coffee is grown in Brazil and Colombia. (客观现象) The forms are checked by the manager before approval. (常规流程) 5. 在说明、通知、公告、新闻报道中： Passengers are requested to fasten their seatbelts. (通知) Smoking is not permitted in this building. (公告) The president is elected every four years. (新闻报道/事实) 句型转换 (主动变被动)： 1. 主动句结构： 主语 (执行者) + 动词原形/三单 (V-s/es) + 宾语 (承受者) + 其他 2. 被动句结构： 主语 (承受者) + am/is/are + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 转换步骤： 1. 把主动句的宾语（承受者）变成被动句的主语。 2. 根据新主语（承受者）的人称和单复数，选择 am, is 或 are。 3. 把主动句的动词变成其过去分词 (V3)。 4. 在动词的过去分词后，根据需要加上 by + 主动句的主语（执行者）（如果执行者重要或需要提及）。 5. 保留其他成分（时间、地点、频率状语等）。 例句转换： 主动句 (Active) 被动句 (Passive) 说明 People grow rice in many countries. Rice is grown (by people) in many countries. 宾语 (rice) 变主语；动词 grow -> grown；加 is (单数不可数主语)；by people (常省略) The teacher gives us homework every day. We are given homework (by the teacher) every day. 宾语 (us) 变主语 (we)；动词 give -> given；加 are (复数主语)；by the teacher (可省略) Someone cleans the office every night. The office is cleaned (by someone) every night. 宾语 (the office) 变主语；动词 clean -> cleaned；加 is (单数主语)；by someone (通常省略) Does the company pay you well? Are you paid well (by the company)? 疑问句：助动词 Does 去掉，be动词 (Are) 提前；宾语 (you) 变主语；动词 pay -> paid They don't sell coffee here. Coffee isn't sold (by them) here. / Coffee is not sold here. 否定句：don't 去掉，be动词 (is) 后加 not (isn't/is not)；宾语 (coffee) 变主语；动词 sell -> sold Who writes these reports? Who are these reports written by? / By whom are these reports written? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 who 保留；宾语 (these reports) 变主语；动词 write -> written；加 are (复数主语)；by 短语放句尾或句首（正式用 By whom） 简单记忆口诀： > 现在被动很简单，承受者作主语看。 > am/is/are 是桥梁，过去分词后面站。 > 执行者用 by 引，多数情况可不见。 > 真理流程和状态，被动表达最自然。 1、 单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．Breakfast ________ by my mother because my father goes to work too early. A．cooks B．cooked C．is cooked D．was cooked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：早餐由我妈妈做，因为我爸爸上班太早。 考查被动语态。Breakfast与选项核心动词cook之间为被动关系，需被动语态，根据“goes”可知，空处时态为一般现在时，需填一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be+done，主语为单数，be动词用is，cook的过去分词为cooked。故选C。 2．On Mother’s Day every year, people ________ to show their love for mom. A．encourage B．are encouraged C．encouraged D．were encouraged 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在每年的母亲节，人们都被鼓励向妈妈表达他们的爱。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。encourage一般现在时；are encouraged一般现在时的被动语态；encouraged一般过去时；were encouraged一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语people与谓语动词encourage之间为被动关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 3．With the development of technology, computers ________ in classrooms widely. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，计算机在课堂上广泛使用。 考查被动语态。主语computers和谓语use“使用”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done。根据前半句“With the development of technology”这是一个描述现在的情况的常用表达，说明句子整体表达的是现在的状况。句子应用一般现在时。故选C。 4．Usually, soup ______ at the end of the meal in traditional Chinese dining culture. A．served B．will serve C．was served D．is served 【答案】D 【详解】句意：通常，在中国传统饮食文化中，汤是在一顿饭的末尾上的 。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Usually…in traditional Chinese dining culture”可知，本题表达的是一般事实，需要用一般现在时，主语soup和动词serve之间是被动关系，需要使用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选D。 5．A lot of after-school activities _________ to our school life because of the “double reduction” policy. It makes our life more colorful. A．added B．are adding C．are added D．will be added 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于“双减”政策，许多课外活动被添加到我们的学校生活中。这让我们的生活更加丰富多彩。 考查动词时态和语态。added过去式或过去分词；are adding现在进行时；are added一般现在时的被动语态；will be added一般将来时的被动语态。主语“a lot of after-school activities”和动词add之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；这里说的是“双减”政策下目前的情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态are added。