Unit 1 Science and Scientists（单元测试·基础卷）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试·基础卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） （参考答案） 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 16． G 17．F 18．E 19．A 20．C 第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第1节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．D 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 36．achievements 37．aimed 38．like 39．a 40．marked 41．showing 42．which 43．China’s 44．to work 45．steadily 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 Today, I am honored to deliver a speech with the theme of “Technology and Life”. Technology has greatly improved our daily life in many ways. First, smartphones and the internet make communication faster — we can video call anyone worldwide instantly. Second, AI tools like translation apps help break language barriers. Third, smart home devices free us from chores. Most importantly, medical technology saves lives through advanced treatments. However, technology is a double-edged sword. While it brings convenience, overuse can lead to addiction or reduce face-to-face interaction. In my opinion, we should embrace technology wisely-using it to solve problems but not letting it control us. Let’s enjoy tech’s benefits while staying human! Thank you! 第二节 （满分25分）  However, when Emily opened the box to show her project to the judges, her heart dropped. There, staring back at her, was not the perfectly functioning solar panel she had spent weeks perfecting. Instead, it lay in pieces, some of the delicate components broken and others disconnected. Her mind raced, trying to process what had happened anxiously. How could this be? She had double-checked everything before leaving home. Tears welled up in her eyes, but she quickly blinked them away, knowing that there was no time to lose. The judges were waiting, expecting her to present her groundbreaking work.       She took a deep breath and decided to show them what she had learned from this problem. “Excuse me, everyone”, Emily said, her voice shaking just a little. “What you see here is not a failure, but a lesson.” She talked about the mistake she had made and how she hadn’t thought about how the panel would hold up in real life. “This project,” she went on, “shows us that having good ideas is important, but we also need to make sure they work in the real world.” The judges, who had been looking unhappy, started to nod as they listened. Emily’s honesty and her willingness to learn from her mistake changed the way they felt. Instead of just showing off her project, she was teaching them all an important lesson about how science is about learning from our mistakes and not giving up when things get tough. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试·基础卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 1．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 2．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 3．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了4位著名发明家的事迹。 1．细节理解题。由John Deere中“When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. (当这位铁匠注意到他经常对农民使用的木制和铸铁犁进行同样的维修时，他开始试验更耐用的犁设计，然后卖给当地农民)”可知，不得不经常修理木制和铸铁犁激发了John Deere发明钢犁。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。由Charles Babbage中“Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. (尽管他没有发明我们今天所知的计算机，但他的想法为现代计算机奠定了基础。正因为如此，他经常被称为“计算机之父”)”可知，Charles Babbage被称为“计算机之父”是因为他奠定了现代计算机的基础。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。由Joy Mangano中“If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. (如果你曾经使用过奇迹拖把，那就要感谢Joy Mangano。这位67岁的女士于1990年发明了这种创新的清洁工具，并将其推向市场并出售)”可知，发明奇迹拖把的Joy Mangano让忙碌的父母更容易保持家里的清洁。故选D项。 B Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in biological chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest into the synthesis of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA．At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible. In 1977, he joined Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea’s ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint effort of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this invention to produce the human insulin genes, A and B．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes all over the world. Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine, and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects. Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 76 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science. 4．What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin genes? A．His good luck in his life. B．His curiosity about his study. C．His creative imagination. D．His knowledge of chemistry. 5．What do the underlined words “this invention” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A special way of producing human protein. B．A reliable method for curing people of diabetes. C．A new procedure for improving gene synthesis. D．A simple technique of separating human genes. 6．What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3? A．He won a Nobel Prize. B．He stuck to his scientific research. C．He discovered morphine with his team. D．He retired after making the great discovery. 7．Which of the following best describes Roberto? A．Enthusiastic and generous. B．Courageous and calm. C．Ambitious and patient. D．Devoted and talented. 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Roberto Crea的生平及其在生物技术领域的杰出贡献。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.(当时，研究基因组合的研究人员并不多，但Roberto强大的化学背景使一项历史性的发明成为可能)”可知，是他的化学知识促成了人类胰岛素基因的发明，故选D。 5．词句猜测题。根据第二段“After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.(经过日以继夜的努力，这位天才终于发明了一种改进基因化学合成的新方法)”以及后面说利用这个发明生产人类胰岛素基因可知，“this invention”指的是改进基因合成的新程序，故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.(在发现合成胰岛素后，他的努力并没有停止；事实上，他不仅仅是被驱使着，而且试图在生物技术领域做出更多的贡献)”可知，他在发现合成胰岛素后继续坚持科研，故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint effort of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this invention to produce the human insulin genes, A and B.(得益于他丰富的知识以及杰出的Genentech团队的共同努力，他利用这项发明生产出了人类胰岛素基因A和B)”，第二段“After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.(经过日以继夜的努力，这位天才终于发明了一种改进基因化学合成的新方法)”和最后一段“His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.(在发现合成胰岛素后，他的努力并没有停止；事实上，他不仅仅是被驱使着，而且试图在生物技术领域做出更多的贡献)”可知，他发明了合成胰岛素，且尝试在生物技术领域不断研究做出更多贡献，说明他有才华且专注投入，可用devoted和talented来描述他，故选D。 C A typical large tree can suck up to 40 kilograms of CO2 out of the air over the course of a year. Now scientists at UC Berkeley say they can do the same job with less than half a pound of a yellow powder called COF-999. COF-999 was designed to trap the greenhouse gas, and then release it when it’s ready to be stored away someplace. COF-999 could be used in the kinds of large-scale direct air-capture plants that are starting to come online to reduce the amount of CO2. Keeping the concentration of atmospheric CO2 below 450 parts per million (ppm) is necessary to limit global warming to 2℃ above preindustrial levels and prevent some of the most awful consequences of climate change, scientists say. Klaus Lackner, a scientist at Arizona State University who wasn’t involved in the study, agreed that direct air capture will become an important tool for sequestering carbon (碳封存) and cooling the planet. To test the carbon-clearing capability of COF-999, the researchers packed it into a tube and exposed it to outdoor air in Berkeley for 20 days straight. As the air entered the tube, it contained CO2 in concentrations ranging from 410 ppm to 517 ppm. When it came out the other side, no CO2 was detected. According to its creators, its porous (多孔的) design increases its surface area, which means more places to hold onto CO2 molecules. As a result, it captures CO2 at a rate that is at least 10 times faster than other materials used for direct air capture. Team members have continued to make improvements and are on track to double its capacity within the next year. Another plus is that COF-999 will loosen its hold on the CO2 when heated to about 60℃. Similar materials must be heated to 121℃ to extract carbon. COF-999 is more durable as well. The team had tested a newer version that worked for 300 cycles before the experiment came to an end. “Achieving 300 cycles without any deterioration (退化) suggests that thousands of cycles may be possible,” said Omar Yaghi, the study’s senior author. 