Unit 1 词汇课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 1 单词详解课件 ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt / adj. 古代的； 古老的 【短语、词组】 ancient history 古代史 an ancient city 一座古城 ancient times 古代 【辨析】ancient和old ancient 强调“年代久远”，old 泛指“旧的”。 1、这座古庙有千年历史。 The ancient temple is over 1,000 years old. 2、这是本旧书。   This is an old book. camp / kæmp / n.度假营；营地 v.露营；宿营 ①v.露营；宿营 go camping 去露营（复习） 1.他们在山里露营。 They camped in the mountains. ②n.度假营；营地 summer camp 夏令营 ③camper cn.露营者 ④campfire n.篝火 landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n.风景；景色 【相关单词】 scenery  n. 风景 view  n.风景 sight n.风景 1.山景令人惊叹。 The mountain landscape is breathtaking. 2.桂林的风景很美。 The landscape of Guilin is amazing. strange / streɪndʒ / adj.奇怪的；陌生的 strangely adv.奇怪地 stranger cn.陌生人 be strange to sb. 对……陌生 These English words are strange______ me. A. of B. with C.to D. for C vacation /vəˈkeɪʃn/ n.假期；度假 【词汇拓展】  holiday  n. 假期；休假 【词组短语】 summer vacation 暑假 on vacation 在度假 go on vacation 去度假 1、暑假我们要去旅行。 We’ll travel during summer vacation. 2、我父母在夏威夷度假。 My parents are on vacation in Hawaii. fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk / adj.极好的；了不起的 1.音乐会棒极了！ The concert was fantastic! 2.山顶的景色美极了！ The view from the peak is fantastic! 同义词： wonderful excellent town /taʊn/ n.镇；商业区 【辨析】town、city和village town 城镇（中型聚居地） city大城市（人多，地方大） village 村庄（人少，地方小） 【词组短语】 small town 小镇 他在小镇长大。 He grew up _______(on/at/in) a small town. in breath /breθ/ n.呼吸的空气；一口气 【词汇拓展】  breathe  v. 呼吸 1.她深呼吸。 She breathed deeply. (take a deep breath) 【短语词组】 take sb’s breath away 使某人惊叹；令人窒息 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 喘不过气；上气不接下气 2.景色让我惊叹不已。 The view takes my breath away. especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv.尤其；特别 1.我喜欢夏天，尤其是海滩。 I love summer, especially the beach. 【辨析】especially和specially especially用于强调同类的某个个体突出，后可接名词、动词或从句。（程度） specially意为“专门地”，强调目的性。 我爱水果，尤其是草莓。 I love fruits, __________(especial) strawberries. especially anywhere /ˈeniweə(r) / adv.&pron. 在任何地方；随便哪个地方 【注意】 anywhere一般用于否定句或者疑问句中somewhere用于肯定句中 【短语词组】 anywhere else 其他任何地方 I want to go __________ this summer vacation. A. to somewhere interesting B. anywhere interesting C. interesting somewhere D. somewhere interesting D somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r) / adv.在某处；到某处 pron.某处；某个地方 【辨析】somewhere 和 anywhere somewhere用在肯定句中，指“某个地方”； anywhere用在否定或疑问句中，指“任何地方”。 nowhere指“无处” 1.我到处找不到我的手机。 I can’t find my phone anywhere. 2.我把钥匙忘在某个地方了。 I left my keys somewhere. 1.I want to go ________ quiet to read a book this weekend. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere 2.He looked for his keys in the room, but found ________. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere 3.Did you go ________ interesting during the summer vacation? A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere A C B some + some any no thing body one where something somebody someone somewhere anything anybody anyone anywhere nothing nobody no one nowhere something 复合不定词 thing= (指物) (指人) (指人) (指地点) 复合不定副词 anywhere adv. 在任何地方 不定副词构成：由 some, any, no , every 分别加上where 构成的副词。 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处，没有地方 everywhere 每个地方，到处 考点1： I have something important to tell you. 不定代词 形容词 Do you want anything to read ? 不定代词 动词不定式 总结：当复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式等应置于其后。 something else anything else anyone else someone else 注意：当形容词修饰不定副词时，形容词要放在其后面。 