精品解析：湖南省宁远县宁远一中崇德学校2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试题

宁远一中崇德学校2025年上期高一年级期末考试试卷 英语 时量：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1 Who will be absent at the party? A Jessica. B. Rose. C. Alice. 2. Why is the woman taking Linda to America? A. To take an English exam. B. To help her relax completely. C. To improve her spoken English. 3. What does the woman think of Forest Gump? A. Quite satisfactory. B. A little annoying. C. Just so-so. 4. What does the woman work for? A. The Teens Forum. B. The Education Website. C. The Teens Development Organization. 5.Which subject does the woman dislike? A. Engineering. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Watching TV. B. Searching online. C. Listening to the radio. 7. How will be the weather in Chicago next Saturday? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man mean? A. Do some shopping now. B. Have a rest for a while. C. Pick up his sister. 9. When does the conversation probably take place? A. At 9:00 p.m. B. At 9:30 p.m. C. At 10:00 p.m. 10. Why does the man’s sister stay in Liverpool? A. To take a holiday. B. To go to college. C. To work for a good company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Having dinner. B. Preparing for school. C. Visiting an art museum. 12. How many years has the woman lived in the city? A. For two years. B. For four years. C. For five years. 13. What does the man want to be? A. A nurse. B. A pilot. C. An artist. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Dentist and patient. C. Mother and son. 15. What does the woman ask the man to buy? A. Nuts. B. Candies. C. Peanut butter. 16. What is the man’s favorite food? A. Seafood and carrots. B. Onions and chicken. C. Chicken and potatoes. 17. Where are the speakers going to meet later? A. In the meat area. B. In the vegetable area. C. In the seafood area. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker talking about? A. Celebrations of New Year. B. Traditions of Christmas. C. Foods of countries. 19. What do the Danes do to celebrate the New Year? A. Throwing plates. B. Dancing on chairs. C. Building campfires. 20. In which country do people eat grapes before the clock strikes midnight? A. Finland. B. Holland. C. Spain. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 ：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Environmental Books For Kids City Green, by DyAnne DiSalvo-Ryan (1994) It is a great book on how anyone can take action and make a difference. In it, Marcy, a young girl, wants to plant a garden in the vacant lot(空地) of her city block. The book describes every step of building a community garden for everyone to share. It comes with a handy guide on how you can start your own community garden! Kate Who Tamed the Wind, by Liz Garton Scanlon (2018) This book is a wonderful story of problem-solving and perseverance (坚持不懈), as it tells the story of a young girl who decides to stop the wild wind from blowing by planting trees. It is a great read explaining the important role of trees in our lives and the planet as well as the importance of nature-based solutions. We Are Water Protectors, by Carole Lindstrom (2020) If you want to learn more about native people and the importance of protecting water, this is the book for you. It is a story of a young girl who stands up for environmental justice (正义) and becomes an activist who fights to protect the world from pollution. Pangolina, by Jane Goodall (2021) A pangolin is to be unlawfully sold at the market. Luckily for her, a little girl, who knows that pangolins are friendly animals with feelings just like humans, asks her mother to buy Pangolina and set her free. If you love animals and you want to learn more about the problems of wildlife traffic as well as the importance of protecting endangered animals, this wonderful book is a good choice. 1. Which book would you recommend to someone interested in gardening? A City Green. B. Pangolina. C. We Are Water Protectors. D. Kate, Who Tamed the Wind. 2. When was the book covering native people’s movement printed? A. In 1994 B. In 2018. C. In 2020. D. In 2021. 3. Who wrote the book about saving animals? A. DyAnne DiSalvo-Ryan. B. Liz Garton Scanlon. C. Carole Lindstrom. D. Jane Goodall. B Xing Bin,a university lecturer in Linyi, Shandong Province, decided to volunteer as a food delivery driver for a month last December. As a university lecturer, he was used to a more sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but he was enthusiastic to push himself out of his comfort zone and experience life from a different perspective. During the month, Xing worked tirelessly, delivering food to customers and facing the same challenges as other drivers. He worked more than 10 hours and took 30,000 steps each day. He lost 6 kilograms and earned a total of 7,000 yuan. On average, he earned 10 yuan each hour, and 20 yuan at most. “I was delivering food from early morning till late at night for around 13 hours a day,” Xing said, adding he could earn more by working at night. In the process, Xing tasted the bitterness and the happiness of this job with his heart. Despite the long hours and physical demands, Xing found the work rewarding and gained a new-found appreciation for the hard work and dedication of delivery drivers. Xing’s experience also clarified the challenges faced by delivery drivers in China’s gig economy. While some workers choose to work in the gig economy for its flexibility, others may prefer the stability of full-time employment. Delivery drivers often work long hours, face traffic and weather risks, and deal with difficult customers. Through his volunteer work, Xing learned the importance of understanding in our interactions with service workers. He thinks that by taking the time to understand their challenges and show appreciation for their work, we can create a more compassionate and respectful society. Overall, Xing’s volunteer work serves as a reminder of the value of stepping outside our comfort zones and experiencing life from a different perspective. It can also have a positive impact on the community and the individuals we serve. By doing so, we can gain a deeper understanding of the world around us and develop greater compassion for others. 4. Why did Xing Bin volunteer as a food delivery driven? A. To experience a different lifestyle. B. To challenge other ways of working. C. To prepare for his following lectures. D. To change his own physical condition. 5. What can we learn about Xing’s work from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3? A. It is hard but meaningful. B. It is boring but profitable. C. It is difficult but satisfying. D. It is low-income but effective. 