精品解析：北京市东城区2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

东城区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末统一检测 高二英语 2025. 7 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It’s still dark as my husband and I walk down a forested road to the platform by the sea where our boat is waiting. We have ___1___ a fishing trip with a local guide. This is my first open-water fishing trip, and I’m nervous. More than nervous-pretty much terrified. The boat is small, with only two seats at the front. We’ll be ___2___ open water, maybe even beyond sight of land. Though I keep my anxiety to myself, my husband knows how much effort it is ___3___ me. We reach the boat, and our guide welcomes us aboard. And then we cast off and motor toward the deep water. I watch the sky lighten, reflecting on the ___4___ that has brought me to this moment. For most of my adult life, I’d chosen to stay ___5___ in my comfort zone whenever possible. As I reflected how I wanted to spend my remaining years, I knew I had to make some big ___6___. And so, this year I made a resolution to turn my relationship with fear upside down. Now, I am living with my decision to be ___7___, and by this point, I’m five months into my resolution. I’ve signed up for a dance performance-even though at forty-five I had no previous experience. I’ve faced my fear of ___8___, climbing mountain peaks. I’ve tried caving at a national park. And with each successful new experience, my ___9___ has grown. The wind buffets my face as the shoreline disappears behind our boat. The water isn’t glass, but it’s calmer than it could be. I begin to think that this fishing trip might actually become more than a test. I might ____10____ my time at sea. I can do this! 1. A. recorded B. shared C. recalled D. booked 2. A. searching for B. heading out for C. longing for D. making way for 3. A. costing B. teaching C. equipping D. helping 4. A. condition B. suggestion C. decision D. evaluation 5. A. safely B. proudly C. fortunately D. sincerely 6. A. impacts B. profits C. promises D. changes 7. A. friendly B. wise C. brave D. outgoing 8. A. losses B. heights C. darkness D. regrets 9. A. leadership B. patience C. confidence D. creativity 10. A. save B. enjoy C. kill D. employ 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Our library had a “Music in the Lobby” day and I registered to play old-time piano tunes. An elderly gentleman and his granddaughter stopped ____11____ (listen). Noticing he was unable to stand, I patted the bench alongside me and he took a seat ____12____ (slow). When I played the romantic love song “Strangers in the Night”, he began to sing. An audience gathered as the man accompanied me throughout the performance. At the end, he ____13____ (give) a standing applause. As the man left, his granddaughter whispered in my ear. “My grandpa has not sung a word since Grandma passed away,” she said. “Thank you for giving him his voice back.” B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since reducing meat and dairy can help with our planet’s climate, Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital is pioneering a strategy to get people to consume more plant-based food. Through research, the hospital has found that the foods ____14____(label) “vegetarian” tend to attract only a certain group of the hospital’s patients ____15____ have dietary restrictions. So they stopped mentioning “vegetarian” in the name of any dishes. So far, Faulkner Hospital ____16____ (see) a 2.2% decrease in total carbon emissions per calorie. What is more, vegetarian diets have helped diversify the patients’ diets, ____17____ (increase) their intake of healthful fiber, vitamins, and other micronutrients. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 If archaeologists (考古学家) are asked why their work is important, they are most likely to respond that it is ____18____ the same reasons that history is valued. By knowing our human past, we appreciate who we are and ____19____ we came from. Accordingly, by studying the past, we can inform our decisions about the future. Therefore, archaeology’s potential for educating more intelligent, involved, global ____20____ (citizen) is considerable. In classrooms, learning about archaeology helps students improve various skills across many disciplines and develop a sensitivity to other people and diverse cultures. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分) 第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Cycling holidays in the UK and Europe have never been easier for families, with paths to suit every ability from children to teens. Europe’s well-established cycling networks include dozens of child-friendly routes to help active families turn a weekend pastime into an exciting holiday. Whether circling lakes or tracking rivers, there’s a trip for every age and ability in the routes below. Van Gogh Cycle Route, Netherlands Cycling level: beginner-quiet and gentle; a great experience of cycling breaks. The villages, nature reserves and fields in northeastern Netherlands once caught the eye of Vincent van Gogh. This new route highlights the region and passes by the real-life scenes painted by the artist. The full route is around 30 miles and is perfect for young cyclists, following flat country paths and canal paths. Ciro Trail, Balkans Cycling level: confident, with some hills and a few off-road sections. This path follows the out-of-service railway from Mostar all the way to Dubrovnik. The station buildings have been transformed into cheap, bike-friendly guesthouses and cafes for service stations along the route, and young cyclists will be thrilled by the tunnel (隧道) sections. On the way, there are sparkling rivers for refreshing swims. Danube Cycle Path, Austria Cycling level: beginner-the cycle paths are flat and smooth, making them suitable for all. The full Danube Cycle Path, covering eight countries, is a bit ambitious for a family break, but some mini sections are ideal for the youngest riders. One of the best is the Austrian part from Linz to Vienna, following the flat riverside path through ancient towns, exploring castle ruins along the way. It’s a great journey for adventurous families to plan independently. Atlantic Coast Route, Portugal Cycling level: middle level-cycle as far as you like each day. Part of the European bicycle route network, the western end of the Atlantic Coast Route from Porto to Lisbon connects two great child-friendly cities. It’s an eight-day trip through one of Europe’s sunniest corners, skirting wide beaches, and fishing villages with fresh seafood. The attraction of seafood pizza at the day’s end will keep youngsters cycling hard on the tour. 21 The families taking the route in Balkans will ________. A. witness the scenes in masterpieces B. cycle through some rough tracks C. enjoy beautiful coast views D. travel by old train 22. Which route will a family most probably choose if they are history lovers? A. Van Gogh Cycle Route. B. Ciro Trail. C. Danube Cycle Path. D. Atlantic Coast Route. 