去任何有趣的地方 去某个安静的地方 go anywhere interesting go somewhere quiet 考点2： Everyone ______________ (be) on vacation now. Everything ______________ (begin) to grow in Spring. Not everyone __________(enjoy) doing the activity. Anything________(be) possible. is begins 总结：复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 enjoys is 考点3： eg. 1. I want to buy something interesting to give my mother as a gift. 2. There isn’t anything wrong inside. 3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 4. Is there anything to eat? 考点3： 总结： some-系列的不定代词用于肯定句； any-系列的不定代词用于否定句和疑问句。 总结:表示请求、建议等的疑问句中或问话者希望 得到肯定回答时，用some-系列 5.Would you like something to eat? 6.Why don’t you ask somebody to help you? 含有any的复合不定代词的用法： Did you do anything fun on your vacation ? 总结：用于否定句或疑问句中，代替含有some的复合不定代词 (代替 something ) 2. Anyone can do this. I can do anything for you. 总结：在肯定句中，意为“任何人/事” Exercise: 1. Everyone ______________ (know) the answer. 2. _____________ (be) everyone here today ? 3. Did you do ________ last month? A. special something B. something special C. anything special D. special anything knows Is C Exercise: 1. Everyone __________ (know) the answer. 2. _______ (be) everyone here today ? 3. -- Mike, where’s today’s newspaper? -- Well, you need to read it because there is ____ in it. A. something important B. important something C. anything important D. important anything 4. Ladies and gentlemen, attention please! I have ____ important to tell you. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything 5. -- Excuse me, could you please tell me the way to the museum? -- I’m sorry. I haven’t been there before. You may ask _____. A. somebody else B. else anybody C. else somebody D. anybody else 6. Everyone always _____ help from others. A. need B. needs C. needed D. is needing 1. —Is there _______ interesting in today's newspaper? —No, _______ special. A. something; nothing B. anything; nothing C. nothing; something D. anything; something 2. I looked for my keys everywhere, but I couldn’t find _______. A. someone B. anything C. nothing D. something 3. There is_______ wrong with my computer. It won't start. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything B B A 4. Don’t worry. There’s _______ serious with your health. The doctor said you just need a rest. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 5.There is _________ important in today’s history class, so make sure you take notes. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything C A 6.— How many students in your class have visited the science museum? — ________. All of them went on a field trip last week. A. None B. No one C. Nobody D. Some 7.She decided to go _________ peaceful to relax after the busy week. A. to somewhere B. somewhere C. to anywhere D. anywhere A B nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pron.没有任何东西；没有事 【注意】    作主语时，谓语动词用单数 Nothing is impossible. 【短语词组】 nothing but 只有；仅仅；只不过 have nothing to do 无事可做 have nothing to do with 与……无关 have something to do with与……有关 他早上只吃了一个苹果。 He ate nothing but an apple. 1.She did nothing but cry. 2.We had nothing but to wait. 3.There was nothing to do but ______ till morning. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited but 后动词形式 核心含义 did nothing but do 前有 do/does/did/done 动词原形（无 to） 除了做某事，什么都没做 have nothing but to do 前无 do（此处为 have） to + 动词原形 除了做某事，别无选择 A 前有do，后无to 前无do。后有to 1.There was nothing to do but ______ the boring movie till the end. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 2.We have no choice but ______ the plan. A. change B. to change C. changing D. changed 3.He said he would do nothing but ______ his best to help us. A. try B. to try C. tried D. trying 4.There is nothing left but ______ the truth. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told A B A B silk /sɪlk/ n.丝绸；（蚕）丝 【词汇拓展】 silky adj. 丝绸般的；光滑的 【短语词组】 the Silk Road 丝绸之路 1.她买了一条丝绸围巾。 She bought a silk scarf. scarf /skɑːf/ n.围巾；披巾 【词汇拓展】 headscarf  n. 头巾 复数：scarves/scarfs She has many beautiful________. A. silks scarfs B. silk scarf C. silk scarfs C hotel /həʊˈtel / n.旅馆；旅社 【短语词组】 hotel room  酒店房间 five-star hotel  五星级酒店 book a hotel  预订酒店 1.我们预订了海滩附近的酒店。 We booked a hotel near the beach. comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl / adj.使人舒服的；舒适的 【单词变形】 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 comfortably adv.舒服地 comfort v.安慰 n.舒适 【短语词组】 feel comfortable 感到舒适 1.He put his arm around her to comfort her. 2.She tried to comfort the crying child. 3.This sofa is very comfortable. 4.It’s comforting to know you’re nearby. 1.The new sofa make us sit _________ for long hours. A. comfortable B. comfortably C. more comfortable D. most comfortably 2.After sitting on the hard chair for three hours, she felt extremely __________________ (comfortable). B uncomfortable ready /ˈredi / adj.准备好的；现成的 adv.已做完；已完成 【短语词组】  ①准备好做某事 be ready to do sth =prepare to do sth.  ②为......做准备   get/be ready for=prepare for sth.   1.She _________ help others whenever they are in trouble. A. is ready to B. is ready for C. ready to D. ready for 2.The students _________ the final exam after weeks of review. A. are ready to B. are ready for C. ready to D. ready for A B sky /skaɪ / n.天；天空 【词汇拓展】 in the sky在空中 blue sky蓝天 1.天空是蓝色的。 The sky is blue. 2.暴风雨前天空变暗了。 The sky turned dark before the storm. bored /bɔːd/ adj.厌倦的；烦闷的 【辨析】bored和boring bored主语一般是人  boring主语一般是物 【短语词组】 be bored with...对……厌烦 =be tired of get bored感到无聊 1.The movie was so ________ that I felt ________ and almost fell asleep. A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored 2.She is bored________ her job because she does the same things every day. 3.Children easily ________ if they don't have interesting activities. A. get boring B. get bored C. are boring D. are bored with 4.— Why don’t you like the game? — Because it makes me ________ and I ________ doing it again. A. bored; am bored with B. boring; get bored C. bored; get boring D. boring; am bored with A with B A stand up 站起；起立 过去式：stood 反义词组：sit down can’t/couldn’t stand doing sth. 无法忍受做某事 =can’t bear doing sth./to do sth. 例句：He can’t stand _______(eat) durians. eating 例句：He can’t bear to part with you. towards /təˈwɔːdz; tɔːrdz/ prep.向；朝 towards  prep. 朝；向；对于（表示方向或目标） 1、他正朝我走来。 He is walking towards me. 【注意】 towards（英式英语中）和 toward（美式英语中）可互换。 run/walk towards rainbow /ˈreɪnbəʊ / n.虹；彩虹 1、雨后出现了彩虹。 A rainbow appeared after the rain. square ／skweə（r）／ Red Square 红场 Tian’anmen Square The house is 200 square meters. n.广场；正方形 adj.正方形的；平方的 during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep.在······期间 ①during+时间段 during the day在白天 ②during +活动/事件名词 during the exam在考试期间 ③during +节日 during the Spring Festival在春节期间 victory /'vɪkt(ə)ri/ n.胜利；成功 【短语词组】 win/achieve a vicotry 获得胜利 The team ______(win) a victory in the final match last week. won Russian /'rʌʃ(ə)n/ adj.俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的 n.