Unit 3 Getting along with others（重难词汇精练）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Unit 3 Getting along with others重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 7 题型六、完成句子 8 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一、语篇语法填空 9 题型二、应用文写作 9 题型一、词性转换 1．__________ adj.起初的；独创的；原作的 n．原件，原稿→__________ n．起源→__________ adv.最初 2．__________ vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→__________ n．恢复 3．__________ vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→__________ n．判断 4．__________ vi.道歉，谢罪→__________ n．道歉 5．__________ n．行为，举止，态度→__________ vi.举止；表现 6．__________ adj.坦率的，直率的→__________ adv.坦率地 7．__________ vt.忽视，对……不予理会→__________ adj.无知的→__________ n．无知 8．__________ vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→__________ n．痛苦，苦难→__________ n．患者，受难者 9．__________ vi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt.使爆炸→__________ n．爆炸；爆发 10．__________ vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面→__________ adj.表示敬意的；尊重的→__________ adj.体面的；值得尊敬的 11．__________ adj.效率高的，有功效的→__________ n．效率；效能 12．__________ n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→__________ v．反思；反射 13．__________ n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→__________ adj.有益的 14．__________ vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→__________ adj.舒服的 15．__________ n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→__________ vi.& vt.失败；不及格 16．__________ vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→__________ n．认出；认可；承认 17．__________ n．死，死亡；死亡状态→__________ adj.死的→__________ vi.死亡 18．__________ vt.钦佩；欣赏→__________ adj.令人钦佩的→__________ n．钦佩；欣赏 题型二、核心短语 1．__________ (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 2．__________ 脱离某人的视线 3．__________能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 4．__________不知所措，困惑 5．__________有错，应承担责任 6．__________无论如何，不管怎样 7．__________放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 8．__________依赖，依靠，指望 9．__________腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 10．__________损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍 11．__________亲自，亲身 12．__________最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13．__________不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 14．__________在某人看来 15．__________克服；恢复常态 16．__________使显现，使表现出 17．__________消除(问题)，克服(困难) 18．__________注定要做某事，应做某事 19．__________呈现，具有 20．__________最大程度地，最大限度地 题型三、一词多用 sight 1. first sight, their demands seemed reasonable. 2. I was wandering in the street when I suddenly caught sight a tailor's shop. 3.At last the famous school came sight after a twenty minutes' drive. 4.The plane took off and rose steadily until it was of sight. make it 1.I have to make clear that my family is poor. 2.I can't make what my teacher said just now. 3. We live in a world where only the strongest can make it the top. recover 1.He has just recovered a severe illness. 2.Will the government's policies lead to an economic (recover)? 3.He recovered (he) after a slip on the ice. respond 1.With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately the accident. 2. Like any other public servants, police must respond public demand. 3. I think it's a duty of the army to respond action. 4. In （respond） to this problem, various academics proposed many measures and steps. at a loss 1.The off-shore regions will suffer great (loss) if the sea level does not cease rising.   2.She stared out of the window, (lose) in a daydream.   3.He made up his mind to try his best to make up for the (lose). Judge 1.All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of (judge) in their fields. 2. (judge) from the book I have read, I think he is a very promising writer. 3.Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you what you wear. 4.The accident was caused by an error of (judge) on the part of the pilot. apologize 1.I must apologize not being able to meet you. 2.Harry apologized his teacher coming to school late. 3.I should make an (apologize) to you. in any case 1. case that he leaves, please inform me. 2.In case emergency, break the glass and press the button. 3.In case you must arrive there on time. behavior 1.If you don’t know how to behave (oneself) at table in a foreign country, you should copy the host. 2. She called Susan, apologized for her (behave) and expressed her sincere gratitude. ignore 1.His (ignore) behaviour at the dinner table caused much embarrassment. 2.We cannot afford (ignore) their advice. 3.Knowledge makes humble, and (ignore) makes proud. 4.At that time I was ignorant events going on elsewhere. suffer 1.Reading fictions helps those who do not suffer loneliness to understand lonely people. 2.The old man is said to have gone through varieties of (suffer) during the war. 3.I am sorry to learn that you (suffer) headaches, which prevents you from performing well in your work.   contact 1.Were you close contact with him throughout his illness? 2.I think it's important for people like us in the city to come contact with nature and the seasons. 3.If you have any question，be sure to get in contact me. opinion 1.It's perfectly normal for people to have different opinions people and things. 2. my opinion, it’s one of the most important books on diet ever written. respect 1.The children in our family are always (respect) to their elders. 2.I respect him a writer and as a man. 3.As a teacher, he is (respect) for his good teaching. measure 1.He bought a table _________ (measure) 2 meters by 50 centimeters. 