23. What is the common feature among the four trips? A. Passing by culture-related cities. B. Requiring advanced cycling skills. C. Providing unique adventurous experiences. D. Including sections suitable for young riders. B Erik Ahlsten says firmly, “This is the best accommodation I’ve ever had.” His friend and neighbour Manfred Bachrach is equally enthusiastic. “I really like this way of living,” he says. “It’s very much my cup of tea.” The two are referring to their new home, Sallbo, an experiment in multigenerational living in southern Sweden. Sallbo consists of 51 apartments spread over four floors of a retirement home. More than half of the 72 residents are in their 70s, like Ahlsten and Bachrach; the rest are aged 18-25. All were selected after an extensive interview process to ensure a mix of personalities, backgrounds and values, and all had to sign a contract promising to spend at least two hours a week socialising with their neighbours. The project is organised by Helsingborgshem, a housing company, and results from an idea they had in 2016 due to concern about loneliness among older groups. Swedes are extremely independent-young people start living alone earlier than anywhere in Europe-a characteristic that continues into old age, with many elderly people choosing to remain in their own homes. Yet a sense of isolation (孤立) poses a real danger to health and remains common among retirees. “Our research showed that elderly people were feeling isolated from society and were very lonely in their everyday life. They were only mixing with others of the same age,” says Dragana Curovic, the project manager of Sallbo. The arrangement of Sallbo seems to be working for young and old. Ahlsten and Bachrach have been cooking dinners, doing repairs, and driving people around. In return, the younger residents help with modern technology and social media. “It’s a real community, and the mix of people works very well,” says Ahlsten. Since moving in, he’s joined the gardening group, the Sunday night movie club and learnt to play card games. “The whole building is like a family,” says Ali Soroush, a young man from Afghanistan. “There are parties all the time — every weekend it’s someone’s birthday or some celebration.” With loneliness on the rise and considered a genuine health risk, projects such as Sallbo are seen increasingly as a solution to isolation. “We hope people can have totally normal relationships between youngsters, the elderly and other people,” says Curovic. “We want to enhance people’s willingness to integrate, and it doesn’t merely start with housing.” 24. What can we learn about Sallbo? A. Its residents have similar backgrounds. B. Free accommodation is offered in Sallbo. C. It’s most Swedish retirees’ residential choice. D. Social communication is required of its residents 25. What led to the project of Sallbo? A. The worry over loneliness problem among the elderly. B. The profit from investing in housing the isolated people. C. The hope to balance the relationship between young and old. D. The traditional culture of individual independence in Sweden. 26. What does Ali Soroush think about Sallbo? A. Contribution-valued. B. Heart-warming. C. Duty-balanced. D. Cost-effective. C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants-unlike cars-somehow manage to avoid the problem of stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. The free flow of traffic becomes chaotic as the density (密度) of cars increases on a highway. At 15 vehicles per mile per lane, one driver tapping their brakes (刹车) can cause a continuous wave of crowding. “It’s a kind of phase transition, like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,” says Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo, who studies these jamming transitions. Nishinari’s previous research had shown that ants searching for food can maintain their flow even at high densities. So what’s their secret? In a recent study, researchers recorded the routes of the ants searching for food and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another-and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour are hardly likely to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals, which is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says Nicola Pugno, who studies sustainable engineering at the University of Trento in Italy. But self-driving cars, if they one day become universal, could have more cooperative programming. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to optimize traffic flow-perhaps, Pugno suggests, by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. This vehicle network would be analogous to ants searching for food, which use smell to adjust behavior while interacting with one another. “There is no leader, but this organization emerges anyway,” says Pugno. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam, as Nishinari says: don’t tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise result in a traffic jam with no obvious cause. “Just keeping away,” Pugno says, “can help traffic flow smoothly.” 27. What are the best words to describe ants’ group movement? A. Free and independent. B. Disciplined and orderly. C. Complex and invariable. D. Random and uncompetitive. 28. Why does Nishinari mention water in Paragraph 2? A. To confirm the existence of a phenomenon. B. To express agreement with a viewpoint. C. To explain an abstract concept. D. To present a research finding. 29. What does the underlined word “analogous” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Accustomed. B. Adaptable. C. Similar. D. Preferable. 30. Which would Nishinari and Pugno both agree with? A. Insects have less self-centered behavior. B. Leaderless interaction may relieve traffic pressure. C. Technology development will regulate human conduct. D. The study of biological functions helps better social behavior. D Cultural heritage is the symbol of our shared human history, including artifacts, traditions, languages, and knowledge that have been passed down through generations. Preserving and safeguarding cultural heritage has always been a critical mission. In the digital era, the mission has become a vital concern. Digitization of cultural content, such as museum collections or libraries, digital broadcasting of artistic performances, or digital born art and heritage are happening at a fast pace. While experiencing remarkable growth, the digital transformation presents unique challenges, such as the concerns about the cases where digital files may become unreadable or unusable due to outdated formats or hardware. However, this is not the biggest issue we encounter. The emergence of new digital cultural content has highlighted the limitations of existing intellectual property rights (IPR) systems in effectively handling the challenges posed by the digital era. In Europe, for instance, with the booming development of the digital gaming industry, some culture-related cases have raised specific IPR questions. Experts wonder if user-generated content from. digital games creates new copyright. The game itself is most often protected by copyright, but user-generated content, such as avatars (虚拟角色) created by players, is not necessarily covered by existing copyright laws. Another example is the inking culture of tattooing. In UK laws, an original tattoo is copyrightable work; however, it seems not to be the case for AI-generated tattoos. Both cases may lead to debates over ownership. As a result, museums often avoid sharing collections online due to a “chilling effect” — the fear of facing legal problems, like being responsible for breaking copyright laws, contract laws, or data protection rules. Cultural heritage preservation lies in striking a delicate balance between conservation of the past and transition to the future. The rapid advancements in technology offer exciting opportunities for digitizing, documenting, and preserving cultural heritage, providing broader access and immersive (沉浸式) experiences for global audiences, present and future. Furthermore, in the face of climate change, protecting cultural heritage becomes urgent as the world faces increasingly severe environmental challenges. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and temperature fluctuations threaten to destroy cultural artifacts and heritage sites. Since digital copies can serve as disaster backups (备份) to address climate-related damage, protecting cultural sites from climate change goes hand in hand with safeguarding heritage’s digital copies. All of these call for a balance between innovation and the preservation of cultural heritage’s authenticity and integrity, which necessitates respect for the variety of copyrights, management of rights and authorizations, and clear usage and access policies. Only by tackling the complex challenges posed by digitization can we ensure technology enriches rather than endangers our shared history. 31. What is the biggest challenge digitization poses to cultural heritage protection? A. The misinterpretation of the digital transformation. B. The potential failure of digital culture’s long-term sustainability. C. The difficulty in connecting culture digitization to cultural integrity. D. The insufficiency of intellectual property policies for digital culture. 32 What situation may result from the “chilling effect” mentioned in the passage? A. Museums refuse to display the original items of cultural artifacts. B. Galleries tighten the policies for e-format culture exchanges. C. Libraries restrict access to digital books on culture relics. D. Schools offer less cultural heritage-related courses. 33. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The necessity of protecting cultural heritage in digital forms. B. The significance of protecting cultural relics from natural damage. C. The possibility of using technology in cultural heritage preservation. D. The barrier of achieving both conservation and transition at the same time. 34. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advocate addressing existing issues. B. To promote the use of modern technology. C. To analyse the origins of current challenges. D. To explore the impact of innovation on tradition. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the last decade, STEM-Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math-has become increasingly defined as the symbol of development, success, and progress. Incoming college students are increasingly choosing majors like computer science, biology, and engineering, even if some of them are not particularly interested in those subjects. ____35____ However, this has subsequently left liberal arts and the importance of the field behind. ____36____ To answer the question, we need to consider what liberal arts are. Different from STEM, liberal arts are essentially the broad study of how the world works, assisting with students’ critical thinking, creative application, and social skills, ranging from topics like psychology and sociology to linguistics and history. Although today STEM-based education seems to be the most effective path to take for career prospects, liberal arts can produce just as much success. This is mainly due to the fact that a liberal arts education teaches students important soft, social skills, including clear and effective communication, error-free writing, problem-solving, and successful data analysis, among others. ____37____ Without them, how can a student properly prepare themselves for a career? In addition, students in liberal arts possess the most important characteristic of being more human. What they learn brings them distinctive social insights. ____38____ It not only translates into more humanized employees in the future workforce but also provides a significant positive effect, too. As much as AI has taken the world by storm, it does not take away from the fact that when someone calls customer service, they want to hear a human voice. They want someone who can considerately help them solve their problems on a more emotional level rather than just being assisted by a robot that follows a program. As society continues to evolve, and people’s needs and wants continue to change, merely sticking to practical, baseline solutions will not work. That’s exactly where liberal arts come in. ____39____ And that’s the beauty and importance of liberal arts. A. Why are students today seeking towards the field? B. Do liberal arts still matter in a STEM-driven world? C. These skills are what a good employee should have. D. Anyway, it seems like the “right” thing to do for their future. E. This nature generally can’t come from STEM-based education. F. That’s why both liberal arts and STEM are important for a progressive society. G AI will never be able to truly understand humanity as an actual human mind can. 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We live in a world where modern technology feeds into our urge for instant rewards. With just a click, we can watch videos, order food, or buy things online. This ease of accessing pleasures strengthens the temptation (诱惑) to give in to instant gratification rather than work towards long-term goals. Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. It dates back to the initial stages of humanity, when our ancestors lived in uncertain times with an unpredictable future. The unpredictable future made delaying gratification risky. This concept has become increasingly relevant in today’s world, providing us with a sense of satisfaction and achievement when we experience immediate rewards for our actions or decisions. When we move toward our goals, sometimes things get tough. Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. However, consistently giving in to the temptation of quick rewards can rewire our brains, affecting our capacity for patience and self-control and overshadowing the importance of long-term planning in every aspect of our lives. The immediate rewards offered by social media in the form of likes, shares, and comments can lead to addictive behaviours. Additionally, this trend can cause a lack of attention focus among users of all ages. The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies. The desire to avoid physical activities and choose immediate comfort outweighs the potential positive outcomes of improved fitness and well-being, leading us to skip exercise. The need for speedy outcomes can reduce our ability to wait for more rewarding achievements. Therefore, understanding how instant gratification affects us is an essential part of maintaining balance in life. Learning how to recognize when immediate rewards are helpful rather than holding back progress is key to having healthy relationships with ourselves and others around us. 40. What does instant gratification refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can instant gratification help us if it is used properly? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43 How will you avoid the negative impacts of instant gratification? (About 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim来信说他参加了学校文化艺术比赛并获奖，同时询问你喜欢的文化艺术形式，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺。 2. 分享你喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 东城区2024-2025学年度第二学期期末统一检测 高二英语 2025. 