8．What is Klaus Lackner’s attitude toward direct air capture technology? A．Neutral. B．Supportive. C．Concerned. D．Skeptical. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．CO2. B．The air. C．COF-999. D．The tube. 10．Why does COF-999 have higher efficiency compared with other materials? A．It’s easier to work on a large scale. B．It can be reused thousands of times. C．Its porous design increases its capacity. D．It requires a higher temperature to extract carbon. 11．What is the text mainly about? A．A new material capturing CO2 efficiently. B．Ways to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels. C．The importance of reducing CO2 emissions. D．The effects of global warming on the environment. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能够高效捕获二氧化碳的新材料COF-999，包括其设计原理、捕获效率、耐用性等方面的特点。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Klaus Lackner, a scientist at Arizona State University who wasn’t involved in the study, agreed that direct air capture will become an important tool for sequestering carbon (碳封存) and cooling the planet. (亚利桑那州立大学的科学家Klaus Lackner没有参与这项研究，但他也认为，直接空气捕获将成为碳封存和给地球降温的重要工具。)”可知，Klaus Lackner对直接空气捕获技术持支持态度。故选B。 9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“To test the carbon-clearing capability of COF-999, the researchers packed it into a tube and exposed it to outdoor air in Berkeley for 20 days straight. (为了测试COF-999的碳清除能力，研究人员将其装入一个试管中，并在伯克利的户外空气中连续暴露了20天。)”以及“When it came out the other side, no CO2 was detected. (当它从另一端出来时，没有检测到二氧化碳。)”可知，此处描述的是将COF-999装入试管后，空气通过试管的情况，当空气从另一端出来时，没有检测到二氧化碳，it指代前文提到的空气。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段“According to its creators, its porous (多孔的) design increases its surface area, which means more places to hold onto CO2 molecules. As a result, it captures CO2 at a rate that is at least 10 times faster than other materials used for direct air capture. (据其创造者称，它的多孔设计增加了其表面积，这意味着有更多的地方可以容纳二氧化碳分子。因此，它捕获二氧化碳的速度至少是其他用于直接空气捕获材料的10倍。)”可知，COF-999与其他材料相比效率更高是因为它的多孔设计增加了其容量。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A typical large tree can suck up to 40 kilograms of CO2 out of the air over the course of a year. Now scientists at UC Berkeley say they can do the same job with less than half a pound of a yellow powder called COF-999. (一棵典型的大树在一年内可以从空气中吸收多达40公斤的二氧化碳。现在，加州大学伯克利分校的科学家表示，他们可以用不到半磅的黄色粉末COF-999完成同样的工作。)”以及全文内容可知，本文围绕新型材料COF-999展开，重点描述其高效吸附CO2的能力（如captures CO2 at a rate that is at least 10 times faster）、可重复利用性（300 cycles without any deterioration）及低温释放特性（heated to about 60℃），并强调其对碳封存的意义，即本文主要介绍了一种能够高效捕获二氧化碳的新材料COF-999。故选A。 D An AI enabling robots to do chores like making the bed or cleaning the floor in homes it has never seen before could allow many more robots to become generally useful, its creators say. Large language models (LLMs) that power tools like ChatGPT have improved robots’ ability to carry out spoken requests. However, most robots work well only in environments in which they have been trained. Now, Sergey Levine at robotics company Physical Intelligence in San Francisco and his colleagues have developed an artificial intelligence model called xo.5 that allows robots to work in real homes that they have never seen before. The model is trained using data from an unusually wide range of sources, including many different kinds of robots working in lab and home settings, as well as plentiful data from the web, such as image and object databases. When Levine and his team tested the AI model on robots they had built using off-the-shelf parts, 97 percent of the training data came from sources other than the robot itself. “Because π0.5 can take full advantage of other data sources, from the web and other kinds of robots, then it can have this broader generalisation,” says Levine. The team tested how well the robots performed when instructed to do chores such as putting plates in the sink, putting shopping away in drawers and placing dirty clothes in a basket. They didn’t work perfectly every time. “When it comes to the practical utility of this model, it’s definitely not there yet, in the sense that this is not a home robot that somebody could buy and put in their home,” says Levine. But he also says that the robots’ performance appears to improve in a predictable way as they are tested in increasing numbers of homes. This trend (趋势) is similar to how language AI performance was found to predictably improve as more data was added. “The videos they show are quite impressive,” says Pedro Lima at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. However, the robots perform their tasks at least five times slower than a human, sometimes taking 10 to 15 minutes to finish, which could be difficult to improve, he says. 12．What is the purpose of writing paragraph 2? A．To provide examples. B．To add backgrounds. C．To make comparisons. D．To support assumptions. 13．What makes the π0.5 model different from traditional models? A．Using data from various sources. B．Working faster than human beings. C．Being tested only in lab environments. D．Relying on self-collected training data. 14．What can we infer about the π0.5 model powered robots from Levine’s words? A．They are suitable for home use now. B．More home tests can help improve them. C．They fail to complete simple housework. D．Web data has little effect on their performance. 15．What is Pedro Lima’s attitude towards the π0.5 model powered robots? A．Negative. B．Confident. C．Objective. D．Unconcerned. 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了旧金山机器人公司 Physical Intelligence的Sergey Levine及其同事开发的人工智能模型π0.5，该模型允许机器人在从未见过的真实家庭环境中工作，并探讨了该模型的优势和面临的挑战。 12．推理判断题。第二段“Large language models (LLMs) that power tools like ChatGPT have improved robots’ ability to carry out spoken requests. However, most robots work well only in environments in which they have been trained.(大型语言模型（LLMs）为ChatGPT等工具提供了动力，提高了机器人执行语音请求的能力。然而，大多数机器人只能在训练有素的环境中工作)”通过描述大型语言模型对机器人执行语音请求能力的提升，以及大多数机器人只能在特定训练环境中工作的现状，为后文介绍新开发的π0.5 模型提供了背景信息。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The model is trained using data from an unusually wide range of sources, including many different kinds of robots working in lab and home settings, as well as plentiful data from the web, such as image and object databases.(该模型使用的数据来源异常广泛，包括在实验室和家庭环境中工作的许多不同类型的机器人，以及来自网络的大量数据，如图像和对象数据库)”可知，π0.5模型与传统模型的主要区别在于它使用了来自各种来源的数据进行训练，包括实验室和家庭环境中的机器人数据以及网络数据，而传统模型可能主要依赖于特定环境下的训练数据。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But he also says that the robots’ performance appears to improve in a predictable way as they are tested in increasing numbers of homes. This trend (趋势) is similar to how language AI performance was found to predictably improve as more data was added.(但他也表示，随着机器人在越来越多的家庭中接受测试，它们的表现似乎以一种可预测的方式得到了改善。这种趋势类似于发现随着添加更多数据，语言人工智能的性能可以预测地提高)”可知，更多的家庭测试有助于改进π0.5 模型驱动的机器人。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘The videos they show are quite impressive,’ says Pedro Lima at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. However, the robots perform their tasks at least five times slower than a human, sometimes taking 10 to 15 minutes to finish, which could be difficult to improve, he says.(‘他们展示的视频令人印象深刻，’葡萄牙里斯本大学的Pedro Lima说。然而，机器人执行任务的速度至少比人类慢五倍，有时需要10到15分钟才能完成，这可能很难改进，他说)”可知，Pedro Lima对π0.5 模型驱动的机器人的态度是客观的，既指出了其令人印象深刻的一面，也指出了其执行任务速度较慢的缺点。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Almost one-third of adults aged 65 and older have never used the Internet, and half don’t have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half need someone else’s help to set up a new digital device. 16 If we do not provide technology access and training to older adults, we shut them out from society, worsening the loneliness among the elderly, which has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to help reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need to access our digital world. There is concern about digital technology use increasing isolation (孤立) among younger populations. 