精品解析：天津市滨海新区2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

滨海新区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末检测卷 高一年级英语学科 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(听力)、第Ⅱ卷(选择题)、第Ⅲ卷(非选择题)三部分。第Ⅰ卷为第1页至第2页，第Ⅱ卷为第3页至第12页，第Ⅲ卷为第13页至第14页。试卷满分150分。考试时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 听力(满分30分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why did the woman thank the man? A. He took care of her car. B. He lent his car to her. C. He forgot to borrow her car. 2. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi. 3. Why does the man have no time to help the woman? A. He must go to his office at once. B. He has a question to answer. C. He has a lecture to give very soon. 4. What is the woman going to do this weekend? A. Stay at home. B. Go to see a film. C. Go for a picnic. 5. What's the woman's favorite festival? A. Christmas. B. Halloween. C. Thanksgiving Day. 第二节 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 听下面三段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where is the man doing a project about the environment? A. At a library. B. At school. C. At a lab. 7. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To get information about a project. B. To know about her job. C. To do research on greenhouse effect. 8. What will the man do next? A. Do some reading. B. Move some books. C. Solve the woman's problem. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What time did the man report the incident to the police? A. About 12:00 a. m. B. About 2:00 a. m. C. About 5:00 a. m. 10. What was the man doing when he first saw the UFO? A. Driving home. B. Watching TV at home. C. Having dinner in a restaurant. 11. What jumped out in front of the man's car? A. A giant deer. B. A strange man. C. A hairy alien. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15 小题。 12. Where did Alice Walker attend her second college? A. Eatonton. B. Atlanta. C. New York. 13. What is her husband? A. A lawyer. B. A teacher. C. A poet. 14. How old was Alice Walker when she first met Langston Hughes? A.20. B.21. C.22. 15. What did Alice Walker think of Langston Hughes? A. Kind and helpful. B. Great but mean. C. Brave and famous. 第Ⅱ卷 选择题(满分90分) 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分52.5分) 第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. — I’m afraid I will be fired for the mistake I made in my work. — _________! It can’t be as bad as all that. A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Hold on D. No problem 2. When you consider what your weaknesses are, think about how to _________ them rather than complain. A. transform B. recognize C. attract D. overcome 3. Mr Lee hurried home from his holiday. Something _________ must have happened to his company, I think. A. sensitive B. urgent C. immediate D. violent 4. _________ you are determined to go abroad for further study, you needn’t care about what others think of it. A. Even if B. Although C. Now that D. Unless 5. Susan was very excited because she had passed the driving test at her first ________. A. attempt B. signal C. account D. shade 6. In all fields of life, particularly within the commercial world, when _________ effectively, competition can bring many benefits. A. managing B. having managed C. managed D. to be managed 7. — Why don’t we open the air-conditioner? It is too hot. — Because the remote control for it _________. A. will be repaired B. is being repaired C. was repaired D. has repaired 8. The ship sank as a result of knocking into the rocks. Fortunately, the sailors on board were _________ by a passing boat. A. made up B. set up C. turned up D. picked up 9. No one can succeed ________. It is hard work and great determination to overcome difficulties that lead to their success. A. by nature B. by mistake C. by design D. by accident 10. Although science and technology is developing rapidly, scientists can’t predict the earthquake _________. A. precisely B. gradually C. normally D. frequently 11. — I think we have met the idiom before. — Yes. It was in the reading material _________ we read yesterday _________we met it. A. where; when B. that; when C. /; that D. / ; / 12. Susan won first prize in the end-of-term examination, which _________ her parents’ expectations. A. made use of B. lived up to C. caught up with D. stood up to 13. The terrible news was that the new virus _________ among animals was starting to infect human beings. A. was spreading B. spread C. spreading D. was spread 14. It is uncertain_________ policies will be published after the government announces its reform plan. A. that B. whether C. which D. what 15. —I suggest that you have a healthy breakfast every day. —_________. I’ll follow your advice. A. Thank you for your concern B. You are welcome C. I’d love to but I have no time D. I’m looking forward to it 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In terms of human motivation, nothing will change until you are unsatisfied with the way things are. It is ____16____ to be engaged in complaint about the things we lack or what has not been ____17____. The truth is to look in the mirror and ____18____ that the only person stopping you from achieving your success is yourself. No one else is ____19____ your way. The key is that you should make a change! ____20____ you make the resolution (决心), make a plan of how to change the current situation. A detailed plan of action will help you move ahead and ____21____ what you want. Create a ____22____ daily, weekly and monthly to keep yourself on the path. ____23____, things don’t turn out the way you want them to. So, in order to reach your destination, the first step is for you to ____24____. You are a mind with a body, so change your mind and ____25____ your body so that you can be engaged in what is necessary for you to win. Change your attitude, change your thinking, and change your ____26____. Whatever needs to be changed, you have the ____27____ to change it. To win anything, you need to be determined and ____28____ to get what you want. Nothing will ____29____ come to you. Life is a struggle, but anything in life worth ____30____ is worth working for. No one in life will give you anything. You can ____31____ realize that you are going to have to earn it and know that it will be hard work to get what you want. ____32____ comes easily. Are you ready to plan to win or will you continue to plan to ____33____? It’s your choice and you are given this choice every day. It takes hard work to achieve success,not ____34____. So choose. If not now, ____35____? If not you, WHO? 16. A. fortunate B. easy C. serious D. surprising 17. A. prepared B. planned C. achieved D. offered 18. A. understand B. describe C. explain D. suspect 19. A. above B. on C. beyond D. in 20. A. While B. Once C. Unless D. Though 21. A. get B. miss C. remember D. lose 22. A. stage B. strategy C. thought D. goal 23. A. Strangely B. Particularly C. However D. Eventually 24. A. struggle B. resist C. change D. face 