故选C。 6．I’m not sure whether this newspaper ________ once a week. A．publish B．publishes C．has published D．is published 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不确定这份报纸是否每周出版一次。 考查动词时态语态。publish出版，动词原形；publishes出版，第三人称单数形式；has published出版，现在完成时；is published被出版，一般现在时被动语态。主语newspaper和动词publish之间是被动关系，结合“once a week”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。 7．I will go to the show if I ________ tomorrow. A．am invited B．will be invited C．invite D．will invite 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果明天我被邀请，我会去看演出。 考查被动语态。根据“I will go to the show if I... tomorrow.”可知，本句为If引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句通常使用一般现在时来表示将来。从句主语I与谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be+done”，从句主语为I，be动词用am，故选A。 8．—The streets in our city are always clean. —You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．are cleaning D．are cleaned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们城市的街道总是很干净。——你知道它们每天都由勤劳的清洁工打扫。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every day”可知，此处是一般现在时。主语they指代“the streets”，与动词clean之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构，故选D。 9．—But where is your school suit? —Mine ________ behind the door over there. A．are hanging B．is hung C．are hung D．is hanging 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——但是你的校服在哪里呢？——我的校服正挂在那边门的后面。 考查主谓一致和动词语态。根据Mine可知，此处指代“我的校服”，为单数名词，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，且校服与挂之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”，故选B。 10．The students ________ to hand in their reports by Friday. A．ask B．asked C．are asked D．were asking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们被要求在周五前提交他们的报告。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。在句中，“students”是“ask”这个动作的承受者，即学生们是被要求做某事，因此应该使用被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“be+过去分词”。本句时态为一般现在时态，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态“are asked”，描述的是目前学生们所处的一种被要求的状态。故选C。 11．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．is planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些天，成都的二环路上种了许多美丽的花。 考查被动语态。主语flowers和动词plant之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用被动语态be done，主语是复数，be动词用are。故选B。 12．—Who will be the winner of the drawing competition? —Nobody can know the result until it _______ tomorrow morning. A．announces B．will announce C．is announced D．will be announced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁将是这次绘画比赛的获胜者？——直到明天上午宣布结果，才能有人知道它。 考查时态和语态。announce宣布。根据“until”可知，本句含有until引导的时间状语从句，主情从现，此处用一般现在时，主语it与谓语announce之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选C。 13．It is believed that when Fu ________ upside down, happiness arrives. A．put B．is put C．putting D．was put 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们相信当“福”倒着贴，幸福会来到。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。Fu与谓语动词put之间是被动关系，需被动语态，因是陈述事实，需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are+过去分词，主语为Fu，be动词用is，put的过去分词是put。故选B。 14．The detective won’t stop searching for the clues to the murder until the murderer ______. A．has arrested B．will be arrested C．is arrested D．arrests 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直到凶手被逮捕，侦探才会停止寻找谋杀案的线索。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“The detective won’t stop searching for the clues to the murder until the murderer …”可知，句子为until引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，则从句应用一般现在时，排除A和B；主语“the murderer”和动词“arrest”为被动关系，因此这里应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done；主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is，动词arrest的过去分词为arrested，排除D。故选C。 15．A notice ________ on the wall to tell new comers the rules in the library. A．hang B．hangs C．hung D．is hung 【答案】D 【详解】句意：墙上挂着一张告示，告诉新来的人图书馆的规则。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“A notice…on the wall to tell new comers the rules in the library.”