6. What should we do when interacting with service workers according to Xing Bin? A. Appreciate their spirit of helping others. B. Put ourselves in their shoes. C. Have a good communication atmosphere. D. Help them finish their work 7. What is the text mainly about? A. The importance of community in social life. B. The popularity and flexibility of delivery jobs. C. An experience of volunteering for service work. D. An inspiring story about realizing a career dream. C A new study has found that a child’s reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the space between letters within a piece of text. The research, led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), examined the benefits of letter spacing and coloured overlays (颜色标注) among children. Two groups of children, dyslexic (有阅读障碍的) and non-dyslexic children, were asked to read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter spacing, both with and without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded. The recording was used to measure the number of errors they made — specifically missed words, added words, wrong words, and pronunciation — as well as the participants’ reading time. The study discovered that text with increased space between letters provided a benefit for both groups. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while the group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase. In addition to improving reading speed, it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with dyslexia. However, the study found that coloured overlays had no significant impact on reading speed or the reduction of errors for either group. Dr Stagg, Senior Lecturer in Psychology at ARU, said, “We believe extra-large letter spacing works by reducing what is known as the ‘crowding effect’, which can hamper the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.” “Our findings strongly suggest that teachers can be confident that all children would be helped by increased letter spacing in reading materials.” Dr Stagg added. While we found that coloured overlays provided little benefit, we suggest children should be encouraged to use overlays if they find these help their reading. Coloured overlays may not increase reading speeds, but they may extend reading stamina (持久力). Previous research suggests their benefits may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage. 8. Which of the following best describes the research process in paragraph 2? A. Illustrate, group and report. B. Read, instruct and measure. C. Question, assume and prove. D. Categorize, record and count. 9. What can we learn about increased letter spacing from paragraph 3? A. It reduces reading errors. B. It sharpens reading skills. C. It arouses reading interest. D. It enhances reading comprehension. 10. What does the underlined word “hamper” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Obtain. B. Prevent. C. Change. D. Involve. 11. What can be inferred about coloured overlays from paragraph 5? A. They might work better in short reading. B. They might not be recommended by experts. C. They might not have been evaluated fairly. D. They might have some disadvantages. D “You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time. Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses. For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement. The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give process responses focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive give more person responses. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics -- in particular, related to failure -- are more likely to avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests. Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation. 12. Which of the following is an example of process response? A. You are a lucky dog. B. Running is in your blood. C. What works well for your study? D. Why are you such a math genius? 13. What can be inferred from the study results? A. Parents prefer to give more process responses. B. Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety. C. Process responses help with children’s math achievement. D. Person responses can discourage children from learning math. 14. What do researchers advise parents to do? A. Restrict person responses. B. Defend their own beliefs. C. Stress children’s performance. D. Ignore children’s math problems. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps B. The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters C. Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance D. Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the digital revolution, people’s lives are being transformed. The mobile phone is a symbol of this development. Nearly everyone uses mobile phones, as they allow us to complete modern tasks conveniently and effectively. ___16___ Mobile phones are a threat to our health. ___17___ This will cause overweight and some other problems. Mobile phones have a particularly great impact on children’s health, even affecting the normal development of their brain and body. It’s also true that too much use of mobile phones can make us cold and distant. How many times have you noticed that people sit with each other, but don’t interact? Our dependence on phones reduces our opportunities for face-to-face communication. ___18___ Mobile phones also take up much of our time that could be better used in other things. They may include learning, playing sports, going sightseeing and so on. ___19___ On the contrary, the only result after a long time spent on mobile phones, like playing video games or watching video clips is that we may not only feel tired, but empty in mind. ___20___ It is certainly convenient, but it also encourages us to be lazy about our physical health and our relationships with the people closest to us. Wouldn’t it be a good idea, once in a while, to turn off the phone and step out into the country, to enjoy the scenery and in the meantime get some exercise with the people we love? A. It will cause our interpersonal communicating skills to suffer. B. However, we should not overlook their bad influences. C. All in all, the mobile phone has positives and negatives. D. Anyway, the convenience of mobile phones can’t be ignored. E. Mobiles are also used by students or learners to cheat in the exams. F. The activities are mentally and physically beneficial to us. G. Using them for too long tends to make us passive and ignore physical exercise. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A hurricane swept through our town, catching us off guard. I was indoors with my cat, Smartie, when the ____21____ just flew off. The sky suddenly appeared where the roof had been, and fear ____22____ me to the spot. Mom urged me to ____23____, but it rained so heavily. Our street turned into a river in ____24____. We were going nowhere. At first, I was ____25____ to stay at home, but soon it got really tough. Without a roof, staying inside was too ____26____. Water was everywhere, yet undrinkable for fear of sickness. We relied on the water that was ____27____ to us, but the supplies delivered by helicopters were limited. The heat in August was unbearable and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching boats going up and down and searching for Smartie, who ____28____ in the storm. Living in the open air, we became the feast for mosquitoes. Mom encouraged me to see the good side of things. It was difficult to stay positive, but her words ____29____ me. We lay under the stars, which were visible without city ____30____. It was amazing! Moments like those gave us ____31____ for the future. Days felt like months before we were ____32____ and taken to another town. Thankfully, Smartie returned just in time to ____33____ us. A year has passed, and I’m back in New Orleans. Though some families are still away, many, like us, have ____34____. We’re rebuilding our homes and lives. Now, we have another chance to look up at the ____35____ of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us to move forward. 21. A. window B. roof C. door D. wall 22. A. pulled B. moved C. pushed D. froze 23. A. stop B. notice C. escape D. follow 24. A. seconds B. hours C. days D. months 25. A. amused B. sorry C. pleased D. grateful 26. A. lonely B. dangerous C. strange D. boring 27. A. air-lifted B. mail-sent C. rail-shipped D. hand-passed 28. A. hid B. injured C. survived D. disappeared 29. A. comforted B. challenged C. disturbed D. shocked 30. A. pollution B. lights C. traffic D. buildings 31. A. plans B. advice C. choice D. hope 32. A. gathered B. bothered C. rescued D. appointed 33. A. join B. aid C. entertain D. visit 34. A. given up B. come back C. passed away D. won out 35. A. clouds B. sun C. stars D. moon 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to the Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world. It plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the global ecosystems. Covering an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half ___36___ size of China. It is named after the Amazon River, which is close to 6,400 kilometres in ___37___ (long). Of the 390,000 plant species ___38___ (know) to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable ___39___ (vary) of wildlife. Various ___40___ (live) things survive here, making up the forest’s food chain. This rich tapestry of life includes birds, reptiles and mammals, many of ___41___ are found nowhere else on Earth. The Amazon rainforest fixes carbon and produces over 20% of all the Earth’s oxygen, breathing life into the planet and serving ___42___ a vital organ in the body of our world. However, over the past 50 years about 17% of the rainforest ___43___ (disappear) due to human activities. We have to think about the question of whether we can afford ___44___ (damage) the “lungs of the planet”, and what the ____45____ (consequence) will be if we continue on this path of environmental degradation (退化). 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 David的家乡遭遇了特大洪涝灾害，损失惨重，David 自己也受了伤。请你给他写一封信，要点如下： ( 1 ) 给予安慰和鼓励； ( 2 ) 为他提供帮助。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。 Dear David, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jeremy Savage aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, were close friends. They grew up together because their parents were friends, too. Every autumn, the two families would go together on a trip to the Rocky Mountains. This year, under the guidance of park workers, they camped on the hillside. After putting up the tents, the two boys announced to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves next morning and promised to back before dusk. Next morning, the boys set out with a backpack packed with food and water, the autumn breeze pinking their cheeks. Along the winding path, they glanced at a sea of colourful leaves spreading beneath their feet. As they got near to the top, the path was rocky and less-traveled. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop. Lost in the breathtaking scenery, they felt refreshed from tiredness. How worthwhile the trip was! Having got enough rest, Jeremy and Ian decided to climb down. Suddenly, trouble began. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. “Help!” Jeremy shouted. NO REPLY. “Help!Help!” Jeremy almost cried. But still no replies. If only I had brought my mobile phone in the bag Jeremy mouthed, regretful and sad. Taking a deep breath, he tried to calm himself down. Then he noticed Ian was bleeding. So he cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. Jeremy used an extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together against a rock. However, as darkness started to fall, the weather turned cold and windy and help still didn’t arrive. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右: 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In low spirits, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Exhausted, Jeremy felt hopeless again with Ian on his back. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 宁远一中崇德学校2025年上期高一年级期末考试试卷 英语 时量：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who will be absent at the party? A. Jessica. B. Rose. C. Alice. 2. Why is the woman taking Linda to America? A. To take an English exam. B. To help her relax completely. C. To improve her spoken English. 3 What does the woman think of Forest Gump? A. Quite satisfactory. B. A little annoying. C. Just so-so. 4. What does the woman work for? A. The Teens Forum. B. The Education Website. C. The Teens Development Organization. 5.Which subject does the woman dislike? A. Engineering. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Watching TV. B. Searching online. C. Listening to the radio. 7. How will be the weather in Chicago next Saturday? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man mean? A. Do some shopping now. B. Have a rest for a while. C. Pick up his sister. 9. When does the conversation probably take place? A. At 9:00 p.m. B. At 9:30 p.m. C. At 10:00 p.m. 10. Why does the man’s sister stay in Liverpool? A. To take a holiday. B. To go to college. C. To work for a good company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Having dinner. B. Preparing for school. C. Visiting an art museum. 12. How many years has the woman lived in the city? A. For two years. B. For four years. C. For five years. 