25. A. direct B. remind C. demand D. assist 26. A. arrangement B. behavior C. preference D. position 27. A. value B. intention C. power D. example 28. A. driven B. affected C. informed D. required 29. A. even B. just C. still D. almost 30. A. searching B. presenting C. striking D. having 31. A. fully B. willingly C. obviously D. slightly 32. A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything 33 A. follow B. accept C. fail D. drag 34. A. chance B. courage C. purpose D. luck 35. A. WHY B. WHERE C. HOW D. WHEN 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exercise when you are tired. After a long and tiring day of work, an offer to exercise might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, it is a physical activity that can provide the missing energy. The research shows that just one 30-minute-long moderate-intensity (中等强度的) exercise reduces tiredness, improves emotions and dispels the sad thoughts. Write by hand to activate the brain. The researchers say that although typing with the computer succeeds in systematizing material quickly, it is much better to memorize the whole thing by writing it all down with your hand. Specialists say that to learn something necessary, we need to absorb it and some notes taken by hand can help to absorb or learn more information. Improve relationships by spending less time together Running from one event to another without a chance to breathe can damage personal relationships. A recent study shows that by taking time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have an opportunity to think and avoid acting impulsively (冲动地). And you get to know yourself better. Do not drink diet carbonated beverages if you want to lose weight. To get rid of unnecessary pounds it is suggested that people give up soda water in general, including dietary. The research shows that overweight adults, who are drinking a diet soda with food, take in more calories (卡路里) than those who drink regular soda. On a hot day drink hot but not cold beverages. What cools more during a hot summer morning: cold or hot coffee? Two recent studies show that in fact, it is the hot coffee that makes people cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will assess the change in temperature and increase the act of sweating. So we sweat to cool down. 36. According to the passage, exercising when people feel tired can ________ . A. cause great damage to the body B. help to make up for the lost energy C. make people feel even more tired D. lead to long and deep sleep 37. The underlined word “dispels” can be replaced by ________ . A. displays B. brings about C. drives away D. runs out of 38. Which is advised to do in this passage? A. Take notes with the computer to save time. B. Write by hand to better memorize things. C. Spend more time staying with friends. D. Take part in more social activities to meet new people. 39. To cool down on hot summer days, we’d better drink ________ . A. hot water B. icy coffee C. diet soda water D. cold regular soda water 40. Which method does the author use to develop the passage? A. Telling stories. B. Giving examples. C. Making comparisons. D. Presenting research results. B John Bramblitt is an artist who learned to see through his paintbrush when his world went dark. Before going blind at the age of 30, he had never painted before. But now his works are talked about around the world, and his experience is inspiring millions. Bramblitt is an artist whose work is defined by fearless and expressive palettes (调色板), and speaks volumes. The meanings he expresses in his works are diverse. It is hard to imagine that the man behind the colorful paintings is a blind man. Fourteen years ago he suffered complications from epilepsy (癫痫) that left him irreversibly blind. “When I first lost my sight I was really angry. I was so angry that I wouldn’t admit that I was angry. I was angry at everything. Everything in the world that was important in my life seemed to be taken away from me. I couldn’t leave my apartment by my own. I couldn’t read, and I couldn’t write anymore,” he said. Losing his eyesight was a turning point in Bramblitt’s life. He calls it “the deepest,darkest hole.” But he eventually climbed out of that hole, by picking up the paintbrush. “I had thought about painting before. It might be horrible to say, but I didn’t think I’d be very good at it. When I lost my sight, I thought well I didn’t have to look at it anyway, so I thought I would give it a try,” he said. “When I first started painting, I never thought of showing it to anybody ever. It’s just something that I needed to do, to let it out. The whole thing of painting is really symbolic to prove that I still have some sort of perception (感知) that I could still see. He has never seen his wife or his young son but it is clear that he knows exactly what they look like. His portraits are proof that his fingertips are every bit as perceptive as his eyes once were. Bramblitt’s art is gaining notice in galleries around the world. He can often be found in museums or at schools, teaching his technique and what he has learned about life and color to children. 41. What does the underlined part “speaks volumes” mean in Paragraph One? A. earns a lot. B. means a lot. C. gains much respect. D. succeeds in expression. 42. What was John Bramblitt’s life-changing event? A. His first painting exhibition. B. His teaching career in museums and schools. C. His marriage and having a son. D. His suffering from epilepsy and becoming blind. 43. Which of the following is TRUE? A. It was harder for Bramblitt to paint after he was blind. B Bramblitt had more time to learn to paint after he got blind. C. Bramblitt had been afraid that what he was going to paint would look bad. D. It was much better for the blind to learn to paint. 44. We can infer from the passage that ________ . A. Bramblitt had sold everything to stop his blindness B. Bramblitt learned to paint to show his talent in painting C. Bramblitt’s works attract wide attraction in the world D. Bramblitt paints a picture directly by the image in his mind 45. What is the best title of the passage? A. Painting a New World in Darkness B. The Dilemma of a Blind Artist C. Epilepsy and Its Impact D. Teaching Art after Losing Sight C Cigarettes aren’t good for any animal’s health, but leaving it to nature has helped find a way of putting their poisonous ingredients to use. One kind of bird has apparently begun using cigarette butts (烟蒂). to pack their nests in order to keep ticks (a small insect) out, reports New Scientist. Ticks bring a major health risk to young urban house finches (雀科小鸟), taking in their blood and even eating their feathers. So finch parents do everything they can to keep their nests tick-free, but it’s not easy. At some point, the birds must have noticed that when cigarette butts are used to pack the nest, the ticks stay away. It’s extraordinarily innovative and adaptive behavior, even if it means having to live in a