可知，此处表示告示被挂到墙上，应用一般现在时的被动语态：be＋动词过去分词，主语“A notice”为单数名词，be动词用is。故选D。 16．He ________ as my role model because he often helps me solve problems. A．regards B．will regard C．is regarded D．will be regarded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他被视为我的榜样，因为他经常帮助我解决问题。 考查时态和语态。be regarded as“被当作”，根据“helps”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是he，be动词用is。故选C。 17．—Excuse me, what’s this? —It’s a robot and it ________ to look after the old. A．uses B．is used C．is using D．use 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——对不起，这是什么？ ——它是一个机器人，它是用来照顾老人的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。use“使用”，动词；根据“it... to look after the old”可知，主语“it”和谓语动词use是被动关系，应用被动语态， be used to do sth.“被用于做某事”。故选B。 18．—Some treasures ______ from the museum from time to time. —The museum should protect them well. A．steal B．stole C．are stolen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——博物馆里时不时有一些珍宝被盗。——博物馆应该好好保护它们。 考查动词语态。steal“偷”，是动词原形；stole是过去式；are stolen是一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Some treasures ... from the museum”可知，主语Some treasures和谓语动词steal之间存在被动关系，意为“一些珍宝被盗”，用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”。故选C。 19．In my country, teenagers ________ to do part-time jobs in their free time. A．are allowed B．allow C．allowed D．allows 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我国，青少年被允许在空闲时间做兼职。 考查被动语态。根据“In my country, teenagers ... to do part-time jobs in their free time.”可知，此处表示为“青少年被允许在空闲时间做兼职”，被动语态结构为be+过去分词。故选A。 20．—Have you finished your report? —I’m afraid I can’t finish the report unless I ________ another three hours. A．have given B．am given C．will be given D．was given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的报告写完了吗？——除非再给我三个小时，否则我恐怕无法完成这份报告。 考查时态及语态。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语“I”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，所以B项符合。故选B。 21．Wait, look at the notice! It says visitors to the museum ________ to check all bags and belongings at the front desk before entering it. A．required B．are required C．were required 【答案】B 【详解】句意：等等，看通知！它说参观博物馆的游客在进入博物馆前需要在前台检查所有的包和物品。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。required需要，为require的过去式或过去分词；are required为一般现在时的被动语态；were required为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“visitors to the museum…to check all bags and belongings”可知，此处指参观博物馆的游客在进入博物馆前需要检查所有的包和物品，主语“visitors”与动词“require”之间是被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be done”，空处应用are required。故选B。 22．It is said this kind of bike ________ out quickly in our city. A．sells B．is sold C．sold D．selling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说这种自行车在我们城市很快就被卖完了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“this kind of bike … out quickly”可知，主语this kind of bike“这种自行车”，与动词sell out“售完”为被动关系，时态应用一般现在时，因此此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成为am/is/are done，主语为单数形式，因此应用is，sell的过去分词形式为sold。故选B。 23．The rule ________ several times every week. You should pay attention to it seriously. A．mention B．is mentioned C．mentioned D．was mentioned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条规定每周被提到几次，你应该认真对待。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语the rule和动词mention是被动关系，所以用被动语态，every week“每周”是一般现在时态的时间状语，主语是可数名词单数，所以一般现在时态的被动语态结构为：is+动词的过去分词。故选B。 24．The celebration of this festival usually _______ in early spring. A．holds B．is held C．held D．has held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个节日的庆祝活动通常在早春举行。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“The celebration of this festival usually ... in early spring.”可知，句子描述的是一种经常发生的状态，时态用一般现在时；谓语动词是hold“举行，召开”，主语The celebration of this festival和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be动词+动词过去分词”。故选B。 25．—Where is my book? —It’s ________ under the chair. A．hiding B．hidden C．