17 This is especially true for those who live far away from family or have lost the loved ones they relied on for social support in their younger years. Elders can use online tools to connect with friends and family even if they can no longer physically visit them. We need programs to improve older adults’ use of technology and confidence in key digital skills. 18 They also need to have tech support call lines tailored to older adults less familiar with the Internet. To be sure, many older adults express a lack of interest in technology. 19 Appropriate training can help to overcome these fears and generate interest. With greater investment in providing accessible devices and digital training, technology has the potential to become a powerful tool for reducing loneliness among older adults, empowering them to connect, create, and contribute online. 20 A．This probably results from a fear of it. B．Technology is surely significant to the society. C．As one elder put it, “It’s time to catch up and join the world.” D．However, it’s not certain that this isolation will appear or not. E．Technology companies should design devices specifically for elders. F．However, the connection that is possible online can be valuable for older adults. G．Mastering digital technology is a key aspect of senior citizens’ participation in society. 【答案】16．G 17．F 18．E 19．A 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出老年人数字技术使用现状，强调其掌握数字技术对融入社会的重要性及相关措施。 16．由上文“Almost one-third of adults aged 65 and older have never used the Internet...nearly half need someone else’s help to set up a new digital device.(65岁及以上的成年人中，近三分之一从未使用过互联网，一半人家里没有网络。在使用互联网的人中，近一半需要他人帮助来设置新数字设备。)”可知，此处呈现老年人数字技术使用的现状。空格后提到“If we do not provide technology access and training to older adults, we shut them out from society, worsening the loneliness among the elderly, which has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death.(如果我们不为老年人提供技术获取和培训，我们就会把他们排除在社会之外，加剧老年人的孤独感，这与抑郁症、功能衰退和死亡有关。)”，这里强调数字技术对老年人融入社会的重要性。G项Mastering digital technology is a key aspect of senior citizens’ participation in society.)掌握数字技术是老年人参与社会的关键方面。)既承接了上文老年人的技术困境，又引出后文“不提供技术支持的后果”，其中“participation in society”与后文“shut them out from society”形成正反呼应。故选G项。 17．上文提到“There is concern about digital technology use increasing isolation among younger populations.(有人担心数字技术的使用会加剧年轻群体的孤立。)”，指出对年轻人的担忧。空格后“This is especially true for those who live far away from family or have lost the loved ones they relied on for social support in their younger years.(对于那些远离家人或失去了年轻时赖以获得社会支持的亲人的人来说尤其如此。)”，转而说明数字技术对老年人的积极意义。F项However, the connection that is possible online can be valuable for older adults.(然而，在线连接对老年人可能极具价值。)用However转折，将话题从年轻人转向老年人，“connection online”与后文“use online tools to connect”直接呼应，符合上下文逻辑。故选F项。 18．段落首句指出“We need programs to improve older adults’ use of technology and confidence in key digital skills.(我们需要项目来提升老年人的技术使用和对关键数字技能的信心。)”，这里强调需求。空格后“They also need to have tech support call lines tailored to older adults less familiar with the Internet.(他们还需要为不太熟悉互联网的老年人量身定制技术支持电话线。)”，用also引出具体措施。E项Technology companies should design devices specifically for elders.(科技公司应专门为老年人设计设备。)与后文“tech support call lines”并列，同为提升老年人数字技能的具体方案，“design devices specifically”对应“tailored to older adults”，形成逻辑上的并列递进。故选E项。 19．上文提到“many older adults express a lack of interest in technology.(许多老年人对技术缺乏兴趣。)”，说明现象。空格后“Appropriate training can help to overcome these fears and generate interest.(适当的培训可帮助克服这些恐惧并激发兴趣。)”，提到“fears(恐惧)”这一原因。A项This probably results from a fear of it.(这可能源于对技术的恐惧。) 中“results from a fear”与后文“overcome these fears”形成因果呼应，解释了老年人缺乏兴趣的原因，其中it指代前文technology。故选A项。 20．空格位于文末，前文强调“With greater investment in providing accessible devices and digital training, technology has the potential to become a powerful tool for reducing loneliness among older adults, empowering them to connect, create, and contribute online. (随着对提供无障碍设备和数字培训的更多投资，技术有可能成为减少老年人孤独感的有力工具，使他们能够在线连接、创造和贡献。)”，阐述技术对老年人的积极影响。C项As one elder put it, “It’s time to catch up and join the world.”(正如一位老人所说：“是时候赶上并融入世界了。”) 用老人的引言进一步佐证前文观点，“catch up and join the world”与“connect, create, and contribute online”形成语义呼应，以具体实例收束全文，增强说服力。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast. He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 21 for more than 50 years. In Glasgow, Thomson 22 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 23 , particularly electromagnetism (电磁学) and thermodynamics (热力学). 24 Faraday (法拉第), he was responsible for the introduction of the 25 of an electromagnetic field where Thomson developed the work of the 26 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 27 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature — the scale based on this is named 28 him. Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science. He achieved 29 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 30 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866,for which he was knighted in 1866. His 31 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 32 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 33 by electric light. Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 34 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 35 in Westminster Abbey. 21．A．sought B．convinced C．admired D．held 22．A．took up B．broke up C．set up D．blew up 23．A．fields B．countries C．labs D．colleges 24．A．In spite of B．Except for C．Together with D．Regardless of 25．A．command B．condition C．contract D．concept 26．A．learners B．pioneers C．competitors D．enemies 27．A．important B．domestic C．fortunate D．positive 28．A．for B．with C．after D．on 29．A．aspect B．fame C．contribution D．enthusiasm 30．A．considered B．attracted C．employed D．accused 31．A．hobby B．desire C．success D．interest 32．A．operate B．invent C．control D．produce 33．A．lit B．built C．decorated D．equipped 34．A．title B．name C．honor D．award 35．A．preserved B．respected C．admitted D．buried 【答案】 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了开尔文勋爵——威廉·汤姆森的生平及其在科学领域的贡献，包括他在电磁学、热力学等方面的开创性工作，以及他在实际应用科学中的成就。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1846年，他成为格拉斯哥大学的自然哲学教授，这个职位他担任了50多年。A. sought寻求；B. convinced说服；C. admired钦佩；D. held担任。根据前文“In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow”和后文“for more than 50 years”可知，汤姆森担任教授职位长达50多年。故选D项。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在格拉斯哥，汤姆森建立了英国第一个物理实验室。A. took up开始从事；B. broke up分手；C. set up建立；D. blew up爆炸。根据后文“the first physics laboratory in Britain”可知，此处指汤姆森是“建立”了英国首个物理实验室。故选C项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是许多不同领域的先驱，特别是电磁学和热力学。A. fields领域；B. countries国家；C. labs实验室；D. colleges学院。根据后文“particularly electromagnetism and thermodynamics”可知，电磁学和热力学属于科学的不同领域。故选A项。 24．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他与法拉第共同促成了电磁场概念的引入，在此过程中，汤姆森拓展了该领域先驱尼古拉・卡诺和詹姆斯・焦耳的研究成果。A. In spite of尽管；B. Except for除了；C. Together with与……一起；D. Regardless of不管。根据后文“he was responsible for the introduction of the concept of an electromagnetic field”可知，汤姆森和法拉第共同推动了电磁场概念的引入，强调合作。故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他与法拉第共同促成了电磁场概念的引入，在此过程中，汤姆森拓展了该领域先驱尼古拉・卡诺和詹姆斯・焦耳的研究成果。A. command命令；B. condition条件；C. contract合同；D. concept概念。根据后文“of an electromagnetic field”可知，电磁场是一个科学概念。故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他与法拉第共同促成了电磁场概念的引入，在此过程中，汤姆森拓展了该领域先驱尼古拉・卡诺和詹姆斯・焦耳的研究成果。A. learners学习者；B. pioneers先驱；C. competitors竞争者；D. enemies敌人。根据后文“Nicolas Carnot and James Joule”可知，这些都是电磁学领域的先驱人物。故选B项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的研究工作最重要的成果之一是提出了绝对零度的概念 —— 基于此概念制定的温标以他的名字命名。A. important重要的；B. domestic国内的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“his idea of an absolute zero of temperature”可知，绝对零度的提出是科学史上“重要的”成果。故选A项。 28．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他的研究工作最重要的成果之一是提出了绝对零度的概念 —— 基于此概念制定的温标以他的名字命名。A. for为了；B. with和；C. after以……命名；D. on在……上。根据“One of the most 　　7　　 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature — the scale based on this is named 　　8　　 him.”可知，温度单位是以汤姆森的名字命名的，固定搭配“named after”，表示“以……命名”。