virtual ashtray (烟灰缸). The researchers weren’t sure if cigarette-decorated nests were actually providing protection from pests, or if there was some other explanation for the strange behavior. So Constantino Macias Garcia and colleagues at the National Autonomous University of Mexico conducted a study involving 32 finches. The team added live ticks to 10 of the nests, added dead ticks to another 10 and left 12 free of ticks. Sure enough, finch parents were significantly more likely to add cigarette butts to their nests if they contained ticks. Furthermore, the weight of cigarette butt material added to nests was 40 percent greater on average when live ticks were involved instead of dead ones. Macias Garcia found that there was a secondhand cost for the birds, however. Packing nests with cigarette butts isn’t good for the birds either. “The butts cause genetic damage to finches by affecting cell division, which we assessed by looking at their red blood cells,” he said. The researchers will need to conduct a long-term study to know exactly how living with cigarette butts impacts bird populations. 46. What do urban house finches use cigarette butts for? A. Keeping warm from cold wind. B. Building their nests more easily. C. Making their babies feel comfortable. D. Preventing ticks from living in their nests. 47. What can we learn about urban house finches in Paragraph 2? A. Many young urban house finches have been killed by ticks. B. Finch parents are always good at dealing with ticks. C. They are commonly regarded as dirty birds. D. The author thinks highly of their use of cigarette butts. 48. Which of the following had the most cigarette butt material in the experiment? A. The 12 nests with no ticks at all. B. The 12 nests weighing 40 percent heavier. C. The 10 nests with live ticks. D. The 10 nests with dead ticks. 49. According to Macias Garcia, ________ . A. cigarette butts can do some harm to the birds B. the birds did not take home cigarette butts purposely C. the birds’ behavior increases the cost of environmental protection D. living with cigarette butts will reduce bird populations 50. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A fashion magazine. B. A scientific journal. C. A travel-guide book. D. A cooking recipe book. 第Ⅲ卷 非选择题 (满分30分) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It was a few years ago. A friend had sent me a restaurant gift card for Christmas and I picked a pretty, sunny Sunday afternoon to use it. It felt good taking my two grown sons and daughter to a nice sit-down restaurant instead of the fast-food places we usually ate at. The meal was delicious and we all had a good time. When the waitress brought the check, I looked down at it. The gift card covered almost all of it. I reached into my wallet to get enough cash to cover the rest. I saw two bills in the front of it. The first would cover the rest of the bill and give the waitress a nice tip. The second bill was much larger so I reached down to pick out the first one. At that moment my mind flashed back to 30 years ago. I was working as a helper in a restaurant much like the one. It was long hours of hard work for low pay. I went home just barely making enough to feed my young family. I also remembered how more than once I saw the waitress counting their meager tips while worrying about how they were going to pay the rent and other things. I remembered the pain and sadness in their eyes at the end of the day. I blinked and was back in the present again. My fingers touched the smaller bill in my wallet. I smiled, pushed it back down and picked out the much larger bill. I folded it around the gift card and covered both of them with the check. As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress. “You keep the change,” I said with a smile and a happy heart. We are all one family in this world. We live together, laugh together and suffer together. Do your best to be a good person and love others. Replace the suffering with joy. 51. Why did the author initially want to use the first bill to pay? (no more than 15words) ____________________________________________________________ 52. How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 2? (no more than 3words) ____________________________________________________________ 53. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? (no more than 8 words) ____________________________________________________________ 54. What kind of person is the author? (no more than 5 words) ____________________________________________________________ 55. What was the last time you did a good deed? Please explain it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达(满分20分) 56. 你所在城市的国际敬老院要招聘十名志愿者，请你根据表格所提供的信息用英语写一篇招聘广告。标题已给出，不计入总词数。 主题 国际敬老院志愿者 需要人数 十名青年人 工作时间 每周六上午9:00-12:00 工作内容 为老人打扫房间、洗衣服； 为老人进行才艺展示。 应聘条件 有爱心，能保证工作时间； 能够用英语进行简单的交流； 有表演才华者优先。 注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 国际敬老院 the international nursing home Ten Volunteers Are Wanted _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 滨海新区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末检测卷 高一年级英语学科 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(听力)、第Ⅱ卷(选择题)、第Ⅲ卷(非选择题)三部分。第Ⅰ卷为第1页至第2页，第Ⅱ卷为第3页至第12页，第Ⅲ卷为第13页至第14页。试卷满分150分。考试时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 听力(满分30分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why did the woman thank the man? A. He took care of her car. B. He lent his car to her. C. He forgot to borrow her car. 2. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi. 3. Why does the man have no time to help the woman? A. He must go to his office at once. B. He has a question to answer. C. He has a lecture to give very soon. 4. What is the woman going to do this weekend? A. Stay at home. B. Go to see a film. C. Go for a picnic. 5. What's the woman's favorite festival? A. Christmas. B. Halloween. C. Thanksgiving Day. 第二节 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 听下面三段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where is the man doing a project about the environment? A. At a library. B. At school. C. At a lab. 7. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To get information about a project. B. To know about her job. C. To do research on greenhouse effect. 8. What will the man do next? A. Do some reading. B. Move some books. C. Solve the woman's problem. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What time did the man report the incident to the police? A. About 12:00 a. m. B. About 2:00 a. m. C. About 5:00 a. m. 10. What was the man doing when he first saw the UFO? A. Driving home. B. Watching TV at home. C. Having dinner in a restaurant. 11. What jumped out in front of the man's car? A. A giant deer. B. A strange man. C. A hairy alien. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15 小题。 12. Where did Alice Walker attend her second college? A. Eatonton. B. Atlanta. C. New York. 13. What is her husband? A. A lawyer. B. A teacher. C. A poet. 14. How old was Alice Walker when she first met Langston Hughes? A.20. B.21. C.22. 