hides D．hid 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的书在哪里？——它藏在椅子下面。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。hiding隐藏，为hide的动名词或现在分词形式；hidden为hide的过去分词；hides为hide的第三人称单数形式；hid为hide的过去式。根据“It’s…under the chair.”可知，此处指书藏在椅子下面，主语It指代“my book”，与动词hide之间是被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be done”；空前为It’s，空处应用hidden。故选B。 26．—Have you finished your fashion design? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．will be given B．give C．will give D．am given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你完成你的时装设计了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我将能完成。 考查时态和语态。if 引导的条件状语从句中遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；主语I和动词give之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态am given。故选D。 27．—Mom, can I watch TV for a while? —Of course. You can do what you like as long as your homework ________. A．completes B．will complete C．is completed D．has completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我能看一会儿电视吗？——当然。只要你的作业完成了，你就可以做你喜欢做的事。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。从句主语homework与谓语动词complete之间为被动关系，此句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语your homework为不可数名词，谓语用“is+过去分词”的结构。故选C。 28．Many interesting activities ________ every year on our School Day. A．hold B．will hold C．are held D．were held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年的校庆日都会举办许多有趣的活动。 考查动词时态。根据“every year”可知，本句是一般现在时，主语“Many interesting activities”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态形式am/is/are done。故选C。 29．Many flowers ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. A．send B．are sending C．will send D．are sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每年母亲节都有许多花送给母亲。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Many flowers和谓语send之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选D。 30．A lot of new words ________ every year. For example, “taikonaut” means“ Chinese astronaut.” A．create B．are created C．is created D．were created 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年都有很多新词产生。例如，“taikonaut”的意思是“中国宇航员”。 考查被动语态。结合“every year”可知时态为一般现在时，主语“A lot of new words”是复数和动词create之间是被动关系，应用被动语态：are done，故选B。 二、单词拼写 31．In fact, around 70 million sharks are (catch) and traded in this industry every year. 【答案】caught 【详解】句意：事实上，每年大约有7000万条鲨鱼被捕获和交易。根据“In fact, around 70 million sharks...and traded in this industry every year.”可知，主语和谓语动词之间存在动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，由系动词are可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be+动词过去分词，catch的过去分词是caught。故填caught。 32．We’re going to hold a party this weekend and Liu Ling is to be the hosts.（choose） 【答案】chosen 【详解】句意：我们这个周末打算举办一场派对，刘玲被选为主持人之一。根据句子结构可知，Liu Ling与choose之间形成被动关系，被动语态的结构是“be + done”,choose的过去分词是chosen。故填chosen。 33．The two lovely foxes on the table are (make) of onions. 【答案】made 【详解】句意：桌子上那两只可爱的狐狸是用洋葱制成的。句子主语“The two lovely foxes”与“make”之间是被动关系，即狐狸被制作，所以用被动语态结构“be+过去分词” 。“be made of”表示“由……制成（能看出原材料）”。故填made。 34．We (remind) to turn off the lights when we leave the room. 【答案】are reminded 【详解】句意：我们被提醒在离开房间时关灯。根据“We…to turn off the lights when we leave the room.”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；句子主语“We”和动词“remind”之间是被动关系，即“我们被提醒”，要用被动语态，其结构是“be + 过去分词”；主语We是复数，be动词用are，remind的过去分词是reminded，故填are reminded。 35．The river is badly (pollute). We can hardly see fish in it. 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：这条河被严重污染。我们几乎看不到鱼在里面。结合空前is，此处应使用过去分词形式表示被动，“河水”是“被污染”。故填polluted。 36．I wonder if Sydney is often (mistake) for the capital of Australia. 【答案】mistaken 【详解】句意：我想知道悉尼是否经常被误认为是澳大利亚的首都。be mistaken for“被误认为”，固定搭配。故填mistaken。 37．No experience (require) to be a Helping Hand Club member. Join us! 【答案】is required 【详解】句意：成为援助之手俱乐部会员不需要经验。加入我们吧！主语“No experience”与动词require之间是动宾关系，结合语境可知用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is required。 