2.We can't measure happiness wealth. 3. The government should take effective measures (solve) the issues of food safety. reflection 1.Take some time to reflect your future plans. 2.The hills (reflect) in the water. 3.In no way did his work (reflect) his abilities. 4.We can see the (reflect) of the tree in the lake. seek 1.They (seek) advice on how to project a more positive image of their company. 2.I know I will seek the path leading to a better life than I could ever have imagined. 3.If you want to be understood, you must first seek (understand)　others.   4.Yet for those with high ambitions, it is rather more important to realize their life values than to seek _________ money. escape ①Even now, no one knows why it happened, but I did escape the terrible disaster fortunately. ②It is said that he narrowly escaped (kill) in the traffic accident on the other day.   benefit 1.The new rules will be real benefit to us all. 2.It is said that the company has benefited the new way of doing business. 3.The doctor thought the change would be (benefit) to the patient's health. 4.The new highway that is under construction (benefit) the city and the nearby towns. recognize 1.We recognize him (be) a hard­working and honest person. 2.We have to recognize there are shortcomings in our work. 3.The book is now recognized a classic. 4. My hometown has changed beyond (recognize). 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I think you should go back to your (origin) plan, because the current approach isn’t delivering the expected results. 2．The scientists handled the (explode) materials with extreme caution during the experiment. 3．The concert is (definite) worth going to, as the singer’s live performance is amazing. 4．We had to cancel our picnic due to the (horror) weather. 5．You should talk to your friend about his (behave) and tell him should behave (he). 6．I’m really sorry about the suffering and (lost) that was caused. 7．Mr Smith was angry with Jim because he kept (chat) with his friends in class. 8． （misunderstand）resulting from lack of social communication, if not dealt with properly, may lead to serious problems. 9．Acts of （generous）, no matter how small, can significantly enhance the warmth and depth of a friendship. 10．Despite her （suffer）from a bad headache, she still managed to join us for dinner. 11．A sincere （apologize）can mend even the most damaged relationships. 12．I was （ignorance）of her feelings, which caused a misunderstanding between us. 13．In the heat of an argument, it's important to reserve （judge）and listen to the other person's point of view. 14．I know it isn’t easy but any case, we will get over the difficulties. 15．The stolen painting is expected (recover) by the police soon. 16．Our friendship was （original）based on shared interests, which has developed into a deep and lasting bond. 17．Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away the meaning of friendship. 18．Those who are interested in this position should apply person. 19．The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals. 20．Even the experienced doctor couldn't cure him of his （dead）disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．The company decided to give an extra amount of money to all the employees in （recognize）of their hard work during the challenging year. 22．At its most （basis）level, the book is about a father's relationship with his children. 23．As the saying goes, （fail）is the mother of success, so we shouldn't be discouraged by setbacks but learn from them instead. 24．We should acquire more IT skills so that we can improve our teaching （efficient）. 25．Seated （comfortable）in the chair, the old lady read a book attentively. 26．The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and （joy）, occasionally bending down to pick up a beautiful seashell. 27．We live in a global, multicultural world, so we are taught ( respect) different cultures in order to live in a harmonious environment. 28．The Earth’s resources are limited, so our country is actively exploring (extra) planets than the existing ones. 29．The scientist successfully (seek) answers to the complex questions that had puzzled researchers for decades. 30． (crowd) with tourists, the streets were filled with laughter and excitement. 31．She realised that one of the greatest (benefit) of the Internet was to remove the distance that usually exists between people. 32．Through （reflect）on past experiences, we can learn valuable lessons about maintaining healthy relationships. 33．A passer-by saw them (escape) from the burning building, coughing and struggling to breathe. 34．Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, (crowd) together in the glassy water of the port. 35．President said they would fight to the (die) rather than give up an inch of ground. 36．The widespread popularity of Hanfu among more and more young people is a (reflect) of cultural confidence. 37．Police are trying to establish the cause of (dead). (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．Another 38.2 million yuan in fiscal budgets has been provided to support (company) technological innovation. 39．Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and (dead), and everything else in between. 40．The Spring Festival decorations are expected (admire) by all the visitors. 题型五、单词拼写 1．The balloon (爆炸) like a bomb, which frightened me. 2．He wrote a letter to (道歉) for borrowing money without permission. 3．Bruce i the stop signal and unfortunately was hit by a taxi. 4．