7 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It’s still dark as my husband and I walk down a forested road to the platform by the sea where our boat is waiting. We have ___1___ a fishing trip with a local guide. This is my first open-water fishing trip and I’m nervous. More than nervous-pretty much terrified. The boat is small, with only two seats at the front. We’ll be ___2___ open water, maybe even beyond sight of land. Though I keep my anxiety to myself, my husband knows how much effort it is ___3___ me. We reach the boat, and our guide welcomes us aboard. And then we cast off and motor toward the deep water. I watch the sky lighten, reflecting on the ___4___ that has brought me to this moment. For most of my adult life, I’d chosen to stay ___5___ in my comfort zone whenever possible. As I reflected how I wanted to spend my remaining years, I knew I had to make some big ___6___. And so, this year I made a resolution to turn my relationship with fear upside down. Now, I am living with my decision to be ___7___, and by this point, I’m five months into my resolution. I’ve signed up for a dance performance-even though at forty-five I had no previous experience. I’ve faced my fear of ___8___, climbing mountain peaks. I’ve tried caving at a national park. And with each successful new experience, my ___9___ has grown. The wind buffets my face as the shoreline disappears behind our boat. The water isn’t glass, but it’s calmer than it could be. I begin to think that this fishing trip might actually become more than a test. I might ____10____ my time at sea. I can do this! 1 A. recorded B. shared C. recalled D. booked 2. A. searching for B. heading out for C. longing for D. making way for 3. A. costing B. teaching C. equipping D. helping 4. A. condition B. suggestion C. decision D. evaluation 5. A. safely B. proudly C. fortunately D. sincerely 6. A. impacts B. profits C. promises D. changes 7. A. friendly B. wise C. brave D. outgoing 8. A. losses B. heights C. darkness D. regrets 9. A. leadership B. patience C. confidence D. creativity 10. A. save B. enjoy C. kill D. employ 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在当地导游的带领下，进行首次公开水域钓鱼之旅的经历。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经和当地导游预订了一次钓鱼之旅。A. recorded记录；B. shared分享；C. recalled回忆；D. booked预订。根据下文“We reach the boat, and our guide welcomes us aboard.”可知，作者和丈夫已经和当地导游预订了一次钓鱼之旅。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们将前往开阔水域，甚至可能超出陆地的视线。A. searching for寻找；B. heading out for前往；C. longing for渴望；D. making way for为……让路。根据下文“open water, maybe even beyond sight of land”可知，作者和丈夫将前往开阔水域。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我把焦虑藏在心里，但我丈夫知道这对我来说有多难。A. costing花费；B. teaching教；C. equipping装备；D. helping帮助。根据上文“More than nervous-pretty much terrified.”可知，虽然作者把焦虑藏在心里，但丈夫知道这对作者来说有多难，即需要付出多大的努力。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着天空变亮，思考着让我走到这一刻的决定。A. condition条件；B. suggestion建议；C. decision决定；D. evaluation评估。根据下文“And so, this year I made a resolution to turn my relationship with fear upside down.”可知，作者看着天空变亮，思考着让自己走到这一刻的决定。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的成年生活中，只要有可能，我都会选择安全地待在自己的舒适区。A. safely安全地；B. proudly自豪地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据下文“in my comfort zone whenever possible”可知，作者成年后，只要有可能，都会选择安全地待在自己的舒适区。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我思考如何度过余生时，我知道我必须做出一些重大改变。A. impacts影响；B. profits利润；C. promises承诺；D. changes改变。根据上文“As I reflected how I wanted to spend my remaining years”及下文“this year I made a resolution”可知，作者意识到自己必须做出一些重大改变。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我正坚持自己要勇敢的决定，到目前为止，我已经坚持五个月了。A. friendly友好的；B. wise明智的；C. brave勇敢的；D. outgoing外向的。根据上文“And so, this year I made a resolution to turn my relationship with fear upside down.”可知，作者决定要勇敢面对恐惧，所以现在作者正坚持自己要勇敢的决定。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经克服了对高度的恐惧，攀登了山峰。A. losses损失；B. heights高度；C. darkness黑暗；D. regrets遗憾。根据下文“climbing mountain peaks”可知，作者已经克服了对高度的恐惧，攀登了山峰。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次成功的新体验，都让我的信心倍增。A. leadership领导力；B. patience耐心；C. confidence信心；D. creativity创造力。根据上文“I’ve signed up for a dance performance-even though at forty-five I had no previous experience. I’ve faced my fear of  8 , climbing mountain peaks. I’ve tried caving at a national park.”可知，作者报名参加了舞蹈表演；作者还克服了对高度的恐惧，攀登了山峰；在国家公园尝试了洞穴探险。由此可知，每一次成功的新体验，都让作者的信心倍增。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可能会享受在海上度过的时光。A. save拯救；B. enjoy享受；C. kill杀死；D. employ雇佣。根据上文“I begin to think that this fishing trip might actually become more than a test.”和下文“I can do this!”可知，作者开始认为这次钓鱼之旅可能不仅仅是一次考验，作者可能会享受在海上度过的时光。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Our library had a “Music in the Lobby” day and I registered to play old-time piano tunes. An elderly gentleman and his granddaughter stopped ____11____ (listen). Noticing he was unable to stand, I patted the bench alongside me and he took a seat ____12____ (slow). When I played the romantic love song “Strangers in the Night”, he began to sing. An audience gathered as the man accompanied me throughout the performance. At the end, he ____13____ (give) a standing applause. As the man left, his granddaughter whispered in my ear. “My grandpa has not sung a word since Grandma passed away,” she said. “Thank you for giving him his voice back.” 【答案】11. to listen 12. slowly 13. was given 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者在图书馆演奏老式钢琴曲时，如何帮助一位失去伴唱多年的老人找回歌声，并带给其家人感动的故事。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位老先生和他的孙女停下来听（我弹奏）。此处为固定搭配stop to do sth.，意为“停下来去做某事”，表示停下正在做的事去做另一件事，所以用动词不定式to listen作宾语。故填to listen。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：注意到他站不住，我拍了拍我旁边的长凳，他慢慢地坐了下来。此处修饰动词took，用slow的副词slowly，意为“慢慢地”。故填slowly。 【13题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：表演结束时，他受到了起立鼓掌（的礼遇）。此处为谓语动词，he与give为被动关系，结合上文的谓语动词gathered以及下文的谓语动词left以及whispered可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was given。故填was given。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since reducing meat and dairy can help with our planet’s climate Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital is pioneering a strategy to get people to consume more plant-based food. Through research, the hospital has found that the foods ____14____(label) “vegetarian” tend to attract only a certain group of the hospital’s patients ____15____ have dietary restrictions. So they stopped mentioning “vegetarian” in the name of any dishes. So far, Faulkner Hospital ____16____ (see) a 2.2% decrease in total carbon emissions per calorie. What is more, vegetarian diets have helped diversify the patients’ diets, ____17____ (increase) their intake of healthful fiber, vitamins, and other micronutrients. 【答案】14. labeled##labelled 15. who##that 16. has seen 17. increasing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布里格姆妇女福克纳医院通过减少肉类和奶制品的摄入，推广植物性饮食，以减少碳排放并改善患者饮食多样性的举措及其成效。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过研究，医院发现，标有“素食”标签的食物往往只能吸引医院里那些有饮食限制的特定患者群体。句子已有谓语动词has found，空处为非谓语动词作定语，label与foods构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填labeled/labelled。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词patients，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，福克纳医院每卡路里的总碳排放量已经减少了2.2%。根据上文so far可知，为现在完成时，主语为Faulkner Hospital，助动词用has。故填has seen。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，素食饮食有助于使患者的饮食多样化，增加他们摄入有益的纤维、维生素和其他微量营养素。句子已有谓语动词have helped，空处为非谓语动词作状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作状语。故填increasing。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 If archaeologists (考古学家) are asked why their work is important, they are most likely to respond that it is ____18____ the same reasons that history is valued. By knowing our human past, we appreciate who we are and ____19____ we came from. Accordingly, by studying the past, we can inform our decisions about the future. Therefore, archaeology’s potential for educating more intelligent, involved, global ____20____ (citizen) is considerable. In classrooms, learning about archaeology helps students improve various skills across many disciplines and develop a sensitivity to other people and diverse cultures. 【答案】18. for 19. where 20. citizens 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是考古学的重要性，它通过研究人类过去帮助我们了解自身，并为未来决策提供信息，同时在教育中具有提升学生多学科能力和文化敏感性的潜力。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果问考古学家他们的工作为何重要，他们很可能会回答，这和历史受到重视的原因是一样的。此处为固定搭配for...reasons，意为“由于……原因”，所以用介词for。故填for。 【19题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：通过了解我们人类的过去，我们能明白自己是谁，来自何处。