38．These thin wires are (connect) to cables under the street. 【答案】connected 【详解】句意：这些细电线被连接到街道下的电缆上。分析句子结构可知，主语“These thin wires”与动词connect“连接”是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据空前“are”可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为are done，动词connect的过去分词为connected。故填connected。 39．Most of the earth’s surface is (cover) by the ocean. 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：地球的大部分表面被海洋覆盖。分析句子结构可知，地球的大部分表面被海洋覆盖，应用被动语态结构，动词用过去分词。故填covered。 40．The problems of protecting teenagers are (reflect) in these films. So the films are worth watching. 【答案】reflected 【详解】句意：保护青少年的问题在这些电影中被反映出来。所以这些电影值得一看。reflect“反映”，根据“The problems of protecting teenagers are”可知，保护青少年的问题是被动地反映在电影中，设空处前有are，因此填过去分词形式reflected构成被动语态。故填reflected。 41．Some special seats (offer) outside the supermarket and the old can have a rest there. 【答案】are offered 【详解】句意：超市外面提供了一些特殊的座位，老年人可以在那里休息。此处表示现在所存在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语Some special seats和动词offer“提供”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语Some special seats表示复数，应用be动词are，offer的过去分词是offered。故填are offered。 42．During the Spring Festival, red lanterns (hang) in front of every house in China. 【答案】are hung 【详解】句意：春节期间，中国家家户户门前都挂着红灯笼。此处叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语red lanterns和动词hang“悬挂”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语red lanterns表示复数，应用be动词are，hang的过去分词是hung。故填are hung。 43．It’s reported that thousands of papers (store) in a computer’s memory now. 【答案】are stored 【详解】句意：据报道，现在有数千篇论文存储在电脑的内存中。主语“thousands of papers”和谓语“store”之间是被动关系，根据“now”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are stored。 44．Books are often (organize) according to topics. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：书籍经常根据主题进行安排的。organize“组织、安排”，是动词，主语books与谓语organize之间是被动关系，因此用动词过去分词形式，故填organized。 45．You can get your money back if the concert (cancel) because of unknown situations. 【答案】is cancelled 【详解】句意：如果音乐会因不明原因被取消，你可以拿回你的钱。分析句子可知，主语the concert与cancel构成被动关系，应用被动语态，if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+过去分词，the concert作主语，be动词用is。故填is cancelled。 46．At present, some traditional buildings (protect) by our government. 【答案】are protected 【详解】句意：目前，一些传统的建筑被我们的政府所保护。some traditional buildings与所给动词protect之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，再根据At present“目前”可知，需用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：be+done，主语为复数，be动词需用are，protect的过去分词为protected。故填are protected。 47．One of the robots is (design) to help the disabled people live in the city. 【答案】designed 【详解】句意：其中一个机器人是为帮助城市中的残疾人而设计的。分析句子可知，主语“One of the robots”和动词design之间是被动关系，所以该句为一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用过去分词形式，故填designed。 48．Billions of paper cups are (use) every day in the world, so recycling is necessary. 【答案】used 【详解】句意：世界上每天要使用数十亿个纸杯，所以回收是必要的。use“使用”，动词和主语之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态，其结构为“be+done”，use的过去分词为used。故填used。 49．It’s (believe) that the blue whale is the largest animal on the earth. 【答案】believed 【详解】句意：人们相信蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。根据“It’s ... that the blue whale is the largest animal on the earth.”及所给词可知，主语It与believe是被动关系，因此用过去分词believed，构成句型it’s believed that“人们相信”。故填believed。 50．You are to read coming-of-age novels like The adventures of Tom Sawyer. (encourage) 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：我们鼓励你阅读成长小说，如《汤姆·索亚历险记》。此处主语you和谓语encourage之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填encouraged。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Where are the shirts made of ? 一般现在时的被动语态 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一般现在时的被动语态： 描述经常发生、普遍存在或客观事实的动作或状态，且强调该动作的承受者。 构成公式： 主语 (动作承受者) + am/is/are + 过去分词 (V-ed) + (by + 动作执行者) 用法: 1. 强调动作的承受者： 当承受者比执行者更重要或更受关注时。 