She is the most g person I’ve ever met. 5．The o plan was to go hiking, but the rain forced us to change it. 6．For much of the time he (遭受) from bad health. 7．Don’t try to t me with words into betraying the secret. 8．She said his death was a great l to herself. 9．He wrote her a letter for fearing she m him. 10．She r , (回答) “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!” 11．We should not (判断) people based on how much money they have. 12．In all, the new features (肯定) add more variety to this online game. 13．As a s man, he can’t give you any good advice. 14．The movie explores the t of responsibility in an intelligent and humorous way. 15．I appreciate our （坦率的）discussions; they've deepened our friendship and allowed us to understand each other better. 16．Honesty is a good q that everyone should have. 17．Our car missed the truck about an inch, therefore, we had a narrow e . 17．She decided to rent out a room facing the street to get e income. 18．He s (寻找) his fortune in the city after graduating from the college. 19．He did not think she could r his car in the snow. 20． (失败) is never quite so frightening as regret． 题型六、完成句子 1．我真的希望我可以尽快恢复去参加你的聚会。 I do hope that I go to your party. 2．他们组织了一场抗议，为环境保护辩护，结果却被地方政府忽视了。 （defense；only） They environmental protection, by the local government. 3．我们很困惑，不知道该做什么生意。 We were what kind of business to start. 4．是时候放下过去，开始你生活的新篇章了。 It’s time to the past and start a new chapter in your life. 5．从汤姆的慷慨判断，他很有可能从之前的经济损失中恢复过来了。 from his , Tom is very to have from the previous financial . 6．我保证如果你能亲自来音乐会，你会有一段令你印象深刻的经历的。 I’m sure you will if you can come . 7．然而如今，使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的真义。 Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are the meaning of friendship. 8．他是一个值得信赖的人，一个可以陪你同甘共苦的人。 He is a reliable person, who can accompany you   . 9．在我看来，拥有健康的饮食习惯会对我们的健康有益。 , good healthy eating habits will   our health. 10．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer . 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一上·广东广州·开学考试） In every culture around the world, friendship has been considered as the greatest thing a person can have. Everyone needs a close friendship 1 can give us support for both the good and the bad times in life. Friends keep us from feeling lonely, provide us 2 a sense of being safe and help whenever things may not end up 3 (go) the way we want it to. 4 (luckily), sometimes friendship can be a source of pain as well as joy. Like any relationship, friendship can make us feel sad if the trust at the foundation of the relationship 5 (break) by either of the friends. For example, if you have ever told a close friend your secret, but he has that secret known by others, you might have 6 first feeling of losing trust in a friendship. When experiencing the 7 (sad) or loneliness of losing a friendship, you can get out and be active, which helps you keep your mind off the lost friendship, or you can pay much attention to 8 (you). If you pay attention to doing things you enjoy, you will have less time to think of your lost friendship. Always remember a strong friendship 9 (require) honesty and trust. Even if you are hurt by your friends, it is wise of you 10 (forget) it and start your new life again. 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高一上·山东滨州·阶段练习）某英文网站正在开展以 “记好友，叙友情” 为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍你最好的一位朋友，并记述你们之间一段难忘的经历。 提示词语：kind, helpful, encourage, practice, support 内容提示： · Who is your best friend? Please describe him/her · Share an unforgettable experience you had with him/her. I’m glad to say something about my best friend. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Getting along with others重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 11 题型六、完成句子 13 综合攻坚·能力跃升 15 题型一、语篇语法填空 15 题型二、应用文写作 17 题型一、词性转换 1．__________ adj.起初的；独创的；原作的 n．原件，原稿→__________ n．起源→__________ adv.最初 2．__________ vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→__________ n．恢复 3．__________ vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→__________ n．判断 4．__________ vi.道歉，谢罪→__________ n．道歉 5．__________ n．行为，举止，态度→__________ vi.举止；表现 6．__________ adj.坦率的，直率的→__________ adv.坦率地 7．__________ vt.忽视，对……不予理会→__________ adj.无知的→__________ n．无知 8．__________ vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→__________ n．痛苦，苦难→__________ n．患者，受难者 9．__________ vi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt.使爆炸→__________ n．爆炸；爆发 10．__________ vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面→__________ adj.表示敬意的；尊重的→__________ adj.体面的；值得尊敬的 11．__________ adj.效率高的，有功效的→__________ n．效率；效能 12．__________ n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→__________ v．反思；反射 13．__________ n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→__________ adj.有益的 14．__________ vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→__________ adj.舒服的 15．__________ n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→__________ vi.& vt.失败；不及格 16．__________ vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→__________ n．认出；认可；承认 17．__________ n．死，死亡；死亡状态→__________ adj.死的→__________ vi.死亡 18．__________ vt.钦佩；欣赏→__________ adj.令人钦佩的→__________ n．钦佩；欣赏 【答案】1. original, origin, originally 2. recover, recovery 3. judge, judgement 4. apologize, apology 5. behavior, behave 6. frank, frankly 7. ignore, ignorant, ignorance 8. suffer, suffering, sufferer 9. explode, explosion 10. respect, respectful, respectable 11. efficient, efficiency 12. reflection, reflect 13. benefit, beneficial 14. comfort, comfortable 15. failure, fail 16. recognize, recognition 17. death, dead, die 18. admire, admirable, admiration 题型二、核心短语 1．