15. What did Alice Walker think of Langston Hughes? A. Kind and helpful. B. Great but mean. C. Brave and famous. 第Ⅱ卷 选择题(满分90分) 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分52.5分) 第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. — I’m afraid I will be fired for the mistake I made in my work. — _________! It can’t be as bad as all that. A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Hold on D. No problem 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我担心我会因为工作中犯的错误而被解雇。——振作起来！事情不会那么糟的。A. Good luck祝你好运；B. Cheer up振作起来；C. Hold on坚持；D. No problem没问题。由“It can’t be as bad as all that”可知，是在安慰对方，鼓励对方不要过于悲观，空格处意为“振作起来”。故选B。 2. When you consider what your weaknesses are, think about how to _________ them rather than complain. A. transform B. recognize C. attract D. overcome 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你考虑自己的弱点是什么时，想想如何克服它们，而不是抱怨。A. transform转换；B. recognize识别；C. attract吸引；D. overcome克服。由“When you consider what your weaknesses are”可知，句子表示“当你考虑自己的弱点是什么时，想想如何克服它们，而不是抱怨”，空格处意为“克服”。故选D。 3. Mr Lee hurried home from his holiday. Something _________ must have happened to his company, I think. A. sensitive B. urgent C. immediate D. violent 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：李先生在度假时突然匆忙赶回家。我想，一定是公司出了什么紧急状况。A. sensitive敏感的；B. urgent紧急的；C. immediate立即的；D. violent暴力的。根据“Mr Lee hurried home from his holiday. (李先生在度假时突然匆忙赶回家)”可知，形容词urgent“紧急的”符合题意，猜测李先生的公司出了紧急状况。故选B。 4. _________ you are determined to go abroad for further study, you needn’t care about what others think of it. A. Even if B. Although C. Now that D. Unless 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：既然你已下定决心出国深造，你就不必在意别人对此的看法。A. Even if即使，引导让步状语从句；B. Although尽管，引导让步状语从句；C. Now that既然，引导原因状语从句；D. Unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句。根据语境，“你已下定决心出国深造”是“不必在意别人看法”的原因，用now that引导原因状语从句。故选C项。 5. Susan was very excited because she had passed the driving test at her first ________. A. attempt B. signal C. account D. shade 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊非常兴奋，因为她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。A. attempt企图，尝试；B. signal信号；C. account账户；D. shade阴影。由“Susan was very excited because she had passed the driving test at her first”可知，句子表示“首次尝试就成功通过”，at one’s first attempt意为“第一次尝试”。故选A。 6. In all fields of life, particularly within the commercial world, when _________ effectively, competition can bring many benefits. A. managing B. having managed C. managed D. to be managed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在生活的各个领域，尤其是商业世界中，当竞争被有效管理时，它能带来很多好处。在when, while, if, as if, though (或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词；“when _________ effectively”是时间状语从句，原句为“when competition is managed effectively”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略competition is后，应保留过去分词managed。故选C项。 7. — Why don’t we open the air-conditioner? It is too hot. — Because the remote control for it _________. A. will be repaired B. is being repaired C. was repaired D. has repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：——我们为什么不打开空调呢？天气太热了。——因为它的遥控器正在维修。由“Why don’t we open the air-conditioner”可知，空调不能用，因为正在被维修，因此句子用现在进行时的被动语态，主语it是单数，因此空格处是is being repaired。故选B。 8. The ship sank as a result of knocking into the rocks. Fortunately, the sailors on board were _________ by a passing boat. A. made up B. set up C. turned up D. picked up 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这艘船因撞上礁石而沉没。幸运的是，船上的水手被一艘路过的船救起了。A. made up组成、编造；B. set up建立、设立；C. turned up出现、调高；D. picked up捡起、接载、救起。根据“by a passing boat.”可知，此处指水手们得救，动词短语picked up符合语境。故选D项。 9. No one can succeed ________. It is hard work and great determination to overcome difficulties that lead to their success. A. by nature B. by mistake C. by design D. by accident 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：没有人能偶然成功。正是努力工作和克服困难的巨大决心导致了他们的成功。A. by nature天生地，自然地，B. by mistake错误地，意外地；C. by design故意地，有目的地；D. by accident偶然地，意外地。根据句意，此处表示没有人能偶然成功，与后半句形成对比，说明成功不是偶然的，而是靠努力实现的。故选D。 10. Although science and technology is developing rapidly, scientists can’t predict the earthquake _________. A. precisely B. gradually C. normally D. frequently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管科学技术正在迅速发展，但是科学家们还不能准确地预测地震。A. precisely准确地；B. gradually逐渐；C. normally通常，平常；D. frequently频繁地。由“scientists can’t predict the earthquake”和常识可知，科学家们还不能准确地预测地震，空格处意为“准确地”。故选A。 11. — I think we have met the idiom before. — Yes. It was in the reading material _________ we read yesterday _________we met it. A. where; when B. that; when C. /; that D. / ; / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：——我认为我们之前见过这个习语。——是的。正是在我们昨天读的阅读材料里我们见到了它。第一空处“we read yesterday”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the reading material”，关系词将其代入定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that引导从句，可省略；第二空处，整句使用强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，强调原句地点状语“in the reading material that we read yesterday”，其他部分用that引出。故选C项。 12. Susan won first prize in the end-of-term examination, which _________ her parents’ expectations. A. made use of B. lived up to C. caught up with D. stood up to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：苏珊在期末考试中获得了第一名，这没有辜负她父母的期望。A. made use of利用；B. lived up to不辜负；C. caught up with追上；D. stood up to抵抗。由“Susan won first prize in the end-of-term examination”可知，句子表示“没有辜负她父母的期望”，空格处意为“不辜负”。故选B。 13 The terrible news was that the new virus _________ among animals was starting to infect human beings. A. was spreading B. spread C. spreading D. was spread 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：糟糕的消息是，在动物中传播的新病毒开始感染人类了。“(spread) among animals”作后置定语，spread(传播)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the new virus之间是主动关系，且表示正在发生的动作，应用现在分词形式。故选C项。 14. It is uncertain_________ policies will be published after the government announces its reform plan. A. that B. whether C. which D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前尚不清楚政府公布改革计划后会发布哪些具体政策。引导主语从句，从句缺少定语，没有选择范围，故用what。故选D。 15. —I suggest that you have a healthy breakfast every day. —_________. I’ll follow your advice. A. Thank you for your concern B. You are welcome C. I’d love to but I have no time D. I’m looking forward to it 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我建议你每天都要吃一顿健康的早餐。——感谢您的关心。我会听从你的建议。A. Thank you for your concern感谢您的关心；B. You are welcome不客气；C. I’d love to but I have no time我很愿意，但我没时间；D. I’m looking forward to it我很期待。根据后文“I’ll follow your advice.”可知指感谢对方的关心。故选A。 