13. What does the man want to be? A. A nurse. B. A pilot. C. An artist. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Dentist and patient. C. Mother and son. 15. What does the woman ask the man to buy? A. Nuts. B. Candies. C. Peanut butter. 16. What is the man’s favorite food? A. Seafood and carrots. B. Onions and chicken. C. Chicken and potatoes. 17. Where are the speakers going to meet later? A. In the meat area. B. In the vegetable area. C. In the seafood area. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker talking about? A. Celebrations of New Year. B. Traditions of Christmas. C. Foods of countries. 19. What do the Danes do to celebrate the New Year? A. Throwing plates. B. Dancing on chairs. C. Building campfires. 20. In which country do people eat grapes before the clock strikes midnight? A. Finland. B. Holland. C. Spain. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 ：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Environmental Books For Kids City Green, by DyAnne DiSalvo-Ryan (1994) It is a great book on how anyone can take action and make a difference. In it, Marcy, a young girl, wants to plant a garden in the vacant lot(空地) of her city block. The book describes every step of building a community garden for everyone to share. It comes with a handy guide on how you can start your own community garden! Kate, Who Tamed the Wind, by Liz Garton Scanlon (2018) This book is a wonderful story of problem-solving and perseverance (坚持不懈), as it tells the story of a young girl who decides to stop the wild wind from blowing by planting trees. It is a great read explaining the important role of trees in our lives and the planet as well as the importance of nature-based solutions. We Are Water Protectors, by Carole Lindstrom (2020) If you want to learn more about native people and the importance of protecting water, this is the book for you. It is a story of a young girl who stands up for environmental justice (正义) and becomes an activist who fights to protect the world from pollution. Pangolina, by Jane Goodall (2021) A pangolin is to be unlawfully sold at the market. Luckily for her, a little girl, who knows that pangolins are friendly animals with feelings just like humans, asks her mother to buy Pangolina and set her free. If you love animals and you want to learn more about the problems of wildlife traffic as well as the importance of protecting endangered animals, this wonderful book is a good choice. 1. Which book would you recommend to someone interested in gardening? A. City Green. B. Pangolina. C. We Are Water Protectors. D. Kate, Who Tamed the Wind. 2. When was the book covering native people’s movement printed? A. In 1994 B. In 2018. C. In 2020. D. In 2021. 3. Who wrote the book about saving animals? A. DyAnne DiSalvo-Ryan. B. Liz Garton Scanlon. C. Carole Lindstrom. D. Jane Goodall. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四本儿童环保书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据City Green部分中的“The book describes every step of building a community garden for everyone to share. It comes with a handy guide on how you can start your own community garden!(这本书描述了建立一个社区花园的每个步骤，每个人都可以分享。它附带了一个方便的指南，教你如何开始你自己的社区花园！)”可知，该书与建造社区花园有关，可以推荐给对园艺感兴趣的人。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据We Are Water Protectors部分中的“If you want to learn more about native people and the importance of protecting water, this is the book for you.(如果你想更多地了解当地人和保护水的重要性，这本书就是为你准备的)”和时间为2020可知，该书与原住民保护水源的运动有关，于2020年出版。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pangolina部分中“Luckily for her, a little girl, who knows that pangolins are friendly animals with feelings just like humans, asks her mother to buy Pangolina and set her free.(幸运的是，一个小女孩知道穿山甲是一种友好的动物，和人类一样有感情，她让妈妈把穿山甲买下来放生)”和“by Jane Goodall(作者Jane Goodall)”可知，该书与拯救动物有关，其作者是Jane Goodall。故选D。 B Xing Bin,a university lecturer in Linyi, Shandong Province, decided to volunteer as a food delivery driver for a month last December. As a university lecturer, he was used to a more sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but he was enthusiastic to push himself out of his comfort zone and experience life from a different perspective. During the month, Xing worked tirelessly, delivering food to customers and facing the same challenges as other drivers. He worked more than 10 hours and took 30,000 steps each day. He lost 6 kilograms and earned a total of 7,000 yuan. On average, he earned 10 yuan each hour, and 20 yuan at most. “I was delivering food from early morning till late at night for around 13 hours a day,” Xing said, adding he could earn more by working at night. In the process, Xing tasted the bitterness and the happiness of this job with his heart. Despite the long hours and physical demands, Xing found the work rewarding and gained a new-found appreciation for the hard work and dedication of delivery drivers. Xing’s experience also clarified the challenges faced by delivery drivers in China’s gig economy. While some workers choose to work in the gig economy for its flexibility, others may prefer the stability of full-time employment. Delivery drivers often work long hours, face traffic and weather risks, and deal with difficult customers. Through his volunteer work, Xing learned the importance of understanding in our interactions with service workers. He thinks that by taking the time to understand their challenges and show appreciation for their work, we can create a more compassionate and respectful society. Overall, Xing’s volunteer work serves as a reminder of the value of stepping outside our comfort zones and experiencing life from a different perspective. It can also have a positive impact on the community and the individuals we serve. By doing so, we can gain a deeper understanding of the world around us and develop greater compassion for others. 4. Why did Xing Bin volunteer as a food delivery driven? A. To experience a different lifestyle. B. To challenge other ways of working. C. To prepare for his following lectures. D. To change his own physical condition. 5. What can we learn about Xing’s work from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3? A. It is hard but meaningful. B. It is boring but profitable. C. It is difficult but satisfying. D. It is low-income but effective. 6. What should we do when interacting with service workers according to Xing Bin? A. Appreciate their spirit of helping others. B. Put ourselves in their shoes. C. Have a good communication atmosphere. D. Help them finish their work 7. What is the text mainly about? A. The importance of community in social life. B. The popularity and flexibility of delivery jobs. C An experience of volunteering for service work. D. An inspiring story about realizing a career dream. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章‌主要讲述一位大学讲师Xing Bin决定做一个月外卖骑手的志愿者经历，通过这一经历体验了不同生活方式，增进了对骑手工作的理解和尊重。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a university lecturer, he was used to a more sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but he was enthusiastic to push himself out of his comfort zone and experience life from a different perspective.(作为一名大学讲师，他原本习惯了较为安逸的生活方式，但他却满怀热情地想要走出自己的舒适圈，从不同的角度去体验生活)”可知，他自愿成为一名外卖配送员是为了体验一种不同的生活方式。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He worked more than 10 hours and took 30,000 steps each day. (他每天工作超过10个小时，走动了30000步)”可知， Xing Bin每天工作超过10小时，走30,000步，面临与其他司机相同的挑战。根据第三段“Despite the long hours and physical demands, Xing found the work rewarding and gained a new-found appreciation for the hard work and dedication of delivery drivers.(尽管工作时间长且体力要求高，但Xing觉得这份工作很有意义，并且对快递员们的辛勤工作和奉献精神有了新的认识和敬意)”可知，尽管工作时间长且体力要求高，但Xing Bin认为这份工作很有意义，并对送货快递员的工作有了新的认识和感激。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“He thinks that by taking the time to understand their challenges and show appreciation for their work, we can create a more compassionate and respectful society.(他认为，只要花时间去了解他们的困难，并对他们所做的工作表示赞赏，我们就能构建一个更加富有同情心和尊重精神的社会)”可知，在与服务人员交流时我们应该设身处地为他们着想。故选B。 7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a university lecturer, he was used to a more sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, but he was enthusiastic to push himself out of his comfort zone and experience life from a different perspective.(作为一名大学讲师，他原本习惯了较为安逸的生活方式，但他却满怀热情地想要走出自己的舒适圈，从不同的角度去体验生活)”以及全文围绕Xing Bin作为外卖骑手志愿者的经历展开，重点描述了他的体验、感受以及由此引发的对零工经济工作者的理解。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一次参与志愿服务工作的经历。故选C。 C A new study has found that a child’s reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the space between letters within a piece of text. The research, led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), examined the benefits of letter spacing and coloured overlays (颜色标注) among children. Two groups of children, dyslexic (有阅读障碍的) and non-dyslexic children, were asked to read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter spacing, both with and without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded. The recording was used to measure the number of errors they made — specifically missed words, added words, wrong words, and pronunciation — as well as the participants’ reading time. The study discovered that text with increased space between letters provided a benefit for both groups. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while the group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase. In addition to improving reading speed, it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with dyslexia. However, the study found that coloured overlays had no significant impact on reading speed or the reduction of errors for either group. Dr Stagg, Senior Lecturer in Psychology at ARU, said, “We believe extra-large letter spacing works by reducing what is known as the ‘crowding effect’, which can hamper the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.” “Our findings strongly suggest that teachers can be confident that all children would be helped by increased letter spacing in reading materials.” Dr Stagg added. While we found that coloured overlays provided little benefit, we suggest children should be encouraged to use overlays if they find these help their reading. Coloured overlays may not increase reading speeds, but they may extend reading stamina (持久力). Previous research suggests their benefits may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage. 8. Which of the following best describes the research process in paragraph 2? A. Illustrate, group and report. B. Read, instruct and measure. C. Question, assume and prove. D. Categorize, record and count. 9. What can we learn about increased letter spacing from paragraph 3? A. It reduces reading errors. B. It sharpens reading skills. C. It arouses reading interest. D. It enhances reading comprehension. 10. What does the underlined word “hamper” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Obtain. B. Prevent. C. Change. D. Involve. 11. What can be inferred about coloured overlays from paragraph 5? A. They might work better in short reading. B. They might not be recommended by experts. C. They might not have been evaluated fairly. D. They might have some disadvantages. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，只要增加一篇文章中字母之间的间隔，就可以提高孩子的阅读速度。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Two groups of children, dyslexic (有阅读障碍的) and non-dyslexic children, were asked to read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter spacing, both with and without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded. The recording was used to measure the number of errors they made — specifically missed words, added words, wrong words, and pronunciation — as well as the participants’ reading time. The study discovered that text with increased space between letters provided a benefit for both groups. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while the group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase.(两组儿童，诵读困难儿童和非诵读困难儿童，被要求阅读四篇有标准或超大字母间距的文本，有或没有彩色覆盖。他们被要求在录音的同时大声朗读课文。这段录音被用来测量他们所犯错误的数量——特别是漏读的单词、加的单词、错误的单词和发音——以及参与者的阅读时间。)”可知，第二段中的研究过程包括分类，记录和计数。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In addition to improving reading speed, it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with dyslexia.(除了提高阅读速度外，它还显著减少了患有阅读障碍的儿童遗漏的单词数量。)”可知，增加的字母间距减少了阅读错误。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段的“reduce reading speed(降低阅读速度)”可知，划线词所在句表示“我们认为超大的字母间隔可以通过减少所谓的‘拥挤效应’来发挥作用，这种效应会阻碍字母的识别，降低阅读速度”，划线词hamper的意思是“阻碍”，和prevent意思相近，故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Previous research suggests their benefits may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage. (之前的研究表明，如果阅读时间少于10分钟，它们的好处可能不会显现出来，而我们研究中测试的短阅读时间可能会使彩色覆盖处于不利地位。)”可知，彩色覆盖可能没有得到公平的评估。故选C。 D “You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time. Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses. For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement. The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give process responses focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive give more person responses. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics -- in particular, related to failure -- are more likely to avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests. Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation. 