__________ (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 2．__________ 脱离某人的视线 3．__________能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 4．__________不知所措，困惑 5．__________有错，应承担责任 6．__________无论如何，不管怎样 7．__________放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 8．__________依赖，依靠，指望 9．__________腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 10．__________损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍 11．__________亲自，亲身 12．__________最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13．__________ through thick and thin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 14．__________在某人看来 15．__________克服；恢复常态 16．__________使显现，使表现出 17．__________消除(问题)，克服(困难) 18．__________注定要做某事，应做某事 19．__________呈现，具有 20．__________最大程度地，最大限度地 【答案】1．on the rocks2．out of one’s sight 3．make it 4．at a loss 5．in the wrong 6．in any case 7．let go of 8．count on9．eat away at 10．come between...and... 11．in person 12．high point 13．through thick and thin 14．in one’s opinion 15．get over 16．bring out 17．smooth out 18．be meant to do sth 19．take on呈现，具有20．in full measure 题型三、一词多用 sight 1. first sight, their demands seemed reasonable. 2. I was wandering in the street when I suddenly caught sight a tailor's shop. 3.At last the famous school came sight after a twenty minutes' drive. 4.The plane took off and rose steadily until it was of sight. 【答案】1．At 2. of 3. into 4.out make it 1.I have to make clear that my family is poor. 2.I can't make what my teacher said just now. 3. We live in a world where only the strongest can make it the top. 【答案】1.it 2. out 3. to recover 1.He has just recovered a severe illness. 2.Will the government's policies lead to an economic (recover)? 3.He recovered (he) after a slip on the ice. 【答案】1．from 2. recovery 3. himself respond 1.With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately the accident. 2. Like any other public servants, police must respond public demand. 3. I think it's a duty of the army to respond action. 4. In （respond） to this problem, various academics proposed many measures and steps. 【答案】1．to 2. to 3. with 4. response at a loss 1.The off-shore regions will suffer great (loss) if the sea level does not cease rising.   2.She stared out of the window, (lose) in a daydream.   3.He made up his mind to try his best to make up for the (lose). 【答案】1 losses 2. lost 3.. loss Judge 1.All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of (judge) in their fields. 2. (judge) from the book I have read, I think he is a very promising writer. 3.Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you what you wear. 4.The accident was caused by an error of (judge) on the part of the pilot. 【答案】1．judges 2. Judging 3. by/ from 4. judgement apologize 1.I must apologize not being able to meet you. 2.Harry apologized his teacher coming to school late. 3.I should make an (apologize) to you. 【答案】1．for 2. to, for 3. apology in any case 1. case that he leaves, please inform me. 2.In case emergency, break the glass and press the button. 3.In case you must arrive there on time. 【答案】1．me 2. of 3. any behavior 1.If you don’t know how to behave (oneself) at table in a foreign country, you should copy the host. 2. She called Susan, apologized for her (behave) and expressed her sincere gratitude. 【答案】1．yourself 2. behavior ignore 1.His (ignore) behaviour at the dinner table caused much embarrassment. 2.We cannot afford (ignore) their advice. 3.Knowledge makes humble, and (ignore) makes proud. 4.At that time I was ignorant events going on elsewhere. 【答案】1．ignorant 2. to ignore 3. ignorance 4. of/ about suffer 1.Reading fictions helps those who do not suffer loneliness to understand lonely people. 2.The old man is said to have gone through varieties of (suffer) during the war. 3.I am sorry to learn that you (suffer) headaches, which prevents you from performing well in your work.   【答案】1．from 2. sufferings 3. have been suffering contact 1.Were you close contact with him throughout his illness? 2.I think it's important for people like us in the city to come contact with nature and the seasons. 3.If you have any question，be sure to get in contact me. 【答案】1．in 2. into 3. with opinion 1.It's perfectly normal for people to have different opinions people and things. 2. my opinion, it’s one of the most important books on diet ever written. 【答案】1．about 2. In Respect 1.The children in our family are always (respect) to their elders. 2.I respect him a writer and as a man. 3.As a teacher, he is (respect) for his good teaching. 【答案】1．respectful 2. as 3. respected measure 1.He bought a table _________ (measure) 2 meters by 50 centimeters. 2.We can't measure happiness wealth. 3. The government should take effective measures (solve) the issues of food safety. 【答案】1．Measuring 2. by 3. to solve reflection ①Take some time to reflect your future plans. ②The hills (reflect) in the water. ③In no way did his work (reflect) his abilities. ④We can see the (reflect) of the tree in the lake. 【答案】1．on 2. are reflected 3. reflect 4. reflection Seek 1.They (seek) advice on how to project a more positive image of their company. 2.I know I will seek the path leading to a better life than I could ever have imagined. 3.If you want to be understood, you must first seek (understand)　others.   4.Yet for those with high ambitions, it is rather more important to realize their life values than to seek _________ money. 