俄罗斯人；俄语 【词汇拓展】 Russia n. 俄罗斯 They are __________(Russia). He lives in__________(Russia). Russians Russia fight /faɪt/ n.战斗；搏斗；斗争 v.打仗；打架 【词汇拓展】 过去式： n.战士 消防员： 【短语】 fight with /against sb 与某人对抗 fight for sth 为某事而战 fight against和……作斗争 firefighter fought fighter 1.Last year, the villagers fought______ the soldiers to protect their homes. A. with B. for C. against 2.The workers ______ better life . A. fought with B. fought for C. fought against A B against /əˈɡenst/ prep.反对；与······相反； 紧靠 【词汇拓展】 be against（doing）sth 反对某事 （反义词：支持：for） 1.The rain is beating against the window. 2.I’m against your idea. guide /ɡaɪd/ n.导游；指南；手册 v.给某人领路；指导 【短语】 tour guide 导游 guide book 指南书 guide sb. to +地点 引导某人到某地 artwork /ˈɑː(r)tˌwɜː(r)k/ 【词汇拓展】 artist cn.艺术家 artistic adj.艺术的 【短语】 an artwork一件艺术品 1.Lily comes from an_________(art) family. 2.He is a famous ______(art). artistic artist cn 艺术品 thousands of 【考点】 ①基数词+hunderd/thousand/million/billion 例：500 five hundred ②hundreds / thousands / millions of 数以百计的/数以千计的/数以百万计的 例：hundreds of students 数以百计的学生 1.The museum displayed two ______ ancient coins from the Qin Dynasty. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundred of 2.After the earthquake, _____________ (thousand) of volunteers rushed to the disaster area to help. B thousands tear n.眼泪；泪水 v.撕开； 【短语】 in tears流泪 burst into tears使某人流泪 His eyes are filled with ________(tear). tears remind /rɪ'maɪnd/ v.提醒；使想起 【短语】 ①remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 The story reminds me of my old friend. ②remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事 The teacher often reminds his students to finish homework on time. ③remind (sb) that 提醒/告知某人 It reminds me that I must study hard from now on. ④remind oneself 提醒自己 1.The old photo ______ her ______ the happy days she spent in the countryside. A. reminded; about B. reminded; of C. remembered; of D. called; about 2.My mom ______ me ______ the medicine（药） three times a day yesterday. A. reminded; take B. reminded; to take C. reminded; taking D. reminded; took 3.I remind _________(I) to take my homework to school. B B myself peace /piːs/ un.和平；太平 【短语】 at peace处于和平/平静状态（人） in peace 平静地；安静地 a peaceful world和平的世界 1.It’s hard to keep the world _________(peace) . 2.The world hopes to be at ________(peace). 3.We should learn to live ______ peace. peaceful peace easily /ˈɜː(r)li/ adv.容易地；轻易地 【词汇拓展】 easy adj.容易的 uneasy adj.不安的 1.It reminds us that war is terrible and peace does not come _______(easy). 2.She was ______(easy) about the test results. easily uneasy forget /fə(r)ˈɡet/ 【知识回顾】 过去式：forgot forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（事未做） forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（事已做） remember to do sth记得去做某事（事未做） remember doing sth 记得做过谋杀（事已做） v.忘记；遗忘 forget /fə(r)ˈɡet/ 【词汇拓展】 adj.健忘的，好忘事的 一个健忘的人： 变得健忘 adj. 容易被忘记的 adj. 难以忘怀的 n.健忘 v.忘记；遗忘 a forgetful person become/get forgetful forgettable unforgettable forgetful forgetfulness 1.The old man became ______, often forgetting where he put his glasses. A. forget B. forgetful C. forgetfulness D. forgettable 2.Don’t ______ to send the email before the deadline—your job depends on it. A. forgets B. forget C. forgeting D. forgo 3.The movie was so ______ that I can’t even remember the main character’s name. A. forget B. forgetful C. forgetfulness D. forgettable 4.He ________ his homework yesterday. A.forgot doing B.forgot do C.forgot to do D.forgets to do B B D C noon /nuːn/ 【词汇拓展】 at noon 在中午/at night 在晚上 in the afternoon在下午 sick /sɪk/ 词根:homesick carsick、airsick、seasick 【词汇拓展】 ①get sick生病 ②feel sick感到恶心/不舒服 ③sickness (n.)