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In terms of human motivation, nothing will change until you are unsatisfied with the way things are. It is ____16____ to be engaged in complaint about the things we lack or what has not been ____17____. The truth is to look in the mirror and ____18____ that the only person stopping you from achieving your success is yourself. No one else is ____19____ your way. The key is that you should make a change! ____20____ you make the resolution (决心), make a plan of how to change the current situation. A detailed plan of action will help you move ahead and ____21____ what you want. Create a ____22____ daily, weekly and monthly to keep yourself on the path. ____23____, things don’t turn out the way you want them to. So, in order to reach your destination, the first step is for you to ____24____. You are a mind with a body, so change your mind and ____25____ your body so that you can be engaged in what is necessary for you to win. Change your attitude, change your thinking, and change your ____26____. Whatever needs to be changed, you have the ____27____ to change it. To win anything, you need to be determined and ____28____ to get what you want. Nothing will ____29____ come to you. Life is a struggle, but anything in life worth ____30____ is worth working for. No one in life will give you anything. You can ____31____ realize that you are going to have to earn it and know that it will be hard work to get what you want. ____32____ comes easily. Are you ready to plan to win or will you continue to plan to ____33____? It’s your choice and you are given this choice every day. It takes hard work to achieve success,not ____34____. So choose. If not now, ____35____? If not you, WHO? 16. A. fortunate B. easy C. serious D. surprising 17. A. prepared B. planned C. achieved D. offered 18. A. understand B. describe C. explain D. suspect 19. A. above B. on C. beyond D. in 20. A. While B. Once C. Unless D. Though 21. A. get B. miss C. remember D. lose 22. A. stage B. strategy C. thought D. goal 23. A. Strangely B. Particularly C. However D. Eventually 24. A. struggle B. resist C. change D. face 25. A. direct B. remind C. demand D. assist 26. A. arrangement B. behavior C. preference D. position 27. A. value B. intention C. power D. example 28. A. driven B. affected C. informed D. required 29. A. even B. just C. still D. almost 30. A. searching B. presenting C. striking D. having 31. A. fully B. willingly C. obviously D. slightly 32. A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything 33. A. follow B. accept C. fail D. drag 34. A. chance B. courage C. purpose D. luck 35. A. WHY B. WHERE C. HOW D. WHEN 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讲述的是关于人类动力与成功的核心观点。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易抱怨我们缺少的东西或没有取得的成就。A. fortunate幸运的；B. easy容易的；C. serious严肃的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“be engaged in complaint about the things we lack”可知，我们很容易抱怨我们缺少的东西。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易抱怨我们缺少的东西或没有取得的成就。A. prepared准备；B. planned计划；C. achieved获得；D. offered提供。根据上文“complaint”可知，我们是容易抱怨还没有取得的成就。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实是，照照镜子，明白唯一阻止你获得成功的人是你自己。A. understand明白；B. describe描述；C. explain解释；D. suspect怀疑。根据下文“that the only person stopping you from achieving your success is yourself”可知，空后内容是我们要明白的事实。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：没有其他人妨碍你。A. above在……以上；B. on在……上面；C. beyond超出；D. in在……里面。根据上文“the only person stopping you from achieving your success is yourself”可知，唯一阻止你获得成功的人是你自己，所以其他人是不会妨碍你的，in your way意为“妨碍你”。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦你下定决心，就要制定一个如何改变现状的计划。A. While当……的时候；B. Once一旦；C. Unless除非；D. Though虽然。根据下文“you make the resolution (决心), make a plan of how to change the current situation”可知，一旦你下定决心，就要制定一个如何改变现状的计划。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个详细的行动计划会帮助你前进，得到你想要的。A. get得到；B. miss错过；C. remember记得；D. lose丢失。根据上文“A detailed plan of action will help you”可知，制定详细的计划可以帮助你得到你想要的。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天、每周、每月为自己设定一个目标，让自己走在正确的道路上。A. stage舞台；B. strategy策略；C. thought想法；D. goal目标。根据上文“A detailed plan”和下文“daily, weekly and monthly to keep yourself on the path”可知，制定计划就包括确定目标。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，事情并不会如你所愿。A. Strangely奇怪的是；B. Particularly尤其，特别；C. However然而；D. Eventually最后。根据下文“things don’t turn out the way you want them to”可知，前后句子是转折关系，空格处意为“然而”。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，为了到达你的目的地，第一步是你要改变。A. struggle挣扎；B. resist抵抗；C. change改变；D. face面对。根据第一段“The key is that you should make a change!”可知，要达到目的地，第一步就是要改变。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你拥有思想与躯体，所以要改变你的思想，指挥你的身体，让自己投身于赢得成功所必需的事情中。A. direct指挥；B. remind提醒；C. demand要求；D. assist帮助。根据下文“your body so that you can be engaged in what is necessary for you to win”可知，要用思想指挥身体，然后投身于赢得成功所必需的事情中。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：改变你的态度，改变你的思想，改变你的行为。A. arrangement安排；B. behavior行为；C. preference偏好；D. position位置。根据上文“Change your attitude, change your thinking, and change your”可知，此处说的意思是要改变态度，思想和行为。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论需要改变什么，你都有能力去改变它。A. value价值；B. intention目的；C. power力量；D. example例子。根据上文“You are a mind with a body”和“you have”可知，你拥有思想与躯体，你有能力改变需要改变的东西。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了赢得任何东西，你需要有决心和动力去得到你想要的东西。A. driven驱使；B. affected影响；C. informed告知；D. required要求。根据上文“you need to be determined”可知，你要有动力去得到你想要的东西，也就是被驱使去得到这个东西。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有什么是会不请自来的。A. even甚至；B. just仅仅，只，轻易地；C. still仍然；D. almost几乎。根据上文“you need to be determined”和下文“come to you”可知，没有什么是轻易得到的，空格处意为“仅仅；只；轻易地”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一场奋斗，但生活中任何值得拥有的东西都值得为之努力。A. searching搜索；B. presenting呈现；C. striking打，敲；D. having有。根据下文“worth working for”可知，值得拥有的东西都值得为之而努力奋斗，空格处意为“有”。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你要充分意识到，你必须自己去争取，并且要知道，要得到你想要的东西将是一项艰苦的工作。A. fully充分；B. willingly心甘情愿地；C. obviously显然；D. slightly稍微。根据下文“realize that you are going to have to earn it and know that it will be hard work to get what you want”可知，作者此处强调你要充分意识到你必须自己去争取。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：没有什么是轻易得来的。A. Something某物；B. Nothing没有什么；C. Everything一切；D. Anything任何东西。根据“comes easily”和常识可知，没有什么是轻易得来的，空格处意为“没有什么”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是准备好制定计划去赢得成功，还是继续计划着失败呢？A. follow跟随；B. accept接受；C. fail失败；D. drag拖。根据上文“Are you ready to plan to win or will you continue to plan”可知，你是准备好制定计划去赢得成功，还是继续计划着失败。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：取得成功需要努力，而不是运气。A. chance机会；B. courage勇气；C. purpose目的；D. luck运气。根据上文“It takes hard work to achieve success”和常识可知，成功是需要付出努力的，不是靠运气。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查疑问副词词义辨析。句意：如果不是现在，是什么时候？A. WHY为什么；B. WHERE哪里；C. HOW如何；D. WHEN什么时候。根据上文“If not now”可知，作者此处发问，如果不是现在努力，那么要什么时候努力呢。故选D。 