故选C项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他因在海底电报领域的研究工作而成名，这在当时是一个重大的实际问题。A. aspect方面；B. fame名声；C. contribution贡献；D. enthusiasm热情。根据后文“He was 　　10　　 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866,for which he was knighted in 1866.”可知，汤姆森因贡献被封爵，说明他获得了名声。故选B项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1857-1858年和1865-1866年铺设大西洋电报电缆时，他被聘为科学顾问。A. considered考虑；B. attracted吸引；C. employed雇佣、聘请；D. accused指控。根据后文“as a scientific adviser”可知，汤姆森被聘为科学顾问。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣还促使他研制出一种航海罗盘，并发明了潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. hobby爱好；B. desire欲望；C. success成功；D. interest兴趣。根据后文“also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 　　12　　 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment.”可知，汤姆森对海洋问题的“兴趣”促使他发明航海设备。故选D项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣还促使他研制出一种航海罗盘，并发明了潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. operate操作；B. invent发明；C. control控制；D. produce生产。根据前文“develop a mariners’ compass”和后文“a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment”可知，这些都是他发明的设备。故选B项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发明了许多电子仪器，他在格拉斯哥的房子是第一所用电力照明的房子。A. lit照亮；B. built建造；C. decorated装饰；D. equipped装备。根据后文“by electric light”可知，房子被电灯照亮。故选A项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1892年，汤姆森被授予拉尔格斯开尔文男爵的头衔。A. title头衔；B. name名字；C. honor荣誉；D. award奖励。根据后文“Baron Kelvin of Largs”可知，这是授予的贵族头衔。故选A项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他于1907年12月17日在苏格兰艾尔郡去世，被安葬在威斯敏斯特教堂。A. preserved保存；B. respected尊重；C. admitted承认；D. buried埋葬。根据后文“in Westminster Abbey”可知，汤姆森去世后被“安葬”在威斯敏斯特教堂，故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In March 2025, China made great 36 (achieve) in different fields. The Ministry of Education launched the “Spring Employment Promotion Action” for the 2025 college graduating class, a well-designed program 37 (aim) at helping them find jobs easily. This action included various strategies, 38 organizing job fairs and offering career guidance. At the same time, the launch of communication technology test satellite No. 15 was 39 huge success. This launch not only represented a breakthrough in our nation’s space endeavors but also 40 (mark) a big step forward in the aerospace industry, 41 (show) the results of years research. Scientists completed the global-first mapping of the deepest ocean ecosystem with the “Striver” manned submersible (潜水器), 42 revealed the unique ways abyssal life adapts. In addition, 43 (China) largest ultra-deep oil and gas production base, the Tarim Oilfield, had cumulatively produced 150 million tons of oil and gas equivalent from deep formations. These remarkable events show the continuous progress of China, bringing more hope and confidence to the future. They also inspire young people 44 (work) hard and contribute to the nation’s development, ensuring that China 45 (steady) moves forward in various aspects. 【答案】 36．achievements 37．aimed 38．like 39．a 40．marked 41．showing 42．which 43．China’s 44．to work 45．steadily 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了2025年3月，中国在不同领域取得的巨大成就，包括教育部启动“春季促就业攻坚行动”、通信技术试验卫星15号的发射取得了巨大成功以及塔里木油田超深层油气产量飙升至1.5亿吨。 36．考查名词复数。句意：2025年3月，中国在不同领域取得了巨大成就。空处作宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应用名词形式achievement，结合“in different fields”可知应用名词复数形式。故填achievements。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部针对2025年应届毕业生启动了“春季促就业攻坚行动”，这是一个精心设计的项目，旨在帮助他们轻松就业。be aimed at doing sth“旨在做某事，目的是做某事”，此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰program。故填aimed。 38．考查介词。句意：这一行动包括各种策略，如组织招聘会和提供职业指导。空后表示列举，应用介词like“例如，像”。故填like。 39．考查冠词。句意：与此同时，通信技术试验卫星15号的发射取得了巨大成功。success此处表示“一件成功的事”，为可数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰。故填a。 40．考查一般过去时。句意：这次发射不仅代表了我国航天事业的突破，而且标志着航天工业向前迈出了一大步，展示了多年研究的成果。not only…but also…“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分，故空处和represented并列，应用过去式。故填marked。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。show和逻辑主语launch之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语。故填showing。 42．考查定语从句。句意：科学家利用“奋斗者号”载人潜水器完成了全球首次深海生态系统的测绘，揭示了深海生物独特的适应方式。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 43．考查名词所有格。句意：此外，中国最大的超深层油气生产基地——塔里木油田，深层油气藏累计产量达1.5亿吨油气当量。空处修饰名词短语ultra-deep oil and gas production base，应填名词所有格形式。故填China’s。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还激励年轻人努力工作，为国家的发展做出贡献，确保中国在各方面稳步前进。根据inspire sb to do sth“激励某人做某事”可知，此处使用不定式形式作宾补。故填to work。 45．考查副词。句意：同上。空处修饰动词moves，应用steady副词形式steadily意为“稳步地”。故填steadily。 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．你校英语社团拟举办主题为“科技与生活”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1.科技如何改变生活； 2.你的看法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.题目已给出，不计入总词数。 Technology and Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Technology and Life Today, I am honored to deliver a speech with the theme of “Technology and Life”. Technology has greatly improved our daily life in many ways. First, smartphones and the internet make communication faster — we can video call anyone worldwide instantly. Second, AI tools like translation apps help break language barriers. Third, smart home devices free us from chores. Most importantly, medical technology saves lives through advanced treatments. However, technology is a double-edged sword. While it brings convenience, overuse can lead to addiction or reduce face-to-face interaction. In my opinion, we should embrace technology wisely-using it to solve problems but not letting it control us. Let’s enjoy tech’s benefits while staying human! Thank you! 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生以“科技与生活”为主题，写一篇演讲稿参加演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 许多的：many→a number of 帮助：help→assist 导致：lead to→result in 在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I’m concerned 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today, I am honored to deliver a speech with the theme of “Technology and Life”. 拓展句：Today, I am honored to deliver a speech whose theme is “Technology and Life”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] While it brings convenience, overuse can lead to addiction or reduce face-to-face interaction（运用了while引导让步状语从句） [高分句型2] Let’s enjoy tech’s benefits while staying human!（运用了省略句） 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny day in Green Valley, the kind of day that made the town’s name seem particularly fitting. The streets were busy with activities as people went about their businesses, the laughter of children playing in the park mixing with the distant noise of traffic. High school student Emily was walking to school from home, her mind filled with thoughts of the upcoming science fair. She had been working on her project for weeks, pouring her heart and soul into it, and today was the day she would present it to the judges. Her project was about renewable energy, focusing on a novel solar panel (太阳能板) design that could potentially increase efficiency by 30%. She was confident that it would impress everyone, not just because of its scientific advantages, but because it represented a step towards a greener future. Emily had spent countless hours researching, experimenting, and perfecting her project. She had even managed to get a small fund from the local community government, which allowed her to purchase some of the more expensive materials needed for her project. Her classmates, teachers, and even her parents were all excited to see the results of her hard work. As she walked, she mentally rehearsed (预演) her presentation, making sure she had all the key points memorized and that her explanations were clear and accurate. The science fair was not just an academic competition for Emily, it was also a platform to showcase her passion for environmental sustainability. She knew that the judges would be looking for innovation, practicality, and a deep understanding of the scientific principles involved. She was ready to prove that she had all of these in her model. With each step, her excitement grew, and she could hardly wait to show her project to the world. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, when Emily opened the box to show her project to the judges, her heart dropped. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She took a deep breath and decided to show them what she had learned from this problem. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】       However, when Emily opened the box to show her project to the judges, her heart dropped. There, staring back at her, was not the perfectly functioning solar panel she had spent weeks perfecting. Instead, it lay in pieces, some of the delicate components broken and others disconnected. Her mind raced, trying to process what had happened anxiously. How could this be? She had double-checked everything before leaving home. Tears welled up in her eyes, but she quickly blinked them away, knowing that there was no time to lose. The judges were waiting, expecting her to present her groundbreaking work.       She took a deep breath and decided to show them what she had learned from this problem. “Excuse me, everyone”, Emily said, her voice shaking just a little. “What you see here is not a failure, but a lesson.” She talked about the mistake she had made and how she hadn’t thought about how the panel would hold up in real life. “This project,” she went on, “shows us that having good ideas is important, but we also need to make sure they work in the real world.” The judges, who had been looking unhappy, started to nod as they listened. Emily’s honesty and her willingness to learn from her mistake changed the way they felt. Instead of just showing off her project, she was teaching them all an important lesson about how science is about learning from our mistakes and not giving up when things get tough. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了高中生艾米丽带着精心准备数周、关乎可再生能源的太阳能板项目去参加学校科技展，满怀期待却在向评委展示时发现作品损坏，随后她迅速调整心态应对的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “然而，当艾米丽打开盒子向评委们展示她的项目时，她的心都掉下来了。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：艾米丽发现作品损坏了。 ②由第二段首句内容 “她深吸一口气，决定向他们展示她从这个问题中学到了什么。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：艾米丽对本次经历进行总结，评委们对艾米丽的表现展开讨论，最终认可了她在困境中展现出的科学态度。 2.续写线索：作品损坏后艾米丽冷静解释原因 —— 评委聆听提问 —— 艾米丽阐述收获 —— 评委认可评价 —— 艾米丽坚定决心 3.词汇激活 行为类： 发生：happen /take place/occur 期待：expect/anticipate 说：say /utter 情绪类： 焦虑地：anxiously/in anxiety 不高兴的：unhappy/displeased 【点睛】[高分句型 1]Her mind raced, trying to process what had happened anxiously.（运用了现在分词作状语和what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型 2]The judges were waiting, expecting her to present her groundbreaking work.（运用了现在分词作状语和不定式作宾补） [高分句型 3]The judges, who had been looking unhappy, started to nod as they listened.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句和as引导的时间状语从语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试·基础卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 1．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 2．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 3．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. B Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in biological chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest into the synthesis of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA．At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible. In 1977, he joined Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea’s ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint effort of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this invention to produce the human insulin genes, A and B．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes all over the world. Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine, and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects. Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 76 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science. 4．What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin genes? A．His good luck in his life. B．His curiosity about his study. C．His creative imagination. D．His knowledge of chemistry. 5．What do the underlined words “this invention” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A special way of producing human protein. B．A reliable method for curing people of diabetes. C．A new procedure for improving gene synthesis. D．A simple technique of separating human genes. 6．What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3? A．He won a Nobel Prize. B．He stuck to his scientific research. C．He discovered morphine with his team. D．He retired after making the great discovery. 7．Which of the following best describes Roberto? A．Enthusiastic and generous. B．Courageous and calm. C．Ambitious and patient. D．Devoted and talented. C A typical large tree can suck up to 40 kilograms of CO2 out of the air over the course of a year. Now scientists at UC Berkeley say they can do the same job with less than half a pound of a yellow powder called COF-999. COF-999 was designed to trap the greenhouse gas, and then release it when it’s ready to be stored away someplace. COF-999 could be used in the kinds of large-scale direct air-capture plants that are starting to come online to reduce the amount of CO2. Keeping the concentration of atmospheric CO2 below 450 parts per million (ppm) is necessary to limit global warming to 2℃ above preindustrial levels and prevent some of the most awful consequences of climate change, scientists say. Klaus Lackner, a scientist at Arizona State University who wasn’t involved in the study, agreed that direct air capture will become an important tool for sequestering carbon (碳封存) and cooling the planet. To test the carbon-clearing capability of COF-999, the researchers packed it into a tube and exposed it to outdoor air in Berkeley for 20 days straight. As the air entered the tube, it contained CO2 in concentrations ranging from 410 ppm to 517 ppm. When it came out the other side, no CO2 was detected. According to its creators, its porous (多孔的) design increases its surface area, which means more places to hold onto CO2 molecules. As a result, it captures CO2 at a rate that is at least 10 times faster than other materials used for direct air capture. Team members have continued to make improvements and are on track to double its capacity within the next year. Another plus is that COF-999 will loosen its hold on the CO2 when heated to about 60℃. Similar materials must be heated to 121℃ to extract carbon. COF-999 is more durable as well. The team had tested a newer version that worked for 300 cycles before the experiment came to an end. “Achieving 300 cycles without any deterioration (退化) suggests that thousands of cycles may be possible,” said Omar Yaghi, the study’s senior author. 8．What is Klaus Lackner’s attitude toward direct air capture technology? A．Neutral. B．Supportive. C．Concerned. D．Skeptical. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．CO2. B．The air. C．COF-999. D．The tube. 10．Why does COF-999 have higher efficiency compared with other materials? A．It’s easier to work on a large scale. B．It can be reused thousands of times. C．Its porous design increases its capacity. D．It requires a higher temperature to extract carbon. 11．What is the text mainly about? A．A new material capturing CO2 efficiently. B．Ways to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels. C．The importance of reducing CO2 emissions. D．