12. Which of the following is an example of process response? A. You are a lucky dog. B. Running is in your blood. C. What works well for your study? D. Why are you such a math genius? 13. What can be inferred from the study results? A. Parents prefer to give more process responses. B. Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety. C. Process responses help with children’s math achievement. D. Person responses can discourage children from learning math. 14. What do researchers advise parents to do? A. Restrict person responses. B. Defend their own beliefs. C. Stress children’s performance. D. Ignore children’s math problems. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps B. The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters C. Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance D. Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不同的作用；用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.(相比之下，将孩子的行为（如努力或策略的使用）与他们的表现联系起来的父母正在使用过程反应。)”可知，将孩子的行为与他们的表现联系起来的父母使用的是过程反应，分析四个选项，C项“What works well for your study?(什么对你的学习有效？)”将孩子的行为与表现联系起来，符合语境，属于“过程反应”，故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics -- in particular, related to failure -- are more likely to avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.(虽然强调策略和努力的回答与任何成绩结果无关，但收到更多关于个人特征（特别是与失败有关的）回答的孩子更有可能避免更难的数学问题，表现出更高的数学焦虑水平，在数学成绩测试中得分更低。)”可推理出，个人反应会阻碍孩子学习数学，故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home.(因为个人反应预示着孩子随着时间的推移会有较差的数学适应能力，研究人员建议父母在家里限制这种反应。)”可知，专家建议父母限制个人反应，故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读整篇文章，尤其是第一段中“Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.(最近，乔治亚大学进行的一项新研究发现，随着时间的推移，鼓励孩子用与他们的个人特征或天生能力相关的回答可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成就。)”可知，文章主要内容是说父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不同的作用；用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩。所以B项“The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters(父母与孩子谈论数学问题的方式)”可作为最恰当的题目，故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the digital revolution, people’s lives are being transformed. The mobile phone is a symbol of this development. Nearly everyone uses mobile phones, as they allow us to complete modern tasks conveniently and effectively. ___16___ Mobile phones are a threat to our health. ___17___ This will cause overweight and some other problems. Mobile phones have a particularly great impact on children’s health, even affecting the normal development of their brain and body. It’s also true that too much use of mobile phones can make us cold and distant. How many times have you noticed that people sit with each other, but don’t interact? Our dependence on phones reduces our opportunities for face-to-face communication. ___18___ Mobile phones also take up much of our time that could be better used in other things. They may include learning, playing sports, going sightseeing and so on. ___19___ On the contrary, the only result after a long time spent on mobile phones, like playing video games or watching video clips is that we may not only feel tired, but empty in mind. ___20___ It is certainly convenient, but it also encourages us to be lazy about our physical health and our relationships with the people closest to us. Wouldn’t it be a good idea, once in a while, to turn off the phone and step out into the country, to enjoy the scenery and in the meantime get some exercise with the people we love? A. It will cause our interpersonal communicating skills to suffer. B. However, we should not overlook their bad influences. C. All in all, the mobile phone has positives and negatives. D. Anyway, the convenience of mobile phones can’t be ignored. E. Mobiles are also used by students or learners to cheat in the exams. F. The activities are mentally and physically beneficial to us. G. Using them for too long tends to make us passive and ignore physical exercise. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了手机既有积极的一面也有消极的一面，并列举了手机带来的不利之处，呼吁大家放下手机，和我们爱着的人出去欣赏风景，进行锻炼。 【16题详解】 上文“With the digital revolution, people’s lives are being transformed. The mobile phone is a symbol of this development. Nearly everyone uses mobile phones, as they allow us to complete modern tasks conveniently and effectively.(随着数字革命，人们的生活正在发生改变。手机是这一发展的一个象征。几乎每个人都使用手机，因为它们能让我们方便、有效地完成现代任务)”讲述了手机带来的益处，下文第二段“Mobile phones are a threat to our health.(手机对我们的健康是一种威胁)”，第三段“It’s also true that too much use of mobile phones can make us cold and distant.(过度使用手机会让我们冷漠和疏远也是真的)”等讲述了手机带来的不好之处，因此推断空处承上启下，B项“然而，我们不应该忽视它们的不良影响。”符合语境，与上文是转折关系，引出下文内容，故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“Mobile phones are a threat to our health.(手机对我们的健康是一种威胁)”说明手机给健康带来的坏处，G项中的“make us passive and ignore physical exercise”符合语境，下文“This will cause overweight and some other problems.(这将导致超重和其他一些问题)”中的this指代上文内容，说明长期使用手机往往会让我们消极，忽视体育锻炼，将会导致超重等健康问题，因此G项“长时间使用它们往往会让我们消极，忽视体育锻炼”符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 上文“Our dependence on phones reduces our opportunities for face-to-face communication.(我们对手机的依赖减少了面对面交流的机会。)”讲述手机让我们面对面交流的机会减少，因此推断影响了我们的交流能力，因此推断A项“它会使我们的人际沟通能力受损。”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“They may include learning, playing sports, going sightseeing and so on.(它们可能包括学习，运动，去观光等等。)”陈述了一些活动，F项中的“The activities”与之呼应，因此推断F项“这些活动对我们的身心都有好处。”符合语境，说明这些活动带来的益处，故选F。 【20题详解】 分析文章结构可知，空处应是上文总结，根据下文“It is certainly convenient, but it also encourages us to be lazy about our physical health and our relationships with the people closest to us. Wouldn’t it be a good idea, once in a while, to turn off the phone and step out into the country, to enjoy the scenery and in the meantime get some exercise with the people we love?(它当然是方便的，但它也让我们没工夫关心我们的身体健康，疏于与我们最亲近的人的关系。偶尔关掉手机，走到郊外，一边欣赏风景，一边和我们爱的人一起运动，这不是一个好主意吗?)”可推断，本段讲述手机既有好处也有坏处，因此推断C项“总之，手机既有积极的一面也有消极的一面。”符合语境，总结上文，总领下文，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A hurricane swept through our town, catching us off guard. I was indoors with my cat, Smartie, when the ____21____ just flew off. The sky suddenly appeared where the roof had been, and fear ____22____ me to the spot. Mom urged me to ____23____, but it rained so heavily. Our street turned into a river in ____24____. We were going nowhere. At first, I was ____25____ to stay at home, but soon it got really tough. Without a roof, staying inside was too ____26____. Water was everywhere, yet undrinkable for fear of sickness. We relied on the water that was ____27____ to us, but the supplies delivered by helicopters were limited. The heat in August was unbearable and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching boats going up and down and searching for Smartie, who ____28____ in the storm. Living in the open air, we became the feast for mosquitoes. Mom encouraged me to see the good side of things. It was difficult to stay positive, but her words ____29____ me. We lay under the stars, which were visible without city ____30____. It was amazing! Moments like those gave us ____31____ for the future. Days felt like months before we were ____32____ and taken to another town. Thankfully, Smartie returned just in time to ____33____ us. A year has passed, and I’m back in New Orleans. Though some families are still away, many, like us, have ____34____. We’re rebuilding our homes and lives. Now, we have another chance to look up at the ____35____ of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us to move forward. 