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，与“who we are”并列作appreciate的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“来自哪里”，用连接副词where。故填where。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：因此，考古学在培养更有智慧、更积极参与的全球公民方面的潜力是巨大的。citizen为可数名词，作宾语，空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数形式citizens，泛指全球公民。故填citizens。 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分) 第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Cycling holidays in the UK and Europe have never been easier for families, with paths to suit every ability from children to teens. Europe’s well-established cycling networks include dozens of child-friendly routes to help active families turn a weekend pastime into an exciting holiday. Whether circling lakes or tracking rivers, there’s a trip for every age and ability in the routes below. Van Gogh Cycle Route, Netherlands Cycling level: beginner-quiet and gentle; a great experience of cycling breaks. The villages, nature reserves and fields in northeastern Netherlands once caught the eye of Vincent van Gogh. This new route highlights the region and passes by the real-life scenes painted by the artist. The full route is around 30 miles and is perfect for young cyclists, following flat country paths and canal paths. Ciro Trail, Balkans Cycling level: confident, with some hills and a few off-road sections. This path follows the out-of-service railway from Mostar all the way to Dubrovnik. The station buildings have been transformed into cheap, bike-friendly guesthouses and cafes for service stations along the route, and young cyclists will be thrilled by the tunnel (隧道) sections. On the way, there are sparkling rivers for refreshing swims. Danube Cycle Path, Austria Cycling level: beginner-the cycle paths are flat and smooth, making them suitable for all. The full Danube Cycle Path, covering eight countries, is a bit ambitious for a family break, but some mini sections are ideal for the youngest riders. One of the best is the Austrian part from Linz to Vienna, following the flat riverside path through ancient towns, exploring castle ruins along the way. It’s a great journey for adventurous families to plan independently. Atlantic Coast Route, Portugal Cycling level: middle level-cycle as far as you like each day. Part of the European bicycle route network, the western end of the Atlantic Coast Route from Porto to Lisbon connects two great child-friendly cities. It’s an eight-day trip through one of Europe’s sunniest corners, skirting wide beaches, and fishing villages with fresh seafood. The attraction of seafood pizza at the day’s end will keep youngsters cycling hard on the tour. 21. The families taking the route in Balkans will ________. A. witness the scenes in masterpieces B. cycle through some rough tracks C. enjoy beautiful coast views D. travel by old train 22. Which route will a family most probably choose if they are history lovers? A. Van Gogh Cycle Route. B. Ciro Trail. C. Danube Cycle Path. D. Atlantic Coast Route. 23. What is the common feature among the four trips? A. Passing by culture-related cities. B. Requiring advanced cycling skills. C. Providing unique adventurous experiences. D. Including sections suitable for young riders. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国和欧洲适合家庭骑行的四条路线，包括路线地点、骑行难度以及路线特色等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Ciro Trail, Balkans”部分“Cycling level: confident, with some hills and a few off-road sections. (骑行水平：自信，有一些山丘和一些越野路段)”可知，在巴尔干地区的Ciro Trail路线骑行时，会有一些越野路段，也就是会经过一些崎岖的路段。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Danube Cycle Path, Austria”部分“One of the best is the Austrian part from Linz to Vienna, following the flat riverside path through ancient towns, exploring castle ruins along the way. (其中最好的一段是从林茨到维也纳的奥地利段，沿着平坦的河边小路穿过古镇，沿途探索城堡废墟)”可知，Danube Cycle Path路线沿途可以探索城堡废墟，对于历史爱好者来说是很不错的选择。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Van Gogh Cycle Route, Netherlands”部分“The full route is around 30 miles and is perfect for young cyclists, following flat country paths and canal paths. (全程约30英里，沿着平坦的乡村小路和运河小路，非常适合年轻骑手)”；“Ciro Trail, Balkans”部分“The station buildings have been transformed into cheap, bike-friendly guesthouses and cafes for service stations along the route, and young cyclists will be thrilled by the tunnel sections. (车站建筑已被改造成廉价的、适合自行车的旅馆和咖啡馆，作为沿途的服务站，年轻的自行车手们会对隧道部分感到兴奋)”；“Danube Cycle Path, Austria”部分“The full Danube Cycle Path, covering eight countries, is a bit ambitious for a family break, but some mini sections are ideal for the youngest riders. (全程覆盖八个国家的多瑙河自行车道，对于家庭度假来说有点雄心勃勃，但一些小路段非常适合年龄最小的骑手)”以及“Atlantic Coast Route, Portugal”部分“Part of the European bicycle route network, the western end of the Atlantic Coast Route from Porto to Lisbon connects two great child-friendly cities. (作为欧洲自行车路线网络的一部分，从波尔图到里斯本的大西洋海岸路线的西端连接了两个非常适合儿童的城市)”可知，这四条路线的共同特点是都包含适合年轻骑手的路段。故选D。 B Erik Ahlsten says firmly, “This is the best accommodation I’ve ever had.” His friend and neighbour Manfred Bachrach is equally enthusiastic. “I really like this way of living,” he says. “It’s very much my cup of tea.” The two are referring to their new home, Sallbo, an experiment in multigenerational living in southern Sweden. Sallbo consists of 51 apartments spread over four floors of a retirement home. More than half of the 72 residents are in their 70s, like Ahlsten and Bachrach; the rest are aged 18-25. All were selected after an extensive interview process to ensure a mix of personalities, backgrounds and values, and all had to sign a contract promising to spend at least two hours a week socialising with their neighbours. The project is organised by Helsingborgshem, a housing company, and results from an idea they had in 2016 due to concern about loneliness among older groups. Swedes are extremely independent-young people start living alone earlier than anywhere in Europe-a characteristic that continues into old age, with many elderly people choosing to remain in their own homes. Yet a sense of isolation (孤立) poses a real danger to health and remains common among retirees. “Our research showed that elderly people were feeling isolated from society and were very lonely in their everyday life. They were only mixing with others of the same age,” says Dragana Curovic, the project manager of Sallbo. The arrangement of Sallbo seems to be working for young and old. Ahlsten and Bachrach have been cooking dinners, doing repairs, and driving people around. In return, the younger residents help with modern technology and social media. “It’s a real community, and the mix of people works very well,” says Ahlsten. Since moving in, he’s joined the gardening group, the Sunday night movie club and learnt to play card games. “The whole building is like a family,” says Ali Soroush, a young man from Afghanistan. “There are parties all the time — every weekend it’s someone’s birthday or some celebration.” With loneliness on the rise and considered a genuine health risk, projects such as Sallbo are seen increasingly as a solution to isolation. “We hope people can have totally normal relationships between youngsters, the elderly and other people,” says Curovic. “We want to enhance people’s willingness to integrate, and it doesn’t merely start with housing.” 24. What can we learn about Sallbo? A. Its residents have similar backgrounds. B. Free accommodation is offered in Sallbo. C. It’s most Swedish retirees’ residential choice. D. Social communication is required of its residents 25. What led to the project of Sallbo? A. The worry over loneliness problem among the elderly. B The profit from investing in housing the isolated people. C. The hope to balance the relationship between young and old. D. The traditional culture of individual independence in Sweden. 