The effects of global warming on the environment. D An AI enabling robots to do chores like making the bed or cleaning the floor in homes it has never seen before could allow many more robots to become generally useful, its creators say. Large language models (LLMs) that power tools like ChatGPT have improved robots’ ability to carry out spoken requests. However, most robots work well only in environments in which they have been trained. Now, Sergey Levine at robotics company Physical Intelligence in San Francisco and his colleagues have developed an artificial intelligence model called xo.5 that allows robots to work in real homes that they have never seen before. The model is trained using data from an unusually wide range of sources, including many different kinds of robots working in lab and home settings, as well as plentiful data from the web, such as image and object databases. When Levine and his team tested the AI model on robots they had built using off-the-shelf parts, 97 percent of the training data came from sources other than the robot itself. “Because π0.5 can take full advantage of other data sources, from the web and other kinds of robots, then it can have this broader generalisation,” says Levine. The team tested how well the robots performed when instructed to do chores such as putting plates in the sink, putting shopping away in drawers and placing dirty clothes in a basket. They didn’t work perfectly every time. “When it comes to the practical utility of this model, it’s definitely not there yet, in the sense that this is not a home robot that somebody could buy and put in their home,” says Levine. But he also says that the robots’ performance appears to improve in a predictable way as they are tested in increasing numbers of homes. This trend (趋势) is similar to how language AI performance was found to predictably improve as more data was added. “The videos they show are quite impressive,” says Pedro Lima at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. However, the robots perform their tasks at least five times slower than a human, sometimes taking 10 to 15 minutes to finish, which could be difficult to improve, he says. 12．What is the purpose of writing paragraph 2? A．To provide examples. B．To add backgrounds. C．To make comparisons. D．To support assumptions. 13．What makes the π0.5 model different from traditional models? A．Using data from various sources. B．Working faster than human beings. C．Being tested only in lab environments. D．Relying on self-collected training data. 14．What can we infer about the π0.5 model powered robots from Levine’s words? A．They are suitable for home use now. B．More home tests can help improve them. C．They fail to complete simple housework. D．Web data has little effect on their performance. 15．What is Pedro Lima’s attitude towards the π0.5 model powered robots? A．Negative. B．Confident. C．Objective. D．Unconcerned. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Almost one-third of adults aged 65 and older have never used the Internet, and half don’t have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half need someone else’s help to set up a new digital device. 16 If we do not provide technology access and training to older adults, we shut them out from society, worsening the loneliness among the elderly, which has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to help reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need to access our digital world. There is concern about digital technology use increasing isolation (孤立) among younger populations. 17 This is especially true for those who live far away from family or have lost the loved ones they relied on for social support in their younger years. Elders can use online tools to connect with friends and family even if they can no longer physically visit them. We need programs to improve older adults’ use of technology and confidence in key digital skills. 18 They also need to have tech support call lines tailored to older adults less familiar with the Internet. To be sure, many older adults express a lack of interest in technology. 19 Appropriate training can help to overcome these fears and generate interest. With greater investment in providing accessible devices and digital training, technology has the potential to become a powerful tool for reducing loneliness among older adults, empowering them to connect, create, and contribute online. 20 A．This probably results from a fear of it. B．Technology is surely significant to the society. C．As one elder put it, “It’s time to catch up and join the world.” D．However, it’s not certain that this isolation will appear or not. E．Technology companies should design devices specifically for elders. F．However, the connection that is possible online can be valuable for older adults. G．Mastering digital technology is a key aspect of senior citizens’ participation in society. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast. He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 21 for more than 50 years. In Glasgow, Thomson 22 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 23 , particularly electromagnetism (电磁学) and thermodynamics (热力学). 24 Faraday (法拉第), he was responsible for the introduction of the 25 of an electromagnetic field where Thomson developed the work of the 26 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 27 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature — the scale based on this is named 28 him. Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science. He achieved 29 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 30 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866,for which he was knighted in 1866. His 31 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 32 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 33 by electric light. Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 34 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 35 in Westminster Abbey. 21．A．sought B．convinced C．admired D．held 22．A．took up B．broke up C．set up D．blew up 23．A．fields B．countries C．labs D．colleges 24．A．In spite of B．Except for C．Together with D．Regardless of 25．A．command B．condition C．contract D．concept 26．A．learners B．pioneers C．competitors D．enemies 27．A．important B．domestic C．fortunate D．positive 28．A．for B．with C．after D．on 29．A．aspect B．fame C．contribution D．enthusiasm 30．A．considered B．attracted C．employed D．accused 31．A．hobby B．desire C．success D．interest 32．A．operate B．invent C．control D．produce 33．A．lit B．built C．decorated D．equipped 34．A．title B．name C．honor D．award 35．A．preserved B．respected C．admitted D．buried 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In March 2025, China made great 36 (achieve) in different fields. The Ministry of Education launched the “Spring Employment Promotion Action” for the 2025 college graduating class, a well-designed program 37 (aim) at helping them find jobs easily. This action included various strategies, 38 organizing job fairs and offering career guidance. At the same time, the launch of communication technology test satellite No. 15 was 39 huge success. This launch not only represented a breakthrough in our nation’s space endeavors but also 40 (mark) a big step forward in the aerospace industry, 41 (show) the results of years research. Scientists completed the global-first mapping of the deepest ocean ecosystem with the “Striver” manned submersible (潜水器), 42 revealed the unique ways abyssal life adapts. In addition, 43 (China) largest ultra-deep oil and gas production base, the Tarim Oilfield, had cumulatively produced 150 million tons of oil and gas equivalent from deep formations. These remarkable events show the continuous progress of China, bringing more hope and confidence to the future. They also inspire young people 44 (work) hard and contribute to the nation’s development, ensuring that China 45 (steady) moves forward in various aspects. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．你校英语社团拟举办主题为“科技与生活”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1.科技如何改变生活； 2.你的看法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.题目已给出，不计入总词数。 