【答案】1．sought 2. out 3. to understand 4. after Escape ①Even now, no one knows why it happened, but I did escape the terrible disaster fortunately. ②It is said that he narrowly escaped (kill) in the traffic accident on the other day.   【答案】1．from 2. being killed Benefit 1.The new rules will be real benefit to us all. 2.It is said that the company has benefited the new way of doing business. 3.The doctor thought the change would be (benefit) to the patient's health. 4.The new highway that is under construction (benefit) the city and the nearby towns. 【答案】1.of 2. from 3. beneficial 4. will benefit Recognize 1.We recognize him (be) a hard­working and honest person. 2.We have to recognize there are shortcomings in our work. 3.The book is now recognized a classic. 4. My hometown has changed beyond (recognize). 【答案】1 to be 2. that 3. as 4. recognition 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I think you should go back to your (origin) plan, because the current approach isn’t delivering the expected results. 【答案】original 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为你应该回到原来的计划，因为目前的方法并没有达到预期的效果。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词plan，origin的形容词是original，意为“原先的”。故填original。 2．The scientists handled the (explode) materials with extreme caution during the experiment. 【答案】explosive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在实验过程中，科学家们对爆炸物的处理极为谨慎。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“materials”，explosive为形容词，表示“易爆的、爆炸性的”，符合句意。故填explosive。 3．The concert is (definite) worth going to, as the singer’s live performance is amazing. 【答案】definitely 【详解】考查副词。句意：这场音乐会绝对值得一去，因为这位歌手的现场表演太精彩了。“definite”为形容词，意为“确定的”，此处需用副词作状语，修饰形容词“worth”，故填definitely。 4．We had to cancel our picnic due to the (horror) weather. 【答案】horrible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于天气恶劣，我们不得不取消野餐。此处修饰名词 weather，应用形容词形式，horror 的形容词是 horrible，意为“可怕的，糟糕的”。故填horrible。 5．You should talk to your friend about his (behave) and tell him should behave (he). 【答案】 behaviour himself 【详解】考查名词和代词。句意：你应该和你的朋友谈谈他的行为举止，告诉他应该注意自己的言行举止。第一空作介词的宾语，用名词behaviour，不可数；第二空为短语behave oneself，表示“表现得得体”，结合前文的him可知用反身代词himself。故填①behaviour；②himself。 6．I’m really sorry about the suffering and (lost) that was caused. 【答案】loss 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于所造成的痛苦和损失，我真的很抱歉。and连接并列成分，前面的suffering是名词，所以空处也用名词作宾语，lost是动词lose的过去式和过去分词形式，其名词形式是loss，意为“损失”，符合题意。故填loss。 7．Mr Smith was angry with Jim because he kept (chat) with his friends in class. 【答案】chatting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：史密斯先生对吉姆很生气，因为他在课堂上一直和朋友们聊天。固定短语keep doing sth.表示“持续做某事”，强调动作的持续性或反复性，空处需填动名词chatting作宾语。故填chatting。 8． （misunderstand）resulting from lack of social communication, if not dealt with properly, may lead to serious problems. 【答案】Misunderstandings 9．Acts of （generous）, no matter how small, can significantly enhance the warmth and depth of a friendship. 【答案】generosity 10．Despite her （suffer）from a bad headache, she still managed to join us for dinner. 【答案】suffering 11．A sincere （apologize）can mend even the most damaged relationships. 【答案】apology 12．I was （ignorance）of her feelings, which caused a misunderstanding between us. 【答案】ignorant 13．In the heat of an argument, it's important to reserve （judge）and listen to the other person's point of view. 【答案】judgement 14．I know it isn’t easy but any case, we will get over the difficulties. 【答案】in 15．The stolen painting is expected (recover) by the police soon. 【答案】to be recovered 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这幅被盗的画预计很快就会被警方找回。be expected to do sth预计做某事，The stolen painting与recover为被动关系，用不定式的被动语态。故填to be recovered。 16．Our friendship was （original）based on shared interests, which has developed into a deep and lasting bond. 【答案】originally 17．Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away the meaning of friendship. 【答案】at 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：然而，如今这些让我们保持联系的现代工具却在侵蚀着友谊的真谛。eat away at是固定短语，意为“逐渐毁掉，侵蚀”，因此空格处用介词at，故填at。 18．Those who are interested in this position should apply person. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：对这个职位感兴趣的人应该亲自申请。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语in person“亲自”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。 19．The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这台长度仅为三毫米的设备能够探测电子信号。此处为非谓语动词作定语，句中已有谓语动词can detect，故空格处应用非谓语动词形式，The equipment和measure之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填measuring。 20．Even the experienced doctor couldn't cure him of his （dead）disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】deadly 21．The company decided to give an extra amount of money to all the employees in （recognize）of their hard work during the challenging year. 【答案】recognition 22．At its most （basis）level, the book is about a father's relationship with his children. 【答案】basic 23．As the saying goes, （fail）is the mother of success, so we shouldn't be discouraged by setbacks but learn from them instead. 【答案】failure 24．We should acquire more IT skills so that we can improve our teaching （efficient）. 【答案】efficiency 25．Seated （comfortable）in the chair, the old lady read a book attentively. 【答案】comfortably 26．The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and （joy）, occasionally bending down to pick up a beautiful seashell. 【答案】joyful 27．We live in a global, multicultural world, so we are taught ( respect) different cultures in order to live in a harmonious environment. 