26. What does Ali Soroush think about Sallbo? A. Contribution-valued. B. Heart-warming. C. Duty-balanced. D. Cost-effective. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典南部一个多代同堂居住的实验项目Sallbo，该项目旨在解决老年人孤独问题，通过让年轻人和老年人共同居住，促进社交互动，目前该项目取得了良好的效果。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“All were selected after an extensive interview process to ensure a mix of personalities, backgrounds and values, and all had to sign a contract promising to spend at least two hours a week socialising with their neighbours. (所有人都是经过广泛的面试程序后被选中的，以确保他们的性格、背景和价值观多样化，并且所有人都必须签署一份合同，承诺每周至少花两个小时与邻居交往)”可知，Sallbo的居民需要签署合同，承诺每周至少花两个小时与邻居交往，即要求居民进行社交。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The project is organised by Helsingborgshem, a housing company, and results from an idea they had in 2016 due to concern about loneliness among older groups. (该项目由住房公司Helsingborgshem组织，源于他们2016年对老年群体孤独问题的担忧)”可知，对老年人孤独问题的担忧导致了Sallbo项目的产生。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘The whole building is like a family,’ says Ali Soroush, a young man from Afghanistan. ‘There are parties all the time — every weekend it’s someone’s birthday or some celebration.’ (‘整栋楼就像一个家庭，’来自阿富汗的年轻人Ali Soroush说。‘总是有聚会——每个周末都有人过生日或庆祝什么。’)”可知，Ali Soroush认为Sallbo总是有聚会，每个周末都有人过生日或庆祝，这让人感到温暖。由此可知，Ali Soroush认为Sallbo是暖心的。故选B。 C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants-unlike cars-somehow manage to avoid the problem of stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. The free flow of traffic becomes chaotic as the density (密度) of cars increases on a highway. At 15 vehicles per mile per lane, one driver tapping their brakes (刹车) can cause a continuous wave of crowding. “It’s a kind of phase transition, like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,” says Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo, who studies these jamming transitions. Nishinari’s previous research had shown that ants searching for food can maintain their flow even at high densities. So what’s their secret? In a recent study, researchers recorded the routes of the ants searching for food and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another-and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour are hardly likely to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals, which is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says Nicola Pugno, who studies sustainable engineering at the University of Trento in Italy. But self-driving cars, if they one day become universal, could have more cooperative programming. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to optimize traffic flow-perhaps, Pugno suggests, by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. This vehicle network would be analogous to ants searching for food, which use smell to adjust behavior while interacting with one another. “There is no leader, but this organization emerges anyway,” says Pugno. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam, as Nishinari says: don’t tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise result in a traffic jam with no obvious cause. “Just keeping away,” Pugno says, “can help traffic flow smoothly.” 27. What are the best words to describe ants’ group movement? A. Free and independent. B. Disciplined and orderly. C. Complex and invariable. D. Random and uncompetitive. 28. Why does Nishinari mention water in Paragraph 2? A. To confirm the existence of a phenomenon. B. To express agreement with a viewpoint. C. To explain an abstract concept. D. To present a research finding. 29. What does the underlined word “analogous” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Accustomed. B. Adaptable. C. Similar. D. Preferable. 30. Which would Nishinari and Pugno both agree with? A. Insects have less self-centered behavior. B. Leaderless interaction may relieve traffic pressure. C. Technology development will regulate human conduct. D. The study of biological functions helps better social behavior. 【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过研究蚂蚁的合作策略，来学习如何编程自动驾驶汽车以避免交通堵塞，同时探讨了人类驾驶与蚂蚁行为以及未来自动驾驶汽车之间的联系。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another-and they don’t speed up to pass others. (研究人员发现，蚂蚁不会陷入拥堵，是因为它们以3到20只为一组行进，行进速度几乎保持不变，同时彼此之间保持良好距离，而且它们不会加速超越其他蚂蚁)”可知，蚂蚁以有序的群体形式移动，保持恒定速度和良好间距，这体现了它们群体移动的纪律性和有序性。故选B。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“At 15 vehicles per mile per lane, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a continuous wave of crowding. ‘It’s a kind of phase transition, like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,’ says Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo, who studies these jamming transitions. (在每车道每英里15辆车的情况下，一个司机踩刹车就会引发连续的拥堵波。东京大学的数学物理学家Katsuhiro Nishinari研究这些拥堵转变，他说：‘这是一种相变，就像水从液态变成固态。’)”可知，Katsuhiro Nishinari用水从液态变为固态的相变来类比交通拥堵的形成，其目的是为了解释“交通拥堵的形成”这个抽象的概念，让读者更易理解。故选C。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“But self-driving cars, if they one day become universal, could have more cooperative programming. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to optimize traffic flow-perhaps, Pugno suggests, by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. (但自动驾驶汽车，如果有一天变得普遍，可能会有更多的合作程序。在未来的一个愿景中，自动驾驶汽车将与附近的汽车共享信息，以优化交通流量——也许，Pugno建议，通过优先考虑恒定的速度和前进，或者在路上不超过其他车辆)”以及第五段中“This vehicle network would be analogous to ants searching for food, which use smell to adjust behavior while interacting with one another. (这个车辆网络将analogous于蚂蚁觅食，蚂蚁在相互交流时利用气味来调整行为)”可知，这里是将车辆网络和蚂蚁寻找食物进行类比，说明车辆网络与蚂蚁觅食在行为调整和信息交互方面有相似之处，所以“analogous”意思是“相似的”。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This vehicle network would be analogous to ants searching for food, which use smell to adjust behavior while interacting with one another. “There is no leader, but this organization emerges anyway,” says Pugno. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam, as Nishinari says: don’t tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise result in a traffic jam with no obvious cause. “Just keeping away,” Pugno says, “can help traffic flow smoothly.” (这种交通网络类似于蚂蚁寻找食物，它们在相互作用时利用气味来调整行为。Pugno说：“没有领导者，但这个组织无论如何都会出现。”今天的司机至少可以从蚂蚁身上学到一件事，以避免造成交通堵塞，正如Nishinari说的那样：不要追尾。通过在自己的车和前面的车之间留出空间，司机可以在交通拥挤的情况下吸收一波刹车，否则会导致没有明显原因的交通堵塞。“只要保持距离，”Pugno说，“就可以帮助交通顺畅。”)”可知，Nishinari和Pugno都认为研究蚂蚁等生物的行为模式和功能，有助于改善人类社会中的交通行为等社会行为，比如通过模仿蚂蚁的无领导合作模式来优化自动驾驶汽车的交通流。故选D。 D Cultural heritage is the symbol of our shared human history, including artifacts, traditions, languages, and knowledge that have been passed down through generations. Preserving and safeguarding cultural heritage has always been a critical mission. In the digital era, the mission has become a vital concern. Digitization of cultural content, such as museum collections or libraries, digital broadcasting of artistic performances, or digital born art and heritage are happening at a fast pace. While experiencing remarkable growth, the digital transformation presents unique challenges, such as the concerns about the cases where digital files may become unreadable or unusable due to outdated formats or hardware. However, this is not the biggest issue we encounter. The emergence of new digital cultural content has highlighted the limitations of existing intellectual property rights (IPR) systems in effectively handling the challenges posed by the digital era. In Europe, for instance, with the booming development of the digital gaming industry, some culture-related cases have raised specific IPR questions. Experts wonder if user-generated content from. digital games creates new copyright. The game itself is most often protected by copyright, but user-generated content, such as avatars (虚拟角色) created by players, is not necessarily covered by existing copyright laws. Another example is the inking culture of tattooing. In UK laws, an original tattoo is copyrightable work; however, it seems not to be the case for AI-generated tattoos. Both cases may lead to debates over ownership. As a result, museums often avoid sharing collections online due to a “chilling effect” — the fear of facing legal problems, like being responsible for breaking copyright laws, contract laws, or data protection rules. Cultural heritage preservation lies in striking a delicate balance between conservation of the past and transition to the future. The rapid advancements in technology offer exciting opportunities for digitizing, documenting, and preserving cultural heritage, providing broader access and immersive (沉浸式) experiences for global audiences, present and future. Furthermore, in the face of climate change, protecting cultural heritage becomes urgent as the world faces increasingly severe environmental challenges. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and temperature fluctuations threaten to destroy cultural artifacts and heritage sites. Since digital copies can serve as disaster backups (备份) to address climate-related damage, protecting cultural sites from climate change goes hand in hand with safeguarding heritage’s digital copies. All of these call for a balance between innovation and the preservation of cultural heritage’s authenticity and integrity, which necessitates respect for the variety of copyrights, management of rights and authorizations, and clear usage and access policies. Only by tackling the complex challenges posed by digitization can we ensure technology enriches rather than endangers our shared history. 31. What is the biggest challenge digitization poses to cultural heritage protection? A. The misinterpretation of the digital transformation. B. The potential failure of digital culture’s long-term sustainability. C. The difficulty in connecting culture digitization to cultural integrity. D. The insufficiency of intellectual property policies for digital culture. 32. What situation may result from the “chilling effect” mentioned in the passage? A. Museums refuse to display the original items of cultural artifacts. B. Galleries tighten the policies for e-format culture exchanges. C. Libraries restrict access to digital books on culture relics. D. Schools offer less cultural heritage-related courses. 33. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The necessity of protecting cultural heritage in digital forms. B. The significance of protecting cultural relics from natural damage. C. The possibility of using technology in cultural heritage preservation. D. The barrier of achieving both conservation and transition at the same time. 34. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advocate addressing existing issues. B. To promote the use of modern technology. C. To analyse the origins of current challenges. D. To explore the impact of innovation on tradition. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨数字时代文化遗产保护面临的挑战及平衡创新与保护的必要性。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, this is not the biggest issue we encounter. The emergence of new digital cultural content has highlighted the limitations of existing intellectual property rights (IPR) systems in effectively handling the challenges posed by the digital era.(然而，这并不是我们遇到的最大问题。新的数字文化内容的出现凸显了现有知识产权体系在有效应对数字时代带来的挑战方面的局限性。)”可知，数字化给文化遗产保护带来的最大挑战是知识产权政策无法满足数字文化的需求。故选D项。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As a result, museums often avoid sharing collections online due to a “chilling effect” — the fear of facing legal problems, like being responsible for breaking copyright laws, contract laws, or data protection rules.(因此，由于“寒蝉效应”——害怕面临法律问题，如对违反版权法、合同法或数据保护规则负责，博物馆往往避免在网上分享藏品。)”可知，“寒蝉效应”可能导致美术馆收紧电子形式文化交流的政策。故选B项。 【33题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“The rapid advancements in technology offer exciting opportunities for digitizing, documenting, and preserving cultural heritage, providing broader access and immersive (沉浸式) experiences for global audiences, present and future.(技术的快速发展为数字化、记录和保护文化遗产提供了令人兴奋的机会，为全球观众、现在和未来提供了更广泛的访问和沉浸式体验)”和“Since digital copies can serve as disaster backups to address climate-related damage, protecting cultural sites from climate change goes hand in hand with safeguarding heritage’s digital copies.(由于数字副本可以作为应对气候相关损害的灾难备份，保护文化遗址免受气候变化影响与保护遗产的数字副本相辅相成。)”可知，第四段主要讲述以数字形式保护文化遗产的必要性。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“All of these call for a balance between innovation and the preservation of cultural heritage’s authenticity and integrity, which necessitates respect for the variety of copyrights, management of rights and authorizations, and clear usage and access policies. Only by tackling the complex challenges posed by digitization can we ensure technology enriches rather than endangers our shared history.(所有这些都要求在创新与保护文化遗产的真实性和完整性之间取得平衡，这需要尊重各种版权，管理权利和授权，并制定明确的使用和获取政策。只有应对数字化带来的复杂挑战，我们才能确保技术丰富而不是危害我们共同的历史。)”可知，文章的主要目的是倡导解决当前数字时代文化遗产保护存在的问题。故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the last decade, STEM-Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math-has become increasingly defined as the symbol of development, success, and progress. Incoming college students are increasingly choosing majors like computer science, biology, and engineering, even if some of them are not particularly interested in those subjects. ____35____ However, this has subsequently left liberal arts and the importance of the field behind. ____36____ To answer the question, we need to consider what liberal arts are. Different from STEM, liberal arts are essentially the broad study of how the world works, assisting with students’ critical thinking, creative application, and social skills, ranging from topics like psychology and sociology to linguistics and history. Although today STEM-based education seems to be the most effective path to take for career prospects, liberal arts can produce just as much success. This is mainly due to the fact that a liberal arts education teaches students important soft, social skills, including clear and effective communication, error-free writing, problem-solving, and successful data analysis, among others. ____37____ Without them, how can a student properly prepare themselves for a career? In addition, students in liberal arts possess the most important characteristic of being more human. What they learn brings them distinctive social insights. ____38____ It not only translates into more humanized employees in the future workforce but also provides a significant positive effect, too. As much as AI has taken the world by storm, it does not take away from the fact that when someone calls customer service, they want to hear a human voice. They want someone who can considerately help them solve their problems on a more emotional level rather than just being assisted by a robot that follows a program. As society continues to evolve, and people’s needs and wants continue to change, merely sticking to practical, baseline solutions will not work. That’s exactly where liberal arts come in. ____39____ And that’s the beauty and importance of liberal arts. A. Why are students today seeking towards the field? B. Do liberal arts still matter in a STEM-driven world? C. These skills are what a good employee should have. D. Anyway, it seems like the “right” thing to do for their future. E. This nature generally can’t come from STEM-based education. F. That’s why both liberal arts and STEM are important for a progressive society. G. AI will never be able to truly understand humanity as an actual human mind can. 