Technology and Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny day in Green Valley, the kind of day that made the town’s name seem particularly fitting. The streets were busy with activities as people went about their businesses, the laughter of children playing in the park mixing with the distant noise of traffic. High school student Emily was walking to school from home, her mind filled with thoughts of the upcoming science fair. She had been working on her project for weeks, pouring her heart and soul into it, and today was the day she would present it to the judges. Her project was about renewable energy, focusing on a novel solar panel (太阳能板) design that could potentially increase efficiency by 30%. She was confident that it would impress everyone, not just because of its scientific advantages, but because it represented a step towards a greener future. Emily had spent countless hours researching, experimenting, and perfecting her project. She had even managed to get a small fund from the local community government, which allowed her to purchase some of the more expensive materials needed for her project. Her classmates, teachers, and even her parents were all excited to see the results of her hard work. As she walked, she mentally rehearsed (预演) her presentation, making sure she had all the key points memorized and that her explanations were clear and accurate. The science fair was not just an academic competition for Emily, it was also a platform to showcase her passion for environmental sustainability. She knew that the judges would be looking for innovation, practicality, and a deep understanding of the scientific principles involved. She was ready to prove that she had all of these in her model. With each step, her excitement grew, and she could hardly wait to show her project to the world. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, when Emily opened the box to show her project to the judges, her heart dropped. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She took a deep breath and decided to show them what she had learned from this problem. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试·基础卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 1．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 2．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 3．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. B Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in biological chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest into the synthesis of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA．At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible. In 1977, he joined Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea’s ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint effort of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this invention to produce the human insulin genes, A and B．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes all over the world. Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine, and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects. Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 76 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science. 4．What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin genes? A．His good luck in his life. B．His curiosity about his study. C．His creative imagination. D．His knowledge of chemistry. 5．What do the underlined words “this invention” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A special way of producing human protein. B．A reliable method for curing people of diabetes. C．A new procedure for improving gene synthesis. D．A simple technique of separating human genes. 6．What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3? A．He won a Nobel Prize. B．He stuck to his scientific research. C．He discovered morphine with his team. D．He retired after making the great discovery. 7．Which of the following best describes Roberto? A．Enthusiastic and generous. B．Courageous and calm. C．Ambitious and patient. D．Devoted and talented. C A typical large tree can suck up to 40 kilograms of CO2 out of the air over the course of a year. Now scientists at UC Berkeley say they can do the same job with less than half a pound of a yellow powder called COF-999. COF-999 was designed to trap the greenhouse gas, and then release it when it’s ready to be stored away someplace. COF-999 could be used in the kinds of large-scale direct air-capture plants that are starting to come online to reduce the amount of CO2. Keeping the concentration of atmospheric CO2 below 450 parts per million (ppm) is necessary to limit global warming to 2℃ above preindustrial levels and prevent some of the most awful consequences of climate change, scientists say. Klaus Lackner, a scientist at Arizona State University who wasn’t involved in the study, agreed that direct air capture will become an important tool for sequestering carbon (碳封存) and cooling the planet. To test the carbon-clearing capability of COF-999, the researchers packed it into a tube and exposed it to outdoor air in Berkeley for 20 days straight. As the air entered the tube, it contained CO2 in concentrations ranging from 410 ppm to 517 ppm. When it came out the other side, no CO2 was detected. According to its creators, its porous (多孔的) design increases its surface area, which means more places to hold onto CO2 molecules. As a result, it captures CO2 at a rate that is at least 10 times faster than other materials used for direct air capture. Team members have continued to make improvements and are on track to double its capacity within the next year. Another plus is that COF-999 will loosen its hold on the CO2 when heated to about 60℃. Similar materials must be heated to 121℃ to extract carbon. COF-999 is more durable as well. The team had tested a newer version that worked for 300 cycles before the experiment came to an end. “Achieving 300 cycles without any deterioration (退化) suggests that thousands of cycles may be possible,” said Omar Yaghi, the study’s senior author. 8．What is Klaus Lackner’s attitude toward direct air capture technology? A．Neutral. B．Supportive. C．Concerned. D．Skeptical. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．CO2. B．The air. C．COF-999. D．The tube. 10．Why does COF-999 have higher efficiency compared with other materials? A．It’s easier to work on a large scale. B．It can be reused thousands of times. C．Its porous design increases its capacity. D．It requires a higher temperature to extract carbon. 11．What is the text mainly about? A．A new material capturing CO2 efficiently. B．Ways to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels. C．The importance of reducing CO2 emissions. D．The effects of global warming on the environment. D An AI enabling robots to do chores like making the bed or cleaning the floor in homes it has never seen before could allow many more robots to become generally useful, its creators say. Large language models (LLMs) that power tools like ChatGPT have improved robots’ ability to carry out spoken requests. However, most robots work well only in environments in which they have been trained. Now, Sergey Levine at robotics company Physical Intelligence in San Francisco and his colleagues have developed an artificial intelligence model called xo.5 that allows robots to work in real homes that they have never seen before. The model is trained using data from an unusually wide range of sources, including many different kinds of robots working in lab and home settings, as well as plentiful data from the web, such as image and object databases. When Levine and his team tested the AI model on robots they had built using off-the-shelf parts, 97 percent of the training data came from sources other than the robot itself. “Because π0.5 can take full advantage of other data sources, from the web and other kinds of robots, then it can have this broader generalisation,” says Levine. The team tested how well the robots performed when instructed to do chores such as putting plates in the sink, putting shopping away in drawers and placing dirty clothes in a basket. They didn’t work perfectly every time. “When it comes to the practical utility of this model, it’s definitely not there yet, in the sense that this is not a home robot that somebody could buy and put in their home,” says Levine. But he also says that the robots’ performance appears to improve in a predictable way as they are tested in increasing numbers of homes. This trend (趋势) is similar to how language AI performance was found to predictably improve as more data was added. “The videos they show are quite impressive,” says Pedro Lima at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. However, the robots perform their tasks at least five times slower than a human, sometimes taking 10 to 15 minutes to finish, which could be difficult to improve, he says. 12．What is the purpose of writing paragraph 2? A．