【答案】to respect 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们生活在一个全球化的、多元文化的世界里，因此我们被教导要尊重不同的文化，以便在一个和谐的环境中生活。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“be taught to do sth.”，意为“被教导做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to respect。 28．The Earth’s resources are limited, so our country is actively exploring (extra) planets than the existing ones. 【答案】more extra 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：地球的资源是有限的，所以我们国家正在积极探索比现有行星更多的行星。根据than可知，因此应该使用extra的比较级形式more extra作定语。故填more extra。 29．The scientist successfully (seek) answers to the complex questions that had puzzled researchers for decades. 【答案】sought 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位科学家成功地找到了困扰研究人员几十年的复杂问题的答案。空处作主句的谓语，根据“had puzzled”可知，从句是过去完成时，即过去的过去，因此主句是叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，应用seek“找到，找出”的过去式。故填sought。 30． (crowd) with tourists, the streets were filled with laughter and excitement. 【答案】Crowded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：街上挤满了游客，充满了笑声和兴奋。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“were filled with”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“streets”和“crowd”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“crowd”的过去分词“crowded”作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Crowded。 31．She realised that one of the greatest (benefit) of the Internet was to remove the distance that usually exists between people. 【答案】benefits 【详解】考查名词。句意：她意识到互联网最大的好处之一就是消除了人们之间通常存在的距离。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定短语，意为“最……之一”，可数名词benefit(好处)用复数形式。故填benefits。 32．Through （reflect）on past experiences, we can learn valuable lessons about maintaining healthy relationships. 【答案】reflection 33．A passer-by saw them (escape) from the burning building, coughing and struggling to breathe. 【答案】escaping/escape 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位路人看见他们正从/从着火的大楼里逃出来，咳嗽着，呼吸困难。“see sb doing sth”意思是“看到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；“see sb do sth”意思是“看到某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程或经常性、习惯性的动作。分析句子结构可知，saw是谓语动词，空处应填escape的非谓语动词形式，作宾语补足语。结合语境和题干中的“coughing and struggling to breathe”可知，路人看到他们时，他们正在从着火的大楼里逃出来，所以此处强调动作正在进行，escape应该用现在分词形式escaping；此外，如果用动词原形escape，则意味着路人看到了他们从大楼里逃出来的全过程。故填escaping/escape。 34．Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, (crowd) together in the glassy water of the port. 【答案】were crowded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：向城市运送进口货物或向海外运送出口货物的商船，连同富人乘坐的金色游艇，挤在港口清澈的水面上。陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。along with连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数与along with之前的主语保持一致。Trading ships与crowd为被动关系。故填were crowded。 35．President said they would fight to the (die) rather than give up an inch of ground. 【答案】death 【详解】考查名词。句意：总统说他们会战斗到死，而不会放弃一寸土地。提示词作宾语，用名词death，意为“死亡，死亡状态”，不可数名词；fight to the death“战斗到死”。故填death。 36．The widespread popularity of Hanfu among more and more young people is a (reflect) of cultural confidence. 【答案】reflection 【详解】考查名词。句意：汉服在越来越多的年轻人中广泛流行是一种文化自信的体现。作表语，应用名词reflection，不定冠词提示用单数。故填reflection。 37．Police are trying to establish the cause of (dead). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】death 【详解】考查名词。句意：警方正试图确定死亡的原因。此处为名词作宾语，dead的名词为death意为“死亡”，为不可数名词。故填death。 38．Another 38.2 million yuan in fiscal budgets has been provided to support (company) technological innovation. 【答案】company’s 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：另有3820万元财政预算用于支持公司技术创新。此处需要一个具有表示所属关系功能的词来修饰“technological innovation（技术创新）”，故填 company’s。 39．Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and (dead), and everything else in between. 【答案】death 【详解】考查名词。句意：舞蹈表达爱与恨，欢乐与悲伤，生与死，以及介于两者之间的一切。根据and可知，空处和前文的life并列，应填名词作宾语，dead的名词形式是death。故填death， 40．The Spring Festival decorations are expected (admire) by all the visitors. 【答案】to be admired 【详解】考查不定式。句意：人们期待春节装饰品能受到所有游客的赞赏。be expected to do sth。The Spring Festival decoration与admire为被动关系，用不定式的被动语态。故填to be admired。 题型五、单词拼写 1．The balloon (爆炸) like a bomb, which frightened me. 【答案】exploded 【详解】考查时态。句意：气球像炸弹一样爆炸了，把我吓坏了。空格处用动词作谓语，“爆炸”的动词是explode，由frightened可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填exploded。 2．He wrote a letter to (道歉) for borrowing money without permission. 【答案】apologize/apologise 【详解】考查动词。句意：他写了一封信，为未经允许借钱而道歉。根据汉语提示“道歉”及句意，此处为动词apologize/apologise，不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形。故填apologize/apologise。 3．Bruce i the stop signal and unfortunately was hit by a taxi. 【答案】ignored/gnored 【详解】考查动词。句意：布鲁斯忽视了停车信号，不幸被一辆出租车撞了。根据首字母i及句意可知，此处应为动词ignore，此处为动词作谓语，结合并列句的谓语动词was hit可知，事情发生在过去，需用一般过去时，其过去式为ignored。故填ignored。 4．She is the most g person I’ve ever met. 【答案】generous/enerous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是我所见过的最慷慨的人。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用形容词generous作定语，修饰person。故填generous。 5．The o plan was to go hiking, but the rain forced us to change it. 【答案】original/riginal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：原来的计划是去徒步旅行，但下雨迫使我们改变了计划。名词plan前用形容词修饰。根据首字母提示及句意，用形容词original，表示“原来的”之意。故填original。 6．For much of the time he (遭受) from bad health. 【答案】suffered 【详解】考查动词。句意：他大部分时间都身体不好。根据汉语提示“遭受”可知，应填动词suffer，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填suffered。 7．Don’t try to t me with words into betraying the secret. 【答案】trick/rick 【详解】考查动词。句意：别想用言语哄骗我泄露秘密。根据首字母提示t可知，应填动词trick“欺骗，哄骗”，位于不定式符号to后，空处应用动词原形。故填trick。 8．She said his death was a great l to herself. 【答案】loss/oss 【详解】考查名词。句意：她说他的死对她自己来说是一个巨大的损失。