【答案】35. D 36. B 37. C 38. E 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕在STEM (科学、技术、工程和数学) 盛行的当下，文科是否依然重要展开讨论，阐述了文科的定义、文科能带来的成功以及文科在社会发展中的独特作用。 【35题详解】 前文提到“Over the last decade, STEM-Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math - has become increasingly defined as the symbol of development, success, and progress. Incoming college students are increasingly choosing majors like computer science, biology, and engineering, even if some of them are not particularly interested in those subjects. (在过去的十年里，STEM——科学、技术、工程和数学——越来越被定义为发展、成功和进步的象征。即将入学的大学生越来越多地选择计算机科学、生物学和工程学等专业，即使他们中的一些人对这些学科并不特别感兴趣)”说明学生选择STEM专业成为一种趋势，D选项“不管怎样，这似乎对他们未来来说是‘正确’的选择。”承接上文，解释了学生选择STEM专业的原因，符合语境。故选D。 【36题详解】 前文“However, this has subsequently left liberal arts and the importance of the field behind. (然而，这随后将文科和该领域的重要性抛在了后面)”提到STEM的盛行使文科及其重要性被忽视，后文“To answer the question, we need to consider what liberal arts are. (要回答这个问题，我们需要考虑文科是什么)”说明此处提出了一个问题，B选项“在以STEM为主导的世界里，文科还重要吗？”符合语境，引出后文对文科的探讨。故选B。 【37题详解】 前文“This is mainly due to the fact that a liberal arts education teaches students important soft, social skills, including clear and effective communication, error - free writing, problem - solving, and successful data analysis, among others. (这主要是因为文科教育教会学生重要的软技能和社会技能，包括清晰有效的沟通、无错误的写作、解决问题和成功的数据分析等)”说明文科教育能教会学生重要技能，C选项“这些技能是一个好员工应该具备的。”承接上文，进一步强调这些技能的重要性，符合语境。故选C。 【38题详解】 前文“In addition, students in liberal arts possess the most important characteristic of being more human. What they learn brings them distinctive social insights. (此外，文科学生具有最重要的更人性化的特点。他们所学的东西给他们带来了独特的社会洞察力)”说明文科学生有独特的特点，E选项“这种特质通常无法从基于STEM的教育中获得。”承接上文，将文科学生与STEM教育进行对比，符合语境。故选E。 【39题详解】 前文“As society continues to evolve, and people’s needs and wants continue to change, merely sticking to practical, baseline solutions will not work. That’s exactly where liberal arts come in. (随着社会的不断发展，人们的需求和愿望不断变化，仅仅坚持实用的、基本的解决方案是行不通的。这正是文科的用武之地)”说明文科在社会发展中有重要作用，后文“And that’s the beauty and importance of liberal arts.(这就是文科的美丽和重要性)”强调了人文学科的价值。F选项“这就是为什么文科和STEM对一个进步的社会都很重要。”起到了承上启下的作用，总结全文，点明主旨，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We live in a world where modern technology feeds into our urge for instant rewards. With just a click, we can watch videos, order food, or buy things online. This ease of accessing pleasures strengthens the temptation (诱惑) to give in to instant gratification rather than work towards long-term goals. Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. It dates back to the initial stages of humanity, when our ancestors lived in uncertain times with an unpredictable future. The unpredictable future made delaying gratification risky. This concept has become increasingly relevant in today’s world, providing us with a sense of satisfaction and achievement when we experience immediate rewards for our actions or decisions. When we move toward our goals, sometimes things get tough. Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. However, consistently giving in to the temptation of quick rewards can rewire our brains, affecting our capacity for patience and self-control and overshadowing the importance of long-term planning in every aspect of our lives. The immediate rewards offered by social media in the form of likes, shares, and comments can lead to addictive behaviours. Additionally, this trend can cause a lack of attention focus among users of all ages. The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies. The desire to avoid physical activities and choose immediate comfort outweighs the potential positive outcomes of improved fitness and well-being, leading us to skip exercise. The need for speedy outcomes can reduce our ability to wait for more rewarding achievements. Therefore, understanding how instant gratification affects us is an essential part of maintaining balance in life. Learning how to recognize when immediate rewards are helpful rather than holding back progress is key to having healthy relationships with ourselves and others around us. 40. What does instant gratification refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can instant gratification help us if it is used properly? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How will you avoid the negative impacts of instant gratification? (About 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Instant gratification refers to the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. 41. It can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. 42. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. Because we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification. 43. Open. I’ll set clear long-term goals, limit social media use, and choose healthy foods, exercising self-control to avoid instant gratification's negatives. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了即时满足感的概念、在当下的意义、过度追求即时满足感的危害以及保持生活平衡的重要性。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay.(即时满足感是指渴望毫无延迟地体验快乐或满足)”可知，即时满足感指的是毫无延迟地体验快乐或满足的欲望。故答案为Instant gratification refers to the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way.(在这种情况下，明智地利用即时满足感，通过在过程中提供短期奖励，可以帮助我们坚持长期目标)”可知，合理使用即时满足感能通过提供短期奖励帮助我们坚持长期目标。故答案为It can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段“The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies.(食用垃圾食品带来的即时满足感的冲动，会导致人们选择低质量、不健康的食品，而不是有营养的食品，从而对身体产生负面影响)”可知，选择低质不健康食品是因为追求即时满足感，而非不关心其负面影响。故We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. 中“we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies”错误，应改为“we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification.”。故答案为We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. Because we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification. 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。题干意思为：你将如何避免即时满足的负面影响？结合文章中过度追求即时满足感的危害，可从设定目标、自我约束等方面回答。故答案为I’ll set clear long-term goals, limit social media use, and choose healthy foods, exercising self-control to avoid instant gratification’s negatives.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。 第二节 (20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim来信说他参加了学校文化艺术比赛并获奖，同时询问你喜欢的文化艺术形式，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺。 2. 分享你喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear you won the award in your school culture and art competition. Congratulations! I know you prepared for the competition for a long time. Your effort has paid off. I feel proud of you! As for me, Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart. It’s part of our traditional culture. With a brush and ink, it turns Chinese characters into beautiful artworks. Especially in today’s digital age, handwritten calligraphy acts as a timeless bridge, which reminds us of the irreplaceable charm of Chinese handwritten tradition. Congratulations on your success again! Looking forward to your further exploration in the field of art. Best wishes, Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二学生李华的身份给英国朋友Jim回信，祝贺他在学校文化艺术比赛中获奖，并分享自己喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 美丽的：beautiful→pretty 为……感到自豪：feel proud of→take pride in 充当：act as→serve as 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：As for me Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart. It’s part of our traditional culture. 拓展句：As for me, Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart, which is part of our traditional culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear you won the award in your school culture and art competition.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Especially in today’s digital age, handwritten calligraphy acts as a timeless bridge, which reminds us of the irreplaceable charm of Chinese handwritten tradition.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$