21. A. window B. roof C. door D. wall 22. A. pulled B. moved C. pushed D. froze 23. A. stop B. notice C. escape D. follow 24. A. seconds B. hours C. days D. months 25. A. amused B. sorry C. pleased D. grateful 26. A. lonely B. dangerous C. strange D. boring 27. A. air-lifted B. mail-sent C. rail-shipped D. hand-passed 28. A. hid B. injured C. survived D. disappeared 29. A. comforted B. challenged C. disturbed D. shocked 30. A. pollution B. lights C. traffic D. buildings 31. A. plans B. advice C. choice D. hope 32. A. gathered B. bothered C. rescued D. appointed 33. A. join B. aid C. entertain D. visit 34. A. given up B. come back C. passed away D. won out 35. A. clouds B. sun C. stars D. moon 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在飓风袭击城镇后，与母亲和猫咪Smartie经历的一系列遭遇，以及在困境中保持希望、最终重建生活的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和我的猫Smartie在室内时，屋顶突然飞走了。A. window窗户；B. roof屋顶；C. door门；D. wall墙。根据下文“The sky suddenly appeared where the roof had been”可知，下文说的是屋顶所在的地方突然出现了天空，可推理出屋顶被飓风刮走了，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：屋顶原来的地方突然出现了一片天空，恐惧使我呆在原地。A. pulled拉；B. moved移动；C. pushed推；D. froze使冻结；吓呆。根据上文“fear”以及下文“to the spot”可知，上文提到了恐惧，下文提到了原地，可推理出此处说的是恐惧让作者吓得呆在原地不动，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈催促我逃跑，但雨下得太大了。A. stop停止；B. notice注意；C. escape逃跑；D. follow跟随。根据下文“We were going nowhere”可知，下文说的是我们没有地方可去，可推理出妈妈催促作者逃离危险的地方，故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的街道在几秒钟内变成了一条河。A. seconds秒；B. hours小时；C. days天；D. months月。根据上文“Our street turned into a river”以及下文“We were going nowhere”可知，上文说的是我们的街道变成了一条河，下文说的是我们无处可去，可推理出大雨迅速使街道积水成河，时间极短，故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我很高兴待在家里，但很快就变得很艰难。A. amused被逗乐的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. pleased高兴的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“but soon it got really tough”可知，下文使用转折连词，表示很快就变得很艰难，可推理出前后为转折关系，所以起初作者对待在家里的状态是高兴的，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有屋顶，待在里面太危险了。A. lonely孤独的；B. dangerous危险的；C. strange奇怪的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“Without a roof”以及“Water was everywhere”可知，上文说的是没有屋顶，下文说的是到处都是水，可推理出此处说的是没有屋顶的室内环境充满危险，故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们依靠空运给我们的水，但直升机运送的物资有限。A. air-lifted空运；B. mail-sent邮寄；C. rail-shipped铁路运输；D. hand-passed手工传递。根据下文“the supplies delivered by helicopters 可知，下文说的是直升机运送的物资，可推理出水是通过空运获得的，故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是每天看着船只上下航行，寻找在风暴中失踪的Smartie。A. hid隐藏；B. injured受伤；C. survived幸存；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“Thankfully, Smartie returned”可知，下文说的是谢天谢地，Smartie回来了，可推理出Smartie在风暴中消失了，所以作者需要寻找它，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：保持积极很难，但她的话安慰了我。A. comforted安慰；B. challenged挑战；C. disturbed打扰；D. shocked使震惊。根据上文“Mom encouraged me to see the good side of things”可知，上文说的是妈妈鼓励我看到事情好的一面，可推理出妈妈的鼓励对作者起到了安慰作用，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们躺在星空下，没有城市灯光的干扰，星星清晰可见。A. pollution污染；B. lights灯光；C. traffic交通；D. buildings建筑。根据上文“We lay under the stars, which were visible”可知，上文说的是我们躺在了清晰可见的星空下，可推理出此处说的是在没有城市灯光的情况下，星星清晰可见，故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。A. plans计划；B. advice建议；C. choice选择；D. hope希望。根据上文“Mom encouraged me to see the good side of things”可知，上文说的是妈妈鼓励我看到事情好的一面，可推理出这些美好的时刻让作者对未来充满希望，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们被救援并带到另一个城镇之前，日子过得像几个月一样。A. gathered聚集；B. bothered打扰；C. rescued救援；D. appointed任命。根据下文“taken to another town”可知，下文说的是被带到另一个城镇，可推理出作者和母亲在困境中被救援，故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，Smartie及时回来加入了我们。A. join加入；B. aid援助；C. entertain娱乐；D. visit拜访。根据上文“Thankfully, Smartie returned”可知，上文说的是谢天谢地，Smartie回来了，可推理出此处说的是Smartie回来和作者及母亲团聚，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然有些家庭仍然不在，但许多像我们一样的家庭已经回来了。A. given up放弃；B. come back回来；C. passed away去世；D. won out获胜。根据下文“We’re rebuilding our homes and lives”可知，下文说的是我们重建我们的家和我们的生活，可推理出许多家庭也像他们一样回来了，故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我们有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星星，它们的美丽激励我们前进。A. clouds云；B. sun太阳；C. stars星星；D. moon月亮。根据上文“We lay under the stars”以及下文“their beauty inspiring us to move forward”可知，上文说的是在经历苦难的时候，作者一家躺在星空下，下文说的是它们的美丽激励我们前进，可推理出星星在作者心中是希望的象征，现在他们再次仰望星星，汲取前进的力量，故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to the Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world. It plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the global ecosystems. Covering an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half ___36___ size of China. It is named after the Amazon River, which is close to 6,400 kilometres in ___37___ (long). Of the 390,000 plant species ___38___ (know) to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable ___39___ (vary) of wildlife. Various ___40___ (live) things survive here, making up the forest’s food chain. This rich tapestry of life includes birds, reptiles and mammals, many of ___41___ are found nowhere else on Earth. The Amazon rainforest fixes carbon and produces over 20% of all the Earth’s oxygen, breathing life into the planet and serving ___42___ a vital organ in the body of our world. However, over the past 50 years about 17% of the rainforest ___43___ (disappear) due to human activities. We have to think about the question of whether we can afford ___44___ (damage) the “lungs of the planet”, and what the ____45____ (consequence) will be if we continue on this path of environmental degradation (退化). 【答案】36. the 37. length 38. known 39. variety 40. living 41. which 42. as 43. has disappeared 44. to damage 45. consequences 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍亚马逊雨林的重要性、生物多样性、生态功能以及面临的威胁。 【36题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：亚马逊雨林面积约 600 万平方公里，超过中国面积的一半。“the size of...”表示“…… 的大小”，这里用定冠词the特指中国的面积，故填the。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：它以亚马逊河命名，亚马逊河长度近 6400 公里。“in + 名词”表示 “在…… 方面”，“long”的名词形式是“length”，“in length”意为“在长度方面”，故填length。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们已知的 39 万种植物中，超过 4 万种可以在亚马逊找到。