根据首字母“l”及语境“his death”（他的死亡）可知，此处表示“损失”，应为名词loss作表语，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填loss。 9．He wrote her a letter for fearing she m him. 【答案】misunderstood/isunderstood 【详解】考查动词。句意：他给她写了一封信，生怕她误解了他。空处为从句谓语动词，结合句意和首字母提示可知，动词misunderstand“误解”符合；结合主句谓语动词wrote可知，从句也用一般过去时。故填misunderstood。 10．She r , (回答) “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!” 【答案】responded/esponded 【详解】考查动词。句意：她回答说：“我宁愿一辈子单身学习！”分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据中英文提示及句意，动词“回答”英文为respond。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填responded。 11．We should not (判断) people based on how much money they have. 【答案】judge 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们不应该根据人们有多少钱来判断他们。根据汉语提示“判断”可知，空处应填动词judge，情态动词后用动词原形。故填judge。 12．In all, the new features (肯定) add more variety to this online game. 【答案】definitely 【详解】考查副词。句意：总的来说，这些新功能肯定会为这款网络游戏增添更多的多样性。修饰动词add用副词“肯定”definitely，作状语。故填definitely。 13．As a s man, he can’t give you any good advice. 【答案】shallow/hallow 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一个肤浅的人，他无法给你任何好建议。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填shallow，表“肤浅的”，为形容词作定语。故填shallow。 14．The movie explores the t of responsibility in an intelligent and humorous way. 【答案】theme 15．I appreciate our （坦率的）discussions; they've deepened our friendship and allowed us to understand each other better. 【答案】frank 16．Honesty is a good q that everyone should have. 【答案】quality/uality 【详解】考查名词。句意：诚实是每个人都应该具备的良好品质。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词quality“品质”，在句中作表语，由a可知，应用单数形式。故填quality。 17．Our car missed the truck about an inch, therefore, we had a narrow e . 【答案】escape/scape 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的车差一英寸就撞上那辆卡车了，因此，我们死里逃生。详细分析：不定冠词 a后接可数名词单数，结合首字母 e及前文Our car missed the truck about an inch（我们的车差一英寸就撞上那辆卡车了） 可知，此处指 “死里逃生，幸免于难”；have a narrow escape”是固定短语，意为 “死里逃生”，所以填escape作宾语。故填escape。 17．She decided to rent out a room facing the street to get e income. 【答案】extra/xtra 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她决定把一间朝街的房间租出去以获得额外收入。根据首字母提示e可知，应填形容词extra“额外的”，作前置定语，修饰名词income。故填extra。 18．He s (寻找) his fortune in the city after graduating from the college. 【答案】sought/ought 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：大学毕业后，他便来到这座城市寻找发财的机会。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“寻找”及首字母“s”可知，应为动词seek，由时间状语“after graduating from the college”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处用过去式sought。故填sought。 19．He did not think she could r his car in the snow. 【答案】recognise/ecognise/recognize/ecognize 【详解】考查动词。句意：他认为她在雪中认不出他的车。此处为动词作谓语，且位于情态动词could之后，需用动词原形。根据首字母r及句意可知，此处应为动词recognise/recognize，意为“认出”，位于情态动词之后，使用动词原形。故填recognise/recognize。 20． (失败) is never quite so frightening as regret． 【答案】Failure 【详解】考查名词。句意：失败从来不像后悔那么可怕。根据汉语提示“失败”以及句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，应用名词failure作主语，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Failure。 题型六、完成句子 1．我真的希望我可以尽快恢复去参加你的聚会。 I do hope that I go to your party. 【答案】 can recover soon to 【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语和副词。根据句子结构和中文提示可知，that后为宾语从句，空格处表达“可以尽快恢复”之意，“可以”用情态动词can，“恢复”用动词recover，“尽快”用副词soon；“去参加你的聚会”为目的状语，应用不定式表目的。故填①can②recover③soon④to。 2．他们组织了一场抗议，为环境保护辩护，结果却被地方政府忽视了。 （defense；only） They environmental protection, by the local government. 【答案】 organised a protest in defense of only to be ignored 【详解】考查时态、介词短语和不定式。陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。“组织了一场抗议”为organise a protest；“为……辩护”为in defense of，作状语；“忽视”为动词ignore，“结果却被忽视”表示出乎意料的结果，用不定式作结果状语，前文陈述的内容与ignore之间为被动关系，用不定式的被动语态，表达为only to be ignored。故填organised a protest in defense of；only to be ignored。 3．我们很困惑，不知道该做什么生意。 We were what kind of business to start. 【答案】 at a loss 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“困惑”使用介词短语at a loss，故填①at②a③loss。 4．是时候放下过去，开始你生活的新篇章了。 It’s time to the past and start a new chapter in your life. 【答案】 let go of 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处需使用三个词表示“放下”，可使用动词短语let go of，结合空格前的不定式符号to可知，let用原形形式。故填①let；②go；③of。 5．从汤姆的慷慨判断，他很有可能从之前的经济损失中恢复过来了。 from his , Tom is very to have from the previous financial .【答案】 Judging generosity likely recovered loss/ losses 【详解】考查固定搭配、名词、动词和形容词。“从……判断”可以用固定搭配judging from...表示，所以，第一个空格处填Judging；“慷慨”用名词generosity作介词from的宾语，所以，第二个空格处填generosity；“很有可能……”用be likely to do表示，所以第三个空格处填形容词likely作表语；“恢复”用动词recover，根据第四个空格前的have可知，应该用过去分词形式recovered；“损失”用名词loss，“之前的经济损失”可以指一次，用单数形式，也可以指多次，用复数形式losses。故填①Judging；②generosity；③likely；④recovered；⑤loss/ losses。 6．我保证如果你能亲自来音乐会，你会有一段令你印象深刻的经历的。 I’m sure you will if you can come . 【答案】 have an impressive experience in person 【详解】考查动词、介词短语。表示“有一段令你印象深刻的经历”用动词短语have an impressive experience，动词原形和will构成一般将来时；表示“亲自”用介词短语in person，作状语。故填have；an；impressive；experience；in；person。 7．然而如今，使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的真义。 Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are the meaning of friendship. 【答案】 eating away at 【详解】考查动词短语、时态。空白处在句中作谓语，应使用动词或动词短语，根据汉语提示，设空处表示“侵蚀……”，表达为动词短语eat away at；根据句意“正在侵蚀友谊的真义”，可知本句谓语用现在进行时，空前有are，动词eat用现在分词形式；故填：eating；away；at。 8．他是一个值得信赖的人，一个可以陪你同甘共苦的人。 He is a reliable person, who can accompany you   . 【答案】 through thick and thin 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语through thick and thin“风雨无阻，同甘共苦”，满足句意要求。故分别填through；thick；and；thin。 9．在我看来，拥有健康的饮食习惯会对我们的健康有益。 , good healthy eating habits will   our health. 【答案】 In my opinion having be good for 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词作主语。