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exercise when you are tired. After a long and tiring day of work, an offer to exercise might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, it is a physical activity that can provide the missing energy. The research shows that just one 30-minute-long moderate-intensity (中等强度的) exercise reduces tiredness, improves emotions and dispels the sad thoughts. Write by hand to activate the brain. The researchers say that although typing with the computer succeeds in systematizing material quickly, it is much better to memorize the whole thing by writing it all down with your hand. Specialists say that to learn something necessary, we need to absorb it and some notes taken by hand can help to absorb or learn more information. Improve relationships by spending less time together. Running from one event to another without a chance to breathe can damage personal relationships. A recent study shows that by taking time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have an opportunity to think and avoid acting impulsively (冲动地). And you get to know yourself better. Do not drink diet carbonated beverages if you want to lose weight. To get rid of unnecessary pounds it is suggested that people give up soda water in general, including dietary. The research shows that overweight adults, who are drinking a diet soda with food, take in more calories (卡路里) than those who drink regular soda. On a hot day drink hot but not cold beverages. What cools more during a hot summer morning: cold or hot coffee? Two recent studies show that in fact, it is the hot coffee that makes people cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will assess the change in temperature and increase the act of sweating. So we sweat to cool down. 36. According to the passage, exercising when people feel tired can ________ . A. cause great damage to the body B. help to make up for the lost energy C. make people feel even more tired D. lead to long and deep sleep 37. The underlined word “dispels” can be replaced by ________ . A. displays B. brings about C. drives away D. runs out of 38. Which is advised to do in this passage? A. Take notes with the computer to save time. B. Write by hand to better memorize things. C. Spend more time staying with friends. D. Take part in more social activities to meet new people. 39. To cool down on hot summer days, we’d better drink ________ . A. hot water B. icy coffee C. diet soda water D. cold regular soda water 40. Which method does the author use to develop the passage? A. Telling stories. B. Giving examples. C Making comparisons. D. Presenting research results. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种生活建议，如疲劳时锻炼、手写笔记、适度独处、减肥不喝无糖汽水以及热天喝热饮等，并给出了相关研究结果。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“After a long and tiring day of work, an offer to exercise might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, it is a physical activity that can provide the missing energy.(经过漫长而疲惫的一天工作后，有人提议去锻炼可能听起来不像个好主意，但事实恰恰相反。实际上，运动正是一种能为你补充缺失能量的身体活动)”可知，当人们感到疲劳时锻炼可以帮助补充失去的能量。故选B项。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The research shows that just one 30-minute-long moderate-intensity (中等强度的) exercise reduces tiredness, improves emotions and dispels the sad thoughts.(研究表明，仅仅一次30分钟的中等强度运动就能减轻疲劳、改善情绪并dispels消极的想法)”中“reduces tiredness, improves emotions”可推知，运动有诸多好处，所以它也可以“驱散”消极的想法。划线词dispels意为“驱散”，与C项“drives away”意思相近。故选C项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Write by hand to activate the brain部分中“The researchers say that although typing with the computer succeeds in systematizing material quickly, it is much better to memorize the whole thing by writing it all down with your hand.(研究人员说，虽然用电脑打字能快速地将材料系统化，但用手写把所有内容记下来来记忆整个内容要好得多)”可知，文中建议用手写来更好地记忆东西。故选B项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Two recent studies show that in fact, it is the hot coffee that makes people cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will assess the change in temperature and increase the act of sweating. So we sweat to cool down.(最近的两项研究表明，事实上，是热咖啡让人感觉更凉爽。当你喝热的东西时，身体会评估温度的变化并增加出汗的行为。所以我们通过出汗来降温)”可知，在炎热的夏天为了降温，我们最好喝热水。故选A项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。文中第一段提到“The research shows that just one 30-minute-long moderate-intensity (中等强度的) exercise reduces tiredness, improves emotions and dispels the sad thoughts.(研究表明，仅仅一次30分钟的中等强度运动就能减轻疲劳、改善情绪并驱散悲伤的想法)”，第三段提到“A recent study shows that by taking time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have an opportunity to think and avoid acting impulsively (冲动地).(最近的一项研究表明，给自己一些时间，独自待一会儿，你就有机会思考并避免冲动行事)”，最后一段提到“Two recent studies show that in fact, it is the hot coffee that makes people cooler.(最近的两项研究表明，事实上，热咖啡会让人感觉更凉爽)”等内容，作者通过呈现这些研究结果来阐述各种生活建议。所以作者是通过呈现研究结果的方法来展开文章的。故选D项。 B John Bramblitt is an artist who learned to see through his paintbrush when his world went dark. Before going blind at the age of 30, he had never painted before. But now his works are talked about around the world, and his experience is inspiring millions. Bramblitt is an artist whose work is defined by fearless and expressive palettes (调色板), and speaks volumes. The meanings he expresses in his works are diverse. It is hard to imagine that the man behind the colorful paintings is a blind man. Fourteen years ago, he suffered complications from epilepsy (癫痫) that left him irreversibly blind. “When I first lost my sight I was really angry. I was so angry that I wouldn’t admit that I was angry. I was angry at everything. Everything in the world that was important in my life seemed to be taken away from me. I couldn’t leave my apartment by my own. I couldn’t read, and I couldn’t write anymore,” he said. Losing his eyesight was a turning point in Bramblitt’s life. He calls it “the deepest,darkest hole.” But he eventually climbed out of that hole, by picking up the paintbrush. “I had thought about painting before. It might be horrible to say, but I didn’t think I’d be very good at it. When I lost my sight, I thought well I didn’t have to look at it anyway, so I thought I would give it a try,” he said. “When I first started painting, I never thought of showing it to anybody ever. It’s just something that I needed to do, to let it out. The whole thing of painting is really symbolic to prove that I still have some sort of perception (感知) that I could still see. He has never seen his wife or his young son, but it is clear that he knows exactly what they look like. His portraits are proof that his fingertips are every bit as perceptive as his eyes once were. Bramblitt’s art is gaining notice in galleries around the world. He can often be found in museums or at schools, teaching his technique and what he has learned about life and color to children. 41. What does the underlined part “speaks volumes” mean in Paragraph One? A. earns a lot. B. means a lot. C. gains much respect. D. succeeds in expression. 42. What was John Bramblitt’s life-changing event? A. His first painting exhibition. B. His teaching career in museums and schools. C. His marriage and having a son. D. His suffering from epilepsy and becoming blind. 43. Which of the following is TRUE? A. It was harder for Bramblitt to paint after he was blind. B. Bramblitt had more time to learn to paint after he got blind. C. Bramblitt had been afraid that what he was going to paint would look bad. D. It was much better for the blind to learn to paint. 