疾病；恶心 ④be sick of sth 厌倦某事 eg：I’m_____ _____（厌倦）_____（watch）boring TV shows. 【词义辨析】 sick (adj.)生病的（作表语又作定语） ill (adj.)生病的（只能作表语） a sick boy 1.The doctor told him that he was ______ with a serious disease. A. sick B. ill C. sickness D. illness 2.He was sick______ a bad cold. A. for B.at C.with D.of 3.His _____________(sick) kept him in bed for a week, so he missed the exam. — Why didn't your brother go to school yesterday? — Because he was ____. He had a fever and felt ____. A. ill; sick B. sick; ill C. ill; ill D. sick; sick A C sickness palace /'pæləs/ 【词汇拓展】 the Palace Museum故宫博物院 Summer Palace颐和园 might v.可能；可以 【短语词组】 might do might not do budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ n．预算 v.把······编入预算；精打细算 【短语词组】 within budget在预算范围内 go over budget超出预算 a weekly/yearly budget周/年预算 station /ˈsteɪʃən/ 【词汇拓展】 bus station公交车站 metro sation地铁站 railway station火车站 faraway /ˌfɑːrəˈweɪ/ adj.远方的；遥远的 【词汇拓展】 a ________place一个遥远的地方 far (away) from...离……远 1.The sun is far away from the earth. 2.My house is far away from our school. 3.I live in a town fifteen miles (away) from London. (离某地多远) faraway regular /ˈreɡjʊlə(r)/ adj.平常的；有规律的 【词汇拓展】 有规律的生活 regular life regularly adv.有规律地 irregular adj.不规则的 1.To keep healthy, we should exercise__________(regular). 2.Her ___________ exercise helps her keep fit. regularly regular turn around 转身，翻转；好转 【turn相关短语】 turn into trun on trun off turn up turn down 1.Please ______ the light before leaving the room. A. turn around B. turn into C. turn on D. turn off 2.She ______ the invitation to the party because she was busy. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down 3.The old factory ______ a modern shopping mall. A. turned around B. turned into C. turned on D. turned up D D B countryside n.乡村；农村 【短语词组】 countryside乡村 =country口语化的乡下 country music They live in the country. China is a developing country. surprised /sə(r)ˈpraɪzd/ adj 惊奇的，惊讶的 【词汇拓展】 adj.令人惊讶的 n.惊讶 v.使……惊讶 对……感到惊讶 对做某事感到惊讶 令某人惊讶的是 surprising surprise be surprised by/at sth. be surprised to do sth. to one’s surprise 1.To everyone’s ______, the quiet girl won the singing competition. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. surprisingly 2.She bought a gift to ______ her friend on his birthday. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. surprisely 3.We planned a ______ party for our teacher’s retirement. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. surprisingly 4.He is surprised __________(win) the game. A A B to win deer /dɪə(r)/ n.（pl.deer）鹿 【单复数同形的词】 deer鹿 sheep绵羊 fish鱼（条数） Japanese日本人 Chinese中国人 1.There are many_________(deer) in the forest. 2.There are many different kinds of ______(fish) in the lake. 3.There are twenty-two ___________(Chinese) in my class. deer fishes Chinese probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv.很可能；大概 【同义词】 perhaps / possibly adv. She ______ left her keys at home, as she can’t find them anywhere. A. probably B. probable C. probability D. probables A look for 寻找 【辨析】 find 找到（结果） look for 寻找（过程）search for find out 查明；弄清楚 1.I can’t find my keys. I have to ______ them everywhere. A. look for B. find out C. look at D.look up 2.Can you help me ______ when the train leaves? A. look for B. find out C. look at D.look up A B Lavf57.56.101 Lavf57.56.101 $$