2025年天津中考英语总复习语法之定语从句

定语从句 分析天津近年中考真题可知,定语从句主要考查关系词的用法。常考的为that、which、whose引导的限定性定语从句。 解答此类试题时,掌握定语从句关系词的用法是关键。考生应该掌握以下步骤: 1.根据定义定考点 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词(that， which ，who，whom， whose)或关系副词(when，where，why ) 连接起来。定语从句的关系词前被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。因此，如果确定是考查定语从句,我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如:what。 [结构图示] (1)A nurse is a person who looks after patients' health. 先行词 主语 谓语 宾语 (2) This is the factory where my father works. 先行词 地点状语 主语 谓语 2. 根据成分选关系词 （1）一看指人还是指物 先行词指人:whose, that, who, whom 先行词指物;that,which,whose （2） 二看句中作何成分 所作成分 关系词 主语 Who（人），which（物），that（人/物） 宾语 Who/whom（人），which（物），that（人/物） 表语 Who（人），which（物），that（人/物） 定语 Whose（人/物） 状语 Where（地点），when（时间），why（原因；先行词只有reason） 1如果从句中缺少主干成分，补关系代词；如果从句中不缺少主干成分，补关系副词； 2 whom，which和that作宾语时，可以省略。 如:Do you know the man __is washing his car over there?先行词(the man)指人,关系词在从句中作主语,可用的关系代词是什么？答案：who This is the gift I bought for my brother as his birthday gift.先行词(the gift)指物,关系词在从句中作宾语,可用关系代词什么？答案：that/which/不填 The girl coat is pink always helps her mother do the housework.先行词(The girl )指人,关系词在从句中作定语,可用关系代词什么？答案：whose I still remember the day our new school was built.从句中不缺成分,先行词(the day)指时间，关系词在从句中作状语,可用关系副词什么？答案：when (3)三看是否属特殊 只能用关系代词that的情况: ①先行词是不定代词something，anything，everything, nothing, all, little,few, much, none, some等时。如: Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的一切都告诉了他的妈妈。 ②先行词指物且被the only,the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如: This is the only book that I can find.这是我能找到的唯一一本书。 ③当先行词既有人又有物时。如: The people and events that the author described in his book are very interesting.作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。 ④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词时。如: This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的小说。 中考试练 1.The movie we saw last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who 2.Please pass me the cartoon book has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. A. whom B. whose C.who D. which 3.John is the boy legs were badly hurt in the accident. A. whose B. that C. who D. which 拓展提升 4.-Do you know the man spoke at the meeting just now? -Yes. He is a famous teacher in another school. A.which B. who C. where D. what 5. The charities have helped more children with the money people raised before. A.whose B. when C.whom D. which 6.-What kind of movies do you like? -I prefer movies give me something to think about. A. where B. how C.that D. who 答案：1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$