44. We can infer from the passage that ________ . A. Bramblitt had sold everything to stop his blindness B. Bramblitt learned to paint to show his talent in painting C. Bramblitt’s works attract wide attraction in the world D. Bramblitt paints a picture directly by the image in his mind 45. What is the best title of the passage? A. Painting a New World in Darkness B. The Dilemma of a Blind Artist C. Epilepsy and Its Impact D. Teaching Art after Losing Sight 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Bramblitt在30岁因癫痫失明后开始学画画，他的作品意义丰富，在世界上受到关注，他还向孩子们传授绘画技巧和生活感悟。 【41题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语后“The meanings he expresses in his works are diverse. (他在作品中表达的意义是多样的。)”可知，他的作品有很多意义。由此可推断“speaks volumes”意思是“意味着很多；意义重大”。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fourteen years ago, he suffered complications from epilepsy (癫痫) that left him irreversibly blind. (十四年前，他因癫痫并发症导致不可逆转的失明。)”和第三段中“Losing his eyesight was a turning point in Bramblitt’s life. (失去视力是Bramblitt生活的转折点。)”可知，他患癫痫并失明是他人生的转折点。故选D项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I had thought about painting before. It might be horrible to say, but I didn’t think I’d be very good at it. (我以前就想过画画。说出来可能很可怕，但我觉得自己不会画得很好。)”可知，Bramblitt之前一直担心自己画的东西会很难看，所以“Bramblitt had been afraid that what he was going to paint would look bad. (布兰布利特一直担心他要画的东西会看起来很糟糕。)”是正确表述。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bramblitt’s art is gaining notice in galleries around the world.(Bramblitt的艺术作品在世界各地的画廊受到关注。)”可推断，他的作品在世界上吸引了广泛的关注。故选C项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“When I lost my sight, I thought well I didn’t have to look at it anyway, so I thought I would give it a try (当我失明后，我想反正我也不用看它，所以我想我可以试一试)”以及最后一段中“Bramblitt’s art is gaining notice in galleries around the world. (Bramblitt的艺术作品在世界各地的画廊受到关注。)”可知，Bramblitt在黑暗(失明)中开始绘画并取得成就，开启了新的世界。A项“Painting a New World in Darkness. (在黑暗中描绘一个新世界。)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。 C Cigarettes aren’t good for any animal’s health, but leaving it to nature has helped find a way of putting their poisonous ingredients to use. One kind of bird has apparently begun using cigarette butts (烟蒂). to pack their nests in order to keep ticks (a small insect) out, reports New Scientist. Ticks bring a major health risk to young urban house finches (雀科小鸟), taking in their blood and even eating their feathers. So finch parents do everything they can to keep their nests tick-free, but it’s not easy. At some point, the birds must have noticed that when cigarette butts are used to pack the nest, the ticks stay away. It’s extraordinarily innovative and adaptive behavior, even if it means having to live in a virtual ashtray (烟灰缸). The researchers weren’t sure if cigarette-decorated nests were actually providing protection from pests, or if there was some other explanation for the strange behavior. So Constantino Macias Garcia and colleagues at the National Autonomous University of Mexico conducted a study involving 32 finches. The team added live ticks to 10 of the nests, added dead ticks to another 10 and left 12 free of ticks. Sure enough, finch parents were significantly more likely to add cigarette butts to their nests if they contained ticks. Furthermore, the weight of cigarette butt material added to nests was 40 percent greater on average when live ticks were involved instead of dead ones. Macias Garcia found that there was a secondhand cost for the birds, however. Packing nests with cigarette butts isn’t good for the birds either. “The butts cause genetic damage to finches by affecting cell division, which we assessed by looking at their red blood cells,” he said. The researchers will need to conduct a long-term study to know exactly how living with cigarette butts impacts bird populations. 46. What do urban house finches use cigarette butts for? A. Keeping warm from cold wind. B. Building their nests more easily. C. Making their babies feel comfortable. D. Preventing ticks from living in their nests. 47. What can we learn about urban house finches in Paragraph 2? A. Many young urban house finches have been killed by ticks. B. Finch parents are always good at dealing with ticks. C. They are commonly regarded as dirty birds. D. The author thinks highly of their use of cigarette butts. 48. Which of the following had the most cigarette butt material in the experiment? A. The 12 nests with no ticks at all. B The 12 nests weighing 40 percent heavier. C. The 10 nests with live ticks. D. The 10 nests with dead ticks. 49. According to Macias Garcia, ________ . A. cigarette butts can do some harm to the birds B. the birds did not take home cigarette butts purposely C. the birds’ behavior increases the cost of environmental protection D. living with cigarette butts will reduce bird populations 50. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A fashion magazine. B. A scientific journal. C. A travel-guide book. D. A cooking recipe book. 【答案】46. D 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市雀科小鸟用烟蒂筑巢来驱赶蜱虫，但烟蒂也会对它们造成基因损伤，还提及了相关研究情况。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One kind of bird has apparently begun using cigarette butts (烟蒂) to pack their nests in order to keep ticks (a small insect) out, reports New Scientist.(据《新科学家》报道，一种鸟类显然已经开始用烟蒂来筑巢，以驱赶蜱虫(一种小昆虫))”可知，城市雀科小鸟用烟蒂是为了驱赶蜱虫，防止蜱虫在它们的巢里生存。故选D项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At some point, the birds must have noticed that when cigarette butts are used to pack the nest, the ticks stay away. It’s extraordinarily innovative and adaptive behavior, even if it means having to live in a virtual ashtray (烟灰缸). (在某种程度上，鸟类想必早已发现，用烟蒂筑巢可以驱除蜱虫。即便代价是不得不生活在“虚拟烟灰缸”中，但这种行为极具创新性和适应性)”可知，作者高度评价了家雀使用烟蒂的行为，认为它们极具创新性和适应性。故选D项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sure enough, finch parents were significantly more likely to add cigarette butts to their nests if they contained ticks. Furthermore, the weight of cigarette butt material added to nests was 40 percent greater on average when live ticks were involved instead of dead ones.(果不其然，当鸟巢中有蜱虫时，雀鸟父母明显更倾向于叼来烟蒂筑巢。更值得注意的是，当面对活蜱虫而非死蜱虫时，鸟巢中烟蒂材料的平均重量会增加40%)”可知，在实验中，有活蜱虫的10个巢里烟蒂材料最多。故选C项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Macias Garcia found that there was a secondhand cost for the birds, however. Packing nests with cigarette butts isn’t good for the birds either. ‘The butts cause genetic damage to finches by affecting cell division, which we assessed by looking at their red blood cells,’ he said.(然而，马西亚斯·加西亚发现，这些鸟类也付出了间接代价。用烟蒂筑巢对鸟类也不好。“烟蒂会通过影响细胞分裂对雀科小鸟造成基因损伤，我们通过观察它们的红细胞来评估这一点，”他说)”可知，Macias Garcia认为烟蒂会对鸟类造成一些伤害。故选A项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“So Constantino Macias Garcia and colleagues at the National Autonomous University of Mexico conducted a study involving 32 finches.(所以墨西哥国立自治大学的康斯坦丁诺·马西亚斯·加西亚和他的同事们对32只雀科小鸟进行了一项研究)”以及后文对研究过程和结果的阐述可知，文章围绕鸟类使用烟蒂筑巢展开了科学研究和分析，所以这篇文章可能来自科学期刊。故选B项。 