To provide examples. B．To add backgrounds. C．To make comparisons. D．To support assumptions. 13．What makes the π0.5 model different from traditional models? A．Using data from various sources. B．Working faster than human beings. C．Being tested only in lab environments. D．Relying on self-collected training data. 14．What can we infer about the π0.5 model powered robots from Levine’s words? A．They are suitable for home use now. B．More home tests can help improve them. C．They fail to complete simple housework. D．Web data has little effect on their performance. 15．What is Pedro Lima’s attitude towards the π0.5 model powered robots? A．Negative. B．Confident. C．Objective. D．Unconcerned. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Almost one-third of adults aged 65 and older have never used the Internet, and half don’t have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half need someone else’s help to set up a new digital device. 16 If we do not provide technology access and training to older adults, we shut them out from society, worsening the loneliness among the elderly, which has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to help reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need to access our digital world. There is concern about digital technology use increasing isolation (孤立) among younger populations. 17 This is especially true for those who live far away from family or have lost the loved ones they relied on for social support in their younger years. Elders can use online tools to connect with friends and family even if they can no longer physically visit them. We need programs to improve older adults’ use of technology and confidence in key digital skills. 18 They also need to have tech support call lines tailored to older adults less familiar with the Internet. To be sure, many older adults express a lack of interest in technology. 19 Appropriate training can help to overcome these fears and generate interest. With greater investment in providing accessible devices and digital training, technology has the potential to become a powerful tool for reducing loneliness among older adults, empowering them to connect, create, and contribute online. 20 A．This probably results from a fear of it. B．Technology is surely significant to the society. C．As one elder put it, “It’s time to catch up and join the world.” D．However, it’s not certain that this isolation will appear or not. E．Technology companies should design devices specifically for elders. F．However, the connection that is possible online can be valuable for older adults. G．Mastering digital technology is a key aspect of senior citizens’ participation in society. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast. He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 21 for more than 50 years. In Glasgow, Thomson 22 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 23 , particularly electromagnetism (电磁学) and thermodynamics (热力学). 24 Faraday (法拉第), he was responsible for the introduction of the 25 of an electromagnetic field where Thomson developed the work of the 26 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 27 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature — the scale based on this is named 28 him. Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science. He achieved 29 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 30 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866,for which he was knighted in 1866. His 31 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 32 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 33 by electric light. Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 34 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 35 in Westminster Abbey. 21．A．sought B．convinced C．admired D．held 22．A．took up B．broke up C．set up D．blew up 23．A．fields B．countries C．labs D．colleges 24．A．In spite of B．Except for C．Together with D．Regardless of 25．A．command B．condition C．contract D．concept 26．A．learners B．pioneers C．competitors D．enemies 27．A．important B．domestic C．fortunate D．positive 28．A．for B．with C．after D．on 29．A．aspect B．fame C．contribution D．enthusiasm 30．A．considered B．attracted C．employed D．accused 31．A．hobby B．desire C．success D．interest 32．A．operate B．invent C．control D．produce 33．A．lit B．built C．decorated D．equipped 34．A．title B．name C．honor D．award 35．A．preserved B．respected C．admitted D．buried 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In March 2025, China made great 36 (achieve) in different fields. The Ministry of Education launched the “Spring Employment Promotion Action” for the 2025 college graduating class, a well-designed program 37 (aim) at helping them find jobs easily. This action included various strategies, 38 organizing job fairs and offering career guidance. At the same time, the launch of communication technology test satellite No. 15 was 39 huge success. This launch not only represented a breakthrough in our nation’s space endeavors but also 40 (mark) a big step forward in the aerospace industry, 41 (show) the results of years research. Scientists completed the global-first mapping of the deepest ocean ecosystem with the “Striver” manned submersible (潜水器), 42 revealed the unique ways abyssal life adapts. In addition, 43 (China) largest ultra-deep oil and gas production base, the Tarim Oilfield, had cumulatively produced 150 million tons of oil and gas equivalent from deep formations. These remarkable events show the continuous progress of China, bringing more hope and confidence to the future. They also inspire young people 44 (work) hard and contribute to the nation’s development, ensuring that China 45 (steady) moves forward in various aspects. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．你校英语社团拟举办主题为“科技与生活”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1.科技如何改变生活； 2.你的看法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.题目已给出，不计入总词数。 Technology and Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny day in Green Valley, the kind of day that made the town’s name seem particularly fitting. The streets were busy with activities as people went about their businesses, the laughter of children playing in the park mixing with the distant noise of traffic. High school student Emily was walking to school from home, her mind filled with thoughts of the upcoming science fair. She had been working on her project for weeks, pouring her heart and soul into it, and today was the day she would present it to the judges. Her project was about renewable energy, focusing on a novel solar panel (太阳能板) design that could potentially increase efficiency by 30%. She was confident that it would impress everyone, not just because of its scientific advantages, but because it represented a step towards a greener future. Emily had spent countless hours researching, experimenting, and perfecting her project. She had even managed to get a small fund from the local community government, which allowed her to purchase some of the more expensive materials needed for her project. Her classmates, teachers, and even her parents were all excited to see the results of her hard work. As she walked, she mentally rehearsed (预演) her presentation, making sure she had all the key points memorized and that her explanations were clear and accurate. The science fair was not just an academic competition for Emily, it was also a platform to showcase her passion for environmental sustainability. She knew that the judges would be looking for innovation, practicality, and a deep understanding of the scientific principles involved. She was ready to prove that she had all of these in her model. With each step, her excitement grew, and she could hardly wait to show her project to the world. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, when Emily opened the box to show her project to the judges, her heart dropped. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She took a deep breath and decided to show them what she had learned from this problem. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$