根据句意，第一、二、三空表示“在我看来”为固定短语in my opinion，位于句首单词首字母需大写，所以第一、二、三空填In my opinion；第四空表示“拥有”为have，此处为非谓语动词作主语，表示一般性动作，所以使用动名词having作主语，所以第四空为having；第五、六、七空表示“对……有益”为固定短语be good for，所以第五、六、七空填be good for。故填①In②my③opinion④having⑤be⑥good⑦for。 10．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer . 【答案】to keep her company 【详解】考查不定式。“陪伴某人”为keep one’s company。本句为with的复合结构，表示将来的动作，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to keep her company。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高一上·广东广州·开学考试） In every culture around the world, friendship has been considered as the greatest thing a person can have. Everyone needs a close friendship 1 can give us support for both the good and the bad times in life. Friends keep us from feeling lonely, provide us 2 a sense of being safe and help whenever things may not end up 3 (go) the way we want it to. 4 (luckily), sometimes friendship can be a source of pain as well as joy. Like any relationship, friendship can make us feel sad if the trust at the foundation of the relationship 5 (break) by either of the friends. For example, if you have ever told a close friend your secret, but he has that secret known by others, you might have 6 first feeling of losing trust in a friendship. When experiencing the 7 (sad) or loneliness of losing a friendship, you can get out and be active, which helps you keep your mind off the lost friendship, or you can pay much attention to 8 (you). If you pay attention to doing things you enjoy, you will have less time to think of your lost friendship. Always remember a strong friendship 9 (require) honesty and trust. Even if you are hurt by your friends, it is wise of you 10 (forget) it and start your new life again. 【答案】1．which/that 2．with 3．going 4．Unluckily 5．is broken 6．a 7．sadness 8．yourself 9．requires 10．to forget 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是友谊的重要性和如何应对失去的友谊。 1．考查定语从句。句意：每个人都需要一份亲密的友谊，它能在生活中的顺境和逆境中给予我们支持。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词friendship是物，因此用关系代词which或者that引导，故填which或者that。 2．考查介词。句意：朋友让我们远离孤独，给我们安全感，当事情不像我们想的那样结束时，他们会帮助我们。provide sb. with sth.是固定短语，意为“给某人提供某物”，因此空格处用介词with，故填with。 3．考查动名词。句意：朋友让我们远离孤独，给我们安全感，当事情不像我们想的那样结束时，他们会帮助我们。end up doing是固定短语，意为“最终做某事”，因此空格处用动名词going。故填going。 4．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，有时友谊既是快乐的源泉，也是痛苦的源泉。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整句话，副词luckily的反义词unluckily“不幸的是”符合句意；位于句首，首字母大写，故填Unluckily。 5．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：就像任何关系一样，如果友谊的基础信任被任何一个朋友破坏了我们会感到悲伤。if引导的是条件状语从句，描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，从句主语trust与动词break之间是被动关系，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语trust是不可数名词，因此空格处是is broken。故填is broken。 6．考查冠词。句意：例如，如果你曾经告诉过一个亲密的朋友你的秘密，但他让别人知道了这个秘密，你可能会首先对友谊失去信任，first feeling意为“第一感觉”，此处表示泛指，前面要加不定冠词，first是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 7．考查名词。句意：当经历失去友谊的悲伤或孤独时，你可以走出去，活跃起来，这有助于你把注意力从失去的友谊中移开，或者你可以多关注自己。空格处用名词作宾语，sad的名词是sadness，意为“悲伤”，是不可数名词，故填sadness。 8．考查反身代词。句意：当经历失去友谊的悲伤或孤独时，你可以走出去，活跃起来，这有助于你把注意力从失去的友谊中移开，或者你可以多关注自己。根据语境可知，此处表示“你可以多关注自己”，空格处意为“你自己”，用反身代词yourself，故填yourself。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：永远记住，牢固的友谊需要诚实和信任。空格处在省略that的宾语从句中作谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语friendship是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填requires。 10．考查不定式。句意：即使你被你的朋友伤害了，忘记它，重新开始你的新生活也是明智的。it is wise of sb. to do是固定句型，意为“某人做某事是明智的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是不定式to forget。故填to forget。 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025学年高一上·山东滨州·阶段练习）某英文网站正在开展以 “记好友，叙友情” 为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍你最好的一位朋友，并记述你们之间一段难忘的经历。 提示词语：kind, helpful, encourage, practice, support 内容提示： · Who is your best friend? Please describe him/her · Share an unforgettable experience you had with him/her. I’m glad to say something about my best friend. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】  I’m glad to say something about my best friend. His name is Jack. We have been friends since we were in primary school. He is not only intelligent but also kind-hearted. One unforgettable experience with him was during our school sports day, when I was participating in a 100-meter sprint. Unfortunately, I fell at the start. I felt embarrassed and wanted to give up, but Jack encouraged me to stand up and finish the race. It was his support that gave me the courage to continue. We laughed about it later, and it strengthened our friendship. In a word, Jack truly is a friend for a lifetime. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。某英文网站正在开展以 “记好友，叙友情” 为主题的征文活动，要求考生用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍自己最好的一位朋友，并记述与其之间一段难忘的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 聪明的：intelligent → smart/clever 难以忘怀的：unforgettable → memorable 参加：participate in → take part in 尴尬的：embarrassed → awkward 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：We laughed about it later, and it strengthened our friendship. 拓展句：We laughed about the incident later, which undoubtedly strengthened the bond of our friendship. 【点睛】[高分句型1] He is not only intelligent but also kind-hearted. (运用了not only...but also...并列结构) [高分句型2] One unforgettable experience with him was during our school sports day, when I was participating in a 100-meter sprint. (运用了关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] It was his support that gave me the courage to continue. (运用了强调句型) 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$