“plant species”与“know”之间是被动关系，即植物物种被我们所知，用过去分词作后置定语，故填known。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：森林的不同层次养育着数量惊人的野生动物。“a variety of...”是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的……”，“vary”的名词形式是“variety”，故填variety。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：各种各样的生物在这里生存，构成了森林的食物链。这里修饰名词 “things”，用形容词，“live”的形容词形式“living” 意为“活着的”，“living things” 表示 “生物”，故填living。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这种丰富的生命交织体包括鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物，其中许多在地球上其他地方都找不到。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“birds, reptiles and mammals”，指物，关系词在从句中作“of”的宾语，用which 引导，故which。 【42题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：亚马逊雨林固定碳元素，产生了地球上超过 20% 的氧气，为地球注入生机，就像地球这个身体里的一个重要器官。“serve as...”是固定搭配，意为“充当……，作为……”，故填as。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，在过去的 50 年里，由于人类活动，大约 17% 的雨林已经消失了。根据 “over the past 50 years” 可知，这里强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语“about 17% of the rainforest”表示单数概念，助动词用has，“disappear”的过去分词是“disappeared”，故填has disappeared。 【44题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：我们必须思考一个问题，即我们是否能够承受得起破坏 “地球之肺” 的后果，如果我们继续走这条环境退化的道路，后果将会是什么。“afford to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“负担得起做某事”，故填to damage。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：我们必须思考一个问题，即我们是否能够承受得起破坏 “地球之肺” 的后果，如果我们继续走这条环境退化的道路，后果将会是什么。根据语境，这里指多种后果，用名词复数，“consequence”的复数形式是“consequences”，作主语。故填 consequences。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 David的家乡遭遇了特大洪涝灾害，损失惨重，David 自己也受了伤。请你给他写一封信，要点如下： ( 1 ) 给予安慰和鼓励； ( 2 ) 为他提供帮助。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。 Dear David, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear David, I’m so sad to know that a heavy flood struck your hometown the other day. I’m writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. I know that your hometown has been badly destroyed and you are physically hurt and mentally affected as well. I do feel bad about this and I hope you can get recovered soon. Meanwhile, never lose heart and don’t forget I am by your side though I cannot fly there to fight against the disaster alongside you. I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible. Wish you all the best. And feel free to contact me if you need any more help. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给David写一封信，给予安慰和鼓励以及为他提供帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 悲伤的：sad→sorrowful 担心：concern→worry 恢复：get recovered→get better 有用的：useful→helpful 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：I know that your hometown has been badly destroyed and you are physically hurt and mentally affected as well. 拓展句：Not only has your hometown has been badly destroyed, but also you are physically hurt and mentally affected as well. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】And feel free to contact me if you need any more help.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jeremy Savage aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, were close friends. They grew up together because their parents were friends, too. Every autumn, the two families would go together on a trip to the Rocky Mountains. This year, under the guidance of park workers, they camped on the hillside. After putting up the tents, the two boys announced to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves next morning and promised to back before dusk. Next morning, the boys set out with a backpack packed with food and water, the autumn breeze pinking their cheeks. Along the winding path, they glanced at a sea of colourful leaves spreading beneath their feet. As they got near to the top, the path was rocky and less-traveled. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop. Lost in the breathtaking scenery, they felt refreshed from tiredness. How worthwhile the trip was! Having got enough rest, Jeremy and Ian decided to climb down. Suddenly, trouble began. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. “Help!” Jeremy shouted. NO REPLY. “Help!Help!” Jeremy almost cried. But still no replies. If only I had brought my mobile phone in the bag, Jeremy mouthed, regretful and sad. Taking a deep breath, he tried to calm himself down. Then he noticed Ian was bleeding. So he cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. Jeremy used an extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together against a rock. However, as darkness started to fall, the weather turned cold and windy and help still didn’t arrive. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右: 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In low spirits, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Exhausted, Jeremy felt hopeless again with Ian on his back. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: In low spirits, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents. But Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night. Cold autumn wind made Jeremy shivering. Disappointment welled up inside him. Jeremy knew he had to do something other than staying still. Weighing the pros and cons, Jeremy finally decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, Jeremy carried Ian on his back and they started the long climb back to the campsite. But the mountainous path was even tougher and more rocky for Jeremy to climb down, let alone Ian was on his back. Exhausted, Jeremy felt hopeless again with Ian on his back. Ian begged Jeremy to leave him alone again. Jeremy felt a surge of bitterness and shook his head without a word. Suddenly, a beam of light flashed. Great joy consumed them and Jeremy shouted his loudest “help”. Out came a park worker with a flashlight, who was searching for the boys. With the help of the worker, they were rescued and reunited with their concerned parents. “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.” 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeremy Savage和Ian Marshall在爬山过程中，Ian从三米高的地方掉了下来，受了严重的伤。Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“Ian情绪低落，让Jeremy离开他，回到父母身边。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“Jeremy筋疲力尽，Ian在他的背上，他再次感到绝望。”可知，第二段可描写二人获救的过程。 2.续写线索：冻得瑟瑟发抖——决定背Ian下山——回程很艰难——Ian乞求Jeremy丢下他——Jeremy摇头——一束光闪烁——二人欣喜若狂——工作人员帮助——二人获救 3.词汇激活 行为类 发抖：shiver/tremble 帮助：help/assist 拯救：save/rescue 情绪类 欣喜若狂：great joy consume sb./be wild with joy 失望：disappointment/despair 【点睛】[高分句型1] Weighing the pros and cons, Jeremy finally decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain.(运用了现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Out came a park worker with a flashlight, who was searching for the boys.(运用了全部倒装以及who引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$