第Ⅲ卷 非选择题 (满分30分) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It was a few years ago. A friend had sent me a restaurant gift card for Christmas and I picked a pretty, sunny Sunday afternoon to use it. It felt good taking my two grown sons and daughter to a nice sit-down restaurant instead of the fast-food places we usually ate at. The meal was delicious and we all had a good time. When the waitress brought the check, I looked down at it. The gift card covered almost all of it. I reached into my wallet to get enough cash to cover the rest. I saw two bills in the front of it. The first would cover the rest of the bill and give the waitress a nice tip. The second bill was much larger so I reached down to pick out the first one. At that moment my mind flashed back to 30 years ago. I was working as a helper in a restaurant much like the one. It was long hours of hard work for low pay. I went home just barely making enough to feed my young family. I also remembered how more than once I saw the waitress counting their meager tips while worrying about how they were going to pay the rent and other things. I remembered the pain and sadness in their eyes at the end of the day. I blinked and was back in the present again. My fingers touched the smaller bill in my wallet. I smiled, pushed it back down and picked out the much larger bill. I folded it around the gift card and covered both of them with the check. As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress. “You keep the change,” I said with a smile and a happy heart. We are all one family in this world. We live together, laugh together and suffer together. Do your best to be a good person and love others. Replace the suffering with joy. 51. Why did the author initially want to use the first bill to pay? (no more than 15words) ____________________________________________________________ 52. How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 2? (no more than 3words) ____________________________________________________________ 53. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? (no more than 8 words) ____________________________________________________________ 54. What kind of person is the author? (no more than 5 words) ____________________________________________________________ 55 What was the last time you did a good deed? Please explain it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. Because the first one would cover the rest of the bill and the waitress’s tip./Because the second one was too large for the food and the tip. 52. Not much./Very small./Small./Very little./Little./Tiny. 53. The author’s final decision about giving tips./How the author tipped the waitress at last. 54. He was sympathetic/compassionate/kind/caring/loving. 55. My classmate was ill and missed class last week so I lent her my notes for her to catch up./I found a cat in the neighborhood last weekend, so I gave it some food and water. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在餐厅结账时，回忆起自己年轻时做服务员的艰辛经历，最终决定给予女服务员慷慨小费的故事。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The first would cover the rest of the bill and give the waitress a nice tip. The second bill was much larger so I reached down to pick out the first one. (第一张钞票可以支付剩余的账单，还能给服务员一笔不错的小费。第二张钞票金额要大得多，所以我弯腰选择了第一张)”可知，作者起初想选择第一张钞票，是因为第一笔钱可以支付剩下的账单和服务员的小费，或者是因为对于食物和小费来说，第二张太大了。故答案为：Because the first one would cover the rest of the bill and the waitress’s tip./Because the second one was too large for the food and the tip. 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“while worrying about how they were going to pay the rent and other things (一边发愁着该如何支付房租和其他开销)”可知，这笔小费不足以帮助女服务员们支付房租和其他开销，因此画线词意为“不多的”或“很少的”。故答案为：Not much./Very small./Small./Very little./Little./Tiny. 【53题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“My fingers touched the smaller bill in my wallet. I smiled, pushed it back down and picked out the much larger bill. I folded it around the gift card and covered both of them with the check. As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress. “You keep the change,” I said with a smile and a happy heart. (指尖触到钱包里那张面额较小的钞票时，我微笑着把它推回去，转而抽出了那张金额大得多的纸币。我将它和礼品卡叠在一起，用账单仔细盖住。当我们起身离席时，我把这些递给那位勤恳的女服务员。“不用找零了，”我笑着说道，心里涌动着暖意)”可知，本段主要叙述了作者关于给小费的最终决定，或作者最后是如何给女服务员小费的。故答案为：The author’s final decision about giving tips./How the author tipped the waitress at last. 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I remembered the pain and sadness in their eyes at the end of the day. (我记得那天结束时他们眼中的痛苦和悲伤)”和第三段中“As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress. “You keep the change,” I said with a smile and a happy heart. (当我们起身离席时，我把这些递给那位勤恳的女服务员。“不用找零了，”我笑着说道，心里涌动着暖意)”可知，作者对过去女服务员的遭遇充满理解，最终决定给予女服务员慷慨小费，这表明他富有同情心，或很善良，或很有爱心。故答案为：He was sympathetic/compassionate/kind/caring/loving. 【55题详解】 开放性试题。本题结合个人生活实际经历言之，有理即可。例如，“我”的同学上周病了，没去上课，所以“我”把我的笔记借给她，让她补上功课。/上周末“我”在附近发现了一只猫，所以“我”给了它一些食物和水。故答案为：My classmate was ill and missed class last week, so I lent her my notes for her to catch up./I found a cat in the neighborhood last weekend, so I gave it some food and water. 第二节 书面表达(满分20分) 56. 你所在城市的国际敬老院要招聘十名志愿者，请你根据表格所提供的信息用英语写一篇招聘广告。标题已给出，不计入总词数。 主题 国际敬老院志愿者 需要人数 十名青年人 工作时间 每周六上午9:00-12:00 工作内容 为老人打扫房间、洗衣服； 为老人进行才艺展示。 应聘条件 有爱心，能保证工作时间； 能够用英语进行简单的交流； 有表演才华者优先。 注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 国际敬老院 the international nursing home Ten Volunteers Are Wanted _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Ten Volunteers Are Wanted The international nursing home in our city needs ten young volunteers. What they need to do are as follows. Firstly, the applicants are expected to like to accompany the old and should be responsible people who can ensure the working time, from 9:00 to 12:00 in the morning on Saturday. Secondly, what the volunteers need to do in our home are to clean the room and wash clothes for the old. Sometimes volunteers will show their talents and perform together with our lovely old people. As for the requirements, the volunteers should be caring and can communicate with the old in English. It is a good chance for young people to practice their spoken English. Besides, priority will be offered to those who are good at performing. If you are interested, please contact us. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于招聘广告。要求考生根据表格信息，用英语写一篇国际敬老院招聘志愿者的广告。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 确保，保证：ensure → guarantee 展示：show → demonstrate 机会：chance → opportunity 擅长：be good at → do well in 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The international nursing home in our city needs ten young volunteers. 拓展句：The international nursing home which is located in our city needs ten young volunteers. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, the applicants are expected to like to accompany the old and should be responsible people who can ensure the working time, from 9:00 to 12:00 in the morning on Saturday. (运用了关系代词who引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Secondly, what the volunteers need to do in our home are to clean the room and wash clothes for the old. (运用了连接代词what引导主语定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$