主动： Millions of people speak English worldwide. (强调执行者 millions of people) 被动： English is spoken worldwide (by millions of people). (强调承受者 English) 2. 不知道或不关心动作执行者是谁： My car is serviced every six months. (我不关心具体是谁服务的，只关心车被保养了) This room is cleaned every day. (谁打扫的不重要，重要的是房间每天被打扫) 3. 动作执行者显而易见或不言而喻： Breakfast is served between 7 and 9 am. (很明显是酒店/餐厅提供的) The mail is delivered in the morning. (很明显是邮递员投递的) 4. 描述普遍真理、科学事实、客观现象或常规流程： Glass is made from sand. (普遍事实) Water is boiled at 100 degrees Celsius. (科学事实) Coffee is grown in Brazil and Colombia. (客观现象) The forms are checked by the manager before approval. (常规流程) 5. 在说明、通知、公告、新闻报道中： Passengers are requested to fasten their seatbelts. (通知) Smoking is not permitted in this building. (公告) The president is elected every four years. (新闻报道/事实) 句型转换 (主动变被动)： 1. 主动句结构： 主语 (执行者) + 动词原形/三单 (V-s/es) + 宾语 (承受者) + 其他 2. 被动句结构： 主语 (承受者) + am/is/are + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 转换步骤： 1. 把主动句的宾语（承受者）变成被动句的主语。 2. 根据新主语（承受者）的人称和单复数，选择 am, is 或 are。 3. 把主动句的动词变成其过去分词 (V3)。 4. 在动词的过去分词后，根据需要加上 by + 主动句的主语（执行者）（如果执行者重要或需要提及）。 5. 保留其他成分（时间、地点、频率状语等）。 例句转换： 主动句 (Active) 被动句 (Passive) 说明 People grow rice in many countries. Rice is grown (by people) in many countries. 宾语 (rice) 变主语；动词 grow -> grown；加 is (单数不可数主语)；by people (常省略) The teacher gives us homework every day. We are given homework (by the teacher) every day. 宾语 (us) 变主语 (we)；动词 give -> given；加 are (复数主语)；by the teacher (可省略) Someone cleans the office every night. The office is cleaned (by someone) every night. 宾语 (the office) 变主语；动词 clean -> cleaned；加 is (单数主语)；by someone (通常省略) Does the company pay you well? Are you paid well (by the company)? 疑问句：助动词 Does 去掉，be动词 (Are) 提前；宾语 (you) 变主语；动词 pay -> paid They don't sell coffee here. Coffee isn't sold (by them) here. / Coffee is not sold here. 否定句：don't 去掉，be动词 (is) 后加 not (isn't/is not)；宾语 (coffee) 变主语；动词 sell -> sold Who writes these reports? Who are these reports written by? / By whom are these reports written? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 who 保留；宾语 (these reports) 变主语；动词 write -> written；加 are (复数主语)；by 短语放句尾或句首（正式用 By whom） 简单记忆口诀： > 现在被动很简单，承受者作主语看。 > am/is/are 是桥梁，过去分词后面站。 > 执行者用 by 引，多数情况可不见。 > 真理流程和状态，被动表达最自然。 1、 单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．Breakfast ________ by my mother because my father goes to work too early. A．cooks B．cooked C．is cooked D．was cooked 2．On Mother’s Day every year, people ________ to show their love for mom. A．encourage B．are encouraged C．encouraged D．were encouraged 3．With the development of technology, computers ________ in classrooms widely. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 4．Usually, soup ______ at the end of the meal in traditional Chinese dining culture. A．served B．will serve C．was served D．is served 5．A lot of after-school activities _________ to our school life because of the “double reduction” policy. It makes our life more colorful. A．added B．are adding C．are added D．will be added 6．I’m not sure whether this newspaper ________ once a week. A．publish B．publishes C．has published D．is published 7．I will go to the show if I ________ tomorrow. A．am invited B．will be invited C．invite D．will invite 8．—The streets in our city are always clean. —You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．are cleaning D．are cleaned 9．—But where is your school suit? —Mine ________ behind the door over there. A．are hanging B．is hung C．are hung D．is hanging 10．The students ________ to hand in their reports by Friday. A．ask B．asked C．are asked D．were asking 11．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．is planted 12．—Who will be the winner of the drawing competition? —Nobody can know the result until it _______ tomorrow morning. A．announces B．will announce C．is announced D．will be announced 13．It is believed that when Fu ________ upside down, happiness arrives. A．put B．is put C．putting D．was put 14．The detective won’t stop searching for the clues to the murder until the murderer ______. A．has arrested B．will be arrested C．is arrested D．arrests 15．A notice ________ on the wall to tell new comers the rules in the library. A．hang B．hangs C．hung D．is hung 16．He ________ as my role model because he often helps me solve problems. A．regards B．will regard C．is regarded D．will be regarded 17．—Excuse me, what’s this? —It’s a robot and it ________ to look after the old. A．uses B．is used C．is using D．use 18．—Some treasures ______ from the museum from time to time. —The museum should protect them well. A．steal B．stole C．are stolen 19．In my country, teenagers ________ to do part-time jobs in their free time. A．are allowed B．allow C．allowed D．allows 20．—Have you finished your report? —I’m afraid I can’t finish the report unless I ________ another three hours. A．have given B．am given C．will be given D．was given 21．Wait, look at the notice! It says visitors to the museum ________ to check all bags and belongings at the front desk before entering it. A．required B．are required C．were required 22．It is said this kind of bike ________ out quickly in our city. A．sells B．is sold C．sold D．selling 23．The rule ________ several times every week. You should pay attention to it seriously. A．mention B．is mentioned C．mentioned D．was mentioned 24．The celebration of this festival usually _______ in early spring. A．holds B．is held C．held D．has held 25．—Where is my book? —It’s ________ under the chair. A．hiding B．hidden C．hides D．hid 26．—Have you finished your fashion design? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．will be given B．give C．will give D．am given 27．—Mom, can I watch TV for a while? —Of course. You can do what you like as long as your homework ________. A．completes B．will complete C．is completed D．has completed 28．Many interesting activities ________ every year on our School Day. A．hold B．will hold C．are held D．were held 29．Many flowers ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. A．send B．are sending C．will send D．are sent 30．A lot of new words ________ every year. For example, “taikonaut” means“ Chinese astronaut.” A．create B．are created C．is created D．were created 二、单词拼写 31．In fact, around 70 million sharks are (catch) and traded in this industry every year. 32．We’re going to hold a party this weekend and Liu Ling is to be the hosts.（choose） 33．The two lovely foxes on the table are (make) of onions. 34．We (remind) to turn off the lights when we leave the room. 35．The river is badly (pollute). We can hardly see fish in it. 36．I wonder if Sydney is often (mistake) for the capital of Australia. 37．No experience (require) to be a Helping Hand Club member. Join us! 38．These thin wires are (connect) to cables under the street. 39．Most of the earth’s surface is (cover) by the ocean. 40．The problems of protecting teenagers are (reflect) in these films. So the films are worth watching. 41．Some special seats (offer) outside the supermarket and the old can have a rest there. 42．During the Spring Festival, red lanterns (hang) in front of every house in China. 43．It’s reported that thousands of papers (store) in a computer’s memory now. 44．Books are often (organize) according to topics. 45．You can get your money back if the concert (cancel) because of unknown situations. 46．At present, some traditional buildings (protect) by our government. 47．One of the robots is (design) to help the disabled people live in the city. 48．Billions of paper cups are (use) every day in the world, so recycling is necessary. 49．It’s (believe) that the blue whale is the largest animal on the earth